JP5708270B2 - Power transmission device, power reception device, and power transmission system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power transmission device, a power reception device, and a power transmission system that transmit power without being physically connected. In particular, the present invention relates to a power transmission device, a power reception device, and a power transmission system that can be used for both electrostatic field coupling type power transmission and data communication.

  In recent years, many electronic devices that perform data communication without connection have been developed. In an electronic device, unconnected data communication can be easily performed by a wireless LAN or the like. However, in consideration of data security, a communication system capable of performing data communication only when an electronic device is arranged at a predetermined location has been developed.

  For example, in the signal transmission system disclosed in Patent Document 1, the transmitting device includes a mesh-like first conductor portion and a sheet-like second conductor portion substantially parallel to each other, and a traveling wave electric field propagating in the transmitting device. Is received by an antenna of a receiving device arranged in close proximity to each other, thereby enabling data communication. As a result, the transmission device can perform data communication only with the reception devices arranged close to each other.

  On the other hand, an electrostatic field coupling type power transmission system has been developed in order to transmit power without being connected in an electronic device. For example, in the power transmission system disclosed in Patent Document 2, electromagnetic waves propagating through a sheet-like electromagnetic wave propagation device are received by a plurality of electrodes, and the received electromagnetic waves are rectified by a plurality of rectifier circuits. The output is combined to supply power to the load.

  An electrostatic field coupling type power transmission system as disclosed in Patent Document 3 is also well known. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration of a conventional power transmission system. FIG. 9A schematically shows a basic configuration of a conventional power transmission system disclosed in Patent Document 3. As shown in FIG. The power transmission system illustrated in FIG. 9A includes a power transmission device and a power reception device. The power transmission device includes a high frequency high voltage generation circuit 101, a passive electrode 102, and an active electrode 103. The power receiving device includes a load circuit 105, a passive electrode 107, and an active electrode 106. The flat electrode passive electrode 102 of the power transmission device, the active electrode 103 of the power transmission device, the active electrode 106 of the power reception device, and the passive electrode 107 of the power reception device are stacked in this order in the vertical direction of the electrodes.

  The arrows in FIG. 9A conceptually represent lines of electric force between the electrodes. Since the active electrode 103 of the power transmission device and the active electrode 106 of the power reception device are close to each other through the gap 104, the active electrode 103 of the power transmission device and the active electrode 106 of the power reception device are capacitively coupled (electrostatic field coupling). . By making each passive electrode larger than the active electrode, the passive electrode 102 of the power transmitting apparatus and the passive electrode 107 of the power receiving apparatus are capacitively coupled (electrostatic field coupling).

JP 2007-281678 A JP 2008-295176 A Special table 2009-531009

  In order to perform data communication stably, the frequency of a radio signal such as 2.4 GHz band or 950 MHz band is used. However, when both data communication and power transmission are performed at the same time, the 2.4 GHz band and 950 MHz band, which are the frequencies of the radio signal used, are much more difficult than the frequency bands of 100 kHz to several MHz which are the frequency bands of the inverter and rectifier circuit. However, the power transmission efficiency is extremely deteriorated, so that there is a problem that it cannot be put into practical use. On the other hand, when the frequency band of the radio signal is lowered in order to efficiently perform power transmission, there is a problem that the communication speed is lowered and data communication cannot be performed stably.

  On the other hand, in the conventional power transmission system disclosed in Patent Document 3, since the active electrode and the passive electrode of the power transmitting device and the power receiving device are arranged along one axis in the longitudinal direction, the relative position of each electrode Power transmission can be performed by capacitively coupling the power transmission device and the power reception device within a relatively low accuracy range. However, when the area of the active electrode of the power transmission device is made larger than the area of the active electrode of the power receiving device for the purpose of increasing the degree of freedom of the position where the electrode is arranged, the following problem occurs.

