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JP3570505B2 - 互いに変位可能な3つの部分をもつインプラント可能な義肢 - Google Patents

互いに変位可能な3つの部分をもつインプラント可能な義肢 Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3570505B2
JP3570505B2 JP2000569740A JP2000569740A JP3570505B2 JP 3570505 B2 JP3570505 B2 JP 3570505B2 JP 2000569740 A JP2000569740 A JP 2000569740A JP 2000569740 A JP2000569740 A JP 2000569740A JP 3570505 B2 JP3570505 B2 JP 3570505B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
prosthesis
joint head
shaft
intermediate disk
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP2000569740A
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English (en)
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JP2003517337A (ja
Inventor
クロプフ・フィリップ
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Argomedical AG
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Argomedical AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19841612A external-priority patent/DE19841612A1/de
Application filed by Argomedical AG filed Critical Argomedical AG
Publication of JP2003517337A publication Critical patent/JP2003517337A/ja
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    • A61F2250/0089Identification means; Administration of patients coded with symbols, e.g. dots, numbers, letters, words
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    • A61F2250/0096Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers
    • A61F2250/0097Visible markings, e.g. indicia

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、互いに変位可能なつの部分をもつインプラント可能な義肢、特に人間の上腕の上端用の義肢であって、上腕骨通路に挿入可能なシャフトと、隣接する関節窩に組み合わされ、シャフトの中心軸に対し偏心してシャフトの端面に連結可能なドーム型ジョイントヘッドとを備え、そのジョイントヘッドにおける連結が、円形の外周をもち、ジョイントヘッドとシャフトの両方の穴に挿入可能なインサートピンを有する中間ディスクによってなされるものを対象とする
【0002】
【従来の技術】
この種の関節義肢は、EP 0 549 480 A1から知ることができる。一つの中央インサートピンが中間ディスクの両側から突き出ている。ヘッド側のインサートピンに対してジョイントヘッドに偏心した穴、ならびに、そのまわりに軸に平行で穴および中間ディスクの両者に連結する固定ピンを受け入れるための小さい穴のリングが設けられている。ジョイントまたは上腕ヘッドの変位は段階的に行なわれ、したがってあらゆる状況に関与するファクタに適応することはできない。さらに、肩関節義肢の構造は、切断軸(section axes)または切除軸(resection axes)を変位させることができない。
【0003】
EP 0 712 617 A1もまた関節義肢を記載し、そのシャフトの中で関節ヘッドがボールジョイントにより支持されている。これもまた関節ヘッドの微調整を可能にはし得ない。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記公知の技術に鑑みて、発明者は、義肢に連結すべき人骨の個々の解剖学的な構成に適用する際に、微調整も問題なく行うことのできる、この明細書の冒頭に述べられた義肢をデザインすることを目的にした。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この目的は、独立請求項の教示により果たされる。従属請求項は、有利な改善を記載する。さらに、本発明の範囲は、明細書、図面および/または請求項に開示された構成の少なくとも2つのあらゆる組み合わせを包含する。
