JP3194092U - Circuit breaker for earthquake wiring - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a circuit breaker for seismic wiring that prevents an electrical fire due to human error at home after an earthquake disaster. A circuit breaker for seismic wiring 1 uses a current breaker body 3 and a weight 6a connected to the tip of an operation knob 5 via a string-like body 6b to drop the current from a mounting table 6c. Gravity drop type breaking means 6 that cuts off the breaker body 3 and a housing 2 that accommodates them, and the housing 2 has an opening / closing part 7 that allows access to the inside, In addition, it has a transparent or semi-transparent window body 7a for confirming the internal state, and the window body 7a is formed in a breakable thin plate shape, and can access the current breaker body 3 after the breakage. Become. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a circuit breaker for preventing an electrical fire caused by an earthquake disaster or earthquake.

In the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake caused by the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake that occurred on January 17, 1995,
In particular, electric fires in general households became a problem.

This electric fire is secondary, that is, it often occurs when the commercial power distribution system is restored and power is resumed at each house. This is because power was supplied even though the indoor wiring system of each house and the equipment demanded were damaged by the earthquake, causing electric leakage and short circuit.

  Based on this reflection, a number of devices and equipment that automatically detect the vibration caused by the earthquake and automatically turn off the circuit breakers for wiring, etc., that is, the circuit breakers for earthquake wiring, were put to practical use. . For example, the one disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known as one that has been widely spread to general households.

  However, in the Great East Japan Earthquake caused by the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011, many electric fires occurred in ordinary households using circuit breakers for earthquakes.

Unlike the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake described above, this is often due to so-called personal negligence.

In other words, the reason is that the power is supplied even though the indoor wiring system of each house and the demand equipment are damaged due to the earthquake, causing leakage, short circuit, etc. There is no big difference, however, that the power consumers themselves have implemented the resumption of power supply.

Once an indoor wiring system or equipment that has undergone major fluctuations has been checked by a specialist as a general rule and confirmed safety, it should not be energized. However, on the other hand, since power is one of the most needed for disaster recovery, especially in the provisional form, the commercial power distribution system is restored quickly and power is supplied to the entrance of each household. Supplied.

  For this reason, power consumers particularly affected by earthquakes want to use commercial power as soon as possible, so the circuit breakers that have been automatically turned off can be used for indoor wiring systems and demand equipment. A fire accident will result if the product is manually turned on without confirming safety.

  In fact, in the Great East Japan Earthquake, most households using earthquake circuit breakers had an electrical fire due to this pattern.

From then on, the earthquake circuit breaker manufacturers and other electric power companies, local governments, etc. easily “turned off” or manually turned off the circuit breakers that were “turned off” after the earthquake. "The contents that should not be made" are now called.

  However, in the first place, the scientific mechanism of this electric fire is extremely difficult, and it is difficult to answer the questions of electric power consumers, and there is a limit to relying on the so-called individual minds. For this reason, there is an urgent need to establish an appropriate and fundamental model for automatically preventing fire accidents, especially for households.

JP 2006-164649 A

Generally, a circuit breaker for wiring is considered to break all currents exceeding the rated current value, and the root cause of an electrical fire is the cause even if an earthquake circuit breaker is used. At this point.

The most important factor in considering the safety capability of a circuit breaker for wiring is the short-circuit current rating. This is because all circuit breakers have the disadvantage that they cannot in principle interrupt large currents exceeding their short circuit current ratings.

The short circuit current rating value of the circuit breaker is lower than the maximum supply current value of the power company's final transformer, and there is an extreme short circuit fault (low impedance of several ohms) in the indoor wiring system and demand equipment. When the short circuit, that is, the formation of a large current circuit) overlaps, the circuit breaker for wiring does not operate, and fires are generated from the wiring and equipment that become the current path.

In the case of a small circuit breaker for general household use, the short-circuit current rating is about 1 (kA) to 5 (kA). If a large current exceeding this rating passes through the circuit breaker, It does not operate and fails in the “ON” state, that is, in the energized state.

