JP3569861B2

JP3569861B2 - Construction method of stairs and staircase, staircase support device, and staircase structure

Info

Publication number: JP3569861B2
Application number: JP20498698A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 精文横森
Original assignee: 株式会社横森製作所
Priority date: 1998-07-21
Filing date: 1998-07-21
Publication date: 2004-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2018-07-21
Also published as: CN1242460A; KR100305141B1; HK1025372A1; JP2000038841A; KR20000010491A; CN1088491C

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、鉄筋コンクリート造や鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート造などのコンクリート構造物における階段室に囲まれた階段を躯体の構築に先行して構築する階段と階段室の構築方法及びこの構築方法に使用する階段の支持装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、鉄筋コンクリート造や鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート造などのコンクリート構造物において、躯体の構築作業に作業階段として利用できるように、本設の階段を躯体の構築に先行して架設する工法が種々提案されていた。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記従来の工法において、階段室の構築用に階段上に簡易足場を組み足場板を仮設して構築していた。この場合、階段上を簡易足場が占め、有効な作業空間を確保できない場合も生じる問題点があった。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
然るに、この発明は、階段室に埋設予定の支持柱に、階段を架設する受け梁を固定したので、前記問題点を解決した。
【０００５】
即ちこの発明は、コンクリート構造物における階段室内に鉄骨階段が設けられた階段と階段室とを構築する方法において、コンクリートが打設された基準階のスラブの上方で、直上階のコンクリート躯体の構築に先行して、構築予定の階段室壁内に埋設される位置に少なくとも１階分の高さを有する支持柱を、並列して立設すると共に、該支持柱間に、鉄骨階段の端部を支持できる受け梁を上下に並列して連結固定し、前記支持柱間で、受け梁間の高さに、仮設梁を取付け、前記受け梁間に鉄骨階段を架設固定して前記スラブ上に所定階分の階段を構築し、前記仮設梁と前記受け梁との間又は仮設梁と鉄骨階段との間に、作業用の足場板を仮設し、前記鉄骨階段及び足場板を使って階段室壁の配筋及び型枠工事をしてコンクリートを打設して階段室を構築する構築方法であって、前記仮設梁は、前記支持柱に固定した取付部材を介して、構築予定の前記階段室壁の表面より階段側に露出する位置に構築し、前記階段室構築後に、前記支持柱の取付部材から取り外すことを特徴とする階段と階段室の構築方法である。
【０００６】
また、この発明は、構築予定の階段室壁内に埋設できる少なくとも１階分の高さを有する並列した支持柱間に、鉄骨階段の端部を固定して該鉄骨階段を架設できる受け梁を上下に並列して架設固定して、前記支持柱間で、前記受け梁間の中間高さに取付部材を介して、取り外し可能に仮設梁を取付け、前記仮設梁は構築予定の階段室壁の表面より階段側に露出させたことを特徴とする階段の支持装置である。更に、前記において、上下に隣接する受け梁間にブレースを取り外し可能に取付けてなり、前記ブレースの上下端部は、受け梁の両端部から所定距離宛て内方に位置させてなり、該所定距離を足場板を載置して作業者が通過できる距離としたことを特徴とする階段の支持装置である。
【０００７】
前記における階段室は、階段の四周に壁を有する階段室の他、少なくとも対向する２面（階段の進行方向の２面、又は進行方向に直角な方向の２面）に壁を有する構造の階段室を含む。また、壁には出入用等の開口が設けられていても可能である。
【０００８】
【実施の態様】
コンクリートが打設されたスラブ上で、構築予定の階段室のフロア側に、並列して立設した支持柱１０、１０に、受け梁１２、１２を固定し、受け梁１２、１２間に仮設梁１７、１７を仮止めし、両梁１２、１７間にブレースを取付ける。以上のようにして、支持枠１４を構成する。同様に、フロア側の壁に対向する踊り場側の壁に埋設できる同様構造の支持枠１５を構築して、支持枠１４、１５から支持装置２４とする。
【０００９】
続いて、両支持枠１４、１５の受け梁１２、１２間に鉄骨階段８を仮設する。仮設梁１７と鉄骨階段８（又は受け梁１２）との間に作業用の足場板２８、２９を仮設する。鉄骨階段８及び足場板２８、２９を使用して、階段室を含めた躯体構築用の為の作業通路として使用できる。
