JP5768391B2 - Filtration device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a filtration device for filtering various liquids to be treated. For example, liquid separation as a pre-treatment for slurry separation in a manufacturing process in various industrial fields, particularly for separation of fermentation cells and purification of glucose solution, or for pre-treatment such as water treatment or seawater treatment The present invention relates to a fluid filtration device used when removing foreign substances therein.

  In the manufacturing process of various industrial fields, when carrying out membrane separation treatment of slurry liquid, foreign substances in the liquid are removed before the membrane separation treatment step for the purpose of protecting the separation membrane and preventing clogging of the separation membrane. It is common to perform a pretreatment step. For example, in the field of foods and pharmaceuticals, membrane separation treatment using an organic membrane or an inorganic membrane is employed for separation of fermented cells, purification of glucose solution, and the like. In the liquid to be treated that is subject to membrane separation, foreign substances that may cause clogging, deterioration, or damage to the membrane are mixed in the manufacturing process or originally contained in the raw materials. It is necessary to remove foreign substances in the liquid before the operation. In addition, a pre-process for removing foreign substances derived from raw water is provided prior to the microfiltration step in water treatment for removing suspended matter from well water and the like, and for seawater treatment for removing plankton in seawater. There is a need.

  Conventionally, in order to remove the foreign matter as described above, a filter body is disposed in a cylindrical container, a liquid to be treated is introduced from one end side of the container, and the filter body is passed through, from the other end side of the container. A simple filter that takes out the filtered liquid is used. Such a filter has an advantage that it is easy to apply to manufacturing processes in various industrial fields because it has a simple configuration, is excellent in maintainability, and is provided at low cost.

  On the other hand, in the above-mentioned conventional type filter, since the foreign matter separated from the liquid to be treated adheres to the filtration surface of the filter body by continuously performing the filtration treatment and causes clogging of the filter body, the filtration treatment There is a problem that cannot continue. In such a case, the foreign matter adhering to the filtration surface is peeled off and removed by performing reverse cleaning that cleans the filter body from the side of taking out the filtered liquid to the side of introducing the liquid to be processed. Has been done. For example, in Patent Document 1, a filter is installed inside a casing, and a part surrounded by the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the filter is a pre-filter chamber, and the filter interior is a post-filter chamber. There is described a technique in which a cleaning mechanism having a straight tubular nozzle is provided in a post-filtration chamber, and high-pressure cleaning water is ejected from the cleaning mechanism toward the filter to wash away foreign matter adhering to the filter.

JP-A-6-205906

  However, in the conventional filter, the effect of recovering the filtration performance is low even if the reverse cleaning as described above is performed, and if the filter body is severely contaminated, it requires manual cleaning work, so that it takes time for cleaning. There is a problem, and in particular, it is unsuitable for filtration of a liquid to be treated, in which foreign matter tends to stick to the surface of the filter body. In addition, it is possible to make the filter body disposable and eliminate the need for cleaning work. However, there are problems with replacement work, the cost of the filter body as a consumable, and the cost of treating the used filter body as waste. There is a problem of cost such as increasing the cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and prevents foreign matter adhering to the filter surface of the filter body from causing clogging of the filter body. It is an object of the present invention to provide a filtration device that can be maintained in an automatic manner.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a casing including an inlet for introducing a liquid to be processed, an outlet for discharging a processed liquid obtained by filtering the liquid to be processed, and an inside of the casing. A filter body mounted inside the casing so as to partition into a first chamber in which the inflow port is located and a second chamber in which the outflow port is located, and a gas is ejected to the filter body, thereby Provided is a filtration device comprising a vibration mechanism for vibrating a filter body (Invention 1).

  According to the above invention (Invention 1), when the filtration device performs the filtration treatment operation, the vibration mechanism ejects gas to the filter body to vibrate the filter body, thereby separating the liquid to be treated by the filter body. Since the separation object such as the foreign matter is prevented from adhering to the filtration surface of the filter body, the separation object such as the foreign object can be prevented from clogging the filter body. In the present application, the processed liquid that has been subjected to the filtration process refers to a liquid after the liquid to be processed is filtered by passing through the filter body and the separation target such as a foreign substance is separated.

