JP5642332B2 - Chest compression signal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

Display unit comprising input means for an oscillating signal (having an amplitude and a frequency, i.e. chest compression signal from a CPR session), a first indicator adapted to be activated when the amplitude reaches a maximum value, a second indicator adapted to be activated when the amplitude reaches a minimum value, a third indicator adapted to be activated partially or fully depending on amplitude, a fourth indicator adapted to be activated by a secondary signal derived from the input signal's frequency and a fifth indicator adapted to be activated when there is no input signal during a predetermined period of time. The first and the second indicators have different states (brightness) depending on the number of occurrences of a maximum respectively minimum amplitude over a period of time. The fourth indicator comprises a central zone adapted to be activated when the signal's frequency lies within a maximum and minimum value and two sides zones activated when the signal frequency exceeds the maximum and minimum value, respectively.

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device for displaying characteristics of an oscillation signal (having an amplitude and a frequency). The display device has a minimum amplitude value when the amplitude of the oscillation signal reaches a maximum value. At least one indicator configured to be activated at least one of when reached.

  The present invention relates to a system and apparatus configured to measure, record and feed back the skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed on a patient with cardiac arrest or a training model.

  Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a medical procedure performed as a life-saving first aid in the event of sudden cardiac arrest. This medical procedure consists of chest compressions and ventilation. Recent publications have pointed out a number of problems with the current state of CPR performed by experts.

  Non-Patent Document 1 states that even trained emergency care (EMS) personnel are difficult to ventilate properly. Even after retraining, the 2000 Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Treatment issued by The American Heart Association in cooperation with the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation ”( Compared to “Guidelines 2000 for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care” (Non-Patent Document 2); hereinafter referred to as “Guidelines”), the ventilation rate is still too high.

  Another issue in Non-Patent Document 3 is that even when a trained emergency medical worker performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation, only 50% of the time in the field has been compressed or ventilated, i.e., no interference time or It has been pointed out that the inactivity time is too long.

  Vol. 293, No. 1, published by the American Medical Association (JAMA), published on January 19, 2005. In two papers (Non-Patent Documents 4 and 5) published in No. 3, the non-interference time is too long, the correct compression depth is not reached, the compression speed is too low or too high, and hyperventilation frequently occurs It is concluded that

  The CPR device is described in Patent Document 1. This device is intended only for compression. The device continuously measures using an accelerometer and a gyroscope. In other words, if the rescuer does not weaken the pressure applied to the patient's chest between the compressions, the measurement error will gradually accumulate.

  In addition, there is a simpler CPR auxiliary device that performs feedback based on force and time. One such device is CPREzy from Medteq Innovations Pty. Ltd.

  Some CPR assist devices are part of an automatic external defibrillator (AED) or manual defibrillator. One such device is the CPR-D padz®, which is part of AEDPlus from Zoll Medical Corporation. This device is intended for compression only and provides voice feedback such as voice instructions and metronome, as well as visual feedback in the form of numbers displayed on the AED screen.

  For emergency medical systems (EMS) that already have a fully functioning AED / defibrillator system, acquiring a new defibrillator with a CPR assist device may not be an option. . In the case of such an EMS system, a single solution for CPR measurement and feedback would rather be considered.

  None of these systems and devices provide feedback on both compression and ventilation activity, and no feedback on inactivity or incomplete hand release and leaning throughout the CPR procedure . These problems are considered to be very important in improving the performance of CPR and thus the survival rate.

  Another problem with known systems such as Azplus from Zor is that it is relatively expensive, large and complex, and therefore cannot be made available to the general rescuer at all times.

  An apparatus configured for a general rescuer is described in Patent Document 2. The force-sensitive device described in Patent Document 2 is a device that emits an audio signal to assist a rescuer, and more specifically, a device that is disposed between a person performing chest compressions and a patient's chest. More specifically, the device which is the subject of Patent Document 2 emits a sound when chest compression is performed with a force exceeding a predetermined value, and selectively displays a sound indicating a desirable chest compression speed. It is configured to emit. This does not depend on the battery, and is thus implemented as an inexpensive and small device that can always be used, or in the form of using a battery with very low power consumption.