【００１０】
従来同様に、階段室壁の配筋及び型枠を構築した後で、コンクリートを打設して、コンクリート固化発現後、型枠と共にブレース２１を取り外せば、階段室壁内に、支持柱１０及び受け梁１２は埋設される。
【００１１】
足場板２８、２９を取り外す際に、仮設梁１７も取り外し、階段及び階段室が構築される。
【００１２】
【実施例１】
図面に基づきこの発明の実施例を説明する。
【００１３】
（１）鉄骨階段の構成
【００１４】
この発明の実施に使用する鉄骨階段８は、階段部１と踊り場２とからなる下階段３と、階段部４と踊り場５とからなる上階段６と、により１階分の階段を構成する。前記踊り場２と踊り場５とから中間踊り場７を構成する（図１）。下階段３の階段部１の下端１ａが基準階のフロアに配置され、上階段６の階段部４の上端４ｂが基準階の直上の階のフロアに配置される。
【００１５】
（２）階段の仮設装置の構成
【００１６】
構築予定の階段室の隅部に配置して埋設できる所定高さ（構築予定のの階段室壁の高さ程度）の２本の支持柱（間柱）１０、１０を並列して立設して、両支持柱１０、１０間で、構築予定の鉄骨階段の端部を係止する位置に夫々、受け梁１２の両端部１３、１３を固定する。以上のようにして、階段室のフロア側の壁に埋設できる支持枠１４を構成する（図３（ａ））。
【００１７】
同様に、フロア側の壁に対向する踊り場側の壁に埋設できる支持枠１５も、２本の支持柱１０、１０間に、構築予定の階段の中間踊り場端部を係止する位置に、夫々受け梁１２の両端部１３、１３を固定して、支持枠１５を構成する（図３（ｂ））。
【００１８】
また、前記両支持枠１４、１５の両支持柱１０、１０であって、上下に隣接する受け梁１２、１２の中間高さに、フランジ１８ａを有する取付け部材１６、１６を夫々固定する。前記フランジ１８、１８間に、両端部にフランジ１８、１８を有する仮設梁１７を配置し、フランジ１８、１８ａ同志をボルトナットで固定する。フランジ１８、１８ａ位置は、構築予定の階段室壁の階段側の表面に対応させてある。また、前記支持枠１４の仮設梁１７は、支持枠１５の対応する受け梁（中間踊り場）１２の高さにあり、前記支持枠１５の仮設梁１７は、支持枠１４の対応する受け梁（フロア）１２の高さにある（図３（ａ）（ｂ））。
【００１９】
また、前記受け梁１２の端部１３、１３には、構築予定の階段室壁の表面に対応させて塞ぎ板２０、２０が固定してある（図４（ａ）（ｂ））。前記各受け梁１２、１２は通常、型鋼を使用しており、受け梁１２がコンクリート打設用の壁型枠を貫通するので、該部での型枠加工を容易とする為に、前記塞ぎ板２０が設けられている。
【００２０】
また、支持枠１４、１５の上下に隣接する受け梁１２と仮設梁１７との間にブレース２１、２１を交叉して取付ける（図３、図４、図５）。ブレース２１はターンバックル（図示していない）が介装され、前記ブレース２１の長さを調整可能としてある。尚、支持枠１５では、上側に受け梁１２、下側に仮設梁１７を有するフレームＣのみにブレースを設け、荷重負担が少ない他のフレームにはブレース２１を省略してあるが（図３（ｂ））、全フレームにブレース２１を設けることもできる（図示していない）。
【００２１】
また、ブレース２１の端部２２は、両梁１２、１７の両端部側の構築予定の階段室壁の表面から夫々距離Ｌだけ離して取付けてある（図４（ａ）、図５（ａ））。ここで、距離Ｌは、該部に、足場板を載置して、作業者が通路として該部を通過できる距離であり、作業の安全上は通常は５０ｃｍ程度は必要であるが、足場板を１枚宛載置するためには最低３０ｃｍ程度あればよい。
【００２２】
以上のようにして、この発明の階段の支持装置２４を構成する（図２、図３）。
【００２３】
前記における支持柱１０は、輸送等の都合により所定長さ（通常３〜４ｍ程度。通常は階高に対応させる）毎に分解可能としてあり、結合端部にフランジ１１、１１を固定してある（図３（ａ）（ｂ））。また、分解された位置では当然、ブレース２１も外してある。尚、分割した支持柱１０、受け梁１２、仮設梁１７、ブレース２１を部品として、構築現場に搬入して、ボルトナットで組立てて支持装置２４を構築することもできる。
【００２４】
また、前記において、支持柱１０は、階段室壁に埋設できる断面形状としてあるが、壁用鉄筋を複配筋とする場合には、壁厚方向で、両鉄筋間に納まるような断面形状とする。例えば、壁厚Ｄの場合には、鉄筋の口径約１．５ｃｍ×２本、鉄筋のかぶり厚さ約３ｃｍ×２ヶ所を加味し、壁厚さ方向で「Ｄ−９ｃｍ」以下の部分に納まるような断面形状を必要とする。好ましくは、壁の施工精度などを考慮して「Ｄ−１２ｃｍ」以下とすることが望ましい。例えば、壁厚１８ｃｍの場合は、支持柱１０の断面の壁厚方向の長さは、最低９ｃｍ以下で、好ましくは６ｃｍ以下となる。また、単配筋の場合にも、同様に鉄筋径とかぶり厚さを考慮して壁配筋に支障がないような断面形状とする。
【００２５】
また、前記において、支持枠１４、１５にブレース２１を使用したので、支持柱１０、１０の必要な断面形状を小さくでき、階段室壁内に容易に埋設できる形状とすることができる。また、支持柱１０の断面形状を大きなものが埋設でき、所定の強度を確保できれば、ブレースは省略することもできる。
【００２６】
（３）階段の構築方法
【００２７】
