JP3387301B2 - Opening / closing device for vehicle back door - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an opening / closing device for a vehicle back door which can be opened and closed by turning, and more particularly, a vehicle back door which can open and close the back door in a narrow space by moving an axis when turning and opening and closing. The present invention relates to a door opening / closing device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Some vehicles such as automobiles are provided with an opening at the rear of a vehicle body so that luggage and the like can be taken in and out. Such a rear opening has a back door (also called a rear gate or a tailgate). Will be equipped. There are various types of back doors that can be opened and closed, and the typical one is that the upper edge of the back door is hinged to the vehicle body side and the back door is flipped up around this hinge when opened. There is.

However, in such a flip-up type back door, the back door largely projects rearward or upward of the vehicle at the time of opening or during opening / closing, and therefore, if a sufficient space is not secured at the rearward or upper side of the vehicle, the backdoor does not operate. I can't open the door. Further, when the back door is opened and closed, the back door turns in a large arc, so it is necessary for the opening / closing operator not to interfere with the back door.

Therefore, various opening / closing devices that can be used for the back door have been proposed. For example, FIG. 5 shows Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-5.
5 shows a vehicle door opening / closing device of Japanese Patent No. 5608. In this device, as shown in FIG. 5, a back door 1 is a link mechanism 3 interposed between left and right edges 2 of a rear opening of a vehicle body.
Are connected through. The link mechanism 3 includes a first link member 3A, a second link member 3B, and a third link member 3
It is configured by combining C.

That is, one end of the first link member 3A is pivotally attached to the vertical middle portion of the vehicle body side by a pivot shaft 4A, and the other end is pivotally attached to the lower part of the back door 1 by a pivot shaft 4B. To be done. Further, the second link member 3B has one end pivotally attached to an intermediate portion of the first link member 3A by a pivot shaft 4C,
The other end is slidably locked by a pivot shaft 4D in a long groove 5 provided in an intermediate portion of the back door 1 in the vertical direction. The third link member 3C is slidably locked to the long groove 5 of the back door 1 by the pivot shaft 4D at one end together with the second link member 3B, and the other end of the vehicle body side part by the pivot shaft 4E. It is pivotally attached to the upper part.

As a result, the link mechanism 3 is connected to the pivot shaft 4D.
Becomes movable by sliding in the long groove 5 of the back door 1, and when the back door 1 is opened, the pivot shaft 4D
The link mechanism 3 operates so as to move downward in the long groove 5. The tip of the first link member 3A on one end side is overhanging over the pivot shaft 4A, and this tip is urged downward by the spring 6 (in the direction in which the spring 6 contracts). It is designed to assist the opening operation force of.

As a result, when the back door 1 is opened, the back door 1 is swung while being slid upward as shown by the chain line in FIG. For this reason, when the back door is opened and closed, the projection of the back door toward the rear and the upper side of the vehicle becomes small, and the back door can be opened even when there is little empty space behind and above the vehicle. When opening / closing, the opening / closing operator is less likely to interfere with the back door.

Further, FIGS. 6 and 7 are actual open flats 3-62981.
6 shows a device for opening and closing a back door disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. JP-A-2003-163, in which the back door 1 is provided with a hinge 8 interposed between the back door 1 and a roof panel 7 at the rear of the vehicle body, as shown in FIG. A stay 9 and a balancer 10 that are pivotally supported and are fitted between the back door 1 and the left and right edges 2 of the opening.
Supported by and.

As shown in FIG. 7, the hinge 8 includes a fixing bracket 8A fixed to the upper surface of the roof panel 7 and a connecting bracket 8B whose one end is pivotally attached to the fixing bracket 8A. An upper portion 1A of the back door 1 is pivotally attached to the other end. Connecting bracket 8B
Since the other end of the back door 1 turns, the turning center itself of the back door 1 turns.

As a result, the back door 1 is opened while moving the turning center toward the upper side and the front side of the vehicle, and the projection of the back door toward the rear side and the upper side of the vehicle at the time of opening and closing the back door is reduced. The back door can be opened even if there is little empty space behind or above the vehicle,
Further, when the back door is opened and closed, the opening / closing operator is less likely to interfere with the back door.

