JP4083931B2 - Stone connection and fixing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method and a fixing bracket for integrally fixing a stone of an arbitrary shape such as a natural stone or a concrete block via a rope such as a rope or a metal rod.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A plurality of natural stones and concrete blocks are arranged, and flexible ropes (wire ropes, chains, etc .; the same shall apply hereinafter) are inserted to create a combination of stones of a predetermined shape. Construction methods are proposed and used for fall structures, beach revetments, or structures for retaining slopes. For example, the present applicant also has a revetment block using natural stone (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-108437), a stonework greening method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-146241), a river purification method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-204676), a revetment reinforcement block Proposals such as (Actual Hei 6-53629), Revetment Reinforcement Block (Act 6-53629), River Block Construction (Act 6-53627), Leaf Block (Act 6-53631), etc. went.
[0003]
In these methods, a large number of natural stones or concrete blocks with irregular shapes are drilled in the center, and a plurality of stones are connected together by inserting a rope through them. Make the whole structure a strong structure and stabilize it. For example, if 40 natural stones of 3 to 5 tons per piece are connected, the total weight will be 120 to 200 tons, preventing damage and loss of structures even in rivers during floods and beaches during storms. Of course, the number of stones to be used, the weight, and whether to use natural stone or concrete blocks are designed according to the natural environment and other conditions of the application location.
[0004]
FIG. 9 shows an example of a method of connecting stones. A flexible rope 3 that connects stones together is formed by inserting an insertion hole 2 in the center (center of gravity center) of a plurality of stones 1. It is inserted and fixed at both ends. For fixing at both ends, for example, a method of making a large knot at the end of the rope to prevent the rope from coming out from the insertion hole 2, or a method of fastening by using a washer and a nut is used.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the conventional construction method in which a plurality of stone materials are connected by flexible ropes, it is the insertion work of the ropes that hinders work efficiency. This is because when a large structure is made using a large amount of stone, it is necessary to line up the insertion holes formed in the center of the stone in order to facilitate the insertion of the rope. However, free-form stones require a great deal of effort to neatly arrange the through holes in the field. This is because the weight of each stone is heavy, and the small insertion holes must be aligned accurately within a minute error by up and down and left and right.
[0006]
Another problem is the freedom of structural design of the stones to be combined. This is because the previously proposed stone linking structure of stones is mainly intended to align stones in a straight line by aligning the insertion holes in the center of the stones, thus realizing a more free combination pattern of stones in the upper, lower, left and right directions. It is a problem that cannot be done. Specifically, it is as follows.
[0007]
The conventional stone connection method uses stones of approximately the same size, and the main purpose is to arrange them in the vertical and horizontal directions. It is not possible to realize a design structure that allows for easy popping. Speaking of the left and right arrangements, as shown in FIG. 10, even when a small stone 6 is placed between large stones 5, it is not only necessary to align the stone insertion holes 2 in a straight line. Even if it is desired to express the stone unevenness greatly, the small stone 6 cannot be moved freely, so that the expression of the unevenness indicated by the symbol F must be designed finely in consideration of the balance of the size of the stone. Otherwise, as shown in FIG. 11, the insertion holes 2 are not aligned in a row, and the cord cannot be extended.
[0008]
In terms of upper and lower design, the conventional stone structure has a main purpose of aligning the stone surface according to the slope angle of the slope. However, as shown in FIG. 12, for example, when the lower stone row 7 protrudes in front of the slope 9 and the upper stone row 8 is averaged and located deeper, the conventional insertion is required. It is difficult to design a free structure by the insertion method using the holes (2) and the ropes (3). This is because, as a whole of the stone structure, it is not sufficient that the stones are aligned and fixed in the horizontal direction, and the mutual fixing in the vertical direction is often necessary. In such a case, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, it is possible in principle to provide the insertion hole 2 according to the inclination angle of the slope 9, but it is difficult to form the insertion hole 2 at the work site. However, it is not realistic to form the insertion hole 2 in advance by assuming the inclination angle of the slope and the arrangement order of the stones at the stone processing plant.
[0009]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to simplify the connecting and fixing of stones and at the same time increase the freedom of design of stone structures arranged vertically and horizontally.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the method for connecting stones according to the present invention is as follows.
Using a connecting fixture composed of a plurality of fixing brackets having an annular member disposed at the end of a substantially linear leg and a rope inserted through the annular member, at least one small hole is drilled in the stone surface, The leg of the fixing metal fitting is fitted into the small hole, the rope is extended, and both ends thereof are fixed at appropriate positions.