(a) コンクリートの打設が完了した基準階スラブ２６上に、支持装置（支持枠）２４を立設して、支持柱１０、１０を基準階スラブ２６（又は下階の支持柱の上端）２６に固定する。前記支持装置２４は、通常１階分の鉄骨階段が構築できる高さまで立設しておく（図９（ａ））。尚、支持装置２４の立設は、１階以上であれば、現場での施工手順に応じて、２階あるいは３階以上とすることもでき、適当な支持ができれば全階分（図３では６階分）をまとめて、構築することもできる。また、ここで、取り付けられた支持柱１０の上端の連結用のフランジ１１位置は、構築予定のスラブ３５より上方に突出させてある（図９（ａ））。
【００２８】
この場合、ブレース２１を取付けると共に、各ブレース２１のターンバックルを用いて支持枠１４、１５が所定の寸法となるように調整する。
【００２９】
(b) 続いて、支持装置２４の支持枠１４の受け梁１２と支持枠１５の受け梁１２との間に、順に鉄骨階段８を架設固定して、踊り場２、５を互いに固定して中間踊り場７を形成する。また、一番下の下階段３の階段部１の下縁１ａは基準階スラブ２６（または既設の下階の受け梁１２）に固定する（図９（ｂ））。また、必要ならば、各ブレース２１、２１のターンバックルを調整する。
【００３０】
尚、支持装置２４の組立てに際して、通常の方法と同様に、仮締めして所定の歪み取りをした後で、本締めする。
【００３１】
また、前記の支持装置２４の構築に際して、分割した支持柱１０、受け梁１２、仮設梁１７、ブレース２１を部品として、構築現場に搬入して、ボルトナットで組立てて支持装置２４を構築することもできる。この際、各部品は小断面で軽量とすることができるので、特別な重機を使用することなく作業をすることもできる。
【００３２】
(c) また、支持枠１４の仮設梁１７の端部１７ａと中間踊り場７との間に作業用の足場板２８を仮設して、仮止めする。同様に、支持枠１５の仮設梁１７の端部１７ａとフロア（下階段３の階段部１の下端部１ａ、上階段６の階段部４の上端部４ｂ）の間に作業用の足場板２８を仮設して、仮止めする。
【００３３】
ここで、足場板２８の一端部が鉄骨階段８の下面側に配置される部分では、鉄骨階段８から、該一端部を吊り上げて支持する。また、足場板２８の中間部等でたわみが生じる部分でも鉄骨階段８から吊り上げて支持する（図９（ｂ））。
【００３４】
また、仮設梁１７側では、足場板２８、２８間に直接に、あるいは足場板２８と仮設梁１７の中間部との間に斜めに、足場板２９を仮設する（図６、図７）。
【００３５】
尚、足場板２８は階段の周縁側（階段室側）に設ける（図７、図６）。
【００３６】
(d) 続いて、基準階スラブ２６上に、階段室壁用の鉄筋・型枠を構築すると共に躯体の他の部分を構築する為のコンクリート型枠、鉄筋を構築する。この際、鉄骨階段８の上下階段３、６を作業用・材料搬送用の通路として利用できる。
【００３７】
また、足場板２８及び鉄骨階段８を階段室の壁の構築用に利用できる。
【００３８】
この際、階段室壁の型枠、鉄筋の構築にあたり、従来の作業方法で構築することができ、作業者に、特別の技術習得は不要であると共に、安全に作業ができる。また、鉄骨階段８、８は支持枠１４、１５でのみ支持するので、階段室の側壁３３とは接合する必要がないので、壁型枠を押さえる為のパイプサポートの組立も従来と同様の作業で行うことができる。とりわけ、縦方向のパイプサポートや型枠は階段があるものの、該部で分断されることなく、上下方向に通して支持できる。
【００３９】
また、前述のように、受け梁１２の端部１３、１３は階段室の側壁３３用の内型枠を貫通するが、塞ぎ板２０により、貫通部分の型枠加工作業を簡略化できる。
【００４０】
(e) 続いて、型枠内にコンクリートを打設して、コンクリートが固化発現後に型枠や各種サポート類を取り外し、これ以降、ブレース２１、２１も取り外すことができる。ただし、ブレース２１の取り外し時期は、現場作業や、支持装置の強度などに応じてて適宜時期に行うことがきる。尚、ブレース２１は、仮設梁１７と共に階段室壁に埋設することもできる（図示していない）。
【００４１】
以上のようにして、次階のスラブ３５（フロア）が構築される（図９（ｃ））。また、フロア側の壁３１、中間踊り場側の壁３２及び側壁３３からなる階段室３０も構築される。支持柱１０、１０は側壁３３内に埋設される（図７、図８）。
【００４２】
(f) 続いて、上記と同様に、更に次階の型枠・鉄筋を組み立て、次階のスラブ３６を構築する（図９（ｃ））。この際、支持枠１４、１５の支持柱１０は、フランジ１１、１１を互いに連結して上方に立設される。
【００４３】
(g) また、階段室壁３１、３２、３３の仕上げ工事も、鉄骨階段８及び仮設梁１７に取付けた足場２８、２９を利用して行う。足場板２８、２９を取り外す際に、フランジ１８、１８ａで、仮設梁１７も取り外す。
【００４４】
以上のようにして、階段及び階段室の構築を完了する。
【００４５】
前記実施例において、鉄骨階段８の構成は他の構成とすることもできる。例えば、上下階段３、６において、フロア側にも踊り場を連結した構造とすることもできる。また、階段部１と踊り場２と（階段部４と踊り場５と）を更に分離した構造とすることもできる。また、折り返し階段とせずに、直進する階段とすることもできる（いずれも図示していない）。
【００４６】
【発明の効果】
階段室に埋設予定の支持柱に、階段を架設する受け梁を固定し、さらに仮設梁を取り外し可能に取付けたので、躯体の構築に先行して、本設の階段を構築できるので、コンクリート構造物の構築を安全かつ効率化できる効果がある。また、支持柱を階段室壁に、壁配筋に支障がない断面形状として埋設するので、支持柱は躯体構築まで鉄骨階段を支持できれば良いので、支持柱の断面形状を小さくでき、支持装置を軽量化できるので、搬送設置等の作業効率を高める効果がある。