Actually, the maximum supply current value of the power company's final transformer is often larger than the short circuit current rating of the circuit breaker, but usually an extreme short circuit failure of the indoor wiring system or demand equipment cannot occur The circuit breaker works normally.

However, it is different during an earthquake disaster. For this reason, an earthquake wiring breaker that has not yet reached an extreme short-circuit failure and automatically disconnects the wiring breaker at the beginning of shaking has been put to practical use.

Furthermore, for this reason, it becomes more problematic after the earthquake. The indoor circuit system that is short-circuited at a plurality of locations is easily energized, that is, once the circuit breaker is manually turned on, the circuit breaker is never turned off again.

  Even if a power customer watches the smoke or fire from the wiring or equipment, he cannot rush to turn the circuit breaker off again, and the fire goes on. This is the same for all current seismic circuit breakers intended to be “off”.

The first measure to prevent such a situation is to increase the short circuit current rating value of the circuit breaker for wiring. However, in the case of a circuit breaker having contacts, in principle, the contact gap must be increased. In addition, it must be placed in a vacuum, mineral oil (insulating oil) or inert gas atmosphere, and it is a problem that it is large and expensive. It is extremely difficult.

The second measure is to reduce the maximum supply current value of the power company's final transformer. In this case, however, many small transformers will be required. It is unrealistic, especially in urban areas and residential areas that require a lot of power, and there are no examples of implementation.

The third measure is a contactless overcurrent circuit breaker that can provide a large short-circuit current rating in principle, that is, a fuse that uses a low-melting-point metal or a low-melting-point alloy represented by lead as an electrical conductor. It is placed in front of the circuit breaker, which is commonly adopted today and is arranged as a lead-in fuse in the lead-in wire to each door.

However, since fuses cannot in principle deal with electric leakage, open phase accidents, etc., it is necessary to prepare a power circuit breaker for electric power consumers, that is, a precise and complicated mechanism corresponding to this at each door. It becomes expensive. Therefore, in reality, in the case of a household circuit breaker, it is usually limited to a so-called earth leakage breaker as a general countermeasure against earth leakage, and it is also considered to respond to a short-circuit accident peculiar to an earthquake disaster that becomes extremely low impedance. There are no examples.

In addition, in principle, if a metal that is liquid at room temperature is used as an electrical conductor, an ideal circuit breaker with a large resistance to short-circuit current can be obtained, but metals that are liquid at room temperature on the earth are mercury and sodium. A potassium alloy (sodium 22 (%), potassium 78 (%) (weight ratio) has a melting point of about −11 (° C.)), and both are dangerous substances that are extremely difficult to handle. It has been put into practical use as a large circuit breaker for power transmission more than half a century ago, but in principle it is difficult to take measures against external leakage of substances and there is no improvement method. Even today, even research has been discontinued, as using them in household circuit breakers is not only costly, but may result in an increased overall risk.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the inventor has found that the above problem cannot be solved by the conventional improvement in principle. Once the indoor wiring system and consumer equipment that had experienced major fluctuations are reviewed by a specialist as a general rule, return to the general principle that power must be turned on only after confirming safety. As a result of diligent research, we studied how to achieve without depending on the emotions of electric power consumers from the viewpoint of not only engineering but also ergonomics and psychology. We have reached the present invention that can obtain an excellent electric fire prevention effect in the event of an earthquake disaster simply by utilizing the.

  In order to achieve the above object, the seismic wiring breaker of the present invention is connected to the current breaker main body in which the operation knob is moved downward and to the tip of the operation knob via a string-like body. A gravity drop type breaking means that makes the current breaker body “cut” by using the fall of the weight that has been dropped, and a housing that houses the current breaker body and the gravity drop type breaking means inside The housing has an opening / closing portion that allows access to the current breaker body and the gravity drop type breaking means, and the state of the current breaker body and the gravity drop type breaking means can be confirmed. A transparent or semi-transparent window body, and the window body is formed in a thin plate shape that can be broken, and can access the current breaker body and the gravity drop type breaking means after the breakage. It is characterized by.