  The arrow lines in FIG. 9B conceptually represent the lines of electric force between the electrodes, and stray capacitance is generated between the active electrode 203 of the power transmission apparatus and the passive electrode 107 of the power reception apparatus. Since the area is large, the active electrode 203 of the planar power transmission device shields between the passive electrode 202 of the power transmission device and the passive electrode 107 of the power reception device, and between the passive electrode 202 of the power transmission device and the passive electrode 107 of the power reception device. Therefore, there is a problem that power transmission efficiency is reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can sufficiently detune the frequency for data communication and the frequency for power transmission to achieve data communication and power transmission with high efficiency. It is an object to provide a power transmission device, a power reception device, and a power transmission system.

In order to achieve the above object, a power transmission system according to a first invention includes a first passive electrode, a first active electrode having a higher potential than the first passive electrode, the first passive electrode, and the first passive electrode. A power transmission device including a first voltage generation circuit and a second voltage generation circuit connected between the active electrode, a second passive electrode, an area smaller than the second passive electrode , and the first A power transmission system comprising a second active electrode having a higher potential than the second passive electrode, and a power receiving device having a coupler for receiving electromagnetic waves, wherein the power transmitting device has the first active electrode meshed The first passive electrode is formed in a flat plate shape so as to be parallel to each other, and the power receiving device includes the second active electrode and the second passive electrode, and the first active electrode and Arranged parallel to the first passive electrode The frequency of the signal generated by the first voltage generation circuit is the first frequency for power transmission, and the frequency of the signal generated by the second voltage generation circuit is the first frequency. Higher than the second frequency for data communication.

  In the first invention, the power transmission device is formed so that the first active electrode is in a mesh shape and the first passive electrode is in a flat plate shape so as to be parallel to each other. Since the two passive electrodes are arranged so as to be parallel to the first active electrode and the first passive electrode of the power transmission device, the electromagnetic wave leaking from the gap portion of the mesh-shaped first active electrode is coupled with the coupler. In addition to being able to communicate data by receiving data, the first passive electrode and the second passive electrode are capacitively coupled through the gap of the first active electrode, so that the coupling is strengthened and highly efficient. It is also possible to transmit power. The frequency of the signal generated in the first voltage generation circuit is the first frequency for power transmission, and the frequency of the signal generated in the second voltage generation circuit is higher than the first frequency. Because it is the second frequency for communication, by sufficiently detuning the frequency for power transmission and the frequency for data communication, the frequency can be transmitted without interfering with each other, and data communication is performed. be able to.

  The power transmission system according to a second aspect of the present invention is the power transmission system according to the first aspect, wherein the second active electrode and the second passive electrode are formed in a flat plate shape and leak from a gap portion of the first active electrode. The emitted electromagnetic wave is received by the coupler.

  In the second aspect of the invention, data communication can be performed by receiving the electromagnetic wave leaking from the gap of the mesh-shaped first active electrode of the power transmission device by the coupler.

  In the power transmission system according to the third invention, in the first or second invention, the first frequency is 100 kHz or more and less than 15 MHz, and the second frequency is a 2.4 GHz band or a 950 MHz band. Features.

  In the third invention, the first frequency for power transmission is 100 kHz or more and less than 15 MHz, and the second frequency for data communication is the 2.4 GHz band or the 950 MHz band. Data communication.

  The power transmission system according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the power transmission system according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the first voltage generation circuit, the second voltage generation circuit, the first passive electrode, Switching means for switching to connect or disconnect with the first active electrode is provided.

  In the fourth invention, switching is performed so that the first voltage generation circuit for power transmission and the second voltage generation circuit for data communication are connected to or disconnected from the first passive electrode and the first active electrode of the power transmission device. Therefore, it is possible to switch to only power transmission, only data communication, or combined use of power transmission and data communication.

Next, in order to achieve the above object, the power transmission device according to the fifth aspect of the present invention has a first passive electrode capacitively coupled to the second passive electrode of the power receiving device, and an area smaller than the second passive electrode, In addition, a first active electrode capacitively coupled to the second active electrode of the power receiving device having a higher potential than the second passive electrode is connected between the first passive electrode and the first active electrode. A first voltage generating circuit and a second voltage generating circuit, wherein the first active electrode is in a mesh shape, and the first passive electrode is in a flat plate shape, parallel to each other. The frequency of the signal generated by the first voltage generation circuit is the first frequency for power transmission, and the frequency of the signal generated by the second voltage generation circuit is the first frequency A second frequency for data communication that is higher than the first frequency. It is characterized in.