【００４７】
また、仮設梁を設けたので、仮設梁に作業用の足場板を仮設でき、鉄骨階段上の仮設物を大幅に削減でき、更に作業の安全を確保すると共に効率を高めることができる効果がある。更に仮設梁を着脱可能とすれば、階段室壁構築後に仮設梁を取り外すこともでき、上方階用の作業に取り外した仮設梁を利用できる。
【００４８】
また、支持装置にブレースを使用した場合には、更に支持柱の断面形状を小さくでき、容易に階段室壁内に支持柱を埋設できる。更に、ブレースの上下端部を、受け梁の両端部から所定距離宛て内方に位置させた場合には、支持柱とブレースとの間に作業空間を確保でき、更に作業効率を高めることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施例に使用する鉄骨階段で、（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は正面図である。
【図２】この発明の実施例で、支持装置の平面図である。
【図３】（ａ）（ｂ）は同じく支持装置を構成する支持枠の正面図である。
【図４】同じく支持装置の受け梁で、（ａ）は拡大正面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ線における断面図である。
【図５】同じく支持装置の仮設梁で、（ａ）は拡大正面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＢ−Ｂ線における断面図である。
【図６】この発明の支持装置に鉄骨階段及び足場板を架設した状態の概略した斜視図である。
【図７】この発明により構築途中の階段及び階段室の拡大平面図である。
【図８】この発明により構築したコンクリート打設後の階段及び階段室の拡大平面図である。
【図９】（ａ）乃至（ｃ）は、この発明の構築方法を説明する概略した正面図である。
【符号の説明】
３下階段
６上階段
７中間踊り場
８鉄骨階段
１０支持柱
１２受け梁
１４支持枠
１５支持枠
１６取付部材
１７仮設梁
２０塞ぎ板
２１ブレース
２４支持装置
２６基準階スラブ
２８足場板
２９足場板
３０階段室
３１フロア側壁
３２踊り場側壁
３３側壁
３５次階スラブ
３６次々階スラブ[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of constructing a staircase and a staircase for constructing a staircase surrounded by a staircase in a concrete structure such as a reinforced concrete structure or a steel-framed reinforced concrete structure prior to construction of a skeleton, and supporting a staircase used in the construction method. Equipment related.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in concrete structures such as reinforced concrete structures and steel-framed reinforced concrete structures, various construction methods have been proposed in which a main staircase is erected prior to construction of a skeleton so as to be used as a work stair for construction work of the skeleton.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned conventional construction method, a simple scaffold is assembled on a stair and a scaffold plate is temporarily provided for construction of a staircase. In this case, there is a problem that a simple scaffold occupies the stairs and an effective working space cannot be secured.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
However, the present invention has solved the above-mentioned problem, because the receiving beam for erection of the stairs is fixed to the support pillar to be buried in the staircase.
