JP5048486B2 - アポリポタンパク質a1の模倣物とその使用 - Google Patents
アポリポタンパク質a1の模倣物とその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5048486B2 JP5048486B2 JP2007521684A JP2007521684A JP5048486B2 JP 5048486 B2 JP5048486 B2 JP 5048486B2 JP 2007521684 A JP2007521684 A JP 2007521684A JP 2007521684 A JP2007521684 A JP 2007521684A JP 5048486 B2 JP5048486 B2 JP 5048486B2
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Description
本出願は、2004年7月16日に受理された米国仮特許出願第60/588,722号の利益を主張するものであり、その出願の全内容を参照として本明細書中に引用しておく。
LDLレベルの上昇は、一般に好ましくなく、健康上有害であると考えられている一方、HDLレベルの上昇はアテローム性動脈硬化を防ぐのによいと考えられている。HDLコレステロールは、しばしば“善玉”コレステロールと言われるが、これは、低比重リポタンパク質 (LDL) と冠状動脈性心臓病の間にある正の相関関係と少なくとも同程度に強い負の相関関係が、血中HDL 濃度と冠状動脈性心臓病の間にあるためである。アポリポタンパク質A-I (“アポA-I”) 及びA2は、HDLを構成する主要なアポタンパク質であり、コレステロールを動脈から肝臓に輸送して異化・排出させる働きを有するために抗アテローム性と考えられている。非特許文献1を参照。アテローム性動脈硬化症の治療には、HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害剤 (スタチン)、ニコチン酸、胆汁酸分離剤、又はフィブラート系薬剤といったコレステロール合成を阻害するような薬剤によるLDLコレステロールの管理と減少が含まれる。しかし、これらの医薬品には副作用がある。スタチンは、様々な度合いの筋毒性を有することが知られており(非特許文献2)、ニコチン酸は通常、血管拡張効果を誘導する。フィブラート系薬剤は、肝酵素の上昇、消化器系副作用、及び横紋筋融解症を含む多くの有害効果と関係がある(非特許文献3)。
Furchart, J.と Ailhaud, G. (1992) Clin. Chem. 38:793-797 Rosenson, (2004) Am. J. Med. 116(6):408-16 Muscari 等、(2002) Cardiology 97(3): 115-21) Navab 等、(2002) Circulation 105:290-292 Segrest等、(1974) FEBS Lett. 38:247-253
血管系の病気と、高いコレステロールレベルといった異常な脂質値の間には強い相関関係があり、異常な脂質値とは、特に血中及び心血管系一般におけるLDLコレステロールの上昇とHDLコレステロールの低下である。脂質値を改め、循環している血液内や病変部におけるコレステロール量を制御することは、アテローム性動脈硬化の発症及びそれに続く病状を低減するのに効果的であると考えられている。
“アミノ酸残基”という用語は、公知のものである。一般的に、ここで使用されるアミノ酸及び保護基を示すための略号は、IUPAC−IUBコミッション・オブ・バイオケミカル・ノーメンクレーチュアー(Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature)に基づくものである (Biochemistry (1972) 11:1726-1732参照)。ある実施形態において、本発明の方法で使用されるアミノ酸は、タンパク質中に存在する天然のアミノ酸、又はアミノ基とカルボキシル基を含むアミノ酸から天然に生じるタンパク同化産物又は異化産物である。特に、適切なアミノ酸側鎖は、以下のアミノ酸側鎖から選ばれるものを含む。すなわち、グリシン、アラニン、バリン、システイン、ロイシン、イソロイシン、セリン、スレオニン、メチオニン、グルタミン酸、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン、アスパラギン、リジン、アルギニン、プロリン、ヒスチジン、フェニルアラニン、チロシン、及びトリプトファンである。
ここで使用する "改善する"とは、症状を緩和する、軽減する、又は低下させる、あるいは病気の症状の発現回数を減らすことを意味する。
“予防”という用語は、その技術において承認されており、高コレステロール血症といった病気の再発又は発症といった状況で使用される際に当業者によく理解される用語である。さらに、組成物を投与しなかった場合と比べて、患者の医学的症状が出る頻度を減らす又は発症を遅らせるような組成物の投与もこの用語に含まれる。
ここで使用する“治療”とは、病気の進行を遅らせる、止める又は後退させることを意味する。好ましい実施形態において、“治療”とは、病気が消滅する時点までその進行を後退させることを意味する。
化合物
ペプチド模倣物とは、ペプチド及びタンパク質を基にした化合物、又はこれらから由来した化合物のことである。通常、本発明のペプチド模倣物は、例えば、非天然アミノ酸、構造制限、等価置換等を用いて、1つ又は複数のアミノ酸残基を構造的に修飾することによって得られるものである。当ペプチド模倣物は、合成したペプチド及び非ペプチド性物質を構造的につなげたものである。
本発明の化合物は、少なくとも15アミノ酸残基、より好ましくは18アミノ酸残基を含む。
