JP3968183B2 - Production method of malt alcoholic beverage - Google Patents
Production method of malt alcoholic beverage Download PDFInfo
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- JP3968183B2 JP3968183B2 JP36914498A JP36914498A JP3968183B2 JP 3968183 B2 JP3968183 B2 JP 3968183B2 JP 36914498 A JP36914498 A JP 36914498A JP 36914498 A JP36914498 A JP 36914498A JP 3968183 B2 JP3968183 B2 JP 3968183B2
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- malt
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- yeast
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- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 55
- 235000013334 alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 47
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004890 malting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209056 Secale Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007238 Secale cereale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008369 fruit flavor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Images
Landscapes
- Distillation Of Fermentation Liquor, Processing Of Alcohols, Vinegar And Beer (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、麦芽アルコール飲料の製造法に関し、詳しくはビールや麦芽を原料に用いた雑酒発泡酒などの麦芽アルコール飲料の製造法に関する。さらに詳しくは、麦芽のみから調製した麦汁又は麦芽および副原料から調製した麦汁と酵母が発酵可能な糖類とを含む溶液を用いて、水を除く麦芽の使用比率を任意に調整した麦芽アルコール飲料の製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
我国の酒税法上、麦芽を使用する酒類のうち、ビールは原料として麦芽、ホップおよび水を発酵させたもの、もしくは麦芽、ホップ、水およびその他の原料として米、とうもろこし、こうりゃん、ばれいしょ、でんぷん、糖類などを用いるものであって、かつ原料中における麦芽の重量が水以外の原料の重量の100分の67以上と規定されている。
一方、麦芽を使用する酒類としては、ビールの他に雑酒発泡酒(以下、発泡酒という。)が存在する。発泡酒は酒税法上、原料中の麦芽の重量に基づく区分として、当該重量が水以外の原料の重量の・100分の67以上のもの、・100分の50以上100分の67未満のもの、・100分の25以上100分の50未満のもの、および・100分の25未満のものの4段階に規定されている。
なお、原料中の麦芽重量が・の区分に属するものであっても、ビールの製造原料として認められていないものを原料の一部に含む麦芽アルコール飲料は発泡酒に分類される。
【0003】
ビール、発泡酒等の麦芽アルコール飲料は、いずれも麦芽の酵素活性を利用することにより麦汁の製造を行なう点に特色を有するアルコール飲料であるので、発泡酒の製造法は、ビールの製造法と基本的に大きく変わるものではない。それ故、その製造に際して、基本的にビールの製造装置を使用することができる。
【0004】
よって、上記したように、ビール風味、清酒風味、果実風味、ワイン風味といった様々な風味の発泡酒等の麦芽アルコール飲料の製造は、麦芽を原料の大部分もしくは一部として用い、他の原料の種類並びにその使用量、使用する酵母の種類、発酵条件等を変え、ビールの製造装置を用いて実施することが可能である。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、発泡酒、とりわけ前記の・又は・の区分に属する麦芽使用量が50%未満の発泡酒の製造においては、原料中の麦芽が量的に少ないため、マイシェ濃度やpH、それに伴う蛋白分解、糖化等の条件を調整するのが困難であった。さらに、こうした麦芽使用比率が少ない麦汁では、酵母に必要な窒素源の不足に起因する有機酸の増加、香気成分のアンバランス等により通常のビールとは異なる香味を持つものが得られることがあった。また、その製造工程、とりわけ仕込工程において仕込釜、仕込槽などにおけるマイシェ量およびマイシェ濃度のアンバランス、ろ過における渋滞、麦汁濁度の上昇等が起こり、これらの対策のため、工程が煩雑になる等の不都合が経験されている。