[0005]
That the present invention is a method of constructing the stairs and staircase to the staircase chamber steel stairs provided in concrete structures, concrete reference floor that is pouring over the slab, immediately above floor concrete skeleton Prior to the construction, support columns having a height of at least one floor are erected in parallel at a position to be buried in a wall of a staircase room to be constructed, and an end of a steel stair is provided between the support columns. A supporting beam that can support the part is connected and fixed in parallel up and down, a temporary beam is attached between the supporting columns at the height between the receiving beams, and a steel stair is erected between the receiving beams and fixed on the slab. A stair for a story is constructed, and a scaffold for work is temporarily provided between the temporary beam and the receiving beam or between the temporary beam and a steel stair, and a staircase wall is provided using the steel stair and the scaffold. Concrete reinforcement after rebar and formwork construction A construction method for constructing a staircase, wherein the temporary beam is constructed via a mounting member fixed to the support column, at a position exposed from a surface of the staircase wall to be constructed to a staircase side, and the staircase is constructed. It is a construction method of a staircase and a staircase room, wherein the staircase and the staircase are detached from a mounting member of the support column after the room is constructed.
[0006]
In addition, the present invention provides a receiving beam that can fix an end of a steel frame stair and mount the steel frame stair between parallel supporting columns having a height of at least one floor that can be buried in a wall of a staircase to be constructed. A temporary beam is removably attached between the support columns at an intermediate height between the receiving beams via a mounting member, and the temporary beam is mounted on the surface of the staircase wall to be constructed. This is a stair support device characterized by being exposed to a more stair side. Further, in the above, the brace is detachably attached between the vertically adjacent receiving beams, and the upper and lower ends of the brace are located inward at predetermined distances from both ends of the receiving beam, and the predetermined distance is set. A stair support device characterized in that the scaffold is placed on the stair plate so that an operator can pass the scaffold plate.
[0007]
The staircase room described above is a staircase having a structure having walls on at least two opposing surfaces (two surfaces in the traveling direction of the stairs or two surfaces in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction), in addition to the staircase rooms having walls on the four circumferences of the stairs. Including rooms. It is also possible that the wall is provided with an opening for entrance and the like.
[0008]
Embodiment
On the slab on which the concrete is cast, the receiving beams 12, 12 are fixed to the supporting columns 10, 10, which are erected in parallel on the floor side of the staircase to be constructed, and are temporarily installed between the receiving beams 12, 12. The beams 17, 17 are temporarily fixed, and a brace is attached between the beams 12, 17. The support frame 14 is configured as described above. Similarly, a support frame 15 having the same structure that can be embedded in the landing-side wall facing the floor-side wall is constructed, and the support frames 14 and 15 are used as the support device 24.
[0009]
Subsequently, the steel frame stairs 8 are temporarily provided between the receiving beams 12 of the support frames 14 and 15. Scaffolding plates 28 and 29 for work are temporarily provided between the temporary beam 17 and the steel frame stair 8 (or the receiving beam 12). The steel stairs 8 and the scaffolding plates 28 and 29 can be used as a work passage for building a frame including a staircase.
[0010]
In the same manner as in the prior art, after the reinforcement of the staircase wall and the formwork are constructed, concrete is poured, and after the concrete solidification is developed, the brace 21 is removed together with the formwork. The receiving beam 12 is buried.
[0011]
When removing the scaffolding plates 28, 29, the temporary beams 17 are also removed, and the stairs and the staircase are constructed.
[0012]
Embodiment 1
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0013]
(1) Configuration of steel frame stairs
A steel staircase 8 used in the embodiment of the present invention forms a first-floor staircase by a lower staircase 3 including a staircase 1 and a landing 2 and an upper staircase 6 including a staircase 4 and a landing 5. The intermediate landing 7 is composed of the landing 2 and the landing 5 (FIG. 1). The lower end 1a of the stair portion 1 of the lower staircase 3 is arranged on the floor of the reference floor, and the upper end 4b of the stair portion 4 of the upper staircase 6 is arranged on the floor immediately above the reference floor.
[0015]
(2) Configuration of temporary staircase device
Two support pillars (studs) 10 and 10 having a predetermined height (about the height of the staircase wall to be constructed) that can be disposed and buried at the corner of the staircase to be constructed are erected in parallel. Then, the both ends 13, 13 of the receiving beam 12 are fixed at positions where the ends of the steel frame steps to be constructed are locked between the two support columns 10, 10, respectively. As described above, the support frame 14 that can be embedded in the floor-side wall of the staircase is configured (FIG. 3A).