[0011]

By the way, the above-mentioned FIG.
In the conventional device shown in FIG. 3, the pivot shaft 4D has a structure that slides in the long groove 5 of the back door 1. However, in such a sliding structure, when the back door 1 is opened and closed, it is difficult for the sliding mechanism to operate smoothly. There is a risk that it may get caught and get caught. Further, it is difficult to stop the back door 1 during the opening and closing of the back door 1.

In the conventional apparatus shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the movement of the back door 1 is restrained by the stay 9 when the back door 1 is opened and closed. There is also a limit to the reduction of the amount of protrusion upward. Also in the case of this device, it is difficult to stop the back door 1 during the opening and closing of the back door 1.

The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and makes it possible to further reduce the amount of protrusion of the back door toward the rear and the upper side of the vehicle when opening and closing, and to open the back door midway during opening and closing. An object of the present invention is to provide an opening / closing device for a vehicle back door that can be stopped.

[0014]

[0015]

Therefore, according to the opening and closing device for a vehicle back door of the present invention as defined in claim 1 , the back door is provided at the rear opening of the vehicle body, and one end thereof has an upper edge portion of the back door. A link that is pivotally attached to the back door so as to turnably support the back door, and the other end of which is pivotally attached to a rear portion of the roof in front of the rear opening of the vehicle body to move a turning center of the back door. A member and a telescopic stay member interposed between the left and right edge portions of the back door and the left and right edge portions of the rear opening facing the back door left and right edge portions, and the telescopic stay member, Rutotomo a spring member capable of exhibiting an urging force that resists the load of the back door, and a damper member capable of restricting the pivoting movement of the back door is provided
A first pivot axis between the link member and the back door, and
The second pivot axis between the link member and the roof rear portion is
Is also arranged with its axis centered in the vehicle width direction.
Link member has its one end directed rearward of the second pivot axis
The first position and the one end directed forward of the second pivot
Pivot about the second pivot axis to and from a second position
Configured to secure the link member in the first position
It features a lock mechanism that can be used .

[0016]

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle backdoor opening / closing device according to the first aspect , wherein the link member is provided so that the backdoor moves uniformly left and right around the axis. A left and right pair are provided so as to be separated from each other in the vehicle width direction. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle back door opening / closing device according to the second aspect , wherein the pair of left and right link members is provided with a connecting member for connecting the link members to each other. It is characterized by being.

[0018] A vehicle backdoor opening / closing device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the device according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the link member is in a plate shape having a required length in the vehicle width direction. It is characterized by being formed.

A vehicle back door opening / closing device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the roof rear portion has an upper surface at the first position. It is characterized in that a recess for accommodating the link member is formed. Switchgear back door for a vehicle according to the present invention of claim 6 is the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the biasing force exerted by the spring member, a predetermined of said back door Until it is opened to the opening degree, the back door is exerted so as to open against the weight of the back door, and in the state where the back door is opened within the opening range of a predetermined opening degree or more, It is characterized in that it is exerted so as to substantially offset the weight of the back door.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 4 show an opening / closing device for a vehicle back door as one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rear portion of the vehicle. The opening / closing device for the vehicle back door is, as shown in FIG.
An opening 12 is provided in the rear part of the rear portion, and the opening 12 is equipped with a back door 13.

The upper end portion 13A of the back door 13 is connected to the rear portion 14A of the roof portion 14 of the vehicle body 11 via a link member 15. Also, the left and right edge portions 13B and 13C of the back door 13 and the left and right edge portions 12A and 12B of the opening 12.
An extendable stay member 16 is provided between the two. One pair of left and right link members 15 are provided with a space therebetween. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, each link member 15 has its front end portion 15A pivoted to a roof rear portion 14A through a pivot shaft (pin) 17A. The rear end portion 15B is attached to the upper end portion 13A of the back door 13 through a pivot shaft (pin) 17B.
Is pivotally attached to. In addition, reference numeral 18 in FIG.
A ring that locks A and 17B.