  In the said invention (invention 1), it is preferable that the said filter body is formed with the flexible filter medium (invention 2).

  According to the said invention (invention 2), when a vibration mechanism spouts gas with respect to a filter body, it can make a filter body easy to vibrate.

  In the said invention (invention 1 and 2), it is preferable that the said vibration mechanism ejects gas with respect to the said 2nd chamber side filtration surface of the said filter body (invention 3).

  According to the above invention (Invention 3), when the filtration device performs the reverse cleaning operation, the gas is ejected to the second chamber side filtration surface of the filter body, so that the liquid is discharged by the pressure of the gas. Since it can be made to flow backward from the two-chamber side to the first-chamber side, a separation object such as a foreign substance adhering to the filtration surface of the filter body 3 can be peeled off and removed.

  In the said invention (invention 1-3), it is preferable that the said casing is further provided with the discharge port which discharges | emits the waste liquid containing the separation target object isolate | separated from the said to-be-processed liquid with the said filter body (invention 4).

  According to the above invention (invention 4), the waste liquid containing the separation object such as the foreign matter separated from the liquid to be treated by the filter body can be discharged outside the casing even during the filtration treatment operation. There is no need to temporarily stop the filtration operation to discharge the separation object, and the filtration operation can be continuously performed.

  In the said invention (invention 4), it is preferable that the said filter body is a cloth body which upper part opened and the lower part was connected to the said discharge port (invention 5). Moreover, in the said invention (invention 5), it is preferable that the said filter body is a cloth body of an inverted truncated cone shape (invention 6).

  In the above inventions (Inventions 5 and 6), the vibration mechanism includes a gas introduction pipe and a gas ejection port connected to the gas introduction pipe and provided with a gas ejection hole for ejecting the gas introduced from the gas introduction pipe. It is preferable that the gas ejection pipe is installed so as to surround the vicinity of the discharge port (Invention 7).

  According to the above invention (Invention 7), when the filtration device performs the filtration treatment operation, when the gas introduced from the gas introduction pipe is ejected from the gas ejection hole of the gas ejection pipe, the bubbles are passed through the liquid in the first of the filter body. Since it rises along the two-chamber side filtration surface and surrounds the entire surface of the second chamber-side filtration surface, the filter body can be vibrated effectively.

  In the said invention (invention 1-7), the said inflow port introduce | transduces the said to-be-processed liquid so that the to-be-processed liquid may be swirled and swirled along the said 1st chamber side filtration surface of the said filter body. It is preferable (Invention 8).

  According to the above invention (Invention 8), the separation object such as the foreign matter separated from the liquid to be treated by the filter body is swirled in a spiral shape along the first chamber side filtration surface of the filter body. Since it gradually accumulates on the lower surface of the filter body as it rides, it is possible to suppress the separation object such as the separated foreign matter from adhering to the first chamber side filtration surface of the filter body, and to be treated liquid The waste liquid containing a large amount of separation objects such as foreign matter separated from can be easily discharged from the lower part of the filter body.

  According to the filtration device of the present invention, it is possible to prevent foreign matter adhering to the filtration surface of the filter body from causing clogging of the filter body, and to maintain the filtration performance effectively even if the filtration process is continuously performed. it can.

It is a front fragmentary sectional view which shows the filtration apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows a state when the filtration apparatus exists at the time of filtration processing operation. It is the schematic which shows a state when the filtration apparatus exists at the time of back washing operation.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a filtration device 1 according to this embodiment includes a casing 2 in which a filter body 3 is mounted, a liquid inflow pipe 4 to be treated, a liquid outflow pipe 5 that has been treated, a discharge pipe 6, and gas introduction. A tube 7 is connected and configured.

  The casing 2 includes a bottomed cylindrical container body 21 having an open top, and a container lid portion 22 attached to the container body 21 so as to close the upper opening of the container body 21. An exhaust port 23 through which the gas in the casing 2 can be discharged is provided at the top of the container lid portion 22. A drain pipe 24 having an opening / closing valve 25 is provided at the bottom of the container body 21 so that the liquid in the casing 2 can be discharged as necessary.