  In the fifth invention, the first active electrode is formed in a mesh shape and the first passive electrode is formed in a flat plate shape so as to be parallel to each other, and the frequency of the signal generated in the first voltage generation circuit is The first frequency for power transmission is a second frequency for data communication in which the frequency of the signal generated by the second voltage generation circuit is higher than the first frequency. Thereby, it is possible to perform data communication by receiving the electromagnetic wave leaking from the gap portion of the mesh-shaped first active electrode by the coupler, and the first passive electrode via the gap portion of the first active electrode. The second passive electrode and the second passive electrode are capacitively coupled, so that the coupling is strengthened and the power can be transmitted with high efficiency. The frequency of the signal generated in the first voltage generation circuit is the first frequency for power transmission, and the frequency of the signal generated in the second voltage generation circuit is higher than the first frequency. Because it is the second frequency for communication, by sufficiently detuning the frequency for power transmission and the frequency for data communication, the frequency can be transmitted without interfering with each other, and data communication is performed. be able to.

Next, in order to achieve the above object, a power receiving device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention includes a second passive electrode capacitively coupled to the first passive electrode of the power transmission device, and a mesh-shaped first active electrode of the power transmission device A second active electrode that is capacitively coupled to the power transmission device and a coupler that receives electromagnetic waves from the power transmission device, and the second active electrode has a smaller area than the second passive electrode, and the second active electrode a higher potential than the passive electrode, the second passive electrode and the second active electrode is plate-shaped electrodes, arranged in parallel with the first passive electrode and the first active electrode The electromagnetic wave leaking from the gap of the first active electrode is received by the coupler.

In a sixth aspect of the present invention, the second active electrode has a coupler that receives electromagnetic waves from the power transmission device, and the second active electrode has a smaller area than the second passive electrode, and has a higher potential than the second passive electrode . The passive electrode and the second active electrode are plate-like electrodes, arranged so as to be parallel to the first passive electrode and the first active electrode, and leaked from the gap of the first active electrode. The electromagnetic wave is received by the coupler. As a result, the electromagnetic wave leaking from the gap portion of the mesh-shaped first active electrode of the power transmission device can be received by the coupler to perform data communication, and the first active electrode via the gap portion of the first active electrode. Capacitive coupling between the one passive electrode and the second passive electrode enhances the coupling, and enables power transmission with high efficiency.

  In the power transmission device, the power reception device, and the power transmission system according to the present invention, data communication can be performed by receiving electromagnetic waves leaking from the gap of the mesh-shaped first active electrode with the coupler, The first passive electrode and the second passive electrode are capacitively coupled through the gap portion of the active electrode, so that the coupling is strengthened, and power can be transmitted with high efficiency. The frequency of the signal generated in the first voltage generation circuit is the first frequency for power transmission, and the frequency of the signal generated in the second voltage generation circuit is higher than the first frequency. Because it is the second frequency for communication, by sufficiently detuning the frequency for power transmission and the frequency for data communication, the frequency can be transmitted without interfering with each other, and data communication is performed. be able to.

It is a block diagram which shows typically the structure of the electric power transmission system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power transmission system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the coupling electrode of the power transmission apparatus of the electric power transmission system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows typically the structure of the data communication part of the electric power transmission system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a graph which shows the experimental value of the electric power transmission in the electric power transmission system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power transmission system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the switching state of the electric power transmission of the electric power transmission system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, and data communication. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the switching process of the controller of the electric power transmission system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the basic composition of the conventional electric power transmission system.

  Hereinafter, a power transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a power transmission device and a power reception device used in the power transmission system will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments do not limit the invention described in the claims, and all combinations of characteristic items described in the embodiments are essential to the solution. It goes without saying that it is not limited.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the power transmission system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the power transmission device 1 of the power transmission system according to the first embodiment includes a power transmission module including at least a voltage generation circuit (first voltage generation circuit) 12, an inverter (300 kHz) 13, and a step-up transformer 14. 10 and a coupling electrode 11. The power receiving device 2 includes a power receiving module 20 including at least a step-down transformer 22, a rectifier 23, and a load circuit 24, and a coupling electrode 21.

