JP3388268B2 - Defocus correction device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical defocusing apparatus for correcting defocusing of a defocused image such as a defocused photograph by using an optical information processing technique based on holography.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an out-of-focus device for recovering an optically clear image from a vaguely photographed image due to out-of-focus or camera shake, there are devices shown in FIGS. It was In the conventional defocusing correction apparatus 101 shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, 102 is a He-Ne laser and 10
Reference numeral 3 is an objective lens, 104 is a pinhole, 105 is a collimating lens, 106 is a beam splitter, 107 is an out-of-focus point object photograph with the same blurring as the out-of-focus photograph.
8 is a Fourier transform lens, 109 is a mirror, 110 is a pinhole, 111 is a Fourier transform lens, 112 is a hologram dry plate, and 113 is a Fourier transform lens.

As shown in FIG. 3, an out-of-focus point object photograph 1
07 is located at the focal position P1 of the Fourier transform lens 108, and the pinhole 110 is the Fourier transform lens 1
The hologram dry plate 112 is disposed at the focal point position P2 of 11, and the focal point position H of any of the Fourier transform lenses 108, 111, and 113. The laser light emitted from the He-Ne laser 102 is the objective lens 10
3, the collimated lens 105, the pinhole 104, and the collimator lens 105 to expand the diameter of the collimated beam, and the beam splitter 106 splits the beam into two, one of which passes through the out-of-focus point object photograph 107 and the Fourier transform lens 108. The other side is also irradiated onto the hologram dry plate 112 without passing through the pinhole 110 and the Fourier transform lens 111 via the mirror 109. In this way, the hologram dry plate 112 can be irradiated with the two light beams of the laser beam to photograph the hologram 112 ′.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the light emitted from the pinhole 110 is blocked by using a light shielding plate 114, and only the light from the out-of-focus point object photograph 107 is used to move to the position H.
Out-of-focus point object photo 1 on photo plate 115 placed in
A photograph 115 'of the diffraction image of 07, that is, a negative image of the power vector is taken.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 3 and FIG.
Hologram and 112 'and Photo 1 produced by the optical system of
15 ′ is correctly overlapped and placed at the position H, the out-of-focus photograph 116 that is the photograph to be processed is placed at the position P 1, and when the laser light is irradiated, the focal point P 3 of the Fourier transform lens 113 is passed through the Fourier transform lens 113. A clear, defocused image appears.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned conventional defocusing correction apparatus is used for relieving a blurred photograph due to careless mistakes, sharpening medical X-photographs, pinhole photographs, etc. that do not originally produce clear images. Although it exerts its power, it is necessary to develop the hologram and the photograph and to accurately align the developed hologram and the photograph, so that the correction cannot be performed at high speed and with high accuracy.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an out-of-focus correction device capable of performing high-speed and high-precision defocus correction.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, in an out-of-focus correction device for optically correcting an out-of-focus image, first light generating means for generating light exhibiting coherence is provided. A second light generating means for generating coherent light, a third light generating means for generating coherent light, and a point spread function for displaying a point spread function of the defocused optical system. A display means, a point spread function reciprocal display means for displaying the reciprocal of a point spread function of an out-of-focus optical system, and a display device on which an out-of-focus image or an out-of-focus image is displayed. First irradiation for irradiating the target object, a dividing means for dividing the light from the first light generating means into two luminous fluxes, and one of the luminous fluxes divided by the dividing means for the point spread function display means. Means and the other divided by the dividing means A pinhole for irradiating the bundle, a second irradiating means for irradiating the other light flux to the pinhole, and a irradiating means for irradiating the point spread function reciprocal display means with light from the second light generating means. 3 irradiation means, and the third
Irradiating the controlled object with light from the light generating means of
Irradiating means, first Fourier transforming means for Fourier transforming the light from the point spread function display means, second Fourier transforming means for Fourier transforming the light from the pinhole, and the point spread function Third Fourier transforming means for Fourier transforming light from the reciprocal display means, fourth Fourier transforming means for Fourier transforming light from the target object, and light from the first to third Fourier transforming means. Is written and the light from the fourth Fourier transform means is irradiated as read light, a real-time hologram element,
It comprises an inverse Fourier transform means for performing an inverse Fourier transform on the light read by the real-time hologram element, and a light receiving means for receiving the light subjected to the inverse Fourier transform by the inverse Fourier transform means.

