JP4981271B2 - Multi-mode integrated circuit device including mode detection and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an integrated circuit device, and more particularly to a multi-mode integrated circuit device and an operation method thereof.

  The smart card SC is a plastic card having a built-in integrated circuit (embedded integrated circuit). The integrated circuit is, for example, a microcontroller having a memory and software coupled to a logic circuit with a memory or a custom integrated circuit block. The smart card integrated circuit is attached to a lead frame, and a wire bonding technique is used to connect the connection path of the integrated circuit to the lead frame contact. Potting and other strengthening methods can be used to protect integrated circuits from chemical mechanical stress and the like. Contact pads are located on one side of the smart card and are limited to a specific number. Contact pads are used to perform transactions with smart card readers using a serial protocol.

  Various standards for smart cards have been established by the International Standards Organization (ISO). The ISO 7816 standard allows a wide range of smart card usage in various applications such as accounting, cryptography, personal authentication and JAVA script execution. ISO documents within ISO 7816 standard for smart card operation ISO 7816-1 physical characteristics, ISO 7816-2 protocol, ISO 7816-3 electrical signals and transmission protocols 16 and ISO protocols 78 Electrical signals and responses to reset for synchronous cards, etc. for synchronous card resets.

  Smart cards are used for authentication and / or security in various applications such as cellular phones, credit cards and ID (identification) cards. For example, a smart card is a proof smart card connected to a prepaid card for a public telephone, a point of sale (POS) for a terminal bank card and an ATM (Automatic Teller Machines), a TV supplier payment in a set-up box, and It is used for wireless communication providers in SIM (subscriber identification module) and GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) terminals.

  The smart card performs communication with the host through a smart card reader. An example of a personal computer system 100 that communicates with a smart card is shown in FIG. The personal computer system 100 includes a processor or host unit 110, a display 120, and a keyboard 130. 1 includes a mouse 140 and a smart card reader 150. The display 120, the keyboard 130, the mouse 140, and the smart card reader 150 are connected to the host unit 110 by a cable or a wireless link. The smart card reader 150 communicates with the smart card 160 using the first protocol, and communicates with the host unit 110 using the second protocol. The first protocol is the ISO7816 protocol according to the above-mentioned ISO standard. The smart card reader 150 is connected to the host unit 110 using a serial port, a parallel port, or a second separate protocol. The smart card 160 is read by a security processing connection using the personal computer system 100.

  The card reader 150 can communicate with the smart card 160 using the ISO 7816 protocol, and communicates with the host unit 110 through a serial port of the host using a serial protocol such as the RS232C protocol. For serial links such as the RS232C protocol between the smart card reader 150 and the host unit 110, various communication speeds (eg, 9600 bps or 2-4 times 9600 bps) are supported. The overall data transmission rate between the smart card 160 and the host unit 110 is limited by the low data transmission rate of the serial port (generally 1 Mbps or less). Therefore, the reader 150 needs to read data from the smart card 160 and buffer the data in order to transmit the data to the host unit 110 of the personal computer system 100.

  FIG. 2 shows another type of personal computer system 200 that can read smart card information. The personal computer system 200 supports communication not only through a serial RS232C port, but also through a USB (Universal Serial Bus) protocol and / or an IEEE (Institut of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 1394 protocol port. The smart card device 160 ′ communicates with the host using a USB and / or IEEE 1394 protocol through a dongle 250. The dongle 250 is smaller than the connector socket having the plug 251 and can be connected to the USB or IEEE port of the host unit 110 by a cable or wirelessly. Various dongles 250 having various connectors 251 suitable for USB or IEEE 1394 communication can be used. The host unit 210 is further connected to a display 220, a keyboard 230, and a mouse 240 for user input / output communication.

  FIG. 2 shows a smart card 160 ′ including a connector (contact pad) 261 on the upper surface, and the smart card 160 shown in FIG. 1 includes a connector 161 on the upper surface. Connectors 161, 261 are used to enable input / output communication between the smart cards 160, 160 'and the corresponding smart card reader 150 or dongle 250.

  The smart card 160 is configured to be read by the ISO standard smart card reader 150, while the smart card 160 ′ has a configuration capable of communicating with the USB protocol when the dongle 250 suitable for the USB interface 251 is configured. It will be appreciated that smart card 160 differs from smart card 160 'in that other types of smart cards are read by an IEEE 1394 dongle having an IEEE 1394 connector 251. That is, the smart card 160 is not read by the dongle 250 and the smart card 160 ′ is not read by the smart card reader 150.

  The use of the USB or IEEE 1394 interface in the personal computer system 200 increases the data transmission rate from the smart card 160 '. For example, the USB interface generally supports a data communication rate of 12 Mbps or higher, and the IEEE 1394 interface supports a data communication rate of about 400 Mbps. Therefore, it is possible to directly transmit data from the smart card 160 'to the host unit 210 without using buffering or a buffer in the dongle 250, and the dongle 250 is simplified. Further, when the smart card 160 ′ is inserted into the dongle 250, hot plugging and playing is possible without interrupting the personal computer 200.

The USB interface uses four lines for transmitting two power supply voltages VDD and VSS and data D + and D−. The USB standard is defined by USB (Universal Serial Bus Specification) and is a non-profit company, USB Implementers Form Inc., established by a group of companies that developed the USB specification. Established and managed by.
Republic of Korea Special Publication No. 2000-38226

  An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-mode integrated circuit device capable of executing communication in accordance with not only the ISO 7816 protocol but also the USB protocol with a host.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of operating a multi-mode integrated circuit device that can select whether the smart card communicates with a host according to the ISO 7816 protocol or the USB protocol.