ある実施形態においては、本発明のペプチド模倣物は、D-アミノ酸配列、F-A-E-K-F-K-E-A-V-K-D-Y-F-A-K-F-W-D (配列番号3)を含むペプチドと本質的に同様の3次元構造を有する。特定の実施形態においては、このペプチドは、天然のペプチドに対するレトロ・インバーソ(retro-inverso)型ペプチドのようにアミノ基からカルボキシル基の方向に、アミド結合以外の主鎖結合を少なくとも1つ有する、あるいはアミド結合以外の主鎖結合を少なくとも1つ有する。
例示的実施形態においては、ペプチド模倣物は、配列番号3又は配列番号2に、少なくとも75%、少なくとも80%、少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、又は少なくとも95%一致している。不一致なアミノ酸残基は、天然又は非天然に生じ得る。“一致率”という用語は、2つのアミノ酸配列、又は2つのヌクレオチド配列間の配列がどれくらい一致しているかを指す。比べやすいように並記した各配列の座位を比較することで、一致の程度を決めることができる。比較する配列の等価な位置に同じ塩基又はアミノ酸があれば、その分子はその位置において同一であり、等価な位置に同じ又は類似したアミノ酸残基(例えば、立体配置及び/又は電気的性質が類似)があれば、その分子はその位置において相同(類似)であると言える。相同性、類似性、又は一致性のパーセントは、比較する配列間の等価な位置における一致したアミノ酸又は類似したアミノ酸の数から導き出されるものである。アラインメントには、FASTA、BLAST、又はENTREZを含む様々なアルゴリズム及び/又はプログラムが使われてもよい。FASTA とBLASTは、GCG配列解析パッケージ(ウィスコンシン州立大学、マディソン、ウィスコンシン州)の一部として利用可能であり、例えば、デフォルト値をセットして使用することができる。ENTREZは、ベセズダ、メリーランド州の米国国立生物情報センター、国立医学図書館、国立衛生研究所で提供されている。一実施形態においては、2つの配列の一致率は、ギャップペナルティ1のGCGプログラムによって決めることができる。例えば、各アミノ酸のギャップは、2つの配列間における1アミノ酸又は1ヌクレオチドのミスマッチと同程度の評価にする。
F-A-E-K-F-K-E-A-V-K-D-Y-F-A-K-F-W-D (配列番号3)
ここで、各文字は、慣習的なアミノ酸の一文字表記を表す。ただし、アミノ酸はD-アミノ酸である。
Ac-F-A-E-K-F-K-E-A-V-K-D-Y-F-A-K-F-W-D-NH2 (I) (配列番号2)
ここで、各文字は、慣習的なアミノ酸の一文字表記を表す。ただし、アミノ酸はD-アミノ酸である。
本発明の他の一態様では、許容されたキャリア及び/又は賦形剤と、本発明のペプチド模倣物を医学的に効果の出る量含む医薬組成物を提供する。薬剤として許容されるキャリアには、任意の溶媒、分散溶液又はコーティングが含まれ、これらは生理学的に適合可能であり、ペプチド模倣物の活性を妨げたり、阻害したりしない。キャリアは、静脈注入、筋肉、口腔、腹膜内、経皮、局所、又は皮下を介した投与に適していることが好ましい。薬剤として許容されるキャリアの1つの実施例は、生理的食塩水である。他の薬剤として許容されるキャリア及びそれらの処方は公知であり、一般的には例えばRemington 's Pharmaceutical Science (第18版、Gennaro編、Mack Publishing Co., イーストン、ペンシルバニア州、1990)に記載されている。薬剤として許容される様々な賦形剤は公知であり、例えば、Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients (第4版、Rowe等編、Pharmaceutical Press、ワシントン D. C)に記載されている。組成物は、液体、マイクロエマルジョン、リポソーム、カプセル、錠剤、又は他の適切な剤形の状態で処方することができる。活性成分は、作用する標的部位に到達する前に、生体内環境によって不活性化されないように物質でコーティングされてもよい。
本発明の医薬組成物は、好ましくは滅菌性かつ非発熱性であるのがよく、製造過程又は保管状況化で安定であることが好ましい。
本発明のペプチド模倣物はまた、H1受容体拮抗薬、H2受容体を介した作動薬及び拮抗薬;COX-2阻害剤、NSAID、サリチル酸、アセトアミノフェン、プロピオン酸誘導体、エノール酸、ジアリールフラノン、シクロオキシゲナーゼ阻害剤、ブラジキニン作動薬及び拮抗薬等の抗炎症薬と組み合わせて使用されてもよい。
治療方法
本発明の一態様においては、治療的有効量の本発明の1つ又は複数のペプチド模倣物を投与することによって、アテローム性動脈硬化症が亢進している患者、又はその危険性がある患者を、治療する方法が提供される。
本発明の方法の実施形態は、本発明のペプチド模倣物を徐放性剤として投与することである。このような方法には、徐放性経皮吸収型パッチの利用、又は徐放性カプセルの体内への挿入、又は体内へ挿入可能なコーティング済み医療機器の利用が含まれ、これによって、本発明のペプチド模倣物を治療効果の出る量、患者に持続的に送達できるようになる。当発明の化合物及び/又は薬剤は、一定時間をかけて薬剤又はペプチドを徐放するカプセルを用いて送達されてもよい。放出制御型又は徐放性の組成物には、脂肪親和性のデポー製剤が含まれる (例えば、脂肪酸、蝋、オイル)。ポリマー(例えば、ポロキサマー又はポロキサミン)でコーティングされた特定の組成物もまた、本発明の視野に入る。
調査研究の手段
本発明のペプチド模倣物は、調査研究の手段としても有用である。例えば、本発明のペプチド模倣物は、他の化合物(他のペプチド模倣物を含む)のアテローム性動脈硬化症に対する効能を評価するのに使用することができる。
実施例1. レトロ・インバーソ(retro-inverso)型ペプチド模倣物Rev-D4Fの合成と精製
