JP4525331B2 - Microwave power transmission system for vehicle and microwave power transmission device for vehicle - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vehicle microwave power transmission system that supplies electric energy from an external facility such as a road surface facility to a moving body such as a vehicle via a microwave, and a vehicle microwave power transmission device that is a vehicle side device.

There has been proposed a system that supplies electric energy to a moving body by transmitting microwaves or the like to the moving body such as a vehicle from an external facility such as a road surface facility or an artificial satellite provided along the road. An example of such a system that efficiently uses electric energy is a vehicle energy supply system disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this system, when surplus power is generated in the power generation by the motor generator of the vehicle, the electric energy of the surplus power is converted into microwave by the microwave generator on the vehicle side, and the converted microwave is transmitted via the microwave transmission antenna. The vehicle is transmitted from the vehicle to the road surface equipment and supplied to, for example, a street lamp as the road surface equipment.
JP 2004-224219 A

  However, such a system that “regenerates surplus power to supply to streetlights and energy-utilizing equipment” exchanges electrical energy between the road surface equipment and the vehicle, and considers power transmission loss. Then, it is hard to say that electric power is used sufficiently effectively. In particular, in the configuration in which power is returned from the vehicle to the road surface equipment by microwaves, microwave transmission that lowers the power use efficiency is further repeated, and it is difficult to consider that the quantitative aspect of electric energy is effective.

  Moreover, in such a system, in addition to road surface facilities such as street lamps and energy utilization facilities, a device for converting surplus power into microwaves or a device for transmitting microwaves is required to send surplus power to the vehicle side. It becomes. Further, on the road surface side, facilities such as a rectenna for receiving the microwave transmitted from the vehicle side and converting it into electric power are required. Therefore, the scale of the system (equipment, infrastructure) becomes large, and the control system for controlling such a large-scale system also has a large-scale and complicated configuration. Since these points are obstacles to realizing such a system, improvement is desired.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object thereof is a microwave power transmission system for a vehicle that can use electric energy more effectively with a smaller and simpler system and control system, and An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle microwave power transmission device as the vehicle side device.

To achieve the above object, a vehicle microwave power transmission system and a vehicle microwave power transmission device according to the present invention are a series of a plurality of power transmission antennas laid on a road surface on which a vehicle travels, and The amount of power transmitted to the vehicle device is controlled by turning on / off each of the plurality of power transmission antennas based on the power transmission antenna that outputs a predetermined microwave at the same time and the appropriate power storage amount set by the appropriate power storage amount setting means. Power transmission amount control means for controlling the power transmission amount control means, the power transmission amount control means, by the on / off control, a part of the plurality of power transmission antennas laid on the road surface in a range facing the bottom surface of the vehicle In the case of controlling off, the power transmission antennas are sequentially controlled to be turned off sequentially from a position close to the periphery of the range facing the bottom surface of the vehicle.

  In the vehicle microwave power transmission system having such a configuration, an appropriate power storage amount is set in advance for power storage means mounted on the vehicle side. The appropriate amount of power storage is, for example, road conditions (up / down slope) and altitude in addition to vehicle information such as torque command of driving means (including information indicating power running / regeneration), power storage amount SOC (State Of Charge), etc. It is calculated taking into account road information such as For example, when the power required by the vehicle is lower than the total power that can be received by the rectenna (power receiving element) or the like set in the vehicle from moment to moment, the road surface corresponding to the power receiving surface of the vehicle-side rectenna element The transmission power from the power transmission antenna on the side is reduced step by step according to the power lowering degree. As a result, only the minimum necessary power is transmitted from the road surface to the vehicle by microwaves, so that the power efficiency is the best.

  In addition, the appropriate amount of power storage is determined in consideration of the premise that “there is no surplus power exceeding the power storage capacity of the on-board power storage mechanism, even if there is an assumed maximum regenerative input. Therefore, for example, there is no need to set a streetlight or an energy utilization facility outside the vehicle, and there is no need for a unit for converting surplus power into microwaves or a mechanism for transmitting it as microwaves on the road surface. Necessary hardware on the road side is reduced, and the system can be simplified at the same time.