  According to the above-described features of the present invention, the multi-mode integrated circuit device on the integrated circuit board is responsive to the mode selection signal in the first mode according to the ISO (International Standard Organization) standard ISO7816 and the second mode different from the ISO7816. A controller configured to operate at: a first plurality of input / output pads associated with operation within the first mode; a second plurality of input / output pads associated with operation within the second mode; And connected to at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads, senses a connection between an external device and at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads, and the external device and the first pad The second mode is selected in response to sensing connection with at least one of the plurality of input / output pads. It includes a mode detection circuit for activating a mode selection signal to. The second mode includes an IEEE (Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers) 1394 protocol mode or a USB (Universal Serial Bus) protocol mode.

  In a preferred embodiment, the controller generates a mode detection sample signal, and the mode detection circuit is responsive to connection sensing of at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device. The mode selection signal is activated a plurality of consecutive times at intervals defined by the signal.

  In a preferred embodiment, the mode detection circuit detects an electrical characteristic of an external device connected to at least one of the plurality of input / output pads. The mode detection circuit activates the mode selection signal in response to an electrical characteristic having a detection level between a first predetermined level and a second predetermined level. The electrical characteristic includes a resistance component.

  In a preferred embodiment, the mode detection circuit includes an active mode and a power saving mode for detecting connection of at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device. In the power saving mode, the mode detection circuit is separated from the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads. The controller separates the mode detection circuit from the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads in the second mode. The mode detection circuit includes a reference current generation circuit coupled to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads, and the reference current generation circuit and the second plurality of input / output pads. A connection detection connected to at least one and activating the mode selection signal in response to a detection output signal from the reference current generation circuit and a signal on the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads. Includes circuitry.

  In a preferred embodiment, the integrated circuit device further includes a reference voltage generation circuit that outputs a reference voltage to a reference current generation circuit and the connection detection circuit, and the connection detection circuit includes the reference voltage and the reference current generation circuit. Activating the mode selection signal in response to the output signal and the signal on the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads.

  In this embodiment, the controller generates a switching signal during a second mode, and the mode detection circuit is responsive to the switching signal from the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads to the mode. A switching circuit for separating the detection circuit is included.

  In this embodiment, the reference current generation circuit includes first and second current source transistors having current mirror characteristics, and the second current source transistor includes the first input and the second plurality of inputs of the connection detection circuit. A first resistor having an output coupled to the at least one of the output pads and having an output coupled to the output of the first current source transistor and the second input of the coupling detection circuit; and A second transistor having one end connected in series with the other end of the first resistor, wherein the connection detecting circuit is connected to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads; When the resistance value is larger than the resistance value of the second resistor and smaller than the sum of the resistance values of the first and second resistors, the voltage of the first input of the connection detection circuit and the link It activates the mode selection signal in response to the voltage of the second input of the detection circuit.

  In this embodiment, the controller generates a mode detection sample signal, and the mode detection circuit is responsive to detection of connection between the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device. The mode selection signal is activated a plurality of consecutive times at intervals defined by the signal. The mode detection circuit receives the mode detection sample signal as a clock signal, and after detecting connection of the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device, at an interval defined by the mode detection sample signal. A shift register circuit that activates the mode selection signal a plurality of consecutive times is further included.

  In this embodiment, the second mode includes a USB (Universal Serial Bus) protocol mode.

  In a preferred embodiment, the reference current generating circuit includes a first input connected to the reference voltage signal from the reference voltage signal generator, a second input connected to one end of the second resistor, and the first and Further included is an amplifier having an output coupled to the gate of the second current source transistor.

  In a preferred embodiment, the multi-mode integrated circuit device includes a system bus coupled to the controller, an ISO interface circuit coupled to the system bus, a second mode interface circuit coupled to the system bus, and And a memory coupled to the system bus. The memory includes a random access memory (RAM) connected to the system bus, a non-volatile memory (NVM) connected to the system bus, and a read only memory (ROM) connected to the system bus. Including.

  A multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to another embodiment of the present invention operates in a first mode suitable for ISO 7816 of the International Standard Organization (ISO) standard and a second mode different from ISO 7816 in response to a mode selection signal. A controller, a first plurality of input / output pads associated with operation in the first mode, a second plurality of input / output pads associated with operation in the second mode, and the second plurality of inputs / outputs. A resistance level of an external device connected to at least one of the output pads and connected to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads is detected, and the resistance level of the external device is a first predetermined level. Selecting the second mode in response to being detected between a level and a second predetermined level And a mode detection circuit for activating said mode selection signal.

  In a preferred embodiment, the second mode includes a USB (Universal Serial Bus) mode. The controller is further configured to operate in a third mode suitable for an Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 1394 protocol in response to the mode selection signal, and the mode detection circuit includes the second plurality of input / outputs A first value of the mode selection signal is generated in response to detection of connection between the at least one of the pads and the USB device, and detection of connection between the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and the IEEE 1394 device. In response to generating a second value of the mode selection signal.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, a multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board includes a first mode suitable for ISO 7816 of the International Standard Organization (ISO) standard and a second mode different from ISO 7816 in response to a mode selection signal. And a controller for generating a mode detection sample signal, a first plurality of input / output pads associated with the operation in the first mode, and a second plurality of inputs associated with the operation in the second mode. / Output pad and at least one of the first or second plurality of input / output pads, and the first plurality of inputs / outputs a plurality of consecutive times at intervals defined by the mode detection sample signal. Output pad or at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device Detecting a connection and responding to detecting at least one of the first plurality of input / output pads or a plurality of successive connections of the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and the external device Then, the mode selection signal is driven so as to select the first mode or the second mode.