  The earthquake circuit breaker of the present invention is characterized in that it is connected between a commercial power lead-in line and a main MCCB of an existing distribution board of a power consumer.

  The current breaker body of the earthquake circuit breaker according to the present invention is a non-trip breaker.

  In addition, the current breaker main body of the earthquake circuit breaker of the present invention is a general-purpose MCCB, and the allowable current value of passage is larger than the rated current value of the main MCCB of the existing distribution board of the power consumer, And the short circuit current rated value is larger than the maximum supply current value of the final transformer of the electric power company or the short circuit current rated value of the lead-in fuse.

  Further, the window body of the present invention is a plate-like body made of a synthetic resin, and a groove portion is formed in a “x” shape on the surface inside the housing.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively prevent an electric fire caused by resuming the supply of commercial power due to the negligence of an electric power consumer in an ordinary household, especially during an earthquake disaster. In addition to earthquake disasters, for example, it is possible to provide an earthquake circuit breaker that can easily and reliably start and stop power supply depending on the presence or absence of a power consumer in, for example, rental housing.

  In other words, according to the present invention, the circuit breaker for seismic wiring is assumed to be used as a power draw trunk for power consumers, and a gravity drop type breaker is mechanically installed in the operation knob of a non-trip breaker or general-purpose MCCB. Housed in a housing with a locking mechanism prevents the indoor wiring system that has undergone major fluctuations and the power customer from re-entering an easy shut-off before the safety confirmation by a specialist in the equipment Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of an electric fire.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the circuit breaker for seismic wiring has a synthetic resin confirmation window through which the inside of the housing can be seen through, so that the electric power customer himself confirms that the power supply is stopped due to the earthquake. In this way, it is possible to easily check the state.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the breaker for seismic wiring is used for the door of the housing even after the safety check by the specialist of the indoor wiring system and the demand equipment that has been greatly shaken due to confusion caused by the earthquake disaster. If the casing cannot be opened because the key to open the door cannot be found and power supply cannot be resumed, operate the circuit breaker manually by breaking the transparent plastic window, Power supply can be resumed.

  Further, according to the present invention, the seismic circuit breaker can be easily and reliably used in addition to an earthquake disaster by using an operation knob and a locking mechanism according to the presence or absence of a power consumer in a rental housing, for example. The power supply can be started or stopped.

It is a general view of the circuit breaker for earthquake wiring which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is a right view. It is a circuit diagram of the circuit breaker for earthquake wiring concerning the embodiment of the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for implementing an earthquake wiring breaker according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The circuit breaker for earthquake wiring which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a circuit breaker for seismic wiring according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1A, the inside of the housing is shown through a transparent window.

[Outline of circuit breaker for earthquake wiring]
The outline of the seismic circuit breaker according to the present invention will be described. The seismic circuit breaker 1 includes a current circuit breaker body 3 composed of a non-trip breaker or a general-purpose MCCB (Molded Case Circuit Breaker). It is installed inside the housing 2 that surrounds the circuit breaker body 3 and prevents access by power consumers.

  The current breaker body 3 is provided with an operation knob 5 that controls “on” and “off” of the current breaker body 3, that is, opens and closes the electric circuit, and can move up and down. The current breaker body 3 is installed inside the back surface of the housing 2 so that the current breaker body 3 is turned “ON” when operated to “ON” and the current breaker body 3 is turned “OFF” when operated downward.

  Further, connected to the tip of the operation knob 5 is a gravity drop type shut-off means 6 that can automatically turn the operation knob 5 “off” when an earthquake is detected. The gravity drop type breaking means 6 acts as an earthquake breaking mechanism for the current breaker main body 3, and uses the fall of the spherical weight 6a, and the current breaker main body is caused by the gravity caused by the drop of the weight 6a. 3 can be set to “OFF”.

