JP5300519B2 - Display device, electronic device, and driving method of display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a display device for preventing generation of leak currents, by increasing the electric resistance of a binder and capable of stable driving, while attaining power saving, and to provide an electronic apparatus and a method for driving the display device. <P>SOLUTION: An electrophoretic display device 1 is provided, including a voltage applying means. The voltage applying means can apply a first alternating voltage in which voltage rising and steep voltage falling are repeated alternately and periodically, and a second alternating voltage in which voltage falling and steep voltage rising are repeated alternately and periodically. When the first alternating voltage is applied to the device, positively charged particles are distributed unevenly to be present in a common electrode side by the transitional electric field generated during steep voltage falling; and when the second alternating voltage is applied, positively charged particles are distributed unevenly to be exist in each electrode side by the transient electric field during steep voltage rising. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device, an electronic apparatus, and a display device driving method.

For example, an electrophoretic display using particle electrophoresis is known as an image display unit of electronic paper (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The electrophoretic display has excellent portability and power saving, and is particularly suitable as an image display unit of electronic paper.
Patent Document 1 discloses an electrophoretic layer including a pair of electrodes (a common electrode and an electrode circuit layer) arranged opposite to each other, a microcapsule including electrophoretic particles, and a binder that holds the microcapsule. An electrophoretic display device is described.
In such an electrophoretic display device, a voltage is applied between a pair of electrodes to apply an electric field to the microcapsules, and electrophoretic particles are migrated in the microcapsules, thereby switching display colors.

  Here, in such an electrophoretic display device, the voltage (generated electric field) applied between the pair of electrodes is not applied to the microcapsule with the strength as it is. Is controlled by the partial pressure defined by the ratio between the resistance value of the binder and the binder resistance value (the sum of the resistance value of the portion between the microcapsule and the common electrode and the resistance value of the portion between the microcapsule and the electrode circuit layer) Applied.

Therefore, in order to apply a voltage having a predetermined magnitude to the microcapsule, it is necessary to increase the voltage applied between the pair of electrodes in advance or use a binder having a low electric resistance.
However, if the former is selected, the power consumption increases, and if the latter is selected, the leakage current increases due to the binder forming a current leakage path, resulting in malfunctions and increased power consumption. Will be invited.

JP 2007-58151 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a display device, an electronic apparatus, and a display device driving method capable of performing stable driving while preventing generation of leakage current by increasing the electric resistance of the binder while saving power. There is to do.

Such an object is achieved by the present invention described below.
The display device of the present invention is provided on the display side and has a first electrode having light transparency,
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A display layer, which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and includes a storage unit that stores positively charged positively charged particles in a movable manner, and a binder that holds the storage unit and has an insulating property;
Voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode,
The voltage applying means includes a first alternating voltage that repeats a voltage increase and a voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the voltage decrease and the decrease. And a second alternating voltage can be applied,
By applying the first alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage drops in a short time is applied to the housing portion, The positively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side by the action of an electric field, and the positively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the first electrode side,
By applying the second alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage rises in the short time is applied to the housing portion, The positively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side by the action of an electric field, and the positively charged particles are unevenly distributed to the second electrode side.
As a result, the resistance component (electrical resistance) of the binder can be made sufficiently large, for example, as compared to the conventional case, and the occurrence of leakage current is prevented by increasing the resistance component of the binder, thereby enabling stable driving. In addition, it is possible to provide a display device capable of reducing the power consumption of the electrophoretic display device.

The display device of the present invention is provided on the display side and has a first electrode having light transparency,
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A display layer, which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and includes a storage unit that movably stores negatively charged particles that are negatively charged, and a binder that holds the storage unit and has an insulating property;
Voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode,
The voltage applying means includes a first alternating voltage that repeats a voltage increase and a voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the voltage decrease and the decrease. And a second alternating voltage can be applied,
By applying the first alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage drops in a short time is applied to the housing portion, The negatively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side by the action of an electric field, and the negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed to the second electrode side,
By applying the second alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage rises in the short time is applied to the housing portion, The negatively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side by the action of an electric field, and the negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed to the first electrode side.
As a result, the resistance component (electrical resistance) of the binder can be made sufficiently large, for example, as compared to the conventional case, and the occurrence of leakage current is prevented by increasing the resistance component of the binder, thereby enabling stable driving. In addition, it is possible to provide a display device capable of reducing the power consumption of the electrophoretic display device.

The display device of the present invention is provided on the display side and has a first electrode having light transparency,
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A container provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and containing a positively charged positively charged particle and a negatively charged particle having a different color from the positively charged particle and negatively charged; A display layer comprising a binder that holds the accommodating portion and has an insulating property;
Voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode,
The voltage applying means includes a first alternating voltage that repeats a voltage increase and a voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the voltage decrease and the decrease. And a second alternating voltage can be applied,
By applying the first alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage drops in a short time is applied to the housing portion, Due to the action of an electric field, the positively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side, the negatively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side, and the positively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side. Negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the second electrode side,
By applying the second alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage rises in the short time is applied to the housing portion, The positively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side by the action of an electric field, the negatively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side, and the positively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side. The negatively charged particles are characterized by being unevenly distributed on the first electrode side.
As a result, the resistance component (electrical resistance) of the binder can be made sufficiently large, for example, as compared to the conventional case, and the occurrence of leakage current is prevented by increasing the resistance component of the binder, thereby enabling stable driving. In addition, it is possible to provide a display device capable of reducing the power consumption of the electrophoretic display device.

In the display device according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that, in the first voltage, a change amount of the voltage per unit time when the voltage is sharply decreased is 1 V / ms or more.
Thereby, a voltage can be changed rapidly and a transient electric field can be generated more reliably.
In the display device according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that a change amount of the voltage per unit time when the voltage is increased is 0.1 V / s to 1 V / ms in the first voltage.
As a result, a sharp rise in voltage can be prevented, and generation of a transient electric field when the voltage rises can be prevented. Furthermore, since the time required to sufficiently increase the voltage can be made relatively short, the frequency of the first voltage can be made relatively high.

In the display device according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that, in the second voltage, a change amount of the voltage per unit time when the voltage is rapidly increased is 1 V / ms or more.
Thereby, a voltage can be changed rapidly and a transient electric field can be generated more reliably.
In the display device according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that, in the second voltage, the amount of change in voltage per unit time when the voltage decreases is 0.1 V / s to 1 V / ms.
As a result, a sharp drop in voltage is prevented, and generation of a transient electric field at the time of voltage drop can be prevented. Furthermore, since the time required for sufficiently lowering the voltage can be made relatively short, the frequency of the second voltage can be made relatively high.