【0006】
本発明の目的は、上記した課題を解消した麦芽アルコール飲料、とりわけ発泡酒の製造法を開発することであり、特に麦芽使用比率の少ない発泡酒の製造においても通常のビール製造の場合と同様の仕込工程を採用でき、かつ原料の粉砕、糖化、麦汁ろ過などの工程を省略ないし簡略化することが可能で、しかも香味の改善された発泡酒等の麦芽アルコール飲料の製造方法を確立することである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は麦芽のみから調製した麦汁又は麦芽および副原料から調製した麦汁の発酵工程において、酵母が発酵可能な糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液を1回で、もしくは1〜3日間の間隔をあけて2回で、発酵液と等量添加して発酵を行なうことを特徴とする麦芽アルコール飲料の製造法に関する。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の方法の態様としては、例えば以下の方法がある。
・麦芽100%で仕込んで得た麦汁を使用して発酵開始後、酵母が発酵可能な糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液を、発酵液と等量、かつ所定濃度で、1回ないし2回にわたり添加して発酵を行なう方法。
・麦芽50%で仕込んで得た麦汁を使用して発酵開始後、酵母が発酵可能な糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液を、発酵液と等量、かつ所定濃度で、1回ないし2回にわたり添加して発酵を行なう方法。
・麦芽25%以上で仕込んで得た麦汁を使用して発酵開始後、酵母が発酵可能な糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液を、発酵液と等量、かつ所定濃度で、1回ないし2回にわたり添加して発酵を行なう方法。
・上記の各方法において、酵母が発酵可能な糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液と共に、必要に応じて酵母、ホップ、その他の原料等を適宜添加する方法。
・上記の各方法において、酵母が発酵可能な糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液として通気処理したものを用いる方法。
【0009】
ビール、発泡酒等の麦芽アルコール飲料は、通常、製麦工程、仕込工程、発酵工程、貯酒工程およびろ過工程を経て製品とされる。
製麦工程で得られた麦芽は、次の仕込工程に送られるが、この工程では、前記したように、麦芽のみを仕込んで麦汁を作る他、麦芽と副原料を所定の割合で仕込んで麦汁を作る。この場合に用いる副原料としては、ビールにおいては酒税法により米、とうもろこし、こうりゃん、ばれいしょ、でんぷん、糖類等に限定されているが、発泡酒においてはこの他、小麦、ライ麦などの穀類、さつまいも、さといも等のいも類、その他一切の澱粉質原料並びに糖類もしくは糖類を含む果汁などの原料を用いることができる。
これらの原料は、仕込釜や仕込槽などにおいて温水と混合して麦芽中の酵素の作用によりマイシェを形成する。この場合、必要に応じてアミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ等の酵素や水質調整剤などを適宜添加してもよい。
【0010】
このようにして得たマイシェを所定の温度、通常は60〜67℃にて所定時間、通常は30〜90分程度保持することによって糖化を行なう。
糖化が終了した後、ろ過を行なって透明な麦汁を得る。次いで、この麦汁を煮沸釜に移し、ホップを添加して煮沸する。
【0011】
煮沸した麦汁を適切な発酵温度、一般的には8〜10℃まで冷却してから発酵槽に移し、発酵工程を開始する。さらにこの発酵液に対して、酵母が発酵可能な糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液を煮沸殺菌し、冷却した後、追添加して発酵を行なう。ここで、酵母が発酵可能な糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液としては、様々なものがあり、例えばモルトエキスなどの他、通常の発酵において用いられる糖類も単独で、あるいは上記の物質と組み合わせて使用することができる。また、この糖類を含む溶液を発酵槽に追添加する際に、溶液の通気の有無もしくは通気量の多寡等を調整することにより、求める最終製品の香味、品質等に応じて発酵状態を制御し、ひいては発酵代謝産物である香気成分を制御することができる。なお、該溶液には所望により、発酵状態を考慮して酵母、適当な窒素源、さらには水質調整剤等を添加することもできる。
【0012】
本発明の方法における発酵工程において、糖類を含む溶液の添加は1〜2回に分けて行なわれるが、これは各種の態様で実施され、以下にその代表例を示す。