レトロ・インバーソ(retro-inverso)型ペプチド模倣物Rev-D4F は、標準的なペプチド合成法によって合成され、高速液体クロマトグラフィーで精製された。
受容体依存的なコレステロール排出にもたらすRev-D4Fの効果を調べた。クラスBスカベンジャー受容体タイプI (“SR-BI”) は、通常は肝細胞表面に発現しているHDLに対する受容体である。SR-BIに加えて、野生型アポA-I、L4Fペプチド、D4Fペプチド、又はRev-D4Fペプチド模倣物をトランスフェクトした細胞に、トリチウム標識したコレステロールを加え、コレステロール排出の割合を求めた。
ATP-結合カセットタンパク質A1("ABCA1") 依存的なコレステロール排出におけるRev-D4Fの効果も、SR-BIと同様(ただしSR-BIの代わりにABCA1をトランスフェクト)の方法を用いて調べた。SR-BI依存的なコレステロール排出と同様に、質量を基準にしたコレステロール排出促進効果は、アポA-Iよりも、L4F、D4F及びRev-D4Fが全て高かった。モルを基準に比較した場合は、SR- BI依存的なコレステロール排出と同様に、3つのペプチドは全て、アポA-Iより低い効果を示した (図3AとB参照)。
本研究においては、チオバルビツール酸反応物 (TBARS)の濃度上昇をどれくらい阻害するかを指標に、人動脈内皮細胞と硫酸銅(II)が引き起こす脂質の過酸化に対する、Rev-D4F、D-4F及びL-4Fペプチド模倣物の阻害活性を測定した。図 5と6に示されているように、3つのペプチド模倣物は全て、酸化性物質中の脂質の過酸化を著しく減少させた。さらに、D-4F よりRev-D4Fの方が脂質の過酸化をより顕著に阻害した。
この実験では、Rev-D4F、D-4F及びL-4Fペプチド模倣物が、抗炎症マーカーである単球遊走促進因子(MCP-1)のレベルを低下させる効果を解析した。 MCP-1のmRNA量を指標にしたところ、MCP-1量は、3つ全てのペプチド模倣物によって減少した。
この実験では、アポE欠損マウスのアテローム性動脈硬化に対するRev-D4F、D-4F及びL-4Fペプチド模倣物の効果を測定、比較した。アポE欠損マウスの4群 (4週齢、n=15) にコントロール食を与え、水(コントロール)、Rev-D4F、D-4F、又はL-4Fペプチド模倣物 (1.6 mg/日、n=12/群) を水に混ぜた状態で経口により6週間投与した。オイルレッドOで染色した大動脈根の切片をNIHソフトウェアで形態計測的に定量した。
ペプチド模倣物、それらの構成単位、及び他の前記組成物の等価体として考えられるものには、これらに相応し、これらと同じ特性(例えば、生体適合性)を有する物質が含まれ、この場合、元の分子の本来の作用を損なうことなく、1つ又は複数種の単純な置換が行われる。一般的に、本発明の化合物は、例えば下記の一般的な反応経路として例示されている方法、あるいは、簡単に使用できる反応開始物質、試剤及び慣習的な合成経路を用いて改良した方法によって調製されてもよい。これらの反応においては、ここで取り上げられなかった既知の変異体を利用することもまた可能である。
Claims (12)
- D-アミノ酸配列F-A-E-K-F-K-E-A-V-K-D-Y-F-A-K-F-W-D (配列番号3)からなり、コレステロール排出を促進しかつ血中脂質の酸化を阻害することを特徴とするペプチド模倣物。
- 患者の脂質値を改善することを特徴とする請求項1記載のペプチド模倣物。
- D-アミノ酸配列Ac-F-A-E-K-F-K-E-A-V-K-D-Y-F-A-K-F-W-D-NH2 (配列番号2)からなり、コレステロール排出を促進しかつ血中脂質の酸化を阻害することを特徴とするペプチド模倣物。
- 該ペプチド模倣物のアミノ末端又はカルボキシル末端に結合した保護基をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載のペプチド模倣物。
- 該ペプチド模倣物のアミノ末端に結合した第一の保護基、及び該ペプチド模倣物のカルボキシル末端に結合した第二の保護基を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載のペプチド模倣物。
- 前記保護基が、アセチル基、CH3-(CH2) n -CO-基、アミド基、Fmoc基、t-ブトキシカルボニル基、9-フルオレンアセチル基、1-フルオレンカルボキシル基、9-フルオレンカルボキシル基、9-フルオレノン-1-カルボキシル基、ベンジルオキシカルボニル基、キサンチル基、トリチル基、4-メチルトリチル基 、4-メトキシトリチル基、 4-メトキシ- 2,3,6-トリメチルベンゼンスルホニル基、メシチレン-2-スルホニル基、4,4-ジメトキシベンズヒドリル基、トシル基、2,2,5,7,8-ペンタメチルクロマン-6-サルフォニル基、4-メチルベンジル基、4-メトキシベンジル基、ベンジルオキシ基、ベンジル基、ベンゾイル基、3-ニトロ-2-ピリジンスルホニル基、1-(4,4-ジメチル-2,6-ジオキソシクロヘキシリデン)エチル基、2,6-ジクロロベンジル基、2-クロロベンジルオキシカルボニル基、2-ブロモベンジルオキシカルボニル基、ベンジルオキシメチル基、シクロヘキシルオキシ基、t-ブトキシメチル基、t-ブトキシ基、t-ブチル基、及びトリフルオロアセチル基から選択され、nが0 から12までの整数であることを特徴とする請求項4または5記載のペプチド模倣物。
- 治療的有効量の請求項1から6いずれか1項記載のペプチド模倣物を含む、哺乳類において血中コレステロールレベルの上昇を予防または治療するための医薬組成物。
- 治療的有効量の請求項1から6いずれか1項記載のペプチド模倣物を含む、哺乳類においてアテローム性動脈硬化症を予防または治療するための医薬組成物。
- 治療的有効量の請求項1から6いずれか1項記載のペプチド模倣物を含む、哺乳類において脂質値を改善するための医薬組成物。
- 徐放性製剤であることを特徴とする請求項7から9いずれか1項記載の医薬組成物。