The axis C of each pin 17A, 17B
1, C2 are oriented in the vehicle width direction (horizontal lateral direction with respect to the vehicle body). As a result, the link member 15 itself becomes the pin 1
It is possible to turn about the axis C1 with respect to the roof portion 14 by 7A, and the back door 13 turns about the axis C2 of the pin 17B at the free end (turning end) of the link member 15. .

As shown schematically in FIG. 2, the link member 15 is in a laid-down posture (first position) on the roof rear portion 14A when the back door 13 is closed, and when the back door 13 is fully opened, the roof rear portion is opened. It is configured to be in a standing posture (second position) on the vehicle 14A while leaning forward of the vehicle. A recess 19 is formed on the roof rear portion 14A so that the link member 15 lying down to the first position can be housed so as not to project from the surface of the roof portion 14.

Further, in order to accurately and accurately rotate the link member 15 when the back door 13 is opened and closed, as shown in FIG.
As shown in, the link member 15 is formed in a plate shape having a certain width. Further, the left and right link members 15, 15 are integrally connected via the connecting member 20. On the other hand, as the telescopic stay member 16, a member generally used for supporting the flip-up type back door 13 can be adopted. This telescopic stay member 1
Reference numeral 6 denotes a spring (not shown) that exerts an urging force against the weight of the back door 13 and a damper (not shown) that can regulate the swinging motion of the back door 13 by utilizing the reaction force of the fluid. In addition, it is configured as a spring-loaded damper.

The biasing force exerted by the spring is
Although it changes according to the position of the back door 13, the back door 13 is exerted against the weight of the back door 13 at least until the back door 13 is opened to a required opening degree. When the opening of the back door 13 is within the opening range of the required opening or more, the biasing force is set so as to almost cancel the weight of the back door 13. Further, the damper provides resistance to a sudden movement of the back door 13.

Since there is resistance against the movement of the back door 13 at the spring-loaded damper 16 itself as the telescopic stay member and the connecting portion of each part, the load of the back door 13 is offset by the spring and the damper is used. Decay,
Also, due to these resistances, when the back door 13 is opened within a certain opening range, the back door 13 does not move even if the back door 13 is released.

The back door 13 itself is provided with a lock mechanism (not shown) for fixing the back door in a closed state so that the back door 13 is equipped with a general back door. Also, as shown in FIG.
A closing lock mechanism 21 similar to that for the back door is provided. The lock mechanism 21 is automatically locked when the link member 15 reaches the first position when the back door 13 is closed, and is unlocked by operating the operation lever 22.

Since the vehicle back door opening / closing device as one embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above,
To open the closed back door 13, first, the operating lever 22 or the like is operated to release the lock mechanism (not shown) of the back door 13 and the lock mechanism 21 of the link member 15. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, while raising the back door 13, the link member 15 is rotated and the back door 13 is moved to the front of the roof portion 14 of the vehicle.

Thus, the back door 13 can be opened by an operator's operation while drawing a small locus as shown in FIG. 2, and the back door 13 can be moved rearward or upward of the vehicle when the back door is opened or closed. This has the effect of making it possible to reduce the protrusion of the back door and open the back door even when there is little empty space behind or above the vehicle. Further, there is an effect that the opening / closing operator is less likely to interfere with the back door when the back door is opened / closed.

Further, when the back door 13 is within the required opening range, the urging force of the spring of the spring-equipped damper 16 as the telescopic stay member, the damping force of the damper, and the sliding portions, etc. Backdoor 1 by resistance
The back door 13 does not move even if the hand is released from 3. Therefore, the back door 13 can be held at an appropriate opening, and the back door 13 can be opened to an appropriate opening so as not to interfere with the surroundings while being aware of the space behind and above the vehicle.

Furthermore, two link members 15 are provided on the left and right sides, and each link member 15 is configured to have a certain width, and both link members 15 and 15 are connected to each other by a connecting member 20. Therefore, the opening and closing movement of the back door 13 can be performed accurately without backlash, and there is an advantage that the operability of the back door 13 is improved.

Further, since the link member 15 is formed in a plate shape, the depth of the recess 19 formed in the roof portion 14 can be made small, and the space efficiency when the link member 15 is stored in the first position is improved. There is also an advantage that Further, the link mechanism 15 can be reliably fixed by the lock mechanism 21, and the back door 13 can be reliably fixed in the closed state.