  In a preferred embodiment, the second mode includes an Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 1394 protocol mode or a Universal VeRal SeRial Bus (USB) protocol mode.

  In this embodiment, the mode detection circuit is connected to the at least one of the first plurality of input / output pads or the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads. Detecting at least one of the first plurality of input / output pads or a connection between the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device. .

  In this embodiment, the mode detection circuit activates the mode selection signal in response to an electrical characteristic having a detection level between a first predetermined level and a second predetermined level. The electrical characteristic includes a resistance component.

  In this embodiment, the controller separates the mode detection circuit from the second plurality of input / output pads in the second mode. The mode detection circuit includes a reference current generation circuit connected to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads, and the reference current generation circuit and the second plurality of input / output pads. A connection detection circuit connected to at least one and activating the mode selection signal in response to a detection output signal from the reference current generation circuit and a signal on at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads. including.

  In this embodiment, the multi-mode integrated circuit device further includes a reference voltage generation circuit that outputs a reference voltage to the reference current generation circuit and the connection detection circuit, and the connection detection circuit generates the reference voltage and the reference current generation. The mode selection signal is activated in response to the output signal from the circuit and the signal on the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads. The controller generates a switching signal in the second mode, and the mode detection circuit includes a switching circuit that isolates the mode detection circuit from the second plurality of input / output pads in response to the swing signal.

  In this embodiment, the mode detection circuit receives the mode detection sample signal as a clock signal, and after detecting the connection between the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device, the mode detection sample signal It further includes a shift register circuit that activates the mode selection signal a plurality of times at a defined interval.

  In this embodiment, the reference current generating circuit includes a first input connected to the reference voltage signal from the reference voltage signal generator, a second input connected to one end of the second resistor, and the first and Further included is an amplifier having an output coupled to the gate of the second current source transistor.

  In this embodiment, a system bus connected to the controller, an ISO interface circuit connected to the system bus, a second mode interface circuit connected to the system bus, and a memory connected to the system bus; Further included.

  In a preferred embodiment, the second mode includes a USB (Universal Serial Bus) mode. The controller is further configured to operate in a third mode suitable for an Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 1394 protocol in response to the mode detection signal, the mode detection signal being the second plurality of input / output pads. A mode selection signal having a first value is generated in response to detection of connection between the at least one of the USB external devices and the USB external device, and detection of connection between the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and the IEEE 1394 device. In response, the mode selection signal having the second value is generated.

  According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for selecting an operation mode of a multimode integrated circuit smart card device configured to operate in a first mode suitable for ISO (International Standard organization) standard ISO7816 and a second mode different from ISO7816. Detecting whether an external device is connected to an input / output pad of the device associated with the second mode; and connecting an external device to an input / output pad of the device associated with the second mode. Responsively activating a mode selection signal and responsive to activation of the mode selection signal, the device operates in the second mode. When the mode selection signal is deactivated, the device operates in the first mode.

  According to the present invention, the multi-mode integrated circuit device can execute communication with the host not only according to the ISO 7816 protocol but also according to the USB protocol.

  Various embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a multimode integrated circuit on an integrated circuit (semiconductor) substrate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The multimode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 is different from the first mode and ISO-7816 for the ISO (International Standard Organization) protocol ISO-7816 in response to the mode selection signal USB_MODE (the USB mode is shown in the drawing). A microprocessor (or controller) 350 configured to operate in the second mode is included. In particular, the smart card circuit diagram shown in FIG. 3 includes an ISO interface I / F 310 and a USB interface circuit 360.

  Multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 includes a plurality of contact pads including VDD 301, VSS 302 and ISO input / output I / O contact pads 303. The USB input / output pads include a contact pad 304 corresponding to the USB D + signal and a contact pad 305 corresponding to the USB D−. Further, the example shown in FIG. 3 includes a clock CLK contact pad 306 and a reset RST contact pad 307.

  A multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 provides ISO 7816 and USB communication and includes an IEEE 1394 interface circuit instead of the USB interface circuit 360, or is included in the USB interface circuit 360. In addition, it further includes an IEEE 1394 interface circuit. As is well known, four additional contact pads corresponding to signals TPA, ~ TPA, TPB, ~ TPB must be added for the IEEE 1394 interface. In a preferred embodiment, the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 selectively operates in one of an ISO mode or a plurality of non-ISO modes.

  Also, in the example of FIG. 3, the mode detection circuit 370 is connected to one of the input / output contact pads 304 and 305 associated with the USB interface circuit 360. The mode detection circuit 370 detects the connection between the external device and the contact pads 304 and 305, and activates the mode selection signal USB_MODE so as to select the USB mode in response to the detection of the connection between the external device and the contact pads 304 and 305. . The connection detection between the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 using one of the contact pads 304 and 305 and the non-ISO port of the external host is, for example, the power of the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260. It is executed during the up sequence.

