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JP3968301B2 - Image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Image forming apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3968301B2
JP3968301B2 JP2002371685A JP2002371685A JP3968301B2 JP 3968301 B2 JP3968301 B2 JP 3968301B2 JP 2002371685 A JP2002371685 A JP 2002371685A JP 2002371685 A JP2002371685 A JP 2002371685A JP 3968301 B2 JP3968301 B2 JP 3968301B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
holding member
image
image forming
image carrier
forming unit
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002371685A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003316105A (en
Inventor
健 斉藤
哲郎 三浦
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002371685A priority Critical patent/JP3968301B2/en
Priority to EP03001359A priority patent/EP1331525A3/en
Priority to CN031105467A priority patent/CN100407059C/en
Priority to US10/351,410 priority patent/US6978103B2/en
Publication of JP2003316105A publication Critical patent/JP2003316105A/en
Priority to US11/073,869 priority patent/US7203446B2/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G2215/00Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
    • G03G2215/01Apparatus for electrophotographic processes for producing multicoloured copies
    • G03G2215/0103Plural electrographic recording members
    • G03G2215/0119Linear arrangement adjacent plural transfer points
    • G03G2215/0122Linear arrangement adjacent plural transfer points primary transfer to an intermediate transfer belt
    • G03G2215/0125Linear arrangement adjacent plural transfer points primary transfer to an intermediate transfer belt the linear arrangement being horizontal or slanted
    • G03G2215/0132Linear arrangement adjacent plural transfer points primary transfer to an intermediate transfer belt the linear arrangement being horizontal or slanted vertical medium transport path at the secondary transfer

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  • Electrophotography Configuration And Component (AREA)
  • Color Electrophotography (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電子写真方式の画像形成装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、電子写真方式を利用した複写機、プリンタ、ファクシミリ装置等の画像形成装置においては、感光体等の像担持体の周囲に電子写真プロセスに従い帯電装置、現像装置等の作像プロセス部材が配設されている。
【0003】
また、カラー画像形成装置の場合であれば、各種方式があるが、例えばタンデム方式では、YMCBk(イエロー、マゼンタ、シアン、ブラック)の各色毎に感光体(像担持体)とその周囲の作像プロセス部材とを設ける構成とされ、各色毎の感光体上に形成された各色トナー像を、例えば各感光体に共通に設けられたベルト状の転写部材(第2像担持体)上に一旦重ね合わせ転写させ、この転写部材上の重ね合わせられたトナー像を転写紙等の記録材上に転写させるようにしている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この種の画像形成装置において、ユーザによるメンテナンス・交換作業を可能としたものとして、従来から、感光体や現像装置を一体に構成し、装置本体から着脱自在としたプロセスカートリッジ(或いは、プロセスユニット)形態が知られている。プロセスカートリッジは感光体や現像装置等の作像手段が一体であるために、カートリッジの寿命が来た場合にユーザによる交換作業が簡易であるというメリットを有するが、その反面、複数の作像手段が一体に構成されているためにプロセスカートリッジ中の一部の作像手段の寿命が尽きた場合にもカートリッジ全体を交換する必要があり、コスト高であるとともに環境への負荷も大きいというデメリットを有する。
【0005】
このようなことから、感光体や、現像ユニットなどの感光体に隣接する作像ユニットなどは、各寿命に応じて各構成要素単位で交換する、いわゆる一体型使い捨てから長寿命分解型への移行が時代の流れとなりつつある。
【0006】
しかしながら、このような長寿命分解型の構成を考えた場合、特にタンデム型のフルカラー画像形成装置では、その対象部材が多く、ユーザレベルでのメンテナンス・交換作業等に際してその作業が極めて面倒かつ難しいものとなってしまう。
【0007】
本発明は、タンデム方式のカラー画像形成装置のように複数の像担持体を備える画像形成装置に関して、メンテナンス・交換の作業性の向上も確保できるようにすることを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1記載の発明の画像形成装置は、複数の像担持体と、これらの複数の像担持体を遊びを持ってまとめて保持する像担持体保持部材と、前記像担持体の各々に対して少なくとも現像処理を含む作像処理を施す複数の作像ユニットと、これらの複数の作像ユニットをまとめて保持する作像ユニット保持部材と、を備え、前記各像担持体は、前記像担持体保持部材に対して並列に配置され、かつ、該像担持体保持部材に対して上方より載置されて着脱自在に保持されており、前記各作像ユニットは、前記作像ユニット保持部材に対して並列に配置され、かつ、該作像ユニット保持部材に対して上方より載置されて着脱自在に保持されており、前記像担持体保持部材と前記作像ユニット保持部材の両方とも装置本体に対して引出し自在であり、前記像担持体保持部材が装置本体内の所定位置に位置された状態で前記像担持体の各々が前記装置本体に対して位置決めされるように構成され前記作像ユニット保持部材が該像担持体保持部材に対して近接又は押圧状態となるように押し上げることで、位置決めされた前記像担持体の各々に対して前記作像ユニット保持部材に保持されている前記作像ユニットの各々が位置決めされるように構成されたものである
従って、像担持体保持部材に対して複数の像担持体が遊びを持ってまとめて保持され、作像ユニット保持部材に対して複数の作像ユニットがまとめて保持され、像担持体保持部材が装置本体内の所定位置に位置させた状態で各像担持体が装置本体に対して位置決めされ、このように位置決めされた各像担持体に対して各作像ユニットが位置決めされるので、各々の保持部材に対する取付け精度が要求されないこととなり、ユーザレベルでのメンテナンス・交換作業でも、着脱操作に際してその取付け位置等に気を使う必要もなく極めて容易となる。
また、前記各像担持体も前記各作像ユニットも、それぞれの保持部材に対して並列に配置されて着脱自在に保持されているので、いわゆるタンデム方式の画像形成装置の場合に好適に適用できる。また、同じ機能を有して寿命がほぼ同一であると見倣せる像担持体が像担持体保持部材に着脱自在に保持されているので、長寿命分解型の構成を採りつつ、そのメンテナンス・交換作業等を像担持体保持部材単位で一つにまとめて行うことが可能となり、メンテナンス・交換作業等の作業性を大幅に向上させることもできる。
また、前記各像担持体も前記各作像ユニットも、それぞれの保持部材に対して上方より載置されて着脱自在であるので、像担持体及び作像ユニットのメンテナンス・交換に際しては上方より像担持体保持部材上に載置させるだけでよく、作業性のよいものとなる。
また、前記像担持体保持部材と前記作像ユニット保持部材との両方が装置本体に対して引出し自在であるので、像担持体同士、作像ユニット同士の如く、同じ機能を有して寿命がほぼ同一であると見倣せる像担持体がまとめて像担持体保持部材に保持され、作像ユニットがまとめて作像ユニット保持部材に保持されて、各々保持部材単位で装置本体に対して単独で引出し自在であるので、長寿命分解型の構成を採りつつ、そのメンテナンス・交換作業等を像担持体保持部材単位或いは作像ユニット保持部材単位で各々一つにまとめて行うことが可能となり、メンテナンス・交換作業等の作業性を大幅に向上させることもできる。
請求項2記載の発明は、請求項1記載の画像形成装置において、前記像担持体保持部材を装置本体内の所定位置に位置させる像担持体保持部材規制部材と、所定位置に位置した前記像担持体保持部材上の各々の前記像担持体を前記装置本体に対して位置決めする像担持体位置決め機構と、位置決めされた前記像担持体の各々に対して前記作像ユニット保持部材に保持されている前記作像ユニットの各々を位置決めさせる作像ユニット位置決め機構と、を備える。
従って、請求項1記載の発明を実現するための構成が明らかとなる。
請求項3記載の発明は、請求項1又は2記載の画像形成装置において、装置本体内において前記像担持体保持部材に対して前記作像ユニット保持部接離させる接離機構を備える。
従って、請求項1又は2記載の発明に加え、個々の像担持体・作像ユニットに対して接離機構等を設けることなく保持部材間についての一つの接離機構で離間させることができ、接離機構を大幅に簡略化することができ、簡易・安価な構成にて、像担持体・作像ユニット間が常に接触していることによる当接跡の残存等の悪影響を簡単に回避することができる。
請求項4記載の発明は、請求項1ないし3の何れか一記載の画像形成装置において、前記各像担持体に対して共通に設けられて前記各像担持体に担持された像が転写される第2像担持体と、この第2像担持体を保持する第2像担持体保持部材と、を備え、位置決めされた前記像担持体の各々に対して前記第2像担持体保持部材に保持されている前記第2像担持体が位置決めされる。
従って、請求項1ないし3の何れか一記載の発明に加えて、第2像担持体が第2像担持体保持部材に保持され、各々の保持部材が装置本体内に装着された状態で各像担持体が位置決めされ、このように位置決めされた各像担持体に対して第2像担持体が位置決めされるので、各々の保持部材に対する取付け精度が要求されないこととなり、ユーザレベルでのメンテナンス・交換作業でも、着脱操作に際してその取付け位置等に気を使う必要もなく極めて容易となる。
請求項5記載の発明は、請求項4記載の画像形成装置において、位置決めされた前記像担持体の各々に対して前記第2像担持体保持部材に保持されている前記第2像担持体を位置決めさせる第2像担持体位置決め機構を備える。
従って、請求項4記載の発明を実現するための構成が明らかとなる。
請求項6記載の発明は、請求項4又は5記載の画像形成装置において、装置本体内において前記像担持体保持部材と前記第2像担持体保持部材とを接離させる接離機構を備える。
従って、請求項4又は5記載の発明に加え、像担持体保持部材と第2像担持体保持部材とを装置本体内において接離機構により離間可能としたので、各像担持体・第2像担持体に対して接離機構等を設けることなくこれらの保持部材間についての接離機構だけで済ませることが可能となり、接離機構を大幅に簡略化することができ、簡易・安価な構成にて、像担持体・第2像担持体間が常に接触していることによる当接跡の残存等の悪影響を簡単に回避することができる。
請求項7記載の発明は、請求項6記載の画像形成装置において、前記像担持体保持部材に対する前記作像ユニット保持部材の離間動作と、前記像担持体保持部材に対する前記第2像担持体保持部材の離間動作とを同時に行わせる連動機構を備える。
従って、請求項6記載の発明に加え、像担持体保持部材に対する作像ユニット保持部材の離間動作と、像担持体保持部材に対する第2像担持体保持部材の離間動作とを連動機構により同時に行わせることにより、その駆動源等を共通化させ得る等、接離機構をより簡略化させることができ、かつ、その制御系も別個に設ける必要がなく、簡略化させることができる。
請求項8記載の発明は、請求項4ないし7の何れか一記載の画像形成装置において、前記第2像担持体保持部材が装置本体に対して引出し自在である。
従って、請求項4ないし7の何れか一記載の発明に加え、像担持体同士、作像ユニット同士、第2像担持体の如く、同じ機能を有して寿命がほぼ同一であると見倣せる像担持体がまとめて像担持体保持部材に保持され、作像ユニットがまとめて作像ユニット保持部材に保持され、第2像担持体が第2像担持体保持部材に保持されて、各々保持部材単位で装置本体に対して単独で引出し自在であるので、長寿命分解型の構成を採りつつ、そのメンテナンス・交換作業等を像担持体保持部材単位、作像ユニット保持部材単位或いは第2像担持体単位で各々一つにまとめて行うことが可能となり、メンテナンス・交換作業等の作業性を大幅に向上させることもできる。
請求項9記載の発明は、請求項8記載の画像形成装置において、前記像担持体保持部材、前記作像ユニット保持部材及び前記第2像担持体保持部材に各々保持された前記像担持体、作像ユニット及び第2像担持体の着脱方向が同一である。
従って、請求項8記載の発明に加え、各保持部材が装置本体から引出し自在で保持している部材の着脱方向が全て同一であるので、着脱操作の作業性が向上する。
請求項10記載の発明は、請求項9記載の画像形成装置において、前記像担持体保持部材、前記作像ユニット保持部材及び前記第2像担持体保持部材の引出し方向が水平方向であり、前記第2像担持体の着脱方向が前記像担持体及び前記作像ユニットと同一である。
従って、請求項9記載の発明に加えて、像担持体、作像ユニット及び第2像担持体の着脱方向が上下方向で同一であるので、着脱操作の作業性をより一層向上させることができる。
請求項11記載の発明は、請求項4ないし10の何れか一記載の画像形成装置において、前記第2像担持体上の像が転写される第3像担持体と、この第3像担持体を保持する第3像担持体保持部材と、を備え、前記第2像担持体保持部材及び前記第3像担持体保持部材は各々位置決め部を有し、前記第2像担持体保持部材の前記位置決め部に対して前記第3像担持体保持部材の前記位置決め部を係合させることにより相互の位置決めを行わせるようにした。
従って、請求項4ないし10の何れか一記載の発明に加えて、例えば1回の通紙で両面カラー印刷を可能にするために第3像担持体を備えるような構成の場合においても、第2像担持体保持部材及び第3像担持体保持部材単位で各々位置決め部を備え、相互の係合により位置決めさせることにより、個々の像担持体、作像ユニット、第2像担持体に関しては各々の対応する保持部材に対する位置決めを行えばよく、個々に複雑な位置決め機構を不要にすることができる。
【0036】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の第一の実施の形態を図1ないし図21に基づいて説明する。本実施の形態の画像形成装置は、いわゆるタンデム方式で両面にほぼ同時に印刷可能なフルカラープリンタへの適用例を示す。図1はこのフルカラープリンタ1の概略を示す外観斜視図、図2はその内部の概略構造を示す正面図である。もっとも、プリンタに限らず、複写機、ファクシミリ装置等にももちろん適用可能である。
【0037】
まず、このフルカラープリンタ1の内部構成について図2等を参照して説明する。このフルカラープリンタ1の装置本体2内の略中央部には像担持体である4つのドラム状の感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkが水平状態で図中左右方向に等間隔で離間させて並列に配設されている。なお、添え字Y,M,C,Bkは各々イエロー、マゼンタ、シアン、ブラックを示している。イエロー画像用の感光体3Yに着目すると、この感光体3Yは例えば直径30〜100mm程度のアルミニウム円筒表面に光導電性物質である有機半導体層を設けた構造よりなり、時計方向に回転駆動されるもので、その周囲には静電写真プロセスに従い帯電ローラ4Y、現像ローラ5Yを有する現像装置6Y、クリーニング部材7Y等の作像部材が順に配設されている。マゼンタ、シアン、ブラック用の感光体3M,3C,3Bk側についても同様である。即ち、用いるトナーの色が異なるだけである。なお、感光体(像担持体)としてはドラム状のものに限らずベルト状のものを用いることも可能である。
【0038】
これらの感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkの下方には各色毎の画像データ対応のレーザ光を一様帯電済みの感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkに対してスキャニング照射し静電潜像を形成するための露光装置8が設けられており、各帯電ローラ4と各現像ローラ5との間にはこの露光装置8により照射するレーザ光が感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkに向けて入り込むように細長いスペース(スリット)が確保されている。図示例は、レーザ光源、ポリゴンミラー等を用いたレーザスキャン方式として示したが、LEDアレイと結像手段とを組合せた露光装置であってもよい。
【0039】
また、これらの感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkの上部には、複数のローラ9,10,11により支持されて反時計方向に回転駆動される第2像担持体としての中間転写ベルト12が設けられている。この中間転写ベルト12は各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkに対して共通なものであり、各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkの現像工程後の一部が接触するようにほぼ水平状態で扁平に配置されており、ベルト内周部には各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkに対向させて転写ローラ13Y,13M,13C,13Bkが設けられている。中間転写ベルト12の外周部に対しては、例えば、ローラ11に対向する位置にクリーニング装置14が設けられている。このクリーニング装置14はベルト表面に残留する不要なトナーを拭い去る。なお、この中間転写ベルト12としては、例えば、基体の厚さが50〜600μmの樹脂フィルム或いはゴムを基体とするベルトであって、感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkからのトナー像を転写可能とする抵抗値を有する。
【0040】
一方、中間転写ベルト12の右側には、複数のローラ15,16により支持されて時計方向に回転駆動される第3像担持体としての転写ベルト17が設けられている。この転写ベルト17はローラ9部分で中間転写ベルト12に予め定められた転写ニップを形成するように接するもので、ほぼ垂直状態で扁平に配置されている。この転写ベルト17も中間転写ベルト12と同様に、例えば、基体の厚さが50〜600μmの樹脂フィルム或いはゴムを基体とするベルトであって、中間転写ベルト12からのトナー像を転写可能とする抵抗値を有する。このため、この転写ベルト17は少なくとも最大紙サイズ分のトナー像を担持し得る周長を有するように構成されている。
【0041】
この転写ベルト17に対して、そのベルト内周部には、ローラ9に対向させて中間転写ベルト12上のトナー像を転写させるための転写ローラ18やガイドローラ19が配設され、ベルト外周部には、転写ベルト17上のトナー像を転写紙Sに転写させるための転写チャージャ20やベルト表面に残留する不要なトナーを拭い去るクリーニング装置21が配設されている。22は転写ローラ18を介して転写ベルト17を中間転写ベルト12に押し付けるばねである。
【0042】
一方、装置本体2内において露光装置8の下方には複数段、例えば2段の給紙カセット23,24が引出し自在に配設されている。これらの給紙カセット23,24内に収納された転写紙Sは対応する給紙ローラ25,26により選択的に給紙されるもので、中間転写ベルト12と転写ベルト17とによる転写位置に向けて給紙搬送経路27がほぼ垂直に形成されている。この給紙搬送経路27において転写位置直前には転写位置への給紙タイミングをとる一対のレジストローラ28が設けられている。さらに、転写位置上方には給紙搬送経路27に連続し、転写ベルト17・転写チャージャ20間を通って装置本体2の上部の排紙スタック部29につながる搬送排紙経路30が形成されている。この搬送排紙経路30中には一対の定着ローラを有する定着装置31や、一対の排紙ローラ32等が配設されている。
【0043】
なお、装置本体2内において排紙スタック部29下部の空間は各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkで用いる各色のトナーを収納し、対応する現像装置にポンプ等により搬送供給可能なトナー容器収納部33が設けられている。
【0044】
このような構成において、転写紙Sの両面に画像を形成する両面印刷時の動作について説明する。まず、露光装置8の作動により半導体レーザから出射されたイエロー用の画像データ対応のレーザ光が帯電ローラ4Yにより一様帯電済みの感光体3Yの表面に照射されることにより静電潜像が形成される。この静電潜像は現像ローラ5Yによる現像処理を受けてイエロートナーで現像され、可視像となり、感光体3Yと同期して移動する中間転写ベルト12上に転写ローラ13Yによる転写作用を受けて転写される。このような潜像形成、現像、転写動作は感光体3M,3C,3Bk側でもタイミングをとって順次同様に行われる。この結果、中間転写ベルト12上には、イエローY、マゼンタM、シアンC及びブラックBkの各色トナー画像が順次重なり合ったフルカラートナー画像として維持・搬送される。
【0045】
中間転写ベルト12上のこのフルカラートナー画像は、中間転写ベルト12と同期して移動する転写ベルト17上に転写ローラ18による転写作用を受けて転写される。この結果、転写ベルト17上には転写紙Sに対する一面用のフルカラートナー画像として維持・搬送される。そして、中間転写ベルト12側ではその表面がクリーニング装置14によりクリーニングされ、次の作像・転写に備える。
【0046】
その後、中間転写ベルト12が所定のところまで移動すると、転写紙Sに対する他面用の作像工程を開始する。この場合の作像工程は前述の一面用のフルカラートナー画像形成時と同様であり、このフルカラートナー画像を中間転写ベルト12上に維持させる。
【0047】
この作像工程終了後、レジストローラ28によりタイミングをとって転写紙Sを転写ローラ18による転写位置に向けて搬送させることにより、中間転写ベルト12上のフルカラートナー画像が順次転写紙Sの他面側に転写され、引き続き、転写チャージャ20により転写ベルト17上のフルカラートナー画像が順次転写紙Sの一面側に転写される。つまり、1枚の転写紙Sにこれらの転写位置でほぼ同時に両面印刷されることになる。
