JP4549051B2 - Machine tool axis control device, machine tool axis control program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an axis control device for a machine tool and an axis control program used therefor.

  Conventionally, as shown in Patent Document 1, the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis linear feed axes, and the axes parallel to the two linear feed axes selected from these three linear feed axes, Controls a 6-axis NC machine tool that has two rotary feed axes, A and B, that rotate around and a C axis that rotates around the axis of the main axis. Therefore, there is a 6-axis control program using a 5-axis control program. However, there is a drawback that it is very difficult to generate the program and is difficult to use easily.

  In addition, the automatic tool changer disclosed in Patent Document 2 determines whether or not the spindle is in the interference area when changing the tool. If it is determined that the spindle is not in the interference area, the automatic tool changer moves to the tool change start position of the spindle. Is equipped with a control device that issues a command to simultaneously move the tool and index the tool magazine, but shortens the cycle time by simultaneously operating the A-axis and B-axis while performing ATC (automatic tool change) operation. It is not possible.

In the NC part program, when trying to perform ATC operation with the A-axis and B-axis using the second auxiliary function called B code, the movement amount of the A-axis, the movement amount of the B-axis, the combination axis If you choose to code the following: However, this method has a drawback that the cycle time becomes long because four blocks are required for the operation.
B100;
B200;
B3;
T01 M17 M76;

JP 2003-5811 A JP 2000-126965 A

  In view of these drawbacks, the problem of the present invention is that the A axis and the B axis are operated in parallel with the operation of the reference axis (referred to as X axis, Y axis, Z axis) of the machine tool or various operations on the machine tool side. An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool axis control device that is operated to shorten the cycle time.

An axis control device for a machine tool according to the present invention includes a PMC (Programmable Machine Controller) for controlling a machine tool, an X axis, a Y axis, a Z axis that are machine tool reference axes, and an A axis and a B axis that are rotary axes. An axis control device for a machine tool, comprising a memory storing a program for controlling the machine and an NC (Numerical Control) axis control unit for controlling a reference axis and a rotation axis according to the program. And a PMC axis control unit for controlling the A axis and the B axis. The program has A-axis control data, B-axis control data, axis designation data, and ATC (automatic tool change) axis control preparation data as one command block data. When the axis designation data of the command block data is read by the PMC by executing the program, the control right of the A axis and B axis control is switched from the NC axis control unit side to the PMC axis control unit side, and the control of the PMC axis control unit is performed. Starts movement of one or both of the A axis and B axis specified by the axis designation data under the control of the NC axis control unit in parallel with the movement of the axis, and moves the reference axis to the tool change position. Move to change tools. When the parallel processing of the movement of one or both of the A axis and the B axis designated by the axis designation data and the movement of the reference axis and the tool change is completed, the control right is transferred from the PMC axis control unit side to the NC axis control unit. Return to the side.

In this way, the A / B axis control right of the machine tool is disconnected from the NC axis control unit side and switched to the PMC axis control unit side, so that the A axis / B axis is operated on the PMC side and in parallel with this. since moving the tool exchange into the tool change position of the reference axis NC side is performed, it is possible to shorten the cycle time.

An axis control program for a machine tool according to the present invention includes a PMC (Programmable Machine Controller) that controls a machine tool, an X axis, a Y axis, a Z axis that are reference axes of the machine tool, and an A axis and a B axis that are rotation axes. Is a program for operating an axis control device of a machine tool including an NC (Numerical Control) axis control unit that controls the AMC and a PMC axis control unit that controls the A axis and the B axis under the control of the PMC. Thus, the A axis control data, the B axis control data, the axis designation data, and the ATC (automatic tool change) axis control preparation data are provided as one command block data, and the axis control device is caused to execute the following steps.
(A) When the axis designation data of the command block data is read by the PMC, the control right of the axis control of the A axis and the B axis is switched from the NC axis control unit side to the PMC axis control unit side.
(B) A step of starting movement of one or both of the A axis and the B axis designated by the axis designation data under the control of the PMC axis control unit.
(C) A step of changing the tool by moving the reference axis to the tool changing position under the control of the NC axis control unit in parallel with the movement of the axis in step (b).
(D) When the parallel processing of the movement of one or both of the A axis and B axis designated by the axis designation data and the movement of the reference axis and the tool change is completed, the control right is controlled from the PMC axis control unit side to the NC axis control. Returning to the department side.