[0017]
Similarly, the support frame 15 that can be embedded in the landing-side wall facing the floor-side wall is also positioned between the two support pillars 10 and 10 at a position where the intermediate landing end of the stairs to be constructed is locked. The support frame 15 is formed by fixing both ends 13 of the receiving beam 12 (FIG. 3B).
[0018]
Attachment members 16, 16 having a flange 18a are fixed to the support columns 10, 10 of the support frames 14, 15, respectively, at the intermediate height of the vertically adjacent receiving beams 12, 12. A temporary beam 17 having flanges 18 at both ends is disposed between the flanges 18 and 18, and the flanges 18 and 18a are fixed with bolts and nuts. The positions of the flanges 18 and 18a correspond to the surface of the staircase wall to be constructed on the staircase side. The temporary beam 17 of the support frame 14 is at the height of the corresponding receiving beam (intermediate landing) 12 of the support frame 15, and the temporary beam 17 of the support frame 15 is located at the height of the corresponding receiving beam ( (Floor) 12 (FIGS. 3A and 3B).
[0019]
In addition, closing plates 20 and 20 are fixed to the ends 13 and 13 of the receiving beam 12 so as to correspond to the surface of the wall of the staircase to be constructed (FIGS. 4A and 4B). Each of the receiving beams 12, 12 is usually made of a mold steel, and the receiving beam 12 penetrates a wall formwork for concrete casting. A plate 20 is provided.
[0020]
Also, braces 21, 21 are crossed and attached between the receiving beam 12 and the temporary beam 17, which are vertically adjacent to the support frames 14, 15, (FIGS. 3, 4, and 5). The brace 21 is provided with a turnbuckle (not shown) so that the length of the brace 21 can be adjusted. In the support frame 15, the brace is provided only on the frame C having the receiving beam 12 on the upper side and the temporary beam 17 on the lower side, and the brace 21 is omitted on the other frames having a small load load (FIG. b)), the brace 21 can be provided in all the frames (not shown).
[0021]
The ends 22 of the brace 21 are attached at a distance L from the surface of the wall of the staircase room to be constructed at both ends of both beams 12 and 17 (FIGS. 4A and 5A). ). Here, the distance L is a distance at which a scaffold plate can be placed on the part and an operator can pass through the part as a passage. Usually, about 50 cm is required for work safety. Is required to be placed at least about 30 cm.
[0022]
As described above, the stair support device 24 of the present invention is configured (FIGS. 2 and 3).
[0023]
The support column 10 described above can be disassembled for each predetermined length (usually about 3 to 4 m, usually corresponding to the floor height) for the convenience of transportation and the like, and the flanges 11 and 11 are fixed to the coupling ends. (FIGS. 3A and 3B). In addition, the brace 21 is naturally removed from the disassembled position. In addition, the support device 24 can also be constructed by carrying the divided support column 10, receiving beam 12, temporary beam 17, and brace 21 as a part to a construction site and assembling them with bolts and nuts.
[0024]
In the above description, the support pillar 10 has a cross-sectional shape that can be buried in the wall of the staircase. I do. For example, in the case of the wall thickness D, the diameter of the reinforcing bar is about 1.5 cm x 2 pieces, and the covering thickness of the reinforcing bar is about 3 cm x 2 places, and is accommodated in a portion of "D-9 cm" or less in the wall thickness direction. Such a cross-sectional shape is required. Preferably, it is desirable to set it to “D-12 cm” or less in consideration of wall construction accuracy and the like. For example, when the wall thickness is 18 cm, the length of the cross section of the support pillar 10 in the wall thickness direction is at least 9 cm or less, preferably 6 cm or less. Also, in the case of a single reinforcing bar, the cross-sectional shape is such that there is no obstacle to the wall reinforcing bar in consideration of the reinforcing bar diameter and the cover thickness.
[0025]
Further, in the above, since the braces 21 are used for the support frames 14 and 15, the required cross-sectional shape of the support columns 10 and 10 can be reduced, and the support columns 10 and 10 can be easily embedded in the staircase wall. If the support pillar 10 can be embedded with a large cross-sectional shape and a predetermined strength can be secured, the brace can be omitted.
[0026]
(3) Construction method of stairs
(a) A supporting device (supporting frame) 24 is erected on the reference floor slab 26 on which the concrete has been poured, and the support columns 10 and 10 are connected to the reference floor slab 26 (or the upper end of the lower floor support column). Fix to 26. The support device 24 is normally erected to a height at which a steel staircase for one floor can be constructed (FIG. 9A). If the support device 24 is erected on the first floor or higher, it can be on the second floor or on the third floor or more, depending on the construction procedure at the site. 6 floors) can be built together. Further, here, the position of the connecting flange 11 at the upper end of the attached support column 10 is projected above the slab 35 to be constructed (FIG. 9A).