  In practice, it has been found that audio signals can be difficult to hear, in some cases, especially in an emergency. Further, the feedback of the conventional feedback device often interferes with other events and information at the rescue site, and the rescuer often feels uncomfortable and disturbing in a stressed situation.

  Also, more accurate criteria may be needed for feedback to the user. For example, if the force applied is too strong, it can hurt the patient. In such a case, a device that is energy efficient, small in size, and capable of providing high quality CPR feedback is required. High quality feedback is provided in a form that is reliable and can be sensed by the rescuer in any situation.

US Pat. No. 6,390,996 “CPR Check Compression Monitor” specification (Halperin et al.) EP 1578340 (Laerdal Medical AS) European Patent No. 1057451 (Laerdal Medical AS) Aufderheide et al, “Hyperventilation-Induced Hypotension During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation”, Circulation. 2004; 109 “Guidelines 2000 for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care”, published by The American Heart Association in collaboration with International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation van Alem, Sanou and Koster, “Interruption of Resuscitation With the Use of the Automated External Defibrillator in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest”, Annals of emergency medicine 42: 4 (October 2003) Abella et.al., “Quality of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation During In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest”, Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA), January 19 2005, Vol 293, No. 3 Wik et.al., “Quality of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation During Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest”, Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA), January 19 2005, Vol 293, No. 3

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a display device that can be used in a system for providing feedback on chest compressions in CPR. The system can be a stand-alone device, can be used by a rescuer with minimal training, and is carefully, positively and intuitively easily perceived and understood in any environment and surroundings Provide useful feedback.

  The object of the invention is achieved by the claims.

  A system for providing feedback on chest compression in cardiopulmonary resuscitation includes a measuring device, a processing device, and a display device, and the measuring device includes at least one of a depth measuring device and a force measuring device, and the processing device includes: Including at least one of a depth signal device and a force signal device and a threshold device, and configured to output a signal corresponding to at least one of the depth signal and the force signal with respect to the threshold value, and the display device is at least It includes an indicator and is configured to activate the indicator based on the output from the processing device.

  The depth measuring device may be any device that can accurately measure the depth of each compression. In one embodiment, the depth measurement device is an accelerometer. The depth signal is obtained by integrating the signal from the accelerometer twice. The depth can be calculated from the acceleration signal by the processing device. The number of accelerometers can be one, two, or many, each accelerometer providing a reference signal as a uniaxial or biaxial accelerometer, at least one of measuring movement in various directions, such as preferred compression Enables measurement of direction and movement perpendicular to it. The accelerometer may be placed inside or outside the device. In one embodiment, the system comprises only one accelerometer.

  The force measuring device may be any device that can measure the pressing force applied to the patient. In one embodiment, the force measuring device is a pressure sensitive film.

  An example of a depth measuring device and a force measuring device is described in Patent Document 3.

  The signal from the force measuring device may be used in combination with the signal from the depth measuring device, or the depth or force measurement may be used alone. While the correct compression depth is specified or recommended in current international guidelines, the additional information provided by force measurements can further ensure the quality of CPR. The combination of depth measurements and force measurements will give you more flexibility in use, and will be able to cope with new guidelines and new knowledge as a result of future research, for example. become. For example, the force required to achieve the same compression depth varies from patient to patient. That is, it may be more efficient to measure the compression force, or it may be preferable to measure the compression depth. The depth value when the patient is on a moving vehicle may not be relied upon, and in such cases, force measurements are more effective.

  The system may be implemented in a rigid and water resistant housing to provide a rugged device.

  The system may include at least one of a ventilation measurement device and a ventilation signal device for measuring and providing feedback on the patient's ventilation characteristics. The ventilation measurement device can be any device as long as it can measure at least one of the volume, flow rate, and frequency of ventilation.

  The processing device is configured to process a chest compression signal and comprises a depth signal device, a force signal device, and a threshold device.

  The threshold device includes thresholds such as upper and lower thresholds. The processing device is configured to output a signal according to the value of the depth signal and the force signal with respect to the threshold value.