In the display device of the present invention, the capacitance of the housing portion is C1, the electrostatic capacitance of the binder between the housing portion and the first electrode is C2, and the housing portion and the second electrode C1: (C2 + C3) preferably satisfies the range of 0: 1 to 100: 1, where C3 is the capacitance between them.
As a result, a transient electric field large enough to move the positively charged particles and the negatively charged particles can be generated.
In the display device according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that a dispersion liquid in which the positively charged particles and / or the negatively charged particles are dispersed is sealed in the housing portion.
Thereby, the display device can be used as an electrophoretic display device.

An electronic apparatus according to the present invention includes the display device according to the present invention.
As a result, the resistance component (electrical resistance) of the binder can be made sufficiently large, for example, as compared to the conventional case, and the occurrence of leakage current is prevented by increasing the resistance component of the binder, thereby enabling stable driving. It is possible to provide an electronic apparatus that can achieve power saving of the electrophoretic display device.

The display device driving method of the present invention includes a first electrode that is provided on the display side and has light transmission properties;
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A display layer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and containing a positively charged positively charged particle movably and a binder that holds the storage and has an insulating property; Have
A first alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to repeat the voltage increase and the voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and the voltage decrease in the short time Drive pattern in which the positively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side by causing a transient electric field generated in the process to act on the housing portion, and the positively charged particles are unevenly distributed to the first electrode side When,
A second alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second alternating voltage repeats a voltage decrease and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the decrease, and the voltage increase in the short time A driving pattern that causes the positively charged particles to move toward the second electrode by causing a transient electric field generated at the time to act on the housing portion, and causes the positively charged particles to be unevenly distributed toward the second electrode; It is made to drive by.
As a result, the resistance component (electrical resistance) of the binder can be made sufficiently large, for example, as compared to the conventional case, and the occurrence of leakage current is prevented by increasing the resistance component of the binder, thereby enabling stable driving. In addition, the power consumption of the electrophoretic display device can be reduced.

The display device driving method of the present invention includes a first electrode that is provided on the display side and has light transmission properties;
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A display layer, which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and which contains a negatively charged negatively charged particle so as to be movable, and a binder that holds the storage and has an insulating property; Have
A first alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to repeat the voltage increase and the voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and the voltage decrease in the short time Drive pattern in which the negatively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side and the negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed to the second electrode side by applying a transient electric field generated in the process to the housing portion. When,
A second alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second alternating voltage repeats a voltage decrease and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the decrease, and the voltage increase in the short time A drive pattern that causes the negatively charged particles to move to the first electrode side by causing a transient electric field generated at the time to act on the housing portion, and causes the negatively charged particles to be unevenly distributed to the first electrode side; It is made to drive by.
As a result, the resistance component (electrical resistance) of the binder can be made sufficiently large, for example, as compared to the conventional case, and the occurrence of leakage current is prevented by increasing the resistance component of the binder, thereby enabling stable driving. In addition, the power consumption of the electrophoretic display device can be reduced.

The display device driving method of the present invention includes a first electrode that is provided on the display side and has light transmission properties;
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A container provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and containing a positively charged positively charged particle and a negatively charged negatively charged particle having a color different from that of the positively charged particle; A display layer that includes a binder that holds the container and has insulating properties,
A first alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to repeat the voltage increase and the voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and the voltage decrease in the short time The positively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side by moving a transient electric field generated at the time to the accommodating portion, and the negatively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side, A drive pattern in which the positively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the first electrode side, and the negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the second electrode side, and
A second alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second alternating voltage repeats a voltage decrease and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the decrease, and the voltage increase in the short time The positively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side by causing a transient electric field generated at the time to act on the housing portion, and the negatively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side, Driven by a drive pattern in which positively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the second electrode side and the negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the first electrode side, respectively.
As a result, the resistance component (electrical resistance) of the binder can be made sufficiently large, for example, as compared to the conventional case, and the occurrence of leakage current is prevented by increasing the resistance component of the binder, thereby enabling stable driving. In addition, the power consumption of the electrophoretic display device can be reduced.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a first embodiment of a display device (electrophoretic display device) of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the action | operation of the electrophoretic display device shown in FIG. It is the figure which represented the display layer of the electrophoretic display device shown in FIG. 1 with the equivalent circuit. It is a figure which shows the drive voltage of the conventional electrophoretic display apparatus. It is a figure which shows the drive voltage which drives the electrophoretic display apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the drive voltage which drives the electrophoretic display apparatus shown in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the display apparatus of this invention typically. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment at the time of applying the electronic device of this invention to electronic paper. It is a figure which shows embodiment at the time of applying the electronic device of this invention to a display.

Hereinafter, a display device, an electronic apparatus, and a display device driving method of the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Hereinafter, a case where the display device of the present invention is applied to an electrophoretic display device will be described.
<Electrophoretic display device>
<< First Embodiment >>
First, a first embodiment of a display device (electrophoretic display device) of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a first embodiment of a display device (electrophoretic display device) according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the electrophoretic display device shown in FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the display layer of the electrophoretic display device shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a driving voltage of the conventional electrophoretic display device, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams respectively. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage for driving the electrophoretic display device shown in FIG. In the following description, for convenience of explanation, the upper side in FIG. 1 will be described as “upper” and the lower side as “lower”.

As shown in FIG. 1, the electrophoretic display device 1 includes an electrophoretic display sheet (front plane) 2, a circuit board (back plane) 6, and voltage application for applying a driving voltage to the electrophoretic display device 1. Means 8.
The electrophoretic display sheet 2 includes a substrate 3 having a flat base 31 and a common electrode 41 provided on the lower surface of the base 31, and a microcapsule (accommodating portion) 51 and a binder provided on the lower surface side of the substrate 3. And the display layer 5 constituted by 52.
On the other hand, the circuit board 6 is provided on the counter substrate 7 having the flat base 71 and a plurality of individual electrodes (second electrodes) 42 provided on the upper surface of the base 71, and the counter substrate 7 (base 71). For example, a circuit (not shown) including a switching element such as a TFT.

Hereinafter, the structure of each part is demonstrated sequentially.
The base 31 and the base 71 are each composed of a sheet-like (flat plate) member, and have a function of supporting and protecting each member disposed therebetween.
Each of the base portions 31 and 71 may be either flexible or hard, but is preferably flexible. By using the base portions 31 and 71 having flexibility, the electrophoretic display device 1 having flexibility, that is, the electrophoretic display device 1 useful for constructing, for example, electronic paper can be obtained.

  Moreover, when each base part 31 and 71 shall have flexibility, as the constituent material, polyolefin, such as polyethylene, modified polyolefin, polyamide, thermoplastic polyimide, polyether, polyetheretherketone, Examples include various thermoplastic elastomers such as polyurethane and chlorinated polyethylene, and copolymers, blends, and polymer alloys mainly composed of these, and one or more of these are used in combination. be able to.

