JP4248781B2 - Detection circuit for surgical handpiece system - Google Patents

Description

Cross reference to related applications
This patent application is a benefit of US Provisional Patent Application Nos. 60 / 241,899 and 60 / 242,272 filed Oct. 20, 2000, the contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference. Insist.
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to ultrasonic surgical systems, and in particular, surgical procedures involving simultaneous soft tissue incision and cauterization of large and small blood vessels through the use of a precisely controlled ultrasonically vibrating device such as a blade or a scalpel. Relates to an improved apparatus for facilitating the implementation of
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is known that an electrosurgical scalpel and laser can be used as a surgical device to perform two functions of simultaneously incising and hemostasis soft tissue by cauterizing tissue and blood vessels. However, such devices use very high temperatures to form a solidified state, resulting in vaporization and fuming and splashes. Furthermore, the use of such a device often forms a relatively wide area of thermal tissue damage.
[0003]
Cutting and cauterizing tissue with a surgical blade that vibrates at high speed with an ultrasonic drive mechanism is also well known. Such systems are equipped with generators that generate electrical signals at specific voltages, currents, and frequencies, for example, 55,500 cycles per second. The generator is connected to a handpiece via a cable, which contains a piezoelectric element forming an ultrasonic transducer. In response to a foot switch connected to the generator via a switch or another cable on the handpiece, the generator's signal is supplied to the transducer, which causes longitudinal vibrations of its elements. A structure connects the transducer to the surgical blade, which vibrates when the generator supplies a signal to the transducer. Since this structure is designed to resonate at a predetermined frequency, the motion initiated by the transducer is amplified.
[0004]
The blades often have an asymmetric shape, and during a surgical procedure, the doctor manipulates the handpiece to bring the blade into contact with the tissue to be treated. Since a switch that controls the operation of the blade is located on the handpiece, the location of the switch may prevent the physician from contacting the tissue in the desired orientation of the blade. That is, the relative position between the switch and the blade prevents or makes it difficult for the physician to operate the blade to its proper position even when the switch can be activated with his / her finger. there is a possibility.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, there is a need for a handpiece and switch assembly that allows a physician to freely access and perform surgery on tissue without having to worry about the relative position between the switch and the blade. ing.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Various circuit designs for use in a surgical handpiece system are disclosed herein. The surgical handpiece system includes a switch end cap, the switch end cap is rotatable, and preferably the handpiece on a switch mechanism provided in the switch end cap. Removably connect the main body part. The body part of the handpiece and the switch mechanism can reduce the number of conductive members required for the switch end cap described above to freely rotate around the body part of the handpiece to communicate the state of each switch. Are electrically connected to each other in a style.
[0007]
In one example embodiment, a detection circuit is provided in the console component, which is connected to and provides power to the body portion of the handpiece. For example, the detection circuit is designed to detect the presence and direction of electrical conductivity across the conductive member of the handpiece. The switch end cap described above has a reduced number of conductive members to carry signals for monitoring the state of a predetermined number of independent switches forming part of the switch end cap. It has a circuit that allows it to be used. The circuit and configuration of each conductive member of this handpiece allows two independent switches of only two sets of conductive members to be used instead of the three or more sets of conductive members required in the conventional form of monitoring by circuit. It becomes possible to monitor the condition. Due to the reduction of the conductive members, the configuration of the handpiece can be made smaller and more reliable.
[0008]
In another aspect, the handpiece detection circuit and the switch end cap circuit provide a means for detecting and measuring the extent of the effect of debris entering between the conductive members of the handpiece. In addition, incomplete effects due to the above debris are suppressed by the handpiece using the circuit configuration of the present invention.
[0009]
In yet another aspect, the switch end cap circuitry can be used as a means for identifying the type of switch end cap attached to the body portion of the handpiece in combination with the detection circuitry. By changing the circuit used in the switch end cap, the type of the switch end cap can be detected by the detection circuit. Thus, a generator equipped with this detection circuit can detect what kind of switch end cap is attached to the handpiece.
[0010]
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention based on the accompanying drawings.
These and other features of the embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of these embodiments and the examples illustrated in the drawings.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In FIG. 1, an ultrasonic surgical cutting and hemostasis system according to an example embodiment is indicated generally by the numeral 10. The system 10 includes a console or housing 20 for receiving an ultrasound generator (not shown) and a control system disposed within the console 20 that forms part of the system 10. The first cable 22 serves to connect the console 20 to the handpiece 100 and to electrically connect between them. The first cable 22 includes a first set of wires (not shown) that allow electrical energy, ie drive current, to be supplied from the console 20 to the handpiece 100. This drive current provides ultrasonic longitudinal movement to the surgical instrument 30. According to an exemplary embodiment, the surgical instrument 30 is preferably a sharp scalpel blade or shear. The instrument 30 can be used for simultaneous tissue incision and cauterization.
[0012]
Supply of ultrasonic current to the handpiece 100 is controlled by a switch mechanism 110 disposed in the handpiece 100. As will be described in detail later, the switch mechanism 110 is connected to the console 20, more specifically to the generator thereof, via one or more wires (not shown) of the first cable 22. Furthermore, the generator can optionally be controlled by a foot switch 40 connected to the console 20 via the second cable 50. Thus, in use, the surgeon provides an ultrasonic electrical signal to the handpiece 100 by operating the switch mechanism 110 or foot switch 40 in the handpiece 100 to cause the instrument 30 to be at ultrasonic frequency. It can be vibrated in the longitudinal direction. The switch mechanism 110 is activated by the surgeon's hand, and the foot switch 40 is activated by the surgeon's foot.
[0013]
The generator console 10 includes a liquid crystal display 24 for indicating the output level selected by various means such as a maximum cutting output rate or a numerical output level associated with the cutting output. Can be used for The liquid crystal display device 20 can also be used to display other parameters in the system. Output switch 26 is used to start the device. In the warm-up state, the “standby” light 28 is lit. When ready for operation, the “ready” indicator 14 is lit and the standby light is extinguished. The MAX indicator lights when the device provides maximum power. If less output is selected, the MIN indicator is lit. The output level when the MIN indicator is activated is set by the button 16.
[0014]
When performing a diagnostic test, this test is initiated by a “test” button 19. For safety reasons, for example, button 19 may be pressed in combination with switch mechanism 110 or foot switch 40 to ensure that the examination does not begin when the blade is touching the surgeon or other personnel. Can do. Further, when the switch mechanism 110 is activated instead of the foot switch 40, the “hand activation” button 18 on the front panel is selected to enable use of the button 18. There is a need.
[0015]
When power is applied to the ultrasonic handpiece 100 by the operation of either the switch mechanism 110 or the switch 40 described above, the assembly causes the surgical knife or blade 30 to vibrate longitudinally at about 55.5 kHz and this longitudinal The amount of movement in the direction varies in proportion to the amount of drive power (current) supplied, according to an adjustable selection by the user. The blade 30 is designed to move longitudinally within the range of about 40 microns to 100 microns at its ultrasonic vibration speed when providing a relatively high cutting power. Such ultrasonic vibration of the blade 30 converts the mechanical energy of the blade into thermal energy when the blade contacts the tissue, that is, in a localized region in which the acceleration operation of the blade in the tissue is extremely narrow. In addition, this localized heat creates a narrow region of coagulation, which can reduce or eliminate bleeding in small blood vessels that are less than 1 millimeter in diameter. The cutting efficiency of the blade and the degree of hemostasis vary depending on the drive power level supplied, the surgeon's cutting speed, the nature of the tissue type and the vascular distribution of the tissue.
[0016]
2-7, the handpiece 100 is shown in detail, which includes a piezoelectric transducer for converting electrical energy, indicated generally at 120, into mechanical energy. This mechanical energy causes vibrational motion along the longitudinal direction of both ends of the transducer. Preferably, the transducer 120 is in the form of a stacked ceramic piezoelectric element having a motion null point between the ends of the stack. Horn 130 is coupled to transducer 120 on one side thereof. In addition, a (surgical) instrument 30 is secured to a portion of the horn 130. As a result, the instrument 30 vibrates in the longitudinal direction at the ultrasonic frequency speed of the transducer 120. Both ends of the transducer 120 perform maximum operation when the transducer 120 is driven by a current of 380 mA · RMS at the resonant frequency of the transducer. This is only a schematic description of the operation of the handpiece 100, and those skilled in the art will understand how to operate each particular component to achieve its ultrasonic surgical action.
[0017]
Each part of the handpiece 100 is designed so that the combination vibrates at the same resonance frequency. In particular, each component housed in the apparatus is adjusted so that its final length is ½ wavelength. The longitudinal movement along the longitudinal direction is amplified as the diameter of the portion of the acoustic mounting horn 130 that is relatively close to the instrument 30 decreases. Accordingly, the horn 130 and the instrument 30 are shaped and scaled down to amplify blade motion and provide tuned resonant vibration to the rest of the acoustic system, thereby providing proximity to the instrument 30. The end of the acoustic mounting horn 130 that has the maximum back-and-forth motion.
[0018]
Handpiece 100 includes a body portion 150 that houses internal working components including, but not limited to, transducer 120 and horn 130. The body portion 150 is designed to engage a switch end cap 200 (FIG. 2) that is rotatably coupled to the body portion 150 as described in detail below. Preferably, the switch end cap 200 is detachably connected to the body portion 150. The body portion 150 has a distal end 152 and an opposite proximal end 154 attached to one end of the cable 22. The body portion 150 can have any number of shapes and is designed to allow a user to easily grasp and easily hold the handpiece 100 in the hand. Preferably, the body portion 150 is generally annular in shape, and in the exemplary embodiment, the handpiece 100 is gripped by the user around the handpiece 100 to rest the thumb and one or more fingers thereon. It has a design with multiple tapered portions that can be. In the illustrated embodiment, the body portion 150 is formed of a metallic material, but it will be understood that the body portion 150 can be formed of a number of materials, including but not limited to plastic materials.
