JP5175643B2 - Air conditioning control system and air conditioning control device - Google Patents
Air conditioning control system and air conditioning control device Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、オフィスや住居等の空調を制御する空調制御システムおよび空調制御装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an air conditioning control system and an air conditioning control device that control air conditioning in an office, a residence, and the like.
オフィスや住居などの建築施設全体で消費されるエネルギーは、空調関連のエネルギーが約半分を占めている。そのため、空調制御に関する省エネルギーの推進が、建築施設全体の省エネルギー化に大きく貢献する。 About half of the energy consumed in the entire building facilities such as offices and residences is energy related to air conditioning. Therefore, the promotion of energy saving related to air conditioning control greatly contributes to energy saving of the entire building facility.
一方で、空調制御の対象となる室内では在室者の温熱感覚を満足させるため、いわゆる快適性を確保することが要求されている。 On the other hand, in a room that is subject to air conditioning control, it is required to ensure so-called comfort in order to satisfy the thermal sensation of the occupants.
この「省エネルギーの推進」と「在室者の快適性の確保」とはトレードオフの関係にあり、省エネルギーを推進すると在室者の快適性が低下する場合が多いが、この快適性の範囲を超えた過剰なエネルギー消費を抑えることにより、在室者の快適性を確保しつつ無駄なエネルギー消費を抑えることは可能である。 There is a trade-off between this “promotion of energy conservation” and “ensuring the comfort of occupants”, and the promotion of energy conservation often reduces the comfort of occupants. By suppressing the excessive energy consumption exceeding, it is possible to suppress wasteful energy consumption while ensuring the comfort of the occupants.
空調制御には、在室者が感じる快適性の指標としてＰＭＶ（Predicted Mean Vote;予測平均回答）と呼ばれる快適性指数が広く採用されている。 In the air conditioning control, a comfort index called PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) is widely adopted as an index of comfort felt by occupants.
この快適性指標ＰＭＶについて説明する。人間の快適性を考えて、適正な室内温熱環境を確保するにあたっては、暑さ、寒さに対する人間の温熱感覚を考慮することが重要である。これに影響を与える変数として次のものがある。 The comfort index PMV will be described. In consideration of human comfort, it is important to consider the human thermal sensation of heat and cold when ensuring an appropriate indoor thermal environment. The following variables affect this:
(1)空気温度 (2)相対湿度 (3)平均輻射温度 (4)気流速度 (5)活動量(人体の内部発熱量) (6)着衣量
人の発熱量は対流による放射量、輻射による放熱量、人からの蒸発熱量、呼吸による放熱量および蓄熱量の合計で、これらの熱平衡式が成立している場合は、人体が熱的に中立であり、暑くも寒くもない快適状態である。逆に熱平衡式がくずれた場合に人体は暑さ寒さを感じる。デンマーク工科大学のFanger教授は1967年に快適方程式の導出を発表し、これを出発点として人体の熱負荷と人間の温冷感を、欧米人の多数の被験者のアンケートから統計分析して結び付け、ＰＭＶを提案した。これは近年ＩＳＯ規格にも取り上げられ最近よく用いられるようになった。温冷感の指標となるＰＭＶは、次の７段階評価尺度による数値として表す。
(1) Air temperature (2) Relative humidity (3) Average radiation temperature (4) Airflow velocity (5) Activity (Human body heat generation) (6) Clothing amount Human heat generation is due to convection radiation and radiation If these heat balance formulas are established for the total amount of heat released, the amount of heat evaporated from the person, the amount of heat released by breathing, and the amount of heat stored, the human body is thermally neutral and is in a comfortable state that is neither hot nor cold. . Conversely, when the thermal balance equation breaks down, the human body feels hot and cold. In 1967, Professor Fanger of the Danish Institute of Technology announced the derivation of the comfort equation, and using this as a starting point, the thermal load of the human body and the thermal sensation of the human were statistically analyzed from questionnaires of a large number of European and American subjects, PMV was proposed. In recent years, this has been taken up by the ISO standard and has recently been used frequently. PMV, which is an index of thermal sensation, is expressed as a numerical value based on the following seven-level evaluation scale.
＋３:暑い ＋２:暖かい
＋１:やや暖かい
０:どちらでもない、快適
−１:やや涼しい
−２:涼しい −３:寒い
人間の快適な範囲は−０．５〜＋０．５である。
+3: Hot +2: Warm +1: Slightly warm 0: None, comfortable -1: Slightly cool -2: Cool -3: Cold The comfortable range for humans is -0.5 to +0.5.
上記、６つの変数のうち作業強度を表す活動量は通常、代謝量はmetで、着衣量はcloの単位を用いる。 Of the above six variables, the amount of activity representing work intensity is usually met by the metabolic rate met and the clothing amount by clo.
Met（メット）は代謝量を表す単位で、熱的に快適な状態における安静時代謝を基準とする。１metは下記式（１）で表される。 Met is a unit that expresses metabolic rate, and is based on resting metabolism in a thermally comfortable state. 1met is represented by the following formula (1).
〔数１〕
1met ＝ 58.2 W/m２ ＝ 50 kcal/m２・h （１）
ｃｌｏ（クロ）は衣服の熱絶縁性を表す単位で、１clo とは気温 21℃，相対湿度 50％，気流 5cm/s以下の室内で，体表面からの放熱量が1metの代謝と平衡するような着衣状態での値で、通常の熱抵抗値に換算すると下記式（２）となる。
[Equation 1]
1met = 58.2 W / m 2 = 50 kcal / m 2 · h (1)
Clo is a unit that expresses the thermal insulation of clothes. 1clo means that the amount of heat released from the body surface is balanced with the metabolism of 1met in a room with an air temperature of 21 ° C, a relative humidity of 50%, and an airflow of 5cm / s or less. When converted into a normal thermal resistance value with a value in a proper clothing state, the following equation (2) is obtained.
〔数２〕
1clo ＝ 0.155 m２・℃/W ＝ 0.18 m２・h・℃/kcal （２）
また、ＰＭＶは下記式（３）で計算されることが知られている。
[Equation 2]
1clo = 0.155 m 2 · ° C / W = 0.18 m 2 · h · ° C / kcal (2)
Moreover, it is known that PMV is calculated by the following formula (3).
〔数３〕
ここで、Ｍ：活動量［ｋｃａｌ／ｈ］
Ａ：人体表面積［ｍ２］
Ｌ：人体熱負荷［ｋｃａｌ／ｍ２ｈ］（Fangerの快適方程式より算定）
である。
[Equation 3]
Where M: activity [kcal / h]
A: Human body surface area [m 2 ]
L: Human body heat load [kcal / m 2 h] (calculated from Fanger's comfort equation)
It is.
このＰＭＶを考慮するとともに空調機器の動力を低減化して省エネ化を図る空調システムが数多く提案されている。 Many air-conditioning systems that take this PMV into account and reduce the power of air-conditioning equipment to save energy have been proposed.
例えば特許文献１には、ヒートポンプ型の空調機と吸湿剤を用いた除湿機能を備えたデシカント空調機とを併用し、現在のＰＭＶ値におけるエネルギー消費量予測曲線上の予測値を参照することによりエネルギーの消費量が最小となる現時点における運転比率を知ることができ、これに基づいて空調制御を行うことにより快適性と省エネルギー化との両立を図る空調制御装置が記載されている。 For example, in Patent Document 1, a heat pump type air conditioner and a desiccant air conditioner having a dehumidifying function using a hygroscopic agent are used in combination, and the predicted value on the energy consumption prediction curve at the current PMV value is referred to. There is described an air conditioning control device that can know the current operation ratio at which energy consumption is minimized, and achieves both comfort and energy saving by performing air conditioning control based on this.
また特許文献２には、快適とされるＰＭＶ値における温度と湿度との関係を示すＰＭＶ曲線と、空調制御対象の室内の温度および湿度の現在値とを取得し、このＰＭＶ曲線上にあり且つ取得した現在値に近接している位置の温度および湿度の値を目標値として求め、この目標値に基づいて空調制御を行うことにより快適性と省エネルギー化との両立を図る空調制御装置が記載されている。
ところで、上述したように人間の温熱感覚に影響を与える因子には(1)空気温度、(2)相対湿度、(3)平均輻射温度、(4)気流速度、(5)活動量(人体の内部発熱量)、(6)着衣量があるが、このうち特許文献１ではデシカント空調機を用いて湿度を制御している。しかし、デシカント空調機は湿度制御性能には優れているものの高価であり、また、空調機が大きくなることから一般の空調システムには適さないという問題があった。 By the way, as described above, factors that affect human thermal sensation include (1) air temperature, (2) relative humidity, (3) average radiation temperature, (4) airflow velocity, (5) activity ( Internal heat generation amount) and (6) clothing amount. Among these, Patent Document 1 uses a desiccant air conditioner to control the humidity. However, although the desiccant air conditioner is excellent in humidity control performance, it is expensive, and since the air conditioner becomes large, there is a problem that it is not suitable for a general air conditioning system.
