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JP4269048B2 - Ionizing radiation protective agent - Google Patents

Ionizing radiation protective agent Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4269048B2
JP4269048B2 JP2003006432A JP2003006432A JP4269048B2 JP 4269048 B2 JP4269048 B2 JP 4269048B2 JP 2003006432 A JP2003006432 A JP 2003006432A JP 2003006432 A JP2003006432 A JP 2003006432A JP 4269048 B2 JP4269048 B2 JP 4269048B2
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Prior art keywords
ionizing radiation
pseudouridine
protective agent
radiation protective
radiation
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004217561A (en
Inventor
真奈美 物部
興一 安藤
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National Institutes For Quantum Science and Technology
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National Institutes For Quantum Science and Technology
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この出願の発明は、X線やγ線、粒子線等の電離放射線による生物障害の防護剤に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電離放射線に被曝した場合に遺伝子障害あるいは致死などの生物障害が現れることが知られており、このような生物障害作用を防護するための方法がこれまでにも様々な観点により検討されている。
【0003】
例えば、具体的にも、電離放射線の生物障害作用の防護に関しては、これまでにも、鉛による防護や薬剤による防護方法が知られている。放射線の細胞障害はラジカル反応による間接作用が約75%を占めると考えられていることから、これまでの放射線防護剤はラジカルスカベンジャーが主な防護剤であった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、現在までに多くのラジカルスカベンジャーが放射線障害防護剤として検討されているが、実用的薬剤とはなっておらず、安全性や有効性の面で問題があるとされている。また近年航空機や宇宙進出により直接作用が主体の放射線に対する防護が重要となってきたが、高LETのような直接作用の強い放射線に対する防護剤は副作用の強いものが多く、人に直接適応でき生命に安全な方法はないに等しく、外部被曝や内部被曝を少なくするよう努力する以外に防護する方法がないのが実情であった。すなわち、人に対して直接適応することのできる安全な方策はなかった。
【0005】
そこで、この出願の発明は、上記の課題を解決するものとして、電離放射線による生物障害の新しい防護剤を提供することを課題としている。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、この出願の発明の電離放射線防護剤においては、シュードウリジンを有効成分とする防護剤が提供され、これを経口、注射、液状吸入、食品への混合等により生体へ投与することにより、電離放射線による生物障害を防護する。
【0007】
人に対しての血液中濃度については、好ましくは0.1mM以上、より好ましくは1.6mM以上となるようにシュードウリジンを、経口、注射、液状吸入、食品に混合等により人体へ投与することにより、より効果的に電離放射線による障害を防護する。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
この出願の発明は上記のとおりの特徴をもつものであるが、その実施の形態としては、まず、前記の有効成分であるシュードウリジンは次式で示されるものである。
【0009】
【化1】

