JP2026010891A - Elevator vibration prevention device and elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator vibration prevention device and an elevator that can easily detect vibrations early and maintain safety.
[Solution]
The elevator sway prevention device of the present invention is an elevator sway prevention device equipped with a main rope that hoists the elevator car, a governor with a speed-regulating function, and a governor rope that hoists the governor weight of the governor, characterized in that the natural period of the governor rope is configured to match the natural period of the building, the governor rope is equipped with a detection means for detecting rope sway, and the elevator is stopped before the main rope sways too much and interferes with the elevator's operation.
[Selected figure] Figure 8

Description

The present invention relates to an elevator vibration prevention device and an elevator.

Traditionally, elevators in tall buildings have been equipped with long-period sensors to estimate the swing amplitude of the rope and safely stop the elevator to prevent the rope from getting caught. Other countermeasures for rope sway include using the magnetic force of a permanent magnet to amplify the swing at the end of the rope and lower the resonant frequency, suppressing swing by temporarily stopping the elevator at a non-resonant floor using controlled operation, and installing movable anti-sway bars inside the tower to directly suppress swing. These basically monitor and detect the main rope. In reality, many buildings do not allow for long-period sensors to be installed in the hoistway space, and long items such as the main rope and governor rope can get caught on equipment inside the tower.

Patent Document 1 discloses technology for an elevator system that detects the sway of a rope installed in a hoistway and performs controlled operation. The technology includes a position detection means that detects the position of the car or counterweight, a displacement detection means that detects the amount of vertical displacement of the car or counterweight, and a lateral sway calculation means that calculates the amount of lateral sway of the rope from the displacement amount based on a predetermined formula.

JP 2010-184747 A

However, Patent Document 1 requires complex calculations and does not take into consideration the ability to detect shaking early.

The object of the present invention is to provide an elevator anti-sway device and elevator that can easily detect sway early and maintain safety.

The elevator sway prevention device of the present invention is equipped with a main rope that suspends the elevator car, a governor with a speed-regulating function, and a governor rope that suspends the governor weight of the governor. The device is configured so that the natural period of the governor rope matches the natural period of the building, and the governor rope is equipped with a detection means for detecting rope sway, and is characterized by stopping the elevator before the main rope sways too much and interferes with elevator operation.

Alternatively, the elevator of the present invention is equipped with a main rope that hoists the elevator car, a governor with a speed-regulating function, and a governor rope that hoists the governor weight of the governor, and is configured so that the natural period of the governor rope matches the natural period of the building, and the governor rope is equipped with a detection means for detecting rope sway, and the elevator is stopped before the main rope sways too much and interferes with the