JP4077301B2 - Logistics equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a physical distribution device used in an automatic warehouse, and more particularly to a physical distribution device that uses a plurality of moving shelves for storing articles and a stacker crane that moves along the front of each moving shelf to load and unload articles.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Luggage such as containers, pallets, trays, etc., having a plurality of movable shelves having a plurality of rack parts, and a stacker crane that can travel along the front surface of each movable shelf, and storing articles in a predetermined rack part There is a known logistics device that uses a stacker crane to move in and out. In such a logistics apparatus using a plurality of moving shelves and stacker cranes, the moving shelves move on the shelf rails laid on the floor surface in a direction perpendicular to the front surface, and the stacker cranes are on the floor surface. It moves on the laid crane rail in a direction perpendicular to the moving shelf.
[0003]
Since the movable shelf and the stacker crane move in the orthogonal direction, the shelf rail and the crane rail are arranged orthogonal to each other. In addition, the shelf wheels disposed on the lower part of the movable shelf and the crane wheels disposed on the lower part of the stacker crane that run on each rail are used to skew, meander and derail the movable shelf and the stacker crane. In order to prevent each, the thing with a flange is used, and the structure which divides | segments one or both rails is employ | adopted in the orthogonal part of each rail in order to prevent interference of this flange.
[0004]
However, when the rails are divided in this way, vibrations are generated not less on the movable shelf main body or the stacker crane main body when the wheels pass through the dividing portion. When vibration occurs in this way, there is a problem in that the positioning accuracy of the movable shelf or the stacker crane is hindered and accurate positioning cannot be performed. Therefore, two sets of two wheels with flanges are used, the interval between each wheel is set shorter than the dividing part, and even if one wheel reaches the dividing part, the other wheel is positioned on the rail. A technique for preventing the occurrence of vibration is described in, for example, “Patent Document 1” or “Patent Document 2”.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-181813 (page 3-5, FIG. 6)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-107307 (Page 5, FIG. 7)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described logistics apparatus, since the rail has a dividing portion, the occurrence of vibration cannot be completely prevented. In addition, since the wheel drops and rides up at the dividing portion, noise is generated. Usually, such a logistics apparatus is often arranged in a sealed space, so that even a small sound has a large reverberation, and the problem of noise generation cannot be ignored. Furthermore, since four wheels are used, there is a problem that the cost is increased and the leveling is very difficult.
[0007]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and provides a physical distribution device capable of completely preventing the occurrence of vibration and noise with a simple structure without increasing the cost.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 includes a plurality of movable shelves having a plurality of rack portions for storing articles, and each having a shelf wheel at a lower portion thereof, each movable in a direction perpendicular to the front surface of its own, and a floor surface And a rail formed on the floor surface between any two of the movable shelves when the movable shelf is moved. A stacker crane that has crane wheels in the lower part and is provided so as to be movable along each front surface of the movable shelf, and for loading and unloading articles with respect to a predetermined rack part of the rack parts, A logistics apparatus comprising: a crane rail laid in the passage and on which the crane wheel is placed; and a traverser loaded with the stacker crane and provided so as to be movable in the same direction as the moving shelf. The shelf They comprise an integral planar contact with each other at Rutotomoni intersection thereof are arranged to cross the each other physician at the same height from the floor surface, respectively the rail and the crane rails, the said rack wheel crane Each wheel is a flat wheel having no flange, and the movable shelf is a lower part of each of the wheels for preventing the skew, meandering and derailment of the movable shelf at a position where it does not interfere with the crane rail when moving. It has a row prevention member, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the physical distribution device according to the first aspect, the skew prevention member further includes a plurality of rings that sandwich the shelf rail from both sides thereof.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the physical distribution device according to the first aspect, the skew prevention member is a wheel with a flange that rolls on the shelf rail .
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the physical distribution device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the lower part of the moving shelf is located at a position where the moving shelf does not interfere with the crane rail. Drive gears that are rotationally driven during the movement are respectively disposed, and a drive rack that meshes with the drive gears is disposed between the crane rails on the floor surface and in parallel with the shelf rails. It is characterized by.
[0012]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the physical distribution device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the stacker crane further includes a guide member that prevents the tilting of the stacker crane in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction during the movement. It is characterized by having .