  FIG. 3 shows a multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 that includes a system bus 308 coupled to a controller 350. The ISO interface circuit 310 and the USB interface circuit 360 are connected to the system bus 308. In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, a plurality of various memories, that is, a random access memory (RAM) 320, a non-volatile memory (NVM) 330, and a read-only memory (ROM) 340 are connected to the system bus 308. The USB interface contact pads 304 and 305 are connected to a smart card system including a multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 through a USB adapter module. The USB interface has, for example, a USB plug 251 as shown in FIG.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the mode detection circuit 370 includes a reference voltage generation circuit 371, a reference current generation circuit 372, a detection circuit 373, a switch circuit 374, and a USB mode signal generation circuit 376. The mode detection circuit 370 detects the electrical characteristics of the external device and is connected to the USB D + contact pad 304 in the example shown in FIG. However, in other embodiments of the present invention, the mode detection circuit 370 detects the electrical characteristics of the contact pads 305 of the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 or a plurality of contact pads associated with the non-ISO mode. Can be linked to. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the mode detection circuit 370 activates the mode selection signal USB_MODE in response to an electrical characteristic having a detected level between a first predetermined level and a second predetermined level. This will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 4, in which the electrical characteristic is resistance.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the mode detection circuit 370 is separated from the contact pad 304 by the switch circuit 374 in response to the switching signal SW <b> 1 from the controller 350. The mode detection circuit 370 has an active mode and detects the connection between the external device and the contact pad 304, and the AEM detection circuit is separated from the contact pad 304 in the power saving mode. Such a switching signal SW1 is used to isolate the mode detection circuit 370 from one or more input / output pads associated with the non-ISO mode of operation of the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260. Provided to.

  In the example of FIG. 3, the reference voltage generation circuit 371 outputs the reference voltage to the reference current generation circuit 372 and the connection detection circuit 373. The connection detection circuit 373 is connected to the contact pad 304 through the switching circuit 374 and receives an output signal from the reference voltage generation circuit 371. Connection detection circuit 373 activates detection output signal UDET in response to the reference voltage from reference voltage generation circuit 371, the signal level from contact pad 304, and the output signal from reference current generation circuit 372. The reference current generation circuit 372 is connected to an input / output contact pad 304 used for the USB mode of the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260.

  Referring to FIG. 4, the reference current generation circuit 372 generates a reference current in response to the input reference voltage signal from the reference voltage generator 371, and when the switch 374 is closed in response to the switching signal SW1, the input / output is performed. A current is supplied to the contact pad 304. In the configuration of FIG. 3, when the reference current is discharged through the contact pad 304 at a predetermined level to indicate that the D + contact pad 304 is connected to the non-ISO pad of the host device, the connection detection circuit 373 detects the detection output. Signal UDET is set in an active state (logic high). In other words, the USB mode that enables the USB communication interface to communicate from the multimode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 to the USB host is selected.

  The mode signal generation circuit 376 shown in FIG. 3 sets the mode selection signal USB_MODE as the activated state (logic high) when the detection output signal is set as the activated state a predetermined number of times. In particular, the mode signal generation circuit 376 activates the mode selection signal USB_MODE in response to the detection output signal UDET based on the mode detection sample signal GETDT from the controller 350.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, if the mode selection signal USB_MODE is deactivated, the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 operates in the ISO mode. In ISO mode, D + and D-pads 304, 305 are disabled. When the mode selection signal USB_MODE is activated, the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 operates in a non-ISO (USB shown in FIG. 3) mode. In non-ISO mode, the contact pads associated with ISO operation including I / O contact pad 303, clock contact pad 306, and reset contact pad 307 are disabled.

  With reference to FIG. 4, a mode detection circuit 370 according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the mode detection circuit 370 is connected to the USB host device 210. The USB contact pad 211 of the host device 210 shown in FIG. 4 includes a power supply VDD contact pad 212, a ground voltage VSS contact pad 213, a D− contact pad 214 and a D + contact pad 215. The D− contact pad 214 and the D + contact pad 215 are connected to the host USB interface circuit 216. The D-contact pad 214 is connected to the ground voltage through the pull-down resistor RPD1, and the D + contact pad 215 is connected to the ground voltage through the pull-down resistor RPD2_. Contact pad 215 is connected to contact pad 304 of mode detection circuit 370.

  The reference voltage generator 371 of the mode detection circuit 370 is connected to the power down signal PWN from the controller 350 and outputs the reference voltage signal VREF to the reference current generation circuit 372 and the connection detection circuit 373. The reference current generation circuit 372 includes an operational amplifier 401, two MOSFET transistors MP1 and MP2, and two resistors R1 and R2. The MOSFET transistors MP1 and MP2 shown in FIG. 4 are selected by having the same gate-source voltage Vgs, and are connected to operate as a current mirror circuit. That is, when the current flows through the transistor MP2, the current I through the transistor MP1 and the current I through the transistor MP2 are completely the same (the switch circuit 374 is opened or an external device is connected to the contact pad 304). When there is no current, there is no current flowing through transistor MP2.)

  The output voltage from the operational amplifier 401 is connected to the gates of the transistors MP1 and MP2. The voltage level V1 between the resistors R1 and R2 is fed back as an input of the operational amplifier 401. Therefore, the voltage level V1 rises to the reference voltage VREF through the operational amplifier 401 and the transistor MP1. The current flowing through the transistor MP1 is V1 (= VREF) / R2, and the voltage level V2 is VREF (1 + R1) / R2. That is, the resistors R1 and R2 operate as a voltage divider circuit that sets the voltage between the resistors R1 and R2 as the reference voltage VREF.

  As described with reference to FIG. 3, the switch circuit 374 is turned on to activate the mode detection active mode of the mode detection circuit 370 in response to the switching signal SW1 from the controller 350. When the D + contact pad 304 is not connected to the host D + contact pad 215 in the active mode, the switch 374 is closed, and the detected output signal voltage V3 from the reference current generator 372 is a source voltage reference input to the transistors MP1 and MP2. It becomes level VDD. However, if the D + contact pad 304 is connected to the D + contact pad 215 of the host 210, current is discharged through the pull-down resistor RPD2 in the host 210, so that the detection output signal voltage V3 is lowered.