[0019]
At the base end 154, an electrical adapter 156 is provided and is electrically connected to the cable 22 by one or more wires (not shown). Furthermore, the electrical adapter 154 is also electrically connected to other internal components of the handpiece 100 so that power is selectively supplied to the handpiece 100 by the switch mechanism 110 as will be described in detail later. it can. The proximal end 154 is generally an end that is closed by a cable 22 disposed therein, while the distal end 152 is an end that is at least partially open. The horn 130 extends in the direction of the tip portion 152, and the tip 132 of the horn 130 extends from the tip portion 152 of the handpiece 100. Further, the tip 132 has a stud 456 or similar member extending outwardly therefrom. Preferably, the stud 456 has a threaded stud and is designed to engage the instrument 30 in a threaded manner to secure the instrument 30 and the handpiece 100. The instrument 30 has an insulating sheath 34 disposed around the blade portion 32 along with the blade portion (FIG. 5). Further, the blade portion 32 has an exposed blade tip 36 that extends from the insulating sheath 34 and can be used for contacting and cutting tissue or the like. The insulating sheath 34 is made of any number of suitable insulating materials, and in one example embodiment is made of a plastic material.
[0020]
At the tip 152, the body portion 150 has a reduced diameter to form a flange member 160 (FIG. 3). The flange member 160 has a cavity 162 in which a horn 130 extends. In the illustrated embodiment, the flange member 160 has an annular shape, extends to a position immediately before the tip 132 of the horn 130, and a part of the horn 130 including the tip 132 extends from the end of the flange member 160. It is extended. A shoulder 164 is formed where the flange member 160 extends from the remaining portion of the main body portion 150. The outer surface portion 166 of the flange member 160 can have one or more ridges 166, indicated schematically by the reference numeral 168, which extend in a ring around the outer surface portion 166. ing. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, two ridges 168 exist in the form of threaded portions that are spaced apart from each other, and the outer surface portion 166 has an annular shape, so that each ridge 168. Has an annular threaded portion. It will be understood that the outer surface 166 is configured to complementarily engage the switch end cap 200.
[0021]
As best shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the body portion 150 further includes a first conductive finger element 170 disposed around the horn 130 in the cavity 162. In the exemplary embodiment, the first conductive finger element 170 is an annular ring-shaped member formed by a plurality of fingers 171 arranged radially around the horn 130. Each finger 171 of this conductive finger element 170 has a first portion 172 connected in series and a second portion 174 constituting the free end of each finger 171. This free second end 174 electrically engages another conductive member when the handpiece 100 is assembled, as will be described in detail later. Preferably, the second end 174 bends at several locations, generally takes a zigzag shape, and is flexible enough to allow each finger 171 to bend with a constant applied force. It will be understood that a single finger 171 can be provided instead of having a plurality of fingers 171.
[0022]
At the proximal end of the first portion 172, each finger 171 is connected to a conductive base ring, indicated schematically by the reference numeral 176, which base ring 176 conducts between all fingers 171. Forming a sex pathway. In addition, the first conductive base ring 176 is also used to properly position and position the first conductive finger element 170 in the body portion 150, more specifically in the cavity 162. ing. This first conductive base ring 176 is fixed in the body portion 150 and uses one or more spacers 178 disposed between the body portion 150 in the cavity 162 and the ring 176. Is electrically insulated from the conductive body portion 150. Due to the annular shape of body portion 150 and horn 130, the one or more spacers -178 are disposed between each finger 171 and the conductive body portion 150 in the form of a generally insulating ring structure. . In general, the one or more spacers -178 are formed of any number of suitable plastic or elastic materials. Further, the first conductive finger element 170 is also spaced apart from the horn 130 formed of a conductive material such as metal by a certain and sufficient distance. Another part will not contact the horn 130 during assembly of the handpiece 100. By arranging the one or more spacers 178 between each finger 171 and the main body portion 150, each spacer 178 slightly pushes each finger 171 inward from the conductive inner surface portion 151 of the main body portion 150. Act on.
[0023]
As already described with respect to FIG. 3, the cable 22 acts to provide power to the handpiece, and in response, the first conductive finger element 170 may include one or more wires (not shown). ) To the electrical adapter 156, the wire extending along the length of the body portion 150 from the electrical adapter 156 to the first conductive finger element 170. Although it is understood that the main body portion 150 itself acts as an electrical path or wire because the main body portion 150 is electrically connected to the cable 22, this will be described in detail later. To do.
[0024]
As best shown in FIGS. 4-7, the switch end cap 200 engages the body portion 150 so that the switch end cap 200 is in operation of the handpiece 100 during operation of the handpiece 100. It can be freely rotated around the body portion 150. The switch end cap 200 is formed by an outer shell portion 201 having a distal end portion 202 and an opposite proximal end portion 204, and the proximal end portion 204 of the switch end cap 200 is the distal end portion of the main body portion 150. 152 is received and engaged thereto (FIG. 4). The outer shell portion 201 has an outer surface portion 206 (FIG. 6), and the outer surface portion 206 has an outer shape that can be gripped and held by a user during operation of the handpiece 100. The proximal end 204 of the outer shell 201 is essentially in the form of a ring, and this exemplary outer shell 201 is slightly inwardly tapered and has a switch portion 210 (near its distal end 202). FIG. 4) is formed. This slightly tapered portion forms a finger-shaped recess and is used during connection of the switch end cap 200 to the body portion 150 or during rotational movement of the switch end cap 200 relative to the body portion 150. A person's finger can easily grasp and hold the outer shell 201.
[0025]
In fact, the switch portion 210 is a pair of finger portions having a pair of opposing outer shapes schematically indicated by 212 (FIG. 1) and a pair schematically indicated by 214 (FIG. 6). Are formed by opposing concave button portions. Preferably, one finger portion 212 is formed about 180 ° away from the other finger portion 212 and one concave button portion 214 is formed about 180 ° away from the other button portion 214. . The holding and rotating operation of the outer shell 201 can be performed by placing a thumb on one finger portion 212 and placing another finger, for example, the middle finger on the other finger portion 212. This allows the index finger to rest on one of the button portions 214. Each button portion 214 is slightly tapered with respect to the proximal end 204, but the tapered portion to form each finger portion 212 is relative to a rest position corresponding to the thumb and one or more other fingers. It can be seen more clearly that
[0026]
Outer shell 201 is at least partially open at both its distal end 202 and proximal end 204 with a bore 220 through it (FIG. 4). The bore 220 has a size for receiving the first conductive member 230. By disposing the conductive member 230 in the bore 220 in this manner, the first conductive member 230 is switched. It can be fixedly placed in the end cap 200. In this exemplary embodiment, the first conductive member 230 is constituted by a cylindrical member made of a suitable conductive material such as metal. The first conductive member 230 extends along a certain length in the outer shell portion 201 from a position near the distal end portion 202 to a position near the proximal end portion 204. Preferably, the diameter of the opening in the tip portion 202 is substantially the same as the diameter of the conductive member 230, and is axially aligned with the conductive member 230 so that the inside of the conductive member 230 can be accessed. Thus, the inside of the conductive member 230 can be cleaned.
[0027]
As best shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a seal member 240 is disposed at the end of the conductive member 230 at the tip 202. More specifically, the seal member 240 is held in a groove formed in the outer shell 201 adjacent to the conductive member 230. Preferably, the seal member 240 is made of silicon. As will be described in detail later, the sheave member 240 is designed to prevent unwanted foreign matter from entering the conductive member 230. When the switch end cap 200 is engaged with the handpiece body portion 150, the above (surgical) instrument 30 extends into the conductive member 230 and forms at the distal end 202 of the switch end cap 200. It extends from the opening. Accordingly, the instrument penetrates the seal member 240. Furthermore, due to the elastic nature of the seal member 240, the seal member 240 engages the sheath portion 34 of the instrument 30 to form a seal therebetween. As a result, any material that may enter during the surgical operation is limited by the seal member 240, so that the seal prevents foreign matter from entering through the opening formed in the distal end portion 202 of the outer shell portion 201. To do.
[0028]
As best shown in FIG. 6, in the vicinity of the proximal end 204, the switch end cap 200 has an annular platform 250 that is preferably concentric with the conductive member 230. The bore 220 is formed in the annular platform 250. More specifically, since the bore 220 starts at the annular platform 250, the annular platform 250 is at its central portion. It has an opening formed. The annular platform 250 extends radially inward toward the base end portion 204 and extends away from another annular surface portion 252 extending into the inner surface portion 203 of the outer shell portion 201. Exist. Since the annular platform 250 preferably has a diameter smaller than the diameter defined by the inner surface portion 203 of the outer shell portion 201, a gap 254 is formed between the annular platform 250 and the inner surface portion 203 of the outer shell portion 201. Has been. Accordingly, the annular platform 250 can be considered as a spacer member. The conductive member 230 has a fixed length such that a part of the conductive member 230 extends from the annular platform 250 into a cavity formed in the inner surface 203 of the outer shell 201 at the base end 204. Have Further, the inner diameter of the outer shell portion 201 near the base end portion 204 can be slightly changed by one or more lip portions 258 formed on the inner surface portion 203 of the outer shell portion 201. These one or more lip portions 258 act to form an engaging surface portion on the handpiece 100 when the handpiece body portion 150 is coupled to the switch end cap 200.