【0048】
ちなみに、本実施の形態においては、感光体3上のトナー像の極性はマイナスであり、転写ローラ13にプラスの電荷を与えることで感光体3上のトナー像は中間転写ベルト12上に転写される。また、転写ローラ18にプラスの電荷を与えることで中間転写ベルト12上のトナー像は転写ベルト17上(一面用時)や転写紙Sの他面上(他面用時)に転写される。さらに、転写チャージャ20によりプラス極性の電荷を与えることにより転写ベルト17上のマイナス極性のトナー像は吸引されて転写紙Sの一面側に転写される。
【0049】
このようにして両面にフルカラートナー像がほぼ同時に転写された転写紙Sは定着装置31による定着処理を経て排紙ローラ32により排紙スタック部29上に排紙される。
【0050】
なお、図2に示すような構成の場合、両面画像のうち、後から転写紙Sに転写される面(頁)、即ち、中間転写ベルト12上から直接転写される面側が下向きとなって排紙スタック部29に排紙されるので、頁揃えを考慮した場合には、2頁目の画像を先に作成して転写ベルト17上に維持させておき、1頁目の画像を中間転写ベルト12上から転写紙Sに直接転写させるようにすればよい。また、中間転写ベルト12から転写紙Sに転写される画像は感光体3上で正像とし、転写ベルト17から転写紙Sに転写される画像は感光体3上で鏡像となるように露光させる。このような頁揃えのための作像順制御は画像データをメモリに保存しておく公知技術、正像・鏡像(逆像)の切換え露光制御も公知の画像処理技術により容易に実現できる。
【0051】
また、転写紙Sの片面のみに画像を形成する場合の動作について説明する。この場合、中間転写ベルト12からトナー像を転写紙Sに転写させる方式と、転写ベルト17も利用しこの転写ベルト17からトナー像を転写紙Sに転写させる方式とがあるが、ここでは、転写ベルト17に転写する工程を省ける前者の方式で説明する。
【0052】
まず、露光装置8の作動により半導体レーザから出射されたイエロー用の画像データ対応のレーザ光が帯電ローラ4Yにより一様帯電済みの感光体3Yの表面に照射されることにより静電潜像が形成される。この静電潜像は現像ローラ5Yによる現像処理を受けてイエロートナーで現像され、可視像となり、感光体3Yと同期して移動する中間転写ベルト12上に転写ローラ13Yによる転写作用を受けて転写される。このような潜像形成、現像、転写動作は感光体3M,3C,3Bk側でもタイミングをとって順次同様に行われる。この結果、中間転写ベルト12上には、イエローY、マゼンタM、シアンC及びブラックBkの各色トナー画像が順次重なり合ったフルカラートナー画像として維持・搬送される。
【0053】
中間転写ベルト12上のこのフルカラートナー画像は、中間転写ベルト12と同期して搬送される転写紙S上に転写ローラ18による転写作用を受けて転写される。そして、中間転写ベルト12側ではその表面がクリーニング装置14によりクリーニングされ、次の作像・転写に備える。転写済みの転写紙Sは搬送排紙経路30中の定着装置31による定着作用を受け排紙ローラ32により排紙スタック部29に画像面下向きに排紙される。この過程において、転写チャージャ20は作動しない。
【0054】
なお、これらの両面印刷、片面印刷動作に関して、フルカラー印刷時で説明したが、特定色或いはブラックによるモノクロ印刷時であっても、使用されない感光体が存在するだけで、動作的には同様である。
【0055】
また、1回の通紙での両面ほぼ同時印刷が必要とされない場合には、転写ベルト17及び転写チャージャ20に代えて、図3に示すように単なる搬送ベルト35を設け、かつ、搬送排紙経路30側に片面印刷済みの転写紙Sを再び転写ローラ18による転写位置まで反転させて再給紙させる反転経路36付きの両面用搬送経路37を設ける構成としてもよい。38,39は転写紙Sの経路を切換える切換爪である。
【0056】
このような構成の下、本実施の形態の特徴的部分について順次説明する。
【0057】
まず、本実施の形態では、感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkを着脱自在に保持する像担持体保持部材41が設けられている。また、本実施の形態では、帯電ローラ4と現像ローラ5を含む現像装置6とクリーニング部材7とを作像ユニット42とするもので、各作像ユニット42Y,42M,42C,42Bkを着脱自在に保持する作像ユニット保持部材43も設けられている。さらに、中間転写ベルト12を着脱自在に保持する転写部材保持部材44も第2像担持体保持部材として設けられている。
【0058】
このような保持部材41,43,44を用いた構成において、本実施の形態では、少なくとも画像形成時には図4(a)に略図的に示すように像担持体保持部材41を基準に保持部材43,44を近接又は押圧状態として画像形成動作が可能な状態とするが、非画像形成時には図4(b)に略図的に示すように像担持体保持部材41に対して保持部材43,44を接離機構により離反可能としている。
【0059】
非画像形成時において、像担持体保持部材41に対して保持部材43,44を離反動作させるタイミングとしては、画像形成動作終了後直ちに離反させるタイミングや、画像形成動作が終了して一定時間経過したタイミングなどを採り得る。例えば、画像形成動作終了後直ちに離反させるタイミングとすれば、像担持体保持部材41に対して保持部材43,44を極力離反させておくことができ、当接跡の残存等の悪影響の回避を最大限発揮させることができ、また、画像形成動作終了後、一定時間経過したタイミングで自動的に行わせるものとすれば、非画像形成時において支障ない範囲で像担持体保持部材41に対して保持部材43,44を極力離間させておくことができ、当接跡の残存等の悪影響の回避を極力発揮させることができる。ここに、本実施の形態では、画像形成動作が終了し一定時間経過することで省エネモードに突入した時点で自動的に離間動作が行われる態様に設定されているものとする。併せて、ユーザ又はサービスマンがメンテナンス・交換等のために外装カバー45(より実際的には、図5及び図6に示すような内部カバー46)を開放させた場合、及び、電源スイッチをオフさせた場合にも、この開放操作や電源スイッチオフ操作に連動して像担持体保持部材41に対して保持部材43,44を自動的に離間動作させる態様も含まれている。即ち、省エネモード突入と外装カバー45の開放と電源スイッチのオフとの論理和(OR)をとる形で離間動作が実行されるように設定されており、例えば、画像形成動作終了直後で省エネモードに突入していない状態であっても、外装カバー45を開放させた場合には像担持体保持部材41に対して保持部材43,44の離間動作が実行されることとなる。もっとも、外装カバー45を有しないタイプの機種の場合には、操作パネル等に設けられた離間スイッチ等の操作に基づき離間動作が行われる態様を含ませるようにしてもよい。
【0060】
何れにしても、像担持体保持部材41に対して保持部材43,44が離間することにより、各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkに対して接していた各作像ユニット42Y,42M,42C,42Bk中の各部材及び中間転写ベルト12も離間する。
【0061】
ここに、像担持体保持部材41は概略的には図7及び図8に示すように平面的に見て矩形枠状に形成され、各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkを個別に並列状態で上方から単に載せるように着脱自在に保持するものである。なお、本実施の形態では、感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkのうち、カラー用の感光体3Y,3M,3Cとブラック用の感光体3Bkとではその使用頻度が異なる点(モノクロ印刷等を考えると、一般に、ブラック用の感光体3Bkの使用頻度が高い)を考慮し、カラー用の感光体3Y,3M,3Cは感光体ユニット47として一体化されており、この感光体ユニット47の単位で像担持体保持部材41に対して着脱自在に保持されている。このような像担持体保持部材41は左右両側に設けられたレール機構48により装置本体2に対して前後方向に引出し自在とされている。49は像担持体保持部材41側のレール機構48の構成部材であるアキュライドである。
【0062】
また、作像ユニット保持部材43は概略的には図9及び図10に示すように平面的に見て矩形トレイ状に形成され、各作像ユニット42Y,42M,42C,42Bkを並列状態で上方から単に載せるように着脱自在に保持するものである。なお、本実施の形態では、感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bk側に対応させて、作像ユニット42Y,42M,42Cはブラック用の単独の作像ユニット42Bkとは別にカラー用作像ユニット51として一体化されており、このカラー用作像ユニット51の単位で作像ユニット保持部材43に対して着脱自在に保持されている。このような作像ユニット保持部材43は左右両側に設けられたレール機構52により装置本体2に対して前後方向に引出し自在とされている。53は作像ユニット保持部材43側のレール機構52の構成部材であるアキュライドである。また、特に図示しないが、作像ユニット保持部材43や各作像ユニット42Y,42M,42C,42Bkには露光用の光が透過するスリット状の開口(又は、透明な透光部)が形成されている。
【0063】
さらに、転写部材保持部材44は概略的には図11及び図12に示すように平面的に見て矩形枠状に形成され、中間転写ベルト12を、この中間転写ベルト12を覆いローラ9〜11等を保持した保護カバー56とともに上方から単に載せるように着脱自在に保持するものである。保護カバー56の左右両側には把手57が設けられている。このような転写部材保持部材44は左右両側に設けられたレール機構58により装置本体2に対して前後方向に引出し自在とされている。59は転写部材保持部材44側のレール機構58の構成部材であるアキュライドである。
【0064】
なお、図2の構成を採る本実施の形態では、転写ベルト17も第3像担持体保持部材としてのベルト保持部材61により着脱自在に保持されている。このベルト保持部材61は装置本体2に対して支点62を中心に回動開閉自在に設けられた側板カバーを兼用するもので、転写ベルト17を、この転写ベルト17を覆いローラ15,16等を保持した保護カバー63とともに単に載せるように着脱自在に保持するものである。
【0065】
ここで、保持部材41,43,44の接離動作を行わせるための接離機構70の原理構成の一例を図15及び図16を参照して説明する。まず、装置本体2内には前述したような各保持部材41,43,44の左右両側のアキュライド49,53,59と各々対をなしレール機構48,52,58を構成するアキュライド71,72,73が装置本体2に固定して設けられた左右2枚の本体ステー74により支持されている。この際、像担持体保持部材41を基準として保持部材43,44を上下方向に離間動作させるため、像担持体保持部材41用のアキュライド71は本体ステー74に位置固定的に設けられているが、保持部材43,44用のアキュライド72,73は上下方向の長穴74a,74bに嵌合させたピン72a,73aにより上下方向にガイドされて変位可能に保持されている。また、これらの保持部材43,44の離間動作を同時に行わせるための連動機構75も付加されている。この連動機構75は例えば本体ステー74のほぼ中央に立設したピン76により回動可能な2枚の移動ステー77,78を中央でX字状リンクを構成するように組合せ、これらの移動ステー77,78の両端の長孔77a,77b,78a,78bを各々アキュライド72,73の手前側と奥側とにおいて左右両側に立設させたピン72a,72b,73a,73bに嵌合させることにより構成されている。さらに、下側に位置する作像ユニット保持部材43の下面にその4隅付近で当接する位置には4つの偏心カム79が支持片80により回転自在に支持された回転軸81に固定的に設けられている。これらの偏心カム79は、作像ユニット保持部材43を像担持体保持部材41に近接又は押圧する状態に押し上げる突出位置と、作像ユニット保持部材43をその自重等により像担持体保持部材41から離間する状態に下降させる後退位置とを有する偏心形状とされており、装置本体2に設けられたモータ82、モータギヤ83、回転軸81上に固定されてこのモータギヤ83に噛み合う伝達ギヤ84、前後2本の回転軸81のプーリ85間に架け渡したベルト86等の伝達駆動機構を介して所定のカム位置を取るように駆動制御される。
【0066】
即ち、図15(a)及び図16(a)に示すように、偏心カム79の突出位置が上向きとなる状態にすると、作像ユニット保持部材43が像担持体保持部材41に近接又は押圧する状態まで押し上げられる。この時、作像ユニット保持部材43の上昇動作に伴い、移動ステー77,78がピン72a,72bによりその交叉角が狭くなるように回動変位する。これにより、移動ステー77,78の長孔77b,78bに嵌合しているピン73a,73bを介してアキュライド73を下降させ、転写部材保持部材44を像担持体保持部材41に近接又は押圧する状態まで下降させる。
【0067】
作像ユニット保持部材43が像担持体保持部材41に近接又は押圧する状態になると、作像ユニット保持部材43に保持されている各作像ユニット42の各部材も対応する感光体3に対して接触して作像処理動作が可能な状態となる。同様に、転写部材保持部材44が像担持体保持部材41に近接又は押圧する状態になると、転写部材保持部材44に保持されている中間転写ベルト12も各感光体3に対して接触して動作可能な状態となる。
【0068】
一方、図15(b)及び図16(b)に示すように、偏心カム79の後退位置が上向きとなる状態にすると、作像ユニット保持部材43がその自重等により像担持体保持部材41から離間する状態に下降する。この時、作像ユニット保持部材43の下降動作に伴い、移動ステー77,78がピン72a,72bによりその交叉角が広くなるように回動変位する。これにより、移動ステー77,78の長孔77b,78bに嵌合しているピン73a,73bを介してアキュライド73を上昇させ、転写部材保持部材44を像担持体保持部材41から離間する状態まで上昇させる。
【0069】
作像ユニット保持部材43が像担持体保持部材41から離間した状態になると、作像ユニット保持部材43に保持されている各作像ユニット42の各部材も対応する感光体3から離間し、作像ユニット保持部材43は引出し可能な状態となる。同様に、転写部材保持部材44が像担持体保持部材41から離間した状態になると、転写部材保持部材44に保持されている中間転写ベルト12も各感光体3から離間し、転写部材保持部材44は引出し可能な状態となる。
【0070】
このようにして、作像ユニット保持部材43と転写部材保持部材44とは像担持体保持部材41に対して連動して離間動作及び接近動作を行う。
【0071】
このような構成において、画像形成動作が終了して一定時間経過することにより省エネモードに突入し、或いは、電源スイッチがオフされると、上述の接離機構70により作像ユニット保持部材43と転写部材保持部材44とが像担持体保持部材41に対して連動して離間動作を行い、作像ユニット保持部材43と転写部材保持部材44とが像担持体保持部材41に対して離間することにより、各感光体3に対して各作像ユニット42の各部材や中間転写ベルト12も離間した状態に維持される。このように、複数の感光体3と複数の作像ユニット5と中間転写ベルト12とを各々像担持体保持部材41、作像ユニット保持部材43、転写部材保持部材44に保持させ、これらの像担持体保持部材41と作像ユニット保持部材43、像担持体保持部材41と転写部材保持部材44とを装置本体2内において離間可能としたので、個々の感光体3・作像ユニット42や個々の感光体3・中間転写ベルト12に対して接離機構等を設けることなく保持部材41,43,44間についての一つの接離機構70で済ませることが可能となり、接離機構を大幅に簡略化することができる。よって、簡易・安価な構成にて、感光体3に対して作像ユニット42の各部材や中間転写ベルト12が常に接触していることによる当接跡の残存等の悪影響を簡単に回避することができる。特に、像担持体保持部材41に対する作像ユニット保持部材43の離間動作と、像担持体保持部材41に対する転写部材保持部材44の離間動作とを連動機構75により同時に行わせるようにしているので、その駆動源82等を共通化させ得る等、接離機構70をより簡略化させることができ、かつ、その制御系も別個に設ける必要がなく、簡略化させることができる。
【0072】
一方、ユーザ又はサービスマンにおいて、メンテナンスや部品交換等の必要性が生じた場合には、図5に示すように正面手前の外装カバー45を開放し、さらに、図6に示すように内部カバー46を開放すると、上述の省エネモードに突入していない場合であっても、このようなカバー開放操作に連動して、上述の接離機構70により作像ユニット保持部材43と転写部材保持部材44とが像担持体保持部材41に対して連動して離間動作を行う。これにより、作像ユニット保持部材43と転写部材保持部材44とが像担持体保持部材41に対して離間することにより、各感光体3に対して各作像ユニット42の各部材や中間転写ベルト12も離間した状態に維持される。よって、各々の保持部材41,43,44は各々単独で引出し可能となる。
【0073】
そこで、例えば感光体3に関してメンテナンスや交換等を要する場合であれば、図7に示すように像担持体保持部材41を手前側に引出すことにより、図8に示すように感光体3(感光体ユニット47や感光体3Bk)を像担持体保持部材41から取り外して交換したりすることが可能となる。この際、これらの感光体ユニット47や感光体3Bkは像担持体保持部材41上に単に載せられて保持されているだけであるので、長寿命分解型の構成を採りつつ、簡単に交換できる。また、カラー用の感光体3Y,3M,3Cは同じ機能を有して寿命がほぼ同一と見倣せるが、これらの感光体3Y,3M,3Cが感光体ユニット47として一つのユニットにまとめられて着脱自在とされているので、交換作業等の作業性が一層向上する。逆にいえば、ブラック用の感光体3Bkはカラー用よりも使用頻度が高く寿命に達するのが早いと考えられるが、このようなブラック用の感光体3Bkは単体とされているので、ブラック用の感光体3Bkの交換タイミングでカラー用の感光体3Y,3M,3Cを交換してしまうことを避けることもできる。
【0074】
また、作像ユニット42に関してメンテナンスや交換等を要する場合であれば、図9に示すように作像ユニット保持部材43を手前側に引出すことにより、図10に示すように作像ユニット42(カラー用作像ユニット51や作像ユニット42Bk)を作像ユニット保持部材43から取り外して交換したりすることが可能となる。この際、これらのカラー用作像ユニット51や作像ユニット42Bkは作像ユニット保持部材43上に単に載せられて保持されているだけであるので、簡単に交換できる。また、カラー用の作像ユニット42Y,42M,42Cは同じ機能を有して寿命がほぼ同一と見倣せるが、これらの作像ユニット42Y,42M,42Cがカラー用作像ユニット51として一つのユニットにまとめられて着脱自在とされているので、交換作業等の作業性が一層向上する。逆にいえば、ブラック用の作像ユニット42Bkはカラー用よりも使用頻度が高く寿命に達するのが早いと考えられるが、このようなブラック用の作像ユニット42Bkは単体とされているので、ブラック用の作像ユニット42Bkの交換タイミングでカラー用の作像ユニット42Y,42M,42Cを交換してしまうことを避けることもできる。
【0075】
さらに、中間転写ベルト12に関してメンテナンスや交換等を要する場合であれば、図11に示すように転写部材保持部材44を手前側に引出すことにより、図12に示すように中間転写ベルト12を転写部材保持部材44から取り外して交換したりすることが可能となる。この際、中間転写ベルト12は転写部材保持部材44上に単に載せられて保持されているだけであるので、簡単に交換できる。
【0076】
また、図8、図10及び図12からも分かるように、感光体3や作像ユニット42や中間転写ベルト12の保持部材41,43,44に対する着脱方向が何れも上向き方向に統一されているので、極めて作業性のよいものとなる。また、メンテナンスや部品交換等のために外装カバー45を開放させた場合には、少なくとも保持部材41,43間、41,44間の離間動作を行わせることにより、そのまま保持部材41,43,44の引出し操作等に移行することができ、別途離間動作を行わせるための操作等を要せず、ユーザやサービスマン等にとって取り扱いやすく操作性のよいものとなる。
【0077】
なお、接離機構70の変形例である接離機構90を図17に示す。この接離機構90では、各保持部材41,43,44対応のアキュライド71,72,73を支持する左右2枚ずつの本体ステー91,92が装置本体2に固定されている。この際、像担持体保持部材41を基準として保持部材43,44を上下方向に離間動作させるため、像担持体保持部材41用のアキュライド71は本体ステー91,92に位置固定的に設けられているが、保持部材43,44用のアキュライド72,73は上下方向の長穴91a,92a(アキュライド72側のみ図示する)に嵌合させたピン72a,73aにより上下方向に変位可能に保持されている。また、これらの保持部材43,44の離間動作を同時に行わせるための連動機構93も付加されている。この連動機構93は、例えば、作像ユニット保持部材43用のアキュライド72にピン94により連結されて上下動する主動ステー95と、前述の本体ステー91,92に対してピン96a,96bにより回動自在に支持され、かつ、一端側が主動ステー95に対してピン97により連結され他端側が転写部材保持部材44用のアキュライド73のピン73aに連結された前後2枚の従動ステー98a,98bを備えることにより構成されている。なお、像担持体保持部材41用のアキュライド71にはピン99が設けられ、このピン99に嵌合する長穴95aにより主動ステー95の上下方向の動きがガイドされる。また、偏心カム79、モータ82等の構成は図15及び図16の場合と同様である。
【0078】
これにより、図17(a)に示すように、偏心カム79の突出位置が上向きとなる状態にすると、作像ユニット保持部材43が像担持体保持部材41に近接又は押圧する状態まで押し上げられる。この時、作像ユニット保持部材43の上昇動作に伴い、主動ステー95も上方に変位する。これにより、主動ステー95に対してピン97により連結されている従動ステー98a,98bがピン96a,96bを中心に回動変位し、他端に嵌合しているピン72a,73aを介してアキュライド73を下降させ、転写部材保持部材44を像担持体保持部材41に近接又は押圧する状態まで下降させる。
【0079】
一方、図17(b)に示すように、偏心カム79の後退位置が上向きとなる状態にすると、作像ユニット保持部材43がその自重等により像担持体保持部材41から離間する状態に下降する。この時、作像ユニット保持部材43の下降動作に伴い、主動ステー95も下方に変位する。これにより、主動ステー95に対してピン97により連結されている従動ステー98a,98bがピン96a,96bを中心に回動変位し、他端に嵌合しているピン72a,73aを介してアキュライド73を上昇させ、転写部材保持部材44を像担持体保持部材41から離間する状態まで上昇させる。
【0080】
このようにして、作像ユニット保持部材43と転写部材保持部材44とは像担持体保持部材41に対して連動して離間動作及び接近動作を行う。
【0081】
なお、転写ベルト17に関してメンテナンスや交換等を要する場合であれば、図13に示すように支点62を中心にベルト保持部材61を回動開放させることにより、図14に示すように転写ベルト17をベルト保持部材61から取り外して交換したりすることが可能となる。この際、転写ベルト17はベルト保持部材61上に単に載せられて保持されているだけであるので、簡単に交換できる。
【0082】
次に、各保持部材41,43,44間の位置決めについて説明する。本実施の形態では、上下方向の位置が固定的な像担持体保持部材41を基準として位置決めさせるものであり、この像担持体保持部材41の上面には複数、例えば、3個の位置決めピン101が位置決め部として予め設定された所定位置に離間させて設けられている。特に図示しないが、像担持体保持部材41の下面にも複数、例えば、3個の位置決めピンが位置決め部として予め設定された所定位置に離間させて設けられている。作像ユニット保持部材43の上面にはこのような位置決めピンが入り込む位置決め穴100が位置決め部として位置決めピンに対応する位置に形成されている(図9等参照)。同様に、転写部材保持部材44の下面には位置決めピン101が入り込む位置決め穴(図示せず)が位置決め部として位置決めピン101に対応する位置に形成されている。従って、前述したように保持部材41,43,44同士を図4(a)や図15(a)の如く、近接又は押圧状態とさせる際に、これらの位置決めピン・位置決め穴同士を各々係合させることにより、保持部材41,43,44同士の相互の位置決めがなされる。