  Further, in the vehicle microwave power transmission system of the present invention, when the power required for the power receiving capability of the rectenna or the like on the vehicle side is lower than the power transmitted from the road surface, this is turned on / off of the power transmission antenna. Control only off. Moreover, it turns off in steps from the power transmission antenna corresponding to the vehicle end side. Therefore, the power transmission antenna can be controlled only by simple on / off. In addition, since the power transmission antenna on the road surface side is turned off from the end in the vehicle width direction, not only passengers in the vehicle but also people outside the vehicle, such as pedestrians, have safety against leakage waves due to microwave diffraction. Can be improved.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the microwave transmission system for vehicles and the microwave transmission device for vehicles which can use an electrical energy more effectively with a smaller and simple system and control system can be provided.

A microwave power transmission system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration and usage of a microwave power transmission system 1 for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1 (A) is a diagram seen from above, and FIG. It is the figure seen from the side.

First, the structure of the microwave transmission system 1 for electric vehicles is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 1, the microwave transmission system 1 for an electric vehicle includes a road-side microwave transmission antenna facility 10 and a vehicle-side facility (vehicle microwave power receiving device) 20.

  The road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 includes an infrastructure power line 11, a microwave generation unit 12, a microwave power transmission antenna group 13, a transceiver 14, and a microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15.

  The infrastructure power supply line 11 is a power system that is laid along the road surface, for example, and supplies power to the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 provided along the road surface.

  Based on the control signal from the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15, the microwave generation unit 12 converts the electrical energy supplied from the infrastructure power supply line 11 into a microwave generation signal, and the microwave power transmission antenna group 13 receives a desired signal. Applied to the microwave power transmission antenna 131. A microwave is emitted from each microwave power transmission antenna 131 based on the microwave generation signal applied by the microwave generation unit 12.

Therefore, the microwave generation unit 12 is configured so that the microwave is properly received by the rectenna 21 installed at the lower part of the vehicle body 2 traveling on the road surface, that is, from the microwave power transmission antenna 131 at the traveling position of the vehicle 2. A microwave generation signal is selectively output to a desired microwave transmission antenna 131 in the microwave transmission antenna group 13 so that the microwave is emitted. In addition, the microwave generation unit 12 selectively enables a desired number of microwave power transmission antennas 131 so that the required desired power is supplied to the vehicle 2.
These control methods of the microwave power transmission antenna group 13 by the microwave generation unit 12 are control methods according to the present invention, which will be described in detail later.

  In addition, the microwave generation unit 12, and a transmitter / receiver 14 and a microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 described later are sequentially laid at predetermined intervals on the road surface on which the vehicle 2 travels, as shown in FIG. Yes.

  The microwave power transmitting antenna group 13 is a series of a plurality of microwave power transmitting antennas 131 laid on the road surface in a predetermined arrangement as shown in FIG. Each microwave power transmission antenna 131 emits microwaves above the road surface based on the microwave generation signal applied from the microwave generation unit 12. As described above, each microwave power transmission antenna 131 irradiates microwaves toward the rectenna 21 installed at the lower part of the vehicle body of the vehicle 2 when the vehicle 2 traveling on the road surface passes above the microwave power transmission antenna 131. Thus, the microwave generation unit 12 is selectively controlled.

  The transceiver 14 is a means for communicating with the transceiver 26 of the vehicle 2 traveling on the road surface. Via this transmitter / receiver 14 and a transmitter / receiver 26 of the vehicle 2 to be described later, the vehicle information and road information (road surface information) of the vehicle 2 are mutually exchanged between the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 and the vehicle side facility 20. Transmission / reception is performed.

The microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 controls the microwave generation unit 12 so that power is transmitted from the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 to the vehicle 2 with a desired power transmission amount.
In the microwave power transmission system 1 for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment, the process of determining the amount of power transmitted from the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 to the vehicle 2 according to the present invention is performed by the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 or This is performed by the control circuit on the vehicle 2 side or in a distributed manner. In the present embodiment, the process for determining the amount of power transmission is performed by the vehicle-side equipment 20 of the vehicle 2. Therefore, the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 receives information on the amount of power transmission determined in the vehicle-side equipment 20 of the vehicle 2 via the transceiver 26 and the transceiver 14, and based on this information, the microwave generation unit 12 is controlled.