  The connection detection circuit 373 includes operational amplifiers 403 and 404 and an AND gate 405. Each of the operational amplifiers 403 and 404 is connected to a detection output signal having a voltage V3 from the reference current generation circuit 373. The second input of operational amplifier 403 is coupled to resistor R1, which is at the V2 voltage level. The second input of operational amplifier 9404 is coupled to D + contact pad 304. The outputs of the operational amplifiers 403 and 404 are connected to the AND gate 405 and output a mode detection signal UDET.

  The connection detection circuit 373 sets the mode detection signal UDET as an active state (level) when the detection output signal voltage V3 is higher than the reference voltage VREF and lower than the voltage level V2. In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage level V2 is set to approximately twice the reference voltage VREF. In particular, in the embodiment of the present invention, the reference voltage VREF is 1.2V, the source voltage VDD is 3.3V, the resistor R1 is 10 kΩ, the resistor R2 is 10 kΩ, and the pull-down resistors RPD1 and RPD2 are 15 kΩ. Therefore, when connected to the host device 210, the 15 kΩ resistor is located between the voltage reference V3 and the ground voltage, the 10 kΩ resistor R2 is between the voltage reference V1 and the ground voltage, and the 20 kΩ resistor R1 + R2 is the voltage. Located between the reference V2 and the ground voltage. As a result, the currents flowing through the bodies of the transistors MP1 and MP2 are the same, and the detection output signal voltage V3 is lowered to the center point between the voltage references V2 and V1.

  The connection detection circuit 373 detects whether or not the voltage level V2 is higher than V3 using the operational amplifier 403, and uses the operational amplifier 404 to detect whether the detected output signal voltage level V3 is the same reference voltage level as the voltage reference level V1. Sense whether it is higher than VREF. When the two conditions are true, the AND gate 405 sets the mode detection signal UDET to the active logic (high) state.

  An output UDET from the connection sensing circuit 373 is input to the mode signal generation circuit 376. The mode signal generation circuit 376 activates the mode selection signal USB_MODE at a plurality of sequential intervals defined by the mode detection sample signal GETDT in response to sensing connection between the contact pad 304 and the external host device 210.

  The mode detection sample signal GETDT is generated by the controller 350 shown in FIG. In particular, when the mode detection signal UDET is activated three times and input to the mode signal generation circuit 376 within a predetermined time period set by the clocking rate of the sampling signal GETDT, the mode of the present invention shown in FIG. The signal generation circuit 376 sets the mode selection signal USB_MODE as an active state. Three activation detections of the mode detection signal UDET are achieved by the use of flip-flops 410, 411, 412 each accepting the sampling signal GETDT as a clock signal. The mode detection signal UDET is input to the first flip-flop 410 and its output is provided to the input of the next flip-flop 411 and the input of the AND gate 413. The output of the second flip-flop 411 is provided as the input of the third flip-flop 412 and the input of the AND gate 413. Finally, the output of the third flip-flop 412 DML is input to the AND gate 413. As a result, when the mode detection signal UDET is continuously clocked three times through the flip-flop circuits 410, 411, 412, the mode selection signal USB_MODE is set to a high level active state. The use of the mode signal generation circuit 375 according to an embodiment of the present invention can prevent or detect errors in the mode detection signal UDET due to the human interface such as when the smart card connector is inserted into or removed from the host connector. This is to reduce the amount.

  After the interface mode detection and mode selection signal USB_MODE of the multimode integrated circuit (smart card) device 260 are set, the current flowing through the mode detection circuit 370 is cut off. Further, the switch circuit 374 is opened. In response to the power down signal PWD, the current flowing through the mode detection circuit 370 is cut off, and the power consumption of the mode detection circuit 370 is reduced by opening the switch circuit 374.

  To summarize the present invention shown in FIG. 4 as described above, the reference current generating circuit 372 includes a first transistor MP1 and a second transistor MP2 which are current source transistors, and has a current mirror characteristic. The second current source transistor MP2 is connected to the contact pad 304 through the output connected to the first input of the connection detection circuit 373 and the switch circuit 374. The first resistor R1 has one end connected to the output of the first current source transistor MP1 and the second input of the connection detection circuit 373. The second register R2 has one end connected in series with the other end of the first register R1. The connection detection circuit 373 having such an arrangement has a connection detection circuit when the resistance value of the external device 210 connected to the contact pad 304 is larger than the second resistance R2 and smaller than the sum of the first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2. In response to the detection output signal V3 being input to the first input of 373 and the voltage V2 being input to the second input of the connection detection circuit 373, the mode selection signal USB_MODE is activated to detect the non-ISO operation mode. . The shift register circuit of the mode signal generation circuit 376 includes a plurality of flip-flops 410, 411, 412 and an AND gate 413 that receive the mode detection signal GETDT as a clock signal, and a plurality of sequential times set by the sampling signal GETDT. After detecting that the contact pad 304 is connected to the external host device 210, the mode selection signal USB_MODE is activated. Responsive to detecting the resistance level of the external host device 210 that is between the first predetermined level and the second predetermined level set by the selection of the register values R1, R2 related to the resistance characteristic of the pull-down resistor RPD2 of the host device 210 The mode detection signal USB_MODE is activated.