・麦芽100%で仕込んで得た麦汁(第1液)を使用して発酵を開始し、1〜3日後に糖類を含む溶液(第2液)を発酵液と等量添加して発酵を継続し、さらに1〜3日後に糖類を含む溶液(第3液)を発酵液と等量加えて発酵を行ない、最終的に水以外の原料中の麦芽の重量が25%相当の麦芽アルコール飲料を製造する方法。
・麦芽50%で仕込んで得た麦汁(第1液)を使用して発酵を開始し、1〜3日後に糖類を含む溶液(第2液)を発酵液と等量添加して発酵を続け、最終的に水以外の原料中の麦芽の重量が25%相当の麦芽アルコール飲料を製造する方法。
【0013】
通常、発酵は6〜9日程度行なった後、得られた発酵液を貯酒工程において熟成(後発酵)させて、目的とする発泡酒などの麦芽アルコール飲料を得る。次いで、ろ過工程および製品化工程を経て最終製品とされる。
【0014】
【実施例】
以下に、本発明を実施例により詳しく説明する。
実施例1
仕込槽に麦芽56kgと温水200Lを加えて良く混合し、液温を約40℃として約40分間保持してマイシェを作った後、これを徐々に昇温し、液温を65℃とした。マイシェをこの温度に約20分間保持したのち、15分かけて75℃に昇温し、約3分間保持した。
【0015】
糖化終了後、ろ過を行なって透明な麦汁を得た。次に、この麦汁(第1液)を煮沸釜に移し、ホップを加えて約100℃で80分間程煮沸した後、沈殿槽に移して静置することにより沈殿物を分離、除去した。
なお、煮沸の際に添加するホップの使用量は、発酵工程での糖液等添加による希釈分を勘案した量としなければならない。
その後、該麦汁250Lを約9℃まで冷却した。この冷麦汁に通気した後、発酵槽に添加して主発酵を開始した。なお、ビール酵母は濃度が1.5×107 個/mLとなるように添加した。
【0016】
この発酵液を11℃に2日間保った後、糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液(第2液)を、元の麦汁(第1液)と等量添加し発酵を継続した。第2液は、殺菌のため、煮沸釜において約100℃で15分間程煮沸した後、約9℃まで冷却して調製し、酵母添加量は3.0×107 個/mLとした。なお、第2液の発酵槽への添加の際には通気は行なわなかった。
さらに2日経過した後、糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液(第3液)を第1液および第2液の合計量と等量添加し、この後さらに4日間発酵を継続した。
なお、第3液についても第2液同様に調製したものを用い、酵母添加量は3.0×107 個/mLの濃度とし、かつ発酵槽添加時の通気も行なわなかった。
主発酵終了後、発酵液を貯酒工程(後発酵工程)に移し、11℃で7日間、次いで0℃で14日間保持した。その後、常法によるろ過工程、製品化工程を経て最終製品を得た。
発酵工程の概要を図1に、冷麦汁および最終製品の分析結果を第1表に、発酵工程での酵母数の推移を図2に、発酵工程でのエキス分の推移を図3に示す。また、製品中に含まれる低沸点化合物のガスクロ分析値をビールの標準分析値と比較したレーダーチャートを図4に示す。
【0017】
実施例2
仕込槽に、麦芽30kgと糖類として主としてマルトースを含む溶液32kgを添加し、さらに温水121Lを加えて良く混合した後、液温を約40℃として約40分間保持してマイシェを作った。これを徐々に昇温し液温を65℃とした。マイシェをこの温度に約20分間保持したのち、15分かけて75℃に昇温し、約3分間保持した。
【0018】
糖化終了後、ろ過を行なって透明な麦汁を得た。次に、この麦汁(第1液)を煮沸釜に移し、ホップを加えて約100℃で80分間程煮沸した後、沈殿槽に移して静置することにより沈殿物を分離、除去した。
その後、該麦汁250Lを約9℃まで冷却した。この冷麦汁に通気した後、発酵槽に添加して主発酵を開始した。なお、ビール酵母は濃度が1.5×107 個/mLとなるように添加した。
【0019】
この発酵液を11℃に2日間保った後、糖類として主としてマルトースを含む溶液(第2液)を、元の第1液と等量添加し、発酵を継続した。なお、第2液は、実施例1と同様にして調製し、酵母添加量は3.0×107 個/mLとした。なお、本実施例の第2液を発酵槽に添加する際には通気を行なった。
主発酵終了後、発酵液を貯酒工程(後発酵工程)に移し、11℃で7日間、次いで0℃で14日間保持した。その後、常法によるろ過工程、製品化工程を経て最終製品を得た。
発酵工程の概要を図1に、冷麦汁および最終製品の分析結果を第1表に、発酵工程での酵母数の推移を図2に、発酵工程でのエキス分の推移を図3に示す。また、製品中に含まれる低沸点化合物のガスクロ分析値をビールの標準分析値と比較したレーダーチャートを図4に示す。
【0020】
実施例3
実施例2において、第2液を発酵槽に添加する際、通気を行なわなかったこと以外は、すべて実施例2と同様にして実施した。
発酵工程の概要を図1に、冷麦汁および製品の分析結果を第1表に、発酵工程での酵母数の推移を図2に、発酵工程でのエキス分の推移を図3に示す。また、製品中に含まれる低沸点化合物のガスクロ分析値をビールの標準分析値と比較したレーダーチャートを図4に示す。
【0021】
実施例4
仕込槽に麦芽16kgと糖類として主にマルトースを含む溶液50kgを添加し、さらに温水110Lを加えて良く混合した後、液温を約40℃として約40分間保持してマイシェを作った。これを徐々に昇温して液温を65℃とした。マイシェをこの温度に約20分間保持したのち、15分かけて75℃に昇温し、約3分間保持した。
