JP5860895B2 - 5−メチル−1−(ナフタレン−2−イル)−1h−ピラゾール誘導体 - Google Patents
5−メチル−1−(ナフタレン−2−イル)−1h−ピラゾール誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5860895B2 JP5860895B2 JP2013541368A JP2013541368A JP5860895B2 JP 5860895 B2 JP5860895 B2 JP 5860895B2 JP 2013541368 A JP2013541368 A JP 2013541368A JP 2013541368 A JP2013541368 A JP 2013541368A JP 5860895 B2 JP5860895 B2 JP 5860895B2
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- methyl
- ethyl
- morpholin
- yloxy
- Prior art date
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- ZVHFNPCFAYIHHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1-naphthalen-2-ylpyrazole Chemical class CC1=CC=NN1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 ZVHFNPCFAYIHHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N morphine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
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- -1 fluoro compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229960005181 morphine Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- VSEAAEQOQBMPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholin-3-one Chemical compound O=C1COCCN1 VSEAAEQOQBMPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
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- DWCBLWNZWFLCLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[1-(5,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)-5-methylpyrazol-3-yl]oxyethyl]morpholin-3-one Chemical compound N=1N(C=2C=C3C=CC(O)C(O)C3=CC=2)C(C)=CC=1OCCN1CCOCC1=O DWCBLWNZWFLCLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- UWBVMZWFWKGDOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[1-(6-bromonaphthalen-2-yl)-5-methylpyrazol-3-yl]oxyethyl]morpholin-3-one Chemical compound N=1N(C=2C=C3C=CC(Br)=CC3=CC=2)C(C)=CC=1OCCN1CCOCC1=O UWBVMZWFWKGDOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SRQHOONAMWGELS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[1-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)-5-methylpyrazol-3-yl]oxyethyl]morpholin-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C2C=C1N(C(=C1)C)N=C1OCCN1CCOCC1=O SRQHOONAMWGELS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LUMPTOGAKURKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[1-(7-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-5-methylpyrazol-3-yl]oxyethyl]morpholin-3-one Chemical compound N=1N(C=2C=C3C=C(O)C=CC3=CC=2)C(C)=CC=1OCCN1CCOCC1=O LUMPTOGAKURKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FMOZUQUMMNILHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[1-(7-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)-5-methylpyrazol-3-yl]oxyethyl]morpholin-3-one Chemical compound C=1C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2C=CC=1N(C(=C1)C)N=C1OCCN1CCOCC1=O FMOZUQUMMNILHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RNIYMCNCXGOGFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[1-(8-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-5-methylpyrazol-3-yl]oxyethyl]morpholin-3-one Chemical compound N=1N(C=2C=C3C(O)=CC=CC3=CC=2)C(C)=CC=1OCCN1CCOCC1=O RNIYMCNCXGOGFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YLYWLVPPDVTLAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[1-[6-(hydroxymethyl)naphthalen-2-yl]-5-methylpyrazol-3-yl]oxyethyl]morpholin-3-one Chemical compound N=1N(C=2C=C3C=CC(CO)=CC3=CC=2)C(C)=CC=1OCCN1CCOCC1=O YLYWLVPPDVTLAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UGOLLQMAQYWBAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[5-methyl-1-(6-methylnaphthalen-2-yl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxyethyl]morpholin-3-one Chemical compound N=1N(C=2C=C3C=CC(C)=CC3=CC=2)C(C)=CC=1OCCN1CCOCC1=O UGOLLQMAQYWBAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Description
R1およびR2は、独立して、置換または未置換のC1−6アルキル、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシおよびC1−6アルコキシからなる群から選ばれるものであり、
nおよびmは、独立に、0、1および2から選ばれ、
破線(- - - - -で表わされている)は、任意の二重結合を表わす)