  The processing device may be integrated with the system, for example, included in a device constituting the system, or a part or all of the processing device may be an external device. The processing device may be part of a defibrillator processing device, for example, or may be configured to cooperate or share resources with a defibrillator, particularly an AED.

  The threshold value is a value used for comparison with the values of the depth signal and the force signal. The threshold value may be programmed in advance in the processing device and may be provided in the processing device or stored in a storage device connected to the processing device, or may be input from an external source. When the threshold value is input to the processing device, the processing device is provided with an input means for receiving the threshold value and other input values. The processing device can also be configured to define or change the threshold based on the measurement results from the measurement device, for example, the amplitude of the force signal or depth signal.

  In one embodiment, the first upper threshold is a maximum force value or a maximum depth value. Since the compression depth is defined in the current international guidelines, the first upper threshold value is almost always the maximum value corresponding to the maximum compression depth recommended by the guideline. In order to prevent injury to the patient, or when the guideline is changed and the maximum value of the force is specified, the upper threshold value may correspond to the recommended maximum compression force.

  In another embodiment, the second upper threshold is the minimum force value. This represents, for example, the minimum force that can be applied to the patient's chest without interfering with blood circulation. This is often defined as “leaning” or “incomplete release” because the rescuer often leans over the patient and does not fully relax the pressure on the chest. This can prevent blood from flowing back to the heart and causing poor circulation. Therefore, it is important to give feedback on whether the rescuer is not releasing enough pressure.

  In one embodiment, the threshold device also comprises a ventilation threshold device, and thus includes thresholds for ventilation, such as ventilation rate, volume, flow rate, and the like.

  The storage device can be any type of storage device as long as it is a device for storing data, such as a semiconductor storage device, a capacitor, a magnetic memory, and an optical memory. In one embodiment, the storage device is provided in a power supply. The storage device can be replaceable and updatable so that stored values can be changed. The storage device may be dedicated to storing threshold values, or may store other data used for other processing and software for the processing device. For example, historical data can be stored in a storage device so that cardiopulmonary resuscitation sessions can be evaluated, including the number of instantaneous or cumulative compressions, recommended compression depths, or other thresholds. Simple data such as frequency numbers or relatively complex data such as complete or partial compression force / depth curves can be recorded and stored.

  The system may include a power supply device that supplies power to the measurement device, the display device, and the processing device. The power supply can be included in the processing device. The power supply device may be an internal device as an integral part or a detachable part of at least one of the system and the processing device. The power supply device may be an external power supply, and the system / processing device may be, for example, a hospital power supply, an ambulance power supply, You may comprise so that it may connect with power supply apparatuses, such as a fibrillator, a human body model for CPR, or a laptop computer.

  In one embodiment, the system or the processing apparatus includes a compartment for inserting at least one of a power supply device and a connection unit connected to the power supply device. The power supply may be a replaceable device such as a battery (rechargeable or non-rechargeable), or the system or processing device may be connected to the mains power supply or to an external power supply such as a hospital power supply or ambulance power supply as described above. It is good also as a connector comprised so.

  If the storage device is included in the power supply, the storage device is replaced by changing the power supply. This is useful for tracing the update process of system software and thresholds. For example, it is possible to change the color of the wiring of the power supply device for each different storage means or threshold. That is, when the threshold needs to be updated, the agent or manufacturer may instruct the user to update the system / processing device by changing the power supply device. This is relevant, for example, when there are changes to international guidelines on CPR (American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines on CPR and European Resuscitation Council (ERC) guidelines on resuscitation).

  The depth signal device and the force signal device include signals representing the compression depth and the compression force. These signals are provided in one embodiment from the depth measurement device and force measurement device of the measurement device.

  The processing device may further be capable of processing the signals of the depth signal device and the force signal device. The process results in other characteristics of the CPR, such as patient chest stiffness, compression frequency, and the oscillating compression force / depth signal curve shape. As described above, the calculation of the depth obtained from the accelerometer signal is performed by the processing unit. This process may be accompanied by filtering of the compression force signal or depth signal to make the image of the CPR session clearer.