[0028]
In this case, the brace 21 is attached, and the support frames 14 and 15 are adjusted to have predetermined dimensions by using the turnbuckles of each brace 21.
[0029]
(b) Subsequently, between the receiving beam 12 of the supporting frame 14 of the supporting device 24 and the receiving beam 12 of the supporting frame 15, the steel frame stairs 8 are erected and fixed in order, and the landings 2 and 5 are fixed to each other. The landing 7 is formed. Further, the lower edge 1a of the stair portion 1 of the lowermost lower staircase 3 is fixed to the reference floor slab 26 (or the existing lower floor receiving beam 12) (FIG. 9B). If necessary, the turnbuckles of the braces 21, 21 are adjusted.
[0030]
At the time of assembling the support device 24, as in the usual method, after temporary tightening to remove a predetermined distortion, final tightening is performed.
[0031]
In constructing the support device 24, the divided support column 10, receiving beam 12, temporary beam 17, and brace 21 are transported as parts to a construction site and assembled with bolts and nuts to construct the support device 24. You can also. At this time, since each part can be made small and light in weight, it is possible to work without using any special heavy equipment.
[0032]
(c) Further, a work scaffold plate 28 is temporarily provided between the end 17a of the temporary beam 17 of the support frame 14 and the intermediate landing 7, and is temporarily fixed. Similarly, a work scaffolding plate 28 is provided between the end 17a of the temporary beam 17 of the support frame 15 and the floor (the lower end 1a of the stair 1 of the lower stair 3 and the upper end 4b of the stair 4 of the upper stair 6). And temporarily fix it.
[0033]
Here, at a portion where one end of the scaffolding plate 28 is arranged on the lower surface side of the steel frame stair 8, the one end is lifted and supported from the steel frame stair 8. In addition, a portion where bending occurs at an intermediate portion or the like of the scaffolding plate 28 is lifted and supported from the steel frame stairs 8 (FIG. 9B).
[0034]
Further, on the temporary beam 17 side, a scaffold plate 29 is temporarily provided directly between the scaffold plates 28, 28, or obliquely between the scaffold plate 28 and an intermediate portion of the temporary beam 17 (FIGS. 6 and 7).
[0035]
The scaffolding plate 28 is provided on the periphery of the stairs (the side of the staircase) (FIGS. 7 and 6).
[0036]
(d) Subsequently, on the reference floor slab 26, a reinforcing bar and a formwork for the wall of the staircase are constructed, and a concrete formwork and a reinforcing bar for constructing other portions of the skeleton are constructed. At this time, the upper and lower stairs 3 and 6 of the steel frame stairs 8 can be used as passages for work and material conveyance.
[0037]
In addition, the scaffold plate 28 and the steel frame stairs 8 can be used for constructing the walls of the staircase room.
[0038]
In this case, when constructing the formwork and the reinforcing bar of the wall of the staircase, it is possible to construct by a conventional working method, and it is not necessary for the operator to acquire a special technique and the work can be performed safely. Also, since the steel frame stairs 8, 8 are supported only by the support frames 14, 15, there is no need to join them to the side walls 33 of the staircase, so the assembly of the pipe support for holding down the wall formwork is the same as the conventional work. Can be done with In particular, although the vertical pipe support and the formwork have stairs, they can be supported in the vertical direction without being divided by the section.
[0039]
Further, as described above, the end portions 13 and 13 of the receiving beam 12 penetrate the inner mold for the side wall 33 of the staircase. However, the closing plate 20 can simplify the work of forming the penetrating portion.
[0040]
(e) Subsequently, concrete is poured into the form, and after the concrete has solidified, the form and various supports are removed, and thereafter, the braces 21, 21 can also be removed. However, the brace 21 can be removed at an appropriate time according to the on-site work and the strength of the support device. The brace 21 can be embedded in the staircase wall together with the temporary beam 17 (not shown).
[0041]
As described above, the slab 35 (floor) on the next floor is constructed (FIG. 9C). In addition, a staircase 30 including a floor-side wall 31, an intermediate landing-side wall 32, and a side wall 33 is also constructed. The support columns 10 and 10 are embedded in the side wall 33 (FIGS. 7 and 8).
[0042]
(f) Subsequently, in the same manner as described above, the formwork and the reinforcing bar on the next floor are further assembled to construct the slab 36 on the next floor (FIG. 9C). At this time, the support columns 10 of the support frames 14, 15 are erected upward by connecting the flanges 11, 11 to each other.