[0029]
As best shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the switch end cap 200 also includes a pair of switch button members 270, which are in a button portion 214 formed in the outer shell 201. It is detachably fixed. Each switch button member 270 has a top surface 272 and a flange 274 supported against a retainer 275 formed as part of the outer shell 201. The flange 274 is sealed by a cage 275 to prevent any foreign matter or the like from entering the electronic switch component of the switch mechanism 110. Preferably, the retainer 275 is attached to the outer shell 201 by conventional techniques including a snap-fit structure. Further, the first post 276 and the second post 278 are arranged apart from each other by an intermediate lateral wall portion 280 formed therebetween. The upper surface portion 272 includes a first upstanding portion 282 and a second upstanding portion 284 spaced apart from the first upstanding portion 282, and an intermediate recess 286 is formed therebetween. Accordingly, the upper surface portion 272 is slightly beveled as the switch button member 270 transitions from the intermediate recess 286 to the first raised portions 282 and the second raised portions 284. In the illustrated embodiment, the first post 276 is disposed generally lower than the first upstanding portion 282 and the second post 278 is disposed generally lower than the second upstanding member 284 so that the user When the first standing portion 282 is pushed downward, the first post 276 moves downward. Similarly, when the user pushes the second upright portion 284 downward, the second post 278 moves downward.
[0030]
The switch button member 270 is each designed to act as a pushable switch button to selectively activate the handpiece 100 as described in detail below. These switch button members 270 are made of a suitable material such as a plastic material, and preferably, these switch button members 270 are made of an elastic plastic material. In an exemplary embodiment, each switch button member 270 is formed of silicon, which allows the members to be sufficiently elastic, with each member being associated with each button portion 214. It can be fitted and secured within and can provide an engagement surface corresponding to a finger or thumb during operation of the handpiece 100. In one example of an aspect of the present invention, the outer shape of the switch button member 270 allows the fingertip to easily rest between the first raised portion 282 and the second raised portion 284. In other words, the fingertip can be supported and stopped in the intermediate recess 286 without operating the switch mechanism 110. Since each switch button member 270 is disposed within each button portion 214, the switch button portions 270 are spaced apart from each other by approximately 180 °. The recess 286 is also advantageous in that it provides a place for the user to rest his / her finger during operation of the switch button member 270 without accidentally activating each switch button member 270. This can be done because the recess 286 is located above the pivot position of each switch / button member 270.
[0031]
The switch end cap 200 further includes a pair of printed circuit boards (PCBs) 290 that form part of the electronic switch mechanism 110. These PCBs 290 are disposed in the outer shell portion 201, and each PCB 290 is disposed between the conductive member 230 and the switch / button member 270. These PCBs 290 extend longitudinally with respect to an axis passing through a bore 220 formed in the switch end cap 200. The distal end portion 292 of each PCB 290 is disposed nearer the proximal end side than the seal member 240 in the vicinity of the distal end portion 202 of the switch end cap 200. Each PCB 290 has a proximal end 294 on the opposite side of its distal end 292. It will be appreciated that instead of using these PCBs 290, other suitable electronic components such as flexible circuit components known as "flexprints" can be used.
[0032]
A pair of fasteners 300 act to electrically connect each PCB 290 to the conductive member 230. More specifically, since the PCB 290 is electrically connected to the conductive member 230, one side of the switch circuit according to the present invention is defined by the conductive member 230. The pair of fasteners 300 penetrates through openings (not shown) formed in the PCBs 290 to make a desired electrical connection between the PCBs 290 and the conductive member 230.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 5, the pair of fasteners 300 is disposed below the intermediate lateral wall portion 280. Each button portion 214 formed in the outer shell portion 201 is formed in the button portion 214 to receive the first post 276 and the second post 278 of the switch button member 270 to each other. It has openings that are spaced apart. The exemplary switch mechanism 110 described above is known as a rocker type switch mechanism, and according to an example embodiment, two switch button members 270 partially form the switch mechanism 110. is doing. Each switch button member 270 has two switch sets. For example, the first raised portion 282 and the first post 276 are associated with a first switch set, and the second raised portion 284 and the second post 278 are associated with a second switch set. Yes. Preferably, the first switch set of one switch button member 270 is the same as the first switch set of the other switch button member 270 located about 180 ° therefrom. In an exemplary embodiment, the first switch set is for maximum power setting and the second switch set is for minimum power setting (or for power setting smaller than the maximum setting). The reverse design in which the first switch set can be designed to transmit the minimum power to the handpiece 100 and the second switch set can be designed to transmit the maximum power to the handpiece 100 is the same. I can say.
[0034]
Each PCB 290 described above can also be designed to provide a circuit with two different switch sets. If each PCB 290 accommodates a circuit that can supply a signal to the generator or the like according to the switch / button member 270 touched by the user and supply at least two different types of power to the handpiece 100, It will be understood that any number of PCBs 290 can be used in the practice of the present invention. An example of a preferred type of PCB 290 is a dome switch type PCB 290, where the first signal (eg, maximum power) is applied when the first dome (not shown) is crushed under a certain force. Signal) to form a portion of the PCB 290. The dome-switch type PCB 290 further includes a second dome (not shown), and the second dome is subjected to a second signal (for example, a minimum power signal) when a certain force is applied and is crushed. It is formed as a part of PCB 290 for generating It will be understood that the switch mechanism 110 of the present invention is not limited to generating a signal for controlling the power supply to the handpiece 100. That is, the switch mechanism 110 described above can be used to generate signals that control other functions of the handpiece 100. For example, such control signals can be used to selectively control console functions including, but not limited to, standby functions, diagnostic functions, and functions for switching the console 20 on and off.
[0035]
The first dome is disposed below the first post 276, and when the user presses the first raised portion 282, the switch button member 270 pivots about the fastener 300 to The first post 276 moves down through each opening formed in the button portion 214 until the post 276 contacts the PCB 290. More specifically, the first post 276 contacts the first dome of the PCB 290 and the first dome is collapsed. When the first dome is crushed, current flows in the first direction through the PCB 290 and the entire switch mechanism 110. On the other hand, when the user pushes the second upright portion 284, the second post 278 contacts and crushes the second dome, and the current passes through the PCB 290 and the entire switch mechanism 110 to the opposite second. Flow in the direction. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the use of the dome-type mechanism described above, and that any mechanism that operates by closing other normally open switches can be used in the practice of the present invention. Also, the action of crushing the dome is only one example of closing a normally open switch.
[0036]
As best shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the switch end cap 200 further includes a second conductive finger element 310 disposed around the proximal end of the conductive member 230. In this exemplary embodiment, the second conductive finger element 310 is an annular ring-shaped member formed by a plurality of fingers 311 arranged radially around the conductive member 230. Each finger 311 of the conductive finger member 310 has a first portion 312 electrically connected to one of the PCBs 290 and a second portion 314 connected in series constituting the free end of the finger 311. have. This free second portion 314 makes electrical contact to another conductive member when assembling the handpiece 100 as will be described in detail later. Preferably, this second portion 314 is bent in several portions so as to have a generally zigzag shape. The first conductive finger element 170 and the second conductive finger element 310 can be formed of any number of suitable conductive materials.
[0037]
Between the first part 312 and the second part 314, each finger 311 is connected to a conductive base ring, schematically indicated by reference numeral 316, which base ring 316 is connected to all fingers 311. A conductive path is formed between them (FIG. 6). The conductive base ring 316 is also used to properly position and position the conductive finger elements 310 in the switch end cap 200. Preferably, the annular platform 250 includes a plurality of radially spaced tabs (not shown) that are conductive fingers by inserting the conductive base ring 316 below the tabs. Holding the element 310, the second portion 314 of each finger 311 is positioned between adjacent tabs and acts to extend from these tabs. By securing the conductive finger element 310 within the annular platform 250, the second portion 314 of the plurality of fingers 311 can be manipulated and moved in a direction that generally approximates or moves away from the conductive member 230. The number of fingers 311 can vary depending on the exact application, and in one example embodiment, the conductive finger member 310 has six fingers 311. These fingers 311 also include a mechanism for releasably holding the switch end cap 200 against the flange 160. When the switch end cap 200 is engaged with the handpiece body portion 150, each finger 311 bends inward due to engagement with the inner surface portion of the body portion 150. As each finger 311 is bent inward in this manner, each finger 311 supplies an outward biasing force to the flange 160, and a holding force is generated between the switch end cap 200 and the main body portion 150. . It is important that the conductive finger element 310 does not contact the conductive member 230 because the conductive finger element 310 partially forms an electrical path for the handpiece 100. It will be appreciated that the switch end cap 200 preferably includes a number of additional spacer members that act to further insulate the conductive members in the switch end cap 200, ie, the elements 310 and 230. I think.
[0038]
All conductor members used in the surgical device 10 (FIG. 1) of the various embodiments are formed of any number of suitable conductive materials. In one example embodiment, these conductive materials are made of stainless steel, gold-plated copper, beryllium-copper, titanium nitride, or conductive plastics that help to reduce the tendency to corrode due to strong cleaning solutions or autoclaving. Is formed.