【0083】
従って、位置決めに関しても各保持部材41,43,44単位で各々位置決め部を備え、相互の係合により位置決めさせるので、個々の感光体3、作像ユニット5、中間転写ベルト12に関しては各々の対応する保持部材41,43,44に対する位置決めを行えばよく、個々に複雑な位置決め機構を不要にすることができる。
【0084】
ところで、像担持体保持部材41自身の装置本体2に対する位置決めは、この像担持体保持部材41がレール機構48により基本的な位置が決められた状態で、図18に示すように、この像担持体保持部材41の手前辺にねじ101aにより固定された金属板102の左右両端の基準穴102a、穴102bを、装置本体2の前側板103の所定位置に設けられた位置決めピン104に係合させることによりなされる。つまり、金属板102の基準穴102a、穴102bと前側板103の位置決めピン104とが像担持体保持部材規制部材として作用する。
【0085】
また、このような像担持体保持部材41上に単に載せられている感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkの位置決めは、装置本体2内の奥部側で位置決めされて各々モータ等の駆動伝達機構に連結されつつ回転自在に片持ち保持された各々の感光体用軸(図示せず)を、像担持体保持部材41の内部への押込み操作に伴い、像担持体保持部材41の奥側辺の各貫通穴、各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bk内、像担持体保持部材41の手前辺の各貫通穴105を通して、金属板102の所定位置に形成されている軸受穴106により支持させることによりなされる。つまり、位置決めされて片持ち保持された各々の感光体用軸と金属板102の軸受穴106とが像担持体位置決め機構として作用する。逆にいえば、像担持体保持部材41を装置本体2から引出すことにより、各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkから感光体用軸が抜け(装置本体2内に残り)、遊びを持った単なる載置状態となり、各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkをそのまま上方へ取り外せることとなる。
【0086】
次に、このように装置本体2内に像担持体保持部材41が装着された状態で位置決めされた各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkに対する作像ユニット42や中間転写ベルト12の位置決めの一例について図19を参照して説明する。例えば、本実施の形態の作像ユニット42では、図19に示すように、画像形成に関与する領域外に位置させて感光体3と同径で同軸上に設けたホイール111に接離自在かつ回転自在に当接する複数、例えば2個の位置決め用コロ112,113が所定位置に設けられている。前述したように、像担持体保持部材41に対して作像ユニット保持部材43は接離自在であり、離間した状態も取り得るが、画像形成動作等に伴い像担持体保持部材41に対して作像ユニット保持部材43が接近又は押圧状態に押し上げられると、既に位置決めされている感光体3に対して現像ローラ5や帯電ローラ4等も接近するが、位置決め用コロ112,113がホイール111に当接してこれ以上変位できない状態になる。このような当接位置で現像ローラ5や帯電ローラ4は感光体3に対して正規の動作位置となり、作像ユニット42が感光体3に対して位置決めされたことになる。つまり、ホイール111と位置決め用コロ112,113とが作像ユニット位置決め機構として作用する。感光体3に対する中間転写ベルト12側の位置決めも第2像担持体位置決め機構(図示せず)により同様に行われる。
【0087】
このように、本実施の形態によれば、像担持体保持部材41や作像ユニット保持部材43に対して感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkや作像ユニット42Y,42M,42C,42Bkが遊びを持って着脱自在であり、各々の保持部材41,43が装置本体2内に装着された状態で各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkが位置決めされ、このように位置決めされた各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkに対して各作像ユニット42Y,42M,42C,42Bkの各部材が位置決めされるので、各々の保持部材41,43に対する取付け精度が要求されないこととなり、ユーザレベルの作業でも、着脱操作に際してその取付け位置等に気を使う必要もなく極めて容易となる。この点は、中間転写ベルト12側についても同様である。
【0088】
また、転写部材保持部材44側に対するベルト保持部材61側の位置決めについて図20を参照して説明する。本実施の形態では、転写部材保持部材44側において中間転写ベルト12を支持するローラ9の軸上の両端部には位置決め部としての位置決めプーリ121が設けられ、ベルト保持部材61側においてはこれらの位置決めプーリ121に対応する位置に位置決めプーリ121に係脱自在で位置決め部としての位置決め凹部122が形成されている。
【0089】
これにより、ベルト保持部材61を装置本体2に対して閉じた状態では、図20(a)に示すように位置決め凹部122が位置決めプーリ121に係合し、中間転写ベルト12に対して転写ベルト17が接触状態となるように、ベルト保持部材61が転写部材保持部材44に対して位置決めされる。一方、ベルト保持部材61の開放操作に伴い、位置決め凹部122は位置決めプーリ121から外れ、図20(b)に示すように転写ベルト17側は自由状態となる。
【0090】
ところで、本実施の形態では、像担持体保持部材41と作像ユニット保持部材43との間、像担持体保持部材41と転写部材保持部材44との間を各々シールする弾性部材131,132が設けられている。本実施の形態の場合、これらの弾性部材131,132は例えば略図的に示す図4のように像担持体保持部材41側に設けられているが、その態様としては、図7,図8等に示す如く像担持体保持部材41の周辺部分に取り付けられている。特に、転写部材保持部材44側に対しては中間転写ベルト12との接触を避けるため右辺側部分を有しない略コ字状に配設されている。これらの弾性部材131,132は像担持体保持部材41に対して保持部材43,44を近接又は押圧状態とした時、押圧されて変形し、これらの保持部材41,43,44により感光体3周りに略密閉空間を形成する作像モジュール133を構成するものである。
【0091】
このような作像モジュール133により形成される感光体3周りの略密閉空間は完全な密閉空間ではなく外気に連通するが、本実施の形態では、図21に略図的に示すように、例えば装置本体2内で露光装置8よりも奥部に配設された空調手段134が分岐された排気管135を通じて各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bk単位で連結されている。136は空調手段134における外気取り込み用の吸気管である。これにより、空調手段134は例えば温度30℃、湿度90%の大気を吸気管136より取り込み、温度30℃、湿度50%の除湿された空気として排気管135を通じて略密閉空間内の各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bk周りに向けて排出する。なお、空調手段134は必要に応じて冷却用の熱交換器であるペルチェ素子等を内蔵したものであってもよい。
【0092】
この種の電子写真方式の画像形成装置では、トナー、キャリアなどの帯電微粒子及び帯電している感光体を用いて作像するので、装置内部の空気の組成、特に湿度、アンモニアガスなどのイオン性物質の影響によって帯電状態の変化による画像品質が不安定となってしまう。
【0093】
より詳細に説明すると、例えば、湿度の高い気候の地域では装置内部が高湿となり、画像品質が不安定になったり、感光体の異常磨耗が発生し作像部の耐久性が著しく低下したり、「画像流れ」と呼ばれるぼやけた異常画像が発生したりすることが知られている。これらの原因については様々な研究が行われ、おおよそ次のようなメカニズムで問題が発生することが分かっている。電子写真装置に使用するトナー及びキャリアなどの帯電微粒子は高分子樹脂に帯電制御剤を添加することで静電的な帯電状態を安定化するように設計されている。しかし、高分子樹脂の電気的な特性は疎水化処理などを尽くしても気中の水分を取り込み電気抵抗、粉体同士の摩擦係数或いは流動性変化などを引き起こし、現像工程におけるトナー帯電量を低下させてしまい濃度上昇などの画質変動を招いてしまう場合がある。また、放電現象を利用している帯電手段では、放電に伴って硝酸化合物が生成され、これが気中の水分と結合することにより硝酸及び硝酸塩などのイオン化物質が感光体表面に付着し、感光体表面の劣化が加速され感光体の異常磨耗を招いたり、イオン化物質によって表面が導電化することによる静電潜像のぼやけ、いわゆる画像流れが発生してしまう。何れも高絶対湿度環境で大きな問題となり、除湿する装置を備えることで改善が可能な課題である。更にイオン性物質の付着はトナー、キャリア、感光体の劣化を招き寿命を縮めてしまうという問題がある。
【0094】
このような問題を考慮した場合、基本的には空調手段を設ければよいが、装置全体を空調しようとすると制御対象となる容量が大きくなり、制御能力に見合ったコスト、大きさ、騒音、電力消費増大を招いてしまう。
【0095】
特に、本実施の形態のような電子写真方式のフルカラープリンタでは、単色では問題にならない湿度などの影響による画像濃度の変化が色味の変化として現れてしまうので、極めて高い水準の画像安定性を求められ、装置全体を空調設備のある安定環境で使用したり、装置内部に装置全体を空調する空調手段を設けるなどの対応が取られることとなるが、タンデム方式のフルカラープリンタでは4色分の作像部を備えているので装置全体を空調しようとすると制御対象となる容量が単色に比べ極めて大きくなり、制御能力に見合った大幅なコスト、大きさ、騒音、電力消費増大を招いてしまう。
【0096】
この点、本実施の形態によれば、上述のように、感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkを保持した像担持体保持部材41に対して保持部材43,44を弾性部材131,132によりシールさせて略密閉空間を形成する作像モジュール133を構成し、この作像モジュール133に対して空調手段134を連結し感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bk周りに除湿された空気を排出させているので、空調領域の容量が必要最小限に減少し空調手段134による制御能力を低く抑え、或いは、その能力を無駄なく最大限有効に活用することができる。
【0097】
また、本実施の形態のようないわゆるタンデム型のフルカラープリンタにおいて、感光体周りの構成に関して上述したように感光体3と作像ユニット42とを分解・交換可能な構造とした場合、駆動時の振動が各感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkへ伝播し、いわゆるバンディングなどの画像を起こしてしまう懸念があるが、画像形成時には少なくとも弾性部材131,132を利用して作像モジュール133を構成しているので、この弾性部材131,132による振動伝播防止効果によりバンディングの少ない高画質の画像を形成することが可能となる。
【0098】
なお、本実施の形態では、保持部材41,44間も弾性部材132によりシールして作像モジュール133を構成するようにしたが、転写部材保持部材44に保持されている中間転写ベルト12が全面ベルトであり、かつ、保護カバー56により覆われており、感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bk周り(上部)に略密閉空間を形成するのに役立つので、弾性部材132を省略し、保持部材41,43及び弾性部材131を主体に略密閉空間を形成する作像モジュールとして構成してもよい。
【0099】
なお、本実施の形態では、各保持部材41,43,44間を装置本体2内において離間可能にしているが、装置本体2内において非画像形成時に必ずしも離間可能な構成でなくも適用可能である。
【0100】
本発明の第二の実施の形態を図22ないし図33に基づいて説明する。第一の実施の形態で示した部分と同一又は相当する部分は同一符号を用いて示し、説明も省略する。
【0101】
本実施の形態は、図15ないし図16等に示した接離機構70に代えて接離機構200を用いた適用例に関する。特に、収納位置から引出し位置に移動する過程において、感光体3Y,3M,3C,3Bkをまとめて保持した像担持体保持部材41なるユニットが移動する方向を基準として、中間転写ベルト12を保持した転写部材保持部材44なるユニット及び作像ユニット42Y,42M,42C,42Bkをまとめて保持した作像ユニット保持部材43なるユニットが上下方向に離間するように構成されている(各感光体3Y,3M,3C自体は、個別でも感光体ユニット47とされていてもよい。作像ユニット42Y,42M,42C側も同様に、個別でもカラー用作像ユニット51とされていてもよい。)。
【0102】
以下、この接離機構200の構成について説明する。
【0103】
図22は、ユニット化された各保持部材41,43,44の支持装置の要部を示す斜視図であり、同図において、支持装置は、各保持部材41,43,44の側面に取り付けられる支持部材であるスライドレール201,202,203とスライドレール201,202,203を各保持部材41,43,44の収納位置と引出し位置とに移動させる摺動部材204とこの摺動部材204を摺動可能に支持するために不動状態で設置されている支持基台205と摺動部材204を上述した方向に駆動するための摺動駆動部材210とを備えている。
【0104】
スライドレール201,202,203は垂直方向に並べられ、その方向で中央に位置するものが像担持体保持部材41の側面に取り付けられるレール202である。各スライドレール201,202,203及び摺動部材204、支持基台205は各保持部材41,43,44の両側面に対峙するように一対で設けられている(図22では、片側のみ図示する)。
【0105】
スライドレール201,202,203は、何れも同じ構成を備えており、図23に示すように、アウタレール201A,202A,203A及びアウタレール201A,202A,203A内に挿嵌され、内部に配置されている球体などの転動体により摺動可能なインナーレール201B,202B,203Bとを備えている。
【0106】
アウタレール201A,202A,203Aには、図23に示すように、その長手方向、つまり、各保持部材41,43,44を収納位置と引出し位置とに移動させる方向の前後に摺動部材204に連動させるための連動部材としての連結ピン201C,202C,203Cが固定されている。
【0107】
連結ピン201C,202C,203Cは、図24に示すように、摺動部材204に形成されている挿通孔204A,204B,204Cを貫通して、図23及び図24に示すように、支持基台205に長孔として形成された案内部205A,205B,205Cに挿通されている。
【0108】
図23において、摺動部材204において連結ピン201C,202C,203Cが貫通する挿通孔204A,204B,204Cは、像担持体保持部材41のスライドレール202に設けられている連結ピン202Cを対象とする挿通孔204Bが丸穴で構成され、これ以外の挿通孔204A,204Cは、上下方向に長手方向を設定された長孔で構成されている。
【0109】
各保持部材41,43,44に設けられている連結ピン201C,202C,203Cが貫通する摺動部材204側の挿通孔204A,204B,204Cは、像担持体保持部材41のスライドレール202に設けられている連結ピン202Cが貫通している挿通孔204Bの中心を基点として互いに離れる方向に長手方向の長さが設定されている。また、挿通孔204A,204B,204Cは、移動方向と直交する方向での孔幅方向の中心位置が水平方向で一致させてあり、これにより収納位置と引出し位置とに各保持部材41,43,44が移動する際には、各保持部材41,43,44同士の移動方向での相対位置が変化しないようにされている。
【0110】
図23に示すように、連結ピン201C,202C,203Cが挿通される支持基台205側の案内部205A,205B,205Cは、像担持体保持部材41を対象とする案内部202Bが像担持体保持部材41の収納位置と引出し位置とに移動する方向としての水平方向に形成された長孔であり、転写部材保持部材44及び作像ユニット保持部材43を対象とする案内部205A,205Cは、収納位置から引出し位置に向けて転写部材保持部材44及び作像ユニット保持部材43が収納位置から引出し位置に向けて移動するに従い互いに離間することができる方向を有した長孔で構成されている。
【0111】
案内部205A,205Cは、転写部材保持部材44及び作像ユニット保持部材43が収納位置から引出し位置に向けて移動する際に、転写部材保持部材44及び作像ユニット保持部材43を一旦所定距離(図23中、符号Sで示す距離)だけ水平方向に移動させ、次いで互いに離間する方向に移動させて引出し位置に到達することができる形状、図では傾斜部を備えた形状とされている。
【0112】
案内部205A,205Cにおいて、一旦、水平方向に移動させる所定距離(図23中、符号Sで示す距離)は、収納位置にある保持部材41,43,44に装備されている駆動部材に対してプリンタ本体内に設けられている駆動部材の駆動経路を断つために設定されており、保持部材41,43,44が収納位置から引出し位置に向け移動し始めた時点から駆動部材同士の係合が解除できる距離とされている。
【0113】
さらに、案内部205A,205B,205Cにおける各保持部材41,43,44の収納位置から引出し位置までの移動ストローク、換言すれば、長孔の長手方向の長さは各保持部材41,43,44同士で同じとされ、移動方向に沿った各保持部材41,43,44の相対位置関係を変化させないようにしてある。
【0114】
図24において摺動部材204に形成されている挿通孔204A,204B,204Cを貫通する連結ピン201C,202C,203Cにはブラケット206が取り付けられており、ブラケット206には、摺動部材204に形成された孔207の一部を切り起こした係止片207Aとの間にバネ208が掛け止められている。バネ208は、ブラケット206を牽引することにより常時、連結ピン201C,202C,203Cが支持基台205側の案内部205A,205B,205Cにおける各保持部材41,43,44の移動開始位置に向け戻るように付勢している。
【0115】
一方、摺動部材204における移動方向一端、つまり、引出し位置に向けた各保持部材41,43,44の移動方向下流側に相当する端部には摺動駆動部材210が設けられている。図25は摺動駆動部材210と摺動部材204との連結構造を示す図であり、同図において、摺動部材204における上述した移動方向一端には連結部材211が各保持部材41,43,44の移動方向に平行して摺動できるように設けられている。
【0116】
連結部材211には、摺動部材204側に固定されている連結ピン204Dが挿通される長孔211A及び下面にカム部211Bが各々設けられている。長孔211Aは各保持部材41,43,44の移動方向と平行する長手方向を有し、連結ピン204Dをガイドピンとして各保持部材41,43,44の移動方向に平行して連結部材211を摺動させるようになっている。
【0117】
カム部211Bは連結部材211の下面に形成された凸面を有しており、当該フルカラープリンタ1の筐体内の不動部において揺動可能に設けられている摺動係止部材212が当接している。
【0118】
カム部211Bにおける凸面は、摺動係止部材212による摺動部材204の係止状態を解除できる高さを有しており、長孔211Aは摺動係止部材212に対するカム部211Bの対向面の切換(凸面及び凹面)が行える長さを有している。つまり、図25に示す状態は各保持部材41,43,44が収納位置にある状態を示しており、この時には長孔211A内に挿通されている連結ピン204Dが引出し方向(図示矢印方向)の下流側に相当する長手方向端部の内縁に当接し、摺動係止部材212がカム部211Bの凹面に当接している。
【0119】
この状態から連結部材211が引出し方向(図示矢印方向)に動かされると長孔211A内の連結ピン204Dは長孔211Aにおける今までとは反対側の内縁に向けて移動し、これに連動してカム部211Bが摺動係止部材212を凸面に乗り上げさせる状態となる。
【0120】
連結部材211の移動はこの連結部材211に固定されている駆動ピン211Cが挿通されている摺動駆動部材210側の揺動ブラケット213を介して行われる。摺動駆動部材210は、当該フルカラープリンタ1の筐体における不動部に支持されている支軸214によって揺動可能な揺動ブラケット213及び同軸上に支持されている操作ブラケット215とを備え、操作ブラケット215には操作ハンドル216が取り付けられている。
【0121】
図25において揺動ブラケット213は、支軸214を基準として連結部材211を覆うことができる揺動半径を有した部材であり、揺動端側には連結部材211側に設けられている駆動ピン211Cが挿通される連結駆動孔213Aが形成されている。連結駆動孔213Aは、支軸214を中心とする揺動軌跡ではなくその揺動半径にほぼ沿った長手方向を有する長孔であり、揺動ブラケット213の揺動に応じて駆動ピン211Cを介して連結部材211を各保持部材41,43,44の移動方向に摺動させるようになっている。
【0122】
揺動ブラケット213には、連結駆動孔213Aとは別に支軸214を中心とした揺動軌跡を有する長孔で構成されている操作駆動孔213Bが設けられている。操作駆動孔213Bには操作ブラケット215に固定されている操作ピン217が挿通されると共に、操作ピン217を操作駆動孔213B内で揺動軌跡半周末端部に各々位置決めするクリック部材218が支持されている。
【0123】
クリック部材218は、揺動ブラケット213に揺動支軸218Aを有し、揺動端側が操作駆動孔213B内に対して進退する方向に揺動できるようになっている。操作駆動孔213B内に進入するための駆動力は、揺動ブラケット213とクリック部材218の揺動端との間に掛け止められたバネ219によって付与されている。
【0124】
クリック部材218における操作駆動孔213B側の面には凸面からなる係止面218Bが形成されており、係止面218Bを境にした凹面の何れかに操作ピン217を位置決めして操作ピン217を操作駆動孔213Bの揺動軌跡半周末端部の何れかの位置で係止できるようになっている。
【0125】
クリック部材218に掛け止められているバネ219は、クリック部材218の凸面により操作ブラケット215側に位置する操作ハンドル216が不用意に倒れるのを阻止できる弾性力が設定されており、操作ハンドル216を起立位置から倒伏させる場合に限って作用する倒伏力によって操作ブラケット215側の操作ピン217が凸面を乗り越えられるようになっている。
【0126】
連結部材211のカム部211Bに対向している摺動係止部材212は、その構成が図26に示されている。
【0127】
図26において、フルカラープリンタ1の筐体における不動部には摺動係止部材212を支持するための支持ブラケット220が設けられており、支持ブラケット220には摺動係止部材212が揺動可能に支持されている。
【0128】
摺動係止部材212は、支持ブラケット220に設けられている支軸212Aを支点としてシーソー運動可能な揺動部材であり、揺動端の一方には、支持ブラケット220との間でバネ221が掛け渡されている。
【0129】
摺動係止部材212の揺動端の他方はバネ221の付勢により連結部材211のカム部211Bに対向するようになっており、その端部には、軸方向で径が異なる係止ローラ222とガイドローラ223とが同軸上に並置されている。
【0130】
係止ローラ222は、摺動部材204の下面に形成されている係止用スリット(図25において符号204F,204F’で示す)に係脱可能なローラであり、ガイドローラ223は、連結部材211のカム部211Bに当接しながら転動可能なローラである。
【0131】
摺動係止部材212は、ガイドローラ223が連結部材211のカム部211Bと向している状態に応じて揺動することができ、カム部211Bにおける凸面に対向した場合には係止ローラ222を摺動部材204の係止用スリットから離脱させる方向に揺動する。