また、特許文献２では、温度、湿度、に加えて風量の変化も考慮して空調制御を行う場合について記載されているが、快適性と省エネルギー化とを両立させるためのこれらの最適な設定値をどのように導き出すかが大きな問題であるが、この点について触れられていなかった。 Patent Document 2 describes a case where air conditioning control is performed in consideration of changes in air volume in addition to temperature and humidity. However, these optimum setting values for achieving both comfort and energy saving are disclosed. It is a big problem how to derive the point, but this point was not mentioned.
また、室内に送る風は、部屋温度に対して大幅に低い温度であると在室者にとって不快となるが、特許文献２においてはこの送り出す風の温度については何ら考慮されていなかった。 In addition, the wind sent to the room is uncomfortable for the occupants if the temperature is significantly lower than the room temperature. However, in Patent Document 2, no consideration is given to the temperature of the wind sent out.
そこで本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、在室者への快適性が考慮された風を利用して、所要動力の省エネルギー化を図った空調制御を効率的に行う空調制御システムおよび空調制御装置を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an air conditioning control system that efficiently performs air conditioning control that saves energy of required power by using wind in consideration of comfort for occupants. And it aims at providing an air-conditioning control device.
上記目的を達成するための本発明の空調制御システムは、空調制御対象の室内の還気を取り込んで温度を調整する還気温度調整手段と、室外の外気を取り込んで湿度を調整する外気湿度調整手段と、前記還気温度調整手段で調整された空気と、前記外気湿度調整手段で調整された空気とを混合して取り込み、前記空調制御対象の室内に直接送風する空気と風速を調整する空気とに分流するダンパーと、前記空調制御対象の室内の天井近くの還気を取り込み、前記ダンパーで分流された風速を調整する空気と混合し、回転数により風速を調整して前記空調制御対象の室内に送風するファンと、前記ファンにより送風された空気の温度を計測する室内送風温度センサと、前記空調制御対象の室内の温度を計測する室内温度センサと、制御目標とする快適指数値における温度値と、湿度値と、風速値との関係を示す環境データを記憶する環境データ記憶手段と、前記環境データ記憶手段に記憶されている環境データの中から、当該空調制御システム内の消費エネルギー値が最小となる温度値と湿度値と風速値との組み合わせを、前記空調制御対象の室内温度目標値、室内湿度目標値、室内風速目標値として選択する目標値選択手段と、前記空調制御対象の室内の温度が前記室内温度目標値となるように、前記還気温度調整手段の処理を制御するとともに、前記空調制御対象の室内の湿度が前記室内湿度目標値となるように、前記外気湿度調整手段の処理を制御する温湿度調整処理制御手段と、前記空調制御対象の室内の風速が前記室内風速目標値となるように、前記ファンの回転数を制御するファン制御手段と、前記室内温度センサの計測値と前記室内送風温度センサの計測値との偏差が所定値以内になるように、前記ダンパーにおける前記空調制御対象の室内に送風する空気と前記ファンに導く空気との分流比率を制御するダンパー制御手段とを有することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the air conditioning control system of the present invention includes a return air temperature adjusting means for adjusting the temperature by taking in the return air inside the air-conditioning control target, and an outside air humidity adjustment for adjusting the humidity by taking in the outside air outside the room. The air adjusted by the return air temperature adjusting means and the air adjusted by the outside air humidity adjusting means, and the air that is directly blown into the air-conditioning control target room and the air that adjusts the wind speed A damper that divides the air flow into the air-conditioning control room and a return air near the ceiling of the air-conditioning control target room, mixed with air that adjusts the air speed divided by the damper, and adjusts the wind speed according to the number of rotations to adjust the air-conditioning control target. A fan that blows into the room, an indoor air temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the air blown by the fan, an indoor temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the air-conditioning control target, and a control target. Environmental data storage means for storing environmental data indicating the relationship between the temperature value, humidity value, and wind speed value in the comfort index value, and the air conditioning control system from among the environmental data stored in the environmental data storage means Target value selection means for selecting a combination of a temperature value, a humidity value, and a wind speed value at which the energy consumption value in the interior is the minimum as an indoor temperature target value, an indoor humidity target value, and an indoor wind speed target value of the air conditioning control target; The processing of the return air temperature adjusting means is controlled so that the indoor temperature of the air conditioning control target becomes the indoor temperature target value, and the humidity of the air conditioning control target room becomes the indoor humidity target value. Temperature and humidity adjustment processing control means for controlling the processing of the outside air humidity adjustment means, and control the rotation speed of the fan so that the indoor wind speed targeted for air conditioning control becomes the indoor wind speed target value. Fan control means, air to be blown into the air-conditioning control target room in the damper and the fan so that a deviation between a measured value of the indoor temperature sensor and a measured value of the indoor air temperature sensor is within a predetermined value. And a damper control means for controlling a diversion ratio with the air led to the air.
また、本発明の空調制御装置は、空調制御対象の室内の還気を取り込んで温度を調整する還気温度調整手段と、室外の外気を取り込んで湿度を調整する外気湿度調整手段と、前記還気温度調整手段で調整された空気と、前記外気湿度調整手段で調整された空気とを混合して取り込み、前記空調制御対象の室内に直接送風する空気と風速を調整する空気とに分流するダンパーと、前記空調制御対象の室内の天井近くの還気を取り込み、前記ダンパーで分流された風速を調整する空気と混合し、回転数により風速を調整して前記空調制御対象の室内に送風するファンと、前記ファンにより送風された空気の温度を計測する室内送風温度センサと、前記空調制御対象の室内の温度を計測する室内温度センサとを備えた空調機に接続された空調制御装置において、制御目標とする快適指数値における温度値と、湿度値と、風速値との関係を示す環境データを記憶する環境データ記憶手段と、前記環境データ記憶手段に記憶されている環境データの中から、当該空調制御システム内の消費エネルギー値が最小となる温度値と湿度値と風速値との組み合わせを、前記空調制御対象の室内温度目標値、室内湿度目標値、室内風速目標値として選択する目標値選択手段と、前記空調制御対象の室内の温度が前記室内温度目標値となるように、前記還気温度調整手段の処理を制御するとともに、前記空調制御対象の室内の湿度が前記室内湿度目標値となるように、前記外気湿度調整手段の処理を制御する温湿度調整処理制御手段と、記空調制御対象の室内の風速が前記室内風速目標値となるように、前記ファンの回転数を制御するファン制御手段と、前記室内温度センサの計測値と前記室内送風温度センサの計測値との偏差が所定値以内になるように、前記ダンパーにおける前記空調制御対象の室内に送風する空気と前記ファンに導く空気との分流比率を制御するダンパー制御手段とを有することを特徴とする。 In addition, the air conditioning control device of the present invention includes a return air temperature adjusting means for adjusting the temperature by taking in the return air in the air-conditioning control target, an outside air humidity adjusting means for adjusting the humidity by taking in outside air outside the room, and the return air A damper that mixes and takes in the air adjusted by the air temperature adjusting means and the air adjusted by the outside air humidity adjusting means and divides the air into the air-conditioning control target room and the air that adjusts the wind speed. And a fan that takes in the return air near the ceiling of the air-conditioning control target room, mixes it with air that adjusts the wind speed divided by the damper, and adjusts the wind speed according to the number of rotations and blows air into the air-conditioning control target room An air-conditioning control device connected to an air conditioner comprising: an indoor air-blowing temperature sensor that measures the temperature of air blown by the fan; and an indoor temperature sensor that measures the indoor temperature of the air-conditioning control target The environmental data storage means for storing environmental data indicating the relationship among the temperature value, humidity value, and wind speed value in the comfort index value as the control target, and among the environmental data stored in the environmental data storage means Then, the combination of the temperature value, the humidity value, and the wind speed value that minimizes the energy consumption value in the air conditioning control system is selected as the indoor temperature target value, the indoor humidity target value, and the indoor wind speed target value of the air conditioning control target. The processing of the return air temperature adjusting means is controlled so that the target temperature selection means and the indoor temperature of the air conditioning control target become the indoor temperature target value, and the indoor humidity of the air conditioning control target is the indoor humidity. The temperature / humidity adjustment processing control means for controlling the processing of the outside air humidity adjustment means so as to achieve the target value, and the air velocity control target indoor air speed to be the target indoor air speed target value. Fan control means for controlling the number of rotations of the fan, and the air conditioning control target in the damper so that the deviation between the measured value of the indoor temperature sensor and the measured value of the indoor air temperature sensor is within a predetermined value. And damper control means for controlling a diversion ratio between air to be blown and air to be led to the fan.