When the process for determining the amount of power transmission is performed on the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 side, the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 performs the process.
In that case, the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 is configured to store various information about the vehicle 2 transmitted / received to / from the vehicle 2 via the transceiver 14 and the road surface set and stored in the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 in advance. The amount of electric power to be supplied to the vehicle 2 is determined based on various information regarding Then, the microwave generation unit 12 is controlled so that the determined power is actually supplied to the vehicle 2. In the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15, power to be supplied is determined so that power is not excessive in the vehicle 2, that is, is not wasted.
Further, when the process of determining the amount of power transmission is performed in a distributed manner in the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 and the vehicle side facility 20 of the vehicle 2, the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15, for example, The above-described processing is performed in cooperation with the vehicle-side facility control circuit 27.

The vehicle-side facility 20 includes a rectenna 21, a power storage mechanism 22, a motor generator 23, a DC / DC converter 24, a vehicle electrical system capacitor 25, a transceiver 26, and a vehicle-side facility control circuit 27.
The vehicle-side equipment 20 is provided for each vehicle that is applied to the microwave transmission system 1 for an electric vehicle (uses a power supply service by the microwave transmission system 1 for an electric vehicle).

The rectenna 21 is a circuit that is provided at the lower part of the vehicle 2 and receives a microwave transmitted from the road surface and extracts electric power (converts it into electric energy).
The rectenna 21 includes a microwave power receiving antenna and a rectifier circuit. The microwave power receiving antenna receives the microwaves transmitted from the microwave power transmitting antenna group 13 set on the road surface side. The rectifier circuit includes a plurality of input / output filters and rectifier diodes, and extracts DC power from the microwaves received by the power receiving antenna.
The electric power generated by being converted by the rectenna 21 is supplied to the power storage mechanism 22. Further, it is supplied to the motor generator 23 as needed.

The power storage mechanism 22 is a battery that stores electrical energy for driving the vehicle 2.
Electric power supplied in the form of microwaves from the road surface side equipment 10 is supplied from the rectenna 21 to the power storage mechanism 22. Further, when the motor generator 23 is regeneratively driven, electric power generated by the motor generator 23 is supplied by the regenerative drive.
Further, the electric power stored in the power storage mechanism 22 is output to the motor generator 23 as electric power for driving the motor generator 23 (powering drive). Further, it is supplied to the vehicle electrical system battery 25 via the DC / DC converter 24 as necessary.

  The motor generator 23 is driven by the electric power supplied from the power storage mechanism 22 or the motor generator 23 to rotationally drive the driving wheels of the vehicle 2 to cause the vehicle 2 to travel. When the vehicle 2 is traveling regeneratively, the vehicle 2 is regeneratively driven by the rotation of the wheels to generate power, and the generated power is supplied to the power storage mechanism 22.

  The DC / DC converter 24 is a converter that converts the output voltage of the power storage mechanism 22 and the input voltage of the vehicle electrical system storage battery 25.

  The vehicle electrical system capacitor 25 is a storage battery for supplying electric power to vehicle electrical components such as an air conditioner, a light, a navigation device, and a car audio of the vehicle 2. The electric storage device 25 for vehicle electrical system uses the electric power stored in the electric storage mechanism 22 as DC according to necessity, that is, depending on the power consumption state in the vehicle 2 (use / non-use of an air conditioner, light, etc.). / Voltage converted by the DC converter 24 and supplied.

The transceiver 26 is a means for communicating with the transceiver 14 of the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10.
For example, the transmitter / receiver 26 transmits information necessary for microwave power transmission on the road surface side and the vehicle side to the transceiver 14 of the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10. Specifically, the position, the vehicle speed, and the rectenna area of the vehicle 2 that are necessary for operating the microwave power transmission antenna 131 at the position where the vehicle 2 passes and appropriately receiving the microwave by the rectenna 21 of the vehicle 2. Send information about etc. Further, the torque command value of the motor generator 23 necessary for determining the amount of electric energy supplied from the road surface side microwave transmission antenna equipment 10 (including information indicating whether the motor generator 23 is power running drive or regenerative drive). And information on the amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage mechanism 22 is transmitted.