【0022】
糖化終了後、ろ過を行なって透明な麦汁を得た。次に、この麦汁(第1液)を煮沸釜に移し、ホップを加えて約100℃で80分間程煮沸した後、沈殿槽に移して静置することにより沈殿物を分離、除去した。
その後、該麦汁250Lを約9℃まで冷却した。この冷麦汁にビール酵母を濃度が3.0×107 個/mLとなるように添加した。なお、発酵槽への麦汁添加の際に通気をしなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして主発酵を行ない、さらに貯酒工程(後発酵工程)、ろ過工程、製品化工程を同様に実施して最終製品を得た。
発酵工程の概要を図1に、冷麦汁および最終製品の分析結果を第1表に、発酵工程での酵母数の推移を図2に、発酵工程でのエキス分の推移を図3に示す。また、製品中に含まれる低沸点化合物のガスクロ分析値をビールの標準分析値と比較したレーダーチャートを図4に示す。
【0023】
【表1】
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によれば、麦芽アルコール飲料の製造工程、とりわけ麦芽使用量の少ない発泡酒製造での仕込工程において、従来経験されたマイシェ濃度のアンバランスやろ過渋滞などの問題点を解消することができる。しかも、発酵工程において添加する糖類を含む溶液の添加割合を調整することによって、最終製品である麦芽アルコール飲料中の麦芽の使用比率を任意に選択し、ビールから発泡酒まで所望の製品を得ることができる。
また、仕込工程における第2液ないし第3液の煮沸は、殺菌のみを目的とするため、短時間で処理できることから、製造時間の短縮に加え、エネルギーコストの削減を図ることもできる。なお、実施例では加熱による第2液ないし第3液の殺菌を示したが、殺菌方法はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば精密ろ過、紫外線殺菌などの任意の方法を採用することができる。
【0025】
さらに、発酵工程において、第1液ないし第3液等の発酵槽への添加の際、通気量、すなわち酸素供給量を制御することにより、最終製品スペックに合わせて香気成分の組成を調整することも可能である。
なお、実施例においては、いずれもホップの添加を第1液のみで行なったが、第2液、第3液等に対しても添加することができる。この方法を応用すれば、例えば通常ビールを第1液として仕込み、次いで該麦汁を複数の発酵槽に分割して発酵を開始し、各発酵槽に対して苦味質を含む糖液をそれぞれ所望の割合で添加することにより、ビールや麦芽使用率の異なる各種発泡酒などを同時に複数製造することもできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 発酵工程の概要を示す図である。
【図2】 発酵工程での酵母数の推移を示すグラフである。
【図3】 発酵工程でのエキス分の推移を示すグラフである。
【図4】 最終製品中に含まれる低沸点化合物のガスクロ分析値をビールの標準分析値と比較したレーダーチャートである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a malt alcoholic beverage, and more particularly to a method for producing a malt alcoholic beverage such as miscellaneous sake happoshu using beer or malt as a raw material. More specifically, malt alcohol in which wort prepared from malt alone or wort prepared from malt and auxiliary ingredients and a solution containing saccharides that can be fermented by yeast is arbitrarily adjusted for the use ratio of malt excluding water. The present invention relates to a beverage production method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Under liquor tax law in Japan, among the alcoholic beverages that use malt, beer is fermented malt, hops and water as raw materials, or rice, corn, corn, potato, starch, as malt, hops, water and other raw materials , Sugars and the like are used, and the weight of malt in the raw material is defined as 67/100 or more of the weight of the raw material other than water.