  In the above description, the case where the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device is in the second mode (or non-ISO mode), that is, the USB mode, is described, and the multi-mode integrated circuit device is an ISO and IEEE multi-mode device. Has been previously described. The third mode of the present invention is an IEEE (Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers) 1394 protocol application mode that responds to a mode detection signal. In this case, the mode detection circuit 370 generates the first value USB_MODE of the mode detection signal in response to the connection detection between the contact pad and the USB external device, and the mode in response to the connection detection between the non-ISO contact pad and the IEEE1394 host device. A second value IEEE_MODE of the detection signal is generated. In this embodiment, the above-described circuit for detecting the resistance characteristic of the external device includes an external IEEE 1394 device having resistances R1 and R2 provided for detection corresponding to the load resistance of the IEEE 1394 host device 210. It will be appreciated that the circuit is identical to the connection sensing circuit. It will be appreciated that the electrical characteristics for connection detection through the switch circuit 374 can utilize not only the resistance component but also electrical characteristics such as capacitance, inductance, impedance, etc. .

  The mode selection operation of the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Referring to FIG. 5, after the smart card integrated circuit device is inserted into the host device reader, a power-on sequence of the multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device is started (step 501). The power on sequence includes activating a power down signal PDW for powering up additional circuitry in mode detection circuit 370. The mode detection circuit active mode is initialized by turning on the switch circuit 374 (step S503). After the switch 374 is turned on, when the voltage V3 is higher than the reference voltage VREF and lower than the voltage V2 (step 505), the detection signal UDET is activated (step 507). If the signal UDET is detected as active for a predetermined number of times (step 509), a mode detection signal is generated (step 511). If the signal USB_MODE is activated, a non-ISO operation is initialized (step 513). Initializing non-ISO operation includes enabling non-ISO interface contact pads and disabling ISO interface contact pads.

  If the voltage V3 is lower than the reference voltage VREF or the voltage V3 is higher than the voltage V2 (step 505), the detection signal UDET is generated in an inactive state (step 507). At this time, the ISO mode operation is initialized (step 515). The ISO mode operation initialization includes a process of enabling the ISO interface contact pad and disabling the non-ISO interface contact pad and the circuit. CPU / controller operation is initialized (step 517). According to the example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the signal PDW is activated to generate a power down mode of the mode detection circuit (step 519).

  FIG. 6 illustrates timing operations of the signals SW1, D +, UDET, GETDT, and USB_MODE according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the connection between the external circuit and the D + contact pad detects that the signal GETDT is clocked a predetermined number of times before the signal USB_MODE is generated, and sets the signal USB_MODE. As shown in FIG. 6, the switching signal SW is not maintained during a sequence of multiple samples of the signal GETDT but is activated for each sample window. Such a periodic operation reduces the power consumption of the mode detection circuit 370.

  FIG. 7 shows a method of selecting an operation mode of a multi-mode integrated circuit smart card device configured to operate in a first mode suitable for ISO 7816 and a second mode different from ISO 7816. Referring to FIG. 7, the connection between the input / output connector of the device and the external device related to the second mode is detected (step 700). The mode selection signal is activated in response to detecting the connection between the device input / output connec- tion associated with the second mode and the external device (step 705). If it is determined that the external device is connected to the input / output connector associated with the second mode (step 710), the second mode operation is initialized (step 720). If it is determined that the external device is not connected to the input / output connector associated with the second mode (step 710), the operation in the first mode (or ISO 7816 mode) is selected (step 715).

  In other embodiments of the present invention, the functions / operations described in the steps shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 may be generated differently from the procedures in the flowchart. For example, two consecutive steps can be performed simultaneously, depending on the associated function / operation, or the steps can be performed in reverse order.

  While the invention has been described with reference to illustrative preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Accordingly, the scope of the claims includes all such modifications and similar structures and should be construed as broadly as possible.

1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a personal computer system that communicates with a smart card. FIG. It is a figure which shows the other kind of personal computer system which can read smart card information. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a multimode integrated circuit on an integrated circuit (semiconductor) substrate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 illustrates a mode detection circuit according to various embodiments of the present invention. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a mode selection operation of a multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of signals according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3. It is a flowchart which shows the operation mode selection method of a multi-mode integrated circuit smart card apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

260 Multi-mode integrated circuit (smart card) device 308 System bus 310 ISO interface circuit 320 RAM
330 NVM
340 ROM
350 microprocessor (or controller)
360 ISO interface I / F 310 and USB interface circuit 370 Mode detection circuit 371 Reference voltage generation circuit 372 Reference current generation circuit 373 Connection detection circuit 374 Switch circuit 376 USB mode signal generation circuit

Claims (38)

