JP4031063B2 - Method and apparatus for optimizing the selection and purification process of wheat husks - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating malt and malt.
[0002]
[Prior art]
During the brewing process, it is necessary to separate the so-called wort solid and liquid components. This process is carried out by sedimentation in a normal charging chamber equipped with a purification tank. In this case, in particular, the insoluble shell of the malt, also called the wheat husk, settles onto the double bottom of the refining tank, thereby forming a natural filter layer through which the liquid is discharged downwards. .
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem placed on the basis of the present invention is to provide a more homogeneous filter bed,
1. Increase the inherent load of the refining tank, thereby reducing the size of the refining tank and thus keeping it inexpensive,
2. With the above filter bed, particularly effective filtration with respect to cleanliness and charge per unit time,
3. A portion of the wheat husk is removed prior to the brewing process, thus reducing the removal work of undesirable substances such as polyphenols and anthocyans derived from the wheat husk and nevertheless a well structured purification Enjoy the possibility of getting the floor,
In the point.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the invention, the above problem is solved by a method having the features characterizing claim 1. The invention then starts from the recognition that the properties of the wheat husk, i.e. the cleanness of the wheat husk, is a critical indicator of improved filter properties. According to the invention, the clean wheat husk used for the filter bed is made elastic by moistening the wheat husk (method step a)), whereby the wheat husk is broken into pieces by pressure treatment. The malt is detached from the wheat husk without being broken (method step b)), and then the wheat husk is separated by a sieve (method step c)), and the remaining malt particles and germ residues are subjected to impact treatment. It is obtained by separating from this wheat husk (method step d)).
[0005]
Individual steps of this combination of method steps have already been proposed for other purposes. That is, West German Patent Specification No. 972 592 describes that the germinated barley is moistened to the tip and then pulverized. This is done to obtain a swelling of the pores of the polymeric content which is difficult to treat itself and is not related to obtaining a pure wheat husk.
[0006]
West German Patent Specification No. 1 068 202 describes wet germ removal of green malt, and mentions germ removal by centrifugal impact. That is, here again, the acquisition of pure wheat husks is not a problem.
[0007]
East German Patent Specification No. 13 778 describes the production of raw grain additives from barley residues having a particle size of 2 mm or less. In this case, the material is released and the wheat husk is removed, but for such particle sizes, it is clear that the wheat husk has been essentially removed and only the portion of the wheat husk remains. is there.
[0008]
In the combination of steps according to the invention, method step d), which is carried out relatively gently, is used for the purification of the wheat husk. Therefore, the arrangement according to claim 4, in particular a sieving drum in which the rotor is located, is preferred for this purpose, in particular this speed adjustable in order to be able to adjust the strength of the impact action. Such a sieve drum is preferred. Although the wheat husk is indeed already separated from the malt in method step c), the wheat husk is particularly relevant to removing a portion of the wheat husk from the process described under item 3 of the topic. It still contains small adherent malt particles that cause the extract to lose. That is, in this sense, the separation of the wheat husk and malt is originally performed in two stages, that is, in the form of coarse separation (usually a sieve) and fine separation (by impact). In this case, as a secondary effect, an additional amount of malt thus obtained is obtained.
[0009]
Method step b) is carried out by pressure treatment with a roller mill (or with a roller mill). According to the invention, it is preferred if it is carried out in accordance with claim 2, in which case the pressure treatment in the roller mill is carried out in the roller gap between the two rollers of the roller pair. In this case, grinding mill by claim 3 is also preferred.
[0010]
For example, some centrifugal impact devices that allow air to flow upwards and thus separate relatively light wheat husks from downwardly falling malt particles can obtain malt residue and wheat husk separately at the outlet. It has been found that it is possible and effective to carry out according to claim 4.
[0011]
The device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 8.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained on the basis of an embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawing, but the invention is not limited to this embodiment.
[0013]
There are multiple silos 1 for different malt species in the apparatus for processing malt, but only two of these silos are shown. In order to be able to supply the weighing amounts of various kinds of wheat to the mixing device 3, it is effective if there is one weighing device 2 at each outlet of the silo.
[0014]
The thus mixed malt is then fed to the refiner via the elevator 4, which in the illustrated embodiment operates substantially with aspiration (to remove dust). It is formed from a sieve 5 and a subsequent gravity separator (“stone removal device”) 6, but in some cases it may additionally or selectively have other purification machines. After this first purification step, a management weighing by the measuring device 7 can be performed. However, it is also possible to carry out this weighing for the first time after the purification step described below, if necessary.
[0015]
After being lifted again by the elevator 4a, if necessary, the remaining metal particles are removed by a magnetic separator and the normal pre-purification process is terminated here.
[0016]
On the one hand, the malt is lightly humidified in the humidification device 8 in order to obtain a maximum yield of malt and, on the other hand, a particularly clean malt fraction. That is, the amount of water added is maintained at 10% by weight or less, and generally varies between 1% and 5% depending on the type of malt. Good results were obtained with a moisture addition of about 2%. This slight humidification renders the brittle wheat shell elastic in the dry state, so that the wheat shell can overcome the pressure treatment and does not break into pieces.
