[go: up one dir, main page]

JP4021511B2 - Purification method for organic chlorine compound contaminants - Google Patents

Purification method for organic chlorine compound contaminants Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4021511B2
JP4021511B2 JP02536797A JP2536797A JP4021511B2 JP 4021511 B2 JP4021511 B2 JP 4021511B2 JP 02536797 A JP02536797 A JP 02536797A JP 2536797 A JP2536797 A JP 2536797A JP 4021511 B2 JP4021511 B2 JP 4021511B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
soil
compound
purifying
organic
microorganisms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP02536797A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH10216694A (en
Inventor
直明 片岡
達夫 下村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebara Corp
Original Assignee
Ebara Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebara Corp filed Critical Ebara Corp
Priority to JP02536797A priority Critical patent/JP4021511B2/en
Priority to TW87101140A priority patent/TW438621B/en
Priority to EP98901038A priority patent/EP0968773A4/en
Priority to US09/355,891 priority patent/US6303367B1/en
Priority to KR10-1999-7007092A priority patent/KR100477771B1/en
Priority to CN98802362A priority patent/CN1246815A/en
Priority to PCT/JP1998/000363 priority patent/WO1998034740A1/en
Publication of JPH10216694A publication Critical patent/JPH10216694A/en
Priority to US09/900,141 priority patent/US6828141B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4021511B2 publication Critical patent/JP4021511B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Landscapes