According to the defocusing correction apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to optically correct defocusing at high speed and with high accuracy.

Further, according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned defocus correction device, a splitting means for splitting the light from the first light generating means into two light fluxes, and one of the light fluxes split by the splitting means is distributed in a point image distribution. A first irradiation unit that irradiates the function display unit, a second irradiation unit that irradiates the pinhole with the other of the other light fluxes split by the splitting unit, and a point image of the light from the second light generation unit. A third irradiation unit that irradiates the distribution function reciprocal number display unit and a fourth irradiation unit that irradiates the target object with the light from the third light generation unit are provided, and the first Fourier transform unit is a point image distribution. The light from the function display means is Fourier-transformed, the second Fourier transform means is Fourier transform of the light from the pinhole, and the third Fourier transform means is the inverse of the point spread function reciprocal display means. Fourier transform light And than, which fourth Fourier transform means for Fourier transform the light from the object,
The real-time hologram element writes the light from the first to third Fourier transforming means and irradiates the light from the fourth Fourier transforming means as read light.
The inverse Fourier transform means is configured to perform an inverse Fourier transform on the light read by the real-time hologram element.

According to the present invention, the point spread function of the out-of-focus optical system, the reciprocal of the point spread function of the out-of-focus optical system, and the out-of-focus image are Fourier transformed by Fourier transform means, and the Fourier transform thereof is performed. The generated light is applied to the real-time hologram element, and an optical calculation is performed on the real-time hologram element. Then, the light from the real-time hologram element, which is the result of the optical calculation, is inverse-Fourier-transformed to obtain an image with out-of-focus correction. Therefore, the out-of-focus correction can be performed optically at high speed and with high accuracy. It becomes possible to do.

Further, according to the present invention, in the above defocusing correction apparatus, means for integrating the light from the point spread function display means and the light from the point spread function reciprocal display means is provided, and the first Fourier transform is provided. The transforming means and the third Fourier transforming means are a single Fourier transforming means.

According to the present invention, since the two Fourier transform means are integrated, the size and cost of the device can be reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned defocusing correction device, a splitting means for splitting the light from the first light generating means into two light fluxes, and one light flux split by the splitting means is point image distribution. The first irradiation means for irradiating the function display means, the second irradiation means for irradiating the other of the other light fluxes divided by the division means to the pinhole, and the light from the second light generation means A third irradiation unit that irradiates the object and a fourth irradiation unit that irradiates the point image distribution function reciprocal number display unit with the light from the third light generation unit are provided, and the first Fourier transform unit includes the point image distribution. The second Fourier transforming means Fourier transforms the light from the pinhole, and the third Fourier transforming means Fourier transforms the light from the target object. What to do, the fourth Are those Fourier transform means for Fourier transform the light from the point spread function inverse display means,
The real-time hologram element writes the light from the first to third Fourier transforming means and irradiates the light from the fourth Fourier transforming means as read light.
The inverse Fourier transform means is configured to perform an inverse Fourier transform on the light read by the real-time hologram element.

According to the present invention, the point spread function of the out-of-focus optical system, the reciprocal of the point spread function of the out-of-focus optical system, and the out-of-focus image are Fourier transformed by Fourier transform means, and the Fourier transform thereof is performed. The generated light is applied to the real-time hologram element, and an optical calculation is performed on the real-time hologram element. Then, the light from the real-time hologram element, which is the result of the optical calculation, is inverse-Fourier-transformed to obtain an image with out-of-focus correction. Therefore, the out-of-focus correction can be performed optically at high speed and with high accuracy. It becomes possible to do.