  Since it is important for the rescuer to obtain information about the compressions they are performing in real time, the processing of the measurement signal must ensure real time feedback. Since the processing itself takes time, it can be said that a measurement value that does not require processing or requires very little processing is most suitable for feedback. Alternatively, a real-time measurement signal closer to real time can be achieved by using such measurement values for processing and compensating for the time used for processing.

  As described above, the combination of depth and force measurements provides flexibility in use and the ability to accommodate new guidelines and new knowledge. Current guidelines focus on the depth of pressure, but may change in the near future. For example, as a result of new research, the recommended depth may change depending on the stiffness of the chest, and new guidelines for children may be created.

  In one embodiment, the compression force measured when the compression depth is within the recommended depth threshold (according to the guidelines) is registered by the processing device and provides a force measurement from the processing device to Feedback is provided to the user in the form of alerting the user if the measured value has changed significantly. This ensures that patient movement in the compression direction (i.e., substantially vertical movement) does not affect the measured values and that false alarms are not issued. Further, it may be confirmed that the hardness of the patient's chest is not changed by regularly checking the relationship between the depth and the force. The processor may recognize patient movement by analysis of depth signals or accelerometer signals (eg during transport to an ambulance) and switch to only measure force until there is no patient movement. Once the patient is out of motion, the depth measurement can be continued or resumed.

  In another embodiment, force measurements are used for the first few compressions, eg, to initiate or initialize depth calculations, and then switch to acceleration or depth measurements. The force measurement can then be used as a zero point indicator during further measurements or processing, i.e. as an indicator that compression has been released.

  As described above, the processing device may be configured to define or change the threshold value based on the measurement result from the measurement device, for example, the amplitude of the force signal or the depth signal. For example, when the upper threshold value of the force is 50 kg and 50 kg is measured, the processing apparatus sets the depth measurement value corresponding to this depth as the upper threshold value of the depth. This depth measurement can then be used to provide feedback to the user. Also, for very hard patients (chest stiffness), the system may be configured to provide force feedback instead of depth feedback. For very soft patients, a minimum force threshold should be set, and force measurements do not provide enough information. Based on the force or depth threshold, the processing device can be configured to select between a force measurement and a depth measurement. For example, if the processor is configured to use the relationship between force and depth measurements as a guide to using the measurements, for example, if the relationship varies substantially over time, it will indicate to the vehicle that the patient is moving. Only force measurements may be used to indicate that the vehicle is riding and the accelerometer output is uncertain.

  The processing device outputs a signal corresponding to the values of the depth signal and the force signal with respect to the threshold value. This signal can be used as an input to the display device to provide feedback to the user or rescuer.

  The system may connect to or include such a database of knowledge data and experience data. This allows the processor to select a compression depth that has proven to be most effective for small or large patients, children, etc., or to set the compression depth according to the force used for compression. It is possible to select an appropriate characteristic for each patient by a method such as selection.

  The display device comprises input means and at least one indicator and is configured to activate the indicator based on the output from the processing device.

  The output from the processing device is a simple signal that indicates whether the measured depth, force, or ventilation is within or outside the threshold of the threshold device if no compression is performed within a given time, etc. It can be. Alternatively, the output from the processing device is a relatively complex signal such as an oscillation signal that represents at least one of the relationship between depth and time, the relationship between force and time, the number of compressions per hour, the compression rate per hour, etc. It is also good. The output of the processing device may be composed of several types of signals and a plurality of signals.

  In one embodiment, the processing device is configured to prioritize which feedback is most important and which feedback should be given to the rescuer first. This is important when there are multiple measured values that deviate from their respective thresholds. In this case, the processor may give the most important feedback first, or it may mark this feedback to highlight the most important feedback when showing the user feedback with an indicator. For example, the processing device may suspend less important feedback until a more important problem is corrected. The priority order can be determined by comparing the deviating characteristic values with a prestored list. Such a list may include information about which properties should be modified first, for example to obtain the best results from CPR.

  In another embodiment, feedback is placed in a queue that has been classified, for example, according to the above priorities. After giving feedback to the user, move it to the back of the queue, for example to the end.