[Case configuration]
The housing 2 is provided with a door 7 corresponding to the shape of the housing 2 as an opening / closing part on the front side thereof, and one side of the rectangular door 7 is fixed to the housing 2 by a hinge 7c so as to be freely opened and closed. Locking means 7 b is arranged on the other side of the 7.

  The locking means 7b locks the door 7 to prevent an electric power consumer from accessing the current breaker main body 3, and is constituted by a locking mechanism arranged at the door 7 and the corresponding portion of the casing 2. It is what is done. In the present invention, an electric power company, etc. owns and manages the unlocking means such as a key, thereby effectively preventing an electric fire due to the resumption of commercial power supply due to the negligence of a power consumer in an ordinary household, especially in an earthquake disaster Is.

  Further, the door 7 is transparent or semi-transparent so as to occupy the central portion thereof, that is, the inside of the housing 2 can be seen through between the locking means 7b and the hinge 7c and the state of the current breaker body 3 can be confirmed. A plate-like window body 7a is arranged, and the window body 7a has a thickness and a structure that can be broken in an emergency, and can resume power supply in an emergency.

  As an example of the present embodiment, an openable / closable door via a hinge has been described as an example of an open / close section. However, as a modified example, if the door can be opened / closed, a slide-type door or a lid that can be removed is used. Of course, it is also possible.

[Configuration of current breaker body]
The current breaker body 3 is used by being connected between the commercial power lead-in line and the main MCCB of the existing power consumer distribution board. Further, the current breaker body 3 is a current breaker (including an overcurrent breaker) molded from the viewpoint of safety, and is, for example, a mold type and does not have an overcurrent automatic breaker function. A non-trip breaker is used.

  In addition, when the circuit breaker used for the current circuit breaker body 3 is a general-purpose MCCB, in selecting the circuit breaker, the permissible current value is the rated current value of the main MCCB of the distribution board of the existing power consumer. And the short circuit current rating value must be greater than the maximum supply current value of the power company's final transformer or the short circuit current rating value of the lead-in fuse.

  The same is true for non-trip breakers. However, unlike general-purpose MCCB, a non-trip breaker has a simple and robust switch structure, and in most cases, the above-mentioned requirements can be easily met.

[Configuration of gravity drop-type blocking means]
The gravity drop type breaking means 6 is housed inside the housing 2 together with the current breaker main body 3, and the state can be confirmed through the window body 7 a similarly to the current breaker main body 3.

  The gravity drop type blocking means 6 includes a weight 6a, a string-like body 6b, and a mounting table 6c. That is, one end of the string-like body 6b is connected to the tip of the operation knob 5 so that the operation knob 5 is automatically turned off when an earthquake is detected, and the other end of the string state 6b is connected to the weight 6a. Has been. The string-like body 6b is configured by a flexible string, a chain, or the like.

  The weight 6a connected to the tip of the operation knob 5 by the string-like body 6b is placed on a placement part (6c, 6d) fixed to the inside of the back side of the housing 2 at the normal time, The string-like body 6b is placed on the placing portion with play so that it falls from the placing portion due to the shaking during the earthquake. Further, since the weight 6a needs to fall within the housing 2 and automatically turn the operation knob 5 “off”, the weight 6a is adjusted to a length that does not contact the bottom surface of the housing 2 when dropped.

  As an example, the mounting unit is configured by a mounting table 6c and a mounting plate 6d, and is mounted or fixed on the mounting plate 6d protruding from the inside of the back surface of the housing 2 and the upper part thereof. The mounting table 6c is formed in a disc shape, and a concave portion is formed at the center of the main surface thereof, so that the spherical weight 6a can be mounted in the shape of the mounting table 6c in normal time. It has become. In addition, as long as this mounting base 6c can mount the spherical weight 6a, it is natural that an annular member etc. may be sufficient.