On the other hand, as liquors using malt, miscellaneous sake happoshu (hereinafter referred to as happoshu) exists in addition to beer. Happoshu is classified as based on the weight of malt in the raw materials under the liquor tax law. .. Specified in four stages: those of 25/100 or more and less than 50/100, and those of less than 25/100.
Even if the malt weight in the raw material belongs to the category, the malt alcoholic beverage containing a part of the raw material that is not recognized as a raw material for producing beer is classified as a sparkling liquor.
[0003]
Malt alcoholic beverages such as beer and happoshu are alcoholic beverages characterized by the production of wort by utilizing the enzymatic activity of malt. And basically not a big change. Therefore, basically, a beer production apparatus can be used for the production.
[0004]
Therefore, as described above, the production of malt alcoholic beverages such as beer flavor, sake flavor, fruit flavor, wine flavor and other flavors of malt alcoholic beverages, using malt as most or part of the raw material, It is possible to carry out using a beer production apparatus by changing the type and the amount of use, the type of yeast to be used, fermentation conditions, and the like.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the production of Happoshu, especially Happoshu with a malt consumption of less than 50% belonging to the above-mentioned category, the amount of malt in the raw material is small, so the Miche concentration, pH, and associated proteolysis It was difficult to adjust conditions such as saccharification. In addition, wort with a low malt use ratio can be obtained with a flavor different from that of normal beer due to an increase in organic acids due to a shortage of nitrogen sources necessary for yeast, an imbalance in aroma components, etc. there were. In addition, the manufacturing process, especially the charging process, imbalance of the amount and concentration of the cheese in the charging tank, the charging tank, etc., congestion in filtration, increase in wort turbidity, etc. occur. Inconveniences such as becoming have been experienced.
[0006]
The object of the present invention is to develop a method for producing malt alcoholic beverages, in particular, happoshu, which has solved the above-mentioned problems. Establishing a method for producing malt alcoholic beverages such as happoshu, which can adopt the preparation process and can omit or simplify the steps such as pulverization, saccharification, and wort filtration of raw materials. It is.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, in the fermentation process of wort prepared from malt alone or wort prepared from malt and an auxiliary material, the present invention is a solution containing mainly maltose as a saccharide that can be fermented by yeast once, or for 1 to 3 days. It is related with the manufacturing method of the malt alcoholic beverage characterized by performing fermentation by adding an equal amount with a fermented liquor twice in space .
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the method according to the present invention include the following methods.
・ After fermentation starts using wort prepared with 100% malt, a solution containing mainly maltose as a saccharide that can be fermented by yeast is equivalent to the fermented liquid at a predetermined concentration, once or twice. A method of adding fermentation over a range of fermentation.
・ After starting fermentation using wort prepared with 50% malt, a solution containing mainly maltose as a saccharide that can be fermented by yeast is equivalent to the fermented liquid at a predetermined concentration once or twice. A method of adding fermentation over a range of fermentation.
・ After the start of fermentation using wort prepared by adding at least 25% of malt, a solution containing mainly maltose as a saccharide that can be fermented by yeast is equivalent to the fermented liquid at a predetermined concentration once to twice. A method in which fermentation is carried out by adding over several times .
In each of the above methods, a method in which yeast, hops, other raw materials, and the like are added as needed together with a solution mainly containing maltose as a saccharide that can be fermented by yeast.
In each of the above methods, a method in which aeration treatment is performed as a solution mainly containing maltose as a saccharide that can be fermented by yeast.