  The filter body 3 is an inverted frustoconical cloth formed using a flexible filter medium. Examples of the raw material of the filter medium used for the filter body 3 include non-woven fabrics or woven fabrics using chemical fibers made of organic synthetic products such as nylon and polyester, natural fibers such as cotton, and the like. Both the upper end and lower end of the filter body 3 are open. The mesh of the filter medium used for the filter body 3 is appropriately selected according to the object to be filtered.

  The filter body 3 is mounted inside the casing 2 by attaching the upper end portion of the filter body 3 to an annular mounting member 31 provided along the upper inner wall of the container body 21 of the casing 2. The annular mounting member 31 has a structure that can be attached to and detached from the upper inner wall of the container body 21. In addition, a cylindrical protective screen 33 is attached to the attachment member 31 so as to protect the filter body 3 from breakage in a vertically downward direction from the attachment member 3 so as to surround the filter body 3.

  Further, a connection member 32 is attached to the lower end of the filter body 3, and the connection member 32 is detachably connected to the discharge port 62 of the discharge pipe 6. The connecting member 32 does not come off from the discharge pipe 6 when supplying the liquid to be treated into the filter body 3 and swirling and flowing while the connection member 32 is connected to the discharge pipe 6. 21 has a structure in which a hand can be put into the filter body 3 from the upper part and can be detached from the discharge pipe 6.

  By mounting the filter body 3 inside the casing 2 in this way, the inside of the casing 2 is partitioned into a first chamber 2A and a second chamber 2B by the filter body 3. In addition, the filter body 3 can be removed by removing the attachment member 31 from the upper inner wall of the container body 21 and removing the connection member 32 from the discharge pipe 6 after removing the container lid portion 22 of the casing 2 from the container body 21. It can be taken out of the casing 2 from the upper opening of the main body 21.

  The liquid to be treated inflow pipe 4 introduces the liquid to be treated into the casing 2, and is connected to the casing 2 at the upper part of the container body 21 of the casing 2. An inflow valve 41 for controlling the inflow of the liquid to be processed into the casing 2 is provided in the middle of the liquid inflow pipe 4 to be processed. When the inflow valve 41 is opened, the liquid to be processed flows into the casing 2. By closing 41, inflow is blocked.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the liquid inlet pipe 4 to be processed is connected to the upper side of the attachment member 31 provided on the upper inner wall of the container body 21, and the inlet 42 of the liquid inlet pipe 4 to be processed is While located in one chamber 2A, it opens toward the tangential direction of the filter body 3 in a plan view. In this way, when the liquid to be treated is discharged from the liquid inlet pipe 4 to be processed into the casing 2 by connecting the liquid inlet pipe 4 to the casing 2 and opening the inlet 42, the liquid to be processed is discharged. It can be swirled in a spiral shape along the filtration surface inside the filter body 3.

  The processed liquid outflow pipe 5 discharges the processed liquid obtained by filtering the liquid to be processed from the casing 2, and is connected to the casing 2 at the upper part of the container body 21 of the casing 2. An outflow valve 51 for controlling the outflow of the processed liquid from the casing 2 is provided in the middle of the processed liquid outflow pipe 5. When the outflow valve 51 is opened, the processed liquid flows out of the casing 2, and the outflow valve By closing 51, the outflow is blocked.

  In the present embodiment, the processed liquid outflow pipe 5 is connected to a lower side than the attachment member 31 provided on the upper inner wall of the container body 21. By connecting the processed liquid outflow pipe 5 to the casing 2 in this way, the outflow port 52 of the processed liquid outflow pipe 5 is located in the second chamber 2B.

  Due to the structure of the filter body 3, the liquid inlet pipe 4 to be processed, and the liquid outlet pipe 5 to be processed, the liquid to be processed flowing into the casing 2 from the liquid inlet pipe 4 to be processed is filtered by the filter body 3. The filtering device 1 can be provided with a filtering function of allowing the filtered liquid to flow out of the casing 2 from the processed liquid outflow pipe 5. Separation objects such as foreign matters separated from the liquid to be treated by the filter body 3 gradually get on the swirl flow generated in a spiral shape along the filtration surface of the filter body 3 on the first chamber 2A side. 3 accumulates on the lower surface.

