JP3769561B2 - Upward filtration device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an upward filtration device for filtering water to be treated by passing it through a filter medium facing upward.

  In the upward filtration device, a porous horizontal support plate is provided slightly above the bottom wall of the main filtration tank, and crushed stone, gravel, sand, etc. that gradually become smaller in particle size upward on the horizontal support plate. The filter medium is heavier than water and easy to deposit. The main filtration tank communicates with the preliminary filtration tank below the horizontal support plate, and the water to be treated is first supplied to the preliminary filtration tank. The water to be treated receives a certain pressure and is introduced to the lower side of the horizontal receiving plate, and passes upward through the filter medium layer through the horizontal receiving plate. During this time, solid components and viscous components in the water to be treated are captured by the filter medium layer and fall through a large number of through holes in the horizontal backing plate.

A water collection box is provided above the filter medium, and the water to be treated that has reached the water collection box is discharged from the main filtration tank through a water collection pipe connected to the water collection box or the water collection tank. In addition, the solid component and viscous component adhering to the filter medium can be dropped below the horizontal backing plate by introducing pressure water into the filter medium layer and washing, maintaining the filtration performance of the filter device. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-27882

  However, in the upward filtration device as described above, even the sand, which is the finest filter medium, has a limit to the refinement, so no matter how thick the sand layer is, the gap between the sand particles is constant. It is difficult to capture fine particles that are smaller than the gap and smaller than the gap.

  In addition, even if a filter material finer than sand, such as a dense fibrous body such as nonwoven fabric, is used, it is difficult to stably deposit on the sand, and the pressure as described above when clogged. Washing with water is also difficult.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an upward filtration device that enhances the filtration performance of the filter medium and that has been fully implemented when the filter medium is clogged.

According to the present invention, the above problem is solved as follows.
(1) The filter medium is stacked on the upper surface of a porous horizontal receiving plate provided slightly above the bottom wall of the main filtration tank, and filtered by circulating the water to be treated upward from the horizontal receiving plate. in countercurrent filtration apparatus on which the said upwardly of the filtering material, bored a number of catchment holes on the outer peripheral surface, and the outer peripheral surface is disposed substantially horizontally covered water collecting pipe by a cylindrical filter medium Furthermore, the main filtration tank is provided with a mark indicating the water level of the filtered water to be reached when the filter medium is clogged until the filter medium of the water collecting pipe should be replaced.

(2) The filter medium is stacked on the upper surface of a porous horizontal receiving plate provided slightly above the bottom wall of the main filtration tank, and the treated water is circulated upward from the horizontal receiving plate so as to be filtered. In the above upward filtration apparatus, a water collecting pipe having a large number of water collecting holes formed on the outer peripheral surface and covered with a cylindrical filter medium is disposed substantially horizontally above the main filter material. In addition, when the level of the filtered water to be treated in the main filtration tank rises to the level reached when the filter medium is clogged to the state where the filter medium of the water collecting pipe should be replaced, this is detected. And detecting means for operating the notifying means.

( 3) The filter medium is stacked on the upper surface of a porous horizontal receiving plate provided slightly above the bottom wall of the filtration tank, and the treated water is circulated upward from the horizontal receiving plate so as to be filtered. In the above upward filtration apparatus, a water collecting pipe having a large number of water collecting holes formed on the outer peripheral surface and covered with a cylindrical filter medium is disposed substantially horizontally above the main filter material. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the filter medium covering the water collecting pipe and the outer peripheral surface thereof is an ellipse that is long in the vertical direction.

( 4 ) In any one of the above (1) to (3), the cylindrical filter medium covering the outer peripheral surface of the water collecting pipe is a finer fibrous filter medium than the main filter medium.

( 5 ) In any one of the above (1) to (4), when the cylindrical filter material covering the outer peripheral surface of the water collecting pipe is used, the water pressure at a predetermined depth from the water level of the water to be treated is filtered at the initial stage of use. Thus, the water to be treated can be collected, and the water pressure capable of collecting water increases according to the degree of clogging.

(6) In any one of the above (1) to (5), a part of the water collecting pipe and the filter medium covering the outer peripheral surface thereof are detachably attached to the fixed water collecting pipe as a cartridge.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.
(1) According to the first to third aspects of the invention, when collecting the water to be treated that has already been filtered by the present filter medium, it is filtered again by the cylindrical filter medium covering the water collection pipe, so that the filtration performance Is further improved as compared with the case of using only the present filter medium .