  The average thicknesses of the bases 31 and 71 are appropriately set depending on the constituent material, application, etc., and are not particularly limited. However, when having flexibility, it is preferably about 20 to 500 μm, More preferably, it is about 25-250 micrometers. Accordingly, the electrophoretic display device 1 can be reduced in size (particularly thinned) while achieving harmony between flexibility and strength of the electrophoretic display device 1.

  A common electrode 41 and individual electrodes 42 each having a layer shape (film shape) are provided on the surface of the base portions 31 and 71 on the microcapsule 51 side, that is, on the upper surface of the base portion 31 and the lower surface of the base portion 71, respectively. A large number of individual electrodes 42 are provided in a matrix (matrix), and each is connected to the switching element. In the present embodiment, a portion where the common electrode 41 and one individual electrode 42 overlap constitute one pixel. The individual electrode 42 may be divided into stripes, and the common electrode 41 may be similarly divided into stripes and arranged so as to intersect with each other.

The constituent materials of the common electrode 41 and the individual electrodes 42 are not particularly limited as long as they are substantially conductive, and examples thereof include metal materials such as copper, aluminum or alloys containing these, carbon black, and the like. An ionic substance such as NaCl, Cu (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ is dispersed in a carbon-based material, an electroconductive polymer material such as polyacetylene, polyfluorene or a derivative thereof, or a matrix resin such as polyvinyl alcohol or polycarbonate. Various conductive materials such as ion conductive polymer materials and conductive oxide materials such as indium oxide (IO) can be used, and one or more of these can be used in combination.
The average thicknesses of the common electrode 41 and the individual electrode 42 are appropriately set depending on the constituent material, application, etc., and are not particularly limited, but are preferably about 0.05 to 10 μm, preferably 0.05 to 5 μm. More preferred is the degree.

  Of the base portions 31 and 71 and the electrodes 41 and 42, the base portion and the electrode (in the present embodiment, the base portion 31 and the common electrode 41) arranged on the display surface side are respectively light transmissive, That is, it is substantially transparent (colorless and transparent, colored and transparent or translucent). Thereby, the state of the electrophoretic particles A and B in the microcapsule 51, that is, information (image) displayed on the electrophoretic display device 1 can be easily recognized visually from the display surface side (upper side in FIG. 1). Can do.

A display layer 5 is provided between the substrate 3 and the counter substrate 7.
The display layer 5 is configured by fixing (holding) a plurality of microcapsules 51 with a binder 52. In the present embodiment, the display layer 5 includes an upper binder layer 521 and a lower binder layer 522, and a microcapsule layer 510 provided between the upper binder layer 521 and the lower binder layer 522.
The microcapsule layer 510 is configured by arranging a plurality of microcapsules 51 as a single layer (one by one without overlapping in the thickness direction) between the substrate 3 and the counter substrate 7 in parallel in the vertical and horizontal directions. Has been.

  In the present embodiment, the microcapsule 51 is sandwiched between the common electrode 41 (upper binder layer 521) and the individual electrode 42 (lower binder layer 522), so that the microcapsule 51 is compressed vertically and spreads horizontally. It has a shape. In other words, the microcapsule 51 forms a stone wall structure. With such a configuration, in the electrophoretic display device 1, the effective display area is increased and the contrast is good. In addition, since the moving distance in the vertical direction of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B can be shortened, the display color switching speed can be improved.

The microcapsule (container) 51 has a capsule body (shell) 511, and the inside (internal space) is filled with an electrophoretic dispersion.
Examples of the constituent material of the capsule body 511 include gelatin, a composite material of gum arabic and gelatin, a urethane resin, a melamine resin, a urea resin, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, and an olefin. Various resin materials such as a series resin, polyamide, and polyether can be used, and one or more of these can be used in combination.
Moreover, the capsule main body 511 may be comprised by the laminated body of a some layer. In this case, the constituent material of the innermost layer is preferably an amino resin such as a melamine resin or a urea resin, or a composite resin thereof. On the other hand, an epoxy resin is preferably used as the constituent material of the outermost layer.

  The electrophoretic dispersion liquid filled (encapsulated) in the capsule body 511 is obtained by dispersing (suspending) positively charged positive particles A and negatively charged negative particles B in the liquid phase dispersion medium 53. It will be. The dispersion of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B in the liquid phase dispersion medium 53 is, for example, one or two of a paint shaker method, a ball mill method, a media mill method, an ultrasonic dispersion method, a stirring dispersion method, and the like. The above can be combined.

  Examples of the liquid phase dispersion medium 53 include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene hydrocarbons, paraffinic hydrocarbons such as n-hexane and n-decane, and isoparaffinic carbonization such as Isopar (Isopar manufactured by Exxon Chemical Co., Ltd.). Hydrogen, 1-octene, 1-decene and other olefinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic hydrocarbons and other aliphatic hydrocarbons, kerosene, petroleum ether, petroleum benzine, ligroin, industrial gasoline, petroleum naphtha and other petroleum and petroleum-derived Hydrocarbon mixtures, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform, silicone oils (organic silicone oils) such as dimethyl silicone oil and methylphenyl silicone oil, fluorine-based solvents (organic fluorine-based solvents) such as hydrofluoroether, etc. Is preferably used. Among these, organosilicone oils are more preferably used because the viscosity can be easily adjusted.

Next, the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B will be described.
The positively charged particles A are positively charged white electrophoretic particles, and the negatively charged particles B are negatively charged black electrophoretic particles. In this way, by using the white positively charged particles A and the black negatively charged particles B, it is possible to perform black and white display as described later, and the display contrast of the electrophoretic display device 1 is improved.

The colors of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B are not limited to the above as long as they are different from each other. For example, the colors may be chromatic colors such as red, blue, and green, or gold Further, it may be a metallic luster color such as silver.
Further, the combination of the colors of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B is not limited to the above, and for example, a combination in which the positively charged particles A are black particles and the negatively charged particles B are white particles, Examples include combinations in which the positively charged particles A are blue particles and the negatively charged particles B are red particles.

  Any positively charged particles A and negatively charged particles B can be used as long as they have an electric charge, and are not particularly limited. However, pigment particles, resin particles, or composites thereof are not particularly limited. At least one of the particles is preferably used. These particles have the advantage that they can be easily manufactured and the amount of charge can be controlled relatively easily.