  The voltage generation circuit 12 of the power transmission module 10 is a DC power supply, is converted into an AC voltage of 300 kHz that is a relatively low frequency by the inverter 13, and is boosted by the step-up transformer 14. The coupling electrode 11 and the coupling electrode 21 are capacitively coupled, so that the converted and boosted AC voltage is transmitted without connection. The transmitted AC voltage is stepped down by the step-down transformer 22 of the power receiving module 20, rectified by the rectifier 23, and passed to the load circuit 24.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the power transmission system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The coupling electrode 11 of the power transmission device 1 includes an active electrode (first active electrode) 11a and a passive electrode (first passive electrode) 11p. The passive electrode 11p is a flat electrode, and the active electrode 11a is a mesh. The electrodes are formed so as to be parallel to each other. The active electrode 11a has a higher potential than the passive electrode 11p.

  The coupling electrode 21 of the power receiving device 2 includes an active electrode (second active electrode) 21a and a passive electrode (second passive electrode) 21p. The passive electrode 21p and the active electrode 21a are formed as flat electrodes. The active electrode 11a and the passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 are arranged in parallel. The active electrode 21a has a higher potential than the passive electrode 21p.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the coupling electrode 11 of the power transmission device 1 of the power transmission system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 3A is a schematic plan view of the coupling electrode 11 of the power transmission device 1 viewed from the active electrode 11a side, and FIG. 3B is a diagram of the coupling electrode 11 of the power transmission device 1 shown in FIG. It is an AA schematic cross section.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 is formed as a flat electrode and the active electrode 11a is formed as a mesh electrode, and the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a are arranged in parallel to each other. It is. Here, the term “parallel” does not mean exactly parallel, but is a concept including a range in which it can be determined to be almost parallel.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the active electrode 11a has a square mesh shape, and when viewed in plan from the active electrode 11a side, a passive electrode having a flat plate shape from the gap of the mesh-like active electrode 11a. 11p is visible. The repeating unit (mesh interval) of the mesh is equal to the distance between the centers of adjacent squares.

  The gap region 131 between the active electrode 11a and the passive electrode 11p is arranged or filled with air, various dielectrics, or the like. In order to prevent a standing wave from occurring in the gap region 131, it is preferable to dispose or fill a material having a large dielectric loss, resistance loss, etc. in the signal frequency band.

  If the active electrode 11a has a flat plate shape instead of a mesh shape, the electromagnetic wave is completely confined in the gap region 131. However, in the first embodiment, since the active electrode 11a has a mesh shape, the active electrode 11a has a gap portion, and electromagnetic waves leak from the gap portion to the same height as the mesh interval. When the interval 26 between the active electrode 11a and the coupler 42 is set to be equal to or smaller than the mesh interval, electromagnetic waves leak out from the gaps of the mesh-like active electrode 11a, so that data communication is performed with the active electrode 21a of the power receiving device 2. can do.

  The repeating unit length of the mesh needs to be sufficiently shorter than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. For example, a size of λ2 / 5 or less, λ2 / 10 to λ2 / 100, λ2 / 100 to λ2 / 1000, etc. can be employed with respect to the wavelength λ2 of the electromagnetic wave. Of course, the unit length is not limited to these sizes.

  Similarly, the height (thickness) of the gap region 131 is preferably about the same as the repeating unit length of the mesh, and is preferably sufficiently shorter than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. Also, the mesh interval, shape, and the like may be different from each other or the same.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the data communication unit of the power transmission system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the power transmission device 1 of the power transmission system according to the first embodiment includes a voltage generation circuit for data communication separately from a voltage generation circuit (first voltage generation circuit) 12 for power transmission. (Second voltage generation circuit) 32 is provided. That is, the transmission module 30 includes a voltage generation circuit 32, an amplifier 33, and a coupler 34. The receiving module 40 of the power receiving apparatus 2 includes a coupler 42 that receives data, a high frequency amplifier (LNA) 43, and a voltage generation circuit 44. In the first embodiment, the couplers 34 and 42 are configured as LC resonance circuits.