[0011]
Also upon which stretched the rope, placing the reinforcement member in position behind the stone, it stretched installed the rope while applying a rope in the reinforcement member.
[0012]
Moreover, the fixing bracket which implement | achieves this construction method is provided with the leg part inserted in the small hole of a stone material, and the cyclic | annular member distribute | arranged to the upper end of a leg part, and the leg part is the substantially rod shape of the whole shape. The base end is expanded and molded so that it is slightly larger than the general outer diameter of the leg, while the outer diameter of the lower end of the leg is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the leg. The floating metal fitting is fitted and arranged, and a slit reaching the lower edge from the upper end portion is formed in the floating metal fitting, and a stopper that restricts the upward movement of the floating member is arranged on the upper edge portion of the floating member. Further, the annular member may be provided with a screwing means that is screwed into a thread formed on the upper portion of the leg portion and moves up and down by rotation.
[0013]
Embodiment
The method for fixing and connecting stones according to the present invention eliminates the troublesome work by inserting a rope through the aligned annular member using a fixing bracket in which an annular member is arranged on a linear leg.
[0014]
FIG. 1 illustrates a case where stones 1 are connected in the lateral direction, and shows a state in which a fixing metal fitting 10 is fixed to each stone 1. Reference numeral 11 is an annular member (ring), and 12 is a leg portion driven into the stone 1. The outer diameter and length of the leg can be designed freely. The inner diameter of the annular member 11 can be freely designed according to the outer diameter of the rope. The fixture 10 is formed of metal or resin.
[0015]
If such a fixture 10 is used, it is only necessary to align the positions of the annular members 11 in almost one row regardless of the size of the adjacent stone 1, so that the trouble of forming the insertion hole 2 in the stone 1 is eliminated, Adjacent stones can be firmly connected and fixed in the left-right and up-down directions while freely placing the stone 1 at the work site. Further, the amount of unevenness produced by the adjacent stone material can be freely changed by adjusting the driving amount of the leg portion 12, and sufficient freedom in modeling can be ensured. FIG. 2 exemplifies the case where stones 1-1 and 1-2 having different sizes are arranged in the vertical direction. For example, by setting the annular member 11 at an inclination angle along the slope 9, It is very easy to connect and fix the upper and lower stones to each other. Since it is not necessary to form the insertion hole 2 in the stone material 1, the work process can be simplified, and the problem of alignment of the insertion holes when the stone material 1 is installed does not occur, so that the operation cost is significantly reduced. Natural slope, gravel, or concrete can be used for the slope 9, but since there is a sufficient space in the slope during operation, it is not difficult to drive and fix the fixture 10.
[0016]
In the construction method according to the present invention, small holes for driving the leg portions 12 into the stone material 1 may be formed in the field, so that small holes as necessary are formed on the left and right and top and bottom after the stone material 1 is installed, and the fixture 10 Wear. The fixing bracket 10 that connects the stone 1 to the left and right and the top and bottom can be shared depending on the thickness of the rope, but the fixing bracket 10 that connects the top and bottom and the left and right can be arranged separately. Of course. Unlike the case where the insertion hole is drilled in the center of the stone material, it is easy to form a small hole according to the amount of driving of the leg portion, and the fixing bracket 10 connected in each direction can be arranged adjacently.
[0017]
3 and 4 illustrate the coupling and fixing method of the stone material. This mainly reinforces the structure in the steep slope, and when the stone 1 is stacked up and down, the rope 3 inserted through the annular member 11 is hung around the reinforcing reinforcing member 70 behind and expanded. It is. For example, the reinforcing reinforcing member 70 is stably disposed by frictional resistance with a backing material (gravel, natural soil, etc.). Of course, if necessary, it is possible to cast in concrete and fix it completely. The reinforcing bars 70 may be, for example, reinforcing bars or prisms (structures) having an appropriate size.
[0018]
According to such a structure, the rope 3 is hung around the reinforcing bar 70, while the reinforcing bar 70 is stabilized by the slope structure (gravel etc.), and the connected stone 1 is vertically and vertically. The movement is also restrained. Since the stone 1 and gravel are integrated, the stability is increased. For this reason, the stone structure on the surface is not damaged by the flooding of the river, the excavation of the slope due to the typhoon, and other reasons, and the original state is maintained.