Figure 0004269048
【0010】
この有効成分のシュードウリジンは、水や生理食塩水等により希釈し、防護剤として生体へ投与することができる。
【0011】
さらに糖分や栄養分を加えて防護剤を構成することもできる。
【0012】
実際の使用に関しては、経口投与、静脈注射、液状吸入、食品に混合する方法等が可能であり、対象者の体質や電離放射線による被曝環境、そして防護が必要とされる時間等に応じてその使用量を調整することができる。もちろん、生物の対象はヒトであってもよいが、これに限られることなしに、非ヒト動物、実験動物に対しても有効に適用される。
【0013】
以下に実施例を示し、さらに詳しくこの出願の発明について説明する。以下の例においてはシュードウリジンをヒト末梢血液にX線、炭素イオン線を照射し、遺伝子障害についての染色体異常誘発頻度を測定することによりシュードウリジンの防護作用を確認している。もちろん、以下の例によってこの発明が限定されることはない。
【0014】
【実施例】
生理食塩水に溶解したシュードウリジンをヒト末梢血液に各濃度で添加し、X線(20mA、0.5mmCu+0.5mmAlフィルター、焦点・プローブ間距離55cm)、またはLET50keV/μmを4Gy照射した。シュードウリジンはSigma−Aldrich Co.の市販品β−Pseudouridine(Product Number:P1658)を使用した。X線または炭素イオン線で照射した群の障害の度合いを、染色体異常(Dicentric;二動原体染色体)出現頻度を測定することにより求め、シュードウリジンの電離放射線の生物障害に対する防護作用を調べた。結果は図1、図2に示すように細胞1個あたりの平均染色体異常出現頻度を調べると、シュードウリジン濃度の増加に伴い放射線誘発染色体異常が減少することが確認された。図において、縦軸は1細胞中の二動原体染色体異常数、横軸は血液中のシュードウリジン濃度mMを示す。
【0015】
この結果から、シュードウリジンの人に対する投与量は血液中濃度0.1mM(血液1リットル中にシュードウリジン24.42mg)以上となるのが好ましく、1.6mM以上であればさらに好ましいといえる。
【0016】
以上の結果により、シュードウリジンはX線または炭素イオン線による障害を抑制することが確認された。
【0017】
また、この結果から、シュードウリジンを有効成分とする電離放射線防護剤は、ヒトに対してだけでなく、ヒト以外の各種の哺乳動物にも有効に適用できることがわかる。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
この出願の発明により、電離放射線(高LET放射線を含む)による生物障害を防護することが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】ヒト末梢血液にシュードウリジンを様々な濃度で添加したときのX線4Gyによる遺伝子障害が減少することを例示した図である。
【図2】ヒト末梢血液にシュードウリジンを様々な濃度で添加したときの炭素イオン線4Gyによる遺伝子障害が減少することを例示した図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application relates to a protective agent against biological damage caused by ionizing radiation such as X-rays, γ-rays, and particle beams.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is known that biological damage such as genetic damage or lethality appears when exposed to ionizing radiation, and methods for protecting such biological damage action have been studied from various viewpoints.
[0003]
For example, specifically, with respect to the protection of the biohazardous action of ionizing radiation, protection with lead and protection with drugs have been known so far. Since it is considered that indirect action by radical reaction accounts for about 75% of radiation cytotoxicity, radical scavengers have been the main protective agents so far.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, many radical scavengers have been studied as radiation protection agents until now, but they are not practical drugs and are considered to be problematic in terms of safety and effectiveness. In recent years, it has become important to protect against radiation, which mainly has direct action due to aircraft and space advancement, but many of the protective agents against strong radiation, such as high LET, have strong side effects and can be directly applied to human life. In fact, there is no safe way, and there is no way to protect other than trying to reduce external and internal exposure. In other words, there was no safe policy that could be applied directly to people.
[0005]
Therefore, the invention of this application is to solve the above-mentioned problems by providing a new protective agent against biological damage caused by ionizing radiation.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the ionizing radiation protective agent of the invention of this application provides a protective agent containing pseudouridine as an active ingredient, and this is applied to a living body by oral, injection, liquid inhalation, mixing with food, etc. By administration, biological damage caused by ionizing radiation is protected.
[0007]
Administering pseudouridine to the human body by oral, injection, liquid inhalation, mixing with food, etc. so that the blood concentration for humans is preferably 0.1 mM or more, more preferably 1.6 mM or more. To more effectively protect against damage caused by ionizing radiation.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application has the characteristics as described above. As an embodiment thereof, first, pseudouridine, which is the active ingredient, is represented by the following formula.
[0009]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0004269048
[0010]
This active ingredient, pseudouridine, can be diluted with water, physiological saline or the like and administered to a living body as a protective agent.
[0011]
In addition, sugars and nutrients can be added to form protective agents.
[0012]
For actual use, oral administration, intravenous injection, liquid inhalation, mixing with food, etc. are possible, depending on the subject's constitution, exposure environment due to ionizing radiation, and the time required for protection. The amount used can be adjusted. Of course, the subject of the organism may be a human, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be effectively applied to non-human animals and experimental animals.
[0013]
Examples will be shown below, and the invention of this application will be described in more detail. In the following examples, the protective action of pseudouridine is confirmed by irradiating human peripheral blood with X-rays and carbon ion rays and measuring the frequency of chromosomal abnormality induction for genetic disorders. Of course, the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
[0014]
【Example】
Pseudouridine dissolved in physiological saline was added to human peripheral blood at various concentrations, and irradiated with 4 Gy of X-rays (20 mA, 0.5 mm Cu + 0.5 mm Al filter, focal point-probe distance of 55 cm), or LET 50 keV / μm. Pseudouridine is available from Sigma-Aldrich Co. Commercial product β-Pseudouridine (Product Number: P1658) was used. The degree of damage in the group irradiated with X-rays or carbon ion beams was determined by measuring the frequency of occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities (Dicentric; dicentric chromosomes), and the protective effect of pseudouridine against ionizing radiation was examined. . As a result, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, it was confirmed that the radiation-induced chromosomal abnormality decreased with increasing pseudouridine concentration when the average occurrence frequency of chromosomal abnormality per cell was examined. In the figure, the vertical axis represents the number of abnormal dicentric chromosomes in one cell, and the horizontal axis represents the concentration of pseudouridine in blood.
[0015]
From this result, it is preferable that the dose of pseudouridine to a person is preferably a blood concentration of 0.1 mM (pseudouridine 24.42 mg in 1 liter of blood) or more, and more preferably 1.6 mM or more.
[0016]
From the above results, it was confirmed that pseudouridine suppresses damages caused by X-rays or carbon ion rays.
[0017]
In addition, this result shows that the ionizing radiation protective agent containing pseudouridine as an active ingredient can be effectively applied not only to humans but also to various mammals other than humans.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
The invention of this application makes it possible to protect biological damage caused by ionizing radiation (including high LET radiation).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram exemplifying that gene damage due to X-ray 4Gy is reduced when pseudouridine is added to human peripheral blood at various concentrations.
FIG. 2 is a graph exemplifying that genetic damage due to carbon ion beam 4Gy is reduced when pseudouridine is added to human peripheral blood at various concentrations.

