JP4378172B2 - トランスリフレクタ、トランスリフレクタシステムおよびディスプレイ、ならびにトランスリフレクタを製造する方法 - Google Patents
トランスリフレクタ、トランスリフレクタシステムおよびディスプレイ、ならびにトランスリフレクタを製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
この発明は、トランスリフレクタ(transreflector)の一方側に当たる光のより大きな部分を反射しかつトランスリフレクタの他方側に当たる光のより大きな部分を透過し、またその逆も行なうトランスリフレクタに関する。また、この発明は、トランスリフレクタを製造する異なる方法に関する。
トランスリフレクタは、それに当たる光の一部を透過し、かつそれに当たる光の一部を反射する光学装置である。トランスリフレクタの例は、ビームスプリッタまたは半渡銀鏡である。トランスリフレクタの所与の側に当たる光強度を考慮すると、エネルギ保存により、(i)トランスリフレクタを透過する、(ii)トランスリフレクタが反射する、および(iii)トランスリフレクタが吸収する光強度の和は、その側に当たる元の強度と等しくなければならない。装置の一方側に当たる光をできるだけ透過する一方で、装置の反対側に当たる光をできるだけ反射するトランスリフレクタを構築することが所望される場合、ビームスプリッタ型トランスリフレクタ装置は、装置が吸収する光の強度が0であると仮定すれば、50%の光透過および50%の光反射に理論的に限定される。光吸収がゼロであるトランスリフレクタ装置を製造することは物理的に不可能なので、装置に入射する光の最大量を透過および反射しようとするビームスプリッタ型トランスリフレクタ装置は、50%未満の透過および50%未満の反射に限定される。
この発明は、トランスリフレクタの一方側に当たる光のより多くを反射しかつトランスリフレクタの反対側に当たる光のより多くを透過するトランスリフレクタ、トランスリフレクタシステムおよびディスプレイ、ならびにトランスリフレクタを製造する方法に関する。
たはこの面からトランスリフレクタに入るもしくはそれを出る光を再方向付けする光学的形状を有してもよい。周辺光を受けるトランスリフレクタの側の上の光学的形状は、溝または明確に規定された形状の個々の光学変形部を含んでもよい。また、光学変形部のサイズ、形状、角度、密度および向きはトランスリフレクタにわたって異なってもよい。光学変形部に加えてまたはその代わりに反射防止コーティングまたは偏光コーティングなどのオプティカルコーティングもトランスリフレクタのいずれかの面に塗布されてもよい。
ここで図面を詳細に参照して、およびまず図1から図3を参照して、これらの図面はこの発明に従う3つの異なるトランスリフレクタシステム1、2および3を概略的に示す。これらの各々は、液晶ディスプレイまたはメンブレンスイッチなどのディスプレイDとバックライトBLとの間に置かれたトランスリフレクタ4、5および6を含む。トランスリフレクタは、明るい環境でディスプレイがより見やすく(たとえばより明るい)なるようにディスプレイを通ってディスプレイから出る周辺光のより多くを反射し、かつバックライトからの光のより多くをトランスリフレクタを通してディスプレイの外へ透過させて暗い環境でディスプレイを照明するためのものである。
ように明確に規定された形状を各々が有する個々の光学変形部12のパターンのいずれかであり得る。溝11は、図4aおよび図4bに概略的に示されるように、その長さにわたって同じ高さであってもよく、または図4cに概略的に示されるように、その長さに沿って高さが異なってもよい。また、図4cにさらに概略的に示されるように、高さのばらつきは溝11ごとに異なってもよい。個々の光学変形部12の各々は、図5aおよび図5bに概略的に示されるように実質的に同じサイズおよび形状であってもよく、または図5cに概略的に示されるように異なるサイズおよび外形形状であってもよい。図5aに示される光学変形部12は、各々、2つの面、すなわち平らな反射面9およびカーブした光透過面10しか有しない。一方、図5bに示される光学変形部12は、各々、複数の反射面9と1つの光透過面10とを含むピラミッド形状を有する。
含む。いずれの場合も、ディスプレイを通過する周辺光のより多くの部分が反射面9によって反射されてディスプレイに戻され、ディスプレイは明るい環境でより見やすくなる。
は形状は基板にわたって異なり得る。
区域で互いに接合され得る。ディスプレイDに最も近い基板55は、ディスプレイから最も遠い基板56よりも屈折率が高い。基板の1つ(たとえば基板55)の嵌め合い側は光学変形部57のパターンを含み、他方の基板56の嵌め合い側は光学変形部58の逆パターンを含む。これらの光学変形部は異なる形状の溝を含み得る。たとえば、それぞれ図3および図3aに示されるように鋭角のもしくはカーブした頂部および谷部を備える平らな側、もしくは図3bに示されるようなカーブした側を有する角柱状の溝、またはクロス溝、またはレンズ状溝、または以前に説明されかつ図7および図8に概略的に図示されるように明確に規定された形状を各々が有する個々の光学変形部である。これにより、2つの基板の屈折率の差により、ディスプレイを通過し、トランスリフレクタ6の屈折率のより高い側55に入る周辺光のより大きな部分が、2つの基板間の内側の高/低界面59と底部/空気界面60との両者で完全に内部反射されるようになり、明るい環境でディスプレイがより見やすくなる。
、バックライトからのより均一な光出力分布を生じ得る。
て透明なフィルム、シートまたはプレート77を装着するかまたは位置決めして、光出力分布の均一性をさらに向上させ得る。たとえば、フィルム、シートまたはプレートは輝度向上フィルムまたは拡散器であり得る。
する、パネル表面区域上の個々の突出部の形態の変形部106、107および108を示す。同様に、図27は、パネル表面区域82中の個々の窪み111の形態の多数の変形部110のうち1つを示し、その各々は、パネル表面区域82のほぼ平らな面に対して平行に間隔をあけた関係の平面109と交差する。パネル表面区域82からの発光のための臨界角よりも小さな内角でそのような平面109に当たるいかなる光線も平面109によって内部で反射される一方で、臨界角よりも大きな内角でそのような平面109に当たるいかなる光線も、図27に概略的に示されるように、最小限の光学的不連続部を備える平面によって送出される。