  A first pressure gauge 9A for measuring the pressure in the first chamber 2A of the casing 2 partitioned by the filter body 3 is provided on the upper portion of the container lid portion 22 of the casing 2, and the second chamber 2B A second pressure gauge 9 </ b> B for measuring pressure is provided on the abdomen of the container body 21 of the casing 2. By using the first pressure gauge 9A and the second pressure gauge 9B, the differential pressure between the first chamber 2A and the second chamber 2B can be measured. By measuring the differential pressure in this way, the filter 3 It is possible to check the clogging state of the filtration surface. That is, when there is no or small differential pressure, it means that the liquid passes through the filter body 3 smoothly. Therefore, it can be determined that there is almost no influence of foreign matter or the like on the filtration surface. On the other hand, since the fact that the differential pressure is large means that the passage of the liquid filter 3 has started to stagnate, it can be determined that foreign matter or the like is attached to the filtration surface.

  The discharge pipe 6 discharges waste liquid containing separation objects such as foreign matters separated from the liquid to be treated by the filter body 3 from the casing 2, and is connected to the casing 2 at substantially the center of the bottom of the container body 21 of the casing 2. Has been. In the middle of the discharge pipe 6, a discharge valve 61 is provided for controlling the discharge of the waste liquid containing the separation object such as a foreign substance from the casing 2, and when the discharge valve 61 is opened, the waste liquid containing the separation target object such as a foreign substance is provided. Is discharged from the casing 2, and the discharge is blocked by closing the discharge valve 61.

  A portion of the discharge pipe 6 is located inside the casing 2 and extends downward in the vertical direction from the inside of the casing 2 to the outside of the casing 2. The discharge pipe 6 extends under the container body 21 while changing its direction in the horizontal direction. As described above, the filter body 3 is connected to the discharge port 62 of the discharge pipe 6 via the connection member 32. By connecting the discharge pipe 6 to the casing 2 and the filter body 3 in this way, waste liquid containing separation objects such as foreign matters separated from the liquid to be treated by the filter body 3 can be discharged from the discharge pipe 6.

  The gas introduction pipe 7 introduces the gas supplied to the inside of the casing 2 from the outside of the casing 2. The gas introduction pipe 7 is connected to the casing 2 at the lower part of the container body 21 of the casing 2 and extends to the inside of the container body 21 as it is. . A gas introduction valve 71 for controlling the supply of gas to the casing 2 is provided in the middle of the gas introduction pipe 7. When the gas introduction valve 71 is opened, the gas is supplied to the casing 2 and the gas introduction valve 71 is closed. By doing so, the supply is cut off.

  An annular gas ejection pipe 8 is connected to the end of the gas introduction pipe 7 located inside the container body 21, and the gas ejection pipe 8 is installed so as to surround the vicinity of the discharge port 62 of the discharge pipe 6. . The gas ejection pipe 8 is formed with a plurality of gas ejection holes 81 through which gas is ejected toward the second chamber 2B side filtration surface of the filter body 3. By installing the gas ejection pipe 8 in which the plurality of gas ejection holes 81 are formed in this way, when the gas is ejected to the filter body 3 during the filtration processing operation of the filtration device 1, the bubbles are filtered through the liquid. In order to continue to vibrate the filter body 3 as it rises along the body 3, the separation object such as the separated foreign matter is prevented from adhering to the filtration surface of the filter body 3, and further the separation object such as the foreign object Can prevent the filter body 3 from being clogged. In addition, during the reverse cleaning operation of the filtration device 1, when gas is ejected to the filter body 3, the liquid flows back the filter body 3 from the second chamber 2B side to the first chamber 2A side due to the pressure of the gas. Separation objects such as foreign matters adhered to the filtration surface of the filter body 3 can be peeled off and removed.