[0019]
When the reinforcing bar 70 is used, installation work of the reinforcing bar 70 is required. However, when the slope structure is made, various reinforcing members are required. Is not required. In addition, since stone materials should just be mutually stable, you may contact every other piece, for example, and may contact every other top and bottom. Two or more stones can be connected to each other, and two or more stones can be connected to each other.
[0020]
The separation distance between the annular member 11 and the reinforcing reinforcing member 70 varies depending on the size of the stone material 1, but is specifically about 5 to 50 cm, for example. In this case, it is advantageous that the distance is increased to some extent because the sense of stability increases. The outer diameter of the reinforcing bar 70 is desirably at least 1 cm. The cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing bar 70 is not limited. Further, in FIG. 4, the reinforcing bars 70 are shown not to be arranged in each row of the stones 1 but to be provided every other row. However, the installation intervals of the reinforcing bars 70 can of course be designed freely, and one piece depending on the size of the stones 1. A plurality of reinforcing bars 70 may be arranged in the nectar on the stone material 1, and in this case, a plurality of fixing brackets 10 are arranged on one stone material 1.
[0021]
FIG. 5 shows an example of a stone fixture according to claim 3. The fixing bracket 10 includes an annular member 11 for inserting a rope or other rope, and a screw member 12 for moving the annular member 11 up and down, while a leg portion 21 for driving into a small hole in a stone. And a screw thread 22 is cut at the upper end portion of the leg portion 21, and the screw member 12 fixed to the annular member 11 is moved up and down by rotation.
[0022]
Further, the leg portion 21 is formed by expanding the lower end portion thereof. The code | symbol 23 shows the expansion part. In addition, a floating member 31 is disposed above the expanding portion 23, and a stopper 37 is disposed above the floating member 31. Since the stopper 37 restricts the upward movement of the floating member 31, it is desirable to integrally fix the stopper 37 to the leg portion 21.
[0023]
The expansion part 23 is for expanding the floating member 31 when an external force is applied in the pulling direction to increase the frictional force with the wall of the small stone hole. Therefore, when the dimension of the leg portion 21 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the general portion 25, for example, when the outer diameter of the general portion 25 is about 8 to 10 mm, for example, the outside of the lowermost end portion 27 of the expanding portion 23 is increased. The diameter should be 20 to 50% larger than that, specifically about 10 to 15 mm, for example, and need not be an extremely wide spread angle. Rather, if the expanded portion 23 is extremely widened, it is difficult to drive the leg portion 21 into the stone material, which is not preferable. In a normal case, if the lowermost end of the leg portion 21 is designed to have a width of about 2 to 4 mm beyond the outer diameter of the general portion 25, the object is achieved.
[0024]
The idler member 31 has a slit 33 that reaches from the upper edge to the lower edge. The slit 33 expands the entire outer peripheral surface of the floating member 31 substantially uniformly when an external force in the pulling direction is applied to the leg portion 21. The width dimension of the slit 33 does not matter. This is because it is sufficient that the loose member 31 having a substantially cylindrical shape can be expanded as a whole. The floating member 31 may be press-arranged so that a flat plate formed into a predetermined shape is held by the general portion 25 of the leg portion 21. According to such a molding method, the slit 33 is easily formed, and the fixing bracket 10 can be easily manufactured.
[0025]
Moreover, although the floating member 31 is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole, it is particularly preferable to reduce the panel area of the lower end surface in order to make the entire expansion operation more reliable when subjected to a drawing load. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of notches 38 are provided at the lower end. The shape of the notch 38 is preferably formed so as to expand downward, so that the expansion operation is easily started even when a slight external force is applied in the drawing direction. Reference numeral 39 denotes an expanded surface of the notch 38. With such a structure, the member area of the lower edge 41 can be reduced while maintaining the overall rigidity of the floating member 31.
[0026]
FIG. 7 illustrates the state of the connecting member 10 according to the present invention at the time of driving. Reference numeral 50 is a stone, 51 is a small hole drilled in the stone, and an arrow Q is a moving direction of the leg 21 at the time of driving. The small hole 51 is desirably formed in the field. At that time, the inner diameter of the small hole 51 is matched with the outer diameter of the lowermost end 27 of the leg 21 as much as possible. When the leg portion 21 of the connecting member 10 is driven into the small hole 51 in such a state, the outer peripheral edge portion of the distal end portion 27 of the leg portion 21 enters the deep portion while being in contact with the small hole inner wall 55. At this time, since the outer peripheral surface 35 of the idler member 31 also contacts the small hole inner wall 55, the idler member 31 moves relatively upward, and its upper end abuts against the lower surface 37D of the stopper 37 to restrict further upward movement. Is done. In this state, the leg 21 enters the small hole. Usually, this state is maintained and the stone structure is maintained.