A controller configured to operate in a first mode according to ISO protocol ISO7816 and a second mode different from ISO7816 in response to a mode selection signal;
A first plurality of input / output pads associated with operation in the first mode;
A second plurality of input / output pads associated with operation in the second mode;
Connected to at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads, senses connection between an external device and at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads, and the external device and the second A mode detection circuit for activating a mode selection signal to select the second mode in response to sensing connection with at least one of the plurality of input / output pads;
The mode detection circuit is
Coupled to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads;
A reference current corresponding to a reference voltage and configured to supply the reference current to the combined input / output pad;
The reference current generation circuit and the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads are connected to each other.
A connection detection circuit for activating the mode selection signal in response to sequential detection of an output signal output when the reference current is discharged through the combined input / output pad;
A reference voltage generating circuit for outputting a reference voltage to the connection detection circuit;
The reference current generation circuit includes:
First and second current source transistors having current mirror characteristics;
The second current source transistor has a first input of the connection detection circuit and an output connected to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads;
A first resistor having one end having an output coupled to an output of the first current source transistor and a second input of the coupling detection circuit;
A second resistor having one end connected in series with the other end of the first resistor;
A first input coupled to the reference voltage signal from the reference voltage generator; a second input coupled to one end of the second resistor; and an output coupled to the gates of the first and second current source transistors. A multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board , further comprising an amplifier having:   2. The multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 1, wherein the second mode includes an IEEE 1394 protocol mode or a USB protocol mode. The controller generates a mode detection sample signal;
The mode detection circuit receives the mode detection sample signal a plurality of consecutive times at a defined interval in response to sensing the connection between at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device. 2. The multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit substrate according to claim 1, wherein the mode selection signal is activated.   The multimode integration on the integrated circuit board of claim 1, wherein the mode detection circuit detects an electrical characteristic of an external device connected to at least one of the plurality of input / output pads. Circuit device.   5. The integrated circuit according to claim 4, wherein the mode detection circuit activates the mode selection signal in response to an electrical characteristic having a detection level between a first predetermined level and a second predetermined level. A multimode integrated circuit device on a substrate. 6. The multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit substrate according to claim 5, wherein the electrical characteristic includes the first predetermined level voltage component and the second predetermined level voltage component.   7. The integrated circuit board of claim 6, wherein the mode detection circuit includes an active mode and a power saving mode for detecting connection between at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device. Multimode integrated circuit device above.   8. The multi-mode integration on an integrated circuit board of claim 7, wherein in the power saving mode, the mode detection circuit is separated from the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads. Circuit device.   The multi-chip on an integrated circuit board according to claim 6, wherein the controller separates the mode detection circuit from the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads in the second mode. Mode integrated circuit device. The mode detection circuit is
A reference current generating circuit connected to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads;
The at least one of the reference current generation circuit and the second plurality of input / output pads is connected to the at least one of the reference current generation circuit and the second plurality of input / output pads. 10. The multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 9, further comprising a connection detection circuit that activates the mode selection signal in response to two signals. Before SL coupling detection circuit, the reference voltage and the reference current and the output signal from the generating circuit, and the activity the mode selection signal in response to the at least one signal of said second plurality of input / output pads The multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit substrate according to claim 10, wherein The controller generates a switching signal during the second mode;
12. The mode detection circuit of claim 11, wherein the mode detection circuit includes a switching circuit that isolates the mode detection circuit from the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads in response to the switching signal. Multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board. Before Symbol consolidated detection circuit,
When the resistance value of the external device connected to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads is larger than the resistance value of the second resistor and smaller than the sum of the resistance values of the first and second resistors. 12. The integrated circuit board according to claim 11, wherein a mode selection signal is activated in response to the voltage of the first input of the connection detection circuit and the voltage of the second input of the connection detection circuit. Multimode integrated circuit device. The controller generates a mode detection sample signal;
The mode detection circuit receives the mode detection sample signal a plurality of consecutive times at a defined interval in response to detection of connection between the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device. 14. The multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 13, wherein the mode selection signal is activated.   The mode detection circuit receives the mode detection sample signal as a clock signal, and after detecting connection of the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device, a plurality of consecutive times at a defined interval. 15. The multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board of claim 14, further comprising a shift register circuit that activates the mode selection signal when the mode detection sample signal is input.   14. The multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 13, wherein the second mode includes a USB protocol mode. A system bus coupled to the controller;
An ISO interface circuit connected to the system bus;
A second mode interface circuit coupled to the system bus;
The multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 13 , further comprising a memory connected to the system bus. The memory is
A RAM coupled to the system bus;
An NVM connected to the system bus;
The multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 17 , further comprising a ROM connected to the system bus.   A smart card system comprising the multimode integrated circuit device according to claim 1 and a USB adapter module. A controller operating in a first mode suitable for ISO 7816 of the ISO protocol and a second mode different from ISO 7816 in response to a mode selection signal;
A first plurality of input / output pads associated with operation in the first mode;
A second plurality of input / output pads associated with operation in the second mode;
A voltage level of an external device connected to at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and connected to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads; A mode detection circuit for activating the mode selection signal to select the second mode in response to a voltage level being detected between a first predetermined level and a second predetermined level;
The mode detection circuit is
Coupled to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads;
A reference current corresponding to a reference voltage and configured to supply the reference current to the combined input / output pad;
The reference current generation circuit and the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads are connected to each other.
A connection detection circuit for activating the mode selection signal in response to sequential detection of an output signal output when the reference current is discharged through the combined input / output pad;
A reference voltage generating circuit for outputting a reference voltage to the connection detection circuit;
The reference current generation circuit includes:
First and second current source transistors having current mirror characteristics;
The second current source transistor has a first input of the connection detection circuit and an output connected to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads;
A first resistor having one end having an output coupled to an output of the first current source transistor and a second input of the coupling detection circuit;
A second resistor having one end connected in series with the other end of the first resistor;
A first input coupled to the reference voltage signal from the reference voltage generator; a second input coupled to one end of the second resistor; and an output coupled to the gates of the first and second current source transistors. multi-mode integrated circuit device on the integrated circuit board, characterized in further including Mukoto an amplifier having. The multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 20 , wherein the second mode includes a USB mode. The controller is further configured to operate in a third mode suitable for the IEEE 1394 protocol in response to the mode selection signal;