[0039]
Next, assembly and operation of the handpiece 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. Switch end cap 200 is removably attached to handpiece body portion 150 by aligning stud 456 and horn 130 inside conductive member 230. After aligning stud 456 and horn 130 with the bore formed in conductive member 230, switch end cap 200 is engaged with flange member 160 so that switch end cap 200 surrounds body portion 150. When properly fitted, the stud 456 and a part of the horn 130 are arranged inside the conductive member 230. However, the stud 456 and the horn 130 do not contact the conductive member 230 when the switch end cap 200 is attached to the body portion 150. The base end portion 204 of the switch end cap 200 is supported on or relative to the portion closer to the base end than the shoulder 164. A stop member 391 formed in the switch end cap 200 engages with the tip 152 of the body portion 150 to provide a stop that limits further movement of the switch end cap 200.
[0040]
Since the stud 456 and a portion of the horn 130 are disposed at the proximal end of the conductive member 230, the (surgical) instrument 30 secures the instrument 30 to the stud 456 by switching the switch end end. It is fixed in the cap 200. More specifically, the instrument 30 preferably has a threaded hole at the end opposite the blade tip (FIG. 3). Preferably, the instrument 30 is attached to the stud 456 by securing the instrument 30 to the stud 456 by threadingly engaging the above threaded holes with the stud 456. The instrument 30 can be easily removed for cleaning or replacement by simply twisting the instrument 30 in one direction until the instrument 30 is disengaged from the stud 456. When the instrument 30 is fixed to the stud 456, the insulating sheath 34 of the instrument 30 contacts the seal member 240 to form a seal, so that unnecessary foreign matter enters inside through the opening formed in the distal end portion 202. Intrusion can be prevented. Due to the elastic nature of the seal member 240, the seal member 240 matches the blade shape and the elastic nature of the insulating sheath 34 forms a more effective seal.
[0041]
According to another aspect of the present invention, the first conductive finger element 170 and the second conductive finger element 310 provide power to the switch mechanism 110 and handpiece 100 of the switch end cap 200. An electrical path is formed with the cable 22 supplying the means for the above. As best shown in FIG. 7, when the switch end cap 200 is attached to the body portion 150, each finger 171 of the first conductive finger element 170 has a first conductivity of the switch end cap 200. The member 230 contacts the outer surface portion 231 and receives a biasing force thereto. This occurs because the first conductive member 230 is disposed between each finger 171 and the horn 130 when the switch end cap 200 is attached. Due to the conductivity of both the conductive member 230 and each finger 171, an electrical path is formed between each PCB and the cable 22. This electrical connection connects one side of the circuit of the switch mechanism 110 when one of the switch button members 270 is pushed to allow current to flow through the corresponding PCB 290 to collapse one of the domes. Acts to complete. When the user releases either the first raised portion 282 or the second raised portion 284 (which the user has already pushed), the dome expands and the electrical path is interrupted, thereby causing the switch mechanism 110 to be interrupted. Current flow through is interrupted. As a result, power supply to the handpiece 100 is stopped. It will be understood that the switch mechanism 110 described above can include only a single button member 270.
[0042]
In the above, the switch mechanism 110 has been schematically described as a normally open switch assembly in which a certain mechanism (such as one or more domes) is activated to close the switch. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the switch mechanism 110 can be a normally closed switch assembly. In such an embodiment, pressing one of the portions 282, 284 opens one of the switches and does not close as in the other embodiments. Since the dual type switch mechanism 110 has a current flow in the first direction and the second direction opposite to the first direction, a current flows only in a single direction by opening one of the switches. In such an embodiment, the generator or the like has a detection mechanism such as a detection circuit, and this mechanism detects the current flowing in the unidirectional direction, and this is detected by the portions 282 and 284. Designed to be equal to one activation.
[0043]
Thus, a first electrical path is identified by each PCB 290, fastener 300, conductive member 230, fingers 171 and one or more wires that electrically connect these fingers 171 to the cable 22. In other words, the connection between each finger 171 and the conductive member 230 acts to electrically bridge the main body portion 150 and the switch mechanism 110 together. That is, current flows through cable 22 and then reaches first finger element 170 via one or more wires. Thereafter, when the switch mechanism 110 is actuated by one of the switch / button members 270, a current flows into the switch / mechanism 110 by the electrical connection between the fingers 171 and the conductive member 230.
[0044]
In a similar manner, each finger 311 of the second conductive finger element 300 contacts the body portion 150 of the handpiece 100 and receives a biasing force thereto. Since the main body portion 150 in this embodiment is formed of a conductive member and is electrically connected to one or more wires of the cable 22, the main body portion 150 is used to complete the circuit of the switch mechanism 110. It is comprised with the electroconductive member which can be used. Each finger 311 is sufficiently spaced from the conductive member 230, so that when the switch end cap 200 is attached to the body portion 150, the finger 117 is actually disposed between the finger 311 and the conductive member 230. The
[0045]
The elastic nature of the second portion 314 of each finger 311 allows the fingers 311 to contact the body portion 150 and bend inward or outward relative to the body portion 150 when the switch end cap 200 is installed. become. In addition, since the first portion 312 of each finger 311 is electrically connected to each PCB 290, the contact between the second end 314 and the main body portion 150 completes the circuit of the switch mechanism 110. , Allowing current to flow through the body portion 150 and the second conductive finger element 310 when the switch mechanism 110 is activated. In other words, each PCB 290, second conductive finger element 310 and body portion 150 described above form and define a second current path.
[0046]
The switch mechanism 110 can be considered as a mechanism including four switches each having a diode in series. More specifically, the first raised portion 282 of one switch button member 270 corresponds to the first forward switch, and the second raised portion 284 of the one switch button member 270 is the first rear portion. The first raised portion 282 of the other switch button member 270 corresponds to the second forward switch, and the second raised portion 284 of the other switch button member 270 corresponds to the second rear switch. Equivalent to. It will be understood that the front switch and the rear switch have diodes in series with each other. Preferably, each of the first front switch and the second front switch has the same diode orientation, and the first rear switch and the second rear switch have the same and opposite diode orientation. ing. The polarity of this diode depends on whether it is a component in the front switch or the rear switch. When the user presses one of the first upstanding portions 282, the corresponding first or second front switch is activated by the collapse of the associated PCB dome by the force applied by one of the first posts 276. To do. This causes current to flow through the handpiece 100 in the first direction. When the user presses one of the second upstanding portions 284, the corresponding first or second rear switch is crushed by the force applied by one of the second posts 278. It operates by. This causes current to flow through the handpiece 100 in the second direction. Therefore, in this embodiment, four domes are formed as parts of the PCB 290, and two domes are formed in each PCB 290.
[0047]
The handpiece 100 can be designed such that the forward switch includes a maximum output switch with a forward diode that sends a signal for maximum power supply to the handpiece 100 for maximum vibration of the instrument 30. In this embodiment, the rear switch comprises a minimum output switch with a rear diode that sends a signal for minimum power supply to the handpiece 100 for minimum vibration of the instrument 30. The generator is programmed such that when one of the forward switches senses or detects the current in the first direction, the generator supplies a maximum output to the handpiece 100; The generator is designed to provide a minimum output to the handpiece 100 when a current in the direction is sensed. Also, if one of the front switch and one of the rear switch are accidentally pressed simultaneously, the generator continuously senses current in the first direction and the second direction. When sensing current in the opposite direction, the generator is programmed to stop supplying power to the handpiece 100 until the condition is commutated. Preferably, an error or warning message also appears on the liquid crystal display device 20.
[0048]
Importantly, each finger 171 of the first conductive finger element 170 and each finger 311 of the second conductive finger element 310 do not contact each other during operation of the handpiece 100. When one of the fingers 171 comes into contact with one of the fingers 311, an electrical path crosses over, so that an electrical short circuit is likely to occur. Further, if an electrical short is present in handpiece 100, the generator senses current in the first direction and the second direction so that the generator stops supplying power to handpiece 100 and optionally Cause certain types of error or warning messages.
[0049]
In another aspect of the invention, the switch end cap 200 is a handpiece without disrupting the electrical connection formed between the cable 22 housed in the outer shell 201 and the switch mechanism 110. Rotates freely around the body portion 150. The one or more raised portions 168 formed on the flange member 160 form an annular surface portion corresponding to the inner surface portion of the switch end cap 200, and the switch end cap 200 is formed on the body portion 150. It moves along the tip 154 as it rotates freely around it. Since switch end cap 200 and body portion 150 are advantageously electrically connected by respective rotatable first conductive finger elements 170 and second respective conductive finger elements 310, these The switch end cap 200 and the body portion 150 are free to rotate with respect to each other without interrupting the flow of current in the handpiece 100. Since the second portions 174, 314 of each finger 171, 311 are sufficiently biased against the corresponding complementary conductive surface portions, respectively, these second portions 174, 314 are It slides in the direction of rotation along each conductive surface portion. Accordingly, the switch end cap 200 rotates about the body portion 150 to a desired position and continues electrical transmission to the body portion 150 and the generator regardless of the position of the switch end cap 200. Can be maintained. Because most blades 30 are asymmetric in nature, the surgeon may choose to change the relative position of each switch button member 270 relative to the instrument or blade 30 held in place within the handpiece 100. This is possible with each finger element 170, 310.