【0006】
本発明によれば、互いに変位可能な部分は、つの変位面において互いに軸まわりに無段的に変位可能なように設けられ、インサートピンの一つは、中間ディスクの軸に対して径方向に間隔をあけて設けられることが望ましい。
【0007】
これらの対策によりシャフトとジョイントヘッド−または他のインプラント義肢から適宜変位すべき2つの部分−は、互いに当該端面において、またはそれに平行に変位することができる。
【0008】
本発明の別の構成によれば、中間ディスク−隣接部分の一つの開口と同じ形の開口に挿入可能な−は、ジョイントヘッドの連結面に偏心して形成された該当の開口に−中間ディスクの中央に設けられた−インサートピンを用いて固定される。別の−偏心して設けられた−インサートピンは、シャフトの端面に組み合わされる。連結面は、さらに義肢の2つの変位面の一つを決定する。他の平面はシャフトの端面にある。
【0009】
中間ディスクの直径は、ジョイントヘッドの直径の1/2にほぼ相当し、中間ディスクの高さについては、そのインサートピンの該当高さにほぼ相当するのが望ましいことが実証された。この目的に対し、中間ディスクの高さは、その直径のほぼ1/3に等しく、中間ディスクの直径に対して約1:2.5と1:3.0との間の比を示すピン径をもつことが望ましい。さらに、中間ディスクの軸から偏心したインサートピンの径方向の間隔は、ピン径の1/2にほぼ一致すべきである。
【0010】
本発明によるジョイントヘッドの連結面は、両側にインサートピンを備えた中間ディスクの挿入のために、連結面の軸から変位した浅い開口をもつことが明らかである。中間ディスクの2つのインサートピンは、互いに径方向に変位し、ジョイントヘッドがシャフトに関して無段的に変位することを可能にする。
【0011】
インサートピンは、盲穴の中に圧入嵌合することが好ましい。例えばピンは、環状圧入領域を備えることが可能であり、その高さはピンの高さの1/10で充分であるが、それ以上であることも可能である。
【0012】
別の実施形態においては、インサートピンはわずかにテーパをもつ(先細になる)こともできる。インサートピンがテーパをもつことにより、円柱状の盲穴への着座も保障される。
【0013】
本発明の別の構成によれば、中間ディスクの位置は、ジョイントヘッドまたはシャフトにそれぞれ中間ディスクを組み込むことにより固定される。
【0014】
本発明の特定の実施形態においては、インサートピンの直径は、1から9mmの間、好ましくは3から7mmの間とすることができる。このために、中間ディスク(偏心ディスクともいう)の直径は、10から35mmの間、好ましくは12から30mmの間であり、厚みは、2から8mmの間、好ましくは3から7mmの間である。
【0015】
前記のサイズを用いることにより、インプラント可能な義肢のドーム型ジョイントヘッドの中間ディスクのための浅い開口は、ジョイントヘッドの中心軸から最大10mm、好ましくは最大8mm変位する時に有利であることが実証された。
【0016】
本発明による、3つの互いに変位可能な部分の組み合わせは、別の種類のインプラント可能な義肢にも用いることができる。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のその他の長所、構成および詳細は、好ましい実施形態の下記の記述および図面を参照することにより明らかとなる。
【0018】
人間の肩関節(図示されず)のための義肢は、シャフト12を含み、その端面14の中心軸Mは、シャフト12の長軸Aに対して45°の角度Wだけ傾く。シャフト12の最大長さは125mmであり、端面14の幅bは約14mmであり、その長さeは約23mmである。図2から知ることのできる端面14の長軸Aに直角に交叉する平面内への突出長さ は、この時27.3mmである。
【0019】
端面14の中心軸Mは、端面において、円錐端17をもち、約7mmの直径の盲穴16の位置を決定する。11mmの幅のシャフトの自由端−適切なベース表面18において終わっている−の反対側では、シャフト14のヘッド領域22は長さeまたはeに増大する。端面14の上部のわずかに丸められた狭いエッジ15(図5)、シャフトの側辺24の延長線に対し、軸Aに平行に約25mmの長さa でシャフトに設けられた傾斜領域24aによって変位し、この変位は約4.5mmの寸法hに相当する。シャフトの他の側辺26は、外側に端面14の第2の狭いエッジ15a(図3)に向かって半径r=70mmの湾曲を示す。シャフトの両側において、断面的にほぼ同じであるシャフトの領域に、この場合には約4.6mmの幅fと65mmの長さiをもつ中央の浅い溝28が延びている。
【0020】
約5.5mmの間隔kを保って、横穴30が、半径rで湾曲するシャフトの側辺26の近くのシャフト12のヘッド領域22を通過している。図2の30aに示されているのは−同様に盲穴16に対して間隔をあけて−端面14の上部の狭いエッジ15の近傍に設けることのできる別の横穴である。記号31は、ピン継手を固定するねじのための盲穴16に対する微動穴をあらわす。
【0021】