Claims (3)

シュードウリジンを有効成分として電離放射線による生物障害を防護することを特徴とする電離放射線防護剤。An ionizing radiation protective agent that protects biological damage caused by ionizing radiation using pseudouridine as an active ingredient. 血液中濃度が0.1mM以上となるようにシュードウリジンが投与されるようにした、請求項1の電離放射線防護剤。The ionizing radiation protective agent according to claim 1, wherein pseudouridine is administered so that the blood concentration is 0.1 mM or more. 血液中濃度が1.6mM以上となるようにシュードウリジンが投与されるようにした、請求項1の電離放射線防護剤。The ionizing radiation protective agent according to claim 1, wherein pseudouridine is administered so that the blood concentration is 1.6 mM or more.
JP2003006432A 2003-01-14 2003-01-14 Ionizing radiation protective agent Expired - Lifetime JP4269048B2 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8261993B2 (en) 1994-05-25 2012-09-11 Marshall Feature Recognition, Llc Method and apparatus for accessing electronic data via a familiar printed medium
US8261994B2 (en) 1994-05-25 2012-09-11 Marshall Feature Recognition, Llc Method and apparatus for accessing electronic data via a familiar printed medium
US8910876B2 (en) 1994-05-25 2014-12-16 Marshall Feature Recognition, Llc Method and apparatus for accessing electronic data via a familiar printed medium

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009045655A2 (en) * 2007-08-16 2009-04-09 The Henry M. Jackson Foundation For The Advancement Of Military Medicine, Inc. Compositions containing purine nucleosides and manganese and their uses

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8261993B2 (en) 1994-05-25 2012-09-11 Marshall Feature Recognition, Llc Method and apparatus for accessing electronic data via a familiar printed medium
US8261994B2 (en) 1994-05-25 2012-09-11 Marshall Feature Recognition, Llc Method and apparatus for accessing electronic data via a familiar printed medium
US8910876B2 (en) 1994-05-25 2014-12-16 Marshall Feature Recognition, Llc Method and apparatus for accessing electronic data via a familiar printed medium

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