[0017]
This pressure treatment is effectively carried out in a known manner in a malt mill 9 equipped with at least one pair, but preferably at least two pairs of rollers 9a and a subsequent sieve 9b. A preferred embodiment of such a mill is described in European Patent Specification 0 357 762, in which the roller 9a and the sieve 9b are advantageously arranged in a common mill frame. Yes.
[0018]
The malt is not elastically crushed by the pressure treatment between the grinding surfaces of the roller 9a (unlike the pressure treatment with a pressurized fluid that allows escape). Leave. The whole of these wheat husks remains due to its elasticity, and therefore has a size that can be easily separated by the sieve 9b. Thus, it can be seen that the portion of the malt falling through the sieve mesh has a higher purity and a negligible amount of crushed wheat husk.
[0019]
On the other hand, the whole remaining wheat husk becomes an excess portion of the sieve or an overflow portion, and can be supplied to another elevator 4b through the outlet conduit 11 following the gate valve 10a. At the same time, the malt fraction removed from the wheat husk reaches the explosion-proof storage container 13 to which the dust filter 12 is connected via the gate valve 10b. Alternatively, it may be supplied to the silo 14 or the like by the discharge screw 13a.
[0020]
Although the described arrangement for obtaining the purest possible malt fraction and the cleanest and perfect husk as possible already gives really good results, this is still not sufficient for the intended purpose. In other words, malt particles, germ residues, etc. that would undesirably affect the color, flavor, extraction amount and quality of the original wort to be obtained when used as a filtering means during purification. May still be attached.
[0021]
This wheat husk is therefore further subjected to an impact treatment in the impact mill 15 in the method according to the invention. In this impact treatment, the endosperm residue adhering to the wheat husk is separated. Depending on the configuration of this device, for example, according to the configuration of a device such as a rotor generally surrounded by a sieve, the discharge port for coarse material and the discharge port for fine material are separated in the conduit 16 Provides an additional yield of malt that would otherwise be lost, whereas in a storage container 13 'formed to resemble the storage container 13, it is later used as a filter aid. For this purpose, wheat husks are collected. Therefore, only in this respect, the device operates as a centrifugal impact classifier. Since the transition between the impact mill and the centrifugal impact classifier, which are performed for crushing at an early stage of impact, is fluid, both are included under the concept of “centrifugal impact mill” within the scope of this disclosure. I will do it.
[0022]
In an impact mill having another structure, a sieve device and / or a classification device for separating malt and wheat husk may be further provided at the outlet. However, as already mentioned, a centrifugal impact mill is preferred, in which case the sieve can be integrated in such a way that the impact surface surrounding the radiating plate is formed as a sieve surface. Such a structure has already proven to be the best in practice.
[0023]
This provides a very pure and large amount of wheat husk which is an excellent filter aid. Moreover, an advantageous secondary effect is an increase in malt yield.
[0024]
Centrifugal impact mills generally comprise a radiating plate coaxially to the impact wall, so that the radiating plate is in a manner known per se, as schematically illustrated by FIG. It can also be used to work as a centrifugal rotor. While the malt shell material still attached to the malt coming from the exit of the roller mill (e.g. 9) is being fed into the centrifugal impact mill 15a via the optional feeding device 20 itself, the illustrated position or Further, an air inlet conduit 17 is disposed in a region provided below.
[0025]
In this case, the conduit 17 is located at the height of the centrifugal rotor 15b that is merely shown, and the intake air is effectively supplied by a blower 18 provided on a cyclone separator (not shown) on the centrifugal rotor. Done. Thereby, the air flowing upwards in this way entrains a light wheat husk, which can then be taken out via a cyclone separator and fed, for example, to the storage container 13 '. On the other hand, the smashed malt particles fall outside through the conduit 19 below the centrifugal impact mill 15a and are packaged or present in the storage container 13 if necessary. It may be mixed in the fraction to be.
[0026]
Hereinafter, the method according to the present invention will be described in an easy-to-understand manner based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0027]
In order to cleanly separate the wheat husk from the malt flour and coarse flour and avoid the residue of the crushed wheat husk, the humidification is first carried out in the humidifier 8 immediately before the pulverization, following the preliminary purification in the two stages mentioned above. To be implemented. It has been mentioned that the remnant of the wheat husk during the beer brewing process can be a disadvantage in some circumstances because the wheat husk contains substances that adversely affect beer flavor such as polyphenols and anthocyans. Therefore, beer flavor is also improved by separating the wheat husk cleanly.
[0028]
As described above, the moistening of the malt is effective when performed immediately before crushing. This is because the elasticity of the wheat husk can be reliably obtained. The humidifier is effective when the humidifier is configured to ensure a certain residence time after supplying liquid, particularly water. From FIG. 1, H ₂ O Is already done in the first third of the humidifier 8, for example, a time of about 1 to 2 minutes remains due to water acting on the wheat husk before it flows out of the humidifier 8. Yes. In order to guarantee the required duration of action, a stagnation container may optionally be connected after the humidifier 8.
