JP3012231B1 - Rotary friction device - Google Patents

Abstract

Kind Code: A1 A rotary friction device having a simpler structure in addition to being able to constantly generate a stable frictional force with respect to a rotational motion and easily controlling the magnitude of the frictional force. To provide. A cylindrical rotating body that rotates about an axis, a large number of roller arrays arranged along substantially a rotation trajectory on a circumferential surface of the cylindrical rotating body, and a cylindrical rotating body with each roller interposed therebetween. A cylindrical frame body that is opposed in the radial direction is provided, and a holding body that rotatably holds each roller at an interval from each other is fixed to the cylindrical frame body, and each roller by the holding body includes the cylindrical rotating body and The opposing surfaces of the cylindrical frame are formed so as to be parallel to the rotation axis of the rotator, and the rolling axis of each roller forms a predetermined angle with respect to the cross section including the rotation axis of the rotator. And a roller arranged so that adjacent rollers cancel each other in the direction of the rotation axis with respect to the cylindrical rotating body.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention belongs to the technical field of a rotary friction device used as a mechanism for imparting an arbitrary resistance by frictional force to the rotational motion of various machines.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, bearings known as one of mechanical elements include a sliding bearing for supporting a shaft-side member via lubricating oil and a rolling bearing for supporting a shaft-side member via a ball or a roller. Since these are all aimed at always rotating the shaft-side members smoothly, the frictional resistance between the members is made as small as possible. Therefore, since the bearing does not control the rotational force by giving resistance to the rotating member, when it is desired to regulate the rotational speed to a constant like an automatic door closing mechanism, a damping device such as a shock absorber or a damper is required. Has been added.

A mechanism such as a clutch, a tri-limiter, or a brake is known as a device that generates sliding friction between two rotating members. The purpose of the present invention is to transmit power while generating a rotation difference according to the load between the respective members by utilizing the above.

[0004]

Incidentally, in the above-described sliding bearing, if lubricating oil is interposed between the respective members in an ideal state, the sliding bearing operates with extremely small frictional resistance equivalent to that of a rolling bearing. However, it is extremely difficult to always supply the lubricating oil in an ideal state, and there is a drawback that the two surfaces that often slide directly contact each other to greatly increase the frictional force. In addition, in a rotating mechanism using a bearing, if it is desired to regulate the rotation speed to a constant value, there is no appropriate method other than adding an expensive damping device, which increases the cost, complicates the structure and increases the size. There was a problem that it would be. Furthermore, in a mechanism that transmits power using sliding friction, such as a clutch, it is extremely difficult to regulate the friction force in a semi-connected state to a constant level.
In particular, when one member is rotating at a low speed with respect to the other member, static friction and dynamic friction intermittently act on the two sliding surfaces, and the frictional force becomes extremely unstable. Is liable to occur.