[0009]
Malt alcoholic beverages such as beer and sparkling liquor are usually made into a product through a malting process, a preparation process, a fermentation process, a storage process, and a filtration process.
The malt obtained in the malting process is sent to the next charging process. In this process, as described above, wort is prepared by adding only malt and malt and auxiliary materials are charged at a predetermined ratio. Make wort. As auxiliary ingredients used in this case, beer is limited to rice, corn, corn, potato, starch, sugar, etc. by liquor tax law, but in addition to happoshu, other grains such as wheat and rye, sweet potato Potatoes such as sugarcane, all other starchy raw materials, and raw materials such as saccharides or fruit juice containing sugars can be used.
These raw materials are mixed with warm water in a charging pot, a charging tank or the like to form a miche by the action of enzymes in the malt. In this case, an enzyme such as amylase or protease, a water quality adjusting agent, or the like may be added as necessary.
[0010]
Saccharification is performed by holding the thus obtained miche at a predetermined temperature, usually 60 to 67 ° C., for a predetermined time, usually about 30 to 90 minutes.
After saccharification is completed, filtration is performed to obtain transparent wort. The wort is then transferred to a boiling kettle and hops are added and boiled.
[0011]
The boiled wort is cooled to an appropriate fermentation temperature, generally 8 to 10 ° C., and then transferred to a fermenter to start the fermentation process. Further, a solution containing mainly maltose as a saccharide that can be fermented by yeast is boiled and sterilized with respect to this fermentation broth, followed by cooling and additional fermentation. Here, there are various solutions containing mainly maltose as a saccharide that can be fermented by yeast. For example, in addition to malt extract , saccharides used in normal fermentation are used alone or in combination with the above substances. Can be used. In addition, when adding a solution containing this saccharide to the fermenter, the fermentation state is controlled according to the desired flavor, quality, etc. of the final product by adjusting the presence or absence of aeration of the solution or the amount of aeration. As a result, it is possible to control aroma components that are fermentation metabolites. If desired, yeast, an appropriate nitrogen source, a water quality adjusting agent, and the like can be added to the solution in consideration of the fermentation state.
[0012]
In the fermentation step in the method of the present invention, the addition of the saccharide-containing solution is performed once or twice, and this is carried out in various modes, and typical examples are shown below.
-Fermentation is started using wort (first liquid) obtained by charging with 100% malt, and after 1 to 3 days, a solution containing saccharides (second liquid) is added in an amount equal to that of the fermented liquid. Continued, and after 1 to 3 days, a solution containing sugar (third liquid) is added in an amount equivalent to the fermentation liquid to perform fermentation, and finally a malt alcoholic beverage in which the weight of malt in raw materials other than water is equivalent to 25% How to manufacture.
-Fermentation is started using wort (first liquid) obtained by charging with 50% malt, and after 1 to 3 days, a solution containing saccharide (second liquid) is added in an amount equivalent to the fermented liquid and fermented. Subsequently, a method of finally producing a malt alcoholic beverage in which the weight of malt in the raw materials other than water is equivalent to 25% .
[0013]
Usually, after fermentation is performed for about 6 to 9 days, the obtained fermented liquor is aged (post-fermented) in a liquor storage step to obtain a target malt alcoholic beverage such as happoshu. Next, the final product is obtained through a filtration step and a commercialization step.
[0014]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
56 kg of malt and 200 L of warm water were added to the charging tank and mixed well. After the liquid temperature was kept at about 40 ° C. and held for about 40 minutes to make a miche, this was gradually raised to a liquid temperature of 65 ° C. After maintaining the miche at this temperature for about 20 minutes, the temperature was raised to 75 ° C. over 15 minutes and held for about 3 minutes.
[0015]
After completion of saccharification, filtration was performed to obtain a transparent wort. Next, this wort (first liquid) was transferred to a boiling kettle, added with hops, boiled at about 100 ° C. for about 80 minutes, then transferred to a precipitation tank and left to stand to separate and remove the precipitate.
In addition, the usage-amount of the hop added at the time of boiling must be taken into consideration the dilution part by addition, such as a sugar liquid in a fermentation process.