The lock release of the lock mechanism 21 and the lock mechanism of the back door 13 may be carried out by operating the operation lever 22.
Further, it is possible to select a mode in which the unlocking of the lock mechanism 21 and the lock mechanism of the back door 13 are interlocked with each other, and a mode in which the lock mechanism is not interlocked can be selected, and the link member 15 is fixed to a general opening / closing device according to preference. Similarly to the above, the back door 13 may be configured to open and close about a fixed axis.

Further, as a means for suppressing the unnecessary movement of the back door 13, a ratchet mechanism or the like selected in advance so as to exert a required resistance force at an appropriate portion such as a pivotal portion related to the movement of the back door 13 or the like. May be provided.
Further, the left and right link members 15 and 15 and the connecting member 20 that connects these link members 15 and 15 may be formed as an integral member from the beginning.

Further, in the above embodiment, the link member 1
5 and 15 are provided on the roof portion 14, but the structure in which the opening / closing device for the vehicle back door is rotated by exactly 90 degrees when viewed from the rear of the vehicle body, that is, the link members 15 and 15 are provided on the left and right sides of the opening It is conceivable that the back door 13 is provided on one of the edge portions 12A and 12B and the back door 13 is coupled to the link member 15 of the opening edge portion 12A or 12B so that the back door 13 is opened laterally. In this case, the telescopic stay member 16 is interposed between the upper and lower edges of the opening 12 and the back door 13.

As a modification of this laterally open structure, the link members 15 and 15 are connected to the left and right edge portions 12A and 12 of the opening 12.
B on both sides, the back door 13 is divided into left and right, the left back door is coupled to the link members 15, 15 of the left edge 12A of the opening 12, and the right back door is right edge 12B of the opening 12. It is also conceivable to connect the back door 13 to the left and right sideways by connecting to the link members 15, 15. Also in this case, the telescopic stay members 16 are respectively interposed between the upper and lower edge portions of each back door 13 and the upper and lower edge portions of the opening 12.

[0037]

[0038]

As described in detail above , according to the vehicle backdoor opening / closing apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 1, the backdoor mounted on the rear opening of the vehicle body and one end of the backdoor are provided on the backdoor. The back door is pivotally supported on the edge portion so as to be pivotable, and the other end is pivotally attached to the roof rear portion in front of the rear opening of the vehicle body so that the pivot center of the back door can be moved. A link member, and a telescopic stay member interposed between the left and right edge portions of the back door and the left and right edge portions of the rear opening facing the left and right edge portions of the back door,
The retractable stay member is provided with a spring member capable of exerting a biasing force against the load of the back door and a damper member capable of restricting the swinging motion of the back door, thereby reducing the size of the back door. It is possible to open the upper part of the rear part of the vehicle while drawing a trajectory, and it is possible to open the back door even if there is little empty space behind or above the vehicle. Further, there is an effect that the opening / closing operator is less likely to interfere with the back door when the back door is opened / closed. Further, the back door can be held at an appropriate opening. Further, the link member and the
A first pivot shaft with a back door, and the link member and the loop
The second pivot axis with the rear part of the vehicle is the width direction of the vehicle along the axis.
The link member is arranged so as to face
A first position directed rearward of the second pivot, and the one end
Between a second position in which is directed forward of the second pivot axis.
And is configured to pivot about the second pivot axis.
This makes it possible for the car
It is possible to open the upper part of both rear parts. Addition
Therefore, the lock that can fix the link member in the first position
Since the mechanism is provided, the link member is securely fixed.
To ensure that the back door 13 is closed.
Can be set.

[0039]

According to the switchgear of the vehicle back door of the present invention of claim 2, wherein, in the apparatus according to claim 1,
As the back door is left uniformly move to the axis core direction, the link member, by which is provided left and right spaced apart from each other to該車width direction, fine opening and closing of the back door
You will be able to do well. According to the switchgear of the back door for a vehicle of the present invention described in claim 3, claim
In the device according to the second aspect, a connecting member that connects these link members to each other is interposed between the pair of left and right link members, so that the back door can be opened and closed without rattling.
The back door can be operated more accurately and the operability of the back door is improved.

