JP4160069B2 - 反射器を備えた光通信デバイスおよび光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法 - Google Patents
反射器を備えた光通信デバイスおよび光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G02F1/11—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
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- G02F2203/023—Function characteristic reflective total internal reflection
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Description
光通信デバイスの小型化に関する従来技術の1つとして、例えば図6に示すように、複数の機能デバイス部101,102を縦続接続した導波路チップ100について、機能デバイス部101から出力される光をチップ端面に形成した反射器103で折り返して機能デバイス部102に送るようにすることによって、導波路チップ100の全長を短くして小型化を図る技術が知られている。なお、図6には、機能デバイス部101,102の一例として音響光学チューナブルフィルタ(Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter:AOTF)を示したが、AOTF以外の様々な機能デバイス部を縦続接続する場合にも反射器を用いた小型化の技術は有効である。
また、光が伝搬する光学媒体と、該光学媒体の端面に到達した光を反射して光路を折り返す反射器と、を備えた光通信デバイスにおいて、前記反射器は、前記光学媒体内を伝搬する光に対して透明な物質に、金(Au)と化学結合する金属を添加した材料を用いて、前記光学媒体の端面に形成した透明薄膜層と、該透明薄膜層の表面に形成した金(Au)薄膜層と、を有することを特徴とする。
上記のような構成の光通信デバイスでは、金(Au)と化学結合する金属を添加した透明材料を用いて光学媒体の端面に形成した透明薄膜層がAu薄膜層の下地層となる。透明薄膜層は、光学媒体を伝搬する光に対して実質的に透明であるので反射面として機能することはなく、Au薄膜層が光学媒体の端面からの光の反射面となるため、反射器での光の損失が殆ど発生しなくなる。また、透明薄膜層とAu薄膜層の界面付近では、透明薄膜層に添加された金属とAuが化学結合して金属間化合物や全率固溶体などが形成され、その結合力よって透明薄膜層に対するAu薄膜層の付着力が向上するようになる。
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態による光通信デバイスの主要部分の構成を示す平面図である。
図1において、本光通信デバイスは、例えば、光学媒体としての導波路チップ1と、該導波路チップ1の一端面に形成された反射器2と、を備える。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。
Auと全率固溶体を形成する金属としては、例えば、銀(Ag)、白金(Pt)などがあり、これらの金属のうちの少なくとも1つがSiO2に添加される。SiO2に添加される金属の種類および濃度は、第1実施形態の場合と同様に、Au薄膜層22の付着力向上効果と、透明薄膜層21の透過率とを考慮して設定される。
第3実施形態の光通信デバイスは、前述の図1に示した第1実施形態の構成と同様に、導波路チップ1の端面に対して、透明薄膜層21およびAu薄膜層22からなる反射器2を形成したものであって、第1実施形態の構成と相違する点は、透明薄膜層21の材料としてSiO2に添加される金属を、酸化物生成自由エネルギーが−6.3×105ジュール(=−150キロカロリー)以下の金属とした点である。
また、光学基板11に導波路12が形成された導波路チップ1の端面に反射器2が形成される構成例を示したが、例えば図3に示すように、特定の導波路が形成されていない光学媒体1’の端面に反射器2を形成して、光学媒体1’内を前記端面に向けて伝搬する光を、反射器2のAu薄膜層22で反射して伝搬方向を折り返すようにしてもよい。上記のような導波路が形成されていない光学媒体1’の具体例としては、光学結晶や半導体レーザチップ、スラブ導波路基板などがある。
図4は、2段構成の音響光学チューナブルフィルタ(AOTF)に本発明を適用した一例を示す平面図である。
図4において、導波路チップ1には第1機能デバイス部10Aおよび第2機能デバイス部10Bが形成されている。各機能デバイス部10A,10Bは、例えば、LiNbO3基板11に形成されたマッハツェンダ型導波路12A,12Bと、基板11上に弾性表面波(surface acoustic wave:SAW)を発生させる交差指電極(interdigital transducer:IDT)13A,13Bと、各IDT13A,13Bで発生したSAWを導波路12A,12Bに沿って伝搬させるSAWガイド14A,14Bと、を有する。機能デバイス部10Aの出力と機能デバイス部10Bの入力の間を繋ぐ導波路は基板11の一端面で折り返されており、該端面の導波路が位置する付近に透明薄膜層21およびAu薄膜層22からなる反射器2が形成されている。
図5に示した波長選択スイッチの構成例では、第1および第2機能デバイス部10A,10Bの間を接続する導波路だけでなく、図4の構成において未使用ポートとなっていた第1機能デバイス部10Aの出力および第2機能デバイス部10Bの入力にそれぞれ繋がる導波路も基板11の一端面まで伸長され、該端面の各々の導波路が位置する範囲を含むように反射器2が形成されている。また、導波路チップ1の入出力ポートには光サーキュレータ31A,31Bが接続されており、該光サーキュレータ31A,31Bを介して第1および第2機能デバイス部10A,10BにWDM光が入出力される構成となっている。
以上、本明細書で開示した主な発明について以下にまとめる。
前記反射器は、前記光学媒体内を伝搬する光に対して透明な物質に、金(Au)と化学結合する金属を添加した材料を用いて、前記光学媒体の端面に形成した透明薄膜層と、該透明薄膜層の表面に形成した金(Au)薄膜層と、を有することを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記透明薄膜層の材料に添加される金属は、金(Au)と金属間化合物を形成する金属であることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記金(Au)と金属間化合物を形成する金属は、インジウム(In)、スズ(Sn)、亜鉛(Zn)、アルミニウム(Al)、ガリウム(Ga)、水銀(Hg)および鉛(Pb)のうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記透明薄膜層の材料に添加される金属は、金(Au)と全率固溶体を形成する金属であることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記金(Au)と全率固溶体を形成する金属は、銀(Ag)および白金(Pt)のうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記透明薄膜層の材料に添加される金属は、酸化物生成自由エネルギーが−6.3×105ジュール以下の金属であることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記酸化物生成自由エネルギーが−6.3×105ジュール以下の金属は、チタン(Ti)、クロム(Cr)およびモリブデン(Mo)のうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記透明薄膜層の材料として用いられる、前記光学媒体内を伝搬する光に対して透明な物質は、酸化ケイ素(SiO2)および酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)のいずれか1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記光学媒体は、光が伝搬する導波路を形成した光学基板であり、