Thereafter, 250 L of the wort was cooled to about 9 ° C. After aeration of this cold wort, the main fermentation was started by adding to the fermenter. In addition, brewer's yeast was added so that a density | concentration might be 1.5 * 10 < 7 > piece / mL.
[0016]
After maintaining this fermented liquid at 11 degreeC for 2 days, the solution (2nd liquid) mainly containing maltose as saccharides was added in an equivalent amount with the original wort (1st liquid), and fermentation was continued. The second liquid was prepared by boiling for about 15 minutes at about 100 ° C. in a boiling kettle for sterilization and then cooling to about 9 ° C., and the amount of yeast added was 3.0 × 10 7 pieces / mL. In addition, aeration was not performed when the second liquid was added to the fermenter.
After a further 2 days, a solution mainly containing maltose as a saccharide (third liquid) was added in an amount equal to the total amount of the first liquid and the second liquid, and then fermentation was continued for another 4 days.
In addition, about the 3rd liquid, what was prepared similarly to the 2nd liquid was used, the yeast addition amount was set to the density | concentration of 3.0 * 10 < 7 > piece / mL, and aeration at the time of fermenter addition was not performed.
After the completion of the main fermentation, the fermentation broth was transferred to a liquor storage process (post-fermentation process) and held at 11 ° C. for 7 days and then at 0 ° C. for 14 days. Then, the final product was obtained through the filtration process and the commercialization process by a conventional method.
The outline of the fermentation process is shown in FIG. 1, the analysis results of cold wort and the final product are shown in Table 1, the change in the number of yeasts in the fermentation process is shown in FIG. 2, and the change in the extract in the fermentation process is shown in FIG. Moreover, the radar chart which compared the gas chromatographic analysis value of the low boiling point compound contained in a product with the standard analysis value of beer is shown in FIG.
[0017]
Example 2
30 kg of malt and 32 kg of a solution mainly containing maltose as sugars were added to the charging tank, 121 L of warm water was further added and mixed well, and then the liquid temperature was kept at about 40 ° C. and kept for about 40 minutes to make a mash. This was gradually raised to a liquid temperature of 65 ° C. After maintaining the miche at this temperature for about 20 minutes, the temperature was raised to 75 ° C. over 15 minutes and held for about 3 minutes.
[0018]
After completion of saccharification, filtration was performed to obtain a transparent wort. Next, this wort (first liquid) was transferred to a boiling kettle, added with hops, boiled at about 100 ° C. for about 80 minutes, then transferred to a precipitation tank and left to stand to separate and remove the precipitate.
Thereafter, 250 L of the wort was cooled to about 9 ° C. After aeration of this cold wort, the main fermentation was started by adding to the fermenter. In addition, brewer's yeast was added so that a density | concentration might be 1.5 * 10 < 7 > piece / mL.
[0019]
After maintaining this fermented liquid at 11 degreeC for 2 days, the solution (2nd liquid) mainly containing maltose as saccharides was added in the same amount as the original 1st liquid, and fermentation was continued. The second liquid was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the amount of yeast added was 3.0 × 10 7 pieces / mL. In addition, aeration was performed when adding the 2nd liquid of a present Example to a fermenter.
After the completion of the main fermentation, the fermentation broth was transferred to a liquor storage process (post-fermentation process) and held at 11 ° C. for 7 days and then at 0 ° C. for 14 days. Then, the final product was obtained through the filtration process and the commercialization process by a conventional method.
The outline of the fermentation process is shown in FIG. 1, the analysis results of cold wort and the final product are shown in Table 1, the change in the number of yeasts in the fermentation process is shown in FIG. 2, and the change in the extract in the fermentation process is shown in FIG. Moreover, the radar chart which compared the gas chromatographic analysis value of the low boiling point compound contained in a product with the standard analysis value of beer is shown in FIG.
[0020]
Example 3
In Example 2, when adding the 2nd liquid to a fermenter, it implemented in the same way as Example 2 except not having ventilated.