[Filtering operation]
When performing the filtration processing operation using the filtration device 1 configured as described above, it is performed as follows. First, with the exhaust port 23 open, the outflow valve 51, the exhaust valve 61 and the gas introduction valve 71 are closed, and only the inflow valve 41 is opened to introduce the liquid to be processed into the casing 2 from the liquid to be processed introduction pipe 4. The filtration process is started. When the liquid to be processed is filled in the container body 21 and the exhaust port 16 is closed before the liquid to be processed is ejected from the exhaust port 23, the filtration device 1 starts the filtration operation.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the outflow valve 51, the discharge valve 61, and the gas introduction valve 71 are opened, and the filtration device 1 enters a stable operation state. At this time, in the casing 2, a spiral swirl flow is generated along the filtration surface inside the filter body 3.

  When the outflow valve 51 is opened, the processed liquid that has been filtered through the filter body 3 is discharged to the outside of the filtration device 1 through the processed liquid outflow pipe 5. Separation objects such as foreign matters that cannot pass through the filter body 3 stay on the first chamber 2A-side filtration surface of the filter body 3.

  When the discharge valve 61 is opened, the separation objects such as foreign matters gradually accumulated on the lower surface of the filter body 3 riding on the swirling flow generated in a spiral shape pass through the discharge pipe 6 to the outside of the filtration device 1. Discharged.

  When the gas introduction valve 71 is opened, the gas is supplied to the gas ejection pipe 8 through the gas introduction pipe 7, and the second chamber 2 </ b> B side filtration of the filter body 3 from the plurality of gas ejection holes 81 provided in the gas ejection pipe 8. Gas blows out against the surface. As a result, the ejected gas is bubbled in the liquid and the bubbles continue to rise in the liquid along the filter body 3 to continuously vibrate the filter body 3, so that the separated object such as the separated foreign matter is filtered. It suppresses adhering to the 1st chamber 2A side filtration surface of the body 3, and also suppresses that separation objects, such as a foreign material, cause clogging of the filter body 3. FIG.

  As described above, according to the filtration device 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress separation objects such as foreign matters from adhering to the filtration surface of the filter body 3, so that separation objects such as foreign matters are filtered bodies. 3 can be prevented from causing clogging.

[Backwash operation]
When performing the back washing operation using the filtration device 1, it is carried out as follows. Here, reverse cleaning refers to washing the filter by flowing a liquid in a direction opposite to the direction in which the liquid is flowed in order to perform original filtration. In the filtration device 1 according to the present embodiment, as described above, a mechanism that prevents the separation object such as the separated foreign matter from adhering to the filtration surface of the filter body 3 is employed, but continuously. Even if the filtration treatment is performed, it is difficult to maintain the filtration performance completely, and the filtration performance deteriorates with time. Therefore, in order to recover the reduced filtration performance, it is necessary to perform a reverse cleaning operation.

  The reverse cleaning operation may be performed periodically when a predetermined time has elapsed by managing the filtration processing operation time, and the differential pressure between the first pressure gauge 9A and the second pressure gauge 9B is managed. Then, it may be performed each time the differential pressure exceeds a predetermined magnitude, or a combination of both may be performed.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3, the inflow valve 41 and the outflow valve 51 are closed to stop the filtration operation, and the piping is switched so that the discharge pipe 6 is responsible for the discharge of the washing waste water. If the discharge valve 61 and the gas introduction valve 71 are kept open in this state, the liquid in the casing 2 flows out from the discharge pipe 6 and the second chamber 2B side of the filter body 3 from the gas ejection pipe 8 Gas is ejected to the filtration surface, and the liquid in the casing 2 starts to flow backward from the outside of the filter body 3 to the inside by the pressure of the gas. As a result, separation objects such as foreign matters attached to the inner filtration surface of the filter body 3 are peeled off and removed by the force of the liquid that has flowed backward. Here, since the gas is bubbled in the liquid and cannot pass through the filter body 3, only the liquid passes through the filter body 3 and flows from the second chamber 2B side to the first chamber 2A side.

  Normally, by performing a reverse cleaning operation, separation objects such as foreign matters attached to the filtration surface of the filter body 3 are peeled off and removed, and the reduced filtration performance can be recovered. When the cleaning of 3 is not possible, a step of cleaning the first chamber 2A side filtration surface of the filter body 3 by introducing cleaning water from the discharge pipe 6 may be added. In that case, the process which jets gas with respect to the 2nd chamber 2B side filtration surface of the filter body 3 from the gas ejection pipe 8, and gives the vibration to the filter body 3 may be used together. Moreover, it is also possible to remove the filter body 3 from the filter device 1 and wash it as necessary.