  Examples of pigments constituting the pigment particles include black pigments such as aniline black, carbon black, and titanium black, white pigments such as titanium oxide and antimony oxide, azo pigments such as monoazo, yellow such as isoindolinone and yellow lead. Pigments, red pigments such as quinacridone red and chrome vermilion, blue pigments such as phthalocyanine blue and indanthrene blue, green pigments such as phthalocyanine green, and the like. Of these, one or a combination of two or more may be used. it can.

Among these, as pigment particles, titanium oxide particles are preferably used as white particles (positively charged particles A in the present embodiment), and titanium black particles are preferably used as black particles (negatively charged particles B in the present embodiment). Used for. These particles have high responsiveness to an electric field and a large difference in reflectance, so that high contrast display is possible.
Examples of the resin material constituting the resin particles include acrylic resin, urethane resin, urea resin, epoxy resin, polystyrene, polyester, and the like, and one or more of these are combined. Can be used.

The composite particles include, for example, those in which the surface of the pigment particles is coated with a resin material or other pigment, those in which the surface of the resin particles is coated with a pigment, or a mixture in which the pigment and the resin material are mixed at an appropriate composition ratio. The particle | grains comprised by are mentioned.
Examples of particles obtained by coating the surface of pigment particles with other pigments include those obtained by coating the surface of titanium oxide particles with silicon oxide or aluminum oxide.
The shapes of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B are not particularly limited, but are preferably spherical.

  The positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B are each preferably smaller when the dispersibility in the liquid phase dispersion medium 53 is taken into account. The thickness is preferably about 500 nm, and more preferably about 20 to 300 nm. By setting the average particle diameter of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B within the above range, aggregation of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B and sedimentation of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B can be prevented. The positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B can be maintained dispersed in the liquid phase dispersion medium 53. As a result, display quality deterioration of the electrophoretic display device 1 can be suitably prevented.

In addition, when using two different types of particles (positively charged particles A and negatively charged particles B) as in this embodiment, the average particle size of the two types of particles is different, in particular, the white positively charged particles A The average particle size is preferably set larger than the average particle size of the black negatively charged particles B. Thereby, the display contrast of the electrophoretic display device 1 can be further improved and the holding characteristics can be improved. Specifically, the average particle diameter of the negatively charged particles B is preferably about 20 to 100 nm, and the average particle diameter of the positively charged particles A is preferably about 150 to 300 nm.
The specific gravity of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B is preferably set so as to be approximately equal to the specific gravity of the liquid phase dispersion medium 53. As a result, the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B stay in the liquid phase dispersion medium 53 for a long time even after the application of voltage between the common electrode 41 and the individual electrode 42 is stopped. Can do.

The binder 52 is, for example, for the purpose of bonding the counter substrate 7 and the substrate 3, the purpose of fixing the microcapsule 51 between the counter substrate 7 and the substrate 3, and ensuring the insulation between the common electrode 41 and the individual electrode 42. Supplied according to purpose. Thereby, durability and reliability of the electrophoretic display device 1 can be further improved.
The binder 52 is a resin material that is excellent in affinity (adhesion) with each of the electrodes 41 and 42 and the capsule body 511 (microcapsule 51) and excellent in insulating properties (resin material that only allows insulation or minute current to flow). ) Is preferably used.

  Further, the binder 52 has a sufficiently high resistance component (resistance value) that does not form a current leakage path when voltages V3 and V5 as described later are applied between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42. have. Specifically, the resistance value of the binder 52 varies depending on the strength of the voltage applied between the common electrode 41 and the individual electrode 42, but is preferably 5 to 20 GΩ, and preferably 10 to 15 GΩ. More preferred.

Examples of such a binder 52 include urethane resins such as polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, nylon 66, polyurethane, epoxide, polyimide, ABS resin, polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethacrylate. Various resin materials such as methacrylate resin such as ethyl acetate, polybutyl methacrylate and polyoctyl methacrylate, vinyl chloride resin, cellulose resin, silicone resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
Note that the thickness d _b1 of the upper binder layer 521 varies depending on the value of the dielectric constant ε _b1 of the upper binder layer 521, and is a value of (ε _b1 / d _b1 ) (that is, electrostatic per unit area of the upper binder layer 521 (Capacity) can be appropriately set so as to be within the setting range. The same applies to the lower binder layer 522.

A sealing portion is provided between the base portion 31 and the base portion 71 and along the edges thereof. By this sealing portion, the common electrode 41, the individual electrode 42, and the display layer 5 are hermetically sealed. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent moisture from entering the electrophoretic display device 1 and more reliably prevent the display performance of the electrophoretic display device 1 from deteriorating.
As a constituent material of the sealing part, for example, thermoplastic resins such as acrylic resins, urethane resins, olefin resins, epoxy resins, melamine resins, thermosetting resins such as phenol resins, etc. A resin material etc. are mentioned, Among these, it can use combining 1 type (s) or 2 or more types. In addition, what is necessary is just to provide a sealing part as needed and can also be abbreviate | omitted.

-Operation of the electrophoretic display device 1-
Such an electrophoretic display device 1 operates as follows. In addition, since each microcapsule 51 has the same configuration, hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, one microcapsule 51 will be representatively described, and description of the other microcapsules 51 will be omitted. In the following description, the upper side in FIG. 2 is referred to as “upper” and the lower side is referred to as “lower”.

≪White display state≫
First, a state where white (the color of the positively charged particles A) is visually recognized as a display color will be described.
A desired voltage (voltage V3 described later) is applied between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42 by the voltage applying means 8, and an electric field is generated so that the common electrode 41 side has a negative potential and the individual electrode 42 side has a positive potential. An electric field is applied to the microcapsule 51. Then, the positively charged particle A migrates toward the common electrode 41 having a negative potential, and the one negatively charged particle B migrates toward the individual electrode 42 having a positive potential. Due to the migration of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B, as shown in FIG. 2A, the positively charged particles A are unevenly distributed on the common electrode 41 side, and the negatively charged particles B are on the individual electrode 42 side. It will be unevenly distributed. In this way, a white display state in which the color (white) of the positively charged particles A is visually recognized via the common electrode 41 is obtained.

≪Black display state≫
Next, a state where black (the color of the negatively charged particles B) is visually recognized as a display color will be described.
A desired voltage (voltage V5 described later) is applied between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42 by the voltage applying means 8, and an electric field is generated such that the common electrode 41 side has a positive potential and the individual electrode 42 side has a negative potential. Acts on the microcapsule 51. Then, the negatively charged particles B migrate toward the common electrode 41 having a positive potential, and the one positively charged particle A migrates toward the individual electrode 42 having a negative potential. Due to the migration of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B, as shown in FIG. 2B, the negatively charged particles B are unevenly distributed on the common electrode 41 side, and the positively charged particles A are on the individual electrode 42 side. It will be unevenly distributed. In this way, a black display state in which the color (black) of the negatively charged particles B is visually recognized through the common electrode 41 is obtained.
In such a configuration, by controlling the migration of the white particles A and the black particles B for each pixel, the reflected light from the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B is formed on the display surface side of the electrophoretic display device 1. On the basis of the desired information (image) is displayed.