  The voltage generation circuit (second voltage generation circuit) 32 of the transmission module 30 generates an AC voltage having a higher frequency than the AC voltage obtained by converting the DC voltage of the voltage generation circuit (first voltage generation circuit) 12 by the inverter 13. To do. A relatively high frequency AC voltage generated by the voltage generation circuit (second voltage generation circuit) 32 is amplified by the amplifier 33 and passed to the mesh-like coupling electrode 11 (active electrode 11a) via the coupler 34. .

  At this time, electromagnetic waves leak from the gaps of the mesh-shaped active electrode 11a, and data communication can be performed by receiving the leaked electromagnetic waves by the coupler 42 of the power receiving device 2. The electromagnetic wave received by the coupler 42 is amplified by the high frequency amplifier 43 and acquired as a data signal based on the difference from the AC voltage generated by the voltage generation circuit 44.

  1 and 2, the active electrode 11 a and the passive electrode 11 p of the power transmission device 1 are connected via a voltage generation circuit (first voltage generation circuit) 12 that generates an alternating voltage of 300 kHz and an inverter 13. ing. The active electrode 11a and the passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 are connected via a voltage generation circuit (second voltage generation circuit) 32 that generates an AC voltage of 2.4 GHz, a high-pass filter 35, and a coupler 34. Yes.

  Since the frequencies of the AC voltages generated by the two voltage generation circuits 12 and 32 are greatly different, a potential difference is generated between the active electrode 11a and the passive electrode 11p without interfering with each other. Of course, the high-pass filters 35 and 45 can sufficiently detune the data communication frequency and the power transmission frequency. The active electrode 21a of the power receiving device 2 is capacitively coupled to the active electrode 11a of the power transmitting device 1, and an AC voltage is transmitted. The transmitted AC voltage is finally passed to the load circuit 24.

  On the other hand, the electromagnetic wave leaking from the gap portion of the mesh-like active electrode 11 a of the power transmission device 1 is received by the coupler 42 of the power reception device 2 and passed to the communication device 50 via the high-pass filter 45. As described above, the voltage generation circuits 12 and 32 having greatly different frequencies of the generated AC voltage are separately provided for power transmission and data communication, and the high-pass filters 35 and 45 are sufficiently detuned. By providing this, it is possible to perform data communication without reducing the efficiency of power transmission.

  FIG. 5 is a graph showing experimental values of power transmission in the power transmission system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a graph showing the output voltage, and FIG. 5B is a graph showing the transmission efficiency.

  In FIG. 5, the mesh-like active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1 is formed as a rectangular mesh having an electrode width of 1 mm and a mesh interval of 7 mm. The passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 is formed of polypropylene as a two-dimensional communication sheet, and has a sheet size of 56 × 90 mm and a sheet thickness of 2.5 mm.

  When the electrode width is represented by W and the mesh interval is represented by P, the electrode ratio W / P is 14%. The smaller the electrode ratio W / P, the stronger the coupling between the passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 and the passive electrode 21p of the power reception device 2, but the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1 and the active electrode 21a of the power reception device 2 On the other hand, the coupling of becomes weak and has a trade-off relationship.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, according to the present invention, high-power and high-efficiency power transmission becomes possible.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to perform data communication by receiving the electromagnetic wave leaking from the gap of the mesh-like active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1 by the coupler 42 of the power reception device 2. The coupling is strengthened by capacitive coupling between the passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 and the passive electrode 21p of the power reception device 2 through the gap of the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1, and it is also possible to transmit power with high efficiency. It becomes. In addition, since the frequency of the signal generated by the voltage generation circuit 32 is higher than the frequency of the signal generated by the voltage generation circuit 12 and converted by the inverter 13, the frequency for power transmission and the frequency for data communication are sufficiently high. By detuning to, power can be transmitted without interfering with each other, and data communication can be performed.