  Moreover, the transmitter / receiver 26 receives, for example, information related to the traveling road surface of the vehicle 2 set in advance on the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 from the transmitter / receiver 14 of the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10. Specifically, the information regarding the up / down slope of the road, the information about the altitude, and the like are received.

  The vehicle-side facility control circuit 27 controls each part of the vehicle-side facility 20 so that the vehicle-side facility 20 performs a desired operation. In the present embodiment, in particular, the vehicle-side facility control circuit 27 is configured so that an appropriate amount of electrical energy is supplied from the road-side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 so that a shortage or surplus state does not occur in the vehicle 2. The process which controls the electric power supplied to the vehicle side equipment 20 of the vehicle 2 from the wave power transmission antenna equipment 10 is performed. This control process in the vehicle-side equipment control circuit 27 will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. 2 as an explanation of the operation in the microwave power transmission system 1 for an electric vehicle.

Next, a method for controlling power supply to the vehicle 2 in the microwave power transmission system 1 for an electric vehicle having such a configuration will be described with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG.
If the control process described below is performed, the microwave is finally supplied from the microwave generation unit 12 of the road-side microwave transmission antenna facility 10 to the vehicle 2 through the microwave transmission antenna group 13 in the form of microwaves. The amount of power being controlled is controlled. However, this control processing may be performed on the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 side (for example, in the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15) or on the vehicle 2 side (for example, the vehicle side facility control circuit 27 of the vehicle 2). You can go there. Further, these may cooperate to perform a series of such processes. In any case, the information of the finally determined control operation and control amount is notified to the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 of the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10, and as a result, the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit. The microwave generation unit 12 is controlled by 15.
Here, the following processing is performed by the vehicle-side facility control circuit 27 of the vehicle 2. That is, the following processing is performed in the vehicle-side facility control circuit 27 of the vehicle-side facility 20 of the vehicle 2 in order to control power supply to the host vehicle.

  First, desired information necessary for controlling power supply, that is, vehicle information and road information is read (step S1). From the inside of the vehicle 2, the vehicle-side equipment control circuit 27 sends the vehicle 2 vehicle speed, the torque command value in the motor generator 23 indicating power running / regeneration, the amount of charge SOC (State Of Charge) of the power storage mechanism 22, the area of the rectenna 21 and the maximum Reads information such as the power that can be received and the driving style of the driver (acceleration / deceleration rate, etc.) In addition, road up / down gradient information and information such as altitude are read from the road surface microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 via the transmitter / receiver 26 of the vehicle 2 and the transmitter / receiver 14 of the road surface microwave power transmission antenna facility 10. .

Next, based on each piece of information read in step S1, an appropriate charged amount SOC_P of the vehicle at every moment is calculated (step S2). The appropriate storage amount SOC_P is calculated by taking into account the road conditions during travel in addition to the vehicle state at that time.
For example, when it is predicted that the scene in which the regenerative brake is operated intermittently on a downhill with a long driving road surface of the vehicle 2 will continue, the appropriate storage amount SOC_P is set to a low value in advance. As a result, it is possible to reserve in the power storage mechanism 22 a sufficient margin for storing electric energy obtained by using the regenerative brake on the coming downhill, and effectively use the electric energy generated by the regenerative brake. can do.
On the other hand, when it is expected that the uphill will continue intermittently as a future road surface of the vehicle 2 such as over the ridge, the appropriate storage amount SOC_P is set higher. Thereby, the backup system with respect to the electric power supply from the road surface side can be strengthened.

  Next, the required vehicle power Wn at the present time is calculated based on the information read in step S1 as in step S2 (step S3).