[0043]
(g) The finishing work of the staircase room walls 31, 32, 33 is also performed using the steel frames 8 and the scaffolds 28, 29 attached to the temporary beams 17. When removing the scaffolds 28 and 29, the temporary beams 17 are also removed by the flanges 18 and 18a.
[0044]
As described above, the construction of the stairs and the staircase is completed.
[0045]
In the above embodiment, the configuration of the steel frame staircase 8 may be another configuration. For example, in the upper and lower stairs 3 and 6, a landing can also be connected to the floor side. Further, the stairs 1 and the landing 2 (the stairs 4 and the landing 5) may be further separated. Further, instead of the turning staircase, a staircase that goes straight ahead may be used (both are not shown).
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
Fixing the stairs to support the pillars to be buried in the staircase, and fixing the temporary beams so that they can be removed, so that the main stairs can be built before the building of the frame, so concrete structures can be used. There is an effect that the construction of objects can be made safe and efficient. Also, since the supporting columns are buried in the staircase room wall with a cross-sectional shape that does not hinder the wall arrangement, the supporting columns only need to be able to support the steel frame stairs until the skeleton is built. Since it is possible to reduce the weight, there is an effect of improving the work efficiency of the transfer installation and the like.
[0047]
In addition, since the temporary beams are provided, a work scaffolding plate can be temporarily provided on the temporary beams, the temporary objects on the steel frame stairs can be significantly reduced, and further, the work safety can be secured and the efficiency can be increased. . Furthermore, if the temporary beam is made detachable, the temporary beam can be removed after the staircase wall is constructed, and the removed temporary beam can be used for work for upper floors.
[0048]
Further, when the brace is used for the support device, the cross-sectional shape of the support column can be further reduced, and the support column can be easily embedded in the wall of the staircase. Furthermore, when the upper and lower ends of the brace are located inside by a predetermined distance from both ends of the receiving beam, a working space can be secured between the support pillar and the brace, and the working efficiency can be further improved. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a steel frame staircase used in an embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a support device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are front views of a support frame which similarly constitutes a support device.
4 (a) is an enlarged front view and FIG. 4 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4 (a).
5 (a) is an enlarged front view of a temporary beam of the support device, and FIG. 5 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 5 (a).
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which a steel staircase and a scaffold are erected on the support device of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view of a staircase and a staircase being constructed according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view of a staircase and a staircase after concrete casting according to the present invention.
FIGS. 9A to 9C are schematic front views illustrating a construction method of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Lower stairs 6 Upper stairs 7 Intermediate landing 8 Steel stairs 10 Support columns 12 Receiving beams 14 Support frames 15 Support frames 16 Mounting members 17 Temporary beams 20 Closure boards 21 Braces 24 Supporting devices 26 Reference floor slabs 28 Scaffolding boards 29 Scaffolding boards 30 Stairs Room 31 Floor side wall 32 Landing side wall 33 Side wall 35 Next floor slab 36 Next floor slab

Claims

In a method of constructing a staircase and a staircase provided with a steel frame staircase in a staircase room in a concrete structure, above a slab of a reference floor on which concrete is cast, prior to construction of a concrete frame on a floor directly above, A support beam having a height of at least one floor is erected in a position to be buried in a wall of a staircase to be constructed, and a support beam capable of supporting an end of a steel frame stair between the support columns. Are connected in parallel vertically and fixed, a temporary beam is attached between the support columns at the height between the receiving beams, and a steel stair is erected and fixed between the receiving beams to construct a stair for a predetermined floor on the slab. A scaffold for work is temporarily provided between the temporary beam and the receiving beam or between the temporary beam and the steel stairs, and a reinforcing bar and a formwork of a staircase wall are provided using the steel stairs and the scaffold. Construction and casting concrete to build a staircase In the construction method, the temporary beam is constructed through a mounting member fixed to the support pillar, at a position exposed to a stair side from a surface of the stair room wall to be constructed, and after the stair room is constructed, A method for constructing a staircase and a staircase, wherein the staircase is detached from a mounting member of a support column.

Between the parallel support pillars having a height of at least one floor that can be embedded in the wall of the staircase to be constructed, receiving beams capable of fixing the ends of the steel frame stairs and mounting the steel frame stairs vertically are erected. Fixedly, a temporary beam is removably mounted between the support columns at an intermediate height between the receiving beams via a mounting member, and the temporary beam is exposed on the stair side from the surface of the staircase wall to be constructed. A support device for a staircase.

A brace is removably attached between vertically adjacent receiving beams, and upper and lower ends of the brace are located inside a predetermined distance from both ends of the receiving beam, and the scaffold plate is placed at the predetermined distance. 3. The stair support device according to claim 2, wherein the distance is set so that the worker can pass through.