本発明の空調制御システムおよび空調制御装置によれば、在室者への快適性が考慮された風を利用して、所要動力の省エネルギー化を図った空調制御を効率的に行うことができる。 According to the air-conditioning control system and the air-conditioning control apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently perform the air-conditioning control that saves the required power by using the wind in consideration of comfort for the occupants.
本発明の空調制御システムの一実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。なお、最近の多くのオフィスビル等は断熱性が良くＰＣやＯＡ機器が多いため、年間を通して冷房モードであるので、以下の各実施形態においては冷房モードで空調制御を行う場合について説明する。 An embodiment of an air conditioning control system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Since many recent office buildings have good heat insulation and many PCs and OA devices, they are in the cooling mode throughout the year. Therefore, in the following embodiments, the case where air conditioning control is performed in the cooling mode will be described.
〈一実施形態による空調制御システムの構成〉
本発明の本実施形態による空調制御システム１の構成を、図１に示す。
<Configuration of air conditioning control system according to one embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an air conditioning control system 1 according to this embodiment of the present invention.
本実施形態による空調制御システム１は空調制御対象の室内Ａの空調を制御するものであり、空調機１０と、天井送風機２０と、空調制御装置３０とを有する。本実施形態において空調機１０および天井送風機２０は、空調制御対象のビルの室内ごと、または室内が分割された複数のゾーンごとに設置されているものとする。 The air conditioning control system 1 according to the present embodiment controls air conditioning in a room A subject to air conditioning control, and includes an air conditioner 10, a ceiling blower 20, and an air conditioning control device 30. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the air conditioner 10 and the ceiling blower 20 are installed for each room in a building subject to air conditioning control or for each of a plurality of zones into which the room is divided.
空調機１０は、室内温度センサ１０１と、室内湿度センサ１０２と、還気用コイル１０３と、第１バルブ１０４と、第１ファン１０５と、コイル出口温度センサ１０６と、外気用コイル１０７と、第２バルブ１０８と、第２ファン１０９と、コイル出口湿度センサ１１０とを有する。 The air conditioner 10 includes an indoor temperature sensor 101, an indoor humidity sensor 102, a return air coil 103, a first valve 104, a first fan 105, a coil outlet temperature sensor 106, an outside air coil 107, It has a two-valve 108, a second fan 109, and a coil outlet humidity sensor 110.
室内温度センサ１０１は、空調制御対象の室内Ａの温度を計測し、この計測値を室内温度計測値として空調制御装置３０に送信する。室内湿度センサ１０２は、空調制御対象の室内Ａの湿度を計測し、この計測値を室内湿度計測値として空調制御装置３０に送信する。 The room temperature sensor 101 measures the temperature of the room A subject to air conditioning control, and transmits the measured value to the air conditioning control apparatus 30 as the room temperature measured value. The indoor humidity sensor 102 measures the humidity of the room A subject to air conditioning control, and transmits this measured value to the air conditioning control device 30 as the indoor humidity measured value.
還気用コイル１０３は、空調制御対処の室内Ａからの還気を取り込んで、この取り込んだ還気の温度を、外部の熱源装置等から供給される冷水の流量に基づいた制御量で冷却する。第1バルブ１０４は、還気用コイル１０３に取り込む冷水の流量を調整する。第１ファン１０５は、還気用コイル１０３で冷却された空気を、所定の風量で天井送風機２０に送風する。コイル出口温度センサ１０６は、第１ファン１０５により送風された空気の温度を計測して還気用コイル出口温度計測値として空調制御装置３０に送信する。 The return air coil 103 takes in the return air from the room A for air conditioning control, and cools the temperature of the taken back air by a control amount based on the flow rate of cold water supplied from an external heat source device or the like. . The first valve 104 adjusts the flow rate of cold water taken into the return air coil 103. The first fan 105 blows the air cooled by the return air coil 103 to the ceiling blower 20 with a predetermined air volume. The coil outlet temperature sensor 106 measures the temperature of the air blown by the first fan 105 and transmits it to the air conditioning controller 30 as a return air coil outlet temperature measurement value.
外気用コイル１０７は、室外の外気を取り込んで、この取り込んだ外気の湿度を、外部の熱源装置等から供給される冷水の流量に基づいた制御量で除湿する。第２バルブ１０８は、この外気用コイル１０７に取り込む冷水の流量を調整する。第２ファン１０９は、外気用コイル１０７で除湿された空気を、所定の風量で天井送風機２０に送風する。コイル出口湿度センサ１１０は、第２ファン１０９により送風された空気の湿度を計測して外気用コイル出口湿度計測値として空調制御装置３０に送信する。 The outside air coil 107 takes in outside air outside the room and dehumidifies the humidity of the outside air by a controlled amount based on the flow rate of cold water supplied from an external heat source device or the like. The second valve 108 adjusts the flow rate of cold water taken into the outside air coil 107. The second fan 109 blows the air dehumidified by the outside air coil 107 to the ceiling blower 20 with a predetermined air volume. The coil outlet humidity sensor 110 measures the humidity of the air blown by the second fan 109 and transmits the measured humidity to the air conditioning control device 30 as an outside air coil outlet humidity measurement value.
天井送風機２０は、ダンパー２０１と、第３ファン２０２と、室内送風温度センサ２０３と、ルーバー２０４とを有する。 The ceiling blower 20 includes a damper 201, a third fan 202, an indoor ventilation temperature sensor 203, and a louver 204.
ダンパー２０１は、空調機１０の第１ファン１０５から送風された空気と第２ファン１０９から送風された空気とが混合された空気を取り込み、空調制御対象の室内Ａに直接送風する空気と、風速を調整するために第３ファン２０２に導く空気とに分流する。 The damper 201 takes in air in which the air blown from the first fan 105 of the air conditioner 10 and the air blown from the second fan 109 are mixed, and blows air directly into the air-conditioning control target room A, and the wind speed To adjust the air flow to the third fan 202.
第３ファン２０２は、空調制御対象の室内Ａの還気を取り込み、ダンパー２０１で分流された風速を調整する空気と混合し、回転数により風速を調整して室内Ａに送風する。 The third fan 202 takes in the return air in the room A subject to air conditioning control, mixes it with air that adjusts the wind speed divided by the damper 201, adjusts the wind speed according to the number of rotations, and blows it into the room A.
室内送風温度センサ２０３は、第３ファン２０２により送風された空気の温度を計測して室内送風温度計測値として空調制御装置３０に送信する。 The indoor air temperature sensor 203 measures the temperature of the air blown by the third fan 202 and transmits it to the air conditioning control device 30 as the indoor air temperature measurement value.
ルーバー２０４は、第３ファン２０２により空調制御対象の室内Ａに送風する空気の送風方向を調整する。 Louver 204 adjusts the blowing direction of the air blown into room A subject to air conditioning control by third fan 202.
空調制御装置３０は、環境データ記憶部３０１と、目標値選択部３０２と、制御部としての制御値算出部３０３とを有する。 The air conditioning control device 30 includes an environment data storage unit 301, a target value selection unit 302, and a control value calculation unit 303 as a control unit.
環境データ記憶部３０１は、制御目標とするＰＭＶ値における温度値と、湿度値と、風速値との関係を示す環境データを記憶する。 The environmental data storage unit 301 stores environmental data indicating the relationship among the temperature value, humidity value, and wind speed value of the PMV value that is the control target.
目標値選択部３０２は、環境データ記憶部３０１に記憶されている環境データの中から、空調制御システム１内の電力消費エネルギー値が最小となる温度値と湿度値と風速値との組み合わせを、室内Ａの環境の目標値である室内温度目標値、室内湿度目標値、室内風速目標値として選択する。 The target value selection unit 302 selects a combination of the temperature value, the humidity value, and the wind speed value that minimizes the power consumption energy value in the air conditioning control system 1 from the environmental data stored in the environmental data storage unit 301. The room temperature target value, the room humidity target value, and the room wind speed target value, which are target values for the environment of the room A, are selected.