端面14の盲穴16は、20mmの直径dおよび5mmの高さn(図6)の中間または偏心ディスク34上のインサートピンもしくはペグ32−7mmの直径c (図9)で適切に丸い断面をもつ−を嵌め込むのに用いられ、前記ディスクは高さnの等しいインサートピン32、32aを用いて両側で保持される。シャフト側のインサートピン32は、偏心ディスク34の中心軸Qに対して軸に対して3mmの間隔q(図6)だけ径方向に変位しているのに対し、第2インサートピン32aは、ディスク面35(図7)から軸方向に突出している。デザイン形態により、間隔qは、1mmから10mmの間、好ましくは最高8mmとすることができる。
【0022】
図8は、ディスク面35a上にマーキングラインをもつ目盛り36であり、前記目盛りはディスクの中心Zに関して方向を定められているのに対し、図9は、アンダーカットまたはレリーフ溝39上インサートピン32に隣接する偏心ディスク34の他のディスク面35aから1.5mmの間隔nをあけて0.5mmの幅sの環状圧入領域38をもつ偏心インサートピン32を示す。偏心ディスク34は、2つのタイプのものが使用される。すなわち、一方は、端末(図示されず)に向かってわずかに先細になる両方のインサートピン32、32aに対する図示された圧入嵌合をもつもので、他方は、圧入嵌合部を全くもたないものである。前記の横方向の穴30は、シャフトのクランプ力を高めるための固定ねじ(図示されず)のためのものである。
【0023】
偏心インサートピン32aは、ドーム型の上腕またはジョイントヘッド40への連結のためのものであり、前記ヘッドは、連結面42において、インサートピン32aのための偏心盲穴46とともに、偏心ディスク34に対しその形状に合致する直径dの開口44を備える。この場合に、盲穴46の軸Qは、ジョイントヘッド40の中心軸Mに対して3mmの間隔t(図10)をあけ、ジョイントヘッド40の中心軸Mは、開口44の偏心穴46の円柱壁を通過する。この場合に、間隔tは各デザイン形態によって、1mmから10mmの間、好ましくは最高8mmの適切な範囲をもつことができる。
【0024】
ジョイントヘッド40の磨かれた表面41をもつドーム部分の高さ (図11)は、好ましくは球体の一部を形成する表面の直径長さに比例し、例えば17mmよりもいくらか長いのに対し、ジョイントヘッド40の直径d (図11)は、この場合44mmよりもいくらか大きい。
【0025】
図12に示されたように、連結面42は、また、その中心 に向かっている目盛り36aをもち、さらに開口44の縁にマーカ三角37をもつ。
【0026】
図13から17は、偏心ディスク34によって可能となる偏心によるシャフト12上のジョイントヘッド40の各種の設定位置を示し、EおよびE (図1)は、シャフト12の端面14とジョイントヘッド40の連結面42により決まり−また位置に関して互いに離れている−変位面を示し、またFおよびFは、ジョイントヘッド40のコンター40a(図10)および偏心ディスク34のコンター34a(図6)に対するコンター円をそれぞれ示す。
【0027】
図13は、この場合t=6mmの最大外側偏心を示す。偏心ディスク34およびジョイントヘッド40について、図14に示された45°の変位角y図15に示された135°の変位角yが同時に起きる回転運動により、位置は円F上にあって、単純な偏心を示す。最大内方偏心は、180°の角度変位後に図16に示されるように果たされる。
【0028】
ジィントヘッド40とは無関係に偏心ディスク34を無段的に回転する可能性は、無限に多くの位置をとることが可能であることを意味する。図17における2つの円F、Fの中にいずれかの位置を設定することが可能である。この図は完全なゼロ位置を示し、言い換えればジョイントヘッド40は、円F、Fに同心円的に配置されることを意味する。図13および16においては、シャフト12の長軸Aは対称の直線軸を形成する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】互いに分離された状態で中間ディスクに取りつけることのできるシャフトとジョイントヘッドに組み合わされた中間ディスクをもつモジュールタイプ肩関節義肢の概略側面図である。
【図2】片側端に端面をもつ図1のシャフトを示す図である。
【図3】シャフトの端面の平面図である。
【図4】図2のIV―IV断面図である。
【図5】シャフトの正面部分断面図である。
【図6】中間ディスクの側面図である。
【図7】中間ディスクの平面図である。
【図8】中間ディスクの面図である。
【図9】図6のIX部分の拡大図である。
【図10】ジョイントヘッドの平面図である。
【図11】ジョイントヘッドの側面断面図である。
【図12】別のジィントヘッドの図10に関連する拡大図である。
【図13】第1セット位置での肩関節義肢の正面図である。
【図14】互いに関連して異なるジョイントヘッドの別のセット位置での図13の肩関節義肢を示す図である。
【図15】互いに関連して異なるジョイントヘッドの別のセット位置での図13の肩関節義肢を示す図である。
【図16】互いに関連して異なるジョイントヘッドの別のセット位置での図13の肩関節義肢を示す図である。
【図17】互いに関連して異なるジョイントヘッドの別のセット位置での図13の肩関節義肢を示す図である。

Claims (19)

  1. 特に人間の上腕の上端のための、3つの互いに変位可能な部分をもつインプラント可能な義肢であって、
    前記上腕の骨の通路に挿入可能なシャフト(12)と、
    隣接する関節窩に組み合わされ、前記シャフトの中心軸(M)に対し偏心して前記シャフトの端面(14)に連結可能なドーム型ジョイントヘッド(40)とを備え、
