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JP3591361B2 - Switching power supply - Google Patents

Switching power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3591361B2
JP3591361B2 JP05641399A JP5641399A JP3591361B2 JP 3591361 B2 JP3591361 B2 JP 3591361B2 JP 05641399 A JP05641399 A JP 05641399A JP 5641399 A JP5641399 A JP 5641399A JP 3591361 B2 JP3591361 B2 JP 3591361B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
power supply
switching power
load
light load
capacitor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP05641399A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000253662A (en
Inventor
博伸 城山
政美 古田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fuji Electric Device Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Electric Device Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Electric Device Technology Co Ltd
Priority to JP05641399A priority Critical patent/JP3591361B2/en
Publication of JP2000253662A publication Critical patent/JP2000253662A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3591361B2 publication Critical patent/JP3591361B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、商用電源を入力とするスイッチング電源に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図3は、従来のスイッチング電源の効率特性例を示す図であり、図4は、その回路構成例を示す図である。図4において、商用電源1をダイオードブリッジ2およびコンデンサ3により整流平滑し、得られた直流電圧をスイッチング電源制御回路13からの信号でMOSFET5をスイッチングし、トランス4の2次側に接続されたダイオード6およびコンデンサ7で整流平滑して、負荷12に直流電力を供給している。
【0003】
一般に、スイッチング電源の場合、図3に示すように定格負荷時の効率に比べ軽負荷時の効率は非常に悪くなる。例えば、定格負荷時の効率が80%なのに対して、軽負荷時の効率は20%程度になる。但し、変換電力が小さいため、発生している損失そのものは小さく、例えば発熱などもあまり問題とはならない。そのため、軽負荷の場合でも、効率が低い状態で使用していた。例えば、テレビなどに代表されるように、使用していないときにもリモコンの信号が受信可能となるように、制御回路の一部を動作させている(待機状態)が、これがスイッチング電源を軽負荷で使用している状態である。
【0004】
しかし、近年、待機状態の電力消費が問題になってきている。待機状態の電力は小さいが継続時間が長いため、総合的な使用電力量は大きくなってしまう。このため、この待機時の消費電力を小さく押さえようとする動きがある。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図5は、従来のスイッチング電源の別の回路構成例を示す図である。前述の待機時の消費電力を小さく押さえるために、軽負荷状態を狙って作った別の電源回路27をダイオード24を介して図4に示す電源回路に並列に追加接続して、軽負荷時の効率を改善したものである。しかし、このように新たな電源回路を追加する方式では、回路が複雑になり、外形も大きくなり、価格も高いスイッチング電源となってしまう問題があった。
本発明の目的は、軽負荷時の効率改善を安価に実現したスイッチング電源を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、本発明においては、負荷を監視する軽負荷検出手段と、スイッチング電源の2次側に接続されたコンデンサまたはバッテリと、該コンデンサまたはバッテリと負荷との間に接続され前記軽負荷検出手段からの指令信号により軽負荷時にオンして負荷に電力を供給する電圧変換手段と、前記軽負荷検出手段からの指令信号により軽負荷時にオンして前記コンデンサまたはバッテリの充放電量を監視し、所定の充電量でスイッチング電源の1次側の動作を停止させ、所定の放電量でスイッチング電源の1次側を動作させる充放電量監視手段とを具備することとした。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、本発明の第1の実施例を示す回路構成図である。図1において、8,9,10はダイオード、11は大容量のコンデンサ、14は充放電量監視回路、15は例えばDC−DCコンバータなどの電圧変換回路、16は軽負荷検出回路、17はスイッチ、19はフライバック電源であり、その他の構成要素は図4と同じであり同じ符号を付してある。
【0008】
破線で囲んだフライバック電源19は、従来から一般的に用いられているフライバック方式の電源とほぼ同じであり、定格での電源の動作は通常用いられているものと何ら変わりはない。
【0009】
スイッチ17とダイオード8は、軽負荷動作時に不要となる回路(例えばコンデンサ7)を切り離すためのものである。従って、定格負荷時は、スイッチ17は閉じた状態で使用される。また、DC−DCコンバータ15は動作を停止しており、充放電量監視回路14も動作を停止している。
【0010】
軽負荷になると、先ず軽負荷検出回路16がこの軽負荷の状態を検出する。軽負荷検出回路16からの信号によりスイッチ17が開となり、フライバック方式の電源19を定格と同程度の変換電力で動作させ、この電力でコンデンサ11を急速に充電する。定格と同程度の変換電力で充電を行うため、電力変換の効率の高い領域が使用できる。軽負荷検出回路16からの信号により動作する充放電量監視回路14はこの充電の状況を監視しており、所定の充電量になった時点でスイッチング電源制御回路13にオフ指令信号を送ってフライバック電源19の動作を停止させる。
【0011】
一方、軽負荷時には、軽負荷検出回路16からの指令信号により、DC−DCコンバータ15が動作を開始する。このDC−DCコンバータ15は、コンデンサ11に貯えられたエネルギーを入力として、所定の出力電圧に変換して負荷12に電力を供給する。
【0012】
その間、充放電量監視回路14はコンデンサ11の放電量を監視しており、所定の放電量に達すると、スイッチング電源制御回路13にオン指令信号を送ってフライバック電源19を再度動作させ、コンデンサ11を急速充電する。
以降、上記の動作を繰り返す。
【0013】
図2は、本発明の第2の実施例を示す回路構成図である。図1との相違点は、大容量のコンデンサ11の代わりに充放電可能なバッテリ18を使用している点であり、回路の動作は図1と同じである。
【0014】
なお、エネルギー蓄積手段である大容量のコンデンサ11やバッテリ18は、DC−DCコンバータ15を介して負荷12に接続されるが、エネルギーを蓄積する際の電圧は出力電圧よりも高くすることができる。エネルギーを蓄積する際の電圧を高くすると、特に図1の大容量のコンデンサ11を使用する場合には、より大きなエネルギーを蓄積することが可能となる。こうすることで、フライバック電源19の休止期間を長くすることが可能となる。
【0015】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、DC−DCコンバータを電圧変換回路として使用したとき、このDC−DCコンバータは軽負荷の状態を狙って作成されるため、例えば90%程度の高変換効率のものが実現可能である。従って、従来技術でスイッチング電源の効率が定格時80%であったとすると、この発明によれば、
(電源の定格時効率)×(DC−DCコンバータの効率)=約70%
の変換効率が可能であり、従来技術の20%程度に比べて大幅に効率改善を図ることが安価にできる。
【0016】
また、電圧変換回路として3端子レギュレータを用いた場合、DC−DCコンバータをもちいた場合に比べて効率は落ちるが、それでも全体の効率は約50%程度が実現可能である。
さらに、この軽負荷時に使用される負荷が入力電圧の変動が許される場合、(例えば、LEDの点灯などの)新たな電圧変換回路を追加しないことも可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の第1の実施例を示す回路構成図。
【図2】この発明の第2の実施例を示す回路構成図。
【図3】従来のスイッチング電源の効率特性例を示す図。
【図4】従来のスイッチング電源の回路構成例を示す図。
【図5】従来のスイッチング電源の別の回路構成例を示す図。
【符号の説明】