または、その医薬的に許容される塩、異性体、プロドラッグ、または溶媒和化合物に関する。
・4−(2−(5−メチル−1−(ナフタレン−2−イル)−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(8−ヒドロキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(6−ヒドロキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(7−メトキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(7−ヒドロキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・6−ヒドロキシ−4−(2−(5−メチル−1−(ナフタレン−2−イル)−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(5,6−ジメトキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(6−メトキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(6−フルオロナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(6−ブロモナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(5−メチル−1−(6−メチルナフタレン−2−イル)−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(6−(ヒドロキシメチル)ナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(4−フルオロナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;および
・4−(2−(1−(5,6−ジヒドロキシ−5,6−ジヒドロナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
またはこれらの医薬的に許容される塩、異性体、プロドラッグ、または溶媒和化合物。
a)両者がいつも同時に投与される、同じ医薬製剤の一部としての組み合わせとして
b)同時投与、別個の投与、または連続的な投与の可能性を与える、それぞれが両者のうちの1つを含有する2つのユニットの組み合わせとして、投与してもよいことを示唆するものである。ある特定の実施形態では、式(I)の化合物は、オピオイドまたはアヘン剤とは独立して(つまり、2ユニットで)しかし、同時に投与される。また別の特定の実施形態では、式(I)の化合物が最初に投与され、次に、オピオイドまたはアヘン剤が別個にまたは連続的に投与される。さらに別の特定の実施形態では、オピオイドまたはアヘン剤が最初に投与され、次いで、式(I)の化合物が、定義されているように別個または連続して投与される。
HPLCで測定した純度:100%
1H−NMR(CDCl3) δ(ppm):7.95〜7.8(m,4H),7.6〜7.5(m,3H),5.7(s,1H),4.45(t,J=5.2Hz,2H),4.2(s,2H),3.85(t,J=5.3Hz,2H),3.8(t,J=5.3Hz,2H),3.6(t,J=5.4Hz,2H),2.35(s,3H)。
機械的な異痛の発生におけるカプサイシンへの影響
このモデルではフォン・フライフィラメントを用いる。これは、神経因性疼痛、異痛などの効果や症状をテストするためのモデルである。
このモデルの利点
・1μgのカプサイシンを実験動物に注射することで急性疼痛が生じ、次に痛覚過敏/異痛が来る。
・カプサイシンによって誘発される急性疼痛および痛覚過敏に関与する機構は比較的よく知られている(それぞれ主に、周囲の侵害受容体の活性化および脊髄神経細胞の感作)。
材料と方法
動物
オスのCD1野生型マウスをチャールズリバー社(フランス)から購入した。動物は10匹ずつのグループにして収容し、えさと水を不断給餌方式で与え、室温は21±1℃、照明は12時間毎の明暗のサイクル(午前7時に点灯し、午後7時に消灯する)に調整された実験室条件の中に置いた。週齢6〜8週の動物を用いた。実験は、防音され、調風された実験室で午前9時から午後3時の間に行なった。実験手順および動物の管理はすべて「意識のある動物における疼痛の評価のための倫理的原則(ethical principles for the evaluation of pain in conscious animals) Zimmermann、1983」および「1986年11月24日付の欧州議会指令(86/609/ECC)」に準拠して行なった。この実験研究は地元の倫理委員会に承認された。
以下の薬剤を使用した:実施例No.1(Dr. Esteve S.A., Spainの研究所で合成)および塩酸モルヒネ(Agencia Espanoia de medicamentos y productos sanitarios, Area Estupefacientesより提供)。薬剤を(ヒドロキシプロピル)メチルセルロース(HPMC、0.5%)(H9262、シグマ−アルドリッチ社製)に溶解した。モルヒネは、5ml/体重1kgを皮下(s.c.)より与え、実施例No.1は10ml/体重1kgを腹腔内ルート(i.p.)で与えた。投与量は、薬剤の塩としてのものである。
本試験はすでに記述されている(Moncada et al., 2003)ように行なわれた。簡単に説明すると、動物をプレキシガラス管に拘束し、テイルフリック装置(スペインのPanlab社製 LE7106)上に置いた。尾の先端から約3cmのところに有害な光線をあて、テイルフリックレイテンシ(TFL、レイテンシまたは放射熱源からの尾の移動)を四捨五入して0.1秒刻みで自動的に記録した。放射熱源の強度はベースラインレイテンシが2〜4秒となるように調整した。熱による損傷を避けるため、照射停止時間を10秒に設定した。動物には、HPMC(i.p.)+HPMC(s.c.)、HPMC(i.p.)+モルヒネ(2mg/kg、s.c.)、実施例No.1(5、10、20mg/kg、i.p.)+HPMC(s.c.)または実施例No.1(5、10、20mg/kg、i.p.)+(2mg/kg、s.c.)の二種の注射を同時に行なった。そして、投与後30分に、フリックテイルレイテンシを測定した。すべての実験は盲検法により行なった。
データは、秒単位でのテイルフリックレイテンシの平均±平均値の標準誤差(S.E.M)として表わした。用量反応曲線を描くため、データを鎮痛%にも換算した。賦形剤で治療したグループ(0鎮痛%と定義する)および停止(予め10秒に設定)(100%鎮痛と定義する)と比較することにより、個々の鎮痛の百分率を下記の式より算出した:
鎮痛%=[(試験レイテンシ−賦形剤レイテンシ)/(停止レイテンシ−賦形剤レイテンシ)]x100
[実施例No.1+モルヒネ]で治療したグループをまず二元配置分散分析法を用い、次に多重比較検定を用いて「実施例No.1+賦形剤」で治療したグループと比較した。グラフパッドプリズム、バージョン4プログラム(グラフパッドソフトウェア社製、サンディエゴ、カリフォルニア)で統計解析を行なった。統計的優位性は信頼水準95%(両側)(*p<0.05、**p<0.01、***p<0.001)とした。母集団の数は、8〜12動物/グループとした。
図3に示すように、実施例No.1はマウスのテイルフリック試験において、投与量を固定したモルヒネの鎮痛効果を増強する。
Claims (19)
- 破線(- - - - -で表わされている)が二重結合を表わす、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R1がヒドロキシである、請求項1または2に記載の化合物。
- R2が、置換または未置換のC1−4アルキルである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R 2 が、メチルまたはヒドロキシメチルである、請求項4に記載の化合物。
- R2が、C1−4アルコキシである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R 2 がメトキシである、請求項6に記載の化合物。
- R2が、ブロモまたはフルオロである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 該化合物が、下記から選ばれる、請求項1に記載の化合物。
