JP2634111B2 - Spindle drive in machining equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machining apparatus in which a main shaft is swingably supported on an apparatus body and is rotatable around its own axis. The present invention relates to a device for driving.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional processing apparatus, in order to smoothly perform a curved surface processing or the like of a work, a spindle is configured to be swingable (rotatable) with respect to a spindle head, and its direction can be freely changed. Devices are known that have made it possible.

FIG. 4 shows a spindle head of a 5-axis machining apparatus as one example. In the figure, the head cover 9
The main shaft holding member 93 is rotatably supported at 0 by bearings 91 and 92 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis. A spur gear 94 is fixed to a left end portion of the spindle holding member 93, and a gear (not shown) of a driving mechanism for rotating and driving the spindle holding member is engaged with the spur gear 94.

The spindle holding member 93 has a cylindrical spindle holding portion 93b at the center, and a bearing 9 is provided in the spindle holding portion 93b.
The main shaft 96 is rotatably held around its own axis via the fifth shaft 5, and a first bevel gear 97 is fixed to the upper portion of the main shaft 96 so as not to rotate with respect to the main shaft 96. On the other hand, a bevel gear support shaft 98 is provided on a side wall (right side in the figure) of the head cover 90 opposite to the side on which the spur gear 94 is provided.
Is fixed so as not to rotate, and a second bevel gear 100 is rotatably mounted on the bevel gear support shaft 98 via a bearing 99. A spur gear 102 is integrally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second bevel gear 98.
A spur gear 1 of a drive transmission mechanism connected to a drive source (not shown)
01 is engaged.

The center axis 93a of the main shaft holding member 93 and the center axis of the bevel gear support shaft 98 (ie, the second
The rotation center axis 98a of the bevel gear 100 is aligned on a straight line.

In such a spindle head, a spindle drive source (not shown) is stopped to fix the spur gear 101 connected thereto, and the rotation drive mechanism of the spindle holding member 93 is operated to operate the spur gear 94 and the spur gear 94. By rotating the spindle holding member 93 integrally, the spindle 9 held by the spindle holding member 93 is rotated.
6 can be changed freely. Here, since the rotation center axis 93a of the main shaft holding member 93 and the center axis 98a of the bevel gear support shaft 98 are on a straight line, the first bevel gear 97 is in the second position while the main shaft holding member 93 is rotating. The first bevel gear 97 and the main shaft 96 continue to be engaged with the bevel gear 100, and idle with each other. Further, the rotation drive mechanism is stopped to fix the spur gear 94 and the main shaft holding member 93, and in this state, a drive source (not shown) is operated to rotationally drive the spur gear 101 connected thereto. The second bevel gear 100 meshed with the spur gear 101 is rotated, and the first bevel gear 97 and the main shaft 96 meshed with the second bevel gear 100 are integrally rotated to perform the processing. Become.

[0007]

In the above apparatus, since the bevel gear support shaft 98 intersects with the main shaft 96 and the main shaft holding member 93 due to the layout of the bevel gear, both ends of the bevel gear support shaft 98 are covered with the head covers. 90 cannot be supported. Therefore, as shown, the bevel gear support shaft 98 is in a cantilever state in which only one end thereof is fixed to the head cover 90, and is therefore attached to the free end of the bevel gear support shaft 98. The second bevel gear 100 is easily displaced by bending of the bevel gear support shaft 98, and is in a state of being largely fluctuated particularly when a main shaft load fluctuates.
By adding such a displacement to the appropriate amount of backlash between the bevel gears 97 and 100, the tooth surface of one bevel gear 100 (97) is changed to the other bevel gear 97 (10).
The tooth surface of 0) is hit, and this is a major factor of the spindle head vibration, which greatly hinders the improvement of machining accuracy.

In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a spindle drive device of a machining apparatus capable of improving machining accuracy by suppressing displacement of a bevel gear when a load changes. .

[0009]

According to the present invention, a main shaft holding member is attached to an apparatus main body so as to be rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft, and the main shaft holding member has a plurality of main shafts. In a processing device held rotatably around its own axis via a bearing, a first bevel gear fixed around the main shaft between the bearings, rotatably supported by the device body, And a bevel gear support member arranged so that its rotation center axis is aligned with the rotation center axis of the main spindle holding member, and the first bevel gear rotatably supported by the bevel gear support member. An engaged second bevel gear, and a drive transmission mechanism for transmitting a driving force from a drive source to the second bevel gear; and an end of a bevel gear support member closer to the main shaft and the main shaft holding member. The members are linked so that they rotate together. One in which the.

Further, in performing the connection, a connecting member for connecting the bevel gear support member and a portion of the main shaft holding member located on the opposite side to the bevel gear support member with the main shaft interposed therebetween while avoiding the main shaft. (Claim 1).