[0050]
Each of the above embodiments of the present invention eliminates deficiencies in conventional surgical devices by means for providing electrical communication between the switch and another electrical handpiece component without requiring excessive wiring. To do. This allows the switch end cap 200 to be easily separated from the body portion 150 for cleaning and other purposes. For example, the above design allows easy inspection of each member that provides electrical communication between the switch end cap 200 and the body portion 150. Therefore, the integrity of each of the first conductive finger elements 170 and each second conductive finger element 310 can be examined at any time to ensure that they are maintained within their operating conditions. Also, if either switch end cap 200 or handpiece 150 needs to be replaced or repaired, these two parts can be separated quickly and easily for replacement or repair. This also allows it to continue in a manner that does not interfere with the surgical procedure.
[0051]
In addition, the switch end cap 200 described above places the two switch button members 270 about 180 ° apart from each other to provide a preferred orientation so that the user (surgeon) can attach the handpiece 100 to the switch end cap 200. It is ergonomically designed in that it allows easy contact with both switch button members 270 while being held by the user. By arranging each of the switch button members 270 at two or more locations, the user can easily and quickly operate one switch button member 270 that is closest to the activation finger. In other words, during a typical manual operation of the switch end cap 200, the thumb and one or more other fingers are positioned approximately 180 degrees apart from each other, which is the two switch button members 270. It becomes stable to compensate for the arrangement. The 180 ° orientation allows the user to contact and engage one of these switch button members 270 when each switch button member 270 is placed in multiple locations, such as three. There is also an operational advantage in that it is difficult to grasp the surgical device 10 without any possibility. That is, in the design of the present invention, the 180 ° orientation provides a constant grip area for each switch button member 270 that the user does not touch when the user is holding the device 10. Also, other design features such as, for example, the opposing outer shape finger portions 212 also provide a relatively good feel to the switch end cap 200 and facilitate the user to switch end cap 200. Designed to grip and rotate.
[0052]
Accordingly, the present invention provides a surgical handpiece 100 in which the switch end cap 200 can be freely rotated about the handpiece body portion 150 while maintaining an electrical connection. The switch mechanism 110 of the end cap 200 is electrically connected to the handpiece body portion 150.
[0053]
In the above, the present invention has been described as a freely rotatable system, but it is also included in the scope of the present invention that only the handpiece 100 is partially rotatable or not rotatable. In such a case, a number of stop members or detents (not shown) are incorporated into the structure of the handpiece 100 and only the switch end cap 200 is partially with respect to the handpiece body portion 150. Can rotate. Therefore, the degree of this rotation can be selected by the manufacturing method and the stop member or detent arranged following the manufacturing method. In another embodiment, the detent may be formed such that the switch end cap 200 rotates incrementally in a ratchet manner. In addition, these detents are formed to provide this ratcheting action, and complementary engagement features are also formed. The handpiece 100 can also be designed to provide a specifiable rotation in which the rotation of the switch end cap 200 is specified relative to the instrument 30. For example, the instrument 30 can be designed so that the instrument 30 always takes a certain orientation when fixed to the horn 130. For example, the instrument 30 can assume a north-south (vertical) orientation. By using a detent or the like, the switch end cap 200 is initially in a predetermined first position, and the rotation of the switch end cap 200 causes the switch end cap 200 to be, for example, 90 The rotation of the switch end cap 200 can be specified so as to rotate at a predetermined increase amount which is an increase amount of °. This makes it possible to provide the most preferred arrangement of the switch end cap 200 with the specified rotation system described above.
[0054]
This patent application broadly discloses a method for rotating between the switch end cap 200 and the handpiece body portion 150, wherein a predetermined number of conductive paths are formed by engaging electrical conductors. Is understood. Each pair of these engaging electrical conductors is designed to carry an independent electrical signal.
[0055]
In another embodiment in FIGS. 1-8, the apparatus of the present invention includes a debris blocking connection between the handpiece body portion 150 and the switch end cap 200. In each of the embodiments already described with respect to FIGS. 1-8, the electrically conductive structure of the two electrically conductive members engaging each other in a manner that allows rotation between the two electrically conductive members. It is formed between. In order to form an uninterrupted conductive structure straddling between these two members, it is desirable that these two conductive members be appropriately free of residues such as oxides and hard water precipitates. It is also desirable to eliminate the need for such contact conditions, as extremely clean contact conditions require proper cleaning and care.
[0056]
An example of a method of providing an effective electrical conduction structure between the two conductive members uses a sharp needle-like or pin-like contact member (eg, finger portions 174, 314) that is optionally spring loaded. It is to be. This sharp point at the end of the contact member increases the contact force of a few pounds per square inch (PSI) to allow the permeation of the oxide and debris. These contact members can either be provided with a conductive grit material on the surface of these contact members such that the contact members have a rough grit-like appearance, or the surface of the contact members can be modified. It can also have a grit-like surface. By roughening the surface of these contact members or placing a grit-like material on the surface, the contact members can scrape any oxide residue or other debris relatively well. . The rotation of the switch assembly wipes away this contact member, further improving contact integrity. Another method is to supply a continually (or ongoing) relatively high voltage (DC or AC) to the conductive fingers 171, 311 to break any oxide barrier. This is particularly useful in the case of pointed fingers, as the electric field becomes higher as it is applied to a relatively confined space. Yet another method is to use a relatively high frequency AC (alternating current) rather than DC (direct current) to evaluate the switch state. Any oxide / residue present will itself act as an insulator, forming a capacitor that the AC coupling member will straddle.
[0057]
Next, another method is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, an insulator, schematically indicated by reference numeral 1005 in the form of a thin coating, is applied to the conductive members 1000, 1010 to form an electrostatic coupling of the opposing members 1020, 1030. In an exemplary embodiment, the coating 1005 has a thickness of about 0.0001 inches (0.0003 cm) to about 0.002 inches (0.005 cm). It will be appreciated that each of the conductive members 1000, 1010, 1020, 1030 may include any number of types of conductive contact structures, including those already described herein with respect to FIGS. I think. For example, the conductive members 1000, 1010, 1020, and 1030 can include conductive rings, fingers, pins, and the like. The conductive member 1000 is conductively engaged with the conductive member 1020, and the conductive member 1010 is engaged with the conductive member 1030. In this exemplary embodiment, conductive members 1020 and 1030 each comprise a conductive finger assembly similar to the assembly previously described herein. An AC signal is used for transmission of these switch states at frequencies sufficiently high to consider conductive members 1000, 1010 with potentially insulating coatings as capacitive coupling to each switch. An exemplary frequency is about 1 KHz to about 200 KHz. In other words, the conductive member 1010, the coating 1005, and the conductive member 1000 form a capacitor, which allows coupling across the AC signal. Note that this AC signal can be used without the presence of the coating 1005, and in the event of mineralization / debris / oxide contamination, close metal contact is not required, so AC Signals allow coupling.
[0058]
In yet another embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, the handpiece 100 includes a mechanism for detecting when the switch end cap 200 is attached to the body portion 150, such as any type of switch A mechanism for identifying whether end cap 200 is attached to body portion 150 is also provided. The transmission of the switch state straddling each engagement type conductive member has already been described in the above embodiments. For example, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first conductive finger element 170 engaged with a conductive member 230 and a second conductive finger element 310 engaged with a body portion 150. is there. While this is an example of a specific embodiment, it will be understood that the present invention broadly teaches a method for transmitting switch signals across the engaging portions of conductive members that are rotatable relative to each other. .
[0059]
Circuits inside the switch end cap 200 (eg, each PCB 290 in FIG. 6) are connected to electrically conductive members 230, 310 disposed within the switch end cap 200. This circuit exhibits a constant impedance or conduction characteristic that can be measured at each conductive member. For example, a constant AC signal (eg, 2 KHz) is generated externally and applied to each conductive member 230, 310 of the switch end cap 200 to evaluate the conduction characteristics in both directions of current flow. . This makes it possible to measure nonlinear and / or polarity dependent conduction and impedance characteristics. Bipolar signals offer certain additional advantages as described below, but unipolar energy can also be implemented.
[0060]
An example of the detection circuit 1040 is shown in FIG. The detection circuit 1040 is formed by a transformer 1042, and the transformer 1042 has a signal supplied from a constant supply source 1049 to the primary winding 1041 of the transformer 1042. These signals have a predetermined pattern and shape, and in an exemplary embodiment, each signal is a square wave or triangular wave pulse. The secondary winding 1043 of the transformer 1042 is connected to conductive members 1045 and 1047 in the body portion 150 that are in electrical communication with each corresponding conductive member (not shown) of the switch end cap 200. Yes. It will be understood that these conductive members 1045 and 1047 can comprise any number of types of conductive contact structures, including those already described herein with respect to FIGS. The transformer 1042 includes signal isolation means for patient safety. The magnitude of the pulse that can be seen at TP1 (indicated by reference numeral 1044), which is the test point, is proportional to the electrical conductivity across each conductive member. These pulses are bipolar, with the positive pulse amplitude proportional to the conductivity in one direction and the negative pulse amplitude proportional to the conductivity in the opposite direction.