1…商用電源、2…ダイオードブリッジ、3,7…コンデンサ、4…トランス、5…MOSFET、6,8,9,10…ダイオード、11…大容量コンデンサ、12…負荷、13…スイッチング電源制御回路、14…充放電量監視回路、15…DC−DCコンバータ、16…軽負荷検出回路、17…スイッチ、18…バッテリ、19…フライバック電源。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a switching power supply that inputs a commercial power supply.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of efficiency characteristics of a conventional switching power supply, and FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration thereof. In FIG. 4, a commercial power supply 1 is rectified and smoothed by a diode bridge 2 and a capacitor 3, and the obtained DC voltage is switched by a signal from a switching power supply control circuit 13 to a MOSFET 5, and a diode connected to a secondary side of a transformer 4 is provided. DC power is supplied to the load 12 after being rectified and smoothed by the capacitor 6 and the capacitor 7.
[0003]
Generally, in the case of a switching power supply, as shown in FIG. 3, the efficiency at a light load is much lower than the efficiency at a rated load. For example, while the efficiency under a rated load is 80%, the efficiency under a light load is about 20%. However, since the converted power is small, the generated loss itself is small, and, for example, heat generation does not cause much problem. Therefore, even in the case of a light load, it is used in a state where the efficiency is low. For example, as typified by a television, a part of the control circuit is operated (standby state) so that the signal of the remote controller can be received even when not in use, but this causes the switching power supply to be lightened. It is in a state of being used under load.
[0004]
However, in recent years, power consumption in a standby state has become a problem. Since the power in the standby state is small but the duration is long, the total power consumption increases. For this reason, there is a movement to reduce the power consumption during the standby time.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of a circuit configuration of a conventional switching power supply. In order to reduce the above-mentioned standby power consumption, another power supply circuit 27 made for the light load state is additionally connected in parallel to the power supply circuit shown in FIG. It is an improvement in efficiency. However, such a method of adding a new power supply circuit has a problem that the circuit becomes complicated, the outer shape becomes large, and the switching power supply becomes expensive.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a switching power supply that can improve the efficiency at a light load at low cost.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a light load detecting means for monitoring a load, a capacitor or a battery connected to a secondary side of a switching power supply, and a capacitor or a battery connected between the capacitor or the battery and the load. A voltage conversion unit that is turned on at the time of a light load by a command signal from the light load detection unit to supply power to the load; and a charge / discharge of the capacitor or the battery that is turned on at a light load by a command signal from the light load detection unit. Charge / discharge amount monitoring means for monitoring the amount, stopping the operation of the primary side of the switching power supply at a predetermined charge amount, and operating the primary side of the switching power supply at a predetermined discharge amount.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 8, 9 and 10 are diodes, 11 is a large-capacity capacitor, 14 is a charge / discharge amount monitoring circuit, 15 is a voltage conversion circuit such as a DC-DC converter, 16 is a light load detection circuit, and 17 is a switch. , 19 are flyback power supplies, and the other components are the same as those in FIG.
[0008]
The flyback power supply 19 surrounded by a broken line is almost the same as a flyback type power supply generally used conventionally, and the operation of the power supply at the rated value is no different from that of a normal use.
[0009]
The switch 17 and the diode 8 are for disconnecting a circuit (for example, the capacitor 7) which becomes unnecessary at the time of light load operation. Therefore, at the time of rated load, the switch 17 is used in a closed state. The operation of the DC-DC converter 15 is stopped, and the operation of the charge / discharge amount monitoring circuit 14 is also stopped.