・4−(2−(5−メチル−1−(ナフタレン−2−イル)−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(8−ヒドロキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(6−ヒドロキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(7−メトキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(7−ヒドロキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・6−ヒドロキシ−4−(2−(5−メチル−1−(ナフタレン−2−イル)−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(5,6−ジメトキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(6−メトキシナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(6−フルオロナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(6−ブロモナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(5−メチル−1−(6−メチルナフタレン−2−イル)−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(6−(ヒドロキシメチル)ナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
・4−(2−(1−(4−フルオロナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;および
・4−(2−(1−(5,6−ジヒドロキシ−5,6−ジヒドロナフタレン−2−イル)−5−メチル−1H−ピラゾール−3−イルオキシ)エチル)モルフォリン−3−オン;
またはこれらの医薬的に許容される塩、光学異性体、ジアステレオ異性体、または溶媒和化合物。 - 少なくとも一種の、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項で規定された式(1)の化合物の少なくとも一種、またはその医薬的に許容される塩、光学異性体、ジアステレオ異性体、または溶媒和物と、少なくとも一種のオピオイドまたはアヘン剤とを含んでなる、同時投与、別個の投与、または連続的な投与のための、組み合わせ物。
- Xが、塩素またはピリジニウムである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一種の、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項で規定された式(1)の化合物、またはその医薬的に許容される塩、光学異性体、ジアステレオ異性体、または溶媒和化合物の少なくとも一種と、少なくとも一種の医薬的に許容される担体、補助剤、または賦形剤とを含んでなる、医薬組成物。
- 薬剤として用いられる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項で規定された式(1)の化合物。
- 薬剤として用いられる、請求項10で規定された組み合わせ物。
- 疼痛、特に、神経因性疼痛、炎症性疼痛、または、異痛症および/または痛覚過敏を伴う他の疼痛状態の治療および/または予防に用いられる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項で規定された式(1)の化合物。
- 疼痛、特に、神経因性疼痛、炎症性疼痛、または、異痛症および/または痛覚過敏を伴う他の疼痛状態の治療および/または予防に用いられる、請求項10で規定された組み合わせ物。
- オピオイドまたはアヘン剤の鎮痛効果を増強するために用いられる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項で規定された式(1)の化合物、またはその医薬的に許容される塩、光学異性体、ジアステレオ異性体、または溶媒和化合物。
- オピオイドがモルヒネである、請求項18に記載の式(I)の化合物。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10382326.6 | 2010-12-03 | ||
| EP10382326A EP2460804A1 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2010-12-03 | 5-methyl-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)-1h-pyrazole derivatives and their use in potentiating the effect of opioid analgesics |
| PCT/EP2011/071583 WO2012072781A1 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2011-12-02 | 5-methyl-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)-1h-pyrazole derivatives and their use in potentiating the effect of opioid analgesics |
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| JP2013544270A JP2013544270A (ja) | 2013-12-12 |
| JP5860895B2 true JP5860895B2 (ja) | 2016-02-16 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8729073B2 (ja) |
| EP (2) | EP2460804A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5860895B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN103261192B (ja) |
| AR (1) | AR084505A1 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2819389A1 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2573315T3 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MX340585B (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW201305148A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2012072781A1 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2116539A1 (en) | 2008-04-25 | 2009-11-11 | Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. | 1-aryl-3-aminoalkoxy-pyrazoles as sigma ligands enhancing analgesic effects of opioids and attenuating the dependency thereof |
| EP2353591A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-10 | Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Sigma ligands for potentiating the analgesic effect of opioids and opiates in post-operative pain and attenuating the dependency thereof |
| EP2353598A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-10 | Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Sigma ligands for use in the prevention and/or treatment of postoperative pain |