  When an acceleration exceeding a predetermined acceleration is applied due to the earthquake, the weight 6a is detached from the mounting table 6c as the mounting unit and freely falls. Since the weight 6a is connected to the operation knob 5 by the string 6b, the operation knob 5 of the current breaker body 3 is moved downward by the force generated at this time, and the current breaker body 3 is electrically insulated. State. Although this gravity drop type | mold interruption | blocking means 6 may be a general purpose thing, it is calculated | required to pass the predetermined | prescribed earthquake acceleration operation test.

[Configuration of window]
The window 7a arranged so as to occupy the central portion of the door 7 is a transparent or translucent thin plate that can be broken with a hammer or the like, and covers the opening 7d provided integrally with the central portion of the door 7. It is arranged in. As a result, the inside of the housing 2 can be seen through, and the state of the current breaker body 3 and the gravity drop type breaking means 6 can be confirmed. Further, in an emergency, the window body 7a can be destroyed. The access to the main body 3 is made possible and the power supply can be resumed.

  Therefore, specifically, the plate-like transparent or translucent member constituting the window 7a is a synthetic resin plate-like member such as a styrene resin plate having a thickness of 2 mm, and at least the destruction of the window 7a. Later, the size is such that an adult can insert an arm and operate the operation knob 5. Thereby, confirmation of the inside of the housing | casing at the time of a normal time and destruction of the window body 7a in an emergency are ensured. This styrene resin has high rigidity and brittle properties, and further has a high electrical insulation ratio, is easily colored, and can be easily made into a colored transparent body or colored translucent body for the purpose of calling attention. It focuses on a certain thing.

  Further, the window body 7a is pasted so as to cover the opening 7d of the door 7 with an adhesive such as silicon rubber having high elasticity in order to prevent water leakage. This sticking is performed by applying an adhesive to the periphery of the opening 7d and the marginal portion of the peripheral edge of the plate-like transparent or translucent body that is larger than the opening 7d (sticking part 7a2).

  In the present embodiment, the window 7a is pasted from the outside of the housing 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is naturally possible to paste the window 7a from the inside of the housing 2. is there.

  Further, a groove 7a1 having a V-shaped cross section on the inner side and having a width wider than the inside of the housing 2 is formed in a "x" shape on the window 7a. In FIG. 1A, the groove portion 7a1 is indicated by a broken line, but this is for ease of viewing the drawing. In the present embodiment, the groove portion 7a1 is not a broken line but is actually formed as a continuous groove portion.

  For example, the groove portion 7a1 is formed in a plate-like styrene resin having a thickness of 2 mm to a depth of 0.5 mm, so that it can be broken when an adult hits it strongly with a hammer.

  As is the case with many high-rigidity synthetic resins, for example, the styrene resin in this embodiment uses a weaker tensile force than a compressive force, and forms a V-shaped groove on the inner surface of the casing of the window 7a. As a groove having a V-shaped cross section, stress is concentrated on the tip, causing cracks to be generated and breaking, and the impact of the hammer is easily broken as a tensile force. .

Therefore, the plate-like transparent or translucent body constituting the window body 7a is not particularly styrene resin, and may be any synthetic resin having mechanical properties and electrical properties with respect to the same impact, for example, Of course, it is possible to use an acrylic resin or the like having a higher static pressure strength for those installed in places where there is a risk of being broken by a gust of wind or the like.

[Circuit configuration of the current breaker body]
The circuit configuration of the current breaker body will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a circuit breaker for earthquake wiring according to an embodiment of the present invention. The interruption circuit 30 has an internal contact incoming line terminal 31 connected to a commercial lead-in line and an internal contact outgoing line terminal 32 connected to the main MCCB of the distribution board of an existing power consumer. When the operation knob 5 is pushed up, The internal contact input terminal 31 and the internal contact output terminal 32 are electrically connected, and when the operation knob 5 is depressed, the internal contact input terminal 31 and the internal contact output terminal 32 are electrically insulated.

  Moreover, since the weight 6a is connected to the operation knob 5 via the string-like body 6b, when the weight 6a falls from the mounting table 6c (FIG. 1A) at the time of an earthquake, the weight 6a falls. The operation knob 5 is automatically pushed down, and the internal contact input terminal 31 and the internal contact output terminal 32 are electrically insulated.