For this reason, the present inventor has already regulated the moving speed to a constant value without adding a special mechanism to the rotational motion of the object, or generated a stable and easily controllable resistance force. Techniques for imparting arbitrary resistance to the rotational movement of various machines have been proposed as Patent Nos. 2733200 and 2801153. Among these inventions, the outline of the invention of Japanese Patent No. 2801153 is based on a rotating body that rotates about an axis, a number of rollers arranged along the rotation orbit of the rotating body, and a rotating body with each roller interposed therebetween. A radially opposed passive body, and a holding body for rotatably holding each roller at an interval from each other are provided, and the opposing surfaces of the rotating body and the passive body are respectively parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating body. Formed so that the rolling axis of each roller is inclined so as to form a predetermined angle with respect to the cross section including the rotation axis of the rotating body, and at least a part of the rotating body or the passive body can be moved to the roller side. The rotary friction device has a problem that a passive body and a part of the passive body are always formed so as to be movable and a member and a rotary body are required in addition to the gauge for holding the roller. Was.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to generate a stable frictional force with respect to the rotational motion in the invention of the above-mentioned prior art Patent No. 28011532. Moreover, it is another object of the present invention to realize a rotary friction device having a simpler structure in addition to being able to easily control the magnitude of the frictional force.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is directed to a cylindrical rotating body which rotates about an axis, and a substantially rotating surface of the cylindrical rotating body. A large number of roller rows arranged along a track, and a cylindrical frame body radially opposed to the cylindrical rotating body with the respective rollers interposed therebetween are provided, and the rollers are rotatably held at intervals from each other. The holding body is fixed to the cylindrical frame, and each roller is formed by the holding body so that opposing surfaces of the cylindrical rotating body and the cylindrical frame are respectively parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating body, and
The rolling axis of each of the rollers is inclined and fixed so as to form a predetermined angle with respect to the cross section including the rotating axis of the rotating body, and the adjacent rollers are in the axial direction of the cylindrical rotating body with respect to the cylindrical rotating body. Is a rotary friction device arranged so as to cancel the force of moving. The function is as follows. When the cylindrical rotating body is rotated with a load applied to the cylindrical frame side, each roller rolls while being in contact with the cylindrical rotating body. At this time, each roller rotates along the rotation trajectory of the cylindrical rotator while the holding member restricts the roller from rolling in a direction inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation trajectory of the cylindrical rotator. A frictional force proportional to the load is generated between the cylinder and the rotating body, and each roller generates sliding friction while rolling, so that stable frictional force is always obtained without dynamic friction without static friction.
In addition, the cylindrical rotating body rotates along a rotating orbit without a special guide mechanism.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 2 is based on the invention according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of roller rows arranged substantially along the rotation trajectory comprises a plurality of annular roller rows. And a rotating friction device provided with an adjusting means for displacing the cylindrical rotating body in the axial direction. In addition to the function of the first aspect, the function can change the frictional force on the cylindrical rotating body only by displacing the cylindrical rotating body in the axial direction.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the first aspect of the invention, a large number of roller rows arranged substantially along a rotation trajectory are helical roller rows. And a rotating friction device provided with an adjusting means for displacing the cylindrical rotary body in the axial direction. The effect is
In addition to the function of the first aspect, the frictional force on the cylindrical rotating body can be continuously changed only by displacing the cylindrical rotating body in the axial direction.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [Embodiment 1] A first embodiment in which a rotary friction device of the present invention is applied to a rotary brake will be described.
First, the principle of operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the rotary friction device,
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a part of the plane, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are explanatory views schematically showing the operation thereof. The rotary friction device of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a roller composed of a desired cylindrical rotary body 1 moving in the rotation direction A and a number of rollers 3 arranged along a rotary orbit (dot-dash line) A1 with respect to the cylindrical rotary body 1. A plurality of rows are provided, and a holding body 4 that rotatably holds each roller 3 is provided, and each holding body 4 is fixed to the rotating track frame 2 provided along the rotating track A1. Each roller 3
Has a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction, the diameter of both ends is slightly smaller than the diameter of the central portion, is a drum-shaped cylindrical shape, and is formed so as to make surface contact with the peripheral surface of the cylindrical rotating body 1. Are arranged at equal intervals in two rows in the longitudinal direction of the body 1,
Both ends of each roller 3 are rotatably supported by a low friction member such as a bearing of the holding body 4. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the rolling axis B of each roller 3 is formed so as to be inclined by an angle θ or −θ with respect to a cross section C orthogonal to the moving direction of the cylindrical rotator 1.

In the rotary friction device constructed as described above, as shown in FIG. 3, when the cylindrical rotary body 1 is moved with a load F applied to the rotary track frame 2 side, each roller 3 is moved. It rolls while being in contact with the cylindrical rotating body 1. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, each roller 3 tries to roll in a direction inclined by an angle θ with respect to the rotation trajectory of the cylindrical rotator 1 (in the direction of a dashed line) by a holder 4 such as a bearing. Since the rotation is performed while being regulated, a friction force proportional to the load F in the axial direction B is generated between each roller 3 and the cylindrical rotating body 1. At this time, since each roller 3 generates sliding friction while rolling, a stable resistance force due to dynamic friction is always obtained without generating static friction. Even if static friction occurs in the initial stage, the roller 2 rolls. The movement instantaneously shifts to kinetic friction. In addition, if the load on the cylindrical rotating body 1 is released, it is possible to arbitrarily obtain a state in which no frictional force is generated. Further, the cylindrical rotating body 1 has a frictional force f in the same direction in the left-right direction and opposite directions.
1, f2, but they cancel each other out, and as a result, they rotate along the rotation trajectory A1.
The cylindrical rotor 1 does not shift in the axial direction of the cylinder at the same time as the rotation. That is, it is configured such that it does not move in the axial direction by itself due to the rotation of the cylindrical rotating body, but can be moved only in the axial direction by adjusting means (not shown) with an appropriate external force to displace in the axial direction. I have.