  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、土壌、底質、汚泥、水などに含まれている有機塩素化合物による汚染物を浄化する方法に関し、特に化学的並びに生物学的反応を組み合わせた脱塩素反応を利用することによって、短期間で、より簡便に当該汚染物質の浄化を達成することを特徴とする有機塩素化合物汚染物の新規な浄化方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、電子機械金属部品の脱脂・洗浄剤やドライクリーニングの洗浄剤として広く使用されているテトラクロロエチレン(以下、「PCE」と略す)、トリクロロエチレン(以下、「TCE」と略す)、1,1,1−トリクロロエタンなどの揮発性有機塩素化合物による土壌・地下水の汚染が次々と報告されており、大きな社会問題となっている。これらの有機塩素化合物は肝障害を引起し、発がん性を有することが報告されてきていることから、その分解、浄化、無害化に対する技術の確立が早急に要求されている。しかしながら、これら有機塩素化合物は自然界では容易に分解されない難分解性物質であると共に、難水溶性であるために、大多数の汚染域においては土壌中での蓄積、地下水への浸透が生じている。
【0003】
PCE、TCE、ジクロロエチレン(以下、「DCE」と略す)等の有機塩素化合物で汚染された土壌・地下水を浄化する方法については、種々の方法が実施あるいは開発されている。
すなわち、従来から汚染土壌の掘削除去および焼却や揚水処理法などが多く行われてきたが、最近では、新しい技術の開発も検討されていて、その中に微生物処理法(バイオレメディエーション)についての開発研究も行われている。
種々の浄化技術を実際の汚染サイトに適用しようとする場合には、費用対効果とか安全性などの種々の要件を満足することが必要であるが、種々の処理技術の中では前記した微生物処理技術が比較的効果のある浄化技術であるという位置づけをすることができるが、この技術にしても以下に記載する如く、長時間の処理期間を必要としたり、浄化対象物質の種類や濃度が限定されることから、十分満足できる汚染浄化技術とは言い難い。
【0004】
その微生物処理技術の一例として、メタン資化性菌やトルエン・フェノール分解菌、アンモニア酸化細菌、アルケン資化性菌によるTCEの好気的分解処理法が数多く報告されているが、1)分解反応が不安定であること、2)分解対象物質の範囲が極めて狭いこと、3)PCEや四塩化炭素といった高塩素化物質には分解作用を有しないとうい欠点がある。
一方、多くの嫌気性微生物ではPCE、TCE、四塩化炭素等の高塩素化化合物に対して幅広く分解特異性を持つものの、1)微生物の増殖が非常に遅いこと、2)嫌気的分解過程で毒性の強い中間代謝産物が生成・蓄積すること等の欠点がある(内山裕夫・矢木修身、バイオサイエンスとインダストリー、1994年、第52巻、第11号、第879〜884頁)。このような微生物特性を考え合わせると、現状の微生物技術利用のみでは汚染浄化システムとして実用化段階には至っていない。
【0005】
また、一方、有機塩素化合物の処理に単なる化学反応を用いたものとして、極く最近では、金属鉄による有機塩素化合物汚染の還元的処理が報告されている(矢崎哲夫、有機塩素化合物汚染地下水の処理−金属鉄付着活性炭による低温下での処理技術、「PPM」、1995年、第5巻、第64〜70頁)ことから、土壌中に金属鉄のみを添加して脱塩素化試験を幾度も試みたものの、脱塩素化反応は全く認められず、またFeCl2 、FeCl3 、FeSO4 といった鉄塩においても同様に脱塩素化は達成されなかった。
さらには、金属鉄と高圧空気を汚染土壌中に注入して有機塩素化合物を鉄粉と反応させて無機化し、無害化処理する手法も発明されているが(特開平8−257570号)、この方法においても空気注入設備の問題や汚染物質揮散の恐れがあるなどの問題がある。さらには、コスト上の問題も生じることから、金属鉄による化学的浄化処理法は実用的でない。
これまで述べてきたように、現状の浄化技術には、汚染浄化効率、費用効果、安全性、システム操作性いずれの要素をも十分に満足する浄化方法はない。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように有機塩素化合物浄化技術において、前記のような種々の未解決の問題があるが、これらの問題は一日も早く解決する必要がある。
本発明は、低濃度から高濃度に到るまでの幅広い化学的汚染濃度に対して、高度な浄化率を達成し、低コストで、安全に、しかも簡単な処理システムにて、有機塩素化合物汚染サイトを無害化処理することのできる、新規な浄化方法を提供するものことを目的とするものである。特に、従来の方法とは異なった方法で従来得られていない優れた処理効果を得る処理方法により従来の欠点を解消しようとするものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
先ず、本発明者らは、有機塩素化合物浄化において、嫌気脱塩素反応に基づく極めて高い浄化率を達成することのできる化学的反応環境に焦点をあて、安全で取扱が容易であり、かつ安価な化学反応物質を求めて鋭意検討を行った結果、種々の微生物が多数共存する土壌においては、化学的脱塩素反応と生物的脱塩素反応の両反応を誘導することで効率的な分解が可能であるという事例(日経バイオテク」(日経BP社発行)1996年10月7日発行、第361号第14〜15頁)を基に、実験を行って検討したところ、化学的並びに生物学的反応を組合せた嫌気脱塩素反応によると、実用的な有機塩素化合物の浄化作用があることを見いだし、それを基礎として本発明に到達した。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明の上記課題は、以下の手段により解決することができた。
(1)有機塩素化合物の汚染物を浄化する方法において、該汚染物を還元雰囲気状態でかつ中性条件で、従属栄養型嫌気性微生物の少なくとも1種の存在下、従属栄養型嫌気性微生物の培地並びにアルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属化合物の少なくとも1種並びに有機質系各種コンポスト、堆肥化有機物の少なくとも1種、及び金属鉄の存在下で脱塩素させることを特徴とする有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。
(2)前記脱塩素の反応を完全に塩素を含まない有機化合物が主な生成物として得られるまで進行させることを特徴とする前記(1)記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。
(3)前記の主な生成物である完全に塩素を含まない有機化合物がエチレン、エタンであることを特徴とする前記(2)記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。
(4)該汚染物が土壌、底質又は汚泥であり、その含水率が少なくとも25%(wt)であることを特徴とする前記(1)記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。
【0009】
(5)前記中性条件についてpHが5.8〜8.5であることを特徴とする前記(1)記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。
(6)前記従属栄養型嫌気性微生物がメタン発生菌、硫酸還元菌の中から選ばれたものであることを特徴とする前記(1)記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。
(7)前記従属栄養型嫌気性微生物として2種以上の微生物を用いることを特徴とする前記(1)記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。
(8)前記還元雰囲気状態として酸化還元電位(ORP)が0〜−600mVである条件とすることを特徴とする前記(1)記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。
【0010】
本発明は、前記したように、種々の微生物が多数共存する土壌においては、化学的脱塩素反応と生物的脱塩素反応の両反応を誘導することにより効率的な分解が可能じあるという事例を基に、嫌気的脱塩素反応を担うことで知られる嫌気的微生物、特にメタン生成微生物並びに硫酸還元微生物の増殖環境として要求されるpH7付近、酸化還元電位0〜−600mVの嫌気的環境を土壌中に存在する微生物反応を利用しながら確保し、その上で化学的脱塩素反応をも進行させるべく条件を検討してなされたものである。その検討の結果、先ず土壌中のpH、酸化還元電位を前記の環境条件に長期間安定に確保する方法として、土壌条件に適合するように選択した無機系土壌改良材並びに有機質系土壌改良材として知られた物質を添加すること、そして、微生物活性化剤としての従属栄養型嫌気性微生物の培地を添加することによって土壌pH7付近に、そして酸化還元電位を0〜−600mVの範囲での嫌気的環境を土壌中に安定に確保することができた。これを基にして一般的な条件を検討して前記(1)〜(8)に記載する条件を求めることができた。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において処理することができる有機塩素化合物汚染物としては、有機塩素化合物により汚染された土壌、底質、汚泥や水などである。これらの中、特に土壌、汚泥などがその処理が求められているものである。
処理する汚染物が土壌、汚泥などの場合、それの含水率は少なくとも25%(wt)以上であることが好ましい。具体的には40〜60%(wt)が好ましい。これは微生物の増殖上、さらには土壌、汚泥などの中に空気が入りにくい状態とする上で好ましいと考えられる。なお、この含水率の定義としては、(水分重量/湿潤土壌重量)×100によって求められる値を含水率(%)として表した。また、前記汚染物が水の場合には、全部が水であるから、含水率という問題はない。
【0012】
本発明において処理する際には、還元雰囲気状態であることが必要である。この条件は、その処理に微生物を用いる際、従属栄養型嫌気性微生物を用いる関係で必要である。
この還元雰囲気状態を具体的にいうと、酸化還元電位が0〜−600mVの範囲ということができ、好ましくは−100〜−500mVの範囲である。
この酸化還元電位は、測定方法によってかなりの幅で差があるが、本発明で示す酸化還元電位値は、金属電極として白金電極、比較電極に飽和塩化銀電極を用いて測定された場合の電位を指すものである。よって、他の測定法で得られる電位値に対しては本発明でいう酸化還元電位値に換算して比較を行う必要があることはいうまでもない。
また、その処理の条件は、中性条件であることが必要であるが、その中性条件をpH値で示すと、pH5.8〜8.5であり、好ましくはpH6〜8であり、さらに好ましくはpH6.2〜7.6である。
【0013】
本発明の汚染土壌等の生物学的有機塩素化合物汚染物質の浄化に作用する嫌気性微生物としては、従属栄養型嫌気性微生物が好ましく、土壌中に存在する主な従属栄養型嫌気性微生物としては、メタン生成細菌(例えば、Methanosarcina属、Methanothrix属、Methanobacterium属、Methanobrevibacter属)、硫酸還元細菌(例えば、Desulfovibrio属、Desulfotomaculum属、Desulfobacterium属、Desulfobacter属、Desulfococcus属)、酸生成細菌(例えば、Clostridium属、Acetivibrio属、Bacteroides属、Ruminococcus属)、通性嫌気性微細菌(例えばBacillus属、Lactobacillus属、Aeromonas属、Streptococcus属、Micrococcus属)等があげられる。
【0014】
前記の従属栄養型嫌気性微生物を培養するための培地としては、当該汚染土壌の微生物特性に応じて、下記に示すメタン生成微生物用培地あるいは硫酸還元微生物培地などのいずれかを選択すればよく、その選択に際しては浄化トリータビリティテスト(浄化適用性試験)によって汚染物質の浄化効率を調べて決定するものとする。
メタン生成微生物のとしては、乳酸、メタノール、エタノール、酢酸、クエン酸、ピルビン酸、ポリペプトン等に代表されるメタン生成微生物の増殖栄養源として一般に知られている栄養素でよい。また、硫酸還元微生物の増殖栄養源としては、乳酸、メタノール、エタノール、酢酸、クエン酸、ピルビン酸、ポリペプトン、糖含有有機物等に代表される硫酸還元微生物の増殖栄養源として一般に知られている栄養素でよい。
さらには、従属栄養型嫌気性微生物の増殖栄養源として、メタン発酵処理処理の対象となっている有機性廃水・廃棄物は効果的であり、例えば、ビール醸造廃水、でん粉廃水、酪農廃水、製糖廃水や、ビール粕、オカラ、汚泥等が挙げられる。
【0015】