- 脂質疾患を治療する薬剤、抗高血圧薬、心血管薬および抗炎症薬より成る群から選択される第2の活性薬剤をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項7から10いずれか1項記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記哺乳類がヒトである請求項7から11いずれか1項記載の医薬組成物。
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| US8568766B2 (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2013-10-29 | Gattadahalli M. Anantharamaiah | Peptides and peptide mimetics to treat pathologies associated with eye disease |
| AU2005275009B2 (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2011-12-08 | Trustees Of Tufts College | Apolipoprotein A1 mimetics and uses thereof |
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| JP2008522980A (ja) * | 2004-12-06 | 2008-07-03 | ザ リージェンツ オブ ザ ユニバーシティ オブ カリフォルニア | 小血管の構造および機能を改善するための方法 |
| WO2006118805A2 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-11-09 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Peptides and peptide mimetics to treat pathologies characterized by an inflammatory response |
| US20080293639A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2008-11-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Peptides and peptide mimetics to treat pathologies characterized by an inflammatory response |
| WO2007137400A1 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2007-12-06 | Institut De Cardiologie De Montreal | Method and compound for the treatment of valvular stenosis |
| WO2008021088A2 (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-02-21 | The Regents Of The University Of Californina | Salicylanilides enhance oral delivery of therapeutic peptides |
| CN101675072A (zh) * | 2006-12-13 | 2010-03-17 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | 胆固醇流出的有效和选择性的介质 |
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| US9173890B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2015-11-03 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Sustained release of Apo A-I mimetic peptides and methods of treatment |
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| CN105050614B (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-04-05 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | 刺激胆固醇流出的具有降低的毒性的肽 |
| CN103910802B (zh) * | 2014-04-24 | 2017-01-11 | 华中科技大学 | 一种促进树突细胞摄取抗原肽的多肽、促进树突细胞摄取抗原肽的纳米颗粒及其应用 |
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| FR3026409B1 (fr) * | 2014-09-26 | 2018-03-30 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) | Procede de criblage de molecules interferentes |
| WO2016154544A1 (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2016-09-29 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Compositions and methods for delivery of biomacromolecule agents |