[0010]
When the load becomes light, first, the light load detection circuit 16 detects this light load state. The switch 17 is opened by a signal from the light load detection circuit 16, the flyback type power supply 19 is operated with a converted power equivalent to the rating, and the capacitor 11 is rapidly charged with this power. Since charging is performed with the converted power equivalent to the rating, a region with high power conversion efficiency can be used. The charge / discharge amount monitoring circuit 14 operated by a signal from the light load detection circuit 16 monitors the state of the charge. When the charge amount reaches a predetermined charge amount, the charge / discharge amount monitoring circuit 14 sends an off command signal to the switching power supply control circuit 13 to fly. The operation of the back power supply 19 is stopped.
[0011]
On the other hand, when the load is light, the DC-DC converter 15 starts operating according to a command signal from the light load detection circuit 16. The DC-DC converter 15 receives the energy stored in the capacitor 11 as an input, converts the energy into a predetermined output voltage, and supplies power to the load 12.
[0012]
During this time, the charge / discharge amount monitoring circuit 14 monitors the discharge amount of the capacitor 11, and when the discharge amount reaches a predetermined amount, sends an ON command signal to the switching power supply control circuit 13 to operate the flyback power supply 19 again, and Charge 11 quickly.
Thereafter, the above operation is repeated.
[0013]
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference from FIG. 1 is that a chargeable / dischargeable battery 18 is used instead of the large-capacity capacitor 11, and the operation of the circuit is the same as in FIG.
[0014]
The large-capacity capacitor 11 and the battery 18, which are energy storage means, are connected to the load 12 via the DC-DC converter 15, and the voltage for storing energy can be higher than the output voltage. . If the voltage at the time of storing the energy is increased, it is possible to store a larger amount of energy, especially when the large-capacity capacitor 11 of FIG. 1 is used. By doing so, it is possible to extend the idle period of the flyback power supply 19.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, when a DC-DC converter is used as a voltage conversion circuit, the DC-DC converter is created for a light load state, and therefore, a converter having a high conversion efficiency of, for example, about 90% can be realized. It is. Therefore, assuming that the efficiency of the switching power supply is 80% at the rated time in the prior art, according to the present invention,
(Efficiency at rated power supply) x (DC-DC converter efficiency) = about 70%
Conversion efficiency is possible, and the efficiency can be significantly reduced compared to the conventional technology of about 20% at a low cost.
[0016]
Further, when a three-terminal regulator is used as the voltage conversion circuit, the efficiency is reduced as compared with the case where a DC-DC converter is used, but the overall efficiency can still be about 50%.
Furthermore, if the load used at the time of light load allows the input voltage to fluctuate, it is also possible not to add a new voltage conversion circuit (for example, lighting of an LED).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of efficiency characteristics of a conventional switching power supply.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration example of a conventional switching power supply.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of a circuit configuration of a conventional switching power supply.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Commercial power supply, 2 ... Diode bridge, 3,7 ... Capacitor, 4 ... Transformer, 5 ... MOSFET, 6, 8, 9, 10 ... Diode, 11 ... Large capacity capacitor, 12 ... Load, 13 ... Switching power supply control circuit , 14: charge / discharge amount monitoring circuit, 15: DC-DC converter, 16: light load detection circuit, 17: switch, 18: battery, 19: flyback power supply.