なお、液体の微生物培地を添加する際、過剰量が添加されると、汚染物質の地下への浸透が進行して汚染が増大する恐れがあり、逆に少な過ぎると、微生物増殖に適度な水分含量が確保できずに増殖抑制をもたらすことになる。このため、土壌中水分含量(汚泥などは土壌に準ずる)として25〜55%、好ましくは35〜55%となるように調整して添加することがよい。この培地添加量に関しては、土壌含水率、間隙率、粒度組成、透水係数を十分に考慮した上で、決定すべきものである。従って、添加に用いる微生物培地濃度、培地量ともに汚染土壌の状態によって各々異なるものであり、浄化トリータビリティテストによって慎重に決定すべきものである。
また、土壌中水分含量を安定に確保するためには、珪藻土や各種の保水材、腐養土等を適宜混合することが効果的である。
【0016】
本発明に用いられる金属鉄の種類としては、粉末鉄粉、粒子状鉄、粉末還元鉄が有効であり、いずれも市販されている。この中、嫌気性脱塩素化には粉末還元鉄が最も反応性が高く効果的である。粉末鉄粉は通常表面が酸化されて酸化皮膜が形成されているが、本発明の反応条件では還元雰囲気状態であるため、鉄として反応に関与し、有効に反応が行われる。
鉄の使用量は、汚染物質が土壌の場合、土壌100g当たり0.01〜20g、好ましくは0.05〜10gであり、また汚染物質が水の場合、水100ml当たり0.1〜30g、好ましくは0.2〜20gである。
【0017】
また、この処理を行う際には、中性条件を維持するために、pH調整剤を添加することができ、そのようなpH調整剤としては、アルカリ金属化合物やアルカリ土類金属化合物を用いることが好ましく、それとしては従来無機系土壌改良材として用いられたものを用いることができる。これらは主として土壌pHの中性付近への安定化に作用するものであり、例えば、石灰石、生石灰、消石灰、硫酸カルシウム(石膏)、酸化マグネシウム、ベントナイト、パーライト、ゼオライト等が挙げられる。
さらに、この処理を行う際には、反応の進行上から、各種コンポスト、堆肥化有機物などを混合させることが好ましい。これらは、主として微生物添加効果や微生物栄養源の供給、水分保持に作用するものであり、従来有機系土壌改良材として知られたものを指す。
これらは、微生物栄養源並びに嫌気的環境の確保に作用し、さらには、土壌の嫌気醗酵にともなって発生する悪臭ガス、特に硫化水素やメチルメルカプタンをはじめとする硫黄系の悪臭ガスの分解・除去にも作用するものと考える。
なお、各種のコンポストが、放線菌、細菌をはじめとする種々の微生物を含有し、硫黄系悪臭物質を効率良く分解する微生物が多数存在することは従来から良く知られていることであり、各種のコンポストに有用な無臭化微生物が多数存在することは従来から良く知られていることであり、種々のコンポストより有用な無臭化微生物が多数分離されていることや、家畜糞尿処理における悪臭除去対策としてもコンポストが利用されていることからも容易に推測することができる。
【0018】
次に、この生物的脱塩素反応が誘導される嫌気的中性反応下において、化学的脱塩素が行われる条件について鋭意検討を行った。その結果、還元鉄を添加した場合に非常に優れた嫌気脱塩素反応が認められ、一方、FeCl2 、FeSO4 のような第1鉄塩やFeCl3 といった第2鉄塩では脱塩素効果は全く認められなかった。このことは本発明の実施例2のデータでも明らかに示されている。さらには、この還元鉄を添加した場合では、嫌気脱塩素反応で多く報告されている毒性の強い中間代謝産物の生成・蓄積は全く認められず、反応生成物はいずれも完全脱塩素された物質へと転換されて気相部へ放出されることがわかった。
なお、本発明において使用される鉄の種類としては、前記したように、粉末鉄粉、粒子状鉄、粉末還元鉄が有効であり、いずれも市販されている。これらの内、嫌気脱塩素化のためには粉末還元鉄が最も反応性が高く効果的である。
【0019】
なお、前記した条件によれば、土壌にアルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属化合物のようなpH調整剤となる無機質物質(これらは無機質系土壌改良材といわれているものが多い)、有機質系物質(有機質系土壌改良材類)、及び微生物培地を添加することによって土壌中に存在する嫌気性微生物の増殖は直ちにはじまり、土壌の中性的、嫌気的環境が速やかに形成されることから、本発明による化学的脱塩素反応を担う還元鉄の土壌への混合時期については、無機質系物質、有機質系物質、微生物培地の添加時と同時に混合して、なんら差し障りはなく、むしろ、同時に混合しておいた方が嫌気的環境の長期間確保には得策であって、また、コスト的にも安価となり、汚染浄化プロセスの管理においても有利である。
【0020】
本発明による嫌気脱塩素反応を実際の汚染サイトに適用するに際しては、なんら大規模な設備を建設する必要はなく、対象とする汚染土壌に各種土壌改良材と還元鉄とを混合した後、微生物増殖培地を添加すると共に、水分蒸散や雨水混入の防止、保温の目的で浄化区域をビニルシート等で覆うことで十分である。また、悪臭ガス発生防止と共に、水分蒸散の抑制のため、必要に応じて腐葉土もしくはコンポストを浄化区域の土壌表層に敷きつめることが望ましい。
【0021】
本発明による嫌気脱塩素反応の反応機構は、現時点では全ては解明されていないものの、本発明者らは以下のように考えている。先ず、土壌中のpH7付近の中性的、酸化還元電位0〜−600mVの嫌気的環境を確保するために、無機質系物質並びに有機質系物質と微生物活性化剤としての微生物培地を土壌に添加して、土壌中微生物の増殖反応を利用した嫌気的環境をつくる。この場合、土壌中の嫌気微生物は速やかに増殖するために、化学的脱塩素反応を抑制することは殆どなく、生物的脱塩素反応と化学的脱塩素反応はほぼ同時に開始する。
生物的嫌気脱塩素反応のメカニズムについては微生物学的、酵素反応学的に十分に追求されているものではないために明らかではないが、嫌気的環境下においてメタン生成微生物や硫酸還元微生物などの偏性嫌気性微生物並びに種々の嫌気汚泥、底泥中の嫌気性微生物の増殖状態にある場合、非常にゆっくりとした反応で塩素が1個ずつ順次脱塩素して行くことが報告されていることから、本発明においても同様な緩やかな嫌気脱塩素反応が進行しているものと考える。
【0022】
一方、還元鉄による嫌気脱塩素反応の原理に関しては、先崎の報告(「有機塩素化合物汚染地下水の処理−金属鉄付着活性炭による低温下での処理技術」、PPM、1995年、第5巻、第64〜70頁)によれば、還元鉄表面に有機塩素化合物の吸着が起こり、同時に還元鉄表面において金属側と環境側の条件の差異によってアノードとカソードの分極が生じ、これによって電子の流れ(発生)が生じて鉄の溶出と還元作用(脱塩素反応)が生じるという反応である。
換言すれば、本発明の化学的脱塩素反応の部分についていえば、汚染土壌の中性的、嫌気的環境を安定に確保することによって、還元鉄表面上における有機化合物の脱塩素活性を高く保持することができることを特徴とした発明ということでもある。
【0023】
上記のような有機塩素化合物脱塩素反応については、本発明による浄化プロセスでは浄化開始後1ヶ月までの反応初期では化学的脱塩素反応が大部分を占めるが、その後、有機塩素化合物の汚染濃度の低下と還元鉄の還元活性低下に伴って化学的脱塩素反応は収束し、代わって、生物的脱塩素反応がゆっくりと優勢となってきて、さらなる脱塩素が長時間にわたって進行するものとなる。この生物的脱塩素反応が作用し始める時点においては、有機塩素化合物汚染の濃度はかなり低下しており、生物の脱塩素反応に濃度阻害をもたらすことはなく、むしろ、生物反応の得意な低濃度汚染の脱塩素反応として、より活発に作用するものである。したがって、本発明による有機塩素化合物汚染の浄化においては、化学的脱塩素反応と生物的脱塩素反応の相互作用によって極めて低濃度にまで浄化することが可能になる。
【0024】
本発明の化学的並びに生物的嫌気脱塩素方法によれば、溶解性の低い土壌改良剤類の無機質系物質及び有機質系物質を組み合わせることで、当該汚染土壌から汚染物質が溶出することなく、かつ、当該汚染土壌の保水性を適度に保持することによって当該有機塩素化合物汚染を汚染位置より深い地下に浸透することなく、短期間に、安価で簡便に当該有機塩素化合物汚染土壌を浄化させることが可能である。
本発明の反応においては、前記した脱塩素の反応を完全に塩素を含まない有機化合物が主な生成物として得られるまで進行させることができ、このようにすることが有機塩素化合物汚染物を十分に浄化する上から好ましいことである。その際においては、主な生成物である完全に塩素を含まない有機化合物はエチレン、エタンであって、この反応においては、有害な塩素を含む中間生成物をほとんど生成しないので非常に好ましい結果が得られる。
【0025】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明する。ただし、本発明はこれらの実施例により本発明が限定されるものではない。
本発明の実施例で行ったテトラクロロエチレン浄化実験においては、微生物培地として、第1表のメタン生成用微生物培地、あるいは第2表の硫酸還元微生物用培地を用いた。また、いずれの浄化試験においても、室温(12〜23℃)にて実施した。
pHの測定は、土壌:純水=1:1(重量比)に調整し、東亜電波工業製pHメータ HM−5B型にて測定した。また、
酸化還元電位の測定では、土壌:無酸素水=1:1(重量比)に調整し、東亜電波工業製ORPメータODIC−3型にて、ORP複合電極PS−8160型を浸して30分間放置後測定した。
【0026】
土壌中塩化エチレン類の分析は、横浜国立大学で開発された方法(宮本健一ら、「土壌の低沸点有機汚染物質含有量の測定方法」、水環境学会誌、1995年、第18巻、第6号、第477〜488頁)に従い、試料土壌をエタノール中に浸漬しエチレン類をエタノール抽出した後、エチレン類をデカン中に再抽出し、エチレン類のデカン溶液を日立ガスクロマトグラフG−5000型のカラムに投入し、FID検出器にて分析を行った。
一方気相中に発生した塩化エチレン類ガスの測定には、発生した塩化エチレン類ガスを日立ガスクロマトグラフG−5000型の20%TCP Chromosorb WAW DMCS 60〜80mesh カラムに注入し、FID検出器にて検出することにより分析した。また、気相中に発生したエチレン、エタンガスの測定の場合には、カラムとしてPorapack Q カラムを用い、日立ガスクロマトグラフG−5000型、FID検出器にて検出することにより分析した。さらに、気相中に発生した水素、炭酸ガス、メタンの測定には、GLサイエンスガスクロマトグラフ−320型、TCD検出器にて、活性炭30/60もしくはMolecular sieve 13Xにて分析した。
【0027】
実施例1
A工場の汚染土壌表層から採取した汚染土壌を用いた。当該汚染土壌は、汚染物質の主体はPCEで、乾燥汚染土壌1kg中に含まれるPCEの量が25mgである。この汚染土壌の30gを125ml容量のバイアル瓶に採取したもの14個について、以下に示す14種類の実験条件で、汚染土壌のpH、酸化還元電位およびPCE減少量の経時変化を調べた。各実験系での含水率は48〜53%の範囲として行った。試料調整時および試料採取後には、バイアル瓶の気相部は窒素ガスにて置換した。
なお、供試汚染土壌はローム層よりのもので、その物性特性は、含水率47%、透水係数10-4〜10-5cm/sec、pH6.6,酸化還元電位380mVのものであった。
【0028】
実験条件
A.メタン生成用微生物培地(第1表)を用いた反応系
▲1▼汚染土壌のコントロール
▲2▼汚染土壌+メタン生成培地9.0ml
▲3▼汚染土壌+メタン生成培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g
▲4▼汚染土壌+メタン生成培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合石灰質肥料A(主成分石灰石)1.0g+牛糞コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲5▼汚染土壌+メタン生成培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合石灰質肥料B(主成分石灰石とアヅミン)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲6▼汚染土壌+メタン生成培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合貝化石肥料(主成分貝化石)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲7▼汚染土壌+メタン生成培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合石灰質肥料A1.0g+腐葉土1.0g
なお、「アヅミン」とは腐植酸苦土肥料であり、その成分組成は、腐植酸(50〜60%)、苦土(15%)、全窒素(3%)、けい酸(3%)である。
【0029】
【表1】