Further, according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned defocus correction device, means for integrating the light from the point spread function display means and the light from the target object is provided, and the first Fourier transform means and the first Fourier transform means are provided. The three Fourier transform means are a single Fourier transform means.

According to the present invention, since the two Fourier transform means are integrated, the size and cost of the device can be reduced.

Further, in the present invention, in the above-mentioned defocusing correction device, the real-time hologram element is a liquid crystal spatial light modulation element.

According to the present invention, since the liquid crystal spatial light modulator is used as a real-time hologram, it is possible to realize an out-of-focus correction device capable of optically performing high-speed and high-precision defocus correction.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an out-of-focus correction device 1 according to the present invention.
2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the configuration of a basic optical system of FIG. Figure 1
2 is H which is a means for generating light exhibiting coherence
e-Ne laser, 3 objective lens, 4 pinhole, 5
Is a collimator lens, 6 is a beam splitter which is a means for splitting the light from the He-Ne laser 1 into two light beams, and 7 is a means for displaying a point spread function of an out-of-focus optical system. Defocused point object photo,
Reference numeral 8 denotes light from the He-Ne laser 2 and laser 13 (described later).
A beam splitter, which is a means for combining the light from the above and integrating it, 9 is a Fourier transform lens, 10 is a mirror, 1
1 is a pinhole, 12 is a Fourier transform lens which is a means for Fourier transforming the light from the pinhole 11, 13 is a He-Ne laser which is a means for generating light exhibiting coherence,
Reference numeral 14 is an objective lens, 15 is a pinhole, 16 is a collimating lens, 17 is a mirror, and 18 is a high resolution liquid crystal panel which is a means for displaying the reciprocal of the point spread function of the defocused optical system.

Here, the objective lens 3, the pinhole 4, and the collimating lens 5 are means for irradiating the out-of-focus point object photograph 7 with the light from the He-Ne laser 2 and also the He-Ne laser 2 The mirror 10 also serves as a part of irradiation means for irradiating the pinhole 11 with light from the mirror 10, and the mirror 10 includes the He-Ne laser 2
It is a part of the irradiation means for irradiating the pinhole 11 with the light from. Further, the objective lens 14, the pinhole 15, the collimator lens 16, and the mirror 17 are
Light from the He-Ne laser 13 is used for the high-resolution liquid crystal panel 1
8 is a means for irradiating. Further, the beam splitter 8 is a means for combining the light from the out-of-focus point object photograph 7 and the light from the high-resolution liquid crystal panel 18, and therefore the Fourier transform lens 9 is a means for combining the light from the out-of-focus point object photograph 7. Means for Fourier transforming light and high resolution liquid crystal panel 1
It plays a single role as means for Fourier transforming the light from 8.

Further, in FIG. 1, 20 is a liquid crystal spatial light modulator which is a real-time hologram element, 21 is a He-Ne laser which is means for generating light exhibiting coherence, 22 is an objective lens, and 23 is a pinhole. , 24 is a collimating lens, 25 is an out-of-focus photograph 25, 26 which is an object to be subjected to defocus correction, and Fourier transform lenses 26, 2 which are means for Fourier transforming the light from the out-of-focus photograph 25.
Reference numeral 7 is a Fourier transform lens 27, 28 which is means for inverse Fourier transforming the light read by the liquid crystal spatial light modulator.
Is a photographic dry plate 28 which is means for receiving the light which has been subjected to the inverse Fourier transform by the Fourier transform lens 27. here,
The objective lens 22, the pinhole 23, and the collimator lens 24 are means for irradiating the photograph 25 with the light from the He—Ne laser 21 out of focus.

A display device such as a high-resolution liquid crystal panel for displaying an out-of-focus image can be used instead of the out-of-focus photograph 25, and a high-resolution image for capturing a corrected image can be used instead of the photographic dry plate 28. An imaging device such as a fine CCD camera can be used.