Claims (1)

負荷を監視する軽負荷検出手段と、スイッチング電源の2次側に接続されたコンデンサまたはバッテリと、該コンデンサまたはバッテリと負荷との間に接続され前記軽負荷検出手段からの指令信号により軽負荷時にオンして負荷に電力を供給する電圧変換手段と、前記軽負荷検出手段からの指令信号により軽負荷時にオンして前記コンデンサまたはバッテリの充放電量を監視し、所定の充電量でスイッチング電源の1次側の動作を停止させ、所定の放電量でスイッチング電源の1次側を動作させる充放電量監視手段とを具備したことを特徴とするスイッチング電源。A light load detecting means for monitoring a load, a capacitor or a battery connected to the secondary side of the switching power supply, and a light load detecting means connected between the capacitor or the battery and the load when the light load is detected by a command signal from the light load detecting means; A voltage conversion means for supplying power to the load when turned on, and a charge signal for discharging the capacitor or the battery when the load is turned on at a light load by a command signal from the light load detection means, and a switching power supply for the switching power supply at a predetermined charge amount; A switching power supply, comprising: charge / discharge amount monitoring means for stopping the operation of the primary side and operating the primary side of the switching power supply with a predetermined discharge amount.
JP05641399A 1999-03-04 1999-03-04 Switching power supply Expired - Fee Related JP3591361B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP05641399A JP3591361B2 (en) 1999-03-04 1999-03-04 Switching power supply

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP05641399A JP3591361B2 (en) 1999-03-04 1999-03-04 Switching power supply

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2000253662A JP2000253662A (en) 2000-09-14
JP3591361B2 true JP3591361B2 (en) 2004-11-17

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4644950B2 (en) * 2001-01-16 2011-03-09 大平電子株式会社 Switching power supply

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