前記反射器は、前記光学基板の導波路が位置する端面に形成されることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記光学基板は、前記導波路内を伝搬する光に対して所定の処理を施す第1機能デバイス部および第2機能デバイス部を有し、
前記反射器は、前記第1機能デバイス部で処理された光を反射して前記第2機能デバイス部に与えることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記第1および第2機能デバイス部は、音響光学チューナブルフィルタであることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
光学媒体内を伝搬する光に対して透明な物質に、金(Au)と化学結合する金属を添加した材料を用いて、前記光学媒体の端面に形成した透明層と、
該透明層の表面に形成した金(Au)薄膜層と、を有することを特徴とする光通信デバイス。
前記光学媒体内を伝搬する光に対して透明な物質に、金(Au)と化学結合する金属を添加した材料を用いて、前記光学媒体の端面に透明薄膜層を形成し、
該形成した透明薄膜層の表面に金(Au)薄膜層を形成することを特徴とする光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法。
前記透明薄膜層の材料に添加される金属は、金(Au)と金属間化合物を形成する金属であることを特徴とする光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法。
前記金(Au)と金属間化合物を形成する金属は、インジウム(In)、スズ(Sn)、亜鉛(Zn)、アルミニウム(Al)、ガリウム(Ga)、水銀(Hg)および鉛(Pb)のうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法。
前記透明薄膜層の材料に添加される金属は、金(Au)と全率固溶体を形成する金属であることを特徴とする光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法。
前記金(Au)と全率固溶体を形成する金属は、銀(Ag)および白金(Pt)のうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法。
前記透明薄膜層の材料に添加される金属は、酸化物生成自由エネルギーが−6.3×105ジュール以下の金属であることを特徴とする光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法。
前記酸化物生成自由エネルギーが−6.3×105ジュール以下の金属は、チタン(Ti)、クロム(Cr)およびモリブデン(Mo)のうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法。
前記透明薄膜層の材料として用いられる、前記光学媒体内を伝搬する光に対して透明な物質は、酸化ケイ素(SiO2)および酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)のいずれか1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法。
2…反射器
10A,10B…機能デバイス部
11…光学基板
12,12A,12B…導波路
13A,13B…IDT
14A,14B…SAWガイド
21…透明薄膜層
22…Au薄膜層
31A,31B…光サーキュレータ
Claims (10)
- 光が伝搬する光学媒体と、該光学媒体の端面に到達した光を反射して光路を折り返す反射器と、を備えた光通信デバイスにおいて、
前記反射器は、前記光学媒体内を伝搬する光に対して透明な物質に、金(Au)と化学結合する金属を添加した材料を用いて、前記光学媒体の端面に形成した透明薄膜層と、該透明薄膜層の表面に形成した金(Au)薄膜層と、を有することを特徴とする光通信デバイス。 - 請求項1に記載の光通信デバイスであって、
前記透明薄膜層の材料に添加される金属は、金(Au)と金属間化合物を形成する金属であることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。 - 請求項2に記載の光通信デバイスであって、
前記金(Au)と金属間化合物を形成する金属は、インジウム(In)、スズ(Sn)、亜鉛(Zn)、アルミニウム(Al)、ガリウム(Ga)、水銀(Hg)および鉛(Pb)のうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。 - 請求項1に記載の光通信デバイスであって、
前記透明薄膜層の材料に添加される金属は、金(Au)と全率固溶体を形成する金属であることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。 - 請求項1に記載の光通信デバイスであって、
前記透明薄膜層の材料に添加される金属は、酸化物生成自由エネルギーが−6.3×105ジュール以下の金属であることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。 - 請求項5に記載の光通信デバイスであって、
前記酸化物生成自由エネルギーが−6.3×105ジュール以下の金属は、チタン(Ti)、クロム(Cr)およびモリブデン(Mo)のうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。 - 請求項1に記載の光通信デバイスであって、
前記透明薄膜層の材料として用いられる、前記光学媒体内を伝搬する光に対して透明な物質は、酸化ケイ素(SiO2)および酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)のいずれか1つであることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。 - 請求項1に記載の光通信デバイスであって、
前記光学媒体は、光が伝搬する導波路を形成した光学基板であり、
前記反射器は、前記光学基板の導波路が位置する端面に形成されることを特徴とする光通信デバイス。 - 光学媒体内を伝搬する光に対して透明な物質に、金(Au)と化学結合する金属を添加した材料を用いて、前記光学媒体の端面に形成した透明層と、
該透明層の表面に形成した金(Au)薄膜層と、を有することを特徴とする光通信デバイス。 - 光学媒体内を光が伝搬する光通信デバイスに対して、前記光学媒体の端面に到達した光を反射して光路を折り返すための反射器を形成する方法であって、
前記光学媒体内を伝搬する光に対して透明な物質に、金(Au)と化学結合する金属を添加した材料を用いて、前記光学媒体の端面に透明薄膜層を形成し、
該形成した透明薄膜層の表面に金(Au)薄膜層を形成することを特徴とする光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法。