According to the present invention, since the axis control on the PMC side is enabled by switching the axis control of the A axis and the B axis from the NC axis control to the PMC axis control, the A axis and the B axis are the reference axes of the machine tool. movement and in parallel with the tool change to the tool change position, it is possible to operate simultaneously, thus shortening the cycle time. In addition, since A-axis control data, B-axis control data, axis designation data, and ATC (automatic tool change) axis control preparation data are made into one command block data, one block can easily and easily be used for A-axis and B-axis. Easy-to-understand commands can be programmed.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 and 2.

The system shown in FIG. 5 includes an MDI (manual data input unit) 61, a memory 62 for storing programs and data, a display 63 for displaying various data and the like, and a PMC (programmable machine controller) 64 for controlling the machine tool. And an axis control unit 65 that controls the axis, and a CPU control unit 67 that controls each unit.

  When the corresponding program is called and executed by the MDI 61, the CPU control unit 67 calls the NC part program stored in the memory 62, stores the control data in the memory 62, exchanges data, and transmits the data via the PMC 64 to the axis control unit 65. The axis is controlled by

  FIG. 2 shows an X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis (NC reference axis) of the main axis, two axes of A-axis and B-axis, and an NC part program (hereinafter simply referred to as “program”) for controlling the ATC operation. An example of The A axis is the rotation axis of the tilt table, and the B axis is the rotation axis of the turning table. Hereinafter, the function of the program will be described with reference numerals.

  1 is a block of Z300.0; and has a function of letting the Z-axis escape to a region that does not interfere with the A-axis and the B-axis.

  2 is a block of G401A100.0B200.0Q3T01M17; and calls the macro program 3 (name O9013). The code G401 is set in the parameter to indicate that the macro program 3 is called. This block 2 sets the movement command values for the A and B axes, as well as the reference axes (X axis, Y axis, Z axis) and the A and B axes that operate simultaneously in parallel with the ATC operation. It has a function to specify the combination. The movement command value for the A axis is stored in the variable # 1, and the movement command value for the B axis is stored in the variable # 2. The argument of address Q is stored in variable # 17.

The address Q is a function for designating an axis that is separated from the NC side and simultaneously operated by the axis control on the PMC side in parallel with the operation of the reference axis (X axis, Y axis, Z axis), and has the following meanings. .
Q = 1: The control right of the A axis is switched from the NC side to the PMC side, and the A axis is operated by the PMC side axis control.
Q = 2: The control right of the B axis is switched from the NC side to the PMC side, and the B axis is operated by the PMC side axis control.
Q = 3: The control right of the A axis and the B axis is switched from the NC side to the PMC side, and the A axis and the B axis are operated by the PMC side axis control.

  The tool number 01 of the argument of the address T indicated by T01M17 and the argument 17 of the address M are stored in variables # 20 and # 13, which will be described later. M17 is a tool return preparation command by axis control on the PMC side.

  The A-axis or B-axis, or the A-axis / B-axis starts operation in response to a block command indicated by reference numeral 9.

4 G91G30X0Y0Z0; in the block, the reference axis (X axis, Y axis, Z axis) is a function to move to the tool change position. 5 M06; in the block, the operation start command tool change function.

  In the macro program 3, 6 is a block of # 140 = # 1, 7 is a block of # 141 = # 2, and the variable # 1 in which the movement command value of the A axis is stored and the movement command value of the B axis are stored. Stored variable # 2 is stored in common variables # 140 and # 141, respectively.

  8 is a block of # 143 = # 17; the axis designation for switching from the axis control on the NC side to operate by the axis control on the PMC side or the axis designation (argument of the address Q) for confirming the completion of the PMC axis control operation is stored. To do.

  9 is a block of T # 20M # 13M76; variable # 20 stores a tool number (01), and the magazine rotates at an address T to instruct a tool selection operation. The variable # 13 stores a numerical value 17, and in M17, a tool return preparation command is performed by axis control on the PMC side.