【0132】
係止用スリット204F,204F’は、各保持部材41,43,44を収納位置及び引出し位置に保持するために摺動部材204の移動を阻止する部分であり、符号204Fで示す係止用スリットが収納位置保持用であり、符号204F’で示す係止用スリットが引出し位置保持用とされている。
【0133】
一方、上記各保持部材41,43,44において像担持体保持部材41の上下に位置する転写部材保持部材44及び作像ユニット保持部材43は像担持体保持部材41の移動方向を基準として上下に離間することができ、いわゆる、昇降可能に支持されている。今、各各保持部材41,43,44の並置方向である上下方向の最下位に位置する作像ユニット保持部材43を対象として、その昇降支持構造について図27及び図28において説明すると次の通りである。
【0134】
図27は、作像ユニット保持部材43の底部を下方から見た斜視図であり、同図において作像ユニット保持部材43の底板DSは、底板受け部材230に載置固定され、底板受け部材230は、スライドレール203のインナーレール203Bに対して図示しないネジ等を用いて取り付けられている。
【0135】
底板受け部材230には、垂下片で構成された摺動部230Aが設けられており、摺動部230Aには、作像ユニット保持部材43の移動方向に平行する長手方向を有した摺動ガイド孔230Bが形成されている。
【0136】
摺動ガイド孔230Bの近傍には、摺動ガイド孔230Bに挿通される摺動ピン231Aを有した昇降部材231と減衰部材232とで構成された減衰装置233が配置されている。
【0137】
減衰装置233は、作像ユニット保持部材43の昇降時での速度を変化させるための装置であり、特に、下降時での速度を減衰するための装置である。
【0138】
減衰装置233に備えられている昇降部材231は、上述した摺動ピン231Aを昇降方向一端に有して昇降方向を長手方向とする支持部材231Bと支持部材231Bに設けられている係合部材としてのラック231Cを備えている。
【0139】
減衰部材232は、ラック231Cに噛み合うピニオンを備え、作像ユニット保持部材43の下降時のみ、換言すれば、一方向で速度の減衰を行える構成を備えており、ピニオンの回転が伝達される本体内部には、オイルやエアなどの流体を用いた場合の粘弾性を変化させて速度を減衰させるようになっている。
【0140】
流体を用いた場合における減衰特性は、減衰部材232内に設けられている固定オリフィス或いは開口面積を変えられる可変オリフィスを通過しようとする流量により生起される反力(弾力)変化により設定することができる。つまり、移動速度が高い場合にはオリフィス内を通過しようとする流量が多くなることで反力が大きくなり、移動速度が低い場合には流量が少なくなることで反力が小さくなるのを利用する。従って、減衰部材232では、作像ユニット保持部材43の移動速度に応じて減衰力を変化させることができる。作像ユニット保持部材43の移動速度が高い場合は、位置エネルギーの関係から作像ユニット保持部材43が下降を開始する位置にあるときであり、下降が継続されるに連れて移動速度が小さくなり、ここに、減衰部材232は、下降開始時よりの下降終了時の方が速度の減衰、つまり移動速度が小さくなる特性を有していることになる。
【0141】
減衰装置233では、昇降方向の長手方向を有する昇降部材231と減衰部材232との組み合わせでユニットの移動速度を減衰するので、ユニットの下降時には、いわゆる直線運動だけですみ、モーメントなどを発生させることがないので、減衰部材232の減衰出力を大きなものとしないで済むことになり、小型なものを準備することができる。なお、図27において符号234は減衰装置233の支持台を示している。
【0142】
減衰装置の変形例としては、粘弾性に代えて、摩擦係数の変化を利用することもできる。図28は、この場合を示す模式図であり、同図において、作像ユニット保持部材43が下降する方向に沿って作像ユニット保持部材43の幅方向寸法が狭くなる摩擦部材235を設け、作像ユニット保持部材43の下降時に摩擦部材235の表面を滑落する際の摩擦抵抗の変化(増加傾向とする)により下降終了時での速度を下降開始時よりも小さくするようにしても良い。
【0143】
本実施の形態によれば、各保持部材41,43,44は摺動駆動部材210に装備されている操作ハンドル216を起立状態から倒伏状態に揺動させることで収納位置から引出し位置に向け移動させることができ、引出し位置に到達した時点では像担持体保持部材41を基準として転写部材保持部材44及び作像ユニット保持部材43を、図4(b)に示したように、互いに上下方向で離間させた状態とすることができる。以下その作用について説明する。
【0144】
図23は、各保持部材41,43,44がフルカラープリンタ1の筐体内で収納位置にある時を示しており、この状態では、摺動駆動部材210に装備されている操作ハンドル216が起立状態とされている。操作ハンドル216の起立状態は、図24に示した操作ブラケット215側の操作ピン217がクリック部材218の係止面218Bにより係止されることにより維持される。
【0145】
筐体の側面カバー(図示せず)が開放されて操作ハンドル216を操作することにより、操作ハンドル216を起立状態から倒伏状態に移行し始めると、各保持部材41,43,44の支持装置では、図29に示すように、操作ハンドル216においてクリック部材218側のバネ219の弾性力以上の作用力が付与されると、操作ブラケット215側の操作ピン217がクリック部材218の係止面218Bを乗り越える。
【0146】
操作ピン217がクリック部材218の係止面218Bを乗り越えて操作駆動孔213Bの長手方向における引出し方向下流側の内縁に当接すると、図30に示すように、この状態で操作ハンドル216がさらに倒伏位置に向けて揺動されることにより連結部材211側の駆動ピン211Cが揺動ブラケット213の揺動に連動して長孔211Aの長手方向の長さに相当する量だけ摺動する。
【0147】
図30に示されているように、連結部材211側の長孔211Aにおける各保持部材41,43,44の引出し方向下流側の内縁に連結ピン204Dが当接した状態ではカム部211Bの凸面が摺動係止部材212におけるガイドローラ223と対向することにより摺動係止部材212が係止ローラ222を摺動部材204の係止用スリット204Fから離脱させる方向に揺動し、ここに摺動部材204が収納位置で拘束されている状態を解除されて引出し位置に向け摺動させることが可能となる。
【0148】
図31は、図30に示した状態から操作ハンドル216をさらに倒伏位置に向けて揺動させた状態を示しており、この状態では、操作ハンドル216の揺動に連動して揺動ブラケット213が揺動することにより連結駆動孔213Aの内縁に駆動ピン211Cが突き当たると共に長孔211Aの引出し方向下流側内縁に連結ピン204Dが突き当たっている。これにより、揺動ブラケット213の揺動に連動して摺動部材204が引出し方向に向け移動を開始する。
【0149】
摺動部材204が引出し方向に向けて移動を開始すると、摺動部材204を貫通している連結ピン201C,202C,203Cが連動して支持基台205の案内部205A,205B,205Cに沿って摺動するが、摺動部材204の移動開始直後で所定距離移動する間で水平方向への移動が行われることで各保持部材41,43,44に装備されている駆動部材と筐体側の駆動部材との駆動経路が断たれる。このときの移動方向が水平方向であるので、例えば、駆動部材同士が水平方向で嵌合する構造であれば移動時にその方向以外の外力を受けることなく簡単に駆動経路を断つことができ、しかも嵌合方向に移動することで余計な負荷を作用させることがない。
【0150】
図31において、支持基台205に有する案内部205A,205B,205Cの各々の形状設定により連結ピン201C,202C,203Cは、像担持体保持部材41側のスライドレール202に設けられている連結ピン202Cの移動方向を基準として転写部材保持部材44側及び作像ユニット保持部材43側のスライドレール201,203に設けられている連結ピン201C,203Cが上下方向で互いに離間する方向に移動する。転写部材保持部材44側及び作像ユニット保持部材43側の上下方向での離間は、摺動部材204に設けられている挿通孔204A,204Bの形成位置及び長手方向の向きにより保持部材41,43,44同士の移動方向に沿った相対位置関係を変化させない状態で像担持体保持部材41を挟んで転写部材保持部材44と作像ユニット保持部材43とが互いに上下方向に離間する。
【0151】
一方、摺動部材204の移動に連動して連結部材211も引出し位置に向けて移動することになり、このとき、カム部211Bの凹面が摺動係止部材212のガイドローラ223に対面する。これにより、摺動係止部材212は、係止ローラ222が摺動部材204に有する係止用スリットの他方204F’に係合する向きに揺動する。この結果、摺動部材204は保持部材41,43,44の引出し位置に保持される。
【0152】
図31に示す状態では、摺動部材204の移動に連動して連結ピン201C,202C,203Cが各々摺動部材204の移動ストロークに対応する量だけ移動することになり、これにより連結ピン201C,202C,203Cが固定されているスライドレール201,202,203のアウタレール201A,202A,203Aが収納位置から引出し位置に向けて移動することとなる。この結果、通常はアウタレールを固定してインナーレールのみを移動させる場合と比べてスライドレール全体での移動ストロークを大きくすることができる。この状態は、図31において符号Lで示す量だけ支持基台205の端縁からアウタレール201A,202A,203Aがはみ出している状態に相当している。
【0153】
図32及び図33は、図27に示した作像ユニット保持部材43が摺動部材204の移動に連動して水平方向に移動する状態と像担持体保持部材41の移動方向を基準として下降する状態とを各々示す図である。
【0154】
図32において、摺動部材204の移動に連動して作像ユニット保持部材43が水平方向に移動する場合には、底板受け部材DSも同じ方向(図中、矢印Fで示す方向)に移動し、これに伴い減衰装置233側では昇降部材231の摺動ピン231Aが摺動ガイド孔210B内を摺動する。
【0155】
図33において、摺動部材204の移動に連動して作像ユニット保持部材43が下降すると、底板受け部材DSが下降するのに連動して摺動部210Aも下降するので(図中、矢印Dで示す方向)、摺動ガイド孔210Bに摺動ピン231Aを挿通させている昇降部材231が下降する(図中、矢印D’で示す方向)。このとき、昇降部材231に有するラック231Cの移動速度が減衰装置233の減衰部材232によって減衰されることになる。
【0156】
本実施の形態では、作像ユニット保持部材43が下降速度が減衰されて下降終了位置にスライドレール203を介して達し、作像ユニット保持部材43が引出し位置に引き出されると、スライドレール201〜203に収容されている各保持部材41,43,44のうちで交換或いは保守点検の対象となる保持部材がスライドレール201〜203のインナーレールがアウタレールから引き出されることにより機器を取り出せる位置に持ち来される。
【0157】
各保持部材41,43,44を引出し位置から収納位置に向けて移動させる場合には上述した場合と逆の手順により各保持部材41,43,44を収納位置に位置決めして保持することができる。
【0158】
【発明の効果】
請求項12記載の発明によれば、像担持体保持部材に対して複数の像担持体が遊びを持ってまとめて保持され、作像ユニット保持部材に対して複数の作像ユニットがまとめて保持され、像担持体保持部材が装置本体内の所定位置に位置させた状態で各像担持体が装置本体に対して位置決めされ、このように位置決めされた各像担持体に対して各作像ユニットが位置決めされるので、各々の保持部材に対する取付け精度が要求されないこととなり、ユーザレベルでのメンテナンス・交換作業でも、着脱操作に際してその取付け位置等に気を使う必要もなく極めて容易に行わせることができる。
また、いわゆるタンデム方式の画像形成装置の場合に好適に適用できる。また、同じ機能を有して寿命がほぼ同一であると見倣せる像担持体が像担持体保持部材に着脱自在に保持されているので、長寿命分解型の構成を採りつつ、そのメンテナンス・交換作業等を像担持体保持部材単位で一つにまとめて行うことが可能となり、メンテナンス・交換作業等の作業性を大幅に向上させることもできる。作像ユニットについても同様である。
また、像担持体のメンテナンス・交換に際しては上方より像担持体保持部材上に載置させるだけでよく、作業性を向上させることができる。作像ユニットについても同様である。
また、像担持体同士、作像ユニット同士の如く、同じ機能を有して寿命がほぼ同一であると見倣せる像担持体がまとめて像担持体保持部材に保持され、作像ユニットがまとめて作像ユニット保持部材に保持されて、各々保持部材単位で装置本体に対して単独で引出し自在であるので、長寿命分解型の構成を採りつつ、そのメンテナンス・交換作業等を像担持体保持部材単位或いは作像ユニット保持部材単位で各々一つにまとめて行うことが可能となり、メンテナンス・交換作業等の作業性を大幅に向上させることもできる。
請求項3記載の発明によれば、請求項1又は2記載の発明の効果に加え、複数の像担持体を保持した像担持体保持部材と複数の作像ユニットを保持した作像ユニット保持部材とを装置本体内において接離機構により離間可能とすることで、個々の像担持体・作像ユニットに対して接離機構等を設けることなく保持部材間についての一つの接離機構で離間させることができ、接離機構を大幅に簡略化することができ、簡易・安価な構成にて、像担持体・作像ユニット間が常に接触していることによる当接跡の残存等の悪影響を簡単に回避することができる。
請求項4、5記載の発明によれば、請求項1ないし3の何れか一記載の発明の効果に加えて、第2像担持体が第2像担持体保持部材に保持され、各々の保持部材が装置本体内に装着された状態で各像担持体が位置決めされ、このように位置決めされた各像担持体に対して第2像担持体が位置決めされるので、各々の保持部材に対する取付け精度が要求されないこととなり、ユーザレベルでのメンテナンス・交換作業でも、着脱操作に際してその取付け位置等に気を使う必要もなく極めて容易にすることができる。
請求項6記載の発明によれば、請求項4又は5記載の発明の効果に加え、像担持体保持部材と第2像担持体保持部材とを装置本体内において接離機構により離間可能としたので、各像担持体・第2像担持体に対して接離機構等を設けることなくこれらの保持部材間についての接離機構だけで済ませることが可能となり、接離機構を大幅に簡略化することができ、簡易・安価な構成にて、像担持体・第2像担持体間が常に接触していることによる当接跡の残存等の悪影響を簡単に回避することができる。
請求項7記載の発明によれば、請求項6記載の発明の効果に加え、像担持体保持部材に対する作像ユニット保持部材の離間動作と、像担持体保持部材に対する第2像担持体保持部材の離間動作とを連動機構により同時に行わせることにより、その駆動源等を共通化させ得る等、接離機構をより簡略化させることができ、かつ、その制御系も別個に設ける必要がなく、簡略化させることができる。
請求項8記載の発明によれば、請求項4ないし7の何れか一記載の発明の効果に加え、像担持体同士、作像ユニット同士、第2像担持体の如く、同じ機能を有して寿命がほぼ同一であると見倣せる像担持体がまとめて像担持体保持部材に保持され、作像ユニットがま とめて作像ユニット保持部材に保持され、第2像担持体が第2像担持体保持部材に保持されて、各々保持部材単位で装置本体に対して単独で引出し自在であるので、長寿命分解型の構成を採りつつ、そのメンテナンス・交換作業等を像担持体保持部材単位、作像ユニット保持部材単位或いは第2像担持体単位で各々一つにまとめて行うことが可能となり、メンテナンス・交換作業等の作業性を大幅に向上させることもできる。
請求項9記載の発明によれば、請求項8記載の発明の効果に加え、各保持部材が装置本体から引出し自在で保持している部材の着脱方向が全て同一であるので、着脱操作の作業性を向上させることができる。
請求項10記載の発明によれば、請求項9記載の発明の効果に加えて、像担持体、作像ユニット及び第2像担持体の着脱方向が上下方向で同一であるので、着脱操作の作業性をより一層向上させることができる。
請求項11記載の発明によれば、請求項4ないし10の何れか一記載の発明の効果に加えて、例えば1回の通紙で両面カラー印刷を可能にするために第3像担持体を備えるような構成の場合においても、第2像担持体保持部材及び第3像担持体保持部材単位で各々位置決め部を備え、相互の係合により位置決めさせることにより、個々の像担持体、作像ユニット、第2像担持体に関しては各々の対応する保持部材に対する位置決めを行えばよく、個々に複雑な位置決め機構を不要にすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施の形態を示すフルカラープリンタの外観斜視図である。
【図2】その内部構成を示す概略正面図である。
【図3】変形例の内部構成を示す概略正面図である。
【図4】略図的に示すブロック構成図である。
【図5】外装カバー開放状態を示す概略斜視図である。
【図6】内部カバー開放状態を示す概略斜視図である。
【図7】像担持体保持部材の引出し状態を示す概略斜視図である。
【図8】感光体取り外し状態を示す概略斜視図である。
【図9】作像ユニット保持部材の引出し状態を示す概略斜視図である。
【図10】作像ユニット取り外し状態を示す概略斜視図である。
【図11】転写部材保持部材の引出し状態を示す概略斜視図である。
【図12】中間転写ベルト取り外し状態を示す概略斜視図である。
【図13】ベルト保持部材開放状態を示す概略斜視図である。
【図14】転写ベルト取り外し状態を示す概略斜視図である。
【図15】接離機構の一例を示す縦断正面図である。
【図16】その側面図である。
【図17】接離機構の変形例を示す側面図である。
【図18】像担持体保持部材の位置決め構造を示す分解斜視図である。
【図19】作像ユニットの位置決め構造の一例を示し、(a)は正面図、(b)は側面図である。
【図20】ベルト保持部材の位置決め構造を示す概略正面図である。
【図21】空調手段との連結関係を示す背面から見た分解斜視図である。
【図22】本発明の第二の実施の形態の接離機構を示す概略斜視図である。
【図23】その一部を拡大して示す概略斜視図である。
【図24】その摺動部材と摺動駆動部材とを示す概略斜視図である。
【図25】摺動部材と摺動駆動部材との連結構造を示す部分的な側面図である。
【図26】図25の一部を斜め上方から見た構成の一部を示す部分的な斜視図である。
【図27】減衰装置の構成例を示す概略斜視図である。
【図28】減衰装置の変形例を示す模式図である。
【図29】引出し操作の初期段階を示す部分的な側面図である。
【図30】操作ハンドルをさらに倒した引出し操作の中期段階を示す部分的な側面図である。
【図31】操作ハンドルをさらに大きく倒した引出し操作の終期段階を示す部分的な側面図である。
【図32】減衰装置の初期段階を示す概略斜視図である。
【図33】減衰装置の終期段階を示す概略斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
2 装置本体
3 像担持体
12 第2像担持体
41 像担持体保持部材
42 作像ユニット
43 作像ユニット保持部材
44 第2像担持体保持部材
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine, a printer, or a facsimile machine using an electrophotographic method, an image forming process member such as a charging device or a developing device is arranged around an image carrier such as a photosensitive member according to an electrophotographic process. It is installed.
[0003]
In the case of a color image forming apparatus, there are various methods. For example, in the case of a tandem method, a photosensitive member (image carrier) and its surrounding image formation for each color of YMCBk (yellow, magenta, cyan, black). Each color toner image formed on the photoconductor for each color is temporarily superimposed on, for example, a belt-shaped transfer member (second image carrier) provided in common to each photoconductor. The toner images superimposed on the transfer member are transferred onto a recording material such as transfer paper.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In this type of image forming apparatus, a process cartridge (or a process unit) that has been conventionally configured so that a photosensitive member and a developing device are integrated and detachable from the main body of the apparatus, allowing maintenance and replacement work by a user. The form is known. The process cartridge has an advantage that the replacement work by the user is easy when the life of the cartridge is reached because the image forming means such as the photosensitive member and the developing device is integrated, but on the other hand, a plurality of image forming means. Is a one-piece structure, it is necessary to replace the entire cartridge even when the life of some image forming means in the process cartridge is exhausted. This has the disadvantage of high cost and high environmental impact. Have.
[0005]
For this reason, the photoconductor and the image forming unit adjacent to the photoconductor, such as the developing unit, are replaced in units of components according to their lifetime, so-called single-use disposable to long-life decomposition type Is becoming a trend of the times.
[0006]
However, when considering such a long-life decomposition type configuration, especially in a tandem type full-color image forming apparatus, there are many target members, and the work is extremely troublesome and difficult at the time of maintenance / replacement work at the user level. End up.