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| JP2005281002A JP4160069B2 (ja) | 2005-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | 反射器を備えた光通信デバイスおよび光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法 |
| US11/312,769 US20070070490A1 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2005-12-21 | Optical communication device provided with a reflector and method for forming a reflector in an optical communication device |
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| JP2005281002A JP4160069B2 (ja) | 2005-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | 反射器を備えた光通信デバイスおよび光通信デバイスへの反射器の形成方法 |
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| US11515732B2 (en) | 2018-06-25 | 2022-11-29 | Energous Corporation | Power wave transmission techniques to focus wirelessly delivered power at a receiving device |
| US11437735B2 (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2022-09-06 | Energous Corporation | Systems for receiving electromagnetic energy using antennas that are minimally affected by the presence of the human body |
| EP3918691A1 (en) | 2019-01-28 | 2021-12-08 | Energous Corporation | Systems and methods for miniaturized antenna for wireless power transmissions |
| US11018779B2 (en) | 2019-02-06 | 2021-05-25 | Energous Corporation | Systems and methods of estimating optimal phases to use for individual antennas in an antenna array |
| US11402561B2 (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2022-08-02 | Google Llc | Optical elements for displays |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2151765C2 (de) * | 1970-11-05 | 1983-06-16 | Honeywell Information Systems Italia S.p.A., Caluso, Torino | Verfahren zum Kontaktieren von integrierten Schaltungen mit Beam-Lead-Anschlüssen |
| US4828346A (en) * | 1985-10-08 | 1989-05-09 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Transparent article having high visible transmittance |
| GB9409538D0 (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1994-06-29 | Glaverbel | Forming a silver coating on a vitreous substrate |
| CA2153345C (en) * | 1994-12-15 | 2000-01-11 | Robert William Filas | Low polarization sensitivity gold mirrors on silica |
| WO1997015820A1 (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1997-05-01 | University Of Washington | Surface plasmon resonance electrode as chemical sensor |
| US6174424B1 (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 2001-01-16 | Cirrex Corp. | Couplers for optical fibers |
| JPH11237517A (ja) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-08-31 | Fujitsu Ltd | 光導波路素子 |
| DE19836535C1 (de) * | 1998-08-06 | 1999-11-11 | Siemens Ag | Elektrooptische Koppelbaugruppe |
| EP1145073A2 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2001-10-17 | Optical Technologies Italia S.p.A. | Acousto-optical device |
| JP4260972B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-30 | 2009-04-30 | ソニー株式会社 | 光学記録媒体 |
| US20090130435A1 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2009-05-21 | Aghajanian Michael K | Intermetallic-containing composite bodies, and methods for making same |
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2005
- 2005-09-28 JP JP2005281002A patent/JP4160069B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-21 US US11/312,769 patent/US20070070490A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| JP2007093817A (ja) | 2007-04-12 |
| US20070070490A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
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