  When the power receiving device 2 is mounted on the power transmitting device 1, the active electrode 11 a of the power transmitting device 1 and the active electrode 21 a of the power receiving device 2 come close to each other through the gap 27, so that the active electrode 11 a of the power transmitting device 1 and the power receiving device are received. The two active electrodes 21a are in close proximity and capacitively coupled. The larger the capacitance Cm between the active electrode 11a of the power transmitting device 1 and the active electrode 21a of the power receiving device 2, the higher the transmission efficiency, but it is against the downsizing of the device.

  Moreover, although capacitive coupling can be strengthened as the frequency is high, electromagnetic radiation cannot be ignored if the frequency is too high. Therefore, a low frequency having a wavelength λ1 sufficiently longer than the size d of the active electrodes 11a and 21a and the passive electrodes 11p and 21p of the power transmitting device 1 and the power receiving device 2 is used. That is, if the wavelength λ1 corresponding to the frequency used for power transmission is sufficiently long with respect to the size d of each electrode, that is, if d / λ1 << 1, the quasi-static electric field is transmitted to the power transmitting device 1 and the power receiving device. It exists only in the vicinity of the device 2 and energy is hardly radiated as an electromagnetic wave.

  Note that both the electric field and the magnetic field of the electromagnetic wave are perpendicular to the propagation direction, whereas in the power transmission using the low-frequency quasi-electrostatic field of the present invention, energy is transmitted in the same direction as the electric field.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the power transmission system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As in the first embodiment, the coupling electrode 11 of the power transmission device 1 includes an active electrode (first active electrode) 11a and a passive electrode (first passive electrode) 11p. The passive electrode 11p is a flat electrode. The active electrodes 11a are formed as mesh electrodes so as to be parallel to each other. The active electrode 11a has a higher potential than the passive electrode 11p.

  As in the first embodiment, the passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 is formed as a flat electrode and the active electrode 11a is formed as a mesh electrode, and the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a are arranged in parallel to each other. It is. Here, the term “parallel” does not mean exactly parallel, but is a concept including a range in which it can be determined to be almost parallel.

  Similarly, the active electrode 11a has a square mesh shape, and when viewed in plan from the active electrode 11a side, a flat plate-like passive electrode 11p is visible from the gap of the active electrode 11a. The repeating unit (mesh interval) of the mesh is equal to the distance between the centers of adjacent squares.

  Since the configuration of the power transmission system and the configuration of the data communication unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the first embodiment, detailed description will be omitted by attaching the same reference numerals.

  The active electrode 11a and the passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 are connected via a voltage generation circuit 12 and an inverter 13 (first voltage generation circuit) that generate an alternating voltage of 300 kHz. The active electrode 11a and the passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 are connected via a voltage generation circuit (second voltage generation circuit) 32 that generates an AC voltage of 2.4 GHz, a high-pass filter 35, and a coupler 34. Yes.

  In the second embodiment, a controller 61 is provided that functions as switching means for switching the voltage generation circuit 12, the inverter 13, and the voltage generation circuit 32 to connect or disconnect the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1. Yes. That is, the controller 61 connects or disconnects the voltage generation circuit 12 and the inverter 13 with the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1, respectively, and the voltage generation circuit 32 and the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1 with each other. Are switched to connect or disconnect.

  For example, the voltage generation circuit 12 and the inverter 13 are connected to the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1 until a predetermined time, and the voltage generation circuit 32 and the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1 are connected. Cut each one. In this case, the active electrode 11a of the power transmitting device 1 and the active electrode 21a of the power receiving device 2 are capacitively coupled by the AC voltage generated by the voltage generating circuit 12 and converted by the inverter 13 to perform power transmission. .

  Then, after a predetermined time elapses, the voltage generation circuit 12 and the inverter 13 are disconnected from the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1 and the voltage generation circuit 32 and the passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 are disconnected. The active electrode 11a is connected to each other. In this case, the coupler 42 of the power receiving device 2 receives the electromagnetic wave leaking from the gap of the mesh-like active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1 due to the AC voltage having a relatively high frequency generated by the voltage generation circuit 32, and data communication is performed. I do.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a switching state between power transmission and data communication in the power transmission system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, by switching between power transmission and data communication in a time division manner, it is possible to efficiently transmit power without interfering with each other and to perform data communication.