Next, the storage amount SOC of the storage mechanism 22 of the vehicle 2 read in step S1 is compared with the appropriate storage amount SOC_P calculated in step S2 (step S4).
As a result, if the storage amount SOC is less than the appropriate storage amount SOC_P, it is determined that the power storage mechanism 22 still has a margin (the power storage mechanism 22 can be further charged), and the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 transmits the vehicle. 2 is sufficiently transmitted (step S5). Specifically, the vehicle side equipment control circuit 27 of the vehicle 2 is notified to the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 of the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna equipment 10 via the transceiver 26 and the transceiver 14, and the micro The wave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 is the maximum output that can be received by the rectenna 21 of the vehicle 2 or the maximum output that can be transmitted by the microwave power transmission antenna group 13, for example, fully operating the microwave power transmission antenna group 13. The microwave generation unit 12 is controlled so as to supply electric power to the vehicle 2.

In step S4, if the charged amount SOC is equal to or greater than the appropriate charged amount SOC_P, it is determined that the amount of electrical energy stored in the vehicle 2 is appropriate.
Then, it is next detected whether or not the motor generator 23 is being regenerated (step S41), and if it is being regenerated, there is no electric energy consumed by driving the vehicle. No power is transmitted from the vehicle 10 to the vehicle 2 (step S42). Specifically, the vehicle side equipment control circuit 27 of the vehicle 2 is notified to the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 of the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna equipment 10 via the transceiver 26 and the transceiver 14, and the micro The microwave transmission antenna control circuit 15 controls the microwave generation unit 12 so that the microwave transmission antenna group 13 is completely stopped.

  In step S41, if regeneration is not in progress, first, power storage mechanism output possible power Ws_max is calculated (step S411). The power storage mechanism output possible power Ws_max mainly depends on the power storage amount SOC of the power storage mechanism 22 at that time. For example, when a nickel metal hydride battery or a lithium ion battery is used as the power storage mechanism, The integrated charge / discharge amount and the degree of deterioration due to charge / discharge are also determined in consideration. Therefore, even if the storage amount SOC has a reasonable value, the power storage mechanism output possible power Ws_max = 0 may be obtained.

Next, the power storage mechanism output possible power Ws_max calculated in step S411 is compared with the required vehicle power Wn calculated in step S3 (step S412).
As a result, when the power storage mechanism output possible power Ws_max exceeds the vehicle required power Wn, it is determined that the electrical energy is sufficiently stored in the power storage mechanism in the vehicle, and that the vehicle can be run using this. Power is not transmitted from the wave power transmission antenna facility 10 to the vehicle 2 (step S42). Specifically, the vehicle side equipment control circuit 27 of the vehicle 2 is notified to the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 of the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna equipment 10 via the transceiver 26 and the transceiver 14, and the micro The microwave transmission antenna control circuit 15 controls the microwave generation unit 12 so that the microwave transmission antenna group 13 is completely stopped. As a result, the vehicle 2 travels with the electric energy accumulated in the power storage mechanism 22 (S413).

Further, in step S412, when the power storage mechanism output possible power Ws_max is equal to or less than the vehicle required power Wn (when the electric energy in the vehicle has a margin but is not sufficient to cover the traveling), the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 Power is transmitted from the vehicle 2 to the vehicle 2 (steps S4121, S4122 and S42111).
In that case, first, the difference (Wn−Ws_max) between the required vehicle power Wn, which is the power required for vehicle travel, and the power storage mechanism output possible power Ws_max is compared with the maximum receivable power Wr_max of the rectenna 21 (step S4121). ) If the maximum receivable power Wr_max of the rectenna 21 is larger, the difference (Wn−Ws_max) between the vehicle required power Wn and the power storage mechanism output possible power Ws_max from the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 to the vehicle 2 Power is transmitted by a corresponding amount of power (step S4122).

In Step S4112, when the maximum receivable power Wr_max of the rectenna 21 is equal to or less than the difference between the vehicle required power Wn and the power storage mechanism output possible power Ws_max (Wn−Ws_max), the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 to the vehicle 2. On the other hand, power transmission is performed with the amount of power corresponding to the maximum receivable power Wr_max of the rectenna 21 (step S42111).
In both cases of steps S4122 and S4211, the transmission from the vehicle-side facility control circuit 27 of the vehicle 2 to the microwave transmission antenna control circuit 15 of the road-side microwave transmission antenna facility 10 via the transceiver 26 and the transceiver 14 is performed. A notification regarding the amount of electric power is given. As a result, the microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 15 controls the microwave generation unit 12 to transmit the notified power transmission amount among the plurality of microwave power transmission antennas 131 of the microwave power transmission antenna group 13. A microwave generation signal is selectively applied from the microwave generation unit 12 to the wave transmission antenna 131. As a result, power is transmitted from the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 to the vehicle 2 with the desired power transmission amount.