Since the present invention is characterized by the voltage applied to the common electrode 41 by the voltage applying means 8, this voltage will be described in detail below.
FIG. 3A is a diagram showing an area corresponding to one microcapsule 51 (area shown in FIG. 2) as an equivalent circuit. R _b1 , R _c, and R _{b2 in} the figure are a resistance component (resistance value) of the upper binder layer 521, a resistance component of the microcapsule 51, and a resistance component of the lower binder layer 522, respectively. Further, C _b1 , C _c, and C _b2 in the figure are a capacitance component (capacitance) of the upper binder layer 521, a capacitance component of the microcapsule 51, and a capacitance component of the lower binder layer 522, respectively.

Further, the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 3A can be simplified to an equivalent circuit as shown in FIG. R _{b in} the figure is a combined component of the resistance component R _b1 of the upper binder layer 521 and the resistance component R _b2 of the lower binder layer 522, that is, the total resistance component of the binder 52. Similarly to this, C _b Is a combined component of the capacitive component C _b1 of the upper binder layer 521 and the capacitive component C _b2 of the lower binder layer 522, that is, the total capacitive component of the binder 52.

Here, prior to describing the voltages V3 and V5 applied between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42 by the voltage applying unit 8 in the present embodiment, the conventionally used voltage V1 will be described.
Conventionally, when the electrophoretic display device 1 is in a black display state, the voltage application means 8 causes the pair of electrodes 41 and 42 to be distributed between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42 in order to make the black negatively charged particles B unevenly distributed on the common electrode side. ) Is applied once or a plurality of times.

Voltage V1 after the voltage applied to abruptly at time T _a, the predetermined time, the voltage value is kept constant. Here, since the microcapsule 51 is sandwiched between the upper binder layer 521 and the lower binder layer 522, even if the voltage V1 is applied between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42, the voltage V1 is directly applied to the microcapsule 51. Instead, the voltage V2 as shown in FIG. 4B is applied to the microcapsule 51.
The voltage V2 alternately repeats the transient response time voltage V21 and the transient response time outside voltage V22 in which the voltage value is kept substantially constant. In the following, for convenience of explanation, the transient response time voltage V21 and the transient response time outside voltage V22 are also simply referred to as “voltage V21” and “voltage V22”, respectively.

The voltage V21 is a voltage that is transiently generated between the time T _{a and} T _b after the voltage V1 is applied between the electrodes 41 and 42 and the voltage rises sharply, and has a sharp peak of the maximum voltage value V21max. Have. This voltage V21 is a partial pressure which is defined by the ratio of the capacitance component C _b of the capacitance component C _c and the binder 52 of the microcapsules 51.
On the other hand, the voltage V22 is generated after a lapse of the transient response time (time T _b after), at a partial pressure which is defined by the ratio of the resistance component R _b of the resistance component of the microcapsules 51 R _c and binder 52, the voltage Lower than V21. The maximum voltage value of the voltage V22 is set to V22max.
That is, for example, when a voltage having a voltage value V ₀ is applied between the pair of electrodes 41, 42, the maximum voltage value V 21 max of the voltage V 21 can be expressed by {C _b / (C _c + C _b )} V _0. , the maximum voltage value V22max voltage V22 _can be expressed by _{{R c / (R c +} R b)} V 0.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4B, the time during which the voltage V <b> 21 is applied to the microcapsule 51 is much shorter than the time during which the voltage V <b> 22 is applied to the microcapsule 51. For this reason, the electrophoretic display device 1 is driven predominantly by the voltage V22.
From this _{viewpoint, V22max = {R c / (} R c + R b)} As is apparent from _{V 0} the relationship, if smaller than the resistance component _{R b} binder 52 to the capacitance component _{R c,} a pair while suppressing the voltage value of the voltage V ₀ to be applied between the electrodes 41 and 42, it is possible to increase the voltage value of the voltage V22, it is possible to realize a power-saving driving of the electrophoretic display device 1.

For this reason, conventionally, a binder 52 having a small resistance component _Rb is used as the binder 52. However, since the binder 52 has a small resistance component _Rb , the binder 52 forms a current leakage path, and the leakage current increases. In some cases, this causes malfunction due to an increase in leakage current. In addition, such an increase in leakage current has led to an increase in power consumption, rather than a power saving drive of the electrophoretic display device 1.

In view of such a problem, in the present invention, the electrophoretic display device 1 is not driven by the transient response time non-voltage defined by the ratio of the resistance components R _c and R _b as in the prior art. The electrophoretic display device 1 is driven by the voltage within the transient response time defined by the ratio of C _c and C _b .
According to such a driving method, the resistance component _Rb of the binder 52 can be made large enough to prevent the leakage current, thereby preventing the generation of the leakage current and the electrophoretic display device 1. Stable driving is possible and power can be saved.

Hereinafter, the voltage applied between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42 in order to drive the electrophoretic display device 1 with the voltage within the transient response time defined by the ratio of the capacitance components C _c and C _b will be specifically described. (The driving method of the present invention will be described).
First, the voltage applied between the pair of electrode tubes 41 and 42 when setting the white display state described above will be described.
The voltage applied to the common electrode 41 in the white display state is preferably a sawtooth alternating voltage V3 (hereinafter also simply referred to as “voltage V3”) as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the voltage V3 is an alternating voltage that alternately and periodically repeats a voltage increase and a steep voltage decrease (a voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the voltage increase). .

Among the voltage V3, from time T ₀ until it reaches the time T _1, in such from time T ₁ until it reaches the time T _3, straight and gently voltage is rising. The amount of change in voltage per unit time when the voltage rises is preferably about 0.1 V / s to 1.0 V / ms, and more preferably about 0.1 to 0.5 V / ms.
By setting the amount of change in voltage per unit time when the voltage rises within the above range, it is possible to prevent a sharp rise in voltage and to prevent generation of a voltage within a transient response time when the voltage rises. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the generation of an electric field whose direction is opposite to the electric field to be applied to the microcapsule 51 in order to obtain a white display state (an electric field having a positive potential on the common electrode 41 side and a negative potential on the individual electrode 42 side). The positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B can be smoothly migrated in desired directions, respectively.

  Furthermore, by setting the amount of change in voltage per unit time when the voltage rises within the above range, the time required to raise the voltage to a predetermined value can be made relatively short. It can be shortened and more transient response time voltages can be generated per unit time. Therefore, the display color switching speed can be improved.