  That is, during the time t0 to t1, the voltage generation circuit 12 and the inverter 13 are disconnected from the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1, respectively, and the voltage generation circuit 32 and the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode of the power transmission device 1 are disconnected. 11a are connected to each other. Therefore, data communication is performed between times t0 and t1.

  Next, during time t1 to t2, the voltage generation circuit 12 and the inverter 13 are connected to the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1, respectively, and the voltage generation circuit 32 and the passive electrode 11p of the power transmission device 1 are active. Each of the electrodes 11a is cut. Therefore, power transmission is performed between times t1 and t2. Hereinafter, the controller 61 functions as switching means for switching the voltage generation circuit 12 and the inverter 13 and the voltage generation circuit 32 to be connected to or disconnected from the passive electrode 11p and the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1, so that power can be divided in time division It can be performed while switching between transmission and data communication.

  Of course, the time division is not limited to a fixed time, and the time for performing power transmission and the time for performing data communication do not need to match.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a procedure of switching processing of the controller 61 of the power transmission system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The controller 61 is a control unit including a CPU such as a microcomputer, and necessary information is acquired from a sensor, a voltmeter, or the like connected via a connection line.

  In FIG. 8, the controller 61 activates the power transmission device 1 (step S801), and determines whether or not communication with the coupler 42 of the power reception device 2 is possible (step S802). When the controller 61 determines that communication is possible (step S802: YES), the controller 61 performs power transmission depending on whether or not the voltage variation of the active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1 due to capacitive coupling is detected. It is determined whether or not it is possible (step S803).

  If the controller 61 determines that power transmission is possible (step S803: YES), the controller 61 executes both data communication and power transmission (step S804), and determines whether or not the power receiving device 2 has been removed. Judgment is made (step S805). When the controller 61 determines that the power receiving apparatus 2 has not been removed (step S805: NO), the controller 61 returns the process to step S804 and repeats the above-described process. When the controller 61 determines that the power receiving device 2 has been removed (step S805: YES), the controller 61 returns the process to step S802 and repeats the above-described process.

  When the controller 61 determines that power transmission is not possible (step S803: NO), the controller 61 performs data communication (step S806) and determines whether the power receiving apparatus 2 has been removed (step S807). ). When the controller 61 determines that the power receiving device 2 has not been removed (step S807: NO), the controller 61 returns the process to step S806 and repeats the above-described process. When the controller 61 determines that the power receiving device 2 has been removed (step S807: YES), the controller 61 returns the process to step S802 and repeats the above-described process.

  When the controller 61 determines that communication is impossible (step S802: NO), the controller 61 determines whether power transmission is possible (step S808). When the controller 61 determines that power transmission is not possible (step S808: NO), the controller 61 returns the process to step S802 and repeats the above-described process.

  When the controller 61 determines that power transmission is possible (step S808: YES), the controller 61 executes only power transmission (step S809) and determines whether the power receiving apparatus 2 has been removed (step S809). S810). When the controller 61 determines that the power receiving device 2 has not been removed (step S810: NO), the controller 61 returns the process to step S809 and repeats the above-described process. When the controller 61 determines that the power receiving device 2 has been removed (step S810: YES), the controller 61 returns the process to step S802 and repeats the above-described process.

  Since the frequencies of the AC voltages generated by the two voltage generation circuits 12 and 32 are greatly different, a potential difference is generated between the active electrode 11a and the passive electrode 11p without interfering with each other. Of course, the high-pass filters 35 and 45 can sufficiently detune the data communication frequency and the power transmission frequency. The active electrode 21a of the power receiving device 2 is capacitively coupled to the active electrode 11a of the power transmitting device 1, and an AC voltage is transmitted. The transmitted AC voltage is finally passed to the load circuit 24.