As described above, according to the rotary friction device of the present embodiment, the rolling axis B of each roller 3 is moved in the moving direction A of the cylindrical rotating body 1.
Is inclined so as to form a predetermined angle θ or −θ with respect to a cross section C perpendicular to the rotation direction, so that the sliding friction is generated while rolling each roller 3. An arbitrary resistance proportional to the load on the rotating track frame 2 can be applied, and the resistance of the cylindrical rotor 1 can be controlled very easily by changing the load. At this time, since the sliding friction involves rolling of each roller 3, a stable frictional force can be always obtained without generating static friction which causes stick-slip. Of course, the above-mentioned frictional force (braking force) can be adjusted by changing the angle θ, but the braking force can also be adjusted depending on the diameter of the roller and the surface material of the roller.

In the above-described embodiment, the cylindrical rotating body 1
In order for the cylindrical rotor 1 not to be displaced in the cylindrical axis direction by its own rotation so that the cylindrical rotor 1 travels along the rotation orbit A1, the pair of rollers have the same absolute value with respect to the traveling direction of the cylindrical rotor 1. Is set at an angle θ (−θ) and the force in the left-right direction is canceled out by arranging the rollers in a C-shape, but they may be arranged in an inverted C-shape. As shown in FIG. The angle θ and −θ may be alternately and repeatedly arranged in a zigzag manner with respect to the traveling direction of the object to cancel the force in the left-right direction. Therefore, an adjusting means (not shown) for adjusting the frictional force by displacing the cylindrical rotator 1 in the axial direction by an external force, although the cylindrical rotator 1 itself is not displaced in the axial direction, is provided.

A more specific configuration of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 on the basis of the above-described operation principle. FIG. 6 shows the main parts of the roller 3 and the holder 4. FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining the whole of the first embodiment. In FIG. 6 (a), the free roller 3 is rotatably held at both ends 31 via bearings 41 of the holding body 4, and the bearing 41 spans the support frame 42 of the pair of holding bodies 4. The legs 44 of the support frame 42 of the pair of holders 4 are fixed to the rotating track frame 2 along the rotating track. FIG. 6 (b)
, The leg portion 44 is fixed to the moving track frame 2 with a bolt 45, but one leg portion 44 is provided with an arc-shaped long hole 461 serving as an angle adjusting mechanism 46, and the bolt 3 holds the roller 3 at a predetermined position. And fixed to the frame 2. Further, FIG.
In (c), the end of the rotating shaft 43 is a vertically movable shaft 431 having a rectangular cross section, and is fitted in a vertically long slot 462 provided in the holding part 4 so as to be vertically movable and always has a spring. 47
Is pressed upward. The end of the rotating shaft 43 is restricted in the left-right direction by a locking member 433 such as a bolt.
Therefore, the roller 3 can move in the vertical direction (arrow b).

Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the roller 3 is moved in the direction of the cylinder axis by its own rotation so that the roller 1 advances along the rotation path A1, as shown in FIG. In order not to cause a displacement, the pair of rollers are rotated at the same angle θ (−
θ) and arranged so as to cancel the force in the left-right direction by arranging the first annular roller row 3a, and forming the second annular roller row 3b and the third annular roller row 3b having the same configuration. A plurality of annular roller rows 3c of the n-th annular third roller row.

Next, the operation will be described. Because of the above-described configuration, the cylindrical rotating body 1 is moved in the direction of arrow A2 by appropriate adjusting means (not shown) for displacing the cylindrical rotating body 1 in the axial direction. A first annular roller row 3a fixed to the inner periphery of the rotary track frame 2 by a holding body 4 (not shown in FIG. 7)
When the cylindrical rotating body 1 rotates in the rotation direction A when the roller group is brought into contact with the roller group in the area D, a stable resistance force (friction force
(Braking force) will be applied, and will eventually stop. Then, when the cylindrical rotating body 1 is further moved in the direction of arrow A2 by the adjusting means and penetrates into the region E, the above-described resistance increases, and similarly, the cylindrical rotating body 1 is moved in the direction of arrow A2 to form the region F. , The resistance further increases. Accordingly, without adjusting the angle of the roller, the resistance force (friction force / braking force) can be easily and always stabilized according to the degree of moving the cylindrical rotating body 1 in the direction of arrow A2.
Can be adjusted. In the present embodiment, the roller 3 is fixed to the inner periphery of the rotary track frame 2. However, the rotating member may be an outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder of the roller may be provided on the outer periphery. The cooling effect is excellent with respect to the frictional heat generated at the time.