光源50に面するような向きにされるので、すべての変形部は光源から送出されている光線と実質的に一列になっている。図36では、変形部115も図35と同様に光源50に面するような向きにされる。さらに、図36の変形部の列117は、光源50と実質的に径方向に整列されている。
Claims (11)
- 基板の嵌め合い面に沿って少なくとも部分的に互いに接合されまたは保持され、かつ屈折率の異なる少なくとも2つの実質的に平面である透明な前記基板(55,56)を含み、前記少なくとも2つの基板は、嵌め合い面から間隔を置いた関係で互いに離れた方向を向いた外側面を有し、より低い屈折率の基板(56)の外側面は発光アセンブリ(BL)または他の非周辺光光源の方を向いており、前記少なくとも2つの基板のうち一の基板(55)の嵌め合い面は光学変形部のパターン(57)を有しており、前記少なくとも2つの基板のうち他の基板(56)の嵌め合い面は前記光学変形部のほぼ逆のパターン(58)を有しており、その結果前記少なくとも2つの基板(55,56)の屈折率の違い、および前記光学変形部のパターンおよびほぼ逆のパターンが、より高い屈折率の基板(55)の外側面に入り、嵌め合い面同士の間の界面(59)で完全に内部反射し、より高い屈折率の基板(55)の外側面から出る周辺光を増加させ、光学変形部のパターンおよびほぼ逆のパターン(57,58)が、より低い屈折率の基板(56)からより高い屈折率の基板(55)へ透過する光を再方向付けするように形作られている、トランスリフレクタ(6)。
- より低い屈折率の基板(56)の外側面は光学変形部の第2のパターン(61)を有しており、前記第2のパターンは発光アセンブリ(BL)または他の非周辺光光源から送出された光をより低い屈折率の基板(56)へ透過するように形作られている、請求項1に記載のトランスリフレクタ。
- より高い屈折率の基板(55)の外側面は、より高い屈折率の基板(55)によって透過された光を再方向付けするように形作られた、光学変形部の別のパターン(64)を有している、請求項1に記載のトランスリフレクタ。
- 光学変形部(57,58)の前記パターンおよび前記ほぼ逆のパターンは、実質的に平面である透明な基板(55,56)の長さおよび幅に対してかなり小さいサイズを持つ明確に規定された形状の、個々の光学変形部を含む、請求項1に記載のトランスリフレクタ。
- 基板の嵌め合い面に沿って互いに接合または保持され、かつ屈折率の異なる2つより多い透明な基板(55,56,56a)を含む、請求項1に記載のトランスリフレクタ。
- 発光アセンブリ(BL)または他の非周辺光光源の方を向いた最も外側の基板(56a)の外側面の中または外側面の上の、光学変形部の第2のパターン(61)は、発光アセンブリ(BL)または他の非周辺光光源によって送出された光を透過するように形作られており、発光アセンブリまたは他の非周辺光光源から離れる方を向いた最も外側の基板(55)の外側面の中または外側面の上の、光学変形部の第3のパターン(64)は、より高い屈折率の基板からの光を再方向付けするように形作られている、請求項5に記載のトランスリフレクタ。
- より高い屈折率の基板(55)によって透過された光を拡散または再方向付けするためにより高い屈折率の基板(55)の外側面に適用された、拡散器、輝度向上フィルム、およびテクスチャ(64)のうち少なくとも1つをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のトランスリフレクタ。
- 一の基板(55)の嵌め合い面の中または嵌め合い面の上の光学変形部のパターン(57)は、予め形成されたパターンであり、他の基板(56)は、他の基板(56)の嵌め合い面の中または嵌め合い面の上に前記光学変形部のほぼ逆のパターン(58)を有する紫外線硬化ポリマーである、請求項1に記載のトランスリフレクタ。
- 発光アセンブリ(BL)と組み合わせた請求項1に記載のトランスリフレクタであって、前記発光アセンブリは、非周辺光光源(50)からの光を受けるための少なくとも1つの入力端縁を有する発光パネル部材と、より低い屈折率の基板の外側面を向いた少なくとも1つのパネル表面とを含み、その結果光学変形部のパターンおよびほぼ逆のパターン(57,58)は、より低い屈折率の基板(56)の外側面に関する法線方向に近づくように発光アセンブリ(BL)からの光を再方向付けし、かつ嵌め合い面同士の間の界面で内部全反射によって反射する周囲光の角度発散を減らすように形付けられている、トランスリフレクタ。
- 前記より高い屈折率の基板(55)からの反射光および透過光を受ける、より高い屈折率の基板(55)の外側面に密に近接したディスプレイ(D)をさらに含む、請求項9に記載のトランスリフレクタと発光アセンブリとの組合せ。
- 前記パネル部材(BL)は、前記パネル表面から特定の光出力分布を発生するための個々の光学変形部のパターン(76)を有し、前記パネル部材(BL)の前記個々の光学変形部(76)の少なくともいくつかは、前記パネル表面から前記パネル部材の前記光学変形部に当たる光を反射または屈折させるための少なくとも1つの傾斜面を含む明確に規定された形状を有する、請求項9に記載のトランスリフレクタと発光アセンブリとの組合せ。
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- 2002-11-25 AU AU2002359472A patent/AU2002359472A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-25 EP EP02794014A patent/EP1451502B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-25 EP EP10012507A patent/EP2284437B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-25 AT AT02794014T patent/ATE469323T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-11-25 KR KR1020107014410A patent/KR101060467B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-11-25 