  Next, in the microwave transmission system 1 for an electric vehicle having such a configuration and operation, a method for adjusting the actual transmission power from the road-side microwave transmission antenna facility 10 to the vehicle 2, which is a road-side microwave transmission antenna A method for controlling the microwave transmission antenna group 13 by the microwave generation unit 12 of the facility 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

The amount of electric power transmitted from the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 to the vehicle 2 (vehicle side facility 20) is controlled by the number of microwave power transmission antennas 131 that transmit microwaves. That is, each microwave power transmission antenna 131 determines the number of microwave power transmission antennas 131 that emit microwaves based on a desired amount of power transmission, and sets the number of microwave power transmission antennas 131 as antennas for microwave emission. Then, a microwave generation signal having a predetermined amplitude and wavelength is applied to the selected microwave transmission antenna 131.
Therefore, in each microwave power transmission antenna 131, a signal is simply applied from the microwave generation unit 12 to emit a microwave, or no signal is applied and nothing is emitted, that is, ON (ON). Or off (OFF). By adopting such a control method, each of a large number of microwave power transmission antennas 131 can be controlled by a relatively simple system system.

  In addition, when a predetermined number of microwave power transmission antennas 131 corresponding to a desired power transmission amount are turned on based on such a control method, the microwave generation unit 12 is placed at the periphery (end) of the vehicle 2. The antennas that do not emit microwaves (antennas that are controlled to be turned off) are sequentially arranged from the arranged microwave power transmission antenna 131. In other words, the microwave generation unit 12 is selected as an effective antenna (antenna to be turned on) that actually emits microwaves in order from the microwave power transmission antenna 131 arranged inside the vehicle 2.

A method for selecting an antenna for emitting microwaves will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
For example, it is assumed that the vehicle 2 traveling on the road surface on which the microwave power transmission antenna group 13 is laid as shown in FIG. In such a case, when the microwave generation unit 12 of the road surface side microwave transmission antenna facility 10 (see FIG. 1) selects the microwave transmission antenna 131 that transmits microwaves to the vehicle 2, first the microwave generation unit 12 shows a plurality of microwave power transmission antennas 131 (in FIG. 3, microwave power transmission antennas 131 included in the range of the vehicle 2) arranged in a region facing the rectenna 21 (see FIG. 1) at the bottom of the vehicle 2. Grouping is performed according to the distance from the periphery of the vehicle 2.

  In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, for example, antennas that are painted with the same pattern are antennas of the same group. Therefore, the microwave power transmission antenna 131 included in the range of the vehicle 2 is a group antenna painted in the same pattern as the microwave power transmission antenna 135, a group antenna painted in the same pattern as the microwave power transmission antenna 134, And it is divided into three groups of antennas of the group painted with the same pattern as the microwave power transmission antenna 133, and the center microwave power transmission antenna 132.

The microwave generation unit 12 assigns each group a priority order for selection such that the priority level is higher in the group closer to the center of the vehicle 2 and the priority level is lower in the group near the periphery of the vehicle 2. Keep it.
When a part of the microwave power transmission antennas 131 is selected as the effective microwave power transmission antenna 131 from the microwave power transmission antennas 131 included in the range of the vehicle 2 according to the desired transmission power, the microwave generation unit 12 Are selected in order from the microwave power transmission antenna 131 of the group with high priority close to the center of the vehicle 2. Within the same group, a desired number of microwave transmission antennas 131 are selected as effective microwave transmission antennas 131 by an arbitrary method.