  On the other hand, at time T1, T3, etc., the voltage drops sharply. The larger the amount of change (decrease amount) in voltage per unit time at the time of such a voltage drop, the better, but it is preferably 1 V / ms or more. In the present embodiment, the voltage drops in a direction substantially perpendicular to the time axis (horizontal axis) (that is, the amount of change in voltage per unit time is ∞ / ms). As a result, the voltage can be changed abruptly, and accordingly, the voltage within the transient response time can be more reliably generated.

The frequency of the voltage V3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 10 Hz to 100 MHz, and more preferably 100 kHz to 10 MHz.
By the frequency of the voltage V3 in the above range, it is possible to sufficiently secure the time for raising the voltage (for example, time T _{0 ~} time time to T ₁₎ in each period of the voltage V3, the maximum voltage V3 The difference between the voltage value V3max and the minimum voltage value V3min can be increased. As a result, the voltage within the transient response time can be more reliably generated.

In addition, more transient response time voltages can be generated per unit time, and the migration distance of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B per unit time can be increased. As a result, the display color switching speed can be improved.
The maximum voltage value V3max of the voltage V3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 100V. Further, the minimum voltage value V3min of the voltage V3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about -1 to -100V.

When the voltage V3 as described above is applied between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42, the voltage V4 as shown in FIG. 5B is applied to the microcapsule 51. That is, since the resistance component _Rb of the binder 52 is large as described above, most (almost all) of the voltage is applied to the binder 52 (the upper binder layer 521 and the lower binder layer 522) when the voltage V3 rises. Only the in-transient response time voltage V41 generated when the voltage V3 sharply drops is not applied to the microcapsule 51 and is not affected by the magnitude of the resistance component _Rb of the binder 52. Will be applied.

  When such a voltage V4 is applied to the microcapsule 51, an electric field that causes the common electrode 41 side to be negative and the individual electrode 42 side to be positive is generated in the microcapsule 51 when the transient response time voltage V41 is generated. Thus, the white positively charged particles A migrate to the common electrode 41 side, and the black negatively charged particles B migrate to the individual electrode 42 side. Thereby, the white display state as described above is obtained.

  Further, even when such a voltage V4 is applied to the microcapsule 51, when the voltage V41 within the transient response time is not generated, almost no current flows between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42, so that almost no power is consumed. However, even if the maximum voltage value V3max is set relatively large (for example, 100 V as described above), the power-saving drive can be performed. That is, the voltage V4 can save power while improving the display switching speed of the electrophoretic display device 1.

Next, a voltage applied between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42 when the above-described black display state is set will be described.
The voltage applied between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42 in the black display state is a sawtooth wave-like alternating voltage V5 (hereinafter also simply referred to as “voltage V5”) as shown in FIG. preferable. As shown in the figure, the voltage V5 is an alternating voltage that alternately and periodically repeats a voltage decrease and a voltage increase that is steeper than the voltage decrease rate of the voltage decrease. The voltage V5 is also a voltage having a waveform symmetrical to the voltage V3 described above with respect to the time axis.
Among the voltage V5, from time T ₀ until it reaches the time T _1, in such from time T ₁ until it reaches the time T _3, straight and gently voltage is lowered. The amount of change in voltage per unit time during such a voltage drop is preferably about 0.1 V / s to 1.0 V / ms, more preferably about 0.1 to 0.5 V / ms. preferable.

  By setting the amount of change in voltage per unit time when the voltage drops within the above range, it is possible to prevent the voltage from dropping sharply and to prevent generation of a voltage within the transient response time when the voltage drops. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the generation of an electric field whose direction is opposite to the electric field to be applied to the microcapsule 51 in order to obtain a black display state (an electric field having a negative potential on the common electrode 41 side and a positive potential on the individual electrode 42 side). The positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B can be smoothly migrated in desired directions, respectively.

  Furthermore, by setting the amount of change in voltage per unit time when the voltage drops to the above range, the time required to drop the voltage to a predetermined value can be made relatively short. It can be shortened and more transient response time voltages can be generated per unit time. Therefore, the display color switching speed can be improved.

On the other hand, at times T ₁ , T _3, etc., the voltage rises sharply. The larger the amount of change in voltage per unit time when the voltage rises, the better. However, it is preferably 1 V / ms or more. In the present embodiment, the voltage increases in a direction substantially perpendicular to the time axis (horizontal axis) (that is, the amount of change in voltage per unit time is ∞ / ms). As a result, the voltage can be changed abruptly, and accordingly, the voltage within the transient response time can be more reliably generated.

Further, the frequency of the voltage V5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 10 Hz to 100 MHz, and more preferably 100 kHz to 10 MHz.
By the frequency of the voltage V5 in the above range, it is possible to sufficiently secure the time for lowering the voltage (for example, time T _{0 ~} time time to T ₁₎ in each period of the voltage V5, the maximum voltage V5 The difference between the voltage value V5max and the minimum voltage value V5min can be increased. As a result, the voltage within the transient response time can be more reliably generated.

In addition, more transient response time voltages can be generated per unit time, and the migration distance of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B per unit time can be increased. As a result, the display color switching speed can be improved.
The maximum voltage value V5max of the voltage V5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 100V. Further, the minimum voltage value V5min of the voltage V5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about -1 to -100V.

When the voltage V5 as described above is applied between the common electrode 41 and the individual electrode 42, the voltage V6 as shown in FIG. 6B is applied to the microcapsule 51. That is, since the resistance component _Rb of the binder 52 is large as described above, most (almost all) of the voltage is applied to the binder 52 (the upper binder layer 521 and the lower binder layer 522) when the voltage V5 drops. Only the voltage V61 in the transient response time generated when the voltage V5 is sharply increased and hardly applied to the microcapsule 51 and not affected by the magnitude of the resistance component _Rb of the binder 52 is the microcapsule 51. Will be applied.

  When such a voltage V6 is applied to the microcapsule 51, an electric field that causes the common electrode 41 side to be positive and the individual electrode 42 side to be negative is generated in the microcapsule 51 when the transient response time voltage V61 is generated. Thus, the black negatively charged particles B migrate to the common electrode 41 side, and the white positively charged particles A migrate to the individual electrode 42 side. Thereby, the black display state as described above is obtained.

  Further, even when such a voltage V6 is applied to the microcapsule 51, when the voltage V61 within the transient response time is not generated, almost no current flows between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42, so that almost no power is consumed. However, even when the minimum voltage value V5min is set relatively large (for example, −100 V as described above), the power saving drive can be performed. That is, with the voltage V6, it is possible to save power while improving the display switching speed of the electrophoretic display device 1.