KR KR1020047008599A patent/KR20050044695A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2002-11-25 JP JP2003551455A patent/JP4378172B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-11-25 KR KR1020097024106A patent/KR100989695B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-11-25 WO PCT/US2002/037773 patent/WO2003050448A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-11-25 EP EP10005415A patent/EP2244005A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-25 DE DE60236538T patent/DE60236538D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-25 KR KR1020117012153A patent/KR20110066980A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2002-11-25 EP EP07023010A patent/EP1923625A3/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-12-03 TW TW091135019A patent/TWI266845B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-01-08 JP JP2009002545A patent/JP5075134B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-02-05 US US12/365,916 patent/US7806539B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10215344B2 (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2019-02-26 | Fluxwerx Illumination Inc. | Light emitting panel assemblies and light guides therefor |
| US9733411B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2017-08-15 | Fluxwerx Illumination Inc. | Light extraction elements |
| US9823406B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2017-11-21 | Fluxwerx Illumination Inc. | Light extraction elements |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5075134B2 (ja) | 2012-11-14 |
| KR20110066980A (ko) | 2011-06-17 |
| EP1451502A4 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
| JP2005512144A (ja) | 2005-04-28 |
| EP2244005A1 (en) | 2010-10-27 |
| KR101060467B1 (ko) | 2011-08-29 |
| EP1923625A3 (en) | 2008-06-04 |
| EP1923625A2 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
| EP2284437B1 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
| JP2009152207A (ja) | 2009-07-09 |
| KR20050044695A (ko) | 2005-05-12 |
| TW200304529A (en) | 2003-10-01 |
| TWI266845B (en) | 2006-11-21 |
| ATE469323T1 (de) | 2010-06-15 |
| AU2002359472A1 (en) | 2003-06-23 |
| KR100989695B1 (ko) | 2010-10-26 |
| US7806539B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 |
| WO2003050448A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
| US20090161385A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
| DE60236538D1 (de) | 2010-07-08 |
| EP1451502B1 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
| EP2284437A1 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
| EP1451502A1 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
| KR20100002286A (ko) | 2010-01-06 |
| KR20100084704A (ko) | 2010-07-27 |
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