制御値算出部３０３は、目標値選択部３０２で選択された室内温度目標値と、室内温度センサ１０１で計測された室内温度計測値および空調機１０のコイル出口温度センサ１０６で計測された還気用コイル出口温度計測値とから、空調機１０の還気用コイル１０３に供給する冷水の流量を算出し、この流量に基づいて第１バルブ１０４の開度を算出して第１バルブ１０４に送信する。また制御値算出部３０３は、目標値選択部３０２で選択された室内湿度目標値と、室内湿度センサ１０２で計測された室内湿度計測値およびコイル出口湿度センサ１１０で計測された外気用コイル出口湿度計測値とから、空調機１０の外気用コイル１０７に供給する冷水の流量を算出し、この流量に基づいて第２バルブ１０８の開度を算出して第２バルブ１０８に送信する。 The control value calculation unit 303 is the indoor temperature target value selected by the target value selection unit 302, the indoor temperature measurement value measured by the indoor temperature sensor 101, and the return air measured by the coil outlet temperature sensor 106 of the air conditioner 10. The flow rate of cold water supplied to the return air coil 103 of the air conditioner 10 is calculated from the measured value of the coil outlet temperature, and the opening of the first valve 104 is calculated based on this flow rate and transmitted to the first valve 104. To do. The control value calculation unit 303 also selects the indoor humidity target value selected by the target value selection unit 302, the indoor humidity measurement value measured by the indoor humidity sensor 102, and the outside coil outlet humidity measured by the coil outlet humidity sensor 110. The flow rate of the cold water supplied to the outside air coil 107 of the air conditioner 10 is calculated from the measured value, and the opening degree of the second valve 108 is calculated based on this flow rate and transmitted to the second valve 108.
また制御値算出部３０３は、目標値選択部３０２で選択された室内風速目標値に基づいて、天井送風機２０の第３ファン２０２の回転数を算出して第３ファン２０２に送信する。 Further, the control value calculation unit 303 calculates the number of rotations of the third fan 202 of the ceiling blower 20 based on the indoor wind speed target value selected by the target value selection unit 302 and transmits the rotation number to the third fan 202.
さらに制御値算出部３０３は、目標値選択部３０２で選択された室内温度目標値および天井送風機２０の室内送風温度センサ２０３で計測された室内送風温度計測値から、天井送風機２０のダンパー２０１における空調制御対象の室内Ａに送風する空気と第３ファン２０２に導く空気との分流比率を算出し、ダンパー２０１に送信する。 Further, the control value calculation unit 303 performs air conditioning in the damper 201 of the ceiling blower 20 from the indoor temperature target value selected by the target value selection unit 302 and the indoor blown temperature measurement value measured by the indoor blower temperature sensor 203 of the ceiling blower 20. A flow dividing ratio between the air blown into the room A to be controlled and the air led to the third fan 202 is calculated and transmitted to the damper 201.
〈一実施形態による空調制御システムの動作〉
次に、本実施形態の空調制御システム１における動作について、図２のシーケンス図を参照して説明する。
<Operation of Air Conditioning Control System According to One Embodiment>
Next, the operation in the air conditioning control system 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the sequence diagram of FIG.
本実施形態において空調制御システム１により空調制御が行われる際には、予め空調制御装置３０の環境データ記憶部３０１に、制御目標とするＰＭＶ値における温度値と、湿度値と、風速値との関係を示す環境データが記憶されている（Ｓ１）。 When air conditioning control is performed by the air conditioning control system 1 in the present embodiment, the environmental data storage unit 301 of the air conditioning control device 30 stores in advance the temperature value, humidity value, and wind speed value of the PMV value as the control target. Environmental data indicating the relationship is stored (S1).
環境データ記憶部３０１に記憶されている環境データを三次元グラフで表示させた一例を、図３に示す。 An example in which the environmental data stored in the environmental data storage unit 301 is displayed as a three-dimensional graph is shown in FIG.
先に説明したＰＭＶ値は０程度が望ましいとされているが、一般的に±０．５の範囲内が快適であるための条件とされている。そこで、図３の三次元グラフには、ＰＭＶ値が０．４を実現する環境ついて予めプロットしたデータを用いた。この図３の三次元グラフに用いた環境データは、着衣量０．５clo（夏季の半袖の場合）、活動量１．２met（事務所内の場合）の場合におけるものである。 The PMV value described above is preferably about 0, but generally within the range of ± 0.5 is a condition for comfort. Therefore, data plotted in advance for an environment in which the PMV value is 0.4 is used in the three-dimensional graph of FIG. The environmental data used in the three-dimensional graph of FIG. 3 is for the case where the clothing amount is 0.5 clo (in the case of summer short sleeve) and the activity amount is 1.2 met (in the office).
この環境データの要素の１つである風速は快適性（ＰＭＶ値）に重要な影響を与えるものであり、適切な風速を確保することができれば、部屋の温度が少々高くても快適な環境を実現することができる。 Wind speed, which is one of the elements of this environmental data, has an important influence on comfort (PMV value). If an appropriate wind speed can be secured, a comfortable environment can be created even if the room temperature is a little high. Can be realized.
例えば、室温が２８℃であると通常のビル空調のように風速値が０m/secである快適な条件を満足させるのは容易ではないが、風速値０．５m/sec程度の心地よい風があれば、２８℃でも十分快適な環境にすることができる。 For example, if the room temperature is 28 ° C, it is not easy to satisfy the comfortable condition that the wind speed value is 0m / sec as in normal building air conditioning, but there is a comfortable wind with a wind speed value of about 0.5m / sec. Thus, a sufficiently comfortable environment can be achieved even at 28 ° C.
図３に示すような環境データが環境データ記憶部３０１に記憶されている状態で空調制御動作が開始されると、空調機１０の室内温度センサ１０１により空調制御対象の室内Ａの温度が計測されて室内温度計測値として空調制御装置３０に送信され、室内湿度センサ１０２により空調制御対象の室内Ａの湿度が計測されて室内湿度計測値として空調制御装置３０に送信される（Ｓ２）。 When the air conditioning control operation is started in a state where the environmental data as shown in FIG. 3 is stored in the environmental data storage unit 301, the temperature of the room A subject to air conditioning control is measured by the indoor temperature sensor 101 of the air conditioner 10. The indoor temperature measurement value is transmitted to the air conditioning control device 30, the indoor humidity sensor 102 measures the humidity of the room A subject to air conditioning control, and the indoor humidity measurement value is transmitted to the air conditioning control device 30 (S2).
また、空調制御装置３０の目標値選択部３０２において、環境データ記憶部３０１に記憶されている環境データの中から、取得した室内温度計測値に基づいて、空調制御システム１内の電力消費エネルギー値が最小となる温度値と湿度値と風速値との組み合わせが室内Ａの環境の目標値である室内温度目標値、室内湿度目標値、室内風速目標値として選択され、制御値算出部３０３に送出される（Ｓ３）。 Further, in the target value selection unit 302 of the air conditioning control device 30, the power consumption energy value in the air conditioning control system 1 based on the acquired indoor temperature measurement value from the environmental data stored in the environmental data storage unit 301. Is selected as the indoor temperature target value, indoor humidity target value, and indoor wind speed target value, which are target values of the environment of the room A, and is sent to the control value calculation unit 303. (S3).
このとき、風速値は０．３m/sec以下では在室者はほとんど風を感じることができず、１m/secを超えると風が強すぎて快適な環境とならない。そのため本実施形態において室内風速目標値は、０．４〜１．０の範囲から選択されるようにする。 At this time, if the wind speed value is 0.3 m / sec or less, the occupants can hardly feel the wind, and if it exceeds 1 m / sec, the wind is too strong to provide a comfortable environment. Therefore, in this embodiment, the indoor wind speed target value is selected from the range of 0.4 to 1.0.
一方、空調機１０の還気用コイル１０３においては空調制御対象の室内Ａからの還気が取り込まれ、この取り込まれた還気の温度が、外部の熱源装置等から供給される冷水の流量（初期値）に基づいた制御量で冷却される。 On the other hand, in the return air coil 103 of the air conditioner 10, the return air from the room A subject to air conditioning control is taken in, and the temperature of the taken back air is the flow rate of cold water supplied from an external heat source device or the like ( It is cooled by a control amount based on the initial value.
還気用コイル１０３で冷却された空気は、第１ファン１０５により天井送風機２０に送風される（Ｓ４）。 The air cooled by the return air coil 103 is blown to the ceiling blower 20 by the first fan 105 (S4).
還気用コイル１０３で冷却された空気が第１ファン１０５から送風されると、コイル出口温度センサ１０６においてこの送風された空気の温度が計測され、この計測値が還気用コイル出口温度計測値として空調制御装置３０の制御値算出部３０３に送信される（Ｓ５）。 When the air cooled by the return air coil 103 is blown from the first fan 105, the temperature of the blown air is measured at the coil outlet temperature sensor 106, and this measured value is the return air coil outlet temperature measurement value. Is transmitted to the control value calculation unit 303 of the air conditioning control device 30 (S5).