| EP2388005A1 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-23 | Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Sigma ligands for the prevention and/or treatment of emesis induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy |
| EP2415471A1 (en) | 2010-08-03 | 2012-02-08 | Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Use of sigma ligands in opioid-induced hyperalgesia |
| EP2524694A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-21 | Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Use of sigma ligands in diabetes type-2 associated pain |
| EP2818166A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Laboratorios del Dr. Esteve S.A. | Use of sigma receptor ligands for the prevention and treatment of pain associated to interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) |
| CA2933511A1 (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2015-06-25 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (snris) and sigma receptor ligands combinations |
| DK3292753T3 (da) | 2016-09-12 | 2020-02-17 | Linco Food Systems As | Losningssystem og fremgangsmåde til losning af transportenheder til levende fjerkræ |
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| WO2000020005A1 (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 2000-04-13 | EGIS Gyógyszergyár Rt. | Pharmaceutical compositions containing an opiate analgesic and a synergizing substance |
| WO2006021462A1 (en) | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-02 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Sigma receptor inhibitors |
| EP1634872A1 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-15 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Pyrazole derivatives as sigma receptor inhibitors |
| EP1994032A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2008-11-26 | Laboratorios del Dr. Esteve S.A. | Pyrazole derivatives as sigma receptor inhibitors |
| EP2113501A1 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-11-04 | Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. | 5-Methyl-1-(naphthalen-2-YL)-1H-Pyrazoles useful as sigma receptor inhibitors |
-
2010
- 2010-12-03 EP EP10382326A patent/EP2460804A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-11-25 TW TW100143324A patent/TW201305148A/zh unknown
- 2011-12-02 MX MX2013006004A patent/MX340585B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2011-12-02 WO PCT/EP2011/071583 patent/WO2012072781A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-12-02 EP EP11793736.7A patent/EP2646435B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-12-02 CN CN201180058240.1A patent/CN103261192B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-02 CA CA2819389A patent/CA2819389A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-12-02 JP JP2013541368A patent/JP5860895B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-02 US US13/991,267 patent/US8729073B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-02 AR ARP110104503A patent/AR084505A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-12-02 ES ES11793736.7T patent/ES2573315T3/es active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US8729073B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 |
| EP2646435A1 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
| WO2012072781A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
| MX340585B (es) | 2016-07-15 |
| MX2013006004A (es) | 2013-07-15 |
| HK1190145A1 (zh) | 2014-06-27 |
| ES2573315T3 (es) | 2016-06-07 |
| CA2819389A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
| AR084505A1 (es) | 2013-05-22 |
| CN103261192B (zh) | 2016-08-10 |
| JP2013544270A (ja) | 2013-12-12 |
| EP2460804A1 (en) | 2012-06-06 |
| US20130303540A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
| TW201305148A (zh) | 2013-02-01 |
| EP2646435B1 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN103261192A (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
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