[0061]
The signal at TP1 (1044) describes the amount of conduction in each direction across the conductive members 1045 and 1047. This output has both positive and negative pulses. The positive pulse amplitude describes the conductivity in one direction, and the negative pulse amplitude describes the conductivity in the opposite direction. The generator in console 20 (FIG. 1) monitors TP1 (1044), thereby determining the conduction state in each direction of current flow across each conductive member 1045, 1047. An embodiment of a circuit 1100 for use in the switch end cap 200 is shown in FIG. The two switches schematically shown at 1110 and 1120 forming part of the switch mechanism 110 (FIG. 5) are connected to their diodes 1130 and 1140, respectively. One of these switches 1110 and 1120 is connected to the cathodes of the diodes 1130 and 1140, respectively, and the other of the switches 1110 and 1120 is connected to the anodes of the diodes 1130 and 1140. For purposes of illustration only, switch 1110 will be described as being connected to the anode of its diode 1130 and switch 1120 will be described as being connected to the cathode of its diode 1140. One of these switches 1110, 1120 has a diode attached in the opposite direction of the other of the switches 1110, 1120. This method uses two conductors to communicate the state of two switches 1110, 1120 across several sets of rotatable contact members (eg, each rotatable contact member shown in FIGS. 1-7). Enable. In the case where the conventional circuit of FIGS. 9 to 10B is not used, a pair of three contact members is required to transmit the states of the two switches 1110 and 1120. By reducing the number of contact members required to communicate the state of these switches, the switch mechanism is advantageous because it can be designed in a small size to occupy a relatively small space within the handpiece. It is.
[0062]
A constant AC signal is supplied to each conductive member 1051, 1053 of the switch end cap 200. The conduction amount detected in only one direction by a detection mechanism such as the detection circuit 1040 in FIG. 9 indicates that one of the switches 1110 and 1120 is pressed, and the conduction amount detected only in the opposite direction is the switch 1110. , 1120 indicates that the other is pressed.
[0063]
In the above embodiment shown in FIG. 9, a square wave generator supplies a 9 volt peak-to-peak signal to the primary winding 1041 at approximately 2 KHz to measure the current flowing through the transformer 1042 and the voltage across the transformer 1042. As a means for this, a resistor 1061 is provided in series with the primary winding 1041. This voltage is monitored at TP1 (1044).
[0064]
Each conductive member 1045, 1047 has no conductive ability across them (ie, none of the switches in the switch end cap are closed and exists across these members 1045, 1047) The TP1 signal has a relatively large peak positive voltage of about +9 volts and a relatively large peak negative voltage of about −9 volts. This peak voltage decreases according to the degree of conduction being sensed, and the polarity of conduction affects a specific accompanying polarity peak and has virtually no effect on the opposite polarity peak.
[0065]
The open / closed state of the switch 1110 is depicted by the magnitude of one polarity peak voltage. This magnitude is relatively high, for example about 9 volts when the switch is open. Also, this magnitude is relatively low, for example, about 3 volts when switch 110 is closed. The switch 1120 can be applied in the same manner except that the polarity opposite to the above affects. The circuit 1100 monitors the state of the two independent switches 1110, 1120 together with only two conductive members 1051, 1053, instead of using three or more conductive members as required in the conventional form of circuit monitoring. Means are provided. This reduction in conductive members also makes the handpiece more reliable.
[0066]
The debris straddling the conductive members 1045 and 1047 becomes conductive in both directions, and this state can be easily detected by the circuit 1040 and can be used to determine the presence of debris. If conduction is seen in both directions, both positive and negative peaks drop to medium or low magnitude. The generator for monitoring the TP1 (1044) (in the console 20 of FIG. 1) detects the presence of conduction in both directions and recognizes such simultaneous conduction in both directions as an invalid input. . This disables the activation of the handpiece and / or alerts the user to an unfavorable condition. Accordingly, the circuit includes means for preventing accidental activation by a salt solution or blood straddling the conductive members 1045 and 1047.
[0067]
The circuit 1040 also has a further function of detecting the presence of fluid in the handpiece. That is, such fluid bridges the switch circuit in the handpiece and generally produces bipolar conduction across each trace. This effect is the same in the case of a conductive fluid straddling the conductive members 1045 and 1047. This state can be detected by the generator, and the activation is disabled or the user is warned. Thus, it is useful to use the circuit 1040 to detect the presence of fluid in the handpiece independent of the switch circuit.
[0068]
The circuit of FIG. 10A operates a pair of switches 1110 and 1120 as a rocker on one side of the handpiece. The same circuit 1100 'can cause another pair of switches 1110', 1120 'located at different positions on the handpiece to act as rockers spaced 180 degrees apart. Such a circuit 1100 'is shown in FIG. FIG. 10B shows two circuits 1100 that are connected in parallel to each other and can transmit the states of four buttons along two wires by the circuit design of FIG. 10B. More specifically, the two conductive members 1051 and 1051 'are electrically connected in parallel, and the two conductive members 1053 and 1053' are similarly electrically connected in parallel. In this way, any one of the above switches 1110, 1110 ', 1120, 1120' can be monitored by the same detection circuit 1040 shown in FIG. 9 or any other suitable detection design.
[0069]
Another additional advantage of the circuit 1040 is the ability to ignore accidental activation of opposite function switches, such as maximum on one side and minimum on the other. The generator in the console 20 (FIG. 1) considers this input as invalid information, since two-way conduction occurs by pressing the portion of the switch associated with the maximum and minimum functions. This increases operational safety.
[0070]
Another advantage in the configuration of FIG. 10 (a) is the ability of the circuit 1100 to detect resistive shorts caused by debris / fluid straddling each conductive member 1051, 1053, since its conduction is bi-directional. Can be identified by the detection circuit 1040 (FIG. 9). The amount of conductive debris artifacts can be measured when neither switch 1110, 1120 is pressed or when only one of these switches 1110, 1120 is pressed. As shown in FIG. 11, a modification of the circuit 1100 circuit 1100 includes a single diode 1150 that is divided into both switches 1110 and 1120 and is connected to each switch 1110 and 1120 via resistors 1160 and 1161. Is to use. The detection circuit 1040 detects conduction in only one direction when one of the switches 1110 and 1120 is pressed, and the degree of conduction is determined by the resistance value. In an example embodiment, resistor 1161 has a resistance value of 0Ω and resistor 1160 has a resistance value of about 100Ω to 1000Ω. This method is advantageous in that there is no conduction in the opposite direction except when debris is present. Therefore, the amount of artifacts due to debris can always be detected even when both switches are pressed. The resistance of this debris can be used to recalculate the actual resistance connected by the closed switch, improving the ability to identify which switch 1110, 1120 is being pushed regardless of the debris it can.
[0071]
In another embodiment shown in FIG. 12, a resistor 1170 is added across switches 1110 and 1120. By adding this resistor 1170, it is possible to measure the amount of conduction in a single direction, especially when each switch 1110, 1120 is open, and to compare against the expected resistance in that direction, so that the series of conductive members Contact resistance can be determined. In an exemplary embodiment, resistor 1170 has a resistance value of 2KΩ, resistor 1061 has a resistance value of 0Ω, and resistor 1060 has a resistance value of about 100Ω to 1000Ω. is doing. By combining this data with data related to conduction in the reverse direction (debris), it is possible to accurately evaluate the contact state.
[0072]
According to an example embodiment, the same two conductive members 1051, 1053 of the switch end cap 200 are used to detect the presence and type of the switch end cap 200 attached to the handpiece body portion 150. it can. An example of this method shown in FIG. 13 is a method of connecting the resistor 1180 across the conductive members 1051 and 1053 of the switch end cap 200 in the case of the switch end cap 200 including one or more switches. The resistor 1180 may have a resistance value of about 500Ω to about 5000Ω. The presence of this resistor 1180 can be measured to detect the presence of the switched end cap 200. If the non-switched end cap 200 does not have any resistors (or has only resistors with different resistance values), the resistance of the conductive members 1051 and 1053 is, for example, about 1 MΩ (or It is shown that the non-switch type end cap 200 is attached.
[0073]
Therefore, a specific resistance value can be used depending on the type of the switch-type end cap 200 to further identify and identify the various types of each adapter. One limitation in this type of resistance method is that the linear resistance of the debris on each conductive member 1051, 1053 can affect the measurement results. That is, this leads to incorrect identification or at least results in unexpected resistance. An example of a method for dealing with debris-induced errors in the resistance measurement of the switch end cap 200 is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the capacitor 1200 is disposed across the conductive members of the switch end cap 200. A properly selected capacitor 1200 has a constant high impedance at the nominal frequency used during switch interrogation (eg, 2 KHz), but is proportional to (change in) that frequency when higher frequencies are applied. A constant low impedance. Accordingly, various capacitor values (or capacitors in series with a resistor) can be selected to identify a particular type of switch end cap 200. The impedance due to the above debris depends on the resistance, and the impedance due to the capacitor depends on the frequency. Therefore, the detection circuit 1040 (FIG. 9) described above can measure the resistance due to debris at a relatively low frequency and further measure the combined impedance at a relatively high frequency. Therefore, it is possible to prepare for identification regardless of the fragments.
[0074]
A similar method is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, resistor 1210 is used in series with inductor 1220 (or an inductor with a high internal resistance acting as a resistor is used). Since the inductor 1220 has a relatively low impedance at a relatively low frequency, the resistor is disposed across the conductive members 1051 and 1053. Further, at a relatively high frequency, the conduction in the resistor is relatively blocked, and a debris straddling the conductive members 1051 and 1053 can be measured. Therefore, it becomes possible to take into account the resistance of the debris, and the debris cannot easily disturb the identification method by this resistor.