In order to further increase the braking force of the roller 3 shown in FIG. 6 and to make effective use of the braking energy applied to the cylindrical rotating body 1, as shown in FIG.
A generator 48 may be provided on the holding frame 42 of the holding body 4 at one end 311 of the power generator 48. In this case, the braking force is added,
If the output of the generator 48 is stored in a battery, it can be used as a power source for related electronic devices.

[Embodiment 2] A second embodiment in which the rotary friction device of the present invention is applied to a rotary brake will be described. However, as shown in FIG. Although there is no duplicate description, the cylindrical rotator 1 does not cause a displacement in the cylinder axis direction by its own rotation so that the cylindrical rotator 1 travels along the rotation trajectory A1 on the roller 3. As shown in FIG. 5, which explains the above-described working principle, the rollers are arranged in a zigzag manner by alternately repeating the angles θ and −θ with respect to the traveling direction of the cylindrical rotating body 1 so as to cancel the force in the left-right direction. Forming a first annular roller row 3d, forming a plurality of roller annular row groups of a second annular roller row 3e having the same configuration,..., And an n-th annular third roller row. ing.

The operation when the rollers are arranged in this manner is similar to that of the first embodiment, in that the cylindrical rotating body 1 is moved in the direction of arrow A2 by the adjusting means, and 4 (not shown in FIG. 7), the first annular roller row 3a is fixed to the roller group in the area G,
When the cylindrical rotating body 1 rotates in the rotation direction A, a stable resistance force (frictional force / braking force) is always applied,
Further, when the cylindrical rotary body 1 is moved in the direction of arrow A2 and penetrates into the region H, the resistance increases, and the cylindrical rotary body 1 is moved in the direction of arrow A2 without adjusting the angle of the roller. Accordingly, it is possible to easily adjust the magnitude of the application of the stable resistance force (friction force / braking force). Further, in the case of the present embodiment, for example, even within the range of the region G,
The resistance (frictional force
It is possible to adjust the magnitude of the application of the braking force, and at the same time, to cancel the force acting in the left-right direction. In the present embodiment, the roller 3 is fixed to the inner periphery of the rotary track frame 2, but the rotating body may be an outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the roller may be provided on the outer periphery. In this embodiment, The cooling effect is excellent for the frictional heat generated in the roller.

[Embodiment 3] A third embodiment in which the rotary friction device of the present invention is applied to a rotary brake will be described. However, as shown in FIG. Is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the overlapping description is omitted. However, the center line 3f of the three rows of rollers is spiral, and a pair of rollers is formed along the spiral center line 3f as shown in FIG. The same absolute value of the angle θ (−
θ) and arranged in a C-shape so as to negate the force in the left-right direction. Needless to say, a roller row may be arranged in an inverted C-shape, or as shown in FIG. 5, a roller row may be arranged in a zigzag manner by alternately repeating the angles θ and −θ with respect to the traveling direction of the cylindrical rotating body 1. .

In the case of this embodiment, the cylindrical rotating body 1 is continuously moved in the direction of arrow A2, and the resistance (frictional force / braking force) is continuously changed according to the degree of penetration of the cylindrical rotating body 1. The size of the application can be adjusted. Also, in this embodiment, the roller 3 is fixed to the inner periphery of the rotary track frame 2, but the rotating body may be an outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the roller may be provided on the outer periphery.
In the case of this embodiment, as in the other embodiments, the cooling effect is excellent with respect to the frictional heat generated in the roller.

It is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment unless the characteristics of the present invention are impaired. The present invention can be applied to many mechanical mechanisms such as a drive shaft clutch mechanism, an automatic door closing device, an elevator braking mechanism, a shock absorbing mechanism of an automobile or the like, and a seat belt braking mechanism.