Above, the transient response time in the voltage V41,61, it has been described that driving the electrophoretic display device 1, such transient response time in the voltage V41,61 respectively, and the capacitance component C _c of the microcapsules 51 a voltage defined by the ratio of the capacitance component C _b of the binder 52. The ratio (C _c : C _b ) of the capacitance components C _c and C _b varies depending on the voltage values of the voltages V3 and V5 (maximum voltage values V3max, V5max, minimum voltage values V3min, V5min), for example. , Preferably in the range of 0: 1 to 100: 1, more preferably in the range of 0: 1 to 50: 1. By setting C _c : C _b within the above range, transient response time voltages V41 and 61 large enough to cause the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B to migrate can be generated.
The film thickness of the capsule body (shell) 511 of the microcapsule 51 is sufficiently smaller than the thickness of the microcapsule layer 510 (the outer diameter of the microcapsule 51). It can be said that “C _c ” is substantially a capacitive component of the liquid phase dispersion medium 53 filled in the microcapsule 51.

  In order to more reliably apply a voltage to the microcapsule 51, it is preferable that the capacity component Cb of the binder 52 is larger than the capacity component Cc of the capsule. The capacitance component (capacitance) Cb of the binder 52 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 pF to 400 pF, and more preferably 250 pF to 350 pF. The capacitance component (capacitance) Cc of the microcapsule 51 is preferably 50 to 150 pF, and more preferably 80 pF to 130 pF.

Further, for example, the thickness of the microcapsules 51 (microcapsule layer 510) and d _c, when the dielectric constant of the microcapsules 51 was epsilon _c, the capacitance component C _c per unit area of the microcapsules 51, (epsilon _c / d _c ). For the same reason as described above, it can be said that the dielectric constant ε _c of the microcapsule 51 is substantially the dielectric constant of the liquid phase dispersion medium 53.
Similarly, the thickness of the binder 52 (the thickness of the upper binder layer 521, the total thickness of the lower binder layer 522) and d _b, when the dielectric constant of the binder 52 was epsilon _b, unit area of the binder 52 The per-capacitance component C _b can be expressed by (ε _b / d _b ).

That is, the capacitance component C _c (C _b ) is a function of the dielectric constant ε _c (ε _b ) and the thickness d _c (d _b ), and the ratio of the dielectric constant ε _c to the dielectric constant ε _b (ε _c : ε the _b), the thickness _d c, varies depending on the value of _{d b,} for example, the thickness _d c, if _{d b} are equal, 0.01: 1 to 100: preferably a first range . By setting ε _c : ε _b within the above range, the ratio of the capacity components C _c and C _b can be made preferable, and the size is sufficient to cause the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B to migrate. The transient response time voltages V41 and 61 can be generated.

<< Second Embodiment >>
Next, a second embodiment of the display device of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a second embodiment of the display device of the present invention.
Hereinafter, the electrophoretic display device according to the second embodiment will be described. The description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
The electrophoretic display device according to this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the shape of the microcapsule is different.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the microcapsule 51 of the present embodiment exists in a spherical shape. Thereby, the microcapsule 51 has excellent pressure resistance and bleed resistance. Therefore, when the electrophoretic display device 1 is operated as described above or while the electrophoretic display device 1 is stored, an impact is applied to the electrophoretic display device 1 or the display surface is pressed. Even in this case, destruction of the microcapsule 51 and dissipation of the electrophoretic dispersion liquid can be prevented, and the device can operate stably for a long time.

In addition, it is preferable that the average particle diameter of the microcapsule 51 is about 5-50 micrometers, and it is more preferable that it is about 10-30 micrometers. By setting the average particle size of the microcapsules 51 within the above range, the electrophoresis of the positively charged particles A and the negatively charged particles B described later in the electrophoretic display device 1 can be more reliably controlled.
The electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment as described above exhibits the same operations and effects as the first embodiment.

<Electronic equipment>
The electrophoretic display device 1 as described above can be incorporated into various electronic devices. Hereinafter, the electronic apparatus of the present invention including the electrophoretic display device 1 will be described.
<< Electronic Paper >>
First, an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to electronic paper will be described.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to electronic paper.
An electronic paper 600 shown in FIG. 8 includes a main body 601 composed of a rewritable sheet having the same texture and flexibility as paper, and a display unit 602.
In such an electronic paper 600, the display unit 602 includes the electrophoretic display device 1 as described above.

<< Display >>
Next, an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to a display will be described.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to a display. 9A is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 9B is a plan view.
A display (display device) 800 illustrated in FIG. 9 includes a main body portion 801 and an electronic paper 600 that is detachably attached to the main body portion 801. The electronic paper 600 has the same configuration as described above, that is, the configuration shown in FIG.

  The main body 801 has an insertion port 805 into which the electronic paper 600 can be inserted on its side (right side in FIG. 9A), and two pairs of conveying rollers 802a and 802b are provided inside. Yes. When the electronic paper 600 is inserted into the main body 801 through the insertion port 805, the electronic paper 600 is installed in the main body 801 in a state of being sandwiched between the pair of conveyance rollers 802a and 802b.

  A rectangular hole 803 is formed on the display surface side of the main body 801 (the front side in FIG. 9B), and a transparent glass plate 804 is fitted in the hole 803. . Thereby, the electronic paper 600 installed in the main body 801 can be viewed from the outside of the main body 801. That is, in the display 800, the display surface is configured by visually recognizing the electronic paper 600 installed in the main body 801 on the transparent glass plate 804.

Further, a terminal portion 806 is provided at the leading end portion (left side in FIG. 9) of the electronic paper 600 in the insertion direction, and the terminal is provided inside the main body portion 801 with the electronic paper 600 installed on the main body portion 801. A socket 807 to which the unit 806 is connected is provided. A controller 808 and an operation unit 809 are electrically connected to the socket 807.
In such a display 800, the electronic paper 600 is detachably installed on the main body 801, and can be carried and used while being detached from the main body 801.
In such a display 800, the electronic paper 600 is configured by the electrophoretic display device 1 as described above.

  Note that the electronic apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the application to the above, and for example, a television, a viewfinder type, a monitor direct view type video tape recorder, a car navigation device, a pager, an electronic notebook, a calculator, an electronic Examples include newspapers, word processors, personal computers, workstations, videophones, POS terminals, and devices equipped with touch panels. The electrophoretic display device 1 of the present invention is applied to the display units of these various electronic devices. Is possible.