  A code M76 is an auxiliary function, and is a window activation means for activating a window function that is responsible for an interface function between the NC side and the PMC side.

  When the window function is activated by the window activation means M76, the PMC side reads the control data of the A axis and the B axis and also reads the data Q of the common variable # 143. When the address Q is a numerical value 1 to 3, for example, when the common variable # 143 = 3, the axis control right is switched from the NC side to the PMC side, and the two axes A and B are controlled by the PMC side axis control. The simultaneous operation and the ATC operation of the tool number 01 are performed in parallel.

  Reference numeral 10 denotes a block of M99; which is a function for returning to the main program and executing the next block.

  Next, 11 is a block of G401A100.0B200.0Q19; the macro program 3 is called to determine whether the positions of the A-axis and B-axis are equal to the movement command value, and control the current positions of the A-axis and B-axis. To confirm the completion of the PMC axis control operation. The axis designation for confirming the completion of the PMC axis control operation is performed at the address Q as described above. Since the argument of Q is the numerical value 19, the numerical value 19 is stored in the variable # 17. By executing the M76 code, the common variable # 143 = 19 is read on the PMC side, and the command operation positions (G401A100.0B200.0) of the A axis and the B axis are confirmed. When the current position of the A-axis is equal to the common variable # 140 and the current position of the B-axis is equal to the common variable # 141, the completion confirmation of the parallel processing of the ATC operation and the A-axis / B-axis movement operation is completed. Return the B axis control right to the NC side.

The movement command values A100.0 and B200.0 command the operation completion confirmation positions of the A-axis and the B-axis as absolute values, respectively. The meaning of the address Q is as follows.
Q = 17: A-axis PMC axis control operation completion confirmation Q = 18: B-axis PMC axis control operation completion confirmation Q = 19: A-axis / B-axis PMC axis control operation completion confirmation

  Based on the above description of the program, the axis control of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 12 denotes a memory in which an A-axis movement command value (absolute value) 100.0 is stored. Reference numeral 13 denotes a memory in which a B-axis movement command value (absolute value) 200.0 is stored. Reference numeral 14 denotes a memory in which arguments 1 to 3 (axis designation on the PMC side) of the address Q are stored, or a PMC axis control operation completion confirmation designation of arguments 17 to 19 in the address Q is stored. A memory 15 stores an ATC tool number which is ATC axis control preparation data and an argument of an address M of a tool return preparation command. Reference numeral 18 denotes memory means constituting the memory for these data.

In Figure 1, as data exchange is likely to understand, are expressed schematically, NC control unit 50 (FIG. 3) comprises an I / O interface 25 for controlling the A-axis and B-axis, PMC28 (Figure 5 ), an NC axis control unit 19 for controlling the X, Y, and Z axis NC reference axes, the A axis, the B axis, and the ATC operation, a PMC interface 20, and a CPU control unit 21 for controlling these units. (CPU control section 67 in FIG. 5 ), in addition to this, the memory 62 shown in FIG. 5 (including the memory means 18 in FIG. 3), the MDI 61 as input / output means for various data, and the display 63 Including.

  The PMC interface 20 includes an auxiliary function M76 for starting the window function, a window function, and an interface, and handshakes command block data between the NC side and the PMC side.

Referring to FIG. 1, the data configuration and operation of the program will be described in model form. The program execution unit 16 reads and executes each block 1 to 11 of the program of FIG. 2 stored in the memory 62 ( FIG. 5 ). As described above, the A-axis control data, the B-axis control data, and the axis designation data are stored in the memories 12 to 14 of the memory means 18. The ATC axis control preparation data 15 is output to the PMC 28 via the PMC interface 20.

  These data, that is, A-axis data 12, B-axis data 13, axis designation data 14, and ATC axis control preparation data 15 constitute one command block data 17 as an operation command. By executing the command block data 17, the A-axis control unit 23, the B-axis control unit 24, and the ATC control unit 27 perform A-axis control, B-axis control, and ATC operation, respectively.

  The program execution unit 16 executes the block of NC side (reference axis) operation indicated by reference numerals 4 and 5 shown in FIG.