Further, the bevel gear supporting member is formed in a round shaft shape, and the connecting member is constituted by a connecting member main body having a shape avoiding the main shaft and a round shaft fixed shaft. The fixed shaft, the connecting member main body, and the bevel gear support member are integrally formed in this order so that the center axis of the bevel gear support member is aligned with the same straight line, and the main shaft holding member is formed along the rotation center axis thereof. By providing a fitting hole and fitting and fixing the fixed shaft into the fitting hole, a more excellent effect as described later can be obtained (claim 2).

[0012]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the bevel gear supporting member is rotatably supported by the apparatus main body,
The end of the bevel gear support member near the main shaft and the main shaft holding member are connected so that the bevel gear support member rotates integrally with the main shaft holding member. The support rigidity of the bevel gear support member is increased and the amount of bending thereof is reduced as compared with the case of the cantilever beam state. Thereby, the displacement of the second bevel gear attached to the bevel gear support member is suppressed. Further, even if the bevel gear support member is rotatably attached to the apparatus main body, if the main shaft holding member to which the bevel gear support member is connected is fixed, the bevel gear support member can also be fixed. Therefore, in this state, the second
The bevel gear can be driven to rotate.

In addition, since the bevel gear support member and the portion of the main shaft holding member located on the opposite side of the bevel gear support member with the main shaft interposed therebetween are connected while avoiding the main shaft, the conventional art The bevel gear support member and the main shaft holding member can be connected with the same compact structure as that of the first embodiment.

Further, according to the apparatus of the second aspect, the fixed shaft and the bevel gear supporting member can be formed by a lathe or the like in one centering operation, and the fixed shaft is formed on the main body of the main shaft holding member. The connection between the main shaft holding member and the bevel gear connecting member can be performed only by fitting and fixing the fitting holes.

[0015]

FIG. 3 shows a processing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
That is, a 5-axis machining apparatus is shown as an example of a machining apparatus in which the main shaft is configured to be able to swing with respect to the apparatus main body. In the drawing, reference numeral 10 denotes an attachment type head cover (apparatus main body) detachably mounted on a ram main body (not shown).
Are mounted rotatably about a horizontal axis, and a main shaft 14 extending in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal axis is held in the main shaft holding member 12 so as to be rotatable about its own axis.

The internal structure is shown in FIGS. As shown in the drawing, the spindle holding member 12 has a substantially cylindrical spindle holding portion 1.
2a, and a supported shaft portion 12b extending from the main shaft holding portion 12a to one side (left side in FIG. 1), and a side wall (right side wall in the figure) opposite to the supported shaft portion 12b in the main shaft holding portion 12a. Is provided with a horizontal through hole 12c. The pivoted support portion 12b is rotatably supported on one side wall (the left side wall in FIG. 1) of the head cover 10 via a bearing 16, and the peripheral edge of the through hole 12c is formed on the opposite side wall via the bearing 17. (Right side wall in Fig. 1)
It is supported rotatably. A spur gear 20 is integrally fixed to an end of the shaft-supported portion 12b located outside the head cover 10, and a spur gear 20 is provided on the spur gear 20 to rotate the main shaft holding member 12. A gear (not shown) is meshed.

In the spindle holding portion 12a, the upper portion of the spindle 14 is rotatably held by a bearing 13, and a tool mounting portion 14a provided at the lower end of the spindle 14 has a bearing 1a.
5 rotatably held.

An outer peripheral surface of a portion of the main shaft 14 located immediately below the bearing 13 is provided with a main shaft 1 through a key (not shown).
The first bevel gear 22 is mounted so as not to rotate relative to the first bevel gear 4. A cylindrical spacer 24 is interposed between the first bevel gear 22 and the lower bearing 15, and a male screw 26 is provided on the main shaft 14 immediately above the mounting portion of the first bevel gear 22. A nut 28 is fastened to this, and the nut 28 and the spacer 24 position the first bevel gear 22 in the axial direction.

The side wall of the head cover 10 opposite to the side wall supporting the pivoted support portion 12b (FIG. 1)
, A round shaft-shaped bevel gear support member 30 is rotatably supported on the right side wall via a bearing 32. For more information,
In a state where the bevel gear support shaft 30 is fitted into the bearing 32, a nut 33 is fastened to a male screw portion 30a formed at an outer end portion (right end portion in the drawing) of the shaft 32.
The position of the bevel gear support shaft 30 is set such that the rotation center shaft 30a of the bevel gear support shaft 30 is aligned with the rotation center shaft 44a of the spindle holding member 12. Also,
The inner end (the left end in the figure) of the bevel gear support shaft 30 is in a state facing the inside of the main shaft holding member 12 through the through hole 12c.