  On the other hand, the electromagnetic wave leaking from the gap portion of the mesh-like active electrode 11 a of the power transmission device 1 is received by the coupler 42 of the power reception device 2 and passed to the communication device 50 via the high-pass filter 45. As described above, the voltage generation circuits 12 and 32 having greatly different frequencies of the generated AC voltage are separately provided for power transmission and data communication, and the high-pass filters 35 and 45 are sufficiently detuned. By providing this, it is possible to perform data communication without reducing the efficiency of power transmission.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, the voltage generation circuit 12 for power transmission and the voltage generation circuit 32 for data communication, the first passive electrode 11p and the first active electrode 11a of the power transmission device 1 Therefore, it is possible to switch to only power transmission, only data communication, or combined use of power transmission and data communication.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications and substitutions are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power transmission apparatus 2 Power receiving apparatus 10 Power transmission module 11 Coupling electrode 11a Active electrode (1st active electrode)
11p passive electrode (first passive electrode)
12 Voltage generation circuit (first voltage generation circuit)
13 Inverter 14 Step-up transformer 20 Power receiving module 21 Coupling electrode 21a Active electrode (second active electrode)
21p passive electrode (second passive electrode)
22 Step-down transformer 23 Rectifier 24 Load circuit 30 Transmission module 32 Voltage generation circuit (second voltage generation circuit)
33 Amplifier 34, 42 Coupler 35, 45 High-pass filter 40 Reception module 43 High-frequency amplifier 44 Voltage generation circuit 50 Communication device 61 Controller (switching means)

Claims (6)

A first passive electrode, a first active electrode having a higher potential than the first passive electrode, a first voltage generating circuit connected between the first passive electrode and the first active electrode, and A power transmission device comprising a second voltage generation circuit;
A power comprising: a second passive electrode; a second active electrode having a smaller area than the second passive electrode and having a higher potential than the second passive electrode; and a power receiving device having a coupler that receives electromagnetic waves. A transmission system,
In the power transmission device, the first active electrode is formed in a mesh shape, and the first passive electrode is formed in a flat plate shape so as to be parallel to each other,
The power receiving device is arranged such that the second active electrode and the second passive electrode are parallel to the first active electrode and the first passive electrode,
The frequency of the signal generated in the first voltage generation circuit is the first frequency for power transmission, and the frequency of the signal generated in the second voltage generation circuit is higher than the first frequency. A power transmission system having a second frequency for data communication. The second active electrode and the second passive electrode are formed in a plate shape,
2. The power transmission system according to claim 1, wherein electromagnetic waves leaking from the gap portion of the first active electrode are received by the coupler.   3. The power transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the first frequency is 100 kHz or more and less than 15 MHz, and the second frequency is a 2.4 GHz band or a 950 MHz band.   2. A switching means for switching the first voltage generation circuit and the second voltage generation circuit, the first passive electrode, and the first active electrode to be connected or disconnected. The electric power transmission system as described in any one of thru | or 3. A first passive electrode capacitively coupled to a second passive electrode of the power receiving device;
A first active electrode capacitively coupled to a second active electrode of the power receiving device having a smaller area than the second passive electrode and having a higher potential than the second passive electrode ;
A first voltage generating circuit and a second voltage generating circuit connected between the first passive electrode and the first active electrode,
The first active electrode is formed in a mesh shape, and the first passive electrode is formed in a plate shape so as to be parallel to each other,
The frequency of the signal generated in the first voltage generation circuit is the first frequency for power transmission, and the frequency of the signal generated in the second voltage generation circuit is higher than the first frequency. A power transmission device having a second frequency for data communication. A second passive electrode capacitively coupled to the first passive electrode of the power transmission device;
A second active electrode capacitively coupled to the mesh-shaped first active electrode of the power transmission device;
A coupler for receiving electromagnetic waves from the power transmission device,
The second active electrode has a smaller area than the second passive electrode and has a higher potential than the second passive electrode,
The second passive electrode and the second active electrode are plate-like electrodes, and are arranged in parallel with the first passive electrode and the first active electrode,
An electromagnetic wave leaking from a gap portion of the first active electrode is received by the coupler.

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