    前記ジョイントヘッドにおける連結は、円形の外周(34a)をもち、前記ジョイントヘッドとシャフトの両方の穴(16、46)に挿入可能なインサートピン(32、32a)を有する中間ディスク(34)によってなされ、
    前記ジョイントヘッドの盲穴(46)の軸(Q )は、ジョイントヘッドの中心軸(M )に対して間隔をあけて設けられ、
    前記互いに変位可能な部分(12、34、40)が、前記シャフト(12)、ジョイントヘッド(40)および中間ディスク(34)であって、シャフトおよびジョイントヘッドの各端面(14、42)によって決定される2つの変位面(E、E1)において前記中間ディスク(34)の前記インサートピン(32、32a)により決定される軸(M、M1:Q、Q1)のまわりに互いに無段的に変位可能なように設けられる義肢。
  2. 請求項1において、
    前記インサートピン(32、32a)の少なくとも一つが、前記中間ディスク(34)の軸(Q)に対して径方向に間隔(q)をあけて設けられる義肢。
  3. 請求項1または2において、
    前記中間ディスク(34)が、隣接する部分(12、40)の一つにおいて、ほぼ対応する開口(44)に挿入可能であり、
    前記中間ディスク(34)が、その中央に取り付けられたインサートピン(32a)で前記盲穴(46)をもつ開口(44)に挿入され、その開口が、前記中央に取り付けられたインサートピンの形状に前記盲穴(46)において合致し、前記ジョイントヘッド(40)の端面である連結面(42)において偏心して形成され、他の偏心して取り付けられたインサートピン(32)が前記シャフト(12)の端面(14)に組み合わされる義肢。
  4. 請求項3において、
    前記連結面(42)が前記義肢の変位面(E1)となる義肢。
  5. 請求項2または3において、
    前記中間ディスク(34)の直径(d)が前記ジョイントヘッド(40)の直径(d)の1/2にほぼ合致し、前記中間ディスクの高さ(n)が前記インサートピン(32、32a)の各ピン高さにほぼ合致する義肢。
  6. 請求項5において、
    前記中間ディスク(34)の高さ(n)がその直径(d)の1/3にほぼ合致する義肢。
  7. 請求項5または6において、
    前記中間ディスク(34)の直径(d)に対して、前記インサートピン(32、32a)のピン径( )が約1:2.5から1:3.0の間の比をもつ義肢。
  8. 請求項2ないし7のいずれかにおいて、
    前記中間ディスク(34)の軸(Q)から偏心して設けられたインサートピン(32)の径方向の間隔(q)が、ピン径( )のほぼ1/2に合致する義肢。
  9. 請求項1ないし8のいずれかにおいて、
    前記インサートピン(32、32a)が環状圧入領域(38)をもつ義肢。
  10. 請求項9において、
    前記圧入領域(38)の高さ(s)が前記ピン高さ(n)の1/10から3/10の間にほぼ合致する義肢。
  11. 請求項1ないし10のいずれかにおいて、
    円柱状の盲穴(16、46)のための前記インサートピン(32、32a)が、前記中間ディスクから遠ざかるにつれ円錐状に先細になっている義肢。
  12. 請求項1ないし11のいずれかにおいて、
    前記インサートピン(32、32a)の直径が、1から9mmの間である義肢。
  13. 請求項1から12のいずれかにおいて、
    盲穴(16、46)での微動ねじのための微動穴(31)が設けられている義肢。
  14. 請求項1ないし13のいずれかにおいて、
    前記中間ディスク(34)の直径(d)が、10から35mmの間である義肢。
  15. 請求項1ないし14のいずれかにおいて、
    前記ジョイントヘッド(40)における中間ディスク(34)に対する浅い開口(44)が、ジョイントヘッドの中心軸(M)から最高10mmだけ変位している義肢。
  16. 請求項1ないし15のいずれかにおいて、
    前記中間ディスク(34)のディスク表面(35)および/または前記ジョイントヘッド(40)の連結面(42)に、回転の方向に沿って目盛り(36、36a)が設けられている義肢。
  17. 肘、膝または股関節義肢として使用される請求項1ないし16のいずれかに記載のシャフト(12)、ジョイントヘッド(40)および中間ディスク(34)の組合せからなる義肢
  18. 手、または足関節義肢として使用される請求項1ないし16のいずれかに記載のシャフト(12)、ジョイントヘッド(40)および中間ディスク(34)の組合せからなる義肢
  19. 脊柱ディスク義肢として使用される請求項1ないし16のいずれかに記載のシャフト(12)、ジョイントヘッド(40)および中間ディスク(34)の組合せからなる義肢
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US6719799B1 (en) 2004-04-13
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DE59907882D1 (de) 2004-01-08
JP2003517337A (ja) 2003-05-27
KR100459673B1 (ko) 2004-12-04
EP1112049B1 (de) 2003-11-26
KR20010082199A (ko) 2001-08-29
ATE254893T1 (de) 2003-12-15

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