First, the principle of operation of the defocus correction device of this embodiment will be described. The amplitude distribution of the original image (focused image) is o (x, y), the point spread function of the optical system that captured the defocused image is h (x, y), and the defocused image is g (x, y). y), g (x, y) = o (x, y) * h (x, y) (1) Here, * represents a convolution operation.
From equation (1), deconvolution may be performed to obtain o (x, y). Using the fact that the convolution is a product operation in the Fourier transform coordinate system, O = G / H = G · H ′ / | H | ² (2) Here, O, G, and H are o (x,
y), g (x, y) and h (x, y) are Fourier-transformed, and H ′ is a complex conjugate of H. If g (x, y) and h (x, y) are known from the equation (2), G, H ', | H | are obtained from them and a product operation is performed to obtain O. Finally, if O is inverse Fourier transformed, o can be obtained. That is, it is possible to correct the defocus. The defocusing correction apparatus of the present invention optically performs these product calculation and Fourier transform at high speed.

In FIG. 1, an out-of-focus point object photograph 7 having the same blurring as the out-of-focus photograph (h (x,
(corresponding to y)) is the focal position of the Fourier transform lens 9, the pinhole 11 is the focal position of the Fourier transform lens 12,
High-resolution liquid crystal panel 18 (Fourier transform result is 1
/ | H | ² ) corresponds to the focal position of the Fourier transform lens 9, and the liquid crystal spatial light modulation element 20 corresponds to the focal position of any of the Fourier transform lenses 9, 12, 26, and 27. (Corresponding to g (x, y) in the equation 1) is arranged at the focal position of the Fourier transform lens 26, and the photographic plate 28 is arranged at the focal position of the Fourier transform lens 27. This is because, as described above, the product operation is performed in the Fourier transform coordinate system.

First, as in the conventional defocusing correction apparatus, the defocused point object photograph 7 (h (x, y) in the above formula (1)) is the same as the photograph to be processed (defocused photograph). Prepared).

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the out-of-focus point object photograph 7 and the high-resolution liquid crystal panel 18 are set at the focal position of the Fourier transform lens 9. On the high resolution liquid crystal panel 18, a negative image of the out-of-focus point object photograph 7 is displayed. Further, the pinhole 11 is installed at the focal position of the Fourier transform lens 12. The liquid crystal spatial light modulator 20
Is placed at the focal position of the Fourier transform lenses 9 and 12,
By the laser light emitted from the He-Ne laser 2, the Fourier transform image of the out-of-focus point object photograph 7 and the pinhole 11
An interference fringe (hologram) with the Fourier transform image (parallel light flux) of is written in the liquid crystal spatial light modulation element 20. At the same time, another He-Ne laser 13 is used to write the power spectrum of the image obtained by Fourier-transforming the negative image of the out-of-focus point object photograph 7 displayed on the high-resolution liquid crystal panel 18 into the liquid crystal spatial light modulation element 20.

On the other hand, from the opposite side of the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 20, another He-Ne laser 21 is used to illuminate the defocused photograph 25 which is the object. Here, instead of the out-of-focus photograph 25, an out-of-focus image displayed on a display device such as a high resolution liquid crystal panel may be used as the target object.

Thereafter, the out-of-focus photograph 25 is Fourier-transformed by the Fourier transform lens 26, and the Fourier-transformed light is applied to the liquid crystal spatial light modulation element 20 as read light. Then, the product operation in the Fourier transform coordinate system described above is executed on the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 20. Then, the light read out by the liquid crystal spatial light modulation element 20 (corresponding to O in the above formula (2)) is subjected to inverse Fourier transform by the Fourier transform lens 27 and is incident on the photographic dry plate 28. The result is a clear, blurred image. In addition,
Here, instead of the photographic dry plate 28, an image may be captured by an image capturing device such as a CCD camera so as to be captured as data of a computer (not shown).

It is also possible to prepare a plurality of out-of-focus point object photographs 7 and replace them to find the best clear image.

Although the out-of-focus point object photograph 7 is used in this embodiment, the out-of-focus point object may be displayed on a display device such as a high resolution liquid crystal panel and used instead. Also in this case, the best image can be searched for by exchanging the out-of-focus point object display data. In addition, when a display device such as a high-resolution liquid crystal panel is used, this work can be performed in real time at high speed, and conversely, it is possible to find out the data of the defocused point object that gives the best image.