[0075]
As shown in FIG. 16, a resistor 1230 is placed in series with the diode 1100 to deal with the artifact of the debris resistance so that the resistor conducts only in one direction. ing. This allows the detection means to determine the resistance of the debris in one direction of current and the resistance of the combination of debris and identifying resistor in the current in the other direction. As shown in FIG. 17, instead of using a diode in series with the resistor, resistor 1230 can be replaced with a zener diode 1240 that is several volts lower than the peak applied voltage. This zener diode 1240 is out of the circuit in one direction and conducts in the opposite direction in the avalanche voltage, and this phenomenon is detectable. Another method, such as that shown in FIG. 18, is to use a back-to-back zener diode or transorb device 1250 connected across each conductor 1051, 1053. This device 1250 conducts current in both directions when the voltage reaches the avalanche level. This method is useful when space constraints are severe and a single component needs to perform a number of functions such as electrostatic discharge protection and switch end cap 200 identification. Yet another variation shown in FIG. 19 is to use a back-to-back zener diode 1250 as each diode used by each switch 1110, 1120. This further reduces the number of parts. In this embodiment, the Zener device 1250 described above provides switch end cap 200 identification, switch conduction control, and electrostatic discharge protection. FIGS. 20 and 21 show alternative circuit structures for using diode 1260 or zener diode 1270, respectively, to form and identify switch conduction levels.
[0076]
In another embodiment, it allows detection of fluid / debris that is otherwise undetectable. Use of the circuit allows detection of fluid / debris bridging switch contact members or other areas on the circuit board, slip rings, etc. This can be done by monitoring the level of each signal. This fluid / debris detection can be used to alert the user of the condition and / or to lock out use of the handpiece 100. Some reasons for such detection, warning and / or lockout include avoiding the use of contaminated handpiece 100, preventing operation of handpiece 100 in hazardous electrical / mechanical conditions, and the hand Examples include, but are not limited to, prevention of use when the piece 100 is excessively used and is currently in a fatigued state.
[0077]
In many switch devices, including devices started in this specification, each positive and negative peak in the switch signal indicates the open / closed state of each switch. If fluid / debris enters the handpiece 100 and is present on the switch, its conduction is resistive. For example, during a cleaning (eg, autoclave) process, moisture enters and finally condenses as distilled water in the handpiece 100. Such resistive conduction produces a signal between the switch open signal and the switch closed signal. Signals within this “in between” region are detectable and can be used to inform the user of fluid / debris entry, or these signals can be Can be used to deter use.
[0078]
Although the above circuit is suitable for use, other conduction detection circuits can be used in accordance with this embodiment. The central point of this embodiment is to detect unexpected resistive conduction across each circuit and each switch, which indicates a high degree of fluid / debris penetration into undesired areas. . Placing the exposed conductors within a predetermined selected area, including on the printed circuit board or elsewhere in the handpiece 100, is not only for the switch location of the handpiece 100 but also for fluids elsewhere in this handpiece. It can act as a detection means for detection.
[0079]
As schematically shown in FIG. 22, the fluid / debris intrusion detection function can be further enhanced by placing a reactive material 1300 in proximity to the two conductive members 1310, 1320. In this embodiment, each component 1300, 1310, 1320 forms a sensor 1340 for detecting fluid / debris intrusion. Reactive material 1300 has low electrical conductivity when dry, but facilitates conduction when wet or by exposure to other chemical reactions. For example, a salt crystal 1300 or the like can be disposed between two opposingly spaced wires 1310 and 1320. Originally, the salt crystals 1300 are not conductive, but they are reactive, and the water makes these crystals 1300 conductive. The reactive material 1300 can be placed on each surface of the conductive members 1310, 1320, or on a bridge (not shown) that can extend between them. In addition, the reactive material 1300 can be arranged to form a cross-linked material between the conductive materials 1310 and 1320. Such conductivity facilitated when wet is useful in the detection of fluids having a relatively low conductivity, such as water vapor condensate. Thus, in this embodiment, sensor 1340 detects fluid / water vapor intrusion. In the illustrated embodiment, the sensor 1340 is formed of exposed conductive members 1310 and 1320 (eg, wires or switch contact members) that are monitored by electronic circuitry as described above. Accordingly, this sensor 1340 can be incorporated into the switch contact circuit described above.
[0080]
In addition to detecting fluid-induced conduction between switch contact members, other sensors, wire gaps, and the like can be used to detect fluid intrusions elsewhere in the handpiece 100. In other words, the sensor 1340 can be separated from the switch circuit described above and provided elsewhere in the handpiece 100. In this case, the sensor 1340 can be used as the same circuit as that used by the switch by simply connecting to the same contact member as the switch. Alternatively, simply connect sensor 1340 to a controller (eg, the same controller that is connected to the detection circuit described above), and this controller is generated by sensor 1340 containing fluid / debris presence information from sensor 1340. A signal can be detected.
[0081]
The identity of the various (ie, different models or types or functions) switch assemblies attached to the handpiece body portion 150 has already been described such that each variation represents one particular type of switch assembly. It can be determined by using a variation of each circuit. For example, a resistor can be placed across a variable switch for a “type 1” switch assembly and a “type 2” switch assembly, but instead of this resistor Place the instrument across the “full” switch. As a result, the negative peak is affected corresponding to type 1 and the positive peak is affected corresponding to type 2. The conduction detection circuit 1040 (FIG. 9) described above determines which peak is affected by the resistor, thereby determining the type of switch assembly. In addition, various resistor values across a switch can be used for recognition purposes, resulting in different peak voltages, each peak voltage value representing a particular type of switch assembly.
[0082]
When a capacitor is used across the conductive members 1051 and 1053 in the switch assembly, the value corresponding to each capacitor is changed so that each switch assembly has a different capacitor value. By sweeping / changing the frequency used by the detection circuit 1040 (FIG. 9), the detection circuit 1040 can determine the value of the capacitor and conclude the type of switch assembly attached. Another method includes placing a Zener diode across a type 1 identification variable switch and placing a Zener diode across a type 2 identification full switch. It should be understood that each of the embodiments described herein can be applied to other types of devices in which each switch controls other functions of the variable and full wave ultrasonic medical devices. Think.
[0083]
Incorporating the switch button member 270 described above into the handpiece 100 provides a convenient way to operate the handpiece 100. However, there are situations where it is preferable to disable these switch and button members 270. For example, when the handpiece 100 is strongly held from above the button member 270, it is activated by the foot pedal instead. Another example is when the handpiece 100 is placed on a contoured surface portion that can act to push the button member 270 when not in use. Such a button member 270 can be disabled by the “standby” mode of the generator.
[0084]
Another method for disabling button member 270 is by a disable switch (not shown) located remotely from handpiece 100 including a switch on the front panel of the generator console. . In addition, the finger switch and foot pedal can be disabled by placing the generator in standby mode. Disabling the button member 270 by the console front panel can be a tedious process due to the fact that the handpiece 100 is sterile and the console is not sterile, and is touched by the user of the handpiece. It is not practical to perform a disable function on the front panel. Thus, this type of disable operation requires exposing the user to a non-sterile environment. This is contrary to many treatment guidelines.
[0085]
Furthermore, another way to disable the button member 270 is to place another switch (not shown) on the handpiece 100 that acts as a disable function. However, the additional switches in handpiece 100 take up space and increase cost and complexity.
[0086]
According to embodiments disclosed herein, a detection circuit is incorporated into the handpiece system so that the handpiece button member 270 is continuously monitored by a single detection circuit. However, the system can be configured such that the ability of the button member 270 to activate the console output can be disabled. In other words, the user can disable the button member 270 under predetermined conditions. One example of how to accomplish this is to disable the button member 270 by the button member 270 present on the handpiece 100. For example, a unique switch operation sequence can be used, and when the user presses one or more of the button members 270 according to the unique switch operation sequence, these button members 270 are disabled. It will be appreciated that it is necessary that the unique switch operation sequence described above is not an expected sequence during operation use of the handpiece 100 that unintentionally disables the handpiece 100. I think. Similarly, it is necessary to ensure that the above sequence is not a sequence commonly found during random handling of handpieces.
[0087]
Further, the system can be configured to be reactivated by simply pressing one or more of the button members 270 or by pressing one or more of the button members 270 according to a predetermined reactivation pattern. .
[0088]
One embodiment of the above operational sequence takes advantage of the fact that there are two button members 270, such as two rocker switches. Each rocker button member 270 has two raised portions 282, 284, with one activation mode (eg, full operation) represented by one of these raised portions 282, 284, and the other activated. A mode (for example, variable operation) is expressed by the other of the upright portions 282 and 284. In this embodiment, each rocker button member 270 is formed of a hard material, each pivoting about a certain point, thereby preventing both ends thereof from being pressed simultaneously. If the user accidentally depresses one activation mode on one button member 270 and simultaneously depresses another activation mode on another button member 270, the handpiece 100 is disabled. In this case, the opposite activation modes in the respective facing switches are pushed simultaneously (that is, within 0.3 seconds of each other) and kept pressed for a predetermined time. These opposite activation modes are then released immediately (ie, within 0.3 seconds of each other after 0.3 to 0.6 seconds). The monitoring circuit detects this specific sequence (opposite activation modes in opposing switches that are held simultaneously and then released substantially simultaneously with each other) and activated by each button member 270. Disable execution or set the generator to standby mode.
[0089]
In the exemplary embodiment described above, the user can re-enable each button member 270 by using the generator front panel or by repeating (or reversing) a quick finger switch change, or the generator. Can be released from the standby state.
[0090]
In another sequence example, the button member 270 is disabled or reactivated by a single switch sequenced pressing scheme according to a predetermined sequence pattern. For example, the handpiece 100 can be disabled (reactivated) by quickly changing to one mode, the other mode, and then to the one mode. In other words, if the user presses the variable activation mode after pressing the full activation mode on the same button member 270, and finally presses the full activation mode again, the monitor circuit detects this sequenced operation. Then, the handpiece 100 is disabled (reactivated). It should be noted that the above sequence is reversed (ie variable-full-variable) in order for the monitor circuit to disable (reactivate) upon detecting a user sequenced operation, or It will be appreciated that another sequence can be programmed. Moreover, each pressing process is only for a fixed short time (for example, 1 second). Again, the user can re-enable each button member 270 either by a control operation on the front panel of the generator or by repeatedly changing (or reversing) a quick switch press with a finger, or the generator. Can be released from the standby state.