  The processor can also synchronize the operation of the defibrillator and CPR by partially or fully controlling a defibrillator such as an AED. Alternatively, communication may be performed between the processing device and the processing device of the defibrillator, or the defibrillator may control measurement and feedback operations. This allows the system to time compression and ventilation, compression and ventilation, and defibrillator shocks. By cooperating the defibrillator and the feedback system, shock detection, automated feedback that does not require manual operation, countdown until shock is applied, induction feedback for cooperating CPR and defibrillation, etc. Can be possible.

  An indicator is a device or configuration that is configured to provide feedback to the user regarding various characteristics of a CPR session, for example, via a graphical display or other visual display. The indicator may be an auditory signal such as a tone signal, a visual or tactile signal, a voice message from a speaker, a curve displayed on the screen, a string, or some symbol, such as one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs), vibration It can be of any kind, such as a generator or impulse generator. Several displays may be performed with one indicator, or a plurality of indicators may be included in one device or configuration, for example, implemented as various areas within the screen.

  The indicator can be displayed in several levels, for example first displaying color or light, then symbol, then sound, etc., for example to increase the importance of feedback or after the user's last response The level can be changed over time.

  In one embodiment, the input means is configured to input an oscillating signal (having amplitude and frequency) and the at least one indicator is configured to be activated when the amplitude of the oscillating signal reaches a maximum value. It consists of a first indicator and a second indicator that is activated when the amplitude of the oscillation signal reaches a minimum value.

  The oscillation signal is a signal output from the processing device, for example, and is a signal representing the relationship between compression depth and time, or force and time. This can be a sinusoidal signal whose amplitude and frequency correspond to the depth or force and frequency (speed) of compression, respectively.

  In one embodiment, the first and second indicators take different states depending on the number of occurrences of the maximum amplitude and the minimum amplitude of the input signal in a certain period. In embodiments where the indicator is a light indicator, the different states correspond to different indicator light intensities. For example, when the amplitude of the oscillation signal reaches the maximum or minimum value during a predetermined number of oscillations, the light intensity of the LED is increased, or the signal does not reach the maximum or minimum value during a certain period Can reduce the light intensity of the LED. The maximum and minimum values correspond to or are the same as the threshold of the threshold device, and can be, for example, the recommended compression depth, the minimum force when releasing the compression pressure. This allows the operator or rescuer to know whether the maximum or minimum value has been reached in the last few compressions without always looking at the indicator.

  In one embodiment, the display device includes a third indicator configured to operate in part or in whole depending on the amplitude of the input signal. This gives the operator an indication as to how deep the compression is with respect to the recommended depth. This instruction can be made with various light intensities, audio signals, and the like. In one embodiment, the third indicator may be composed of, for example, a plurality of LEDs arranged in a row, and the number of LEDs to be activated is determined according to the amplitude of the input signal. In another embodiment, the third indicator is an OLED screen or is implemented on the OLED screen and, for example, by actuating each part of the region or area, the size or location of the area or area to be activated is input signal. It corresponds to the amplitude of.

  In one embodiment, the display device comprises a fourth indicator configured to operate with a secondary signal derived from the frequency of the input signal. This secondary signal may correspond to, for example, the number of compressions performed per unit time, and is an important factor in assuring the quality of CPR.

  The fourth indicator, in one embodiment, includes at least three compartments consisting of a central compartment and at least two side compartments, the central compartment being activated when the frequency of the signal is between a maximum value and a minimum value. And both side sections are configured to operate when the signal frequency is above or below the maximum and minimum values, respectively.

  The display device, in one embodiment, may include a fifth indicator configured to operate when there is no input signal during a predetermined period. This is feedback that prompts the operator to continue the CPR procedure. The fifth indicator may be constant intensity or variable intensity light, a clock or time counter, or an audio signal.

  The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a system according to the present invention. The system includes a measuring device 12 including a force measuring device 10 and a depth measuring device 11. The depth measurement device 11 and the force measurement device 10 respectively measure the depth and force of compression performed on a patient (not shown). The depth measuring device may be an accelerometer, for example, which may provide an acceleration signal and process it to provide the depth.