[0029]
After the malt is tempered by the humidifier 8, the grinding is carried out in the mill 9 in a conventional manner. After grinding, the wheat husk can be weighed. For example, when the loading at the inlet of the mill 9 is 12 t / h, about 3 t / h of wheat husk was obtained. This whole remaining wheat husk is provided with a relatively large amount, ie about 23 m ³ / h, which should be taken into account when forming the storage container 14a.
[0030]
Therefore, two centrifugal impact mills were connected in parallel at the outlet of the conduit 11 of this embodiment so that a large amount could be processed.
[0031]
The amount of wheat husk at the start (before mill 9) was approximately 12.6%, but after sieving 9b, a wheat husk having a further 25.2% malt particle content was obtained. At that time, an amount of wheat shell of 750 ml / 100 g was obtained. The amount of the wheat husk could be increased to 1100 ml / 100 g after the centrifugal impact mill 15 (the screen is provided with a sieve cake and the rotation speed can be adjusted). This means an increase of 32% compared to the amount after mill 9, with the corresponding malt particles being obtained at the same time. This centrifugal impact mill 15 was experimentally operated at various rotation speeds, that is, at a rotation speed of a radiating plate of 450 to 800 rpm. At that time, the speed of the wheat husk of 12-23 m / s was obtained. The best results were obtained with 16-19 m / s. The wheat husk thus obtained was used as an auxiliary filter means at the end of the brewing process, being inexpensive, easy to dispose of and effectively. In this case, because the amount of wheat husk is high, it is possible to give only a small amount to the wort process or refining process by weight, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to polyphenols and a “mellow” flavor. The beer was obtained. In this case, however, there is no expectation of extract loss due to too much residual extract when removing the wheat husk. In comparison, wheat husks are reduced in quantity without the treatment according to the invention, and therefore a large amount of wheat for the same height filter bed (compared to the filter bed obtained according to the invention). A shell is required, which increases the extraction of tannins and thus has a detrimental effect on the flavor of beer.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention can provide a more homogeneous filter bed,
1. Increase the inherent load of the refining tank, thereby reducing the size of the refining tank and thus keeping it inexpensive,
2. With the above filter bed, particularly effective filtration with respect to cleanliness and charge per unit time,
3. A portion of the wheat husk is removed prior to the brewing process, thus reducing the removal work of undesirable substances such as polyphenols and anthocyans derived from the wheat husk and nevertheless a well structured purification Enjoy the possibility of getting the floor,
It can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 shows an apparatus according to the invention.
FIG. 2 shows a variant of the details of the device according to the invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Silo 2 Weighing device 3 Mixing device 4,4a, 4b Elevator 5 Sieve 6 Gravity separator 7 Weighing device 8 Humidifier 9 Mill 9a Roller 9b Sieve 10a, 10b Gate valve 11 Outlet conduit 12 Dust filter 13, 13 'Storage container 13a Discharge screw 14 Silo 14a Storage container 15 Impact mill 15a Centrifugal impact mill 15b Centrifugal rotor 16 Conduit 17 Air feed conduit 18 Blower 19 Conduit 20 Supply device

Claims (16)

In a method for separating malt and malt,
a) First, the malt to which the malt is attached is humidified,
b) Next, the malt to which the malt is attached is subjected to pressure treatment by a roller mill ,
c) Then the separation of the wheat husk from the malt is carried out,
d) Thereafter, the wheat husk separated in step c) is subjected to impact treatment.
A method characterized by combining the steps. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that method step b) is carried out by a roller mill (9) in the roller gap between the two rollers (9a) of the roller pair.   3. The method according to claim 2, wherein a grinding mill (9) incorporating at least one sieve (9b) for carrying out method step c) is used as a roller mill.   4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising at least one sieving or classification step following method step d).   5. The impact treatment according to claim 1, wherein the impact treatment is performed by an impact device formed as a centrifugal device for releasing the wheat husk against the radially outer impact surface. Method.   6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein step a) is performed immediately before step b).   7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wheat husk with adhesive malt particles is released against the impact surface at a speed of 12 to 23 m / s. An apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1,
The following equipment,
a) Humidifier (8),
b) a mill (9) having at least two grinding surfaces (9a) movable relative to each other;
c) Separation device (9b) for the separation of malt and crushed malt, and
d) Impact device for wheat husks (15; 15a)
Is provided continuously.   9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the separating device comprises at least one sieve (9b).   10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the sieve outlet is connected to the inlet of a subsequent impact device (15; 15a) via a transport device (11).   Device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the sieve (9b) is housed in a common frame with at least one roller pair (9a).   The device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the impact device (15a) is provided with a sieve and / or a classification device (17, 18).   The device according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the impact device is formed as a centrifugal device for releasing the wheat husk against the radially outer impact surface.   14. The device according to claim 13, wherein the outer impact surface is formed as a sieving surface for separating the smashed malt particles.   The centrifuge (15b) is capable of being driven at a rotational speed such that the wheat husk with adherent malt particles is dissipated against the impact surface at a speed of 12-23 m / s. Item 15. The device according to Item 13 or 14.   Device according to any one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that the humidifier (8) is connected immediately before the mill (9).

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