還気用コイル出口温度計測値が空調制御装置３０の制御値算出部３０３に送信されると、制御値算出部３０３において、この還気用コイル出口温度計測値と、目標値選択部３０２で選択された室内温度目標値と、室内温度センサ１０１で計測された室内温度計測値とから第１バルブ１０４の開度目標値が算出され、この開度目標値が第１バルブ１０４に送信されることにより還気用コイル１０３に供給される冷水の流量が制御される（Ｓ６）。 When the measured value of the return coil outlet temperature is transmitted to the control value calculation unit 303 of the air conditioning control device 30, the control value calculation unit 303 selects the measured value of the return coil coil temperature and the target value selection unit 302. The opening target value of the first valve 104 is calculated from the measured indoor temperature target value and the indoor temperature measurement value measured by the indoor temperature sensor 101, and this opening target value is transmitted to the first valve 104. Thus, the flow rate of the cold water supplied to the return air coil 103 is controlled (S6).
空調制御装置３０の制御値算出部３０３で算出される、第１バルブ１０４の開度について説明する。 The opening degree of the first valve 104 calculated by the control value calculation unit 303 of the air conditioning control device 30 will be described.
この第１バルブ１０４の開度が算出されるにあたり、まず、取得された室内温度目標値と室内温度計測値とから、還気用コイル出口温度の目標値である還気用コイル出口温度目標値が算出される。 When the opening degree of the first valve 104 is calculated, first, the return coil outlet temperature target value, which is the target value of the return coil outlet temperature, is obtained from the acquired indoor temperature target value and the measured indoor temperature value. Is calculated.
具体的には、室内温度目標値と室内温度計測値との偏差(ΔT)に対して、部屋に応じて予め適切に調整された定数(k)と、予め設定された還気用コイル出口温度の初期値である還気用コイル出口温度標準値(Tr_sa0)を用いて、下記式（４）により還気用コイル出口温度目標値(Tr_sa)が算出される。 Specifically, with respect to the deviation (ΔT) between the indoor temperature target value and the indoor temperature measurement value, a constant (k) appropriately adjusted in advance according to the room, and a preset return coil outlet temperature The return air coil outlet temperature target value (Tr_sa) is calculated by the following equation (4) using the return air coil outlet temperature standard value (Tr_sa0), which is the initial value of.
〔数４〕
Tr_sa = Tr_sa0− k × ΔT （４）
このようにして還気用コイル出口温度目標値(Tr_sa)が算出されると、この還気用コイル出口温度目標値(Tr_sa)に基づいて冷水流量が制御される。
[Equation 4]
Tr_sa = Tr_sa0− k × ΔT (4)
When the return air coil outlet temperature target value (Tr_sa) is calculated in this way, the chilled water flow rate is controlled based on the return air coil outlet temperature target value (Tr_sa).
冷水流量を制御するアルゴリズムには多種類あるが、多く使われているのはＰＩＤ制御と呼ばれる制御である。 Although there are many types of algorithms for controlling the flow rate of cold water, a control called PID control is often used.
本実施形態においてはこのＰＩＤ制御により、下記式（５）に示すように、（ａ）還気用コイル出口温度目標値(Tr_sa)と還気用コイル出口温度計測値(Tr_sa計測値)との偏差を入力してそれに定数(kp)倍した値（比例動作）と、（ｂ）この偏差を積分して係数(ki)倍した値（積分動作）と、（ｃ）必要に応じてこの偏差を微分して係数(kd)倍した値（微分動作）と、を加えて操作指示値として第１バルブ１０４の目標開度値(MV)が算出される。 In this embodiment, by this PID control, as shown in the following formula (5), (a) a return coil outlet temperature target value (Tr_sa) and a return coil outlet temperature measurement value (Tr_sa measurement value) A value obtained by inputting the deviation and multiplying it by a constant (kp) (proportional operation), (b) a value obtained by integrating this deviation and multiplying by a coefficient (ki) (integration operation), and (c) this deviation if necessary. The target opening value (MV) of the first valve 104 is calculated as an operation instruction value by adding the value obtained by differentiating and multiplying by a coefficient (kd) (differentiation operation).
〔数５〕
MV = kp×(Tr_sa−Tr_sa計測値) + ki×∫(Tr_sa−Tr_sa計測値)dt
+ kd×d(tr_sa−Tr_sa計測値)/dt （５）
本実施形態においては、上記式（５）のki並びにkdは0とする。これにより、他の操作量との干渉によるハンチング動作が防止される。
[Equation 5]
MV = kp x (Tr_sa-Tr_sa measured value) + ki x ∫ (Tr_sa-Tr_sa measured value) dt
+ kd × d (tr_sa−Tr_sa measured value) / dt (5)
In the present embodiment, ki and kd in the above formula (5) are set to 0. Thereby, a hunting operation due to interference with other operation amounts is prevented.
また、空調機１０の外気用コイル１０７においては室外の外気が取り込まれ、この取り込まれた外気の湿度が、外部の熱源装置等から供給される冷水の流量（初期値）に基づいた制御量で除湿される。 The outdoor air coil 107 of the air conditioner 10 takes outside air outside, and the humidity of the taken outside air is a control amount based on the flow rate (initial value) of cold water supplied from an external heat source device or the like. Dehumidified.
外気用コイル１０７で除湿された空気は、第２ファン１０９により天井送風機２０に送風される（Ｓ７）。 The air dehumidified by the outside air coil 107 is sent to the ceiling fan 20 by the second fan 109 (S7).
外気用コイル１０７で除湿された空気が第２ファン１０９から送風されると、コイル出口湿度センサ１１０においてこの送風された空気の湿度が計測され、この計測値が外気用コイル出口湿度計測値として空調制御装置３０の制御値算出部３０３に送信される（Ｓ８）。 When the air dehumidified by the outside air coil 107 is blown from the second fan 109, the coil outlet humidity sensor 110 measures the humidity of the blown air, and this measured value is air-conditioned as the outside air coil outlet humidity measurement value. It is transmitted to the control value calculation unit 303 of the control device 30 (S8).
外気用コイル出口湿度計測値が空調制御装置３０の制御値算出部３０３に送信されると、制御値算出部３０３において、この外気用コイル出口湿度計測値と、目標値選択部３０２で選択された室内湿度目標値と、室内湿度センサ１０２で計測された室内湿度計測値とから第２バルブ１０８の開度目標値が算出され、この開度目標値が第２バルブ１０８に送信されることにより外気用コイル１０７に供給される冷水の流量が制御される（Ｓ９）。 When the outside air coil outlet humidity measurement value is transmitted to the control value calculation unit 303 of the air conditioning control device 30, the outside air coil outlet humidity measurement value and the target value selection unit 302 are selected by the control value calculation unit 303. The opening target value of the second valve 108 is calculated from the indoor humidity target value and the indoor humidity measurement value measured by the indoor humidity sensor 102, and the opening target value is transmitted to the second valve 108 so that the outside air The flow rate of the cold water supplied to the working coil 107 is controlled (S9).
空調制御装置３０の制御値算出部３０３で算出される、第２バルブ１０８の開度について説明する。 The opening degree of the second valve 108 calculated by the control value calculation unit 303 of the air conditioning control device 30 will be described.
この第２バルブ１０８の開度が算出されるにあたり、まず、取得された室内湿度目標値と室内湿度計測値とから、外気用コイル出口湿度の目標値である外気用コイル出口湿度目標値が算出される。 In calculating the opening degree of the second valve 108, first, an outdoor coil outlet humidity target value, which is a target value of the outdoor coil outlet humidity, is calculated from the acquired indoor humidity target value and the measured indoor humidity value. Is done.
具体的には、室内湿度目標値と室内湿度計測値との偏差(ΔH)に対して、部屋に応じて予め適切に調整された定数(k)と、予め設定された外気用コイル出口湿度の初期値である外気用コイル出口湿度標準値(Hoa0)を用いて、下記式（４）により外気用コイル出口湿度目標値(Hoa)が算出される。 Specifically, with respect to the deviation (ΔH) between the indoor humidity target value and the indoor humidity measurement value, a constant (k) appropriately adjusted in advance according to the room and a preset outside coil outlet humidity The outside air coil outlet humidity target value (Hoa) is calculated by the following equation (4) using the outside coil standard humidity (Hoa0) that is the initial value.
〔数６〕
Hoa= Hoa0−k × ΔH （４）
このようにして外気用コイル出口湿度目標値(Hoa)が算出されると、この外気用コイル出口湿度目標値(Hoa)に基づいて冷水流量が制御される。
[Equation 6]
Hoa = Hoa0−k × ΔH (4)
When the outside air coil outlet humidity target value (Hoa) is calculated in this way, the cold water flow rate is controlled based on the outside air coil outlet humidity target value (Hoa).