  The system further comprises a processing device 13 including a force signal device 15, a depth signal device 16 and a threshold device 17. In this embodiment, the force signal device 15 and the depth signal device 16 receive signals from the force measurement device 10 and the depth measurement device 11, respectively. The threshold device includes four threshold values T1 to T4 in this embodiment.

  The processing device performs signal processing evaluation in the force signal device 15 and the depth signal device 16. The process evaluation also means a comparison with the threshold values T1 to T4 of the threshold device 17, and the result of the process evaluation is output to the display device 14. In this embodiment, the display device 14 includes five indicators, that is, indicators 1 to 5. The display device activates one or more of the indicators based on the output from the processing device 13. The indicator provides the user with information regarding the quality of their CPR activity, allowing the user to change the way CPR is done to increase its quality and thus increase patient survival.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of signals used in the processing device according to the invention. The force signal 20 is received directly from the force measuring device, whereas the depth signal 21 is the result of integrating the accelerometer signal twice. Integration is performed in the processor. The processing device may also perform filtering to perform signal rectification, artifact removal, or phase shift removal. The result of the filtering process performed on the depth signal 21 is the depth signal 22. In the graph, the X axis represents the time of the CPR session and the time between compressions, and the number of compressions per fixed time can also be calculated from the curve.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of an embodiment of a display device according to the invention. The display device includes input means for inputting an oscillation signal (having amplitude and frequency) and at least one indicator, and when the amplitude of the oscillation signal reaches the maximum value, the amplitude of the oscillation signal becomes the minimum value. Configured to operate at least one of when reached.

  The display device of the present embodiment includes five indicators 31 to 35. Each indicator is, for example, an LED or part of the screen. Activation of the indicator 32 indicates that the operator or rescuer has reached the recommended compression depth, and activation of the indicator 31 indicates that the operator or rescuer has sufficiently relaxed the pressure between the compressions. . When the indicators 31 and 32 are activated each time compression is performed, it indicates that the CPR treatment is being performed correctly. In situations where CPR is performed, the rescuer's attention is often diverted to other events and people around the rescuer, and it is always possible to check whether the compression is normally performed by gazing at the display device. Can not. In one embodiment, the light intensity of the indicators 31 and 32 is changed according to the number of times the rescuer reaches the correct depth or the number of times the pressure relief is released. For example, the light intensity of the LED can be maximized when correctly pressed and gradually weaken. That is, if the operator notices that the light is weak, it can be seen that although good compression was performed in the near past, the last compression was inappropriate. If the light is bright, you know that the last compression was appropriate. As another method, the light intensity of the LED may be increased every time correct compression is performed until the number of times of compression reaches a desired value, for example, 2-3 times.

  A third indicator 33 exists between the indicator 31 and the indicator 32. The third indicator 33 includes a section or area that is partially or fully activated depending on the depth of compression. The third indicator may be a portion of the screen or several (eg, three or more) LEDs. The third indicator, together with the first and second indicators 31, 32, indicates the depth of compression. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 (a), five LEDs are provided, and when one LED is lit, it means that the rescuer is pressing only 20% of the full compression depth, and LED2 If one is lit, it means that the pressure is 40% of the recommended depth, and so on. Illumination of five LEDs leads to activation of the indicator 32 which means that compression is appropriate. Alternatively, only one LED may be lit at a time, the first LED will indicate 20% compression, only the second LED will be lit to indicate 40% compression, and so on. In the embodiment of FIG. 3 (b), the third indicator 33 ′ is a dedicated section or area on the screen, and each part of the area depends on the vertical position of the rescuer's hand, ie, the depth of compression. Operates. This will appear to the rescuer as a light spot traveling between the two maximum / minimum indicators 31 ', 32'.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 (c), the third indicator extends further beyond the indicator 32 and includes a section 38 indicating that the correct compression depth has been reached. Section 38 is activated when the rescuer is too deeply squeezed.