[0027]
On the other hand, FIG. 8 illustrates the state of the leg 21 when an external force in the pulling direction indicated by the arrow X is applied to the leg 21. In this case, the leg portion 21 itself is designed to be thinner than the inner diameter of the small hole except for its lowermost end portion 27, and therefore attempts to move upward (in the direction of the arrow X), but at the same time contacts the inner wall 55 of the small hole. The floating member 31 is relatively moved downward, the lower edge 41 of the floating member 31 comes into contact with the expanded inclined surface Z of the expanded portion 23, and if the further downward movement is attempted, the expanded inclined surface Z The lower edge 41 is pushed out.
[0028]
Since the floating member 31 has the slit 33 reaching from the upper end to the lower end, the floating member 31 expands as a whole, further increasing the pressing force to the small hole inner wall 55 and increasing the frictional resistance in the pulling direction (arrow X direction). . That is, the floating member 31 is further expanded as the force in the pulling direction is stronger, and the contact resistance with the small hole inner wall 55 is increased and resists external force. As a result, the floating member 31 continues to resist until it is finally broken (broken / sheared) by an external force in the pulling direction, and prevents the connecting member 10 from coming out or falling off. In addition, it can be said that there is almost no possibility that the members constituting the floating member 31 will cause the final fracture even if the thickness is set to about 1 to 3 mm using a normal metal plate. This is because the member is expanded and pressed in the small hole of the stone, and is not the expanded action in the released free space.
[0029]
In addition, the connection member which concerns on Claim 3 is not limited to the said Example. For example, the annular member for insertion may be arranged at the upper end of the leg portion or the side end portion of the leg portion, or may be an integrally fixed type that cannot rotate. Further, the leg portion need not be a round bar type (circular cross section), but may be a prismatic type (polygonal cross section). The floating member is the same. However, it is preferable that at least the floating member has a circular cross section (cylindrical shape) in order to increase the contact area with the inner wall of the small hole. Further, metal forming is most advantageous in terms of rigidity and cost as a material for the connecting member, but reinforced resin may be used for the whole or a part thereof. The stopper that restricts the upward movement of the floating member may be a simple protrusion or a member that is fixed by adhesion or the like.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the stone connecting and fixing method according to the present invention, it is possible to simplify the connecting and fixing of stones, and it is possible to increase the freedom of design of stone structures arranged vertically and horizontally. Moreover, according to the fixing bracket according to the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent the fixing bracket driven into the stone from coming out, and the stone installation efficiency at the construction site. And fixing work can be enhanced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating connection and fixing of stones according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view illustrating another method for connecting and fixing stones according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating another method for connecting and fixing stones according to the present invention.
4 is a plan view of the connection fixing method shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of the appearance of a connection fixture according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a floating member according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a state at the time of driving in the connection fixing metal fitting according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state when the connection fixing metal fitting according to the present invention is pulled out.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a connecting structure of stone materials.
FIG. 10 is a second view illustrating a connecting structure of stone materials.
FIG. 11 is a third view illustrating the stone connection structure;
FIG. 12 is a view showing an example of a conventional structure for connecting stone materials.
FIG. 13 is a second view showing an example of a conventional structure for connecting stone materials.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Stone 3 Line 10 Fixing Bracket 11 Ring Member (Ring)
12 Leg part 11 Ring member 12 Screw member 21 Leg part 22 Thread 23 Expanded part 25 General part 27 Lowermost end part 31 Moving member 33 Slit 35 Outer peripheral surface 37 Stopper 37D Lower end surface 38 Notch part 39 Expanded surface 41 of the notch part Lower edge 50 of the floating member 51 Stone 51 Small hole 55 Stone inner wall 70 Reinforcement reinforcement

Claims (1)

A method of connecting and fixing multiple stones to each other,
Using a connecting fixture composed of a plurality of fixing brackets having an annular member disposed at the end of a substantially linear leg and a rope inserted through the annular member, at least one small hole is drilled in the stone surface, The leg portion of the fixing bracket is fitted into the small hole, the rope is extended, and both ends thereof are fixed at appropriate positions ,
A stone connecting and fixing method characterized in that a reinforcing bar is arranged inside a slope structure separated from a fixing bracket, and the cord is extended and arranged while the reinforcing bar is hung on each reinforcing bar. .

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