[0013]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the physical distribution apparatus according to the fifth aspect, the guide member is further supported by the moving shelf positioned on the side of the passage where the stacker crane moves .
[0016]
【Example】
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a physical distribution apparatus employing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the distribution apparatus 1 includes fixed shelves 2A and 2B, movable shelves 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F, 3G, 3H, and 3I, a traverser 4, and a stacker crane disposed between the fixed shelves 2A and 2B. 5 etc.
[0017]
Each of the fixed shelves 2A and 2B has a frontage on the surface facing each other, and a plurality of racks for storing articles are formed on each frontage surface. Each of the fixed shelves 2A and 2B has a bilaterally symmetric shape, and is configured such that the rack portions face each other.
[0018]
Each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I has the same shape, and each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I has a plurality of rack portions 3b at the top as shown in FIGS. 3a, and a plurality of leg portions 3c each having a plurality of shelf wheels 3d at the bottom. In the present embodiment, the rack portions 3b are arranged in six rows and four stages, and the rack portions 3b are provided on both front surfaces of the movable shelves 3A to 3I. Seven legs 3c are attached to both sides viewed from the front surface of the shelf 3a and the lower part between each rack 3b, and two rack wheels 3d are supported on each leg 3c. 3e is rotatably supported by each. Each shelf wheel 3d has the same flat cylindrical shape without a flange.
[0019]
Each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I is moved between the second leg portion 3c and the third leg portion 3c, which are located below the respective movable shelves 3A to 3I. Gear support portions 3f for supporting the drive gear 3g are provided. Each drive gear 3g is rotatably supported by each gear support portion 3f by a support shaft 3h, and is rotationally driven by a drive motor 3i provided below each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I. As shown in FIG. 3, each drive gear 3g has a circumferential surface of only x in the center in the width direction (direction orthogonal to the movement direction) of each movable shelf 3A to 3I rather than the circumferential surface of each shelf wheel 3d. It is supported so as to protrude downward.
[0020]
Each shelf wheel 3 d of each of the movable shelves 3 </ b> A to 3 </ b> I is placed on a plurality of shelf rails 7 laid on the floor surface 6. Each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I is individually moved on the shelf rail 7 in a direction perpendicular to the front face by driving each drive motor 3i based on a remote command from an operation panel (not shown). A passage 23 shown in FIG. 1 is formed between any two of the moving shelves 3A to 3I. The structure of the shelf rail 7 and the driving mechanism of each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I will be described later.
[0021]
The traverser 4 has a plurality of traveling wheels (not shown) in the lower part thereof, and each traveling wheel is on a floor surface 6 positioned on the side of each fixed shelf 2A, 2B and each movable shelf 3A-3I. These are placed on a pair of traverser rails 8 laid in the same direction as the moving direction of each of the moving shelves 3A to 3I. The traverser 4 is moved in the same direction as the moving directions of the movable shelves 3A to 3I based on a remote command from an operation panel (not shown) in a state where a stacker crane 5 described later is placed on the upper surface thereof.
[0022]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the stacker crane 5 has a saddle 9 at a lower portion thereof, and a plurality of crane wheels 10 for crane traveling are rotatably attached to the saddle 9. Each crane wheel 10 can travel on one of a plurality of crane rails 11 laid on the floor surface 6, and the fixed rack 2 </ b> A, 2B or a roller 12 as a guide member that engages with a rail 13 provided on each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I is provided so that the stacker crane 5 can run stably without falling down. Has been. The stacker crane 5 is moved on the crane rail 11 along the frontage of each shelf by driving a traveling motor 14 attached to the saddle 9 based on a remote command from an operation panel (not shown). .
[0023]
On the upper surface of the saddle 9, one mast 15 is erected almost vertically. The mast 15 has a base end integrally fixed to the upper surface of the saddle 9 by a method such as bolting or welding, and supports an elevating member 17 integrally having a load receiving portion 16 so as to be movable up and down. The elevating member 17 is attached to the mast 15 via a rack and pinion mechanism or a chain mechanism, and is raised and lowered along the mast 15 by an elevating motor 18 attached to the saddle 9.