[0023]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the cylindrical rotating body that rotates about the axis and the cylindrical rotating body are arranged along substantially the rotation trajectory of the circumferential surface. A plurality of roller rows and a cylindrical frame that is radially opposed to the cylindrical rotating body with each roller interposed therebetween are provided. Each roller is fixed by the holding body, and the opposing surfaces of the cylindrical rotator and the cylindrical frame are formed so as to be parallel to the rotation axis of the rotator, and the rolling axis of each roller is set. Incline and fix so as to form a predetermined angle with respect to the cross section including the rotation axis of the rotating body, and cancel out the force of the adjacent rollers moving in the axial direction of the cylindrical rotating body with respect to the cylindrical rotating body. Since the rotating friction device is arranged, the cylindrical rotating body is When the roller is rotated with a load applied to it, each roller rolls while contacting the cylindrical rotating body, and each roller tends to roll in a direction inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation trajectory of the cylindrical rotating body. Moving along the rotation trajectory of the cylindrical rotating body while being regulated by the holder, a frictional force proportional to the load is generated between each roller and the cylindrical rotating body, and each roller rolls to generate sliding friction. Because of the generation of static friction, the effect of obtaining a stable resistance force due to dynamic friction without generating static friction is obtained, and the effect that the cylindrical rotating body moves along the moving path without a special guide mechanism is also obtained. .

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the plurality of roller rows arranged substantially along the rotation trajectory are formed into a plurality of annular roller rows, and the cylindrical rotary body is supported by an axis. Since the rotational friction device is provided with an adjusting means for displacing in the direction, in addition to the effect of claim 1, by simply displacing the cylindrical rotating body in the axial direction, the frictional force on the cylindrical rotating body can be easily changed, The effect that maintenance is easy is obtained.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the plurality of roller rows arranged substantially along the rotation trajectory are helical roller rows, and the cylindrical rotary body is moved in the axial direction. Since the rotating friction device is provided with the adjusting means for displacing, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the frictional force on the cylindrical rotating body can be easily and continuously changed only by displacing the cylindrical rotating body in the axial direction. The advantage is that the maintenance is easy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a rotary friction device showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a rotary friction device.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the operation of the rotary friction device.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the operation of the rotary friction device.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing an arrangement of rollers of another embodiment of the rotary friction device of the present invention.

6A is a longitudinal sectional view of the roller of the present invention, FIG. 6B is a plan view, and FIG. 6C is a side view.

FIG. 7 is an overall schematic view of a rotary friction device according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a roller according to another embodiment different from the roller shown in FIG. 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an overall schematic view of another embodiment of the rotary friction device of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a further overall schematic view of the rotary friction device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A: Rotation direction of cylindrical rotating body A1: Rotational orbit of cylindrical rotating body A2: Traveling direction of cylindrical rotating body B: Roller axis direction C: Cross section orthogonal to rotation direction A D: Area of first roller row 3a E: Area of the second roller row 3b G: Area of the third roller row 3c H: Area of the first roller row 3d J: Area of the second roller row 3e F: Moving body load f1, f2: sliding friction force DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cylindrical rotating body 2 ... Rotation track frame body 3 ... Rollers 3a, 3d ... 1st roller row 3b, 3e ... 2nd roller row 3c ... 3rd roller row 3f ... Center line of a spiral roller row 31,311 ... Roller End 4: Roller holder 41 ... Bearing 42 ... Holding frame 43 ... Roller center shaft 431 ... Vertical movable shaft 432 ... Long hole 433 ... Locking member 44 ... Leg 45 ... Bolt 46 ... Roller angle adjusting mechanism 461 ... Circular arc Slot 47 ... Spring 48 ... Generator

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-29019 (JP, A) JP-A-4-4312 (JP, A) JP-A-8-135661 (JP, A) JP-A-8-108 74843 (JP, A) JP-A-11-51044 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16C 19/38 F16C 33/36 F16D 41/06

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cylindrical rotating body that rotates around an axis, a number of roller rows arranged along substantially a rotation orbit of a circumferential surface of the cylindrical rotating body, and a cylindrical rotating body with each roller interposed therebetween. A cylindrical frame body that is radially opposed to each other is provided, and a holding body that rotatably holds the respective rollers at an interval from each other is fixed to the cylindrical frame body. And the opposing surfaces of the cylindrical frame are respectively formed so as to be parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating body, and the rolling axis of each of the rollers has a predetermined angle with respect to a cross section including the rotating axis of the rotating body. A rotating friction device characterized in that the rollers are arranged so as to be inclined and fixed so as to cancel each other and the force of the adjacent rollers to move in the axial direction of the cylindrical rotator with respect to the cylindrical rotator. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of roller rows arranged substantially along the rotation trajectory are a plurality of annular roller rows, and an adjusting means for displacing the cylindrical rotary body in an axial direction is provided. The rotary friction device according to claim 1, wherein 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of roller rows arranged substantially along the rotation path are helical roller rows, and an adjusting means for displacing the cylindrical rotary body in an axial direction is provided. The rotary friction device according to claim 1, wherein