  The fourth indicator 34 of the present embodiment indicates the number of compressions performed within a unit time. This number is derived from the depth signal and corresponds to the oscillation frequency of the signal. The indicator 34 includes three compartments 35, 36, 37, and activation of the central compartment 36 indicates that the rescuer is squeezing at the correct frequency. Activation of the compartments 35, 37 on both sides indicates that the rescuer needs to increase or decrease the number of compressions.

  The fifth indicator 35 is activated when no compression is performed within a predetermined time. This indicator prompts the rescuer to continue the CPR session.

  4A to 4C are block diagrams showing the operation of the display device according to the present invention. FIG. 4A shows three threshold values T1 to T3 related to an oscillation signal representing the number of compressions. The threshold values T1 and T2 respectively represent an upper threshold value and a lower threshold value with respect to the recommended compression depth, and represent, for example, 52 mm and 38 mm. The threshold T3 represents the minimum allowable compression force between compressions, for example 3 kg. In FIG. 4A, all the compressions are performed correctly.

  FIG. 4B shows an example of logic used to control the operation of the indicator 32 of FIG. Each compression compares its depth at 41 with thresholds T1 and T2. If the depth is between T1 and T2, the indicator 32 is activated. If the depth is outside of T1 to T2, the compression force is further compared with a threshold T4 of 50 kg, for example. If the pressing force exceeds T4, the indicator 32 is activated. The background may be that it may be almost impossible to get the correct compression depth in the chest, and a 50 kg compression may be set as an appropriate compression. When T4 is used as the operation reference of the indicator 32, the depth corresponding to the force T4 may be measured and this depth may be newly set as T2 of the continuous CPR session, or the force measurement value in the continuous CPR session. You may make it operate | move an indicator using. The calculation for activating the third indicator 33 of FIG. 3 is changed accordingly.

  FIG. 4C shows an example of logic for controlling the indicator 31 of FIG. In this case, the compression force is compared with the threshold value T3, and the indicator 31 is activated when the compression force is smaller than T3.

  5A to 5K show various indicators that can be used in the display device according to the present invention. All of these indicators can be light emitting indicators as implemented, for example, as an OLED screen.

The example of FIG. 5 includes three indicators. The first indicator 5 1 and the second indicator 5 2, corresponding respectively to maximum and minimum values of compression depth. The first indicator 5 1 operates when it reaches the compression depth of the recommended second indicator 5 2 operates upon reaching the minimum value of the force are recommended when loosening the pressure between the pressure and the compression . The third indicator 5 3 includes an area in which the respective band is operated in accordance with the amplitude of the input signal. In the Figure on the left, the amplitude of the signal is lower than the compression depth recommended slightly, band 5 4 below the first indicator is activated. In the right figure, the rescuer has reached compression depth recommended, but not be operating band of the third indicator 5 3 throat, first indicator 5 1 is operating. In this configuration, the rescuer can see the display “move” between the first indicator and the second indicator, and can fully control its compression action.

5 (b) and 5 (c) have substantially the same configuration as the first, second and third indicators used in FIG. 5 (a), but FIG. 5 (b) and (c). In, the first indicator and the second indicator remain activated for a certain period of time after reaching their respective threshold values, that is, remain lit. 5 (b) and 5 (c) also include two types of embodiments, fourth indicators 5 5, 5 5 ′, which indicate the compression speed, ie the number of compressions per hour, respectively. The indicator of FIG. 5 (b) takes the form of a “velocity meter”, ie, a “radial needle” in which one end is fixed and the other end moves. The other end can move within the semicircle to indicate the speed, and the center of the semicircle is the recommended speed. The indicator of (c) in FIG. 5 has a linear scale shape, and the center of the scale is the recommended speed, but is also displayed as a number in the figure.

  5 (d) and 5 (g) show another embodiment of the first and second indicators, the indicators take alternative shapes and the orientation of the indicators of FIGS. 5 (a)-(c) It is arranged perpendicular to. (D)-(g) of FIG. 5 has also shown four types of alternative examples which display a compression speed as a 3rd indicator.