As described above, the display device, the electronic apparatus, and the driving method of the display device of the present invention have been described based on the illustrated embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the configuration of each part has the same function. It can be replaced with one having any structure. In addition, any other component may be added to the present invention.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the display device of the present invention is applied to an electrophoretic display device has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the liquid dispersion medium is omitted and only charged particles are contained inside the microcapsule. You may apply to the display apparatus which enclosed.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where positively charged particles and negatively charged particles are enclosed in a microcapsule has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and only one of positively charged particles and negatively charged particles is enclosed. It may be what has been done.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Electrophoretic display device (display device) 2 ... Electrophoretic display sheet (front plane) 3 ... Substrate 31 ... Base 41 ... Common electrode (first electrode) 42 ... Individual electrode (second electrode) Electrode) 5 …… Display layer 51 …… Microcapsule 510 …… Microcapsule layer 511 …… Capsule body (shell) 52 …… Binder 521 …… Upper binder layer 522 …… Lower binder layer 53 …… Liquid phase dispersion Medium 6 …… Circuit board (backplane) 7 …… Counter substrate 71 …… Base 8 …… Voltage applying means 600 …… Electronic paper 601 …… Main body 602 …… Display unit 800 …… Display 801 …… Main body 802a, 802b …… Conveying roller pair 803 …… Hole portion 804 …… Transparent glass plate 805 …… Insertion port 806 …… Terminal portion 807 …… Socket 808 …… Controller 809 …… Operation section A …… Positively charged particle B …… Negatively charged particle

Claims (13)

A first electrode provided on the display side and having light transparency;
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A display layer, which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and includes a storage unit that stores positively charged positively charged particles in a movable manner, and a binder that holds the storage unit and has an insulating property;
Voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode,
The voltage applying means includes a first alternating voltage that repeats a voltage increase and a voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the voltage decrease and the decrease. And a second alternating voltage can be applied,
By applying the first alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage drops in a short time is applied to the housing portion, The positively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side by the action of an electric field, and the positively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the first electrode side,
By applying the second alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage rises in the short time is applied to the housing portion, The display device, wherein the positively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side by the action of an electric field so that the positively charged particles are unevenly distributed to the second electrode side. A first electrode provided on the display side and having light transparency;
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A display layer, which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and includes a storage unit that movably stores negatively charged particles that are negatively charged, and a binder that holds the storage unit and has an insulating property;
Voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode,
The voltage applying means includes a first alternating voltage that repeats a voltage increase and a voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the voltage decrease and the decrease. And a second alternating voltage can be applied,
By applying the first alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage drops in a short time is applied to the housing portion, The negatively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side by the action of an electric field, and the negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed to the second electrode side,
By applying the second alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage rises in the short time is applied to the housing portion, A display device, wherein the negatively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side by the action of an electric field, and the negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed to the first electrode side. A first electrode provided on the display side and having light transparency;
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A container provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and containing a positively charged positively charged particle and a negatively charged particle having a different color from the positively charged particle and negatively charged; A display layer comprising a binder that holds the accommodating portion and has an insulating property;
Voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode,
The voltage applying means includes a first alternating voltage that repeats a voltage increase and a voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the voltage decrease and the decrease. And a second alternating voltage can be applied,
By applying the first alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage drops in a short time is applied to the housing portion, Due to the action of an electric field, the positively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side, the negatively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side, and the positively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side. Negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the second electrode side,
By applying the second alternating voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, a transient electric field generated when the voltage rises in the short time is applied to the housing portion, The positively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side by the action of an electric field, the negatively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side, and the positively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side. A display device, wherein negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the first electrode side.   4. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, in the first voltage, a change amount of the voltage per unit time when the steep voltage drops is 1 V / ms or more. 5.   5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein in the first voltage, a change amount of the voltage per unit time when the voltage is increased is 0.1 V / s to 1 V / ms. 6.   6. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, in the second voltage, the amount of change in voltage per unit time when the steep voltage rises is 1 V / ms or more.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein in the second voltage, the amount of change in voltage per unit time when the voltage drops is 0.1 V / s to 1 V / ms.   The capacitance of the accommodating part is C1, the electrostatic capacity of the binder between the accommodating part and the first electrode is C2, and the electrostatic capacity is between the accommodating part and the second electrode. The display device according to claim 1, wherein C1: (C2 + C3) satisfies a range of 0: 1 to 100: 1, where C3 is C3.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein a dispersion liquid in which the positively charged particles and / or the negatively charged particles are dispersed is sealed in the housing portion.   An electronic apparatus comprising the display device according to claim 1. A first electrode provided on the display side and having light transparency;
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A display layer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and containing a positively charged positively charged particle movably and a binder that holds the storage and has an insulating property; Have
A first alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to repeat the voltage increase and the voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and the voltage decrease in the short time Drive pattern in which the positively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side by causing a transient electric field generated in the process to act on the housing portion, and the positively charged particles are unevenly distributed to the first electrode side When,
A second alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second alternating voltage repeats a voltage decrease and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the decrease, and the voltage increase in the short time A driving pattern that causes the positively charged particles to move toward the second electrode by causing a transient electric field generated at the time to act on the housing portion, and causes the positively charged particles to be unevenly distributed toward the second electrode; A driving method of a display device, wherein A first electrode provided on the display side and having light transparency;
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A display layer, which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and which contains a negatively charged negatively charged particle so as to be movable, and a binder that holds the storage and has an insulating property; Have
A first alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to repeat the voltage increase and the voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and the voltage decrease in the short time Drive pattern in which the negatively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side and the negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed to the second electrode side by applying a transient electric field generated in the process to the housing portion. When,
A second alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second alternating voltage repeats a voltage decrease and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the decrease, and the voltage increase in the short time A drive pattern that causes the negatively charged particles to move to the first electrode side by causing a transient electric field generated at the time to act on the housing portion, and causes the negatively charged particles to be unevenly distributed to the first electrode side; A driving method of a display device, wherein A first electrode provided on the display side and having light transparency;
A second electrode disposed opposite the first electrode;
A container provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and containing a positively charged positively charged particle and a negatively charged negatively charged particle having a color different from that of the positively charged particle; A display layer that includes a binder that holds the container and has insulating properties,
A first alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to repeat the voltage increase and the voltage decrease in a shorter time than the time required for the increase, and the voltage decrease in the short time The positively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side by moving a transient electric field generated at the time to the accommodating portion, and the negatively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side, A drive pattern in which the positively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the first electrode side, and the negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the second electrode side, and
A second alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second alternating voltage repeats a voltage decrease and a voltage increase in a shorter time than the time required for the decrease, and the voltage increase in the short time The positively charged particles are moved to the second electrode side by causing a transient electric field generated at the time to act on the housing portion, and the negatively charged particles are moved to the first electrode side, A driving method of a display device, characterized in that the positively charged particles are driven by a drive pattern in which the negatively charged particles are unevenly distributed on the second electrode side and the negatively charged particles on the first electrode side, respectively.

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