[0024]
On the side of the mast 15 opposite to the side on which the elevating member 17 is attached, a reinforcing member 19 is attached for suppressing the shaking of the mast 15 mainly in the crane traveling direction. The reinforcing member 19 has a prismatic shape in which metal materials are joined by welding or the like, and its bottom is fixed to the upper surface of the saddle 9 by welding or screwing.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 6, each shelf rail 7 is laid in the present embodiment at a position where each shelf wheel 3 d can be placed on the floor surface 6, and is parallel to each other. Are arranged as follows. Each crane rail 11 is located at a position at which the stacker crane 5 can move along the front surfaces of the fixed shelves 2A and 2B or the movable shelves 3A to 3I regardless of which of the movable shelves 3A to 3I is moved. In the present embodiment, ten of the moving shelves 3A to 3I are laid at equal intervals in a position where the passage 23 is formed. The length of each rail 11 for the crane is determined so that the stacker crane 5 can carry in / out goods to any rack portion of each shelf (see the broken line in FIG. 1). Is determined so as not to interfere with the moving traverser 4. The interval between the crane rails 11 is slightly wider than the lateral width of the stacker crane 5 (the length in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction) in which the stacker crane 5 can travel while engaging the rollers 12 with the rails 13. Each is determined to have a predetermined size.
[0026]
7 and 8 are enlarged views of the intersection between the shelf rail 7 and the crane rail 11. The shelf rail 7 is fixed on the gantry 7a, and the crane rail 11 is fixed on the gantry 11a, and the upper surfaces of the rails 7 are arranged at the same height. The rack rail 7 is formed integrally with the gantry 7a so as to pass through the intersecting crane rails 11. The gantry 11a is divided so as not to interfere with the gantry 7a, and the crane rail 11 has a divided end portion. It arrange | positions so that the side part of the rail 7 for shelves may contact and comprise a plane integrally.
[0027]
In FIG. 6, between the second shelf rail 7 and the third shelf rail 7 from the left, and between the fifth shelf rail 7 and the sixth shelf rail 7, each movement Drive racks 20 that mesh with the respective drive gears 3f are arranged at positions facing the drive gears 3f provided on the shelves 3A to 3I. The drive racks 20 are arranged on the floor surface 6 so as to be parallel to the shelf rails 7, and a plurality of drive racks 20 are separated in a state of being separated between the crane rails 11 so as not to interfere with the crane rails 11. 18 in the case of the embodiment).
[0028]
9 and 10 show a state in which the movable shelf 3A is placed on the shelf rail 7. FIG. In this state, each shelf wheel 3 d is positioned on the shelf rail 7, and the drive gear 3 g meshes with the drive rack 20. As a result, each movable shelf 3A is individually driven by rotating the drive gear 3g by the operation of the drive motor 3i, and the drive gear 3g meshes with the drive rack 20 fixed on the floor surface 6. Moved. In each figure, a thick one-dot chain line and a thick solid line indicate one movement limit position of the moving shelf 3A, and a thin two-dot chain line indicates the other movement limit position. In each figure, only the movable shelf 3A is shown as a representative, but the other movable shelves 3B to 3I are the same.
[0029]
As can be seen from the drawings, when each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I moves, each shelf wheel 3d passes only on the crane rail 11 located closest to itself, and on the other crane rail 11 Does not pass. Further, the drive gear 3g located at the center in the width direction of each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I does not pass over the crane rail 11 at all. Accordingly, each shelf wheel 3d can be a flat wheel without a flange, and the shelf rail 7 and the crane rail 11 can be integrally configured so as to be flush with each other.
[0030]
However, in the above-described configuration, since each shelf wheel 3d does not have a flange, each moving shelf 3A to 3I may be skewed or derailed. Therefore, in the present invention, a skew prevention member for preventing this problem is attached to each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I. The skew prevention member is composed of four rollers 21 that are ring bodies, and each roller 21 is attached to the leg portion 3c with its peripheral surface in contact with the side surface of the shelf rail 7. It is supported by a bracket that does not rotate. The arrangement positions of the rollers 21 are determined so that they are in the vicinity of the center position in the width direction of the movable shelves 3A to 3I and are not in contact with the crane rails 11 when the movable shelves 3A to 3I are moved. It has been.