(2) In particular, according to the invention of claim 1, the degree of clogging of the filter medium covering the water collecting pipe, the time of replacement of the filter medium, etc. by comparing the mark provided in the main filtration tank with the actual water level Can be known more easily.

( 3) Further, according to the invention described in claim 2, even when the replacement of the filter medium covering the water collecting pipe is forgotten, the alarm means is activated to ensure that the time for replacement of the filter medium has come. I can know.

( 4) Further, according to the invention described in claim 3, clogging progresses sequentially upward from the lower part of the filter medium, and an unused portion of the filter medium is sequentially submerged due to the accompanying rise in the water level. Since it starts, the exchange time of a filter medium can be lengthened remarkably.

( 5 ) According to the invention described in claim 4, fine particles that could not be filtered with the present filter medium can be filtered, and the filtration performance is further improved. In addition, a fibrous filter medium that is difficult to use as the main filter medium because it floats can be stably used without being floated by winding it around the water collecting pipe as a cylindrical shape.

( 6 ) According to the invention described in claim 5, since the water level in the main filtration tank rises according to the degree of clogging of the filter medium covering the water collecting pipe, the filter medium is clogged by observing the water level. This is convenient because it is easy to know the degree of the filter and there is no need to inspect the filter medium directly.

( 7) According to the invention described in claim 6, the filter medium can be easily replaced.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal front view of an upward filtration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The upward filtration tank (2) of the upward filtration device (1) has a box shape made of concrete, and the inside thereof is a bottom wall (5) by a vertical partition wall (4) hanging from the top wall (3). ) Is slightly divided into a narrow prefiltration tank (6) and a wider main filtration tank (7). The preliminary filtration tank (6) and the main filtration tank (7) communicate with each other in the height from the bottom wall (5) of the upward filtration tank (2) to the lower end of the vertical partition wall (4). Reference numerals (8) and (9) denote the lids of the preliminary filtration tank (6) and the main filtration tank (7), respectively.

In the preliminary filtration tank (6), an overflow pipe extending upward with an intake pipe (10) extending upward inside and an opening (11a) at a position lower than the opening (10a) of the intake pipe (10). A liquid pipe (11) is installed. The water level (12) in the preliminary filtration tank (6) is determined by the height of the opening (11a) of the overflow pipe (11). The intake pipe (10) and the overflow pipe (11) both lead to the outside of the upward filtration tank (2), but the intake pipe (10) has a water intake control outside the upward filtration tank (2). A valve (13) is installed.

  Under the intake pipe (10) and the overflow pipe (11) in the preliminary filtration tank (6), a number of water-permeable holes (not shown) extending in the vertical direction are formed so as to close the horizontal section. A preliminary filter material layer (15) is stacked on the entire surface of the horizontal receiving plate (14). As the prefilter material (15a) such as crushed stone, gravel, sand, etc. constituting the prefilter material layer (15), those which are finely divided in order from the bottom to the top are used.

  In the main filtration tank (7), two horizontal support plates (17) each having a number of water-permeable holes (16) slightly above the vertical partition wall (4) are interposed between the partition plates (18). It is provided across the entire horizontal cross section. The main filter material layer (19) is stacked on the horizontal support plate (17) over the entire surface. The filter medium (19a) such as crushed stone, gravel, sand, etc. constituting the filter medium layer (19) is used that has been finely divided in order from the bottom to the top.

  A pressure water pipe (20) provided with a number of outlets (not shown) for jetting pressure water for washing the filter medium (19a) at a medium height position of the filter medium layer (19). ) Is arranged.

  Above the filter medium layer (19), a water collection cartridge (21) for collecting the filtered water is disposed so as to be inclined almost horizontally, preferably slightly upward toward the tip.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the water collecting cartridge (21) has a cylindrical water collecting pipe (21) whose front end surface is blocked by an end plate (22) and whose outer peripheral surface has a large number of water collecting holes (23). 24) and a cylindrical filter medium (25) externally fitted to the water collecting pipe (24) so as to cover the outer peripheral surface thereof.

The filter medium (25) is finer than the filter medium (19a) such as sand at the top of the filter tank (19) (for example, the average pore diameter is about 0.1 to 10 microns). It is preferable to use paper materials such as Japanese paper or synthetic paper, and other fiber materials. As the fibers, synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers, and vinyl chloride fibers can be used in addition to natural fibers such as cotton.
Further, as the filter medium (25), a porous ceramic cylindrical body containing activated carbon, or a combination thereof with the above-described fibrous material can also be used.
The thickness of the filter medium (25) is preferably selected from the range of 5 to 60 mm in consideration of the filtration performance and the filtration flow rate.