[0041] According to the switchgear of the vehicle back door of claim 4 the present invention described, a plate having the device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the link member, the required length in the vehicle width direction The link member can be stored in the first position in a space-efficient manner by being formed into a shape.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vehicle back door opening / closing device, wherein in the device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the first position is provided on the upper surface of the roof rear portion. By forming the recess that can accommodate the link member, it is possible to improve the appearance of the rear portion of the roof while efficiently storing the link member at the first position in the recess. According to the switchgear of the vehicle back door of claim 6 the present invention described, in the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the damping force generated by the biasing force and the damper member by the spring member each The back door can be held at an appropriate opening due to the resistance of the sliding parts, etc., and the back door can be opened appropriately so as not to interfere with the surroundings while being aware of the space behind and above the vehicle. Can be released at any time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rear portion of a vehicle showing an opening / closing device for a vehicle back door as an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a vehicle rear portion for explaining an opening / closing operation of a vehicle back door opening / closing device as an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a link member of an opening / closing device for a vehicle back door as one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of a link member of a vehicle back door opening / closing device as an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a vehicle rear portion showing the configuration and opening / closing operation of a conventional vehicle back door opening / closing device.

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a vehicle rear portion showing the configuration and opening / closing operation of another conventional vehicle back door opening / closing device.

FIG. 7 is a side view of essential parts for explaining the configuration and opening / closing operation of a conventional vehicle back door opening / closing device.

[Explanation of symbols] 11 car body 12 Rear opening 12A, 12B Left and right edges of the opening 12 13 back door 13A Backdoor top edge 13B, 13C Left and right edges of the back door 13 14 Roof part of the vehicle body 11 14A roof rear 15 Link members 15A Link member 15 front end 15B Rear end of link member 15 16 Telescopic stay member 17A, 17B Pivot shaft (pin) 18 Locking ring 19 recess 20 Connection member 21 Closure lock mechanism 22 Operation lever C1, C2 Pins 17A, 17B axis center line

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Bibliography Flat 3-62981 (JP, U) Full-blown Sho 62-151120 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60J 5/10 E05D 15/38

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A back door equipped at a rear opening of a vehicle body, one end of which is pivotally attached to an upper edge portion of the back door to rotatably support the back door, and the other end of which is the rear portion of the vehicle body. A link member pivotally attached to the rear part of the roof in front of the opening so as to move the turning center of the back door, and the left and right edges of the back door and the rear opening facing the left and right edges of the back door. A retractable stay member interposed between the left and right edges , a spring member capable of exerting a biasing force against the load of the back door, and a spring member of the back door. a damper member that can regulate the pivotal movement is provided Rutoto
Moni, first pivot axis between the link member and the back door, and該Ri
The second pivot shaft between the link member and the rear part of the roof is
Is arranged such that the axis line of the link member is oriented in the vehicle width direction, and the link member has one end thereof directed rearward of the second pivot shaft.
The first position of the beam and the one end of the second shaft in front of the second pivot shaft.
Pivots about the second pivot axis to and from a second position toward
And a lock mechanism that can fix the link member in the first position.
A back door opening / closing device for vehicles, characterized by being provided . 2. The back door is uniform left and right around the axis.
So that the link members move in the vehicle width direction.
Characterized in that a left and right pair are provided separately from each other.
The opening / closing device for a vehicle back door according to claim 1. 3. A space between the pair of left and right link members.
A connecting member for connecting these link members to each other is interposed.
The vehicle back according to claim 2, characterized in that
Door opening and closing device. 4. The link member has a required length in the vehicle width direction.
Characterized in that it is formed in a plate shape having,
The vehicle back door according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
Switchgear. 5. The upper surface of the rear portion of the roof is provided with the first position.
That recess capable of housing the link member is formed
Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
Back door opening and closing device. 6. A biasing force exerted by the spring member.
Until the back door is opened to a predetermined opening.
Issued to open the back door against the weight of the door.
And the back door is opened within a predetermined opening range or more.
When opened, the weight of the back door is almost offset.
It is exhibited as follows.
An opening / closing device for a vehicle back door according to any one of the preceding claims.