A second bevel gear 34 is rotatably mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the bevel gear support shaft 30 via a bearing 36, and the second bevel gear 34 is attached to the first bevel gear 22. Has been engaged. This second bevel gear 3
A spur gear 38 is formed integrally with the outer peripheral surface of 4, and a spur gear 40 of a drive transmission mechanism connected to a drive source (not shown) is meshed with the spur gear 38.

Further, as a feature of this device, the end (the left end in FIG. 1) of the end of the bevel gear support shaft 30 that is closer to the main shaft 14 is connected to the connecting member main body 42 and the fixed shaft 44.
Is connected to the main shaft holding member 12 via a connecting member made of Specifically, the bevel gear support shaft 30, the connecting member main body 42, and the fixed shaft 44 are integrally formed in this order by the same material, and the center shaft 30a of the bevel gear support shaft 30 and the fixed shaft 44 are The center axis 44a is arranged so as to be aligned on the same straight line.

As shown in FIG. 2, the connecting member main body 42 is formed in a ring shape having a through hole at the center through which the main shaft 14 passes. The fixed shaft 44 is connected to a surface (the left side surface in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the connecting member body 42 opposite to the surface to which the bevel gear support shaft 30 is connected.

The fixed shaft 44 is connected to the bevel gear support shaft 3.
0, and is formed in a round shaft shape.
, The second bevel gear 34 with the main shaft 14 interposed therebetween.
Is fixed to the portion opposite to the above, that is, to the supported shaft portion 12b. Specifically, a fitting hole 12d having a circular cross section is formed through the pivoted support portion 12b along the rotation center shaft 44a, and the fixed shaft 44 is fitted into the fitting hole 12d. 44 is a fixed plate 45 and a pin 4
6, and is fixed to the main spindle holding member 12 side so as not to rotate relatively.

Next, the operation of this device will be described.

First, in a state where a main shaft drive source (not shown) is stopped and the spur gear 40 and the second bevel gear 34 are locked,
By rotating the spur gear 20 and the spindle holding member 12 integrally by a rotation drive mechanism (not shown), the direction of the spindle 14 held by the spindle holding member 12 can be adjusted as desired. At this time, the bevel gear support shaft 30 that supports the second bevel gear 34 rotates integrally with the connecting member main body 42, the fixed shaft 44, and the spindle holding member 12 in a state where the second bevel gear 34 is stationary. Will do. Further, the rotation center shaft 44a of the spindle holding member 12 and the second bevel gear 3
4 are arranged on the same straight line, the two bevel gears 22 and 3 are rotated while the main shaft holding member 12 is rotating.
4, the first bevel gear 22 and the main shaft 14 rotate freely around their own axes in accordance with the rotation while the second bevel gear 34 is fixed.

Next, the rotation drive mechanism is stopped to lock the spur gear 20 and the spindle holding member 12. In this state, the spindle drive source is operated and the driving force is transmitted to the spur gear 40 via the spur gear 40. When input to the second gear 38, the second bevel gear 34 integrally formed with the spur gear 38 is driven to rotate, and at the same time, the first bevel gear 22 and the main shaft 14 meshed with the second bevel gear 34 are driven to rotate integrally. Thus, the processing is advanced. At this time, the bevel gear support shaft 30 is attached to the head cover 10.
However, since the main shaft holding member 12 is fixed, the bevel gear support shaft 30 is also fixed so as not to rotate, so that the head cover 90 is attached to the head cover 90 as shown in FIG. Like the device in which the bevel gear support shaft 98 is fixed, the second bevel gear 34 can be driven to rotate favorably.

According to such an apparatus, not only the outer end of the bevel gear support shaft 30 is supported by the head cover 10, but also the inner end (ie, the end closer to the main shaft 14) connects the main shaft 14. Avoid the connecting member body 42
And is fixed to the main shaft holding member 12 via the fixed shaft 44, so that the bevel gear support shaft 98 is provided as shown in FIG.
The support rigidity of the bevel gear support shaft 30 is dramatically increased as compared with the conventional structure in which the cantilever beam is provided, and the bending thereof is suppressed. Accordingly, the displacement of the second bevel gear 34 supported by the bevel gear support shaft 30 is also suppressed. Therefore, even if a large load change occurs on the main shaft 14 during machining, the bevel gears 22 and 34 are caused to change. There is almost no striking between the tooth surfaces. Therefore, the vibration of the spindle head vibration caused by the hitting is also suppressed, whereby the processing accuracy can be improved.

