JP4578170B2 - セロオリゴ糖発酵性ザイモバクター形質転換属微生物 - Google Patents
セロオリゴ糖発酵性ザイモバクター形質転換属微生物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4578170B2 JP4578170B2 JP2004222284A JP2004222284A JP4578170B2 JP 4578170 B2 JP4578170 B2 JP 4578170B2 JP 2004222284 A JP2004222284 A JP 2004222284A JP 2004222284 A JP2004222284 A JP 2004222284A JP 4578170 B2 JP4578170 B2 JP 4578170B2
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Description
一般に、大腸菌やPseudomonas細菌などのグラム陰性細菌には自己伝達性を有する多剤薬剤耐性プラスミドDNAの存在が報告されており、これらのプラスミドは大腸菌やPseudomonas細菌間を伝搬することが知られている。これら広宿主域性の多剤薬剤耐性プラスミド、およびこれら広宿主域性多剤薬剤耐性プラスミドの伝達性と自己複製に関する遺伝子領域を残したプラスミドは広宿主域性ベクタープラスミドとして利用されることがある(BIO/TECHNOLOGY, November, 784-791,1983)。これまで、Zymobacter palmaeのベクタープラスミドとその遺伝子導入方法については開発されていない。そこで、Zymobacter palmaeへの遺伝子導入のためのベクタープラスミドとして、グラム陰性細菌間の広宿主域性プラスミドから、Tc耐性マーカーをもつpRK290およびpMFY40とCm耐性マーカーをもつpMFY31の3種を選択した(Agric. Biol. Chem., Vol.49(9), 2719-2724, 1985)(図1)。Zymobacter palmaeへの遺伝子導入法は知られていないことから、一般的な遺伝子導入法からエレクトロポレーション法を用いた。
Ruminococcus albus由来のβ-グルコシダーゼ遺伝子は、当該菌体から調製したゲノムDNAをテンプレートとしたPCRにより増幅し、その増幅DNA断片をベクタープラスミドに挿入して組換えプラスミドを作製した。PCRに用いたβ-グルコシダーゼ遺伝子増幅のためのプライマーとしては、公知の当該遺伝子の塩基配列に基づき(Nucleic Acids Res. Vol.18, 671, 1990)、β−グルコシダーゼ遺伝子の上流域に配座するプロモーター領域も含み、その両末端に制限酵素切断部位としてSalI部位を付与するように設計した以下の2種のプライマーを用いた:
BGN primer:5’-GCGGTCGACATCAAGGTGTGATGTTGATTATACC-3’
BGC primer:5’-CGCGTCGACTCATGTTTGACAGCTTATCATCGAT-3’
PCRによりプロモーターとβ-グルコシダーゼ遺伝子を含む約3.2kbpのDNA断片を制限酵素SalIにより切断し、一方、ベクタープラスミドpMFY31をSalI切断後、アルカリフォスファターゼ処理したDNA断片と混合して、リガーゼを利用して連結させた。この組換えプラスミドを含むリガーゼ反応溶液の10μlを実施例1に記載した200μlのZymobacter palmaeコンピテント細胞と混合して、エレクトロポレーション法により形質転換した。形質転換株は、薬剤として100μg/mlのアンピシリンと20μg/mlの5-ブロモ-4-クロロ-3-インドリル-β-D-グルコピラニシド(X-glc)を添加したT平板培地上での青色のコロニーとして選択した。得られた形質転換株は、独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 特許生物寄託センターに寄託されており、その寄託番号はFERM P−19450である(これは平成16年6月30日にブタペスト条約のもとでの国際寄託に移管され受託番号FERM BP−10047が与えられた)。なお、β-グルコシダーゼ遺伝子が挿入された組換えプラスミドをpMF31-βgと称する(図2)。
実施例2で作製された組換えZymobacter palmae株内でのβ-グルコシダーゼの発現と細胞内局在性を検討した。
組換え菌Zymobacter palmae FERM P-19450(FERM BP-10047)をバイオマス部分糖化液由来のセロビオースを唯一の炭素源としたCB培地(2.0%セロビオース、1.0%酵母エキス、1.0%KH2PO4、0.2%(NH4)2SO4、0.05%MgSO4・7H2O、pH6.0)に植菌し、5日間静置培養を行い、前培養液とした。本培養は前述のCB培地を用い、本培養用CB培地に対し10%の割合で前培養液を植菌し、30℃で緩やかに攪拌培養を行った。菌体の生育度、セロビオース濃度およびエタノール濃度を経時的に測定したところ、7日間の培養でセロビオースをほぼ消費し、理論収率のエタノールを生産した(図4)。
廃木材の硫酸糖化により調製した糖液(10%グルコース、1%セロビオース)に酵母エキスを1.0%、KH2PO4を1.0%、 (NH4)2SO4を0.2%、MgSO4・7H2Oを0.05%になるようにそれぞれ添加し、pHを6.0に調整した培地を用いて連続発酵を行った。組換えZymobacter palmaeFERM P-19450(FERM BP-10047)は光硬化性樹脂ENTG-3800(関西ペイント社製)を用いて包括固定化した。連続発酵にはドラフトチューブ型バイオリアクター(流動層型)を用い、固定化担体を充填率20%でリアクターに投入した後、上記培地をリアクター下部から連続的に注入した。さらに、発酵によって生じる炭酸ガスを一旦捕集した後、リアクター下部から再度供給することで流動床を形成させた。30℃、希釈率D=0.1h-1で連続発酵を行ったところ、糖消費率99%以上かつエタノール収率95%以上で1ヶ月以上安定して連続発酵を行うことができた。
古紙由来のセルロースをセルラーゼにより酵素糖化させて調製した糖液(8%グルコース、2%セロビオース)に酵母エキスを1.0%、KH2PO4を1.0%、 (NH4)2SO4を0.2%、MgSO4・7H2Oを0.05%になるようにそれぞれ添加し、pHを6.0に調整した培地を用いて連続発酵を行った。中空円筒型(2mmφ×3mm)ポリプロピレン製担体を菌体懸濁液中に投入することにより、組換えZymobacter palmaeFERM P-19450(FERM BP-10047)の付着固定化を行った。連続発酵には固定床バイオリアクター(充填層型)を用い、固定化担体を充填率80%でリアクターに投入した後、上記培地をリアクター下部から連続的に供給した。30℃、希釈率D=0.2h-1で連続発酵を行ったところ、糖消費率99%以上かつエタノール収率95%以上で1ヶ月以上安定して連続発酵を行うことができた。
Claims (5)
- 配列番号1及び2のPCRプライマーを用いてRuminococcus albusから得られる、β−グルコシダーゼをコードするポリヌクレオチドで形質転換された、独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 特許生物寄託センターに受託番号 FERM BP−10047として寄託されているZymobacter palmae菌株。
- セロビオースを含む糖化原料を、請求項1に記載のZymobacter palmae菌株を用いて発酵させ、得られる発酵液からエタノールを回収することを特徴とするエタノールの製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載のZymobacter palmae菌株を固定化した固定化担体。
- 請求項3に記載の固定化担体を備えたバイオリアクター。
- 請求項3に記載の固定化担体を用いてセロビオースを含む糖化原料を連続的に発酵させることを特徴とするエタノールの製造方法。
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