Figure 0004021511
【0030】
前記実験条件において、前記反応系を表す式の意味するところは、例えば▲4▼の実験条件について説明すると以下の通りである。すなわち、
汚染土壌の30gを収納した125ml容量のバイアル瓶に還元鉄1.0g、混合石灰質肥料A1.0gを混合した後、この混合物に第1表に示したメタン生成用微生物培地を9.0ml添加し、その後牛糞コンポスト1.0gと腐葉土0.5gを添加した後、ブチル栓とアルミシールで密栓した。
この様に調整した前記7種の被検体について、図1に示すように、3日経過したものについてPCEの含有量、7日経過したものについてpH値と酸化還元電位を測定する。以下の測定間隔は図1に示す通りである。
【0031】
B.硫酸還元微生物用培地(第2表)を用いた反応系
▲1▼汚染土壌のコントロール
▲2▼汚染土壌+硫酸還元培地9.0ml
▲3▼汚染土壌+硫酸還元培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g
▲4▼汚染土壌+硫酸還元培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合石灰質肥料A(主成分石灰石)1.0g+牛糞コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲5▼汚染土壌+硫酸還元培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合石灰質肥料B(主成分石灰石とアヅミン)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲6▼汚染土壌+硫酸還元培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合貝化石肥料(主成分貝化石)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲7▼汚染土壌+硫酸還元培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合石灰質肥料A(主成分石灰石)1.0g+腐葉土1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
【0032】
【表2】
Figure 0004021511
【0033】
実施例1での試験結果を図1及び図2に示す。なお、実験A−▲6▼、▲7▼および実験Bについては、実験A−▲4▼、▲5▼もしくは実験B−▲4▼、▲5▼とほぼ同様のPCE減少結果であったので、図への記載は省略した。
これより、汚染土壌に還元鉄と無機系肥料、各種コンポストを混合し、メタン生成微生物用培地もしくは硫酸還元微生物用培地を混ぜ合わせることにより、土壌pH7付近の中性環境並びに嫌気的環境が安定的に確保され、土壌中PCEは速やかに分解されていることが明らかである。なお、図1及び図2には、汚染土壌に還元鉄を混合しただけではPCE分解は認められないことも示されている。また、混合石灰質肥料Aに代えて、消石灰を用いても同様の効果が得られた。
【0034】
実施例2
実施例1と同じA工場から採取したPCE土壌を用い、さらにその土壌にPCEを添加して、最終汚染濃度約75mg−PCE/kg−乾燥土壌になるように調整した高濃度汚染土壌について実験した。実施例1と同様、125ml容量のバイアル瓶に汚染土壌30gを分取し、以下の8種類の実験条件についてpH、酸化還元電位、PCE減少量、エチレン・エタン生成量、水素・炭酸ガス・メタン生成量を調べた。なお、各実験系でのでの含水率は48〜53%の範囲として行った。実験A−▲4▼と実験B−▲4▼は、汚染土壌と下水汚泥コンポストと腐葉土をオートクレーブにて60分間蒸気圧滅菌することにより、それらを起源とする微生物群を滅菌し、PCE分解反応系における微生物の作用を検討したものである。
試料調整時にはバイアル瓶の気相部は窒素置換して行った。
【0035】
実験条件
A.メタン生成用微生物培地(第1表)を用いた反応系
▲1▼汚染土壌+メタン生成培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合石灰質肥料B(主成分石灰石とアヅミン)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲2▼汚染土壌+メタン生成培地9.0ml+FeCl2 1.0g+混合石灰質肥料B(主成分石灰石とアヅミン)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲3▼汚染土壌+メタン生成培地9.0ml+FeSO4 1.0g+混合石灰質肥料B(主成分石灰石とアヅミン)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲4▼滅菌済み汚染土壌+メタン生成培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合石灰質肥料B(主成分石灰石とアヅミン)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+滅菌済み腐葉土0.5g
【0036】
B.硫酸還元微生物用培地(第2表)を用いた反応系
▲1▼汚染土壌+硫酸還元培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合石灰質肥料B(主成分石灰石とアヅミン)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲2▼汚染土壌+硫酸還元培地9.0ml+FeCl2 1.0g+混合石灰質肥料B(主成分石灰石とアヅミン)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲3▼汚染土壌+硫酸還元培地9.0ml+FeSO4 1.0g+混合石灰質肥料B(主成分石灰石とアヅミン)1.0g+下水汚泥コンポスト1.0g+腐葉土0.5g
▲4▼滅菌済み汚染土壌+硫酸還元培地9.0ml+還元鉄1.0g+混合石灰質肥料B(主成分石灰石とアヅミン)1.0g+滅菌済み下水汚泥コンポスト 1.0g+滅菌済み腐葉土0.5g
【0037】
実施例2での試験結果を第3表および第4表に示す。表より、汚染土壌に還元鉄と無機系肥料(pH調整剤)、各種コンポストを混合し、メタン生成用微生物培地もしくは硫酸還元微生物用培地を混ぜ合わせることによって、土壌は、pH7付近の中性環境並びに嫌気的環境が安定的に確保され、土壌中PCEは速やかに分解されていることが明らかである。一方、還元鉄の代わりにFeCl2 あるいはFeSO4 を添加した場合ではPCE分解が殆ど進行しないことが明らかである。
また、微生物を滅菌した場合でも(実験A−▲4▼、B−▲4▼)PCE分解量は相当低く、本発明の方法において、嫌気脱塩素反応は生物学的反応と化学的反応との相乗作用で進行することを示している。
【0038】
第4表は、実験A−▲1▼、B−▲1▼でのバイアル瓶中に発生したガス成分の分析結果を示す。これらの実験系いずれでも、多量の水素、炭酸ガスとエチレン・エタンの生成が認められた。なお、実験A−▲1▼、B−▲1▼共に極微量のPCEとcis−DCEが検出された程度であった。実験A−▲1▼、B−▲1▼ににおける物質収支を計算すると、土壌中PCEの分解量のおよそ71%、58%がエチレンとエタンに転換された計算となる。
下水汚泥コンポストに代えて家畜コンポストを用いても同様な結果が得られた。
【0039】
【表3】
Figure 0004021511
【0040】
【表4】
Figure 0004021511
【0041】
実施例3
工業地帯に隣接した湖沼底泥(X)及び湿地の表層底泥(Y)について、それぞれにPCEを添加して最終PCE濃度35mg−PCE/kg−乾燥泥に調整した。25リットル容円筒型ステンレス缶(直径300mm×高さ370mm)に、汚染底泥15kgを分取した実験系を4系列(X系のコントロールと浄化区、Y系のコントロールと浄化区)を設けた。各実験系の条件は以下のとおりである。なお、水分の蒸散や水の混入を防止し、かつ、保温する目的で、これらの実験容器はカバーで覆った。コンポストや腐葉土を底泥表層に敷くことは必須条件ではないため、本実験の場合行わなかった。これら3系列の実験を屋外に設置してpH、酸化還元電位、PCE減少量を経時的にに調べた。なお、実験期間中の屋外温度範囲は7〜18℃、底泥の含水率は約41〜50%である。
【0042】
Figure 0004021511
なお、ビール糖化粕廃水の主な成分は、還元糖9600mg/リットル、酢酸180mg/リットル、乳酸3100mg/リットル、懸濁物質8100mg/リットル、BOD(生物化学的酸素要求量)12700mg/リットル、前有機炭素濃度5100mg/リットルである。
【0043】
PCE濃度変化の結果を第5表に示す。なお、pH酸化還元電位については、X系コントロール、Y系コントロール共にpH4.6〜5.3、ORP180〜300mV程度であり、X系浄化区とY系浄化区はpH7〜7.4、ORP400〜−570mVであった。これにより、X系浄化区、Y系浄化区共に本発明による浄化方法によってPCEを効果的に分解できることがわかる。
【0044】
【表5】
Figure 0004021511
【0045】
【発明の効果】
本発明による化学的及び生物学的嫌気脱塩素反応を組み合わせた浄化方法によれば、汚染土壌や汚染水のような有機塩素化合物による汚染物から、汚染物質が溶出することなく、かつ汚染土壌などの場合には、当該汚染土壌等の保水性を適度に保持することによって、当該有機塩素化合物汚染を汚染位置より深い地下に浸透することなく浄化を達成することができ、その処理速度も早いため、短期間に、簡便なプロセスにより有機塩素化合物汚染土壌等や地下水を浄化することができる。
しかも、この方法では、有機塩素化合物を主な生成物がエチレンやエタンの形のような完全に塩素を含まない有機化合物となるまで処理するようにすることもでき、その処理の過程で有害な中間生成物はほとんど生成されず、このためその有害な中間生成物の蓄積という問題が起きない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明によりメタン生成用培地を用いてPCE汚染土壌を嫌気性条件で脱塩素反応試験を行った試験結果を表したグラフを示す。
【図2】本発明により硫酸還元培地を用いてPCE汚染土壌を嫌気性条件で脱塩素反応試験を行った試験結果を表したグラフを示す。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for purifying contaminants due to organochlorine compounds contained in soil, sediment, sludge, water, etc., and in particular, by utilizing a dechlorination reaction that combines chemical and biological reactions, The present invention relates to a novel method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant characterized by achieving purification of the contaminant more easily in a short period of time.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, tetrachlorethylene (hereinafter abbreviated as “PCE”), trichlorethylene (hereinafter abbreviated as “TCE”), 1,1,1 widely used as a degreasing / cleaning agent for electronic mechanical metal parts and as a cleaning agent for dry cleaning -Contamination of soil and groundwater with volatile organochlorine compounds such as trichloroethane has been reported one after another, which is a major social problem. Since these organochlorine compounds have been reported to cause liver damage and have carcinogenicity, establishment of technologies for their decomposition, purification, and detoxification is urgently required. However, these organochlorine compounds are difficult-to-decompose substances that are not easily decomposed in nature and are poorly water-soluble. Therefore, in most contaminated areas, they accumulate in soil and infiltrate into groundwater. .
[0003]
Various methods have been implemented or developed for purifying soil and groundwater contaminated with organochlorine compounds such as PCE, TCE, and dichloroethylene (hereinafter abbreviated as “DCE”).
In other words, the excavation and removal of contaminated soil, incineration, and pumping treatment methods have been carried out in the past, but recently, the development of new technologies has also been studied, including the development of microbial treatment methods (bioremediation). Research is also being conducted.
When various purification technologies are to be applied to actual contaminated sites, it is necessary to satisfy various requirements such as cost-effectiveness and safety. Although this technology can be positioned as a relatively effective purification technology, this technology requires a long treatment period and limits the types and concentrations of substances to be purified as described below. Therefore, it is difficult to say that it is a satisfactory pollution purification technology.
[0004]
As an example of the microbial treatment technology, there are many reports of aerobic degradation of TCE by methane-utilizing bacteria, toluene / phenol-degrading bacteria, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, and alkene-utilizing bacteria. Is unstable, 2) the range of substances to be decomposed is extremely narrow, and 3) highly chlorinated substances such as PCE and carbon tetrachloride have the disadvantage of not having a decomposition action.
On the other hand, many anaerobic microorganisms have a wide range of degradation specificities for highly chlorinated compounds such as PCE, TCE, and carbon tetrachloride, but 1) the growth of microorganisms is very slow, and 2) during anaerobic degradation. There are drawbacks such as the production and accumulation of highly toxic intermediate metabolites (Hiroo Uchiyama and Osamu Yagi, Bioscience and Industry, 1994, Vol. 52, No. 11, pages 879-884). Considering such microbial characteristics, the use of the present microbial technology alone has not yet reached the stage of practical use as a pollution purification system.
[0005]
On the other hand, reductive treatment of organochlorine compound contamination by metallic iron has recently been reported as a simple chemical reaction for treatment of organochlorine compounds (Tetsuo Yazaki, organochlorine-contaminated groundwater Treatment-treatment technology under low temperature with activated carbon adhering to metallic iron, "PPM", 1995, Vol. 5, pp. 64-70), dechlorination test was repeated several times by adding only metallic iron to the soil However, no dechlorination reaction was observed, and FeCl 2 , FeCl Three , FeSO Four Similarly, dechlorination was not achieved in such iron salts.
Further, a method of injecting metallic iron and high-pressure air into contaminated soil to make the organic chlorine compound react with iron powder to make it inorganic and detoxifying is also invented (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-257570). The method also has problems such as problems with air injection equipment and the risk of volatilization of pollutants. Furthermore, since a cost problem also arises, a chemical purification treatment method using metallic iron is not practical.
As described so far, there is no purification method that sufficiently satisfies all the elements of pollution purification efficiency, cost effectiveness, safety, and system operability with the current purification technology.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Thus, in the organic chlorine compound purification technology, there are various unsolved problems as described above, but these problems need to be solved as soon as possible.
The present invention achieves a high purification rate for a wide range of chemical contamination concentrations ranging from low to high concentrations, and is low-cost, safe, and simple treatment system, and can be used for organic chlorine compound contamination. The object is to provide a novel purification method capable of detoxifying the site. In particular, the present invention intends to eliminate the conventional drawbacks by a processing method that obtains an excellent processing effect that has not been obtained by a method different from the conventional method.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
First, the present inventors focused on a chemical reaction environment that can achieve an extremely high purification rate based on anaerobic dechlorination reaction in organic chlorine compound purification, and is safe, easy to handle, and inexpensive. As a result of diligent investigations for chemical reactants, efficient degradation is possible by inducing both chemical and biological dechlorination reactions in soils where many different microorganisms coexist. Based on an example (Nikkei Biotech) (published by Nikkei BP), published on October 7, 1996, No. 361, pages 14-15, we conducted experiments and examined chemical and biological reactions. According to the combined anaerobic dechlorination reaction, it was found that there is a practical action of purifying organochlorine compounds, and the present invention was reached based on this.
[0008]
That is, the said subject of this invention was able to be solved by the following means.
(1) In the method for purifying contaminants of organochlorine compounds, the contaminants are in a reducing atmosphere and in neutral conditions, and in the presence of at least one heterotrophic anaerobic microorganism. , Obedience Culture medium for genus vegetative anaerobic microorganisms And at least one of alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds, various organic composts, and at least one of composted organic matter, And a method for purifying organochlorine compound contaminants, wherein dechlorination is performed in the presence of metallic iron.
(2) The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to (1), wherein the dechlorination reaction is allowed to proceed until a completely chlorine-free organic compound is obtained as a main product.
(3) The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to (2) above, wherein the organic compound which does not contain chlorine as the main product is ethylene or ethane.
(4) The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to (1) above, wherein the contaminant is soil, sediment or sludge, and the water content thereof is at least 25% (wt).
[0009]
(5) The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to (1), wherein the neutral condition has a pH of 5.8 to 8.5.
(6) The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to (1), wherein the heterotrophic anaerobic microorganism is selected from methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria.
(7) The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to (1), wherein two or more kinds of microorganisms are used as the heterotrophic anaerobic microorganisms.
(8) said reduction The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to (1) above, wherein the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) is 0 to -600 mV as the atmospheric state.
[0010]
In the present invention, as described above, in a soil where a large number of various microorganisms coexist, a case where efficient decomposition is possible by inducing both chemical dechlorination reaction and biological dechlorination reaction is possible. On the basis of anaerobic microorganisms known to be responsible for anaerobic dechlorination reaction, especially anaerobic microorganisms in the soil with a pH of around 7 and a redox potential of 0-600 mV, which is required as a growth environment for methanogenic microorganisms and sulfate-reducing microorganisms. The microbial reaction that exists in the plant is ensured by utilizing it, and then the conditions are studied in order to proceed with the chemical dechlorination reaction. As a result of the examination, as a method of ensuring the pH and redox potential in the soil stably for a long period of time in the above environmental conditions, as an inorganic soil improvement material and an organic soil improvement material selected to suit the soil conditions Adding known substances and as microbial activators Obedience By adding a medium of genus vegetative anaerobic microorganisms, an anaerobic environment in the vicinity of soil pH 7 and an oxidation-reduction potential in the range of 0 to -600 mV could be stably secured in the soil. Based on this, general conditions are examined and the above (1) to (8) It was possible to obtain the conditions described in.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of organic chlorine compound contaminants that can be treated in the present invention include soil, sediment, sludge, and water contaminated by organic chlorine compounds. Of these, soil, sludge, etc. are particularly required to be treated.