[0007]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to ensure improvement in maintenance and replacement workability for an image forming apparatus having a plurality of image carriers, such as a tandem color image forming apparatus.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image forming apparatus comprising: a plurality of image carriers; an image carrier holding member that holds the plurality of image carriers together with play; and each of the image carriers. A plurality of image forming units that perform image forming processing including at least development processing, and an image forming unit holding member that collectively holds the plurality of image forming units, and each of the image carriers includes the image carrier. Arranged in parallel to the body holding member, and mounted on the image carrier holding member from above and detachably held, and each image forming unit is attached to the image forming unit holding member. The image carrier holding member and the image forming unit holding member are both detachably held by being placed in parallel with the image forming unit holding member from above. Can be pulled out against Located at a predetermined position of the Kizo carrier holding member device bodyWasIn the state, each of the image carriers is positioned with respect to the apparatus main body.Configured to,By pushing up the image forming unit holding member so as to be close to or pressed against the image carrier holding member,Each of the image forming units held by the image forming unit holding member is positioned with respect to each of the positioned image carriers.Is structured as.
  Accordingly, the plurality of image carriers are held together with play on the image carrier holding member, the plurality of image forming units are held together on the image forming unit holding member, and the image carrier holding member is Each image carrier is positioned with respect to the apparatus main body in a state where the image carrier is positioned at a predetermined position in the apparatus main body, and each image forming unit is positioned with respect to each image carrier thus positioned. The mounting accuracy with respect to the holding member is not required, and maintenance and replacement work at the user level is extremely easy because it is not necessary to pay attention to the mounting position or the like during the mounting / demounting operation.
  Each image carrier is alsoEachSince the image forming unit is also arranged in parallel to each holding member and is detachably held, the image forming unit can be suitably applied to a so-called tandem type image forming apparatus. In addition, since the image carrier that has the same function and can be regarded as having almost the same life is detachably held by the image carrier holding member, it is possible to perform maintenance and maintenance while adopting a long life decomposition type configuration. Exchange operations and the like can be performed together for each image carrier holding member, and workability such as maintenance and replacement operations can be greatly improved.
  Each image carrier is alsoEachSince the image forming units are also mounted on the respective holding members from above and are detachable, only the image forming unit and the image forming unit are placed on the image holding member holding member from above when maintenance and replacement are performed. It will be good and workability will be good.
  Further, since both the image carrier holding member and the image forming unit holding member can be pulled out with respect to the apparatus main body, they have the same function as the image carriers and between the image forming units and have a long life. Image carriers that can be regarded as almost the same are collectively held by the image carrier holding member, and the image forming units are collectively held by the image forming unit holding member. Since it can be pulled out freely, it is possible to perform maintenance / replacement work etc. in one unit for each image carrier holding member unit or image forming unit holding member unit while adopting a long-life decomposition type configuration, Workability such as maintenance and replacement work can be greatly improved.
  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the first aspect, the image carrier holding member regulating member that positions the image carrier holding member at a predetermined position in the apparatus main body and the image positioned at the predetermined position. An image carrier positioning mechanism for positioning each of the image carriers on the carrier holding member with respect to the apparatus main body, and each of the positioned image carriers is held by the image forming unit holding member. An image forming unit positioning mechanism for positioning each of the image forming units.
  Therefore, the configuration for realizing the invention described in claim 1 is clarified.
  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the first or second aspect, the image carrier holding member is provided in the main body of the apparatus.AgainstThe image forming unit holding partMaterialTheSeparationA contact / separation mechanism is provided.
  Therefore, in addition to the invention of claim 1 or 2,,PiecesEach image carrier / image forming unit can be separated by a single contact / separation mechanism between the holding members without providing a contact / separation mechanism, and the contact / separation mechanism can be greatly simplified. With a simple and inexpensive configuration, it is possible to easily avoid adverse effects such as remaining contact marks due to the constant contact between the image carrier and the image forming unit.
  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, the image carried on each of the image carriers is transferred in common to the respective image carriers. A second image carrier and a second image carrier holding member for holding the second image carrier, and the second image carrier holding member is attached to each of the positioned image carriers. The held second image carrier is positioned.
  Therefore, in addition to the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the second image carrier is held by the second image carrier holding member, and each holding member is mounted in the apparatus main body. Since the image carrier is positioned and the second image carrier is positioned with respect to each of the image carriers thus positioned, the mounting accuracy with respect to each holding member is not required. Even in the replacement work, it is extremely easy to eliminate the need to pay attention to the mounting position during the attaching / detaching operation.
  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the second image carrier held by the second image carrier holding member with respect to each of the positioned image carriers. A second image carrier positioning mechanism for positioning is provided.
  Therefore, the configuration for realizing the invention of claim 4 is clarified.
  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the fourth or fifth aspect, the image carrier holding member and the second image carrier holding member are arranged in the main body of the apparatus.SeparationA contact / separation mechanism is provided.
  Therefore, in addition to the invention described in claim 4 or 5, the image carrier holding member and the second image carrier holding member can be separated from each other by the contact / separation mechanism in the apparatus main body. It is possible to use only the contact / separation mechanism between these holding members without providing a contact / separation mechanism for the carrier, and the contact / separation mechanism can be greatly simplified, resulting in a simple and inexpensive configuration. Thus, it is possible to easily avoid adverse effects such as remaining contact marks due to the constant contact between the image carrier and the second image carrier.
  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the sixth aspect, the separating operation of the image forming unit holding member with respect to the image carrier holding member and the second image carrier holding with respect to the image carrier holding member. An interlocking mechanism that simultaneously performs the separating operation of the members is provided.
  Therefore, in addition to the invention described in claim 6, the separating operation of the image forming unit holding member with respect to the image carrier holding member and the separating operation of the second image carrier holding member with respect to the image carrier holding member are simultaneously performed by the interlocking mechanism. As a result, the contact / separation mechanism can be simplified, for example, the drive source can be shared, and the control system need not be provided separately, and can be simplified.
  The invention according to claim 8 is the image forming apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 7.,in frontSecond image carrier holding partMaterialIt can be pulled out from the main body.
  Therefore, in addition to the invention according to any one of claims 4 to 7, it is assumed that the image bearing members, the image forming units, and the second image bearing member have the same function and have substantially the same lifetime. The image carriers to be held together are held on the image carrier holding member, the image forming units are held together on the image forming unit holding member, and the second image carrier is held on the second image carrier holding member. Since it can be pulled out independently from the apparatus main body in units of holding members, the maintenance / replacement operation and the like can be performed in the image carrier holding member unit, the image forming unit holding member unit or the second, while adopting a long-life decomposition type configuration. It is possible to carry out the operations in units of image carriers, and it is possible to greatly improve workability such as maintenance and replacement work.
  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the eighth aspect, the image carrier held by the image carrier holding member, the image forming unit holding member, and the second image carrier holding member, The attaching / detaching directions of the image forming unit and the second image carrier are the same.
  Therefore, in addition to the invention described in claim 8, since the attaching / detaching directions of the members held by the holding members so that they can be pulled out from the apparatus main body are all the same, the workability of the attaching / detaching operation is improved.
  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the ninth aspect, the drawing direction of the image carrier holding member, the image forming unit holding member, and the second image carrier holding member is a horizontal direction.,in frontThe attachment / detachment direction of the second image carrier isThe image carrier and the image forming unit;Are the same.
  Therefore, in addition to the invention described in claim 9, since the attaching / detaching directions of the image carrier, the image forming unit, and the second image carrier are the same in the vertical direction, the workability of the attaching / detaching operation can be further improved. .
  According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to any one of the fourth to tenth aspects, a third image carrier to which an image on the second image carrier is transferred, and the third image carrier. A third image carrier holding member for holding the second image carrier holding member, and each of the second image carrier holding member and the third image carrier holding member has a positioning portion, and the second image carrier holding member has a positioning portion. The mutual positioning is performed by engaging the positioning portion of the third image carrier holding member with the positioning portion.
  Therefore, in addition to the invention according to any one of claims 4 to 10, even in the case of a configuration including a third image carrier for enabling double-sided color printing with one sheet passing, for example, Each of the two image carrier holding members and the third image carrier holding member is provided with a positioning portion, and each of the image carrier, the image forming unit, and the second image carrier is each positioned by mutual engagement. It suffices to perform positioning with respect to the corresponding holding member, and a complicated positioning mechanism can be eliminated individually.
[0036]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The image forming apparatus of the present embodiment shows an application example to a full color printer capable of printing on both sides almost simultaneously by a so-called tandem method. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing the outline of the full-color printer 1, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing the schematic structure inside. Of course, the present invention can be applied not only to a printer but also to a copying machine, a facsimile machine, and the like.
[0037]
First, the internal configuration of the full color printer 1 will be described with reference to FIG. Four drum-shaped photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk, which are image carriers, are horizontally arranged at equal intervals in the left-right direction in the drawing in a substantially central portion in the apparatus main body 2 of the full-color printer 1. It is arranged. The subscripts Y, M, C, and Bk indicate yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, respectively. When paying attention to the photoreceptor 3Y for yellow image, this photoreceptor 3Y has a structure in which an organic semiconductor layer, which is a photoconductive material, is provided on the surface of an aluminum cylinder having a diameter of about 30 to 100 mm, for example, and is driven to rotate clockwise. An image forming member such as a charging roller 4Y, a developing device 6Y having a developing roller 5Y, and a cleaning member 7Y are sequentially arranged around the periphery in accordance with an electrophotographic process. The same applies to the photoconductors 3M, 3C, and 3Bk for magenta, cyan, and black. That is, only the color of the toner used is different. The photosensitive member (image carrier) is not limited to a drum shape, and a belt shape can also be used.
[0038]
Below these photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, 3Bk, a laser beam corresponding to image data for each color is scanned and applied to the uniformly charged photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, 3Bk to form an electrostatic latent image. An exposure device 8 for forming is provided, and laser light irradiated by the exposure device 8 enters between the charging rollers 4 and the developing rollers 5 toward the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk. Thus, a long and narrow space (slit) is secured. Although the illustrated example is shown as a laser scanning method using a laser light source, a polygon mirror, etc., an exposure apparatus combining an LED array and an imaging means may be used.
[0039]
Also, an intermediate transfer belt 12 as a second image carrier that is supported by a plurality of rollers 9, 10, 11 and rotated counterclockwise is provided above the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, 3Bk. Is provided. The intermediate transfer belt 12 is common to the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk, and is in a substantially horizontal state so that a part of each photoreceptor 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk after the developing process comes into contact. The transfer rollers 13Y, 13M, 13C, and 13Bk are provided on the inner periphery of the belt so as to face the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk. For example, a cleaning device 14 is provided at a position facing the roller 11 on the outer peripheral portion of the intermediate transfer belt 12. The cleaning device 14 wipes off unnecessary toner remaining on the belt surface. The intermediate transfer belt 12 is, for example, a belt based on a resin film or rubber having a base thickness of 50 to 600 μm, and can transfer toner images from the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk. The resistance value is as follows.
[0040]
On the other hand, on the right side of the intermediate transfer belt 12, a transfer belt 17 is provided as a third image carrier that is supported by a plurality of rollers 15 and 16 and is driven to rotate clockwise. The transfer belt 17 is in contact with the intermediate transfer belt 12 so as to form a predetermined transfer nip at the roller 9 portion, and is arranged flat in a substantially vertical state. Similarly to the intermediate transfer belt 12, the transfer belt 17 is a belt based on a resin film or rubber having a base thickness of 50 to 600 μm, for example, and can transfer a toner image from the intermediate transfer belt 12. Has a resistance value. For this reason, the transfer belt 17 is configured to have a circumferential length capable of carrying a toner image of at least the maximum paper size.
[0041]
A transfer roller 18 and a guide roller 19 for transferring the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 12 are arranged on the inner peripheral portion of the transfer belt 17 so as to face the roller 9. Are provided with a transfer charger 20 for transferring the toner image on the transfer belt 17 to the transfer paper S and a cleaning device 21 for wiping off unnecessary toner remaining on the belt surface. A spring 22 presses the transfer belt 17 against the intermediate transfer belt 12 via the transfer roller 18.
[0042]
On the other hand, a plurality of stages, for example, two stages of paper feed cassettes 23 and 24 are arranged below the exposure apparatus 8 in the apparatus main body 2 so as to be drawable. The transfer paper S stored in the paper feed cassettes 23 and 24 is selectively fed by the corresponding paper feed rollers 25 and 26, and is directed to a transfer position by the intermediate transfer belt 12 and the transfer belt 17. Thus, the paper feed path 27 is formed substantially vertically. A pair of registration rollers 28 is provided immediately before the transfer position in the paper feed / conveyance path 27 to take the timing of paper feed to the transfer position. Further, a transport discharge path 30 is formed above the transfer position, which is continuous with the paper feed transport path 27 and passes between the transfer belt 17 and the transfer charger 20 and is connected to the discharge stack portion 29 at the upper part of the apparatus body 2. . A fixing device 31 having a pair of fixing rollers, a pair of paper discharge rollers 32, and the like are disposed in the transport paper discharge path 30.
[0043]
In the apparatus main body 2, the space below the paper discharge stack unit 29 stores toner of each color used in each of the photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk, and a toner container that can be transported and supplied to a corresponding developing device by a pump or the like. A portion 33 is provided.
[0044]
The operation at the time of double-sided printing in which an image is formed on both sides of the transfer paper S in such a configuration will be described. First, an electrostatic latent image is formed by irradiating the surface of the uniformly charged photoreceptor 3Y with the laser light corresponding to the image data for yellow emitted from the semiconductor laser by the operation of the exposure device 8 by the charging roller 4Y. Is done. This electrostatic latent image is developed with yellow toner after being developed by the developing roller 5Y, becomes a visible image, and receives a transfer action by the transfer roller 13Y on the intermediate transfer belt 12 that moves in synchronization with the photoreceptor 3Y. Transcribed. Such latent image formation, development, and transfer operations are sequentially performed in the same manner at the timing of the photoconductors 3M, 3C, and 3Bk. As a result, the yellow Y, magenta M, cyan C, and black Bk toner images are maintained and conveyed on the intermediate transfer belt 12 as overlapping full-color toner images.
[0045]
The full-color toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 12 is transferred to the transfer belt 17 that moves in synchronization with the intermediate transfer belt 12 by the transfer action of the transfer roller 18. As a result, it is maintained and conveyed as a full-color toner image for one side of the transfer paper S on the transfer belt 17. The surface of the intermediate transfer belt 12 is cleaned by the cleaning device 14 to prepare for the next image formation / transfer.
[0046]
Thereafter, when the intermediate transfer belt 12 moves to a predetermined position, an image forming process for the other side of the transfer paper S is started. The image forming process in this case is the same as that for forming the full-color toner image for one side described above, and this full-color toner image is maintained on the intermediate transfer belt 12.
[0047]
After this image forming process is completed, the transfer sheet S is conveyed toward the transfer position by the transfer roller 18 at a timing by the registration roller 28, so that the full color toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 12 is sequentially transferred to the other surface of the transfer sheet S. Subsequently, the full color toner image on the transfer belt 17 is sequentially transferred to one side of the transfer sheet S by the transfer charger 20. In other words, both sides of the transfer sheet S are printed almost simultaneously at these transfer positions.
[0048]
Incidentally, in this embodiment, the polarity of the toner image on the photoconductor 3 is negative, and the toner image on the photoconductor 3 is transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 12 by applying a positive charge to the transfer roller 13. The Further, by applying a positive charge to the transfer roller 18, the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 12 is transferred onto the transfer belt 17 (for one side) or the other side of the transfer paper S (for the other side). Further, a negative polarity toner image on the transfer belt 17 is sucked and transferred to one side of the transfer sheet S by applying a positive polarity charge by the transfer charger 20.
[0049]
The transfer sheet S on which the full-color toner images are transferred almost simultaneously on both sides in this way is discharged onto the discharge stack unit 29 by the discharge roller 32 after fixing processing by the fixing device 31.
[0050]
In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the side (page) to be transferred to the transfer paper S later, that is, the side directly transferred from the intermediate transfer belt 12 of the double-sided image is directed downward. Since the paper is discharged to the paper stack unit 29, when page alignment is taken into consideration, the image of the second page is created first and maintained on the transfer belt 17, and the image of the first page is transferred to the intermediate transfer belt. 12 may be directly transferred onto the transfer paper S from above. Further, the image transferred from the intermediate transfer belt 12 to the transfer paper S is exposed on the photoconductor 3, and the image transferred from the transfer belt 17 to the transfer paper S is exposed to be a mirror image on the photoconductor 3. . Such image forming order control for page alignment can be easily realized by a known technique for storing image data in a memory and a normal image / mirror image (reverse image) switching exposure control by a known image processing technique.
[0051]
An operation when an image is formed on only one side of the transfer paper S will be described. In this case, there are a method for transferring the toner image from the intermediate transfer belt 12 to the transfer paper S and a method for transferring the toner image from the transfer belt 17 to the transfer paper S using the transfer belt 17. The former method that omits the process of transferring to the belt 17 will be described.
[0052]
First, an electrostatic latent image is formed by irradiating the surface of the uniformly charged photoreceptor 3Y with the laser light corresponding to the image data for yellow emitted from the semiconductor laser by the operation of the exposure device 8 by the charging roller 4Y. Is done. This electrostatic latent image is developed with yellow toner after being developed by the developing roller 5Y, becomes a visible image, and receives a transfer action by the transfer roller 13Y on the intermediate transfer belt 12 that moves in synchronization with the photoreceptor 3Y. Transcribed. Such latent image formation, development, and transfer operations are sequentially performed in the same manner at the timing of the photoconductors 3M, 3C, and 3Bk. As a result, the yellow Y, magenta M, cyan C, and black Bk toner images are maintained and conveyed on the intermediate transfer belt 12 as overlapping full-color toner images.
[0053]
The full-color toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 12 is transferred to the transfer sheet S conveyed in synchronization with the intermediate transfer belt 12 by the transfer action of the transfer roller 18. The surface of the intermediate transfer belt 12 is cleaned by the cleaning device 14 to prepare for the next image formation / transfer. The transferred transfer sheet S receives a fixing action by the fixing device 31 in the transport discharge path 30 and is discharged to the discharge stack unit 29 by the discharge roller 32 downward on the image surface. In this process, the transfer charger 20 does not operate.
[0054]
Note that these double-sided printing and single-sided printing operations have been described for full-color printing, but even in monochrome printing with a specific color or black, there is a photosensitive member that is not used, and the operation is the same. .
[0055]
In addition, when it is not necessary to perform both-side printing at the same time with one sheet passing, instead of the transfer belt 17 and the transfer charger 20, a simple conveying belt 35 is provided as shown in FIG. A double-sided conveyance path 37 with a reversing path 36 for re-feeding the transfer sheet S that has already been printed on one side to the transfer position by the transfer roller 18 may be provided on the path 30 side. Reference numerals 38 and 39 denote switching claws for switching the path of the transfer sheet S.
[0056]
Under such a configuration, characteristic portions of the present embodiment will be described in order.
[0057]
First, in the present embodiment, an image carrier holding member 41 that detachably holds the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk is provided. In the present embodiment, the developing device 6 including the charging roller 4 and the developing roller 5, and the cleaning member 7 serve as the image forming unit 42, and the image forming units 42Y, 42M, 42C, and 42Bk are detachable. An image forming unit holding member 43 for holding is also provided. Further, a transfer member holding member 44 that detachably holds the intermediate transfer belt 12 is also provided as a second image carrier holding member.
[0058]
In the configuration using such holding members 41, 43, and 44, in this embodiment, at least during image formation, the holding member 43 is based on the image carrier holding member 41 as schematically shown in FIG. , 44 are brought into a state where they can approach or be pressed so that an image forming operation can be performed. However, during non-image formation, the holding members 43, 44 are attached to the image carrier holding member 41 as schematically shown in FIG. Separation is possible by the contact / separation mechanism.
[0059]
During non-image formation, the timing of separating the holding members 43 and 44 from the image carrier holding member 41 is the timing of separating immediately after the end of the image forming operation, or a certain time has elapsed since the end of the image forming operation. Timing can be taken. For example, if the timing of separating immediately after the image forming operation is finished, the holding members 43 and 44 can be separated as much as possible with respect to the image carrier holding member 41, and avoiding adverse effects such as remaining contact marks. When the image forming operation can be performed to the maximum and automatically performed at a timing after a certain time has elapsed after the image forming operation is completed, the image carrier holding member 41 can be applied to a range that does not interfere with non-image formation. The holding members 43 and 44 can be separated as much as possible, and avoidance of adverse effects such as remaining contact marks can be exhibited as much as possible. Here, in this embodiment, it is assumed that the separation operation is automatically performed when the image forming operation is finished and a certain period of time elapses to enter the energy saving mode. In addition, when the user or service person opens the exterior cover 45 (more practically, the inner cover 46 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) for maintenance, replacement, etc., and the power switch is turned off. Even in such a case, there is also included a mode in which the holding members 43 and 44 are automatically separated from the image carrier holding member 41 in conjunction with the opening operation and the power switch off operation. That is, the separation operation is set so as to take the logical sum (OR) of the energy saving mode entry, the opening of the exterior cover 45, and the power switch OFF, for example, immediately after the image forming operation is completed. Even when the outer cover 45 is opened, the separating operation of the holding members 43 and 44 with respect to the image carrier holding member 41 is executed even when the outer cover 45 is opened. However, in the case of a model that does not have the exterior cover 45, a mode in which a separation operation is performed based on an operation of a separation switch or the like provided on an operation panel or the like may be included.
[0060]
In any case, the image forming units 42Y, 42M, and 42C that are in contact with the photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk are separated by the holding members 43 and 44 being separated from the image carrier holding member 41. , 42Bk and the intermediate transfer belt 12 are also separated.