[Operation and usage of circuit breaker for earthquake wiring]
The action and method of use of the earthquake circuit breaker will be described with reference to FIG. Once the seismic wiring breaker 1 is actuated due to the earthquake (when the weight 6a falls and the operation knob 5 enters the "off" state), the locking means 7b is operated to unlock the door 7 The power supply is not resumed unless it is opened and the operation knob 5 is pushed up by hand.

  For this reason, no matter how much the power consumer operates the main MCCB of the existing distribution board, the power supply is not resumed. In order to resume power supply, it is necessary to operate the locking means 7b to unlock, open the door 7, and push up the operation knob 5 by hand to restore the initial state.

  Therefore, the electric utility or the like owns and manages the keys for operating the locking means 7b, so that an electric fire caused by resumption of commercial power supply due to the negligence of power consumers in general households can be obtained. It can be effectively prevented.

  Moreover, the electric power consumer can easily visually check whether or not the earthquake circuit breaker 1 has been operated through the window body 7a, and informs an electric power company or the like of the fact that the earthquake breaker 1 has operated. It is possible to request a wiring system and safety confirmation response for demand equipment.

  Furthermore, for example, in a large-scale wide-area earthquake damage and recovery work, the electric utility that owns the key of the locking means 7b becomes confused, and if the key is lost or cannot wait until the arrival of the key, etc. In such a case, of course, since there is no key or the like, the locking means 7b cannot be unlocked, and power feeding cannot be resumed. In that case, an electric utility or the like can urgently divide the window 7a with a hammer or the like, push up the operation knob 5 by hand, and promptly resume power supply.

  In addition to earthquake disasters, for example, in rental housing, etc., in accordance with the presence / absence of power consumers, it is easy and reliable to manage the keys for operating the locking means 7b, etc. The power supply can be started and stopped, which contributes to the prevention of so-called theft.

  The invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from its essential characteristics. Therefore, it is needless to say that the above-described embodiments are exclusively explanatory and do not limit the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Circuit breaker for earthquakes 2 Case 3 Current breaker body 5 Operation knob 6 Gravity drop type breaking means 6a Weight 6b String-like body 6c Mounting table (mounting part)
6d Placement plate (placement part)
7 Door (opening / closing part)
7a Window 7a1 Groove 7a2 Adhering part 7b Locking means 7c Hinge 7d Opening 30 Breaking circuit 31 Internal contact input terminal 32 Internal contact output terminal

Claims (5)

A current breaker body in which the state where the operation knob has moved downward is "off"
Gravity drop type interruption means that makes the current breaker main body “cut” by using the fall of a weight connected to the tip of the operation knob via a string-like body,
A housing that accommodates the current breaker body and the gravity drop breaker inside;
The housing has an opening / closing portion that allows access to the current breaker main body and the gravity drop type breaking means, and the state of the current breaker main body and the gravity drop type breaking means can be confirmed. Having a transparent or translucent window;
The window body is formed in a breakable thin plate shape, and can access the current breaker body and the gravity drop type breaking means after breaking.   2. The seismic wiring circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the seismic wiring circuit breaker is connected between a commercial power lead-in line and a main MCCB of an existing distribution board of a power consumer. .   The circuit breaker for earthquake wiring according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the current breaker main body is a non-trip breaker.   The main body of the current breaker is a general-purpose MCCB, the permissible current value is larger than the rated current value of the main MCCB of the existing distribution board of the power consumer, and the short-circuit current rated value is the final value of the power company The circuit breaker for seismic wiring according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a maximum supply current value of the transformer or a short circuit current rating value of the lead-in fuse is larger.   The said window body is a synthetic resin plate-shaped body, The groove part is formed in the surface inside the said housing | casing in the shape of "x", The Claim 1 thru | or 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. A circuit breaker for earthquake wiring according to any one of the above.

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