冷水流量を制御するアルゴリズムには多種類あるが、多く使われているのはＰＩＤ制御と呼ばれる制御である。 Although there are many types of algorithms for controlling the flow rate of cold water, a control called PID control is often used.
本実施形態においてはこのＰＩＤ制御により、下記式（６）に示すように、（ａ）外気用コイル出口湿度目標値(Hoa)と外気用コイル出口湿度計測値(Hoa計測値)との偏差を入力してそれに定数(kp)倍した値（比例動作）と、（ｂ）この偏差を積分して係数(ki)倍した値（積分動作）と、（ｃ）必要に応じてこの偏差を微分して係数(kd)倍した値（微分動作）と、を加えて操作指示値として第２バルブ１０８の目標開度値(MV)が算出される。 In this embodiment, by this PID control, as shown in the following equation (6), (a) the deviation between the outside air coil outlet humidity target value (Hoa) and the outside air coil outlet humidity measurement value (Hoa measurement value) is calculated. A value (proportional operation) that is input and multiplied by a constant (kp), (b) a value obtained by integrating this deviation and multiplying by a coefficient (ki) (integration operation), and (c) differentiating this deviation as necessary. The target opening value (MV) of the second valve 108 is calculated as the operation instruction value by adding the value (differential operation) multiplied by the coefficient (kd).
〔数７〕
MV = kp×(Hoa−Hoa計測値) + ki×∫(Hoa−Hoa計測値)dt
+ kd×d(Hoa−Hoa計測値)/dt （６）
本実施形態においては、上記式（６）のki並びにkdは0とする。これにより、他の操作量との干渉によるハンチング動作が防止される。
[Equation 7]
MV = kp × (Hoa−Hoa measured value) + ki × ∫ (Hoa−Hoa measured value) dt
+ kd x d (Hoa-Hoa measurement value) / dt (6)
In the present embodiment, ki and kd in the above formula (6) are set to 0. Thereby, a hunting operation due to interference with other operation amounts is prevented.
以上のように、第１バルブ１０４および第２バルブ１０８の開度が制御され、還気用コイル１０３および外気用コイル１０７に供給される冷水の流量が制御される。 As described above, the opening degree of the first valve 104 and the second valve 108 is controlled, and the flow rate of the cold water supplied to the return air coil 103 and the outside air coil 107 is controlled.
次に、天井送風機２０において、空調機１０の第１ファン１０５から送風された空気と第２ファン１０９から送風された空気とが混合された空気が取り込まれ、ダンパー２０１により、予め設定された分流比率（初期値）で空調制御対象の室内Ａに直接送風する空気と、風速を調整するために第３ファン２０２に導く空気とに分流される。 Next, in the ceiling blower 20, air mixed with the air blown from the first fan 105 and the air blown from the second fan 109 of the air conditioner 10 is taken in, and a preset diversion flow is set by the damper 201. The air is blown directly into the air-conditioning control target room A at a ratio (initial value) and the air guided to the third fan 202 to adjust the wind speed.
分流された、空調制御対象の室内Ａに直接送風する空気は、天井送風機２０に設けられた吹き出し口（図示せず）から直接室内Ａに送風される（Ｓ１０）。 The split air that is directly blown into the room A subject to air conditioning control is directly blown into the room A from a blowout port (not shown) provided in the ceiling blower 20 (S10).
また、分流された、第３ファン２０２に導かれた空気は、第３ファン２０２において空調制御対象の室内Ａの天井近くの還気と混合され、空調制御装置３０の第３ファン２０２の回転数により風速が調整されて室内Ａの下方に送風される。この第３ファン２０２の回転数は、第３ファン２０２の回転数とその回転数により得られる風速との関係を示す機器特性と室内風速目標値（例えば０．５m/sec）とに基づいて、空調制御装置３０の制御値算出部３０３において連立方程式で算出され、第３ファン２０２で取得される（Ｓ１１）。 Further, the air that has been diverted and led to the third fan 202 is mixed with the return air near the ceiling of the air-conditioning control target room A in the third fan 202, and the rotation speed of the third fan 202 of the air-conditioning control device 30. As a result, the wind speed is adjusted and the air is blown down the room A. The rotational speed of the third fan 202 is based on the device characteristics indicating the relationship between the rotational speed of the third fan 202 and the wind speed obtained by the rotational speed, and the indoor wind speed target value (for example, 0.5 m / sec). The control value calculation unit 303 of the air conditioning control device 30 calculates the simultaneous equations and acquires them by the third fan 202 (S11).
第３ファン２０２により室内Ａに所定風速で空気が送風されると（Ｓ１２）、室内送風温度センサ２０３においてこの送風された空気の温度が計測され、この計測値が室内送風温度計測値として空調制御装置３０の制御値算出部３０３に送信される（Ｓ１３）。 When air is blown into the room A at a predetermined wind speed by the third fan 202 (S12), the temperature of the blown air is measured by the indoor blowing temperature sensor 203, and this measured value is used as an indoor blowing temperature measurement value for air conditioning control. It is transmitted to the control value calculation unit 303 of the device 30 (S13).
この天井送風機２０を横から見た模式図を、図４に示す。図４に示すように、第３ファン２０２は天井内部に格納され、第３ファン２０２の周りの流路から室内Ａの還気が吸い込まれると同時にダンパー２０１から分流され導かれた冷風がスリット２０５から取り込まれ、これらが混合されて第３ファン２０２の回転によりルーバー２０４から室内Ａに送風される。この際、在室者の位置などに応じて、ルーバー２０４の角度が制御され送風方向が調整されるようにしてもよい。 A schematic view of the ceiling blower 20 viewed from the side is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the third fan 202 is housed inside the ceiling, and the return air in the room A is sucked from the flow path around the third fan 202 and at the same time, the cold air that is diverted and guided from the damper 201 is slit 205. Are mixed, and the air is blown into the room A from the louver 204 by the rotation of the third fan 202. At this time, the direction of the air flow may be adjusted by controlling the angle of the louver 204 according to the position of the occupant.
ところで前述したように、風速は快適性に重要な影響を与える要素であり、風速を利用することにより省エネルギー化を図った空調制御を行うことができるが、一方で、部屋の温度よりも大幅に低い温度、例えば部屋温度２５℃に対して１８℃の冷風を人に継続的に当てた場合には、過剰な冷房による不快な環境となり、多くの場合苦情の原因となる。このような現象をダウンドラフトと呼び、空調制御では避けなければならない事象とされている。 By the way, as mentioned above, the wind speed is an element that has an important influence on the comfort, and by using the wind speed, it is possible to perform air-conditioning control for energy saving, but on the other hand, it is much larger than the room temperature. When a cold air of 18 ° C. is continuously applied to a person at a low temperature, for example, a room temperature of 25 ° C., an unpleasant environment due to excessive cooling becomes a cause of complaints in many cases. Such a phenomenon is called a downdraft and is an event that must be avoided in air conditioning control.
そこで本実施形態では、空調制御装置３０の制御値算出部３０３において、室内送風温度計測値と室内温度計測値との偏差が１℃〜３℃、望ましくは２℃程度となるように、ダンパー２０１の分流比率が算出され、この算出された分流比率でダンパー２０１が制御される（Ｓ１４）。このダンパー２０１の分流比率も、前述のＰＩＤ制御のアルゴリズムにより容易に実現することができる。 Therefore, in the present embodiment, in the control value calculation unit 303 of the air conditioning control device 30, the damper 201 is set so that the deviation between the measured value of the indoor air temperature and the measured value of the indoor temperature is 1 ° C. to 3 ° C., preferably about 2 ° C. Is calculated, and the damper 201 is controlled with the calculated flow dividing ratio (S14). The diversion ratio of the damper 201 can also be easily realized by the aforementioned PID control algorithm.
またここで、室内送風温度計測値と室内温度計測値との偏差が１℃となるようにすると、１m/secの風速でも快適な環境となる。 Here, if the deviation between the measured value of the indoor blast temperature and the measured value of the room temperature is 1 ° C., a comfortable environment is obtained even at a wind speed of 1 m / sec.
このようにダンパー２０１における分流比率が制御されることにより、室内の温度のみでなく、室内に供給される風の温度も制御することができる。 Thus, by controlling the diversion ratio in the damper 201, not only the temperature of the room but also the temperature of the wind supplied to the room can be controlled.
以上の本実施形態によれば、在室者への快適性が考慮された風速および温度を有する風を利用して、所要動力の省エネルギー化を図った空調制御を効率的に行うことができる。 According to the present embodiment described above, air conditioning control that achieves energy saving of required power can be efficiently performed using wind having a wind speed and temperature in consideration of comfort for the occupants.