[0091]
Although the rocker type switch disclosed herein has two separate uprights (representing two activation modes), the disabling method is separate on one side. It will be understood that the present invention is equally applicable in the construction of a handpiece having a switch and a separate switch on the opposite side.
[0092]
In another embodiment, the button member 270 is generally an elastic rocker that is pushed at one or the other end. For example, the button member 270 is pushed on either the first upstanding portion 282 or the second upstanding portion 284. Unlike the rigid rocker switch described above, the elastic nature of the rocker button member 270 allows both ends of the button member 270 to be pressed simultaneously. To cause the disable / enable action, both ends of the button member 270 (eg, the raised portions 282, 284) are pushed simultaneously. Therefore, by simultaneously pressing both ends of one button member 270, a disabled state is generated, and the handpiece 100 is disabled. Further, the switch 270 can be re-enabled by pressing both ends in succession simultaneously. In addition, when only one end of the rocker-type button member 270 is pressed at a time, the rocker has a fairly light contact operation, but the rocker pushes both ends simultaneously to close the contact member of the switch. Can be designed to require higher pressure. Thus, the special function that results from pressing both ends simultaneously requires a pressure that is substantially higher than the light pressure for normal use. Thus, the operation of relatively high pressure has the obvious advantage that the tendency to start by chance is reduced, so that the series of switch pressing processes described in the above embodiments can be eliminated.
[0093]
In addition, any of the exemplary disabling techniques described above are typically used selectively to perform other functions that are otherwise accessible only on the console front panel. I think it will be understood. Other functions that can be performed by the button member 270 described above include performing a self-test without the user of the handpiece touching the front panel, changing control settings, or changing other front panel settings. However, it is not limited to these.
[0094]
Furthermore, the handpiece 100 described in FIGS. 1-7 is merely an exemplary device, and the above circuit and detection means were filed on October 20, 2000, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. US patent application Ser. No. 09 / 693,549 entitled “Conductive Finger Adapter Retention to Reduce Number of Conductors” which is commonly assigned. Can be employed in other handpieces such as those disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,057,028, the entire contents of which are filed on October 20, 2000, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. In US patent application Ser. No. 09 / 693,621 entitled “Ultrasonic Surgical System” Shown I think that is preferably used in a surgical system as will be understood.
[0095]
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with respect to preferred embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications in the above-described forms and details depart from the scope and spirit of the invention. I think that it is understood that it can be done without.
[0096]
  Embodiments of the present invention are as follows.
(A) In the detection circuit,
A transformer operably connected in parallel to the primary source, the transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding;
A source for supplying a drive signal to the primary winding of the transformer;
A device operably coupled to the primary winding of the transformer to measure the current passing through the transformer;
A plurality of conductive members connected to the secondary winding of the transformer;
Comprising a test point connected to the primary winding of the transformer;
A detection circuit in which each of the plurality of conductive members communicates with a plurality of corresponding conductive members in the switch end cap.
  (1) The device is a resistorEmbodiment (A)The detection circuit described in 1.
  (2) The detection circuit detects the switch function and the presence and type of the switch end cap.Embodiment (A)The detection circuit described in 1.
  (3) The source generates any one of a square wave and a triangular pulse wave.Embodiment (A)The detection circuit described in 1.
  (4) The transformer is equipped with electrical insulation to ensure patient safetyEmbodiment (A)The detection circuit described in 1.
  (5) The pulse magnitude at the test point is proportional to the electrical conductivity across the plurality of conductive members.Embodiment (A)The detection circuit described in 1.
[0097]
  (6) The pulse is bipolar and has a positive amplitude proportional to the electrical conductivity in one direction of the secondary winding and a negative amplitude proportional to the electrical conductivity in the other direction of the secondary winding The detection circuit according to the embodiment (5) having
  (7) A signal at the test point is conducted in each direction across the plurality of conductive members.Embodiment (A)The detection circuit described in 1.
(B) In the detection circuit for the switch end cap of the handpiece,
A plurality of switches connected in parallel;
A plurality of diodes connected in series to each of the plurality of switches;
A detection circuit in which the diodes are connected in opposite polarities and the circuit detects the presence of excess debris associated with the handpiece.
  (8) In addition, a plurality of conductive members connected to the plurality of diodes and the plurality of switches are provided, and each of the plurality of conductive members is a plurality of corresponding conductive members of the switch end cap. I have contacted eachEmbodiment (B)The detection circuit described in 1.
  (9) Two circuits are connected in parallel so that status information of a large number of buttons in the handpiece can be obtained.Embodiment (B)The detection circuit described in 1.
  (10) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (9) in which the state information of four buttons is obtained.
[0098]
(11) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (10), in which two detection circuits are connected in parallel and two conductive members are connected in parallel.
(12) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (8), further including a resistor connected in parallel to the plurality of conductive members.
(13) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (8), further including a resistor and a device connected in series to the resistor.
(14) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (13), in which the resistor and the device are connected in parallel to the plurality of conductive members.
(15) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (14), wherein the device is one of a capacitor and an inductor.
[0099]
(16) In the embodiment (8), further comprising a device connected in series to one diode from the plurality of diodes, wherein the resistance of the debris is determined in a unidirectional current The detection circuit described.
(17) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (16), wherein the device is any one of a resistor and a Zener diode.
(18) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (8), further comprising a transsorb connected in parallel to the plurality of conductive members.
(19) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (18), wherein the transorb includes a Zener diode connected in a back-to-back manner.
(20) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (8), further including a sensor extremely close to the plurality of conductive members.
(21) The detection circuit according to the embodiment (20), wherein the sensor includes a reactive material.
(22) The detection circuit of embodiment (21), wherein the reactive material facilitates conduction at any one of constant low electrical conductivity when dry and when exposed to moisture and chemical reaction.
[0100]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a detection circuit capable of quickly and easily detecting the state of a switch related to the operation of the apparatus and an improved surgical apparatus including the detection circuit.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a console and handpiece and foot switch for an ultrasonic surgical cutting and hemostasis system according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of an exemplary handpiece and switch end cap.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of the handpiece.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the switch end cap along the longitudinal direction.
5 is a cross-sectional view of the handpiece and switch end cap taken along section line 5-5 of FIG.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a switch end cap at a portion where the outer surface portion is torn off.
7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the electrical connection between the switch end cap and the handpiece body portion along line 7-7 of FIG.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of one exemplary method of electrically connecting conductive members employing a capacitive coupling arrangement between opposing conductive members.
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of one exemplary detection circuit for use in a handpiece assembly.
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 18 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 20 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 21 is a circuit diagram illustrating various embodiments of a circuit for use in a switch end cap according to an example embodiment.
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of a sensor used to detect fluid / debris in a handpiece.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Ultrasonic surgical system
20 console
22 First cable
24 Liquid crystal display device
30 Surgical instruments (blades)
40 foot switch
50 Second cable
100 handpiece
110 Switch mechanism
150 Handpiece body
160 Flange member
200 Switch end cap

Claims (13)

In the detection circuit for the switch end cap of the handpiece,
A plurality of switches connected in parallel;
A plurality of diodes connected in series to each of the plurality of switches, wherein the plurality of diodes are connected in opposite polarities to each other; and
A plurality of conductive members connected to the plurality of diodes and the plurality of switches, each of the plurality of conductive members communicating with a plurality of corresponding conductive members of the switch end cap; A plurality of conductive members;
A transorb connected in parallel to the plurality of conductive members, the transorb comprising a zener diode connected in a back-to-back manner;
Including
The circuit is connected to the circuit along with the open / close state of the plurality of switches or the handpiece based on the conduction amounts in each of positive and negative voltages input to the circuit at both ends of the transorb A detection circuit that detects the presence of excess debris acting as a conductor . The detection circuit according to claim 1,
A resistor connected in parallel to the plurality of conductive members;
A detection circuit. The detection circuit according to claim 1,
A resistor,
A device connected in series to the resistor;
A detection circuit. The detection circuit according to claim 3, wherein
The resistor and the device are detection circuits connected in parallel to the plurality of conductive members. The detection circuit according to claim 4, wherein
The device is a detection circuit which is one of a capacitor and an inductor. In the detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A device connected in series to one of the plurality of diodes;
A detection circuit in which the resistance of the debris is determined in a unidirectional current. The detection circuit according to claim 6, wherein
The detection circuit is one of a resistor and a Zener diode. In the detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The detection circuit further includes a sensor provided very close to the plurality of conductive members. The detection circuit according to claim 8,
The detection circuit, wherein the sensor includes a reactive material. The detection circuit according to claim 9, wherein
A detection circuit, wherein the reactive material has a low electrical conductivity when dry, facilitating conduction in either case of wetness and exposure to chemical reactions. In the detection circuit in any one of Claims 1-10,
A detection circuit in which two circuits are connected in parallel so as to obtain state information of a plurality of buttons in the handpiece. The detection circuit according to claim 11, wherein
A detection circuit capable of obtaining state information of four buttons. The detection circuit according to claim 12, wherein
A detection circuit in which two detection circuits are connected in parallel, and two conductive members are connected in parallel.

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