[0061]
Here, the image carrier holding member 41 is schematically formed in a rectangular frame shape as seen in plan view as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, and the respective photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, 3Bk are individually arranged in parallel. And is detachably held so as to be simply placed from above. In the present embodiment, among the photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk, the color photoconductors 3Y, 3M, and 3C and the black photoconductor 3Bk have different usage frequencies (monochrome printing or the like). In general, the color photoconductors 3Y, 3M, and 3C are integrated as a photoconductor unit 47 in consideration of the fact that the black photoconductor 3Bk is frequently used). The image carrier holding member 41 is detachably held. Such an image carrier holding member 41 can be pulled out in the front-rear direction with respect to the apparatus main body 2 by rail mechanisms 48 provided on both the left and right sides. Reference numeral 49 denotes an acculide which is a component of the rail mechanism 48 on the image carrier holding member 41 side.
[0062]
The image forming unit holding member 43 is schematically formed in a rectangular tray shape as viewed in plan as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and the image forming units 42Y, 42M, 42C, and 42Bk are arranged in a parallel state. It is detachably held so that it can be simply mounted. In the present embodiment, the image forming units 42Y, 42M, and 42C correspond to the photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk, and the color image forming unit 51 is separate from the single image forming unit 42Bk for black. And is detachably held with respect to the image forming unit holding member 43 in units of the color image forming unit 51. Such an image forming unit holding member 43 can be pulled out in the front-rear direction with respect to the apparatus main body 2 by rail mechanisms 52 provided on both the left and right sides. Reference numeral 53 denotes an accumulator which is a constituent member of the rail mechanism 52 on the image forming unit holding member 43 side. Although not particularly illustrated, the image forming unit holding member 43 and each of the image forming units 42Y, 42M, 42C, and 42Bk are formed with slit-like openings (or transparent light transmitting portions) through which light for exposure is transmitted. ing.
[0063]
Furthermore, the transfer member holding member 44 is schematically formed in a rectangular frame shape when seen in plan view as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, and the intermediate transfer belt 12 covers the intermediate transfer belt 12 and rollers 9-11. A protective cover 56 that holds the head and the like is detachably held so as to be simply placed from above. Handles 57 are provided on the left and right sides of the protective cover 56. Such a transfer member holding member 44 can be pulled out in the front-rear direction with respect to the apparatus main body 2 by rail mechanisms 58 provided on the left and right sides. Reference numeral 59 denotes an accumulator which is a component of the rail mechanism 58 on the transfer member holding member 44 side.
[0064]
In the present embodiment employing the configuration of FIG. 2, the transfer belt 17 is also detachably held by a belt holding member 61 as a third image carrier holding member. The belt holding member 61 also serves as a side plate cover that can be freely opened and closed with respect to the apparatus main body 2 around a fulcrum 62. The transfer belt 17 covers the transfer belt 17, and rollers 15, 16, etc. It is detachably held so as to be simply placed together with the held protective cover 63.
[0065]
Here, an example of the principle configuration of the contact / separation mechanism 70 for performing the contact / separation operation of the holding members 41, 43, 44 will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16. First, in the apparatus main body 2, the above-mentioned holding members 41, 43, 44 are respectively paired with the left and right side accumulators 49, 53, 59, and the accumulators 71, 72, 73 is supported by two left and right main body stays 74 fixed to the apparatus main body 2. At this time, the accumulator 71 for the image carrier holding member 41 is fixed to the main body stay 74 in order to move the holding members 43 and 44 apart in the vertical direction with the image carrier holding member 41 as a reference. The accumulators 72 and 73 for the holding members 43 and 44 are guided in the vertical direction by the pins 72a and 73a fitted in the vertical holes 74a and 74b in the vertical direction and are held displaceably. An interlocking mechanism 75 is also added for causing the holding members 43 and 44 to move apart at the same time. For example, the interlocking mechanism 75 is a combination of two movable stays 77 and 78 that can be rotated by a pin 76 erected substantially at the center of the main body stay 74 so as to form an X-shaped link at the center. , 78 are fitted to pins 72a, 72b, 73a, 73b which are erected on the left and right sides of the front side and the back side of the Acculides 72, 73, respectively. Has been. Further, four eccentric cams 79 are fixedly provided on a rotating shaft 81 rotatably supported by a support piece 80 at a position in contact with the lower surface of the image forming unit holding member 43 located on the lower side in the vicinity of its four corners. It has been. These eccentric cams 79 protrude from the image carrier holding member 41 by a protruding position where the image forming unit holding member 43 is pushed close to or pressed against the image carrier holding member 41 and the image forming unit holding member 43 by its own weight. It has an eccentric shape having a retracted position to be lowered to a separated state, a motor 82 provided in the apparatus main body 2, a motor gear 83, a transmission gear 84 fixed on the rotating shaft 81 and meshing with the motor gear 83, front and rear 2 Drive control is performed so as to take a predetermined cam position via a transmission drive mechanism such as a belt 86 spanned between pulleys 85 of the rotating shaft 81.
[0066]
That is, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 16A, when the protruding position of the eccentric cam 79 is in an upward state, the image forming unit holding member 43 approaches or presses the image carrier holding member 41. Pushed up to the state. At this time, as the image forming unit holding member 43 moves up, the moving stays 77 and 78 are rotationally displaced by the pins 72a and 72b so that the crossing angle is narrowed. As a result, the Acculide 73 is lowered via the pins 73a and 73b fitted in the long holes 77b and 78b of the moving stays 77 and 78, and the transfer member holding member 44 is brought close to or pressed against the image carrier holding member 41. Lower to state.
[0067]
When the image forming unit holding member 43 comes close to or presses the image carrier holding member 41, each member of each image forming unit 42 held by the image forming unit holding member 43 is also relative to the corresponding photoreceptor 3. The image processing operation is possible by touching. Similarly, when the transfer member holding member 44 comes close to or presses the image carrier holding member 41, the intermediate transfer belt 12 held by the transfer member holding member 44 also comes into contact with each photoreceptor 3 and operates. It becomes possible.
[0068]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 15B and 16B, when the retracted position of the eccentric cam 79 is in an upward state, the image forming unit holding member 43 is separated from the image carrier holding member 41 by its own weight. Lower to a state of separation. At this time, as the image forming unit holding member 43 is lowered, the moving stays 77 and 78 are rotationally displaced by the pins 72a and 72b so that the crossing angle becomes wide. As a result, the Acculide 73 is raised through the pins 73a and 73b fitted in the long holes 77b and 78b of the moving stays 77 and 78, and the transfer member holding member 44 is separated from the image carrier holding member 41. Raise.
[0069]
When the image forming unit holding member 43 is separated from the image carrier holding member 41, each member of each image forming unit 42 held by the image forming unit holding member 43 is also separated from the corresponding photosensitive member 3. The image unit holding member 43 is ready to be pulled out. Similarly, when the transfer member holding member 44 is separated from the image carrier holding member 41, the intermediate transfer belt 12 held by the transfer member holding member 44 is also separated from each photoconductor 3 and the transfer member holding member 44. Is ready to be withdrawn.
[0070]
In this manner, the image forming unit holding member 43 and the transfer member holding member 44 perform the separating operation and the approaching operation in conjunction with the image carrier holding member 41.
[0071]
In such a configuration, when the image forming operation ends and a predetermined time elapses, the energy saving mode is entered, or when the power switch is turned off, the above-mentioned contact / separation mechanism 70 transfers the image forming unit holding member 43 to the transfer unit. The member holding member 44 performs a separating operation in conjunction with the image carrier holding member 41, and the image forming unit holding member 43 and the transfer member holding member 44 are separated from the image carrier holding member 41. The members of the image forming units 42 and the intermediate transfer belt 12 are also kept away from the photoreceptors 3. In this way, the plurality of photoreceptors 3, the plurality of image forming units 5, and the intermediate transfer belt 12 are held by the image carrier holding member 41, the image forming unit holding member 43, and the transfer member holding member 44, respectively, and these images are stored. Since the carrier holding member 41 and the image forming unit holding member 43, and the image carrier holding member 41 and the transfer member holding member 44 can be separated from each other in the apparatus main body 2, the individual photoreceptors 3 and image forming units 42 It is possible to use only one contact / separation mechanism 70 between the holding members 41, 43, and 44 without providing a contact / separation mechanism for the photosensitive member 3 and the intermediate transfer belt 12, and the contact / separation mechanism is greatly simplified. Can be Therefore, with a simple and inexpensive configuration, it is possible to easily avoid adverse effects such as remaining contact marks due to constant contact between the members of the image forming unit 42 and the intermediate transfer belt 12 with respect to the photoreceptor 3. Can do. In particular, the interlocking mechanism 75 simultaneously performs the separating operation of the image forming unit holding member 43 with respect to the image carrier holding member 41 and the separating operation of the transfer member holding member 44 with respect to the image carrier holding member 41. The contact / separation mechanism 70 can be further simplified such that the drive source 82 and the like can be shared, and the control system need not be provided separately, and can be simplified.
[0072]
On the other hand, when the user or service person needs maintenance or replacement of parts, the front cover 45 is opened as shown in FIG. 5, and the inner cover 46 is further opened as shown in FIG. Is opened, the image forming unit holding member 43 and the transfer member holding member 44 are linked by the above-mentioned contact / separation mechanism 70 in conjunction with such a cover opening operation even when the energy saving mode is not entered. Performs a separation operation in conjunction with the image carrier holding member 41. As a result, the image forming unit holding member 43 and the transfer member holding member 44 are separated from the image carrier holding member 41, so that each member of the image forming unit 42 and the intermediate transfer belt with respect to each photoconductor 3. 12 is also maintained in a separated state. Therefore, each holding member 41, 43, 44 can be pulled out independently.
[0073]
Therefore, for example, when maintenance or replacement of the photosensitive member 3 is required, the image carrier holding member 41 is pulled out as shown in FIG. The unit 47 and the photosensitive member 3Bk) can be removed from the image carrier holding member 41 and replaced. At this time, since the photoreceptor unit 47 and the photoreceptor 3Bk are simply placed and held on the image carrier holding member 41, they can be easily replaced while adopting a long-life decomposition type configuration. Further, the color photoconductors 3Y, 3M, and 3C have the same function and can be regarded as having almost the same life. However, the photoconductors 3Y, 3M, and 3C are combined into a single unit as the photoconductor unit 47. Therefore, workability such as replacement work is further improved. Conversely, it is considered that the black photoconductor 3Bk is used more frequently and reaches the end of its life than the color photoconductor. However, since the black photoconductor 3Bk is a single unit, the black photoconductor 3Bk is used for black. It is also possible to avoid replacing the color photoconductors 3Y, 3M, and 3C at the replacement timing of the photoconductor 3Bk.
[0074]
If maintenance or replacement of the image forming unit 42 is required, the image forming unit holding member 43 is pulled out to the front as shown in FIG. The image forming unit 51 and the image forming unit 42Bk) can be detached from the image forming unit holding member 43 and replaced. At this time, the color image forming unit 51 and the image forming unit 42Bk are simply placed and held on the image forming unit holding member 43, and can be easily replaced. Further, the color image forming units 42Y, 42M, and 42C have the same function and can be regarded as having almost the same life, but these image forming units 42Y, 42M, and 42C are used as one color image forming unit 51. Since it is united and detachable, workability such as replacement work is further improved. Conversely, it can be considered that the black image forming unit 42Bk is used more frequently and reaches the end of its life than the color image forming unit 42Bk, but such a black image forming unit 42Bk is a single unit. It is also possible to avoid replacing the color image forming units 42Y, 42M, and 42C at the replacement timing of the black image forming unit 42Bk.
[0075]
Further, if maintenance or replacement of the intermediate transfer belt 12 is required, the transfer member holding member 44 is pulled out as shown in FIG. 11, so that the intermediate transfer belt 12 is transferred to the transfer member as shown in FIG. It can be removed from the holding member 44 and replaced. At this time, the intermediate transfer belt 12 is simply placed and held on the transfer member holding member 44 and can be easily replaced.
[0076]
Further, as can be seen from FIGS. 8, 10, and 12, the attaching / detaching directions of the photosensitive member 3, the image forming unit 42, and the intermediate transfer belt 12 with respect to the holding members 41, 43, 44 are all unified in the upward direction. Therefore, workability is extremely good. Further, when the exterior cover 45 is opened for maintenance, parts replacement, or the like, the holding members 41, 43, and 44 are left as they are by performing at least a separation operation between the holding members 41 and 43 and 41 and 44. The operation can be shifted to a drawer operation, etc., and an operation for separately performing a separation operation is not required, so that it is easy for a user, a serviceman, etc. to handle and has good operability.
[0077]
In addition, the contact / separation mechanism 90 which is a modification of the contact / separation mechanism 70 is shown in FIG. In this contact / separation mechanism 90, two main body stays 91, 92 that support the accumulates 71, 72, 73 corresponding to the holding members 41, 43, 44 are fixed to the apparatus main body 2. At this time, the accumulator 71 for the image carrier holding member 41 is fixedly provided on the main body stays 91 and 92 in order to move the holding members 43 and 44 apart in the vertical direction with the image carrier holding member 41 as a reference. However, the accumulators 72 and 73 for the holding members 43 and 44 are held so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction by pins 72a and 73a fitted in the vertical holes 91a and 92a (only the side of the accumulator 72 is shown). Yes. In addition, an interlocking mechanism 93 is also added for causing the holding members 43 and 44 to move apart at the same time. For example, the interlocking mechanism 93 is connected to the accumulator 72 for the image forming unit holding member 43 by a pin 94 and is moved up and down by the pins 94a and 96b with respect to the main body stays 91 and 92. There are two front and rear driven stays 98a and 98b that are freely supported and that have one end connected to the main drive stay 95 by a pin 97 and the other end connected to a pin 73a of an accumulator 73 for the transfer member holding member 44. It is constituted by. The accumulator 71 for the image carrier holding member 41 is provided with a pin 99, and the vertical movement of the main driving stay 95 is guided by a long hole 95 a fitted into the pin 99. Further, the configuration of the eccentric cam 79, the motor 82, etc. is the same as in the case of FIGS.
[0078]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 17A, when the protruding position of the eccentric cam 79 is in the upward direction, the image forming unit holding member 43 is pushed up to a state in which the image forming unit holding member 43 approaches or presses the image carrier holding member 41. At this time, as the image forming unit holding member 43 is raised, the main stay 95 is also displaced upward. As a result, the driven stays 98a and 98b connected to the main drive stay 95 by the pin 97 are pivotally displaced about the pins 96a and 96b, and the accuride is performed via the pins 72a and 73a fitted to the other ends. 73 is lowered, and the transfer member holding member 44 is lowered to a state where the transfer member holding member 44 approaches or is pressed against the image carrier holding member 41.
[0079]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 17B, when the retracted position of the eccentric cam 79 is set upward, the image forming unit holding member 43 is lowered to a state of being separated from the image carrier holding member 41 by its own weight. . At this time, as the image forming unit holding member 43 is lowered, the main stay 95 is also displaced downward. As a result, the driven stays 98a and 98b connected to the main drive stay 95 by the pin 97 are pivotally displaced about the pins 96a and 96b, and the accuride is performed via the pins 72a and 73a fitted to the other ends. 73 is raised to raise the transfer member holding member 44 to a state of being separated from the image carrier holding member 41.
[0080]
In this manner, the image forming unit holding member 43 and the transfer member holding member 44 perform the separating operation and the approaching operation in conjunction with the image carrier holding member 41.
[0081]
If maintenance or replacement of the transfer belt 17 is required, the belt holding member 61 is rotated and opened around the fulcrum 62 as shown in FIG. It can be removed from the belt holding member 61 and replaced. At this time, the transfer belt 17 is simply placed and held on the belt holding member 61 and can be easily replaced.
[0082]
Next, positioning between the holding members 41, 43, and 44 will be described. In the present embodiment, the image carrier holding member 41 is positioned with respect to a fixed position in the vertical direction. A plurality of, for example, three positioning pins 101 are provided on the upper surface of the image carrier holding member 41. Are provided apart from each other at a predetermined position as a positioning portion. Although not particularly illustrated, a plurality of, for example, three positioning pins are also provided on the lower surface of the image carrier holding member 41 so as to be spaced apart from each other at predetermined positions set in advance as positioning portions. On the upper surface of the image forming unit holding member 43, a positioning hole 100 into which such a positioning pin enters is formed as a positioning portion at a position corresponding to the positioning pin (see FIG. 9 and the like). Similarly, a positioning hole (not shown) into which the positioning pin 101 enters is formed on the lower surface of the transfer member holding member 44 at a position corresponding to the positioning pin 101 as a positioning portion. Therefore, as described above, when the holding members 41, 43, and 44 are brought close to each other or pressed as shown in FIGS. 4A and 15A, these positioning pins and positioning holes are engaged with each other. By doing so, the holding members 41, 43, 44 are positioned relative to each other.
[0083]
Accordingly, since the positioning members are provided for each of the holding members 41, 43, and 44 and are positioned by mutual engagement, the individual photoreceptors 3, the image forming units 5, and the intermediate transfer belt 12 are associated with each other. Positioning with respect to the holding members 41, 43, and 44 to be performed can be performed, and a complicated positioning mechanism can be eliminated individually.
[0084]
Incidentally, the positioning of the image carrier holding member 41 with respect to the apparatus main body 2 is performed in a state where the basic position of the image carrier holding member 41 is determined by the rail mechanism 48 as shown in FIG. The reference holes 102a and 102b at the left and right ends of the metal plate 102 fixed to the front side of the body holding member 41 with screws 101a are engaged with positioning pins 104 provided at predetermined positions on the front plate 103 of the apparatus body 2. Is made by That is, the reference holes 102a and 102b of the metal plate 102 and the positioning pins 104 of the front side plate 103 act as an image carrier holding member regulating member.
[0085]
Further, the positioning of the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, 3Bk simply placed on the image carrier holding member 41 is positioned on the back side in the apparatus main body 2, and each is a drive transmission mechanism such as a motor. Each of the photoconductor shafts (not shown) that is rotatably supported while being connected to the inner surface of the image carrier holding member 41 is pushed into the inner side of the image carrier holding member 41 and the back side of the image carrier holding member 41 is connected. Are supported by bearing holes 106 formed at predetermined positions on the metal plate 102 through the through holes 105 on the front side of the image carrier holding member 41, in each of the photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, 3Bk. Is made by In other words, each photosensitive member shaft positioned and cantilevered and the bearing hole 106 of the metal plate 102 act as an image carrier positioning mechanism. In other words, by pulling out the image carrier holding member 41 from the apparatus main body 2, the photosensitive member shaft is detached from each of the photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, 3Bk (remains in the apparatus main body 2), and there is play. Thus, the photosensitive members 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk can be removed as they are.
[0086]
Next, an example of positioning of the image forming unit 42 and the intermediate transfer belt 12 with respect to each of the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk positioned in a state where the image carrier holding member 41 is mounted in the apparatus main body 2 in this manner. Will be described with reference to FIG. For example, in the image forming unit 42 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 19, the image forming unit 42 is located outside an area involved in image formation and can be contacted and separated from a wheel 111 that is coaxially provided with the same diameter as the photoconductor 3. A plurality of, for example, two positioning rollers 112 and 113 that abut in a freely rotating manner are provided at predetermined positions. As described above, the image forming unit holding member 43 can be brought into contact with and separated from the image carrier holding member 41, and can be separated from the image carrier holding member 41. When the image forming unit holding member 43 is pushed up or pushed up, the developing roller 5, the charging roller 4 and the like approach the already-positioned photoconductor 3, but the positioning rollers 112 and 113 are moved to the wheel 111. It will be in a state where it cannot be displaced any more by contact. At such a contact position, the developing roller 5 and the charging roller 4 are in a normal operation position with respect to the photoreceptor 3, and the image forming unit 42 is positioned with respect to the photoreceptor 3. That is, the wheel 111 and the positioning rollers 112 and 113 function as an image forming unit positioning mechanism. Positioning on the intermediate transfer belt 12 side with respect to the photoreceptor 3 is similarly performed by a second image carrier positioning mechanism (not shown).
[0087]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, 3Bk and the image forming units 42Y, 42M, 42C, 42Bk play with respect to the image carrier holding member 41 and the image forming unit holding member 43. The photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk are positioned in a state in which the holding members 41 and 43 are mounted in the apparatus main body 2, and the photoconductors 3Y thus positioned are positioned. , 3M, 3C, 3Bk, the respective members of the image forming units 42Y, 42M, 42C, 42Bk are positioned, so that the mounting accuracy with respect to the holding members 41, 43 is not required. In addition, there is no need to pay attention to the attachment position during the attachment / detachment operation, which makes it extremely easy. This also applies to the intermediate transfer belt 12 side.
[0088]
The positioning of the belt holding member 61 side with respect to the transfer member holding member 44 side will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, positioning pulleys 121 as positioning portions are provided at both ends on the shaft of the roller 9 that supports the intermediate transfer belt 12 on the transfer member holding member 44 side, and these on the belt holding member 61 side. A positioning recess 122 as a positioning portion is formed at a position corresponding to the positioning pulley 121 so as to be freely engaged with and disengaged from the positioning pulley 121.