  Specifically, for example, when the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 supplies power to the vehicle 2 with the maximum power, all the microwave power transmission antennas 131 included in the range of the vehicle 2 are selected. With reference to this, for example, when the required supply power is reduced, the order of the group of antenna 135 → the group of antenna 134 → the group of antenna 133 shown in FIG. Then, the microwave power transmitting antennas 131 of each group are sequentially stopped from the peripheral part (edge) side of the vehicle 2 toward the central part side. And when stopping all before, the microwave power transmission antenna 132 located in the center of the vehicle 2 is also stopped.

  By such a method, by selecting the microwave power transmission antenna 131 that actually emits microwaves, that is, by preferentially stopping from the power transmission antenna corresponding to the edge side of the vehicle 2. The leakage wave caused by the diffracted wave at the vehicle edge is reduced. Moreover, the safety of people outside the vehicle such as pedestrians as well as users of the vehicle is improved.

As described above, in the microwave power transmission system 1 for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment, the vehicle speed of the vehicle 2, the torque command value in the motor generator 23, the storage amount SOC (State Of Charge) of the power storage mechanism 22, the rectenna 21 Various information regarding the road surface on which the vehicle 2 and the vehicle 2 travel, such as the area and maximum power that can be received Wr_max, the driving style of the driver (acceleration / deceleration degree, etc.), road up / down slope information and altitude information, etc. Detecting and calculating, for example, an appropriate storage amount SOC_P, vehicle required power Wn, power storage mechanism output possible power Ws_max, etc., and then supplying only the power required for the vehicle 2 from the road-side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 to the vehicle 2 Like to do.
Accordingly, the power storage mechanism 22 of the vehicle 2 always stores necessary and sufficient power within the range of the power storage capacity of the power storage mechanism 22. As a result, it is possible to prevent the electric power from being surplus in the vehicle 2, and the electric power can be used effectively.

In addition, since the power storage mechanism 22 of the vehicle 2 is prevented from being in a surplus state, it is not necessary to transmit (return) the surplus power from the vehicle 2 to the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna facility 10 side. As a result, for example, the power transmission equipment on the vehicle 2 side and the power receiving equipment such as the rectenna 21 on the road surface side microwave power transmission antenna equipment 10 provided in the conventional similar system become unnecessary, and the microwave power transmission for the electric vehicle is performed. The configuration of the entire system 1 and the configuration of its control system can be simplified.
Further, in the microwave power transmission system 1 for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment, the control of many microwave power transmission antennas 131 is controlled by a relatively simple system system including only on / off control. Therefore, the configuration of the control unit for adjusting the transmission power can be simplified on a small scale.

Moreover, in the microwave power transmission system 1 for such an electric vehicle, the power transmitted in the form of microwaves is configured to be as small as possible. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in power usage efficiency due to transmission loss, and to reduce the influence of microwaves on passengers and passers-by inside and outside the vehicle, thereby ensuring the safety of people such as passengers. be able to.
In addition, when adjusting the microwave to be transmitted, transmission from the power transmission antenna corresponding to the edge side of the vehicle 2 is preferentially stopped, so in this respect as well, the vehicle user using the microwave The impact on people and pedestrians can be reduced, and the safety of people around them can be improved.

  In addition, this embodiment is described in order to make an understanding of this invention easy, and does not limit this invention at all. Each element disclosed in the present embodiment includes all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention, and various suitable modifications can be made.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration and usage of a microwave power transmission system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a process for controlling power supply from the road-side microwave power transmission antenna facility to the vehicle in the microwave power transmission system for the electric vehicle shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a method for selecting a power transmission w microwave transmission antenna from the road-side microwave transmission antenna equipment to the vehicle in the microwave transmission system for an electric vehicle shown in FIG. 1.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Microwave power transmission system for electric vehicles 10 ... Road surface side microwave power transmission antenna equipment 11 ... Infrastructure power supply line 12 ... Microwave generation unit 13 ... Microwave power transmission antenna group
131 to 135: microwave power transmission antenna 14: road surface side transmitter / receiver 15 ... microwave power transmission antenna control circuit 20: vehicle side equipment (vehicle microwave power receiving device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Rectenna 22 ... Power storage mechanism 23 ... Motor generator 24 ... DC / DC converter 25 ... Electric storage system battery 26 ... Vehicle side transceiver 27 ... Vehicle side equipment control circuit 2 ... Vehicle