When the contaminated material to be treated is soil, sludge, etc., the water content is preferably at least 25% (wt) or more. Specifically, 40 to 60% (wt) is preferable. This is considered preferable for the growth of microorganisms and for making it difficult for air to enter soil, sludge, and the like. In addition, as a definition of this moisture content, the value calculated | required by (moisture weight / wet soil weight) x100 was represented as moisture content (%). In addition, when the contaminant is water, since the whole is water, there is no problem of water content.
[0012]
When processing in the present invention, it is necessary to be in a reducing atmosphere. This condition is necessary because a heterotrophic anaerobic microorganism is used when the microorganism is used for the treatment.
Specifically, this reducing atmosphere state can be said to have a redox potential in the range of 0 to -600 mV, preferably in the range of -100 to -500 mV.
Although this oxidation-reduction potential varies considerably depending on the measurement method, the oxidation-reduction potential value shown in the present invention is the potential when measured using a platinum electrode as the metal electrode and a saturated silver chloride electrode as the comparison electrode. It points to. Therefore, it goes without saying that potential values obtained by other measurement methods need to be compared in terms of the redox potential value referred to in the present invention.
Moreover, the conditions of the treatment need to be neutral conditions, but when the neutral conditions are represented by pH values, they are pH 5.8 to 8.5, preferably pH 6 to 8, The pH is preferably 6.2 to 7.6.
[0013]
As anaerobic microorganisms that act on the purification of biological organochlorine compound pollutants such as contaminated soil of the present invention, heterotrophic anaerobic microorganisms are preferred, and as the main heterotrophic anaerobic microorganisms present in the soil, , Methanogenic bacteria (e.g., Methanosarcina, Methanothrix, Methanobacterium, Methanobrevibacter), sulfate-reducing bacteria (e.g., Desulofibrio genus, Desulofactulum, Desulofactulum, Desulofactulum, , Genus Acetibrio, genus Bacteroides, genus Ruminococcus), facultative anaerobic bacteria For example Bacillus spp, Lactobacillus spp, Aeromonas spp, Streptococcus spp, Micrococcus spp.), And the like.
[0014]
As a medium for cultivating the heterotrophic anaerobic microorganisms, according to the microbial characteristics of the contaminated soil, it is sufficient to select one of the following methanogenic microorganism medium or sulfate-reducing microorganism medium, The selection shall be made by examining the purification efficiency of pollutants by a purification treatability test (purification applicability test).
The methanogenic microorganism may be a nutrient generally known as a growth nutrient source of a methanogenic microorganism represented by lactic acid, methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, citric acid, pyruvic acid, polypeptone and the like. In addition, as a growth nutrient source for sulfate-reducing microorganisms, nutrients generally known as growth nutrient sources for sulfate-reducing microorganisms represented by lactic acid, methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, citric acid, pyruvic acid, polypeptone, sugar-containing organic substances, etc. It's okay.
Furthermore, organic wastewater and waste that are subject to methane fermentation treatment are effective as a source of growth nutrients for heterotrophic anaerobic microorganisms, such as beer brewing wastewater, starch wastewater, dairy wastewater, and sugar production. Examples include waste water, beer lees, okara, and sludge.
[0015]
In addition, when adding an excessive amount of liquid microbial medium, there is a risk that contamination will increase due to the penetration of pollutants into the underground, and conversely, if the amount is too small, there will be adequate moisture for microbial growth. The content cannot be ensured, resulting in growth inhibition. For this reason, it is good to adjust and add so that it may become 25-55% as a moisture content in soil (sludge etc. applies to soil), preferably 35-55%. The amount of the medium added should be determined with sufficient consideration of soil moisture content, porosity, particle size composition, and hydraulic conductivity. Therefore, the concentration of the microbial medium used for addition and the amount of the medium differ depending on the state of the contaminated soil, and should be carefully determined by the purification treatability test.
Moreover, in order to ensure the moisture content in soil stably, it is effective to mix diatomaceous earth, various water retaining materials, and humic soil as appropriate.
[0016]
As the types of metallic iron used in the present invention, powdered iron powder, particulate iron, and powdered reduced iron are effective, and all are commercially available. Of these, powdered reduced iron is the most reactive and effective for anaerobic dechlorination. Although the surface of powdered iron powder is usually oxidized to form an oxide film, it is in a reducing atmosphere under the reaction conditions of the present invention, so that it participates in the reaction as iron and the reaction is carried out effectively.
The amount of iron used is 0.01 to 20 g, preferably 0.05 to 10 g per 100 g of soil when the pollutant is soil, and preferably 0.1 to 30 g per 100 ml of water when the pollutant is water. Is 0.2 to 20 g.
[0017]
Moreover, when performing this process, in order to maintain neutral conditions, a pH adjuster can be added, and as such a pH adjuster, an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound is used. It is preferable to use those conventionally used as inorganic soil conditioners. These mainly act to stabilize the soil pH to near neutral, and examples include limestone, quicklime, slaked lime, calcium sulfate (gypsum), magnesium oxide, bentonite, pearlite, zeolite and the like.
Furthermore, when performing this process, it is preferable to mix various composts, composting organic matter, etc. from the progress of reaction. These mainly act on the effect of adding microorganisms, supply of microbial nutrients, and water retention, and are conventionally known as organic soil conditioners.
These act to secure microbial nutrient sources and anaerobic environment, and also decompose and remove malodorous gases generated by soil anaerobic fermentation, especially sulfur-based malodorous gases such as hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan. I think that also works.
In addition, it is well known from the past that various composts contain various microorganisms including actinomycetes and bacteria, and there are many microorganisms that efficiently decompose sulfurous malodorous substances. It is well known that there are many useful bromide-free microorganisms in compost, and that many useful bromide-free microorganisms have been isolated from various composts, and countermeasures against malodor removal in livestock manure treatment. However, it can be easily estimated from the fact that compost is used.
[0018]
Next, intensive studies were conducted on the conditions under which chemical dechlorination is carried out under an anaerobic neutral reaction in which this biological dechlorination reaction is induced. As a result, an excellent anaerobic dechlorination reaction was observed when reduced iron was added, while FeCl 2 , FeSO Four Ferrous salt such as FeCl Three No dechlorination effect was observed with the ferric salt. This is clearly shown in the data of Example 2 of the present invention. Furthermore, when this reduced iron is added, the formation and accumulation of highly toxic intermediate metabolites, which are often reported in anaerobic dechlorination reactions, are not observed at all, and all reaction products are substances that have been completely dechlorinated. It was found that the gas was converted to gas and released into the gas phase.
In addition, as above-mentioned as a kind of iron used in this invention, powder iron powder, particulate iron, and powdered reduced iron are effective, and all are marketed. Of these, powdered reduced iron is the most reactive and effective for anaerobic dechlorination.
[0019]
In addition, according to the above-described conditions, inorganic substances that are pH adjusters such as alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds in the soil (these are often referred to as inorganic soil conditioners), organic substances (Organic soil amendments) and the growth of anaerobic microorganisms present in the soil will begin immediately by adding the microbial medium, and the neutral and anaerobic environment of the soil will be rapidly formed. Regarding the mixing time of the reduced iron responsible for the chemical dechlorination reaction according to the invention to the soil, mix it at the same time as the addition of the inorganic substance, organic substance, microbial medium, there is no problem, rather, mix at the same time It is better to keep the anaerobic environment for a long period of time, and it is also cheaper in cost and advantageous in managing the pollution purification process.
[0020]
When applying the anaerobic dechlorination reaction according to the present invention to an actual contaminated site, it is not necessary to construct a large-scale facility, and after mixing various soil conditioners and reduced iron into the target contaminated soil, It is sufficient to add a growth medium and to cover the purification area with a vinyl sheet or the like for the purpose of preventing moisture transpiration and rainwater contamination and keeping warm. Moreover, it is desirable to lay humus or compost on the soil surface of the purification area as necessary to prevent malodorous gas generation and suppress moisture transpiration.
[0021]
Although the reaction mechanism of the anaerobic dechlorination reaction according to the present invention is not fully understood at present, the present inventors consider as follows. First, in order to ensure a neutral, anaerobic environment with a redox potential of 0 to -600 mV in the soil, an inorganic substance, an organic substance, and a microorganism medium as a microorganism activator are added to the soil. To create an anaerobic environment using the growth reaction of microorganisms in the soil. In this case, since the anaerobic microorganisms in the soil rapidly grow, the chemical dechlorination reaction is hardly suppressed, and the biological dechlorination reaction and the chemical dechlorination reaction start almost simultaneously.
The mechanism of biological anaerobic dechlorination reaction is not clear because it has not been sufficiently pursued microbiologically and enzymatically, but it is not clear in the anaerobic environment such as methanogenic microorganisms and sulfate-reducing microorganisms. It has been reported that when anaerobic microorganisms, various anaerobic sludges, and anaerobic microorganisms in the bottom mud are growing, chlorine is dechlorinated one by one in a very slow reaction. In the present invention, it is considered that the same mild anaerobic dechlorination reaction proceeds.
[0022]
On the other hand, regarding the principle of the anaerobic dechlorination reaction with reduced iron, the report of Sasaki (“Treatment of organochlorine-contaminated groundwater—Treatment technology under low temperature with metal iron-attached activated carbon”, PPM, 1995, Vol. 5, 64 to 70), organochlorine compounds are adsorbed on the reduced iron surface, and at the same time, the anode and cathode are polarized on the reduced iron surface due to the difference in conditions between the metal side and the environment side. This is a reaction in which iron elution and reduction (dechlorination reaction) occur.
In other words, regarding the part of the chemical dechlorination reaction of the present invention, the dechlorination activity of organic compounds on the reduced iron surface is kept high by stably securing the neutral and anaerobic environment of contaminated soil. It is also an invention characterized by being able to.
[0023]
As for the above-mentioned organochlorine compound dechlorination reaction, in the purification process according to the present invention, the chemical dechlorination reaction occupies most of the reaction at the beginning of the reaction up to one month after the start of purification. The chemical dechlorination reaction converges with the reduction and the reduction activity of reduced iron, and instead, the biological dechlorination reaction slowly becomes dominant, and further dechlorination proceeds over a long period of time. At the time when this biological dechlorination reaction begins to work, the concentration of organochlorine contamination is considerably reduced and does not cause concentration inhibition in the biological dechlorination reaction, but rather a low concentration that is good for biological reactions. It acts more actively as a dechlorination reaction for contamination. Therefore, in the purification of organic chlorine compound contamination according to the present invention, it is possible to purify to an extremely low concentration by the interaction between the chemical dechlorination reaction and the biological dechlorination reaction.
[0024]
According to the chemical and biological anaerobic dechlorination method of the present invention, a combination of an inorganic substance and an organic substance, which are low-solubility soil improvers, allows the contaminants to be eluted from the contaminated soil, and By maintaining the water retention capacity of the contaminated soil appropriately, the organic chlorine compound contaminated soil can be purified easily and inexpensively in a short period of time without penetrating the organochlorine compound contamination deep underground from the contaminated position. Is possible.
In the reaction of the present invention, the dechlorination reaction described above can be allowed to proceed until a completely chlorine-free organic compound is obtained as the main product. This is preferable from the viewpoint of purification. In that case, the organic product which does not contain chlorine, which is the main product, is ethylene or ethane. In this reaction, since an intermediate product containing harmful chlorine is hardly produced, a very favorable result is obtained. can get.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In the tetrachlorethylene purification experiment conducted in the examples of the present invention, the microbial medium for methane production shown in Table 1 or the culture medium for sulfate-reducing microorganisms shown in Table 2 was used as the microbial medium. Moreover, in any purification test, it implemented at room temperature (12-23 degreeC).