[0089]
As a result, when the belt holding member 61 is closed with respect to the apparatus main body 2, the positioning recess 122 engages with the positioning pulley 121 as shown in FIG. The belt holding member 61 is positioned with respect to the transfer member holding member 44 so as to be in a contact state. On the other hand, with the opening operation of the belt holding member 61, the positioning recess 122 is detached from the positioning pulley 121, and the transfer belt 17 side becomes free as shown in FIG.
[0090]
By the way, in this embodiment, there are elastic members 131 and 132 that seal between the image carrier holding member 41 and the image forming unit holding member 43 and between the image carrier holding member 41 and the transfer member holding member 44, respectively. Is provided. In the case of the present embodiment, these elastic members 131 and 132 are provided on the image carrier holding member 41 side as schematically shown in FIG. 4, for example. As shown in FIG. 3, the image carrier holding member 41 is attached to the peripheral portion. In particular, in order to avoid contact with the intermediate transfer belt 12 on the transfer member holding member 44 side, the transfer member holding member 44 is disposed in a substantially U shape having no right side portion. These elastic members 131, 132 are pressed and deformed when the holding members 43, 44 are brought close to or pressed with respect to the image carrier holding member 41, and the photosensitive member 3 is pressed by these holding members 41, 43, 44. The image forming module 133 that forms a substantially sealed space around it is configured.
[0091]
The substantially sealed space around the photoreceptor 3 formed by such an image forming module 133 is not a completely sealed space but communicates with the outside air. In the present embodiment, as schematically illustrated in FIG. In the main body 2, the air-conditioning means 134 disposed in the back of the exposure apparatus 8 is connected in units of the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk through the branched exhaust pipe 135. Reference numeral 136 denotes an intake pipe for taking in outside air in the air conditioning means 134. As a result, the air conditioning unit 134 takes in air having a temperature of 30 ° C. and a humidity of 90% from the intake pipe 136, for example, and each photoconductor 3Y in a substantially sealed space through the exhaust pipe 135 as dehumidified air having a temperature of 30 ° C. and a humidity of 50%. , Discharge toward 3M, 3C, 3Bk. Note that the air conditioning unit 134 may include a Peltier element, which is a heat exchanger for cooling, as necessary.
[0092]
In this type of electrophotographic image forming apparatus, images are formed using charged fine particles such as toner and carrier and a charged photoreceptor, so that the composition of the air inside the apparatus, especially humidity, ionicity such as ammonia gas, etc. The image quality becomes unstable due to the change of the charged state due to the influence of the substance.
[0093]
More specifically, for example, in an area with high humidity, the inside of the device becomes highly humid and the image quality becomes unstable, or abnormal wear of the photoconductor occurs and the durability of the image forming part is significantly reduced. It is known that a blurred abnormal image called “image flow” occurs. Various studies have been conducted on these causes, and it has been found that the problem is caused by the following mechanism. The charged fine particles such as toner and carrier used in the electrophotographic apparatus are designed to stabilize the electrostatic charge state by adding a charge control agent to the polymer resin. However, the electrical properties of the polymer resin, even if the hydrophobic treatment is exhausted, take in moisture in the air, causing electrical resistance, friction coefficient between powders or fluidity change, and reducing the toner charge amount in the development process. This may cause image quality fluctuations such as an increase in density. In addition, in the charging means using the discharge phenomenon, a nitric acid compound is generated with the discharge, and this is combined with moisture in the air, so that ionized substances such as nitric acid and nitrate adhere to the surface of the photoconductor, and the photoconductor Deterioration of the surface is accelerated to cause abnormal wear of the photoconductor, and blurring of the electrostatic latent image due to the surface becoming conductive by an ionized substance, so-called image flow, occurs. Both of these are major problems in a high absolute humidity environment, and can be improved by providing a dehumidifying device. Further, the adhesion of ionic substances causes a problem that the toner, carrier, and photoconductor are deteriorated and the life is shortened.
[0094]
In consideration of such problems, basically air conditioning means may be provided, but if the entire device is to be air conditioned, the capacity to be controlled increases, and the cost, size, noise, Increases power consumption.
[0095]
In particular, in an electrophotographic full-color printer such as this embodiment, a change in image density due to the influence of humidity, etc., which is not a problem with a single color, appears as a change in color, so that an extremely high level of image stability is achieved. It is required to take measures such as using the entire device in a stable environment with air conditioning equipment, or providing air conditioning means for air-conditioning the entire device inside the tandem full-color printer. Since the image forming unit is provided, if the entire apparatus is to be air-conditioned, the capacity to be controlled becomes extremely larger than that of a single color, resulting in a significant increase in cost, size, noise, and power consumption commensurate with the control capability.
[0096]
In this regard, according to the present embodiment, as described above, the holding members 43 and 44 are sealed by the elastic members 131 and 132 with respect to the image carrier holding member 41 holding the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk. Thus, an image forming module 133 that forms a substantially sealed space is configured, and air conditioning means 134 is connected to the image forming module 133 to discharge the dehumidified air around the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk. Therefore, the capacity of the air-conditioning area can be reduced to the minimum necessary, and the control capability of the air-conditioning means 134 can be kept low, or the capability can be utilized to the maximum extent without waste.
[0097]
Further, in the so-called tandem type full-color printer as in the present embodiment, when the photoconductor 3 and the image forming unit 42 are structured to be disassembled and replaceable as described above with respect to the configuration around the photoconductor, Although there is a concern that vibration propagates to each of the photoconductors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk and causes an image such as so-called banding, an image forming module 133 is configured using at least the elastic members 131 and 132 at the time of image formation. Therefore, it is possible to form a high-quality image with less banding by virtue of the vibration propagation preventing effect by the elastic members 131 and 132.
[0098]
In this embodiment, the image forming module 133 is configured by sealing the holding members 41 and 44 with the elastic member 132. However, the intermediate transfer belt 12 held by the transfer member holding member 44 is entirely covered. Since it is a belt and covered with a protective cover 56 and serves to form a substantially sealed space around (upper part) around the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk, the elastic member 132 is omitted, and the holding member 41 is omitted. 43 and the elastic member 131 may be configured as an image forming module that forms a substantially sealed space.
[0099]
In the present embodiment, the holding members 41, 43, 44 can be separated from each other in the apparatus main body 2. However, the present invention can be applied to a configuration that is not necessarily separable in the apparatus main body 2 during non-image formation. is there.
[0100]
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Portions that are the same as or correspond to those shown in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is also omitted.
[0101]
The present embodiment relates to an application example in which a contact / separation mechanism 200 is used in place of the contact / separation mechanism 70 shown in FIGS. In particular, in the process of moving from the storage position to the extraction position, the intermediate transfer belt 12 is held with reference to the direction in which the unit of the image carrier holding member 41 holding the photoreceptors 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3Bk is moved. A unit that is a transfer member holding member 44 and a unit that is an image forming unit holding member 43 that collectively holds the image forming units 42Y, 42M, 42C, and 42Bk are configured to be separated in the vertical direction (respective photoconductors 3Y and 3M). , 3C itself may be individually or the photoconductor unit 47. Similarly, the image forming units 42Y, 42M, and 42C may be individually or color image forming units 51).
[0102]
Hereinafter, the configuration of the contact / separation mechanism 200 will be described.
[0103]
FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing the main part of the support device for each holding member 41, 43, 44 that is unitized. In FIG. 22, the support device is attached to the side surface of each holding member 41, 43, 44. A slide member 204 that moves the slide rails 201, 202, and 203, which are support members, and the slide rails 201, 202, and 203 to the storage positions and the pull-out positions of the holding members 41, 43, and 44, and the slide member 204 A support base 205 installed in a non-moving state in order to support it in a movable manner and a sliding drive member 210 for driving the sliding member 204 in the above-described direction are provided.
[0104]
The slide rails 201, 202, and 203 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the rail 202 that is attached to the side surface of the image carrier holding member 41 is located at the center in that direction. Each slide rail 201, 202, 203, slide member 204, and support base 205 are provided as a pair so as to face both side surfaces of each holding member 41, 43, 44 (FIG. 22 shows only one side). ).
[0105]
As shown in FIG. 23, the slide rails 201, 202, and 203 all have the same configuration, and are inserted into the outer rails 201A, 202A, and 203A and the outer rails 201A, 202A, and 203A, and are arranged inside. Inner rails 201B, 202B, and 203B that are slidable by rolling elements such as spheres are provided.
[0106]
As shown in FIG. 23, the outer rails 201A, 202A, and 203A are interlocked with the sliding member 204 in the longitudinal direction, that is, before and after the direction in which the holding members 41, 43, and 44 are moved to the storage position and the drawer position. Connection pins 201C, 202C, and 203C as interlocking members for fixing are fixed.
[0107]
As shown in FIG. 24, the connecting pins 201C, 202C, and 203C pass through insertion holes 204A, 204B, and 204C formed in the sliding member 204, and as shown in FIGS. The guide part 205A, 205B, 205C formed as a long hole in 205 is inserted.
[0108]
In FIG. 23, insertion holes 204A, 204B, and 204C through which the connecting pins 201C, 202C, and 203C penetrate the sliding member 204 are targeted for the connecting pins 202C that are provided on the slide rail 202 of the image carrier holding member 41. The insertion hole 204B is a round hole, and the other insertion holes 204A and 204C are long holes whose longitudinal direction is set in the vertical direction.
[0109]
Insertion holes 204A, 204B, 204C on the sliding member 204 side through which the connecting pins 201C, 202C, 203C provided in the holding members 41, 43, 44 pass are provided in the slide rail 202 of the image carrier holding member 41. The length in the longitudinal direction is set in a direction away from each other with the center of the insertion hole 204B through which the connecting pin 202C is inserted as a base point. In addition, the insertion holes 204A, 204B, and 204C are such that the center positions in the hole width direction in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction are aligned in the horizontal direction, whereby the holding members 41, 43, When 44 moves, the relative position in the moving direction of each holding member 41,43,44 is made not to change.
[0110]
As shown in FIG. 23, guide portions 205A, 205B, and 205C on the support base 205 side through which the connecting pins 201C, 202C, and 203C are inserted are guided by the guide portion 202B that targets the image carrier holding member 41. Guide portions 205A and 205C, which are elongated holes formed in the horizontal direction as the direction of movement between the storage position and the pull-out position of the holding member 41, and that target the transfer member holding member 44 and the image forming unit holding member 43, The transfer member holding member 44 and the image forming unit holding member 43 are configured by long holes having directions in which the transfer member holding member 44 and the image forming unit holding member 43 can be separated from each other as they move from the storage position toward the drawing position.
[0111]
When the transfer member holding member 44 and the image forming unit holding member 43 move from the storage position toward the drawing position, the guide portions 205A and 205C temporarily move the transfer member holding member 44 and the image forming unit holding member 43 to a predetermined distance ( In FIG. 23, a shape that can be moved in the horizontal direction by a distance indicated by a symbol S) and then moved away from each other to reach the drawing position, in the drawing, has a shape with an inclined portion.
[0112]
In the guide portions 205A and 205C, a predetermined distance (a distance indicated by a symbol S in FIG. 23) that is once moved in the horizontal direction is set with respect to the drive members mounted on the holding members 41, 43, and 44 in the storage position. It is set to cut the drive path of the drive member provided in the printer main body, and the engagement between the drive members is started when the holding members 41, 43, 44 start to move from the storage position toward the pull-out position. The distance can be canceled.
[0113]
Furthermore, the movement stroke from the storage position of each holding member 41, 43, 44 to the drawing position in the guide portions 205A, 205B, 205C, in other words, the length of the long hole in the longitudinal direction is the holding member 41, 43, 44. They are the same, and the relative positional relationship of the holding members 41, 43, 44 along the moving direction is not changed.
[0114]
In FIG. 24, brackets 206 are attached to the connecting pins 201C, 202C, and 203C that pass through the insertion holes 204A, 204B, and 204C formed in the sliding member 204. The bracket 206 is formed on the sliding member 204. A spring 208 is hooked between the locking piece 207A which is a part of the hole 207 cut and raised. The spring 208 always pulls the bracket 206 so that the connecting pins 201C, 202C, and 203C return toward the movement start positions of the holding members 41, 43, and 44 in the guide portions 205A, 205B, and 205C on the support base 205 side. It is energized as follows.
[0115]
On the other hand, a sliding drive member 210 is provided at one end in the moving direction of the sliding member 204, that is, at an end corresponding to the downstream side in the moving direction of each holding member 41, 43, 44 toward the drawing position. FIG. 25 is a view showing a connecting structure between the sliding drive member 210 and the sliding member 204. In FIG. 25, the connecting member 211 is attached to each of the holding members 41, 43,. It is provided so that it can slide in parallel with the moving direction of 44.
[0116]
The connecting member 211 is provided with a long hole 211A through which a connecting pin 204D fixed to the sliding member 204 is inserted, and a cam portion 211B on the lower surface. The long hole 211A has a longitudinal direction parallel to the moving direction of each holding member 41, 43, 44, and the connecting member 211 is connected in parallel to the moving direction of each holding member 41, 43, 44 using the connecting pin 204D as a guide pin. It is designed to slide.
[0117]
The cam portion 211 </ b> B has a convex surface formed on the lower surface of the connecting member 211, and a sliding locking member 212 provided so as to be able to swing at a non-moving portion in the casing of the full-color printer 1 is in contact with the cam portion 211 </ b> B. .
[0118]
The convex surface of the cam portion 211B has a height that can release the locking state of the sliding member 204 by the sliding locking member 212, and the long hole 211A is the surface of the cam portion 211B that faces the sliding locking member 212. It has a length that can be switched (convex surface and concave surface). That is, the state shown in FIG. 25 shows a state in which each holding member 41, 43, 44 is in the storage position. At this time, the connecting pin 204D inserted into the long hole 211A is in the drawing direction (arrow direction shown in the drawing). The sliding engagement member 212 is in contact with the concave surface of the cam portion 211B, in contact with the inner edge of the longitudinal end corresponding to the downstream side.
[0119]
When the connecting member 211 is moved in the drawing direction (arrow direction shown in the figure) from this state, the connecting pin 204D in the long hole 211A moves toward the inner edge on the opposite side of the long hole 211A, and in conjunction with this, The cam portion 211B is brought into a state where the sliding locking member 212 rides on the convex surface.
[0120]
The movement of the connecting member 211 is performed via a swinging bracket 213 on the sliding drive member 210 side through which a drive pin 211C fixed to the connecting member 211 is inserted. The sliding drive member 210 includes a swing bracket 213 swingable by a support shaft 214 supported by a non-moving portion of the full color printer 1 and an operation bracket 215 supported on the same axis. An operation handle 216 is attached to the bracket 215.
[0121]
In FIG. 25, the swing bracket 213 is a member having a swing radius that can cover the connecting member 211 with the support shaft 214 as a reference, and a drive pin provided on the connecting member 211 side on the swing end side. A connection drive hole 213A through which 211C is inserted is formed. The coupling drive hole 213A is not a rocking locus centered on the support shaft 214 but a long hole having a longitudinal direction substantially along the rocking radius, and via the drive pin 211C according to the rocking bracket 213 rocking. Thus, the connecting member 211 is slid in the moving direction of the holding members 41, 43, 44.
[0122]
The swing bracket 213 is provided with an operation drive hole 213 </ b> B formed of a long hole having a swing locus centering on the support shaft 214 in addition to the connection drive hole 213 </ b> A. An operation pin 217 fixed to the operation bracket 215 is inserted into the operation drive hole 213B, and a click member 218 for positioning the operation pin 217 at the end portion of the swinging locus half in the operation drive hole 213B is supported. Yes.
[0123]
The click member 218 has a swing support shaft 218A on the swing bracket 213, and can swing in a direction in which the swing end side advances and retreats with respect to the operation drive hole 213B. The driving force for entering the operation drive hole 213B is applied by a spring 219 that is latched between the swing bracket 213 and the swing end of the click member 218.
[0124]
A locking surface 218B made of a convex surface is formed on the surface of the click member 218 on the operation drive hole 213B side, and the operation pin 217 is positioned on any one of the concave surfaces with the locking surface 218B as a boundary. The operation drive hole 213B can be locked at any position on the end portion of the swing locus half circumference.
[0125]
The spring 219 latched by the click member 218 is set with an elastic force that can prevent the operation handle 216 located on the operation bracket 215 side from being accidentally tilted by the convex surface of the click member 218. The operation pin 217 on the operation bracket 215 side can get over the convex surface by a lying force that acts only when lying down from the standing position.
[0126]
The configuration of the sliding locking member 212 facing the cam portion 211B of the connecting member 211 is shown in FIG.
[0127]
In FIG. 26, a support bracket 220 for supporting the slide locking member 212 is provided at the non-moving portion of the full color printer 1, and the slide locking member 212 can swing on the support bracket 220. It is supported by.
[0128]
The sliding engagement member 212 is a swinging member that can move seesaw with a support shaft 212A provided on the support bracket 220 as a fulcrum. A spring 221 is provided between the support bracket 220 and one end of the swinging end. It is being handed over.
[0129]
The other of the swinging ends of the sliding locking member 212 is opposed to the cam portion 211B of the connecting member 211 by the bias of the spring 221, and a locking roller having a different diameter in the axial direction is provided at the end thereof. 222 and the guide roller 223 are arranged on the same axis.
[0130]
The locking roller 222 is a roller that can be engaged with and disengaged from a locking slit (indicated by reference numerals 204F and 204F ′ in FIG. 25) formed on the lower surface of the sliding member 204, and the guide roller 223 is a connecting member 211. It is a roller that can roll while being in contact with the cam portion 211B.
[0131]
The sliding locking member 212 can swing according to the state in which the guide roller 223 faces the cam portion 211B of the connecting member 211. When the sliding locking member 212 faces the convex surface of the cam portion 211B, the sliding roller 222 Is swung in a direction in which it is detached from the locking slit of the sliding member 204.
[0132]
The locking slits 204F, 204F ′ are portions that prevent the sliding member 204 from moving in order to hold the holding members 41, 43, 44 in the storage position and the drawer position, and are shown in FIG. Is for holding the storage position, and a locking slit denoted by reference numeral 204F ′ is for holding the drawing position.
[0133]
On the other hand, in each of the holding members 41, 43, 44, the transfer member holding member 44 and the image forming unit holding member 43 positioned above and below the image carrier holding member 41 are vertically moved with reference to the moving direction of the image carrier holding member 41. It can be separated and is supported so as to be movable up and down. Now, with reference to FIGS. 27 and 28, the lifting support structure for the image forming unit holding member 43 positioned at the lowest position in the vertical direction, which is the juxtaposition direction of the holding members 41, 43, 44, will be described as follows. It is.
[0134]
FIG. 27 is a perspective view of the bottom of the image forming unit holding member 43 as viewed from below. In FIG. 27, the bottom plate DS of the image forming unit holding member 43 is placed and fixed on the bottom plate receiving member 230. Are attached to the inner rail 203B of the slide rail 203 using screws or the like (not shown).
[0135]
The bottom plate receiving member 230 is provided with a sliding portion 230 </ b> A composed of a hanging piece, and the sliding portion 230 </ b> A has a sliding guide having a longitudinal direction parallel to the moving direction of the image forming unit holding member 43. A hole 230B is formed.
[0136]
In the vicinity of the sliding guide hole 230B, an attenuating device 233 including a lifting member 231 having a sliding pin 231A inserted through the sliding guide hole 230B and an attenuation member 232 is disposed.
[0137]
The attenuating device 233 is a device for changing the speed when the image forming unit holding member 43 is raised and lowered, and in particular, is a device for attenuating the speed when it is lowered.
[0138]
The elevating member 231 provided in the attenuation device 233 includes the above-described sliding pin 231A at one end in the elevating direction and an engaging member provided on the supporting member 231B and the supporting member 231B having the elevating direction as the longitudinal direction. Rack 231C.
[0139]
The damping member 232 includes a pinion that meshes with the rack 231C, and has a configuration that can attenuate the speed only in one direction when the image forming unit holding member 43 is lowered, in other words, a main body to which the rotation of the pinion is transmitted. Inside, the velocity is attenuated by changing the viscoelasticity when a fluid such as oil or air is used.
[0140]
The damping characteristic in the case of using a fluid can be set by a reaction force (elasticity) change caused by a flow rate that attempts to pass through a fixed orifice provided in the damping member 232 or a variable orifice whose opening area can be changed. it can. In other words, when the moving speed is high, the reaction force is increased by increasing the flow rate to pass through the orifice, and when the moving speed is low, the reaction force is decreased by decreasing the flow rate. . Accordingly, the damping member 232 can change the damping force according to the moving speed of the image forming unit holding member 43. When the moving speed of the image forming unit holding member 43 is high, it is when the image forming unit holding member 43 is in a position where it starts to descend from the relationship of potential energy, and the moving speed decreases as the descent continues. Here, the damping member 232 has a characteristic that the speed is attenuated, that is, the moving speed is smaller at the end of lowering than at the start of lowering.
[0141]
In the attenuation device 233, the moving speed of the unit is attenuated by the combination of the elevating member 231 having the longitudinal direction of the elevating direction and the attenuation member 232. Therefore, when the unit is lowered, only a so-called linear motion is required, and a moment is generated. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the attenuation output of the attenuation member 232, and a small one can be prepared. In FIG. 27, reference numeral 234 denotes a support for the attenuation device 233.