The mode detection circuit generates a first value of the mode selection signal in response to detecting the connection between the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and a USB device, and the second plurality of input / output pads. 22. The integration of claim 21 , wherein the second value of the mode selection signal is generated in response to connection detection of an input / output pad different from the at least one of the pads and an IEEE 1394 device. A multi-mode integrated circuit device on a circuit board. A controller that operates in a first mode suitable for ISO 7816 of the ISO protocol and a second mode different from ISO 7816 in response to a mode selection signal and generates a mode detection sample signal;
A first plurality of input / output pads associated with operation in the first mode;
A second plurality of input / output pads associated with operation in the second mode;
The first plurality of input / output pads or the first one connected to at least one of the first or second plurality of input / output pads and a plurality of consecutive times at intervals defined by the mode detection sample signal. Detecting a connection between at least one of the plurality of input / output pads and an external device, and detecting at least one of the first plurality of input / output pads or the second plurality of input / output pads. A mode detection circuit for driving the mode selection signal to select the first mode or the second mode in response to the at least one and a plurality of continuous connection detections of the external device;
The mode detection circuit is
Coupled to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads;
A reference current corresponding to a reference voltage and configured to supply the reference current to the combined input / output pad;
The reference current generation circuit and the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads are connected to each other.
A connection detection circuit for activating the mode selection signal in response to sequential detection of an output signal output when the reference current is discharged through the combined input / output pad ;
A reference voltage generating circuit for outputting a reference voltage to the connection detection circuit;
The reference current generation circuit includes:
First and second current source transistors having current mirror characteristics;
The second current source transistor has a first input of the connection detection circuit and an output connected to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads;
A first resistor having one end having an output coupled to an output of the first current source transistor and a second input of the coupling detection circuit;
A second resistor having one end connected in series with the other end of the first resistor;
A first input coupled to the reference voltage signal from the reference voltage generator; a second input coupled to one end of the second resistor; and an output coupled to the gates of the first and second current source transistors. A multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board , further comprising an amplifier having: The multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 23 , wherein the second mode includes an IEEE 1394 protocol mode or a USB protocol mode. The mode detection circuit is configured to detect an electrical characteristic of an external device connected to the at least one of the first plurality of input / output pads or the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads. And detecting a connection between the at least one of the first plurality of input / output pads or the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device. Item 25. A multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit substrate according to Item 24 . 26. The integrated circuit of claim 25 , wherein the mode detection circuit activates the mode selection signal in response to an electrical characteristic having a detection level between a first predetermined level and a second predetermined level. A multi-mode integrated circuit device on a circuit board. 27. The multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 26 , wherein the electrical characteristics include the first predetermined level voltage component and the second predetermined level voltage component. 28. The multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit substrate of claim 27 , wherein the controller separates the mode detection circuit from the second plurality of input / output pads in the second mode. The mode detection circuit is
A reference current generating circuit coupled to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads;
The reference current generating circuit and the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads are connected to the at least one of the output signal from the reference current generating circuit and the second plurality of input / output pads. 29. The multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit substrate including the connection detection circuit according to claim 28 , further comprising a connection detection circuit that activates the mode selection signal in response to a signal. Before SL coupling detection circuit the reference voltage, said reference current and the output signal from the generating circuit, and said second plurality of input / said at least one active said mode selection signal in response to the signal of the output pads 30. The multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit substrate according to claim 29 . The controller generates a switching signal in the second mode;
31. The multi circuit on an integrated circuit substrate of claim 30 , wherein the mode detection circuit includes a switching circuit that isolates the mode detection circuit from the second plurality of input / output pads in response to the switching signal. Mode integrated circuit device. The mode detection circuit receives the mode detection sample signal as a clock signal, and after detecting the connection between the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and an external device, the mode detection circuit performs the mode a plurality of times at a defined interval. 32. The multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 31 , further comprising a shift register circuit that activates the mode selection signal when a detection sample signal is input. A system bus coupled to the controller;
An ISO interface circuit connected to the system bus;
A second mode interface circuit coupled to the system bus;
32. The multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit substrate of claim 31 , further comprising a memory connected to the system bus. The multi-mode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit board according to claim 33 , wherein the second mode includes a USB mode. The controller is further configured to operate in a third mode suitable for the IEEE 1394 protocol in response to the mode detection signal;
The mode detection signal generates the mode selection signal having a first value in response to detecting the connection between the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads and a USB external device, and the second plurality of input / output pads. wherein at least one of the output pads, and a different input / output pads and, according to claim 34, characterized in that for generating said mode selection signal of the second value in response to the connection detection of the IEEE1394 device A multimode integrated circuit device on an integrated circuit substrate. 25. A smart card system comprising the multi-mode integrated circuit device according to claim 24 and a USB adapter module. In an operation mode selection method for a multimode integrated circuit smart card device configured to operate in a first mode suitable for ISO standard ISO7816 and a second mode different from ISO7816,
Detecting whether an external device is connected to an input / output pad of the device associated with the second mode;
Activating a mode selection signal in response to an external device being connected to an input / output pad of the device associated with the second mode;
Operating the device in the second mode in response to activation of the mode selection signal; and
The mode selection signal is activated in response to sequential detection of an output signal output when detecting that an external device is connected to the input / output pad of the device related to the second mode ,
The step of detecting whether or not the connection is performed is performed by a connection detection circuit,
A reference current generation circuit connected to the connection detection circuit; and a reference voltage generation circuit that outputs a reference voltage to the reference current generation circuit.
The reference current generation circuit includes:
First and second current source transistors having current mirror characteristics;
The second current source transistor has a first input of the connection detection circuit and an output connected to the at least one of the second plurality of input / output pads;
A first resistor having one end having an output coupled to an output of the first current source transistor and a second input of the coupling detection circuit;
A second resistor having one end connected in series with the other end of the first resistor;
A first input coupled to the reference voltage signal from the reference voltage generator; a second input coupled to one end of the second resistor; and an output coupled to the gates of the first and second current source transistors. An operation mode selection method , further comprising: an amplifier having : 38. The operation mode selection method of claim 37 , further comprising operating the device in the first mode when the mode selection signal is deactivated.

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