[0031]
With the above-described configuration, the shelf rails 7 and the crane rails 11 can be arranged without being divided without hindering the movement of each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I and the stacker crane 5, and each of the movable shelves 3A to 3I and By preventing the occurrence of vibration in the stacker crane 5, it is possible to obtain the effects of improving the positioning accuracy and preventing the generation of noise without increasing the cost.
[0032]
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which four rollers 21 are used as the skew prevention member is shown. However, the skew prevention member is not limited to this, and for example, as shown in FIG. 11, it rolls on the shelf rail 7. A flanged wheel 22 having a wheel portion 22a to be engaged and a flange portion 22b sandwiching both sides of the shelf rail 7 and rotatably supported by the leg portion 3c by a support shaft 22c may be used. Also by this, it is possible to obtain the same effect as the above-described embodiment.
[0033]
In the said Example and modification, although it did not mention about the material of the wheel 10 for cranes, and the rail 11 for cranes, noise prevention effect is improved further by using the thing made from resin as the wheel 10 for cranes. Can do. When a resin wheel is used as the crane wheel 10, it is desirable to use a crane rail 11 whose surface is painted to improve the frictional force with the rail. The same applies to the shelf wheel 3d and the shelf rail 7. However, since the shelf wheel 3d has a large number, the cost can be significantly increased.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to arrange the shelf rail and the crane rail together without interrupting the movement of each movable shelf and the stacker crane, and to generate vibration to each movable shelf and the stacker crane. By preventing this, it is possible to obtain the effects of improving positioning accuracy and preventing noise generation without increasing the cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a physical distribution apparatus adopting an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a movable shelf used in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a movable shelf used in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a stacker crane used in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a stacker crane used in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a shelf rail, a crane rail and a drive rack used in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of an intersection of a shelf rail and a crane rail used in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a side view of an intersection of a shelf rail and a crane rail used in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view for explaining a mounting state and a moving state on a shelf rail of a moving shelf used in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic side view for explaining a mounting state and a moving state of the moving shelf on the shelf rail used in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view for explaining a skew prevention member used in a modification of one embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Distribution apparatus 3A-3I Moving shelf 3b Rack part 3d Shelf wheel 3g Drive gear 4 Traverser 5 Stacker crane 6 Floor surface 7 Rack rail 10 Crane wheel 11 Crane rail 12 Guide member (roller)
20 Drive rack 21 Skew prevention member (roller)
22 Skew prevention member (wheel with flange)
23 passage

Claims (6)

A plurality of racks for storing articles and a shelf wheel at the bottom, a plurality of movable shelves movable in a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the respective rack, and the shelf wheel laid on the floor surface The shelf rail to be placed, the passage formed on the floor between any two of the movable shelves when the movable shelf is moved, and the crane wheel at the bottom A stacker crane that is provided so as to be movable along each front surface of the movable shelf and that stores articles in and out of a predetermined rack portion of the rack portions; and In a logistics apparatus having a rail for a crane on which wheels for loading are placed, and a traverser mounted on the stacker crane so as to be movable in the same direction as the moving direction of the movable shelf,
The comprise an integral planar contact with each other at Rutotomoni intersection thereof are arranged to cross the each other physician from each shelf rail and the crane rails the floor at the same height, the shelf wheels And the crane wheels are flat wheels without flanges, and the moving shelves have their own slanting, meandering and derailing at their lower positions where they do not interfere with the crane rails during their movement. A physical distribution device having a skew prevention member for preventing . The physical distribution device according to claim 1,
The logistics apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the skew prevention member includes a plurality of rings that sandwich the shelf rail from both sides thereof . The physical distribution device according to claim 1,
The logistics apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the skew prevention member is a flanged wheel that rolls on the shelf rail . The physical distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Drive gears that are rotationally driven at the time of movement are respectively disposed at positions below the movable shelf and that do not interfere with the crane rail when the movable shelf is moved, and between the crane rails on the floor surface. A physical distribution apparatus, wherein a drive rack that meshes with the drive gear is disposed at a position parallel to the shelf rail . In the physical distribution apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The physical distribution apparatus, wherein the stacker crane has a guide member that prevents the stacker crane from falling in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction when the stacker crane moves . The logistics apparatus according to claim 5, wherein
The physical distribution device, wherein the guide member is supported by the moving shelf located on a side of the passage where the stacker crane moves .

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