Claims (6)

A receiving unit configured to receive microwaves at a bottom surface of the vehicle facing a road surface on which the vehicle travels; a receiving unit configured to receive power transmitted through the microwave; and a vehicle configured to store the received power. And a power storage means for storing electric power generated when the drive means is regeneratively driven, and a vehicle apparatus mounted on the vehicle,
Power transmission that has a series of a plurality of power transmission antennas laid on the road surface on which the vehicle travels, outputs predetermined microwaves simultaneously to the receiving means, and transmits power to the vehicle device via the microwaves Equipment,
Based on vehicle information that is desired information relating to the vehicle and road information that is desired information relating to a road on which the vehicle travels, it is assumed that the power stored in the power storage means by the traveling of the vehicle is not excessive or insufficient. Appropriate storage amount setting means for setting the storage amount of the storage means as the appropriate storage amount in the vehicle device;
A power transmission amount control means for controlling the power transmission amount from the power transmission device to the vehicle device by controlling on / off of each of the plurality of power transmission antennas based on the set appropriate power storage amount;
The power transmission amount control means is configured to turn off a part of the plurality of power transmission antennas laid on the road surface in a range facing the bottom surface of the vehicle by the on / off control. The vehicle microwave power transmission system is characterized in that the power transmission amount is controlled by sequentially turning off the power transmission antennas arranged at positions close to the periphery of the range opposite to. The power transmission amount control means is configured to turn on a part of the plurality of power transmission antennas laid on the road surface in a range facing the bottom surface of the vehicle by the on / off control. The vehicular microwave power transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the power transmission amount is controlled by sequentially turning on the power transmission antennas arranged at positions close to the center of the range opposite to the center. The proper storage amount setting means, before SL on the basis of the information relating to the storage amount of the storage means, according to the road information and the vehicle according to the running of the vehicle is traveling information of the vehicle, setting the proper storage amount The vehicular microwave power transmission system according to claim 1 or 2 . When the driving means is regeneratively driven during driving of the vehicle and the power is generated, the appropriate power storage amount setting means appropriately stores the power generated by the regenerative driving in the power storage means without becoming surplus power. The vehicle power transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the appropriate power storage amount is set to a power storage amount that secures an amount of power that can be stored in the power storage means. A receiving unit configured to receive microwaves at a bottom surface of the vehicle facing a road surface on which the vehicle travels; a receiving unit configured to receive power transmitted through the microwave; and a vehicle configured to store the received power. Power storage means for storing electric power generated when the drive means is regeneratively driven, vehicle information that is desired information relating to the vehicle, and desired information relating to the road on which the vehicle travels Appropriate power storage for setting the amount of power stored in the power storage means, which is estimated that the power stored in the power storage means due to travel of the vehicle, is not excessive or insufficient based on road information as information, as the appropriate power storage amount in the vehicle device A power transmission device that transmits electric power to the vehicle device mounted on the vehicle via the microwave.
A series of a plurality of power transmission antennas laid on the road surface on which the vehicle travels, and a power transmission antenna that outputs predetermined microwaves simultaneously to the receiving means;
A power transmission amount control means for controlling the power transmission amount to the vehicle device by controlling on / off of each of the plurality of power transmission antennas based on the appropriate power storage amount set by the appropriate power storage amount setting means; Prepared,
The power transmission amount control means is configured to turn off a part of the plurality of power transmission antennas laid on the road surface in a range facing the bottom surface of the vehicle by the on / off control. The vehicle microwave power transmission device is characterized in that the power transmission amount is controlled by sequentially turning off the power transmission antennas disposed at positions close to the periphery of a range facing the control unit. The power transmission amount control means is configured to turn on a part of the plurality of power transmission antennas laid on the road surface in a range facing the bottom surface of the vehicle by the on / off control. 6. The vehicle microwave power transmission device according to claim 5, wherein the power transmission amount is controlled by sequentially turning on the power transmission antennas disposed at positions close to a center of a range facing the vehicle.

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