なお、本実施形態において目標値選択部３０２で室内の環境の目標値が選択される際は、空調制御対象の設備環境や季節などに応じて選択する値を変更するようにしてもよい。 In the present embodiment, when the target value of the indoor environment is selected by the target value selection unit 302, the value to be selected may be changed according to the facility environment, season, or the like of the air conditioning control target.
また、本実施形態においては、人間の温熱感覚の快適性指標としてＰＭＶを用いたが、これには限定されず、標準有効温度や新有効温度を用いて空調制御を行うようにしてもよい。 In this embodiment, PMV is used as a comfort index for human thermal sensation. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and air conditioning control may be performed using a standard effective temperature or a new effective temperature.
１…空調制御システム
１０…空調機
２０…天井送風機
３０…空調制御装置
１０１…室内温度センサ
１０２…室内湿度センサ
１０３…還気用コイル
１０４…第１バルブ
１０５…第１ファン
１０６…コイル出口温度センサ
１０７…外気用コイル
１０８…第２バルブ
１０９…第２ファン
１１０…コイル出口湿度センサ
２０１…ダンパー
２０２…第３ファン
２０３…室内送風温度センサ
２０４…ルーバー
２０５…スリット
３０１…環境データ記憶部
３０２…目標値選択部
３０３…制御値算出部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Air conditioning control system 10 ... Air conditioner 20 ... Ceiling fan 30 ... Air conditioning control apparatus 101 ... Indoor temperature sensor 102 ... Indoor humidity sensor 103 ... Coil for return air 104 ... 1st valve 105 ... 1st fan 106 ... Coil exit temperature sensor DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 107 ... Outside air coil 108 ... 2nd valve 109 ... 2nd fan 110 ... Coil exit humidity sensor 201 ... Damper 202 ... 3rd fan 203 ... Indoor ventilation temperature sensor 204 ... Louver 205 ... Slit 301 ... Environmental data memory | storage part 302 ... Target Value selection unit 303 ... control value calculation unit
Claims (11)
室外の外気を取り込んで湿度を調整する外気湿度調整手段と、
前記還気温度調整手段で調整された空気と、前記外気湿度調整手段で調整された空気とを混合して取り込み、前記空調制御対象の室内に直接送風する空気と風速を調整する空気とに分流するダンパーと、
前記空調制御対象の室内の天井近くの還気を取り込み、前記ダンパーで分流された風速を調整する空気と混合し、回転数により風速を調整して前記空調制御対象の室内に送風するファンと、
前記ファンにより送風された空気の温度を計測する室内送風温度センサと、
前記空調制御対象の室内の温度を計測する室内温度センサと、
制御目標とする快適指数値における温度値と、湿度値と、風速値との関係を示す環境データを記憶する環境データ記憶手段と、
前記環境データ記憶手段に記憶されている環境データの中から、当該空調制御システム内の消費エネルギー値が最小となる温度値と湿度値と風速値との組み合わせを、前記空調制御対象の室内温度目標値、室内湿度目標値、室内風速目標値として選択する目標値選択手段と、
前記空調制御対象の室内の温度が前記室内温度目標値となるように、前記還気温度調整手段の処理を制御するとともに、前記空調制御対象の室内の湿度が前記室内湿度目標値となるように、前記外気湿度調整手段の処理を制御する温湿度調整処理制御手段と、
前記空調制御対象の室内の風速が前記室内風速目標値となるように、前記ファンの回転数を制御するファン制御手段と、
前記室内温度センサの計測値と前記室内送風温度センサの計測値との偏差が所定値以内になるように、前記ダンパーにおける前記空調制御対象の室内に送風する空気と前記ファンに導く空気との分流比率を制御するダンパー制御手段と
を有する
ことを特徴とする空調制御システム。 A return air temperature adjusting means for adjusting the temperature by taking in the return air in the air-conditioning controlled room;
Outside air humidity adjusting means for taking in outside air outside and adjusting the humidity;
The air adjusted by the return air temperature adjusting means and the air adjusted by the outside air humidity adjusting means are mixed and taken in, and are divided into air that is directly blown into the air-conditioning control target room and air that adjusts the wind speed. The damper to
A fan that takes in the return air near the ceiling of the air-conditioning control target room, mixes it with air that adjusts the wind speed shunted by the damper, and adjusts the wind speed according to the number of rotations to blow into the air-conditioning control target room;
An indoor air temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of air blown by the fan;
An indoor temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the air-conditioning control target room;
Environmental data storage means for storing environmental data indicating a relationship between a temperature value, a humidity value, and a wind speed value in a comfort index value as a control target;
Among the environmental data stored in the environmental data storage means, a combination of a temperature value, a humidity value, and a wind speed value at which the energy consumption value in the air conditioning control system is minimized is determined as the indoor temperature target of the air conditioning control target. Target value selection means for selecting the value, the indoor humidity target value, the indoor wind speed target value;
The processing of the return air temperature adjusting means is controlled so that the indoor temperature of the air conditioning control target becomes the indoor temperature target value, and the humidity of the air conditioning control target room becomes the indoor humidity target value. Temperature and humidity adjustment processing control means for controlling the processing of the outside air humidity adjustment means;
Fan control means for controlling the number of rotations of the fan so that the indoor wind speed of the air conditioning control target becomes the indoor wind speed target value;
The shunt flow between the air blown into the air-conditioning control target room in the damper and the air led to the fan so that the deviation between the measured value of the indoor temperature sensor and the measured value of the indoor air blowing temperature sensor is within a predetermined value. An air conditioning control system comprising damper control means for controlling the ratio.
前記空調制御対象の室内からの還気を取り込み、この取り込んだ還気の温度を、供給される冷温水の流量に基づいた制御量で調整する還気用コイルと、
前記還気用コイルに取り込む冷温水の流量を調整する第１バルブと、
を有し、
前記外気湿度調整手段は、
室外の外気を取り込み、この取り込んだ外気の湿度を、供給される冷温水の流量に基づいた制御量で調整する外気用コイルと、
前記外気用コイルに取り込む冷温水の流量を調整する第２バルブ、
を有し、
前記温湿度調整処理制御手段は、
前記空調制御対象の室内の温度が前記室内温度目標値となるように、前記還気用コイルに供給する冷温水の流量を算出してこの流量に基づいて前記第１バルブの開度を制御するとともに、前記空調制御対象の室内の湿度が前記室内湿度目標値となるように、前記外気用コイルに供給する冷温水の流量を算出してこの流量に基づいて前記第２バルブの開度を制御する
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の空調制御システム。 The return air temperature adjusting means includes:
A return air coil that takes in the return air from the air conditioning control target room and adjusts the temperature of the acquired return air by a control amount based on the flow rate of the supplied cold / hot water;
A first valve for adjusting a flow rate of cold / hot water taken into the return air coil;
Have
The outside air humidity adjusting means is
A coil for outside air that takes in outside air outside and adjusts the humidity of the taken-in outside air by a control amount based on the flow rate of the supplied cold / hot water;
A second valve for adjusting a flow rate of cold / hot water taken into the outside air coil;
Have
The temperature and humidity adjustment processing control means includes:
The flow rate of the cold / hot water supplied to the return air coil is calculated so that the indoor temperature of the air conditioning control target becomes the indoor temperature target value, and the opening degree of the first valve is controlled based on this flow rate. At the same time, the flow rate of the cold / hot water supplied to the outside air coil is calculated so that the indoor humidity of the air conditioning control target becomes the indoor humidity target value, and the opening degree of the second valve is controlled based on this flow rate. The air conditioning control system according to claim 1.
前記外気用コイルで湿度が調整された空気の湿度を計測するコイル出口湿度センサと、
前記空調制御対象の室内の湿度を計測する室内湿度センサと、
をさらに有し、
前記温湿度調整処理制御手段は、
前記室内温度センサの計測値と前記コイル出口温度センサの計測値とから前記還気用コイルに供給する冷温水の流量を算出するとともに、前記室内湿度センサの計測値と前記コイル出口湿度センサの計測値とから前記外気用コイルに供給する冷温水の流量を算出する
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の空調制御システム。 A coil outlet temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the air whose temperature is adjusted by the return air coil;
A coil outlet humidity sensor for measuring the humidity of the air whose humidity is adjusted by the outside air coil;
An indoor humidity sensor for measuring the indoor humidity of the air-conditioning control target;
Further comprising
The temperature and humidity adjustment processing control means includes:
The flow rate of cold / hot water supplied to the return air coil is calculated from the measured value of the indoor temperature sensor and the measured value of the coil outlet temperature sensor, and the measured value of the indoor humidity sensor and the measured value of the coil outlet humidity sensor are calculated. The air conditioning control system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a flow rate of cold / hot water supplied to the outside air coil is calculated from a value.