  The water collection cartridge (21) is detachably connected to the tip of the fixed water collection pipe (27) via the coupler (26). The fixed water collection pipe (27) is drawn out of the upward filtration tank (2), and a water collection valve (28) is attached to the outside of the upward filtration tank (2).

  Near the bottom wall (5) of the preliminary filtration tank (6), a mud drain pipe (29) connected to the outside of the preliminary filtration tank (6) is provided. Outside the preliminary filtration tank (6), the mud pipe (29) is provided with a mud valve (30).

  When the water collecting cartridge (21) is not clogged, the water level of the main filtration tank (7) is about 10 cm above the water collecting cartridge (21) as shown by reference numeral (31) in FIG. However, as the eyes of the water collecting cartridge (21) become clogged, it gradually rises and reaches a position of about 1 m above the water collecting cartridge (21) at the maximum, as indicated by reference numeral (32). The water level (32) cannot be higher than the water level (12) of the preliminary filtration tank (6).

  In the upward filtration device (1), the water to be treated is taken from the intake control valve (13), passes through the intake pipe (10) and above the prefilter layer (15) in the prefiltration tank (6). to go into. If the flow rate from the intake pipe (10) is larger than the filtration flow rate of the prefilter layer (15), the water level will gradually rise, but the height of the opening (9a) of the overflow pipe (9) The water level (12) determined by is not exceeded.

  The water to be treated that has been preliminarily filtered by the prefilter layer (15) reaches the lower part of the main filtration tank (7) through the lower end of the vertical partition wall (4). In the main filtration tank (7), the water to be treated rises due to the water pressure in the preliminary filtration tank (6), passes through the water permeation holes (16) of the horizontal backing plate (17), and passes through the main filter medium layer (19 ) Is reached. In the present filter material layer (19), since impurities are removed in descending order from the bottom to the top, clogging is not caused by capturing all the large and small impurities at once. Further, even when clogging occurs, it can be efficiently shaken off by the pressure water from the pressure water pipe (20).

  Sludge and other contaminants that have fallen through the water permeation holes (16) during filtration in the main filter medium layer (19) and during cleaning of the main filter medium layer (19), and a horizontal support plate during filtration in the preliminary filtration tank (6) 14) The contaminants that have fallen through the water-permeable holes once accumulate on the bottom wall (5), but since the bottom wall (5) is gently inclined downward toward the left side of the figure, it continues to drain mud. It goes to the pipe (29) and is discharged out of the upward filter (1) through the mud pipe (29) by opening the mud valve (30).

  The water to be treated filtered by the filter medium layer (19) continues to rise and travels toward the water collection cartridge (21), and is finally filtered by the filter medium (25) in the water collection cartridge (21). The treated water that has entered the water collecting pipe (24) through the water collecting hole (23) of the water collecting pipe (24) in the water collecting cartridge (21) is removed from the main filtration tank (7) through the water collecting pipe (27). Is taken out through a water collecting valve (28).

  According to this upward filtration device (1), the filtration performance can be improved as compared with the case of only the conventional filter medium layer. Moreover, since the replacement time of the water collection cartridge (21) can be known by observing the water level in the main filtration tank (7), efficient filtration can be performed. The exchange is preferably performed within a range of 30 cm to 1 m above the water collecting cartridge (21).

  In order to be able to easily know the replacement time of the water collection cartridge (21), for example, a water collection cartridge (21) is provided in a peep window (not shown) for confirming the water level in the filtration tank (7). It is preferable to provide a mark (not shown) indicating the water level reached when the filter medium (25) is clogged until the filter medium (25) is to be replaced.

  Further, as shown by an imaginary line in FIG. 1, a detection means such as a known water level meter (33) for detecting the water level of the filtered water to be treated is provided in the main filtration tank (7). (33) indicates that the measured water level has reached the predetermined set water level that is reached when the filter medium (25) is clogged until the filter medium (25) of the water collection cartridge (21) should be replaced. When it is detected, it is further preferable to operate an alarm means (34) such as a red light or a buzzer provided on the top surface of the top wall (3) or other appropriate place.