Moreover, the bevel gear support shaft 30 and the fixed shaft 4
4 has a round shaft shape, and these center shafts 30a and 44a are arranged on the same straight line, so that the bevel gear support shaft 30 and the fixed shaft 44 can be centered once using a single material. It is possible to easily mold with a lathe etc. just by performing
Further, the fixed shaft 44 is inserted into the fitting hole 1 of the spindle holding member 12.
The connection between the spindle holding member 12 and the bevel gear support shaft 30 can be easily performed only by fitting and fixing the 2d.

Further, the bevel gear support shaft 30 is connected to the shaft support portion 1 via a ring-shaped connecting member main body 42 that avoids the main shaft 14.
The connection to the 2b side allows the bevel gear support shaft 30 and the main shaft holding member 12 to be fixed with a certain strength without being restricted by the layout, with the same compact structure as before. Becomes

The present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, but may take the following forms as examples.

(1) In the above embodiment, the connecting member main body 42
Although a ring-shaped one through which the main shaft 14 can penetrate was shown, other shapes that avoid the main shaft 14, for example, the main shaft 14
The same effect as described above can be obtained by using an arch-shaped connecting member main body that straddles.

(2) In the above embodiment, an example is shown in which the present invention is applied to a 5-axis machining apparatus. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
The main shaft is swingable with respect to the processing device main body, that is, the main shaft is configured to be rotatable around an axis in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction thereof, and is effectively applied to various processing devices in which a bevel gear pair is used for driving the main shaft. It is possible to apply.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention, the bevel gear supporting member for supporting the second bevel gear is configured to be rotatable with respect to the apparatus main body, and the end of the bevel gear supporting member closer to the main shaft. And the main shaft holding member are connected to each other so as to rotate integrally, so that the support rigidity of the bevel gear support member is smaller than that of the conventional device in which the bevel gear support member is in a cantilever state. And the amount of deflection of the bevel gear support member and the amount of displacement of the bevel gear supported by the bevel gear can be reduced. Thereby, the beating between the tooth surfaces of the bevel gear pair at the time of the fluctuation of the spindle load can be suppressed, and the vibration of the processing apparatus due to the hit can be effectively suppressed, thereby contributing to the improvement of the processing accuracy. .

In addition, while avoiding the main shaft, the bevel gear support member and a portion of the main shaft holding member located on the opposite side of the bevel gear support member with the main shaft interposed therebetween are connected by a connecting member. As a result, there is an effect that the bevel gear support member and the main shaft holding member can be reliably connected to each other with the same compact structure as before without being restricted by the layout.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the fixed shaft, the connecting member main body and the bevel gear support member are integrally formed, the fixed shaft and the bevel gear support member can be easily aligned by one centering operation. In addition, the bevel gear support member and the main shaft holding member can be connected by a simple operation of fitting and fixing the fixed shaft into the insertion hole of the main shaft holding member.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional plan view of a five-axis machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the 5-axis machining apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of a conventional 5-axis machining apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Head cover (apparatus main body) 12 Main shaft holding member 12d Fitting hole 13, 15 Bearing 14 Main shaft 22 First bevel gear 30 Bevel gear support shaft (bevel gear support member) 30a Central shaft of bevel gear support member 34 Second bevel gear 38 Spur gear (constituting a part of drive transmission mechanism) 42 Connecting member main body 44 Fixed shaft 44a Central axis of fixed shaft

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A main shaft holding member is attached to an apparatus main body so as to be rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft, and the main shaft is attached to the main shaft holding member through a plurality of bearings. in rotatably retained machining apparatus in a first bevel gear fixed to the periphery of the main shaft between between upper <br/> SL bearing, it is rotatably supported on the apparatus main body, and the center of rotation A bevel gear support member arranged so that a shaft is aligned with the rotation center axis of the main spindle holding member; A second bevel gear, a drive transmission mechanism for transmitting a driving force from a drive source to the second bevel gear, and a bevel gear support member on the side closer to the main shaft while avoiding the main shaft .
Spindle drive in the processing apparatus characterized by comprising a coupling member for coupling a portion of the spindle holding member located on the opposite side of the bevel gear support member in between the end and the upper Symbol main axis. 2. The rotary drive device according to claim 1, wherein the bevel gear supporting member is formed in a round shaft shape, and the connecting member is formed with a connecting member main body having a shape avoiding the main shaft. The fixed shaft, the connecting member main body, and the bevel gear supporting member are integrally formed in this order so that the central axis of the fixed shaft and the central axis of the bevel gear supporting member are aligned on the same straight line. A spindle drive device in a machining apparatus, wherein a fitting hole is provided in the spindle holding member along a rotation center axis thereof, and the fixed shaft is fitted and fixed in the fitting hole.