The outline of the fermentation process is shown in FIG. 1, the analysis results of cold wort and products are shown in Table 1, the change in the number of yeasts in the fermentation process is shown in FIG. 2, and the change in the extract in the fermentation process is shown in FIG. Moreover, the radar chart which compared the gas chromatographic analysis value of the low boiling point compound contained in a product with the standard analysis value of beer is shown in FIG.
[0021]
Example 4
After adding 16 kg of malt and 50 kg of a solution mainly containing maltose as a saccharide to the charging tank, 110 L of warm water was added and mixed well, and then the liquid temperature was kept at about 40 ° C. and kept for about 40 minutes to make a mash. This was gradually raised to a liquid temperature of 65 ° C. After maintaining the miche at this temperature for about 20 minutes, the temperature was raised to 75 ° C. over 15 minutes and held for about 3 minutes.
[0022]
After completion of saccharification, filtration was performed to obtain a transparent wort. Next, this wort (first liquid) was transferred to a boiling kettle, added with hops, boiled at about 100 ° C. for about 80 minutes, then transferred to a precipitation tank and left to stand to separate and remove the precipitate.
Thereafter, 250 L of the wort was cooled to about 9 ° C. Beer yeast was added to this cold wort so that the concentration would be 3.0 × 10 7 pieces / mL. In addition, the main fermentation is performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the aeration is not performed when adding the wort to the fermenter, and the alcohol storage process (post-fermentation process), the filtration process, and the commercialization process are performed in the same manner. Implemented to obtain the final product.
The outline of the fermentation process is shown in FIG. 1, the analysis results of cold wort and the final product are shown in Table 1, the change in the number of yeasts in the fermentation process is shown in FIG. 2, and the change in the extract in the fermentation process is shown in FIG. Moreover, the radar chart which compared the gas chromatographic analysis value of the low boiling point compound contained in a product with the standard analysis value of beer is shown in FIG.
[0023]
[Table 1]
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, in the production process of malt alcoholic beverages, in particular, in the preparation process in the production of happoshu with a small amount of malt use, problems such as unbalance of the Miche concentration and filtration congestion that are conventionally experienced are solved. Can do. Moreover, by adjusting the addition ratio of the solution containing sugar added in the fermentation process, the use ratio of malt in the final product malt alcoholic beverage can be arbitrarily selected to obtain the desired product from beer to sparkling liquor. Can do.
Moreover, since the boiling of the 2nd liquid thru | or 3rd liquid in a preparation process aims only at sterilization, since it can process in a short time, in addition to shortening of manufacturing time, it can also aim at reduction of energy cost. In addition, although the Example showed the sterilization of the 2nd liquid thru | or 3rd liquid by heating, the sterilization method is not limited to this, For example, arbitrary methods, such as microfiltration and ultraviolet sterilization, are employable. .
[0025]
Furthermore, in the fermentation process, the composition of the aroma component is adjusted according to the final product specifications by controlling the aeration amount, that is, the oxygen supply amount when adding the first liquid to the third liquid to the fermenter. Is also possible.
In each of the examples, hops were added only with the first liquid, but they can be added to the second liquid, the third liquid, and the like. If this method is applied, for example, normal beer is charged as the first liquid, then the wort is divided into a plurality of fermenters and fermentation is started, and a sugar solution containing a bitter taste is desired for each fermentor. By adding in the ratio, it is also possible to simultaneously produce a plurality of beers and various types of happoshu having different malt usage rates.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of a fermentation process.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the transition of the number of yeasts in the fermentation process.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the transition of the extract in the fermentation process.
FIG. 4 is a radar chart comparing gas chromatographic analysis values of low boiling point compounds contained in the final product with standard analysis values of beer.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP36914498A JP3968183B2 (en) | 1998-12-25 | 1998-12-25 | Production method of malt alcoholic beverage |
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| JP36914498A JP3968183B2 (en) | 1998-12-25 | 1998-12-25 | Production method of malt alcoholic beverage |
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| JP2006353633A Division JP4024827B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2006-12-28 | Production method of malt alcoholic beverage |
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| US8889201B2 (en) | 2008-08-21 | 2014-11-18 | Pat's Backcountry Beverages, Inc. | Method of making alcohol concentrate |
| JP6496688B2 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2019-04-03 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | Malt beverage |
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