  The program execution unit 16 is based on the command block data 26 (FIG. 1) constituting one block as an operation command composed of the A / B axis movement operation (A100.0B200.0) and the operation completion confirmation data (address Q). After the start of A-axis and B-axis operation, it is determined whether the current position of A-axis and B-axis is equal to the movement command value of A-axis / B-axis movement operation (A100.0B200.0), and PMC axis control Confirm operation completion.

  Thus, the present invention is characterized in that the ATC operation on the NC side is performed in parallel with the movement operation of the A axis and the B axis, and the start and end can be easily confirmed by the NC part program.

As described above, after execution of the command block data 17 for performing the operations of the A axis and the B axis (reference numeral 2 in FIG. 2), the process proceeds to the next block and executes the NC side reference axis operation N5 (reference numeral in FIG. 2). 4, 5). Ie, X-axis, Y-axis, and moves in the Z-axis tool change position, perform the tool change operation. Next, the operation completion confirmation of the A axis and the B axis is performed by executing one command block data 26 as an operation command (reference numeral 11 in FIG. 2).

As shown in block N5 (FIG. 1), the reference axis on the NC side between the operation start of the A-axis and B-axis by the command block data 17 and the completion of operation of the A-axis and B-axis by the command block data 26 To the tool change position and tool change by ATC operation.

  The block configuration shown in FIG. 1 can be summarized as shown in FIG. The NC control unit 50 includes a CPU control unit 21, a PMC interface 20, a PMC axis control unit 22, an I / O interface 25, an NC axis control unit 19 and a PMC 28. The PMC 28 includes a PMC ladder control unit 29. The CPU control unit 21 executes blocks indicated by reference numerals 1 to 11 of the program contents.

  The program shown in FIG. 2 is read and executed by the program execution unit 16, and various data of reference numeral 2 are stored in the memory means 18. Actually, the CPU control unit 21 performs this operation.

  In the determination 30 of FIG. 3, the PMC ladder control unit 29 determines from the value of the address Q whether the PMC axis control unit 22 controls the A axis and the B axis. If YES, the motors 31-1 and 31-2 are driven by the A-axis control unit 23 and the B-axis control unit 24 via the PMC axis control unit 22 and the I / O interface 25, respectively. The ATC operation is performed by the PMC axis control unit 22 by executing a code M06 indicated by reference numeral 5 in FIG.

  When the auxiliary function M76 (symbol 9 in FIG. 2) is output and the common variable # 143 is Q = 3 (binary number “00011”), that is, the operation when the designated axes are the A axis and the B axis. This will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  If the auxiliary function M76 is not being output in the decision 33, the process proceeds to END44. If the auxiliary function M76 is being output in the decision 33 (YES), the PMC side reads the argument of the address Q stored in the common variable # 143 in the decision 34 (# 143 AND16 = 0), and performs bit comparison with a binary number. Determine whether the operation is complete or the axis is moving. Since the 5th bit is 0 (axis operation), the determination at 34 is YES, and the 1st bit is bit-checked based on whether or not the A axis is selected in the determination 35 (# 143AND1 ≠ 0). Since the first bit is 1, the determination in 35 is YES, and in process 36, control of the A axis is switched to the PMC axis control unit 22 side, and an A axis movement command is started. If the first bit is 0 (no A axis), the determination in 35 is NO, and the process proceeds to the next determination 37 without executing the processing 36.

  Next, in the determination 37 (# 143 AND2 ≠ 0), whether or not the B axis is selected is bit-checked. Since the second bit is 1, the determination in 37 is YES, and in the process 38, the B-axis control is switched to the PMC axis control unit 22 side, and the B-axis movement command is started. Further, the completion signal (FIN) of M76 is immediately returned, and the process proceeds to END44. If the second bit is 0 (no B-axis), the determination at 37 is NO, and the process proceeds to the next END 44 without executing the process 38.

  Next, a case where the common variable # 143 is Q = 19 (“10011” in binary number), that is, a case where the operation completion confirmation of the A axis and the B axis will be described.