The pH was adjusted to soil: pure water = 1: 1 (weight ratio) and measured with a pH meter HM-5B manufactured by Toa Denpa Kogyo. Also,
In the measurement of the oxidation-reduction potential, the soil: anoxic water is adjusted to 1: 1 (weight ratio), and the ORP composite electrode PS-8160 is immersed in an ORP meter ODIC-3 manufactured by Toa Denpa Kogyo Co., Ltd. for 30 minutes. After measurement.
[0026]
Analysis of ethylene chlorides in soil was conducted by a method developed at Yokohama National University (Kenichi Miyamoto et al., “Method for Measuring Low-boiling Organic Pollutant Content of Soil”, Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment, 1995, Vol. 18, Vol. No. 6, pp. 477-488), the sample soil was immersed in ethanol, and the ethylenes were extracted with ethanol. Then, the ethylenes were re-extracted into decane, and the ethylenes decane solution was converted into a Hitachi Gas Chromatograph G-5000 type. And was analyzed with an FID detector.
On the other hand, for the measurement of ethylene chloride gas generated in the gas phase, the generated ethylene chloride gas was injected into a 20% TCP Chromosorb WAW DMCS 60-80 mesh column of Hitachi Gas Chromatograph G-5000 type, and with a FID detector. Analyzed by detecting. In the case of measurement of ethylene and ethane gas generated in the gas phase, the analysis was carried out by using a Porapak Q column as the column and detecting with a Hitachi gas chromatograph G-5000 type, FID detector. Further, hydrogen, carbon dioxide gas, and methane generated in the gas phase were measured with activated carbon 30/60 or Molecular sieve 13X using a GL Science Gas Chromatograph-320 type TCD detector.
[0027]
Example 1
Contaminated soil collected from the contaminated soil surface of A factory was used. In the contaminated soil, the main contaminant is PCE, and the amount of PCE contained in 1 kg of dry contaminated soil is 25 mg. With respect to 14 samples obtained by collecting 30 g of this contaminated soil in a 125 ml vial, the changes over time in the pH, redox potential, and PCE decrease of the contaminated soil were examined under the following 14 experimental conditions. The water content in each experimental system was 48 to 53%. At the time of sample preparation and after sample collection, the gas phase portion of the vial was replaced with nitrogen gas.
The contaminated soil sample is from the loam layer, and its physical properties are: moisture content 47%, permeability coefficient 10 -Four -10 -Five cm / sec, pH 6.6, redox potential 380 mV.
[0028]
Experimental conditions
A. Reaction system using microbial medium for methane production (Table 1)
(1) Control of contaminated soil
(2) 9.0 ml of contaminated soil + methanogenic medium
(3) Contaminated soil + Methanogenic medium 9.0 ml + Reduced iron 1.0 g
(4) Contaminated soil + 9.0 ml of methanogenic medium + 1.0 g of reduced iron + 1.0 g of mixed calcareous fertilizer A (main component limestone) + 1.0 g of cow dung compost + 0.5 g of humus
(5) Contaminated soil + 9.0 ml of methanogenic medium + 1.0 g of reduced iron + 1.0 g of mixed calcareous fertilizer B (main components limestone and amin) + 1.0 g of sewage sludge compost + 0.5 g of humus
(6) Contaminated soil + 9.0 ml of methanogenic medium + 1.0 g of reduced iron + 1.0 g of mixed shell fossil fertilizer (main shellfish fossil) + 1.0 g of sewage sludge compost + 0.5 g of humus
(7) Contaminated soil + 9.0 ml of methanogenic medium + 1.0 g of reduced iron + 1.0 g of mixed calcareous fertilizer + 1.0 g of humus
"Amin" is a humic acid bitter fertilizer, and its composition is humic acid (50-60%), bitter earth (15%), total nitrogen (3%), and silicic acid (3%). is there.
[0029]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004021511
[0030]
In the experimental conditions, the meaning of the formula representing the reaction system is as follows, for example, for explaining the experimental condition (4). That is,
After mixing 1.0 g of reduced iron and 1.0 g of mixed calcareous fertilizer A in a 125 ml vial containing 30 g of contaminated soil, 9.0 ml of the microbial medium for methanogenesis shown in Table 1 was added to this mixture. Then, after adding 1.0 g of cow dung compost and 0.5 g of humus, it was sealed with a butyl stopper and an aluminum seal.
As shown in FIG. 1, the PCE content of the seven specimens thus adjusted and the pH value and the oxidation-reduction potential of the specimen after 7 days are measured. The following measurement intervals are as shown in FIG.
[0031]
B. Reaction system using culture medium for sulfate-reducing microorganisms (Table 2)
(1) Control of contaminated soil
(2) 9.0 ml of contaminated soil + sulfate reduction medium
(3) Contaminated soil + sulfate reduction medium 9.0 ml + reduced iron 1.0 g
(4) Contaminated soil + 9.0 ml of sulfate reduction medium + 1.0 g of reduced iron + 1.0 g of mixed calcareous fertilizer A (main component limestone) + 1.0 g of cow dung compost + 0.5 g of humus soil
(5) Contaminated soil + 9.0 ml of sulfate reduction medium + 1.0 g of reduced iron + 1.0 g of mixed calcareous fertilizer B (main components limestone and amin) + 1.0 g of sewage sludge compost + 0.5 g of humus
(6) Contaminated soil + sulfate reduction medium 9.0 ml + reduced iron 1.0 g + mixed shell fossil fertilizer (main shell fossil) 1.0 g + sewage sludge compost 1.0 g + humus 0.5 g
(7) Contaminated soil + sulfate reduction medium 9.0 ml + reduced iron 1.0 g + mixed calcareous fertilizer A (main component limestone) 1.0 g + humus 1.0 g + humus 0.5 g
[0032]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004021511
[0033]
The test results in Example 1 are shown in FIGS. For Experiments A- (6), (7) and Experiment B, the results of PCE reduction were almost the same as Experiments A- (4), (5) or Experiments B- (4), (5). The description in the figure was omitted.
From this, the neutral environment and anaerobic environment around soil pH 7 are stable by mixing reduced iron, inorganic fertilizer and various composts in the contaminated soil and mixing the medium for methanogenic microorganisms or the medium for sulfate-reducing microorganisms. It is clear that PCE in the soil is rapidly decomposed. 1 and 2 also show that PCE decomposition is not recognized only by mixing reduced iron with contaminated soil. Moreover, it replaced with the mixed calcareous fertilizer A, and the same effect was acquired even if it used slaked lime.
[0034]
Example 2
Using PCE soil collected from the same factory A as in Example 1, and further adding PCE to the soil, experiments were conducted on highly-contaminated soil adjusted to a final contamination concentration of about 75 mg-PCE / kg-dry soil. . As in Example 1, 30 g of contaminated soil was dispensed into a 125 ml vial, and pH, oxidation-reduction potential, PCE reduction, ethylene / ethane production, hydrogen / carbon dioxide / methane were collected under the following eight experimental conditions. The amount produced was examined. The water content in each experimental system was set in the range of 48 to 53%. Experiment A- (4) and Experiment B- (4) are a sterilization of microorganisms originating from them by sterilizing contaminated soil, sewage sludge compost and humus soil in an autoclave for 60 minutes, and PCE decomposition reaction The effect of microorganisms in the system was examined.
At the time of sample preparation, the gas phase part of the vial was replaced with nitrogen.
[0035]
Experimental conditions
A. Reaction system using microbial medium for methane production (Table 1)
(1) Contaminated soil + 9.0 ml of methanogenic medium + 1.0 g of reduced iron + 1.0 g of mixed calcareous fertilizer B (main components limestone and amin) + 1.0 g of sewage sludge compost + 0.5 g of humus
(2) Contaminated soil + Methanogenic medium 9.0 ml + FeCl 2 1.0 g + mixed calcareous fertilizer B (main components limestone and aminine) 1.0 g + sewage sludge compost 1.0 g + humus 0.5 g
(3) Contaminated soil + Methanogenic medium 9.0 ml + FeSO Four 1.0 g + mixed calcareous fertilizer B (main components limestone and aminine) 1.0 g + sewage sludge compost 1.0 g + humus 0.5 g
(4) Sterilized contaminated soil + Methanogenic medium 9.0 ml + Reduced iron 1.0 g + Mixed calcareous fertilizer B (main component limestone and amine) 1.0 g + Sewage sludge compost 1.0 g + Sterilized humus 0.5 g
[0036]
B. Reaction system using culture medium for sulfate-reducing microorganisms (Table 2)
(1) Contaminated soil + 9.0 ml of sulfate reduction medium + 1.0 g of reduced iron + 1.0 g of mixed calcareous fertilizer B (main components limestone and amin) + 1.0 g of sewage sludge compost + 0.5 g of humus
(2) Contaminated soil + sulfate reduction medium 9.0 ml + FeCl 2 1.0 g + mixed calcareous fertilizer B (main components limestone and aminine) 1.0 g + sewage sludge compost 1.0 g + humus 0.5 g
(3) Contaminated soil + sulfate reduction medium 9.0 ml + FeSO Four 1.0 g + mixed calcareous fertilizer B (main components limestone and aminine) 1.0 g + sewage sludge compost 1.0 g + humus 0.5 g
(4) Sterilized contaminated soil + sulfate-reducing medium 9.0 ml + reduced iron 1.0 g + mixed calcareous fertilizer B (main components limestone and amine) 1.0 g + sterilized sewage sludge compost 1.0 g + sterilized humus 0.5 g
[0037]
The test results in Example 2 are shown in Tables 3 and 4. From the table, contaminated soil is mixed with reduced iron, inorganic fertilizer (pH adjuster), various composts, and mixed with methane-producing microorganism medium or sulfate-reducing microorganism medium, so that the soil has a neutral environment around pH 7. In addition, it is clear that the anaerobic environment is stably secured and the PCE in the soil is rapidly decomposed. On the other hand, instead of reduced iron, FeCl 2 Or FeSO Four It is clear that the PCE decomposition hardly progresses in the case where is added.
Further, even when the microorganisms are sterilized (Experiment A- (4), B- (4)), the amount of PCE degradation is considerably low. In the method of the present invention, the anaerobic dechlorination reaction is performed between It shows that it progresses by synergy.
[0038]
Table 4 shows the analysis results of the gas components generated in the vials in Experiments A- (1) and B- (1). In both of these experimental systems, large amounts of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and ethylene / ethane were observed. In Experiments A- (1) and B- (1), only trace amounts of PCE and cis-DCE were detected. When calculating the mass balance in Experiments A- (1) and B- (1), approximately 71% and 58% of the decomposition amount of PCE in the soil is converted to ethylene and ethane.
Similar results were obtained using livestock compost instead of sewage sludge compost.
[0039]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004021511
[0040]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004021511
[0041]
Example 3
The lake bottom mud (X) adjacent to the industrial zone and the surface bottom mud (Y) of the wetland were each adjusted to a final PCE concentration of 35 mg-PCE / kg-dry mud by adding PCE. Four series (X-system control and purification zone, Y-system control and purification zone) were set up in a 25-liter cylindrical stainless steel can (diameter 300 mm x height 370 mm). . The conditions for each experimental system are as follows. These experimental containers were covered with a cover for the purpose of preventing moisture transpiration and mixing of water and keeping warm. It was not necessary to lay compost or humus on the bottom mud surface, so this experiment was not performed. These three series of experiments were installed outdoors, and the pH, oxidation-reduction potential, and PCE reduction were examined over time. In addition, the outdoor temperature range during the experiment period is 7 to 18 ° C., and the moisture content of the bottom mud is about 41 to 50%.
[0042]
Figure 0004021511
The main components of beer saccharified wastewater are 9600 mg / liter reducing sugar, 180 mg / liter acetic acid, 3100 mg / liter lactic acid, 8100 mg / liter suspended material, 12700 mg / liter BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), pre-organic The carbon concentration is 5100 mg / liter.
[0043]
Table 5 shows the results of changes in PCE concentration. The pH oxidation-reduction potential is about 4.6 to 5.3 and ORP 180 to 300 mV for both the X system control and the Y system control. The X system purification zone and the Y system purification zone are pH 7 to 7.4, ORP 400 to -570 mV. Thereby, it turns out that PCE can be effectively decomposed | disassembled by the purification | cleaning method by this invention in X type | system | group purification zone and Y type | system | group purification zone.
[0044]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004021511
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
According to the purification method combining the chemical and biological anaerobic dechlorination reaction according to the present invention, the pollutant is not eluted from the pollutant by the organic chlorine compound such as the polluted soil or polluted water, and the contaminated soil or the like. In this case, by appropriately maintaining the water retention capacity of the contaminated soil, etc., purification can be achieved without penetrating the organochlorine compound contamination into the underground deeper than the contaminated position, and the treatment speed is also high. In a short period of time, soil containing organic chlorine compounds and groundwater can be purified by a simple process.
In addition, this method can treat organochlorine compounds until the main product is a completely chlorine-free organic compound such as ethylene or ethane, which is harmful in the process. Almost no intermediate product is produced, so that the problem of accumulation of the harmful intermediate product does not occur.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing test results obtained by conducting a dechlorination reaction test on anaerobic conditions on PCE-contaminated soil using a methanogenic medium according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing test results obtained by conducting a dechlorination reaction test on anaerobic conditions on PCE-contaminated soil using a sulfate reduction medium according to the present invention.