[0142]
As a modification of the damping device, a change in the coefficient of friction can be used instead of viscoelasticity. FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing this case. In FIG. 28, a friction member 235 is provided to reduce the width direction dimension of the image forming unit holding member 43 along the direction in which the image forming unit holding member 43 descends. The speed at the end of the lowering may be made smaller than that at the start of the lowering due to a change in frictional resistance (which tends to increase) when sliding down the surface of the friction member 235 when the image unit holding member 43 is lowered.
[0143]
According to the present embodiment, the holding members 41, 43, and 44 move from the storage position toward the pull-out position by swinging the operation handle 216 provided on the sliding drive member 210 from the standing state to the lying state. When the drawing position is reached, the transfer member holding member 44 and the image forming unit holding member 43 are moved in the vertical direction with respect to each other as shown in FIG. A separated state can be obtained. The operation will be described below.
[0144]
FIG. 23 shows a state in which each holding member 41, 43, 44 is in the storage position within the housing of the full-color printer 1, and in this state, the operation handle 216 provided in the sliding drive member 210 is in an upright state. It is said that. The standing state of the operation handle 216 is maintained by the operation pin 217 on the operation bracket 215 side illustrated in FIG. 24 being locked by the locking surface 218B of the click member 218.
[0145]
When the side cover (not shown) of the housing is opened and the operation handle 216 is operated, when the operation handle 216 starts to shift from the standing state to the lying down state, the support device for each holding member 41, 43, 44 As shown in FIG. 29, when an operating force equal to or greater than the elastic force of the spring 219 on the click member 218 side is applied to the operation handle 216, the operation pin 217 on the operation bracket 215 side pushes the locking surface 218B of the click member 218. get over.
[0146]
When the operation pin 217 climbs over the locking surface 218B of the click member 218 and contacts the inner edge of the operation drive hole 213B in the longitudinal direction, the operation handle 216 further falls in this state as shown in FIG. By swinging toward the position, the drive pin 211C on the coupling member 211 side slides by an amount corresponding to the length in the longitudinal direction of the long hole 211A in conjunction with the swing of the swing bracket 213.
[0147]
As shown in FIG. 30, when the connecting pin 204D is in contact with the inner edge on the downstream side in the pull-out direction of each holding member 41, 43, 44 in the long hole 211A on the connecting member 211 side, the convex surface of the cam portion 211B is By facing the guide roller 223 in the sliding locking member 212, the sliding locking member 212 swings in a direction in which the locking roller 222 is separated from the locking slit 204F of the sliding member 204, and slides there. The state where the member 204 is restrained at the storage position is released, and the member 204 can be slid toward the drawing position.
[0148]
FIG. 31 shows a state in which the operation handle 216 is further swung toward the lying down position from the state shown in FIG. 30. In this state, the swing bracket 213 is interlocked with the swing of the operation handle 216. By swinging, the drive pin 211C hits the inner edge of the connection drive hole 213A, and the connection pin 204D hits the inner edge on the downstream side in the pull-out direction of the long hole 211A. As a result, the sliding member 204 starts moving in the pull-out direction in conjunction with the swing of the swing bracket 213.
[0149]
When the sliding member 204 starts moving in the pull-out direction, the connecting pins 201C, 202C, and 203C penetrating the sliding member 204 are interlocked with each other along the guide portions 205A, 205B, and 205C of the support base 205. The sliding members 204 are driven in the horizontal direction while moving by a predetermined distance immediately after the movement of the sliding member 204 is started, so that the driving members mounted on the holding members 41, 43, and 44 and the driving on the housing side are performed. The drive path with the member is cut off. Since the moving direction at this time is the horizontal direction, for example, if the driving members are fitted in the horizontal direction, the driving path can be easily cut without receiving external force other than that direction during movement, No extra load is applied by moving in the fitting direction.
[0150]
In FIG. 31, the connecting pins 201C, 202C, and 203C are connected to the slide rail 202 on the image carrier holding member 41 side by setting the shapes of the guide portions 205A, 205B, and 205C included in the support base 205. The connecting pins 201C and 203C provided on the slide rails 201 and 203 on the transfer member holding member 44 side and the image forming unit holding member 43 side move in the direction away from each other in the vertical direction with reference to the moving direction of 202C. The vertical separation of the transfer member holding member 44 side and the image forming unit holding member 43 side depends on the formation positions of the insertion holes 204A and 204B provided in the sliding member 204 and the orientation in the longitudinal direction. , 44, the transfer member holding member 44 and the image forming unit holding member 43 are separated from each other in the vertical direction with the image carrier holding member 41 sandwiched therebetween without changing the relative positional relationship along the moving direction.
[0151]
On the other hand, in conjunction with the movement of the sliding member 204, the connecting member 211 also moves toward the drawing position. At this time, the concave surface of the cam portion 211B faces the guide roller 223 of the sliding locking member 212. Accordingly, the sliding locking member 212 swings in a direction in which the locking roller 222 engages with the other locking slit 204 </ b> F ′ of the sliding member 204. As a result, the sliding member 204 is held at the drawing position of the holding members 41, 43, 44.
[0152]
In the state shown in FIG. 31, the connecting pins 201C, 202C, and 203C are moved by an amount corresponding to the moving stroke of the sliding member 204 in conjunction with the movement of the sliding member 204. The outer rails 201A, 202A, and 203A of the slide rails 201, 202, and 203 to which the 202C and 203C are fixed move from the storage position toward the pull-out position. As a result, the movement stroke of the entire slide rail can be increased as compared with the case where the outer rail is usually fixed and only the inner rail is moved. This state corresponds to a state in which the outer rails 201A, 202A, and 203A protrude from the end edge of the support base 205 by an amount indicated by a symbol L in FIG.
[0153]
32 and 33, the image forming unit holding member 43 shown in FIG. 27 is lowered with reference to the state in which the image forming unit holding member 43 moves in the horizontal direction in conjunction with the movement of the sliding member 204 and the moving direction of the image carrier holding member 41. It is a figure which shows each state.
[0154]
In FIG. 32, when the image forming unit holding member 43 moves in the horizontal direction in conjunction with the movement of the sliding member 204, the bottom plate receiving member DS also moves in the same direction (direction indicated by arrow F in the figure). Accordingly, the sliding pin 231A of the elevating member 231 slides in the sliding guide hole 210B on the attenuation device 233 side.
[0155]
In FIG. 33, when the image forming unit holding member 43 descends in conjunction with the movement of the sliding member 204, the sliding portion 210A also descends in conjunction with the bottom plate receiving member DS descending (in the figure, arrow D). ), The elevating member 231 through which the sliding pin 231A is inserted into the sliding guide hole 210B is lowered (the direction indicated by the arrow D ′ in the drawing). At this time, the moving speed of the rack 231 </ b> C included in the lifting / lowering member 231 is attenuated by the attenuation member 232 of the attenuation device 233.
[0156]
In the present embodiment, when the image forming unit holding member 43 reaches the lowering end position via the slide rail 203 after the descent speed is attenuated, and the image forming unit holding member 43 is pulled to the drawing position, the slide rails 201 to 203 are drawn. Of the holding members 41, 43, 44 accommodated in the holder, the holding member to be replaced or maintained is brought to a position where the device can be taken out by pulling the inner rail of the slide rails 201 to 203 from the outer rail. The
[0157]
When the holding members 41, 43, and 44 are moved from the pull-out position toward the storage position, the holding members 41, 43, and 44 can be positioned and held at the storage position by a procedure reverse to that described above. .
[0158]
【The invention's effect】
  Claim 1,According to the invention described in 2, the plurality of image carriers are held together with play on the image carrier holding member, and the plurality of image forming units are held together on the image forming unit holding member. Each image carrier is positioned with respect to the apparatus main body with the image carrier holding member positioned at a predetermined position in the apparatus main body, and each image forming unit is positioned with respect to each image carrier thus positioned. Therefore, the mounting accuracy with respect to each holding member is not required, and even maintenance / replacement operations at the user level can be performed very easily without having to pay attention to the mounting position during the mounting / demounting operation.
Further, the present invention can be suitably applied to a so-called tandem image forming apparatus. In addition, since the image carrier that has the same function and can be regarded as having almost the same life is detachably held by the image carrier holding member, it is possible to perform maintenance and maintenance while adopting a long life decomposition type configuration. Exchange operations and the like can be performed together for each image carrier holding member, and workability such as maintenance and replacement operations can be greatly improved. The same applies to the image forming unit.
Further, when maintaining or exchanging the image carrier, it is only necessary to place the image carrier on the image carrier holding member from above, and workability can be improved. The same applies to the image forming unit.
In addition, image carriers that have the same function and can be regarded as having almost the same life, such as image carriers and image forming units, are collectively held by the image carrier holding member, and the image forming units are grouped together. Since it is held by the image forming unit holding member and can be pulled out independently from the main body of the device in units of each holding member, the maintenance / replacement work etc. is held by the image carrier while adopting a long life disassembly type configuration. It is possible to carry out a single unit for each member or for each image forming unit holding member, and it is possible to greatly improve workability such as maintenance and replacement work.
According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, an image carrier holding member holding a plurality of image carriers and an image forming unit holding member holding a plurality of image forming units. Can be separated by a contact / separation mechanism within the apparatus main body, so that the individual image carriers and image forming units can be separated by a single contact / separation mechanism between the holding members without providing a contact / separation mechanism. The contact / separation mechanism can be greatly simplified, and with a simple and inexpensive configuration, the contact between the image carrier and the image forming unit is always in contact with each other. It can be easily avoided.
According to the fourth and fifth aspects of the invention, in addition to the effect of the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the second image carrier is held by the second image carrier holding member, and each holding is performed. Each image carrier is positioned with the member mounted in the apparatus main body, and the second image carrier is positioned with respect to each image carrier thus positioned, so that the mounting accuracy with respect to each holding member Therefore, even in maintenance / replacement work at the user level, it is possible to make it extremely easy without having to pay attention to the mounting position during the attachment / detachment operation.
According to the invention described in claim 6, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 4 or 5, the image carrier holding member and the second image carrier holding member can be separated by the contact / separation mechanism in the apparatus main body. Therefore, it is possible to use only the contact / separation mechanism between these holding members without providing a contact / separation mechanism or the like for each image carrier / second image carrier, thereby greatly simplifying the contact / separation mechanism. Thus, with a simple and inexpensive configuration, it is possible to easily avoid adverse effects such as remaining contact marks due to the constant contact between the image carrier and the second image carrier.
According to the seventh aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the sixth aspect of the invention, the separating operation of the image forming unit holding member with respect to the image carrier holding member, and the second image carrier holding member with respect to the image carrier holding member By simultaneously performing the separating operation with the interlocking mechanism, it is possible to further simplify the contact / separation mechanism, such as to be able to share the drive source and the like, and it is not necessary to provide the control system separately, It can be simplified.
According to the invention described in claim 8, in addition to the effects of the invention described in any one of claims 4 to 7, the image bearing members, the image forming units, and the second image carrier have the same functions. The image carriers that can be regarded as having almost the same lifetime are collectively held by the image carrier holding member, and the image forming unit is It is held by the image forming unit holding member, and the second image carrier is held by the second image carrier holding member and can be pulled out independently from the apparatus main body in units of each holding member. While adopting the mold configuration, it is possible to perform maintenance / replacement operations in units of image carrier holding member units, image forming unit holding member units or second image carrier units. Workability such as work can be greatly improved.
According to the ninth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the eighth aspect of the invention, since the holding members can be pulled out from the apparatus main body and the attaching / detaching directions of the members are all the same, Can be improved.
According to the invention described in claim 10, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 9, the attaching / detaching directions of the image carrier, the image forming unit, and the second image carrier are the same in the vertical direction. Workability can be further improved.
According to the invention described in claim 11, in addition to the effect of the invention described in any one of claims 4 to 10, the third image carrier is provided in order to enable double-sided color printing with one paper passing, for example. Even in the case of the configuration, the second image carrier holding member and the third image carrier holding member are each provided with a positioning portion, and are positioned by mutual engagement, whereby individual image carriers and image forming units are arranged. The unit and the second image carrier need only be positioned with respect to the corresponding holding members, and a complicated positioning mechanism can be eliminated individually.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a full-color printer showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing the internal configuration thereof.
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view showing an internal configuration of a modified example.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a block diagram.
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an exterior cover opened state.
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing an inner cover opened state.
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing a pulled-out state of the image carrier holding member.
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which the photoconductor is removed.
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing a drawing state of the image forming unit holding member.
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing an image forming unit removed state.
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view showing a pulled-out state of the transfer member holding member.
FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view showing an intermediate transfer belt removed state.
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view showing a belt holding member in an opened state.
FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view showing a transfer belt removed state.
FIG. 15 is a longitudinal front view showing an example of an approach / separation mechanism.
FIG. 16 is a side view thereof.
FIG. 17 is a side view showing a modification of the contact / separation mechanism.
FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view showing a positioning structure of the image carrier holding member.
19A and 19B show an example of a positioning structure of an image forming unit, where FIG. 19A is a front view and FIG. 19B is a side view.
FIG. 20 is a schematic front view showing a positioning structure of a belt holding member.
FIG. 21 is an exploded perspective view seen from the back showing the connection relationship with the air-conditioning means.
FIG. 22 is a schematic perspective view showing the contact / separation mechanism of the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 23 is a schematic perspective view showing a part thereof in an enlarged manner.
FIG. 24 is a schematic perspective view showing the sliding member and a sliding drive member.
FIG. 25 is a partial side view showing a connection structure between a sliding member and a sliding drive member.
FIG. 26 is a partial perspective view showing a part of the configuration of part of FIG. 25 as viewed obliquely from above.
FIG. 27 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration example of an attenuation device.
FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing a modification of the attenuation device.
FIG. 29 is a partial side view showing an initial stage of the drawer operation.
FIG. 30 is a partial side view showing a middle stage of a drawer operation in which the operation handle is further tilted.
FIG. 31 is a partial side view showing a final stage of a drawer operation in which the operation handle is further largely tilted.
FIG. 32 is a schematic perspective view showing an initial stage of the attenuation device.
FIG. 33 is a schematic perspective view showing an end stage of the damping device.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Main unit
3 Image carrier
12 Second image carrier
41 Image carrier holding member
42 Image creation unit
43 Image forming unit holding member
44 Second image carrier holding member

Claims (11)

複数の像担持体と、
これらの複数の像担持体を遊びを持ってまとめて保持する像担持体保持部材と、
前記像担持体の各々に対して少なくとも現像処理を含む作像処理を施す複数の作像ユニットと、
これらの複数の作像ユニットをまとめて保持する作像ユニット保持部材と、を備え、
前記各像担持体は、前記像担持体保持部材に対して並列に配置され、かつ、該像担持体保持部材に対して上方より載置されて着脱自在に保持されており、
前記各作像ユニットは、前記作像ユニット保持部材に対して並列に配置され、かつ、該作像ユニット保持部材に対して上方より載置されて着脱自在に保持されており、
前記像担持体保持部材と前記作像ユニット保持部材の両方とも装置本体に対して引出し自在であり、
前記像担持体保持部材が装置本体内の所定位置に位置された状態で前記像担持体の各々が前記装置本体に対して位置決めされるように構成され
前記作像ユニット保持部材が該像担持体保持部材に対して近接又は押圧状態となるように押し上げることで、位置決めされた前記像担持体の各々に対して前記作像ユニット保持部材に保持されている前記作像ユニットの各々が位置決めされるように構成された画像形成装置。
A plurality of image carriers;
An image carrier holding member that holds the plurality of image carriers together with play; and
A plurality of image forming units for performing image forming processing including at least development processing on each of the image carriers;
An image forming unit holding member that holds the plurality of image forming units together,
Each of the image carriers is arranged in parallel to the image carrier holding member, and is placed on the image carrier holding member from above and is detachably held.
Each of the image forming units is arranged in parallel to the image forming unit holding member, and is placed on the image forming unit holding member from above and is detachably held.
Both the image carrier holding member and the image forming unit holding member can be pulled out with respect to the apparatus main body,
The image bearing member supporting member is configured to so that is positioned with respect to each said device body of said image bearing member in a state of being positioned in a predetermined position in the apparatus main body,
The image forming unit holding member is held by the image forming unit holding member with respect to each of the positioned image carriers by pushing up so that the image forming unit holding member comes close to or pressed against the image carrier holding member. An image forming apparatus configured to position each of the image forming units.
前記像担持体保持部材を装置本体内の所定位置に位置させる像担持体保持部材規制部材と、
所定位置に位置した前記像担持体保持部材上の各々の前記像担持体を前記装置本体に対して位置決めする像担持体位置決め機構と、
位置決めされた前記像担持体の各々に対して前記作像ユニット保持部材に保持されている前記作像ユニットの各々を位置決めさせる作像ユニット位置決め機構と、を備える請求項1記載の画像形成装置。
An image carrier holding member regulating member for positioning the image carrier holding member at a predetermined position in the apparatus main body;
An image carrier positioning mechanism for positioning each of the image carriers on the image carrier holding member positioned at a predetermined position with respect to the apparatus main body;
The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an image forming unit positioning mechanism that positions each of the image forming units held by the image forming unit holding member with respect to each of the positioned image carriers.
装置本体内において前記像担持体保持部材に対して前記作像ユニット保持部接離させる接離機構を備える請求項1又は2記載の画像形成装置。The image forming apparatus according claim 1 or 2, including a contact and separation mechanism for contact and separation of the image forming unit holding member relative to the image bearing member holder in the apparatus main body. 前記各像担持体に対して共通に設けられて前記各像担持体に担持された像が転写される第2像担持体と、
この第2像担持体を保持する第2像担持体保持部材と、を備え、
位置決めされた前記像担持体の各々に対して前記第2像担持体保持部材に保持されている前記第2像担持体が位置決めされる請求項1ないし3の何れか一記載の画像形成装置。
A second image carrier that is provided in common to each image carrier and onto which an image carried on each image carrier is transferred;
A second image carrier holding member for holding the second image carrier,
4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second image carrier held by the second image carrier holding member is positioned with respect to each of the positioned image carriers. 5.
位置決めされた前記像担持体の各々に対して前記第2像担持体保持部材に保持されている前記第2像担持体を位置決めさせる第2像担持体位置決め機構を備える請求項4記載の画像形成装置。  The image formation according to claim 4, further comprising a second image carrier positioning mechanism that positions the second image carrier held by the second image carrier holding member with respect to each of the positioned image carriers. apparatus. 装置本体内において前記像担持体保持部材と前記第2像担持体保持部材とを接離させる接離機構を備える請求項4又は5記載の画像形成装置。The image forming apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein comprising a separation mechanism for contact and separation between the said image bearing member holder second image bearing member holder in the apparatus main body. 前記像担持体保持部材に対する前記作像ユニット保持部材の離間動作と、前記像担持体保持部材に対する前記第2像担持体保持部材の離間動作とを同時に行わせる連動機構を備える請求項6記載の画像形成装置。  The interlocking mechanism which performs simultaneously the separation operation of the image forming unit holding member with respect to the image carrier holding member and the separation operation of the second image carrier holding member with respect to the image carrier holding member. Image forming apparatus. 記第2像担持体保持部材が装置本体に対して引出し自在である請求項4ないし7の何れか一記載の画像形成装置。 Before Symbol image forming apparatus as claimed in 7 to 4 claims be freely drawer against the apparatus main body second image carrier holding member. 前記像担持体保持部材、前記作像ユニット保持部材及び前記第2像担持体保持部材に各々保持された前記像担持体、作像ユニット及び第2像担持体の着脱方向が同一である請求項8記載の画像形成装置。  The attaching / detaching directions of the image carrier, the image forming unit, and the second image carrier respectively held by the image carrier holding member, the image forming unit holding member, and the second image carrier holding member are the same. 9. The image forming apparatus according to 8. 前記像担持体保持部材、前記作像ユニット保持部材及び前記第2像担持体保持部材の引出し方向が水平方向であり、前記第2像担持体の着脱方向が前記像担持体及び前記作像ユニットと同一である請求項9記載の画像形成装置。The image bearing member holder, the drawing direction of the imaging unit holding member and the second image bearing member supporting member is horizontal, before Symbol detachment direction the image carrier and the imaging of the second image bearing member the image forming apparatus according to claim 9 wherein units identical to that. 前記第2像担持体上の像が転写される第3像担持体と、
この第3像担持体を保持する第3像担持体保持部材と、を備え、
前記第2像担持体保持部材及び前記第3像担持体保持部材は各々位置決め部を有し、前記第2像担持体保持部材の前記位置決め部に対して前記第3像担持体保持部材の前記位置決め部を係合させることにより相互の位置決めを行わせるようにした請求項4ないし10の何れか一記載の画像形成装置。
A third image carrier to which an image on the second image carrier is transferred;
A third image carrier holding member for holding the third image carrier,
Each of the second image carrier holding member and the third image carrier holding member has a positioning portion, and the third image carrier holding member has the positioning portion with respect to the positioning portion of the second image carrier holding member. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the positioning portions are engaged to perform mutual positioning.
JP2002371685A 2002-01-25 2002-12-24 Image forming apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP3968301B2 (en)

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CN031105467A CN100407059C (en) 2002-01-25 2003-01-25 Imge formation equipment having improved image quality and maintenance operationability
US10/351,410 US6978103B2 (en) 2002-01-25 2003-01-27 Image forming apparatus with improved image quality and maintenance workability
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