| EP3471778A4 (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2020-02-19 | The Regents of The University of Michigan | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR ADMINISTERING BIOMACROMOLECULAR AGENTS |
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| AU2021354095A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 | 2023-06-08 | Abionyx Pharma Sa | Compositions comprising lipid binding protein-based complexes for use for treating eye diseases |
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| WO2023194797A1 (en) | 2022-04-06 | 2023-10-12 | Abionyx Pharma Sa | Methods for treating eye diseases using lipid binding protein-based complexes |
| US20250352613A1 (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2025-11-20 | Stanislas FAGUER | Methods for treating hyperinflammatory conditions using lipid binding protein -based complexes |
| CA3258785A1 (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-12-14 | Cyrille TUPIN | METHODS FOR TREATING ACUTE CONDITIONS USING LIPID-BINDING PROTEIN COMPLEXES |
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| US6664230B1 (en) * | 2000-08-24 | 2003-12-16 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Orally administered peptides to ameliorate atherosclerosis |
| US7105635B2 (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2006-09-12 | The University Of Toledo | Cyclic beta-sheet peptides useful as apoptotic/cytotoxic cancer agents |
| AU2005275009B2 (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2011-12-08 | Trustees Of Tufts College | Apolipoprotein A1 mimetics and uses thereof |
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| AU2005275009B2 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
| AU2005275009A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| KR20070095862A (ko) | 2007-10-01 |
| US20120259091A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
| CN101076541A (zh) | 2007-11-21 |
| US20100009919A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
| WO2006020040A2 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| EP1771473A2 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
| US20060069030A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
| NO20070876L (no) | 2007-03-30 |
| JP2008506709A (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
| KR101185609B1 (ko) | 2012-09-24 |
| TWI377066B (en) | 2012-11-21 |
| CA2574007A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
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