That is, when the out-of-focus photograph is digital data, a higher quality image can be obtained by calculating the equation (2) using a computer using this data. It is not realistic to perform data for many out-of-focus point object data because it takes a lot of time. On the other hand, if the defocus correction device of the present invention is used, the optimum defocus point object data can be searched for in advance, and therefore only the calculation for one defocus point object data is required, and the calculation time is reduced. It can be shortened.

Here, when the out-of-focus point object display data is created by a computer, a function such as a Gaussian function may be used for the amplitude distribution of the point object. Then, the center intensity of the point object is set to the brightness of the darkest place of the target photograph in the case of the dark point, and is set to the brightness of the brightest place of the target photograph in the case of the bright point. The degree of defocus is set by changing the radius of the function expressing the point object.

As a high resolution liquid crystal panel used in place of the defocused point object photograph 7, there is an optical writing type liquid crystal panel. In that case, an out-of-focus point object can be written using the lens, and the out-of-focus setting can be made by controlling the position of the lens.

An optical writing type liquid crystal panel can be used as the high resolution liquid crystal panel 18 for displaying the negative image of the out-of-focus point object photograph 7 as in the case of the out-of-focus point object. In that case, An out-of-focus point object may be written using a lens. The optically writable liquid crystal panel in this case is such that negative / positive inversion can be performed at the time of reading.

In the present embodiment, even if the positions of the high-resolution liquid crystal panel 18 and the out-of-focus photograph 25 are exchanged, the calculation expressed by the equation (2) can be executed, that is, the out-of-focus correction. It can be processed.

In this embodiment, the case where the defocus correction is performed only by the laser light source of one color (red He-Ne laser), that is, the defocus correction of the monochrome photograph is explained, but the invention is not limited to this. Instead, the invention can be applied to defocus correction of color images. For example, with the same optical system as that of the present embodiment, a laser light source for three primary colors is prepared, the above-described correction is performed on each image of the three primary colors, and finally the corrected images of the three primary colors are combined. Then, it is possible to correct the defocus of the color image.

In the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 20 used in this embodiment, the polarization direction of the light emitted from the He-Ne laser 2 is in the plane of the paper surface of the drawing, and this laser light is most efficiently phased. It uses a nematic liquid crystal that is homogeneously (parallel) aligned in the direction in which it can be modulated.

Next, the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 20 used in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the outline of the structure of the liquid crystal spatial light modulation element 20 used in the present embodiment, and 31a and 31b are glass substrates and 3
2a and 32b are transparent electrodes, 33a and 33b are alignment films, 3
4 is a liquid crystal layer, 35 is a spacer, 36 is a photoconductive layer, and 37 is an AC voltage. As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid crystal spatial light modulation element 20 includes a liquid crystal layer 34 made of nematic liquid crystal and a liquid crystal layer 34 between glass substrates 31a, 31b coated with transparent electrodes 23a, 23b such as ITO on one surface. The structure is such that liquid crystal alignment films 33a and 33b for homogeneously (parallel) aligning the liquid crystal molecules therein and a hydrogenated amorphous (a-Si: H) film which is the photoconductive layer 36 are sandwiched. The spacer 35 is for holding the space of the liquid crystal layer 34.

The a-Si: H film, which is the photoconductive layer 36, was formed by the CVD method on the glass substrate 31b on which the transparent electrode 32b was formed. The characteristic of the a-Si: H film thus formed is that the dark conductivity is 10 ⁻¹⁰ S /
cm, the photoconductivity was 10 ⁻⁷ S / cm or more, and the film thickness was 1.0 μm.

Further, the nematic liquid crystal layer 34 is provided on each of the glass substrate 31b on which the transparent electrode 32b and the photoconductive layer 36 are formed and the glass substrate 31a on which the transparent electrode 32a is formed.
Liquid Crystal Alignment Film 3 for Homogeneous (Parallel) Alignment
3a and 33b were formed. In the present embodiment, the SiO films are used as the liquid crystal alignment films 33a and 33b, but the liquid crystal alignment films 33a and 33b are not limited to this, and those obtained by subjecting a polymer film such as polyimide or polyvinyl alcohol to a rubbing treatment, or alignment. You may use what was formed by apply | coating agent.