  Since the 5th bit is 1 (operation completion confirmation), the determination at 34 is NO, and the process proceeds to determination 39 (# 143 AND1 ≠ 0), and bit verification is performed as to whether the A axis is the operation completion confirmation of the target. Since the first bit is 1, the determination result in 39 is YES, and in determination 40, it is checked whether the AMC axis control operation by the PMC axis control unit 22 is completed. If the operation is not completed, the determination result at 40 is NO, and the process proceeds to END44. If the operation is completed, the process proceeds to decision 41 (# 143 AND2 ≠ 0), and bit verification is performed as to whether or not the B axis is the target operation confirmation. Since the second bit is 1, the determination result in 41 is YES, and in determination 42, it is checked whether the operation of the B axis control by the PMC axis control unit 22 is completed. If the operation is not completed, the determination result at 42 is NO, and the process proceeds to END 44. If the operation is completed, the control right is returned from the PMC axis to the NC axis in processing 43, and a completion signal (FIN) of the auxiliary function M76 is returned.

  As described above, the ATC function on the NC side operates between the blocks 2 and 11 described in FIG. 2, and the ATC operation is executed after the A-axis and B-axis operations are started. Yes. Due to the parallel processing based on such a configuration, the waiting control is eliminated, and the cycle time can be shortened as compared with the prior art.

It is a block block diagram for demonstrating operation | movement of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the NC part program of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit block diagram for demonstrating operation | movement of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the outline | summary of a system.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1-11 ... NC part program coding block 12-15 ... Data which comprises command block data 16 ... Program execution part 17 ... Command block data 18 ... Memory means 19 ... NC Axis control unit 20 ... PMC interface 21 ... CPU control unit 22 ... PMC axis control unit 23 ... A axis control unit 24 ... B axis control unit 25 ... I / O interface 26. ..Command block data 27 ... ATC control unit 28 ... PMC
29 ... PMC ladder control unit 31 ... Drive motor 32 ... Z axis 50 ... NC control unit N5 ... Operation of NC functions

Claims (2)

PMC (Programmable Machine Controller) for controlling machine tools,
A memory storing a program for controlling the X axis, the Y axis, the Z axis, and the A axis, which is the rotation axis, and the B axis, which are reference axes of the machine tool;
In an axis control device for a machine tool comprising an NC (Numerical Control) axis control unit that controls the reference axis and the rotation axis according to the program,
A PMC axis control unit for controlling the A axis and the B axis under the control of the PMC;
The program has A-axis control data, B-axis control data, axis designation data, and ATC (automatic tool change) axis control preparation data as one command block data,
When the axis designation data of the command block data is read by the PMC by the execution of the program, the control right of the axis control of the A axis and the B axis is switched from the NC axis control unit side to the PMC axis control unit side, and the PMC axis The movement of one or both of the A axis and the B axis designated by the axis designation data is started under the control of the control unit, and the reference is controlled under the control of the NC axis control unit in parallel with the movement of the axis. Change the tool by moving the axis to the tool change position,
When the parallel processing of the movement of one or both of the A axis and the B axis designated by the axis designation data and the movement of the reference axis and the tool change is completed, the control right is transferred from the PMC axis control unit side to the NC axis control. An axis control device for a machine tool characterized by being returned to the side of the machine. PMC (Programmable Machine Controller) for controlling the machine tool, and NC (Numerical Control) axis control unit for controlling the X axis, Y axis, Z axis and the A axis and B axis as the rotation axes of the machine tool And a PMC control unit for controlling the A-axis and the B-axis under the control of the PMC. An axis control program for a machine tool having control data, axis designation data, and ATC (automatic tool change) axis control preparation data as one command block data, and causing the axis control device to execute the following steps: .
(A) When the axis designation data of the command block data is read by the PMC, the control right of the axis control of the A axis and the B axis is switched from the NC axis control unit side to the PMC axis control unit side.
(B) A step of starting the movement of one or both of the A axis and the B axis designated by the axis designation data under the control of the PMC axis control unit.
(C) A step of changing the tool by moving the reference axis to the tool changing position under the control of the NC axis control unit in parallel with the movement of the axis in the step (b).
(D) When the parallel processing of the movement of one or both of the A axis and the B axis designated by the axis designation data and the movement of the reference axis and the tool change is completed, the control right is transferred from the PMC axis control unit side. Returning to the NC axis control unit side.

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