  When it is known that the time for replacement of the water collection cartridge (21) has arrived by the means described above, the water collection valve (28) is closed, the coupler (26) is released, and the water collection cartridge (21 ) And attach a new water collection cartridge (21) to the coupler (26), or leave the removed water collection cartridge (21) as it is, or add a filter medium (25) from the water collection pipe (24). The water collection cartridge (21) that has been removed and cleaned is reassembled and attached to the coupler (26).

  The interval of replacement of the water collection cartridge (21) is generally 3 months to 6 months, but if it is desired to make it longer, the water collection pipe (24 ') in the water collection cartridge (21) as shown in FIG. The cross-sectional shape of the filter medium (25 ′) is preferably an oval shape that is long in the vertical direction.

  In this way, the clogging progresses sequentially upward from the lower part immersed in the water to be treated in the filter medium (25 ′), and as the water level rises accordingly, the filter medium (25 ′) is unused. Since the portions are sequentially immersed and filtration is started, the replacement time of the filter medium (25 ′) can be remarkably increased.

It is a vertical front view of the upward filtration apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged front view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of water collection cartridge in FIG. It is an expansion vertical side view of the modification of a water collection cartridge.

Explanation of symbols

(1) Upward filtration device
(2) Upward filtration tank
(3) Top wall
(4) Vertical bulkhead
(5) Bottom wall
(6) Preliminary filtration tank
(7) Main filtration tank
(8) (9) Lid
(10) Intake pipe
(10a) Opening
(11) Overflow pipe
(11a) Opening
(12) Water level
(12a) Opening
(13) Water intake control valve
(14) Horizontal backing plate
(15) Prefilter layer
(15a) Preliminary filter media
(16) Permeability hole
(17) Horizontal backing plate
(18) Partition plate
(19) This filter material layer
(19a) This filter medium
(20) Pressure water pipe
(21) Water collection cartridge
(22) End plate
(23) Water collection hole
(24) (24 ') Water collection pipe
(25) (25 ') Filter media
(26) Coupler
(27) Water collection pipe
(28) Water collection valve
(29) Waste pipe
(30) Mud valve
(31) (32) Water level
(33) Water level gauge (detection means)
(34) Alarm means

Claims (6)

The filter medium is stacked on the upper surface of a porous horizontal receiving plate provided slightly above the bottom wall of the main filtration tank, and filtered by circulating the water to be treated upward from the horizontal receiving plate. in countercurrent filtration apparatus, wherein the upper of the filtration material, bored a number of catchment holes on the outer peripheral surface, and the outer peripheral surface is disposed substantially horizontally covered water collecting pipe by a cylindrical filter medium, further the An upward filtration apparatus characterized in that a filter tank is provided with a mark indicating the water level of the filtered water to be reached when the filter medium is clogged until the filter medium of the water collecting pipe should be replaced. . The filter medium is stacked on the upper surface of a porous horizontal receiving plate provided slightly above the bottom wall of the main filtration tank, and filtered by circulating the water to be treated upward from the horizontal receiving plate. In the counterfiltration device, a number of water collecting holes are formed on the outer peripheral surface above the main filter material, and a water collecting pipe whose outer peripheral surface is covered with a cylindrical filter material is disposed substantially horizontally. When the water level of the filtered water to be treated in the filtration tank rises to the water level reached when the filter medium is clogged up to the state where the filter medium of the water collecting pipe should be replaced, this is detected and notified. An upward filtration device comprising a detecting means for actuating the filter. The filter medium is stacked on the upper surface of a porous horizontal receiving plate provided slightly above the bottom wall of the main filtration tank, and filtered by circulating the water to be treated upward from the horizontal receiving plate. In the counterfiltration device, a number of water collecting holes are formed on the outer peripheral surface above the main filter medium, and a water collecting pipe whose outer peripheral surface is covered with a cylindrical filter medium is disposed substantially horizontally. An upward filtration device characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the filter material covering the water tube and the outer peripheral surface thereof is an oval long in the vertical direction . The upward filtration apparatus in any one of Claims 1-3 which made the cylindrical filter material which covers the outer peripheral surface of a water collection pipe | tube the finer fibrous filter material than this filter medium.   In the initial stage of use of the cylindrical filter medium covering the outer peripheral surface of the water collection pipe, the water to be treated can be collected by the water pressure at a predetermined depth from the water level of the filtered water to be treated, and the degree of clogging can be achieved. Accordingly, the upward filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which has such a property that a water pressure capable of collecting water rises.   The upward filtration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a part of the water collecting pipe and a filter medium covering the outer peripheral surface thereof are detachably attached to a fixed water collecting pipe as a cartridge.

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