  5 (h)-(k) show various alternatives of indicators that can be used to provide feedback to the user. (H) in FIG. 5 conveys a message in letters, and (i) in FIG. 5 is an indicator showing the battery level. (J) of FIG. 5 is a ventilation indicator, and displays an image in which the lungs are full or empty as the patient breathes. (K) of FIG. 5 is an example which shows no treatment time, that is, the rescuer has not pressed for 10 seconds, for example.

6A to 6D show examples of various indicators implemented on a screen such as an OLED screen. It is possible to change the color for each symbol, or to change the color during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, for example according to the importance of the feedback displayed or the time elapsed since the last action related to feedback was performed. 6 (a) shows the depth of compression as in the embodiment of FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), but the indicator 73 in this case has no defined band and is continuously variable. It is. In the example shown in FIG. 6 of (b), It is stressed that an inadequate depth of compressions by arrow 7 6. As an arrow 7 6 second level indicator, for example with respect to compression of the predetermined number of times, or may be activated when compression depth has been insufficient for a predetermined time. FIG. 6C also shows an embodiment of the fourth indicator 75 indicating the compression speed, that is, the number of compressions per hour. The indicator 75 is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5D, and takes the form of a “speed meter”, ie, a “radial needle” that is fixed at one end and moved at the other end. The moving end moves within the semicircle and displays the speed, but the center of the semicircle shows the recommended speed. The recommended speed is a section 77 and can be highlighted.

  FIG. 6D shows an indicator indicating that compression is not being performed and telling the user to start compression.

  It goes without saying that the various indicators and feedback shown and described herein can be used in combination with each other or can be used alone.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a system according to the present invention. 2 shows an example of signals used in a processing device according to the present invention. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of a display device according to the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows operation | movement of the display apparatus by this invention. 2 shows examples of various indicators for use in a display device according to the present invention. The example of the various indicators implemented on a screen is shown.

Claims (12)

Enter the depth versus time compression, or force the oscillating signal representing the time relationship (have a amplitude and frequency, amplitude corresponds to the depth or force of the compression, the frequency corresponds to the frequency (speed)) A display device comprising input means for inputting as a signal, wherein the display device is at least one of when the amplitude of the oscillation signal reaches a maximum value and when the amplitude of the oscillation signal reaches a minimum value Including at least one indicator adapted to be activated, the indicator gradually increasing the state of the indicator each time the amplitude of the outgoing signal reaches a maximum or minimum value during a predetermined number of outgoing calls. , when the predetermined number of outgoing amplitude of the oscillation signal does not reach a maximum or minimum value while being performed by weakening gradually the condition of the indicator, CPR treatment correctly Indicate whether the cracks, display device.   A first indicator configured to operate when the amplitude of the oscillation signal reaches a maximum value; and a second indicator configured to operate when the amplitude of the oscillation signal reaches a minimum value. The display device according to claim 1, comprising two indicators.   The display device of claim 1, comprising an indicator configured to include a section or area that is partially or fully activated depending on an amplitude of the input signal.   The display device according to claim 1, comprising an indicator configured to be operated by a secondary signal obtained from the frequency of the input signal and representing a number of compressions performed per unit time.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein the indicator is a visual indicator such as a screen or a light emitting device for displaying a characteristic of the input signal in at least one of a visual display and a graph display.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein the indicator includes a region in which each of a plurality of sections is activated according to an amplitude of the input signal.   The display device according to claim 3, wherein the third indicator includes a plurality of LEDs, and the number of LEDs to be activated depends on the amplitude of the input signal.   A fourth indicator comprising at least three compartments comprising a central compartment and at least two side compartments, wherein the central compartment is configured to operate when the signal frequency is within a range of maximum and minimum values; The display device according to claim 4, wherein the display device is configured to operate when the signal frequency exceeds a maximum value and a minimum value.   The display device according to claim 1, further comprising a fifth indicator configured to operate when the input signal is absent within a predetermined time.   The display device according to claim 2, wherein the first and second indicators have different states according to the number of occurrences of the maximum amplitude and the minimum amplitude of the input signal in a certain time.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein the indicator is a light indicator.   The display device according to claim 10, wherein the different states correspond to different light intensities of the light indicator.

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