Claims (8)

有機塩素化合物の汚染物を浄化する方法において、該汚染物を還元雰囲気状態でかつ中性条件で、従属栄養型嫌気性微生物の少なくとも1種の存在下、従属栄養型嫌気性微生物の培地並びにアルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属化合物の少なくとも1種並びに有機質系各種コンポスト、堆肥化有機物の少なくとも1種、及び金属鉄の存在下で脱塩素させることを特徴とする有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。A method for purifying a contaminant of an organic chlorine compound, in a and neutral conditions reducing atmosphere state soil dyeing, at least one presence of heterotrophic anaerobic microorganisms, the culture medium of the dependent vegetative anaerobic microorganisms as well as At least one kind of alkali metal compound, alkaline earth metal compound, various organic composts, at least one kind of composting organic matter, and dechlorination in the presence of metallic iron . 前記脱塩素の反応を完全に塩素を含まない有機化合物が主な生成物として得られるまで進行させることを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。  The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to claim 1, wherein the dechlorination reaction is allowed to proceed until a completely chlorine-free organic compound is obtained as a main product. 前記の主な生成物である完全に塩素を含まない有機化合物がエチレン、エタンであることを特徴とする請求項2記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。  3. The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to claim 2, wherein the organic compound which does not contain chlorine as the main product is ethylene or ethane. 該汚染物が土壌、底質又は汚泥であり、その含水率が少なくとも25%(wt)であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。  2. The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to claim 1, wherein the contaminant is soil, sediment or sludge, and the moisture content thereof is at least 25% (wt). 前記中性条件についてpHが5.8〜8.5であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。  2. The method for purifying organochlorine compound contaminants according to claim 1, wherein the neutral condition has a pH of 5.8 to 8.5. 前記従属栄養型嫌気性微生物がメタン発生菌、硫酸還元菌の中から選ばれたものであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。The method for purifying organochlorine compound contaminants according to claim 1, wherein the heterotrophic anaerobic microorganism is selected from methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria. 前記従属栄養型嫌気性微生物として2種以上の微生物を用いることを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。The method for purifying organochlorine compound contaminants according to claim 1, wherein two or more kinds of microorganisms are used as the heterotrophic anaerobic microorganisms. 前記還元雰囲気状態として酸化還元電位(ORP)が0〜−600mVである条件とすることを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機塩素化合物汚染物の浄化方法。2. The method for purifying an organic chlorine compound contaminant according to claim 1, wherein the reducing atmosphere condition is a condition in which an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) is 0 to -600 mV.
JP02536797A 1919-02-07 1997-02-07 Purification method for organic chlorine compound contaminants Expired - Lifetime JP4021511B2 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP02536797A JP4021511B2 (en) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Purification method for organic chlorine compound contaminants
TW87101140A TW438621B (en) 1997-02-07 1998-01-26 Purification method for contaminants caused by halogenated organic compounds
US09/355,891 US6303367B1 (en) 1997-02-07 1998-01-29 Method for purifying matter contaminated with halogenated organic compounds
KR10-1999-7007092A KR100477771B1 (en) 1997-02-07 1998-01-29 Processes for purifying substances polluted with organohalogen compounds
EP98901038A EP0968773A4 (en) 1997-02-07 1998-01-29 Processes for purifying substances polluted with organohalogen compounds
CN98802362A CN1246815A (en) 1997-02-07 1998-01-29 Process for purifying substances polluted with organohalogen compounds
PCT/JP1998/000363 WO1998034740A1 (en) 1997-02-07 1998-01-29 Processes for purifying substances polluted with organohalogen compounds
US09/900,141 US6828141B2 (en) 1919-02-07 2001-07-09 Method for purifying matter contaminated with halogenated organic compounds