  Thus, according to the filtration device 1 according to the present embodiment, even if a separation object such as a foreign substance adheres to the filtration surface of the filter body 3, the reverse cleaning operation can be performed as appropriate, and thus the reduced filtration performance. Can be recovered.

  The embodiment described above is described for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and is not described for limiting the present invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment is intended to include all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.

  According to the filtration device 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to efficiently remove separation objects such as foreign matters in the liquid to be treated with a simple configuration, and to continuously separate the separated separation objects such as foreign matters. Can be discharged. Further, the reduced filtration performance can be recovered by performing the back washing operation between the filtration treatment operations, and the filtration performance can be maintained even when the operation is continuously performed.

  The filtration device 1 according to the present embodiment removes foreign matters in the liquid as a pretreatment of the membrane separation process of slurry liquid in manufacturing processes of various industrial fields, particularly the separation of fermentation cells and the purification of glucose liquid. Since it can be easily incorporated in the previous stage of the membrane separation process, it is extremely useful industrially as a filtration device used for removal.

  In addition, by suitably selecting the mesh of the filter medium used for the filter body 3, it becomes possible to remove particles having a specific particle diameter or larger, and remove suspended matter from well water or the like with relatively little foreign matter mixed therein. In water treatment, seawater treatment for removing plankton in seawater, and the like, it can be easily and inexpensively incorporated in the previous stage of the microfiltration process, which greatly improves workability.

  Furthermore, since the lifetime of an expensive filter membrane or a safety filter can be extended and waste can be reduced by using the filtration device 1 in the pre-process of the step using the microfiltration device, the filtration device according to the present embodiment. 1 has a high effect from the viewpoint of environmental conservation.

  The present invention is useful for continuously filtering various liquids.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Filtration apparatus 2 ... Casing 21 ... Container main body 22 ... Container lid part 23 ... Exhaust port 24 ... Drain pipe 25 ... Opening / closing valve 2A ... First chamber 2B ... Second chamber 3 ... Filter body 31 ... Mounting member 32 ... Connection member 33 ... Protective screen 4 ... Processed liquid inflow pipe 41 ... Inflow valve 42 ... Inlet 5 ... Processed liquid outflow pipe 51 ... Outlet valve 52 ... Outlet 6 ... Drain pipe 61 ... Drain valve 62 ... Drain port 7 ... Gas introduction Pipe 71 ... Gas introduction valve 8 ... Gas ejection pipe 81 ... Gas ejection hole 9A ... First pressure gauge 9B ... Second pressure gauge

Claims (4)

A casing provided with an inlet for introducing the liquid to be treated, and an outlet for discharging the treated liquid obtained by filtering the liquid to be treated;
A filter body mounted inside the casing so as to divide the inside of the casing into a first chamber in which the inflow port is located and a second chamber in which the outflow port is located;
And a vibration mechanism for ejecting gas to the filter body and thus vibrating the filter body,
The filter body is a cloth body formed using a flexible filter medium, and has an inverted truncated cone shape in which an upper part is opened and a lower part is connected to the discharge port,
The casing includes a discharge port for discharging a waste liquid containing a separation target separated from the liquid to be treated by the filter body so that the discharge port is located on the first chamber side of the casing,
The vibration mechanism includes a gas introduction pipe, and a gas ejection pipe connected to the gas introduction pipe and provided with a gas ejection hole for ejecting the gas introduced from the gas introduction pipe,
The gas ejection pipe is installed in the vicinity of the discharge port so that bubbles ejected from the gas ejection hole rise in the liquid along the second chamber-side filtration surface of the filter body,
The vibration device is operated during a filtration process.   The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration mechanism is also operated during reverse cleaning. The filtration device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the gas ejection pipe is installed so as to surround the vicinity of the discharge port. The inflow port introduces the liquid to be treated so that the liquid to be treated is swirled in a spiral shape along the first chamber-side filtration surface of the filter body. filtration apparatus according to any one of 3.

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