ことを特徴とする請求項１〜３いずれか１項に記載の空調制御システム。 When the damper control means controls the diversion ratio between the air blown into the air-conditioning controlled room in the damper and the air led to the fan, the measured value of the indoor temperature sensor and the measured value of the indoor blower temperature sensor The air-conditioning control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the deviation is 1 to 3 ° C.
前記ファンにより送風される空気は、前記ルーバーにより送風方向が変更可能である
ことを特徴とする請求項１〜４いずれか１項に記載の空調制御システム。 A louver is further provided,
The air conditioning control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the air blown by the fan can be changed in a blowing direction by the louver.
ことを特徴とする請求項１〜５いずれか１項に記載の空調制御システム。 The said target value selection means selects an indoor temperature target value, an indoor humidity target value, and an indoor wind speed target value based on the measured value of the said indoor temperature sensor, The any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. The air conditioning control system described.
室外の外気を取り込んで湿度を調整する外気湿度調整手段と、
前記還気温度調整手段で調整された空気と、前記外気湿度調整手段で調整された空気とを混合して取り込み、前記空調制御対象の室内に直接送風する空気と風速を調整する空気とに分流するダンパーと、
前記空調制御対象の室内の天井近くの還気を取り込み、前記ダンパーで分流された風速を調整する空気と混合し、回転数により風速を調整して前記空調制御対象の室内に送風するファンと、
前記ファンにより送風された空気の温度を計測する室内送風温度センサと、
前記空調制御対象の室内の温度を計測する室内温度センサと
を備えた空調機に接続された空調制御装置において、
制御目標とする快適指数値における温度値と、湿度値と、風速値との関係を示す環境データを記憶する環境データ記憶手段と、
前記環境データ記憶手段に記憶されている環境データの中から、当該空調制御システム内の消費エネルギー値が最小となる温度値と湿度値と風速値との組み合わせを、前記空調制御対象の室内温度目標値、室内湿度目標値、室内風速目標値として選択する目標値選択手段と、
前記空調制御対象の室内の温度が前記室内温度目標値となるように、前記還気温度調整手段の処理を制御するとともに、前記空調制御対象の室内の湿度が前記室内湿度目標値となるように、前記外気湿度調整手段の処理を制御する温湿度調整処理制御手段と、
記空調制御対象の室内の風速が前記室内風速目標値となるように、前記ファンの回転数を制御するファン制御手段と、
前記室内温度センサの計測値と前記室内送風温度センサの計測値との偏差が所定値以内になるように、前記ダンパーにおける前記空調制御対象の室内に送風する空気と前記ファンに導く空気との分流比率を制御するダンパー制御手段と
を有する
ことを特徴とする空調制御装置。 A return air temperature adjusting means for adjusting the temperature by taking in the return air in the air-conditioning controlled room;
Outside air humidity adjusting means for taking in outside air outside and adjusting the humidity;
The air adjusted by the return air temperature adjusting means and the air adjusted by the outside air humidity adjusting means are mixed and taken in, and are divided into air that is directly blown into the air-conditioning control target room and air that adjusts the wind speed. The damper to
A fan that takes in the return air near the ceiling of the air-conditioning control target room, mixes it with air that adjusts the wind speed shunted by the damper, and adjusts the wind speed according to the number of rotations to blow into the air-conditioning control target room;
An indoor air temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of air blown by the fan;
In an air conditioning control device connected to an air conditioner comprising an indoor temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the air conditioning control target room,
Environmental data storage means for storing environmental data indicating a relationship between a temperature value, a humidity value, and a wind speed value in a comfort index value as a control target;
Among the environmental data stored in the environmental data storage means, a combination of a temperature value, a humidity value, and a wind speed value at which the energy consumption value in the air conditioning control system is minimized is determined as the indoor temperature target of the air conditioning control target. Target value selection means for selecting the value, the indoor humidity target value, the indoor wind speed target value;
The processing of the return air temperature adjusting means is controlled so that the indoor temperature of the air conditioning control target becomes the indoor temperature target value, and the humidity of the air conditioning control target room becomes the indoor humidity target value. Temperature and humidity adjustment processing control means for controlling the processing of the outside air humidity adjustment means;
Fan control means for controlling the number of rotations of the fan so that the indoor wind speed of the air conditioning control target becomes the indoor wind speed target value;
The shunt flow between the air blown into the air-conditioning control target room in the damper and the air led to the fan so that the deviation between the measured value of the indoor temperature sensor and the measured value of the indoor air blowing temperature sensor is within a predetermined value. An air conditioning control device comprising damper control means for controlling the ratio.
前記空調制御対象の室内からの還気を取り込み、この取り込んだ還気の温度を、供給される冷温水の流量に基づいた制御量で調整する還気用コイルと、
前記還気用コイルに取り込む冷温水の流量を調整する第１バルブと、
を有し、
前記空調機の外気湿度調整手段は、
室外の外気を取り込み、この取り込んだ外気の湿度を、供給される冷温水の流量に基づいた制御量で調整する外気用コイルと、
前記外気用コイルに取り込む冷温水の流量を調整する第２バルブ、
を有し、
前記温湿度調整処理制御手段は、
前記空調制御対象の室内の温度が前記室内温度目標値となるように、前記還気用コイルに供給する冷温水の流量を算出してこの流量に基づいて前記第１バルブの開度を制御するとともに、前記空調制御対象の室内の湿度が前記室内湿度目標値となるように、前記外気用コイルに供給する冷温水の流量を算出してこの流量に基づいて前記第２バルブの開度を制御する
ことを特徴とする請求項７に記載の空調制御装置。 The return air temperature adjusting means of the air conditioner is
A return air coil that takes in the return air from the air conditioning control target room and adjusts the temperature of the acquired return air by a control amount based on the flow rate of the supplied cold / hot water;
A first valve for adjusting a flow rate of cold / hot water taken into the return air coil;
Have
The outside air humidity adjusting means of the air conditioner is
A coil for outside air that takes in outside air outside and adjusts the humidity of the taken-in outside air by a control amount based on the flow rate of the supplied cold / hot water;
A second valve for adjusting a flow rate of cold / hot water taken into the outside air coil;
Have
The temperature and humidity adjustment processing control means includes:
The flow rate of the cold / hot water supplied to the return air coil is calculated so that the indoor temperature of the air conditioning control target becomes the indoor temperature target value, and the opening degree of the first valve is controlled based on this flow rate. At the same time, the flow rate of the cold / hot water supplied to the outside air coil is calculated so that the indoor humidity of the air conditioning control target becomes the indoor humidity target value, and the opening degree of the second valve is controlled based on this flow rate. The air-conditioning control apparatus according to claim 7.
前記還気用コイルで温度が調整された空気の温度を計測するコイル出口温度センサと、
前記外気用コイルで湿度が調整された空気の湿度を計測するコイル出口湿度センサと、
前記空調制御対象の室内の湿度を計測する室内湿度センサと、
をさらに有し、
前記温湿度調整処理制御手段は、
前記室内温度センサの計測値と前記コイル出口温度センサの計測値とから前記還気用コイルに供給する冷温水の流量を算出するとともに、前記室内湿度センサの計測値と前記コイル出口湿度センサの計測値とから前記外気用コイルに供給する冷温水の流量を算出する
ことを特徴とする請求項７または８に記載の空調制御装置。 The air conditioner
A coil outlet temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the air whose temperature is adjusted by the return air coil;
A coil outlet humidity sensor for measuring the humidity of the air whose humidity is adjusted by the outside air coil;
An indoor humidity sensor for measuring the indoor humidity of the air-conditioning control target;
Further comprising
The temperature and humidity adjustment processing control means includes:
The flow rate of cold / hot water supplied to the return air coil is calculated from the measured value of the indoor temperature sensor and the measured value of the coil outlet temperature sensor, and the measured value of the indoor humidity sensor and the measured value of the coil outlet humidity sensor are calculated. The air conditioning control device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a flow rate of cold / hot water supplied to the outside air coil is calculated from a value.
ことを特徴とする請求項７〜９いずれか１項に記載の空調制御装置。 When the damper control means controls the diversion ratio between the air blown into the air-conditioning controlled room in the damper and the air led to the fan, the measured value of the indoor temperature sensor and the measured value of the indoor blower temperature sensor The air conditioning control device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein a deviation from 1 to 3 ° C is set.
ことを特徴とする請求項７〜１０いずれか１項に記載の空調制御装置。 The said target value selection means selects an indoor temperature target value, an indoor humidity target value, and an indoor wind speed target value based on the measured value of the said indoor temperature sensor, The any one of Claims 7-10 characterized by the above-mentioned. The air conditioning control device described.
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