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP02536797A JP4021511B2 (en) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Purification method for organic chlorine compound contaminants

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10216694A JPH10216694A (en) 1998-08-18
JP4021511B2 true JP4021511B2 (en) 2007-12-12

Family

ID=12163870

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP02536797A Expired - Lifetime JP4021511B2 (en) 1919-02-07 1997-02-07 Purification method for organic chlorine compound contaminants

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4021511B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002307051A (en) * 2001-04-12 2002-10-22 Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk Contaminated soil purification system by bioremediation
JP2003112166A (en) * 2001-09-30 2003-04-15 Eiichi Tashiro Anaerobic cleaning method for soil
KR20040000859A (en) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-07 지해성 A mixture for solution of animal manure and animal manure scum
JP4821097B2 (en) * 2004-07-16 2011-11-24 株式会社大林組 Water flow anaerobic biosystem and its treatment method
JP2006320848A (en) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-30 Taisei Corp Water environment purification method and water environment purification additive
JP5244296B2 (en) * 2006-02-15 2013-07-24 一般財団法人石油エネルギー技術センター Permeability purification wall and purification method of contaminated groundwater
JP4925924B2 (en) * 2007-05-29 2012-05-09 学校法人立命館 Method and system for bioremediation
JP2009034073A (en) * 2007-08-03 2009-02-19 Japan Organo Co Ltd Method for culturing microorganism, and method for cleaning polluted soil and underground water
JP5416355B2 (en) * 2008-02-01 2014-02-12 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 Method for culturing sulfate-reducing bacteria
JP5668916B2 (en) * 2010-10-21 2015-02-12 栗田工業株式会社 Soil and groundwater purification methods
JP5897266B2 (en) * 2011-04-20 2016-03-30 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Decomposition method by in-situ treatment of organic hydrocarbon components in soil
CN111825203A (en) * 2020-06-08 2020-10-27 暨南大学 A constructed wetland sewage treatment device integrating ammoniation, nitrification, denitrification and denitrification and its application
CN113151100B (en) * 2021-05-10 2023-06-27 中山大学 Anaerobic dehalogenation microbial inoculum and amplification production method thereof
CN117772778B (en) * 2024-01-25 2024-07-16 北京市生态环境保护科学研究院 Method for restoring hexachlorobenzene-polluted soil by ferric salt-reinforced indigenous bacteria
CN120662642B (en) * 2025-08-21 2025-10-31 浙江惠宇环境工程有限公司 A method and system for pH adjustment in soil remediation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH10216694A (en) 1998-08-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Davis et al. Aerobic biodegradation of vinyl chloride in groundwater samples
Parsons et al. Transformations of tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene in microcosms and groundwater
KR100477771B1 (en) Processes for purifying substances polluted with organohalogen compounds
JP4021511B2 (en) Purification method for organic chlorine compound contaminants
Strand et al. Kinetics of chlorinated hydrocarbon degradation by suspended cultures of methane-oxidizing bacteria
Yerushalmi et al. Enhanced biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soil
Devlin et al. The effects of electron donor and granular iron on nitrate transformation rates in sediments from a municipal water supply aquifer
JP3564574B1 (en) Hexavalent chromium-contaminated soil, groundwater, and sediment purification agent and purification method
JP3401191B2 (en) Method for purifying contaminants by halogenated organic compounds
US7384556B2 (en) Methods of enhancing biodegradation of groundwater contaminants
JP4288198B2 (en) Purification method for contaminated soil
Trejo et al. Bioremediation of contaminated soils
Hwang et al. Recycling of remediated soil for effective composting of diesel-contaminated soil
JP5186169B2 (en) Purification method of soil and groundwater in aquifer
Kar et al. Studies on biodegradation of a mixture of toxic and nontoxic pollutant using Arthrobacter species
JP2003053324A (en) How to remediate oil contaminated soil
JP5481846B2 (en) Method for purifying contaminated soil or groundwater
Hasegawa et al. Nitrate removal with low N2O emission by application of sulfur denitrification in actual agricultural field
Uma et al. Kinetics of pyridine degradation along with toluene and methylene chloride with Bacillus sp. in packed bed reactor
JP2003251331A (en) Method for biologically restoring polluted soil or underground water, and additive
JP2003071431A (en) Method for cleaning thing polluted with halogenated organic compound
JP3698388B2 (en) Purification method for organic halogen compound contaminants
Jin et al. Redox potential as a controlling factor in enhancing carbon tetrachloride biodegradation
Vermace et al. Relationship between the concentration of denitrifiers and Pseudomonas spp. in soils: Implications for BTX bioremediation
Paulauskas et al. Biodegradable chelants for heavy metal removal from sludge and soil-sludge mixtures

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20050928

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20051125

RD04 Notification of resignation of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424

Effective date: 20060324

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20070404

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20070601

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20070627

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20070824

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20070919

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20070927

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101005

Year of fee payment: 3

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101005

Year of fee payment: 3

S111 Request for change of ownership or part of ownership

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101005

Year of fee payment: 3

R350 Written notification of registration of transfer

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111005

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111005

Year of fee payment: 4

S533 Written request for registration of change of name

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111005

Year of fee payment: 4

R350 Written notification of registration of transfer

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350

S111 Request for change of ownership or part of ownership

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111005

Year of fee payment: 4

R350 Written notification of registration of transfer

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121005

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131005

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131005

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20161005

Year of fee payment: 9

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term