The liquid crystal alignment film 33 thus formed
a and 33b are opposed to each other, a gap is formed by the spacer 35, and the gap is filled with nematic liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal layer 3
4 was formed. In the present embodiment, as the nematic liquid crystal, it is desirable that nematic liquid crystal exhibit large birefringence in order to sufficiently increase the phase shift amount, and E44 manufactured by Merck is used. In the present embodiment, the nematic liquid crystal has a positive dielectric anisotropy whose orientation changes from a state substantially parallel to the glass substrate surface to a state perpendicular to the glass substrate surface according to the strength of the applied voltage. Although the nematic liquid crystal shown is used in a homogeneous orientation, a nematic liquid crystal exhibiting negative dielectric anisotropy may be used in a homeotropic orientation.

As described above, the liquid crystal layer 34 of the liquid crystal spatial light modulating element 20 used in this embodiment uses the homogeneous (parallel) aligned nematic liquid crystal. This is He-N
Since the polarization direction of the light emitted from the e-laser is in the plane of the drawing paper of FIG. 1, the liquid crystal layer 34 is oriented so as to be homogeneous (parallel) in the direction in which this polarization can be phase-modulated most efficiently. is there.

The liquid crystal spatial light modulator 20 used in the defocusing correction device of the present invention has a high spatial resolution (high resolution).
Therefore, it is desirable that the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 34 be thin. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 34 is 2 μm.

In the present embodiment, the nematic liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal material forming the liquid crystal layer 34 of the liquid crystal spatial light modulation element 20, but ferroelectric liquid crystal may be used. Further, a dielectric multilayer mirror may be interposed between the liquid crystal layer 34 and the photoconductive layer 36.

In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal spatial light modulator is used as the real-time hologram element, but the present invention is not limited to this, and BaTiO ₃ or Bi ₁₂ SiO ₂₀ may be used.
A photorefractive crystal such as (BSO) may be used.

[0048]

As described above, according to the defocusing correction device of the invention described in claim 1, it is possible to optically correct the defocusing at high speed and with high accuracy.

Further, according to the invention of claim 1, in defocus correction device, the point spread function of the optical system of defocusing,
The reciprocal of the point spread function of the out-of-focus optical system and the out-of-focus image are Fourier transformed by the Fourier transforming means, and the Fourier transformed light is applied to the real-time hologram element, and the real-time hologram element is optically illuminated. Calculation is executed. Then, the light from the real-time hologram element, which is the result of the optical calculation, is inverse-Fourier-transformed to obtain an image with out-of-focus correction. Therefore, the out-of-focus correction can be performed optically at high speed and with high accuracy. It becomes possible to do.

According to the second aspect of the invention, since the two Fourier transform means of the defocusing correction device are united, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the device.

According to the third aspect of the invention, in the defocus correction device, the point spread function of the defocus optical system, the reciprocal of the point spread function of the defocus optical system, and the defocus image are Fourier transformed. Fourier transform is performed by the means, and the Fourier-transformed light is applied to the real-time hologram element, and an optical calculation is executed on the real-time hologram element. Then, by performing an inverse Fourier transform on the light from the real-time hologram element that is the result of the optical calculation,
Since an image subjected to defocus correction is obtained, it is possible to perform defocus correction optically at high speed and with high accuracy.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the two Fourier transform means of the defocusing correction device are united, the size and cost of the device can be reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the liquid crystal spatial light modulator is used as the real-time hologram, it is possible to realize an out-of-focus correction device capable of optically performing high-speed and high-precision defocus correction. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of a basic optical system of an out-of-focus correction device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a liquid crystal spatial light modulator used in this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of a conventional defocus correction device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of a conventional defocus correction device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of a conventional defocus correction device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Defocus correction device 2,13,21 He-Ne laser 3,14,22 Objective lens 4,11,15,23 pinhole 5,16,24 Collimating lens 6,8 beam splitter 7 Out-of-focus point object photo 9, 12, 26, 27 Fourier transform lens 10,17 Mirror 18 High resolution LCD panel 20 Liquid crystal spatial light modulator 25 out of focus photos 28 Photographic plate

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. An out-of-focus correction device for optically correcting an out-of-focus image, comprising: first light generating means for generating light exhibiting coherence and second light generating means for producing light exhibiting coherence. A third light generating means for generating light exhibiting coherence, a point spread function displaying means for displaying a point spread function of the defocused optical system, and a point spread function for the defocused optical system. Point spread function reciprocal display means for displaying the reciprocal number, an out-of-focus image or a display device displaying the out-of-focus image, and an object to be defocused corrected, and light from the first light generating means. Is divided into two light beams, a first irradiation unit that irradiates the point spread function display unit with one light beam divided by the division unit, and the other light beam that is divided by the division unit is irradiated. Pinhole, and the pinhole Second irradiation means for irradiating the other light beam, third irradiation means for irradiating the point spread function reciprocal number display means with the light from the second light generation means, and the third light generation means. Fourth irradiating means for irradiating the object to be inspected with light from, the first Fourier transforming means for Fourier transforming the light from the point spread function display means, and Fourier transforming the light from the pinhole. Second Fourier transforming means, third Fourier transforming means for Fourier transforming the light from the point spread function reciprocal display means, and fourth Fourier transforming means for Fourier transforming the light from the target object, A real-time hologram element in which the light from the first to third Fourier transform means is written and the light from the fourth Fourier transform means is irradiated as read light, and the real-time hologram element. And inverse Fourier transform means for inverse Fourier transform the read light, defocus correction device characterized by comprising a light receiving means for receiving inverse Fourier transform light by the inverse Fourier transform means. 2. The defocusing correction device according to claim 1, further comprising means for integrating light from the point spread function display means with light from the point spread function reciprocal display means, An out-of-focus correction device characterized in that the first Fourier transforming means and the third Fourier transforming means are a single Fourier transforming means. 3. An out-of-focus correction device for optically correcting an out-of-focus image, comprising: first light generating means for generating coherent light; and second light generating means for generating coherent light. A third light generating means for generating light exhibiting coherence, a point spread function displaying means for displaying a point spread function of the defocused optical system, and a point spread function for the defocused optical system. Point spread function reciprocal display means for displaying the reciprocal number, an out-of-focus image or a display device displaying the out-of-focus image, and an object to be defocused corrected, and light from the first light generating means. Is divided into two light beams, a first irradiation unit that irradiates the point spread function display unit with one light beam divided by the division unit, and the other light beam that is divided by the division unit is irradiated. Pinhole, and the pinhole The second irradiation means for irradiating the other light flux, the third irradiation means for irradiating the target object with the light from the second light generating means, and the light from the third light generating means. Fourth irradiation means for irradiating the point spread function reciprocal display means, first Fourier transform means for Fourier transforming the light from the point spread function display means, and Fourier transform for the light from the pinhole. Second Fourier transforming means, third Fourier transforming means for Fourier transforming the light from the target object, fourth Fourier transforming means for Fourier transforming the light from the point spread function reciprocal display means, A real-time hologram element in which the light from the first to third Fourier transform means is written and the light from the fourth Fourier transform means is irradiated as read light, and the real-time hologram element. And inverse Fourier transform means for inverse Fourier transform the read light, defocus correction device characterized by comprising a light receiving means for receiving inverse Fourier transform light by the inverse Fourier transform means. 4. The defocus correcting device according to claim 3, further comprising a unit that integrates the light from the point spread function display unit and the light from the target object, the first Fourier transform. An out-of-focus correction device, characterized in that the means and the third Fourier transform means are a single Fourier transform means. 5. The defocusing correction device according to claim 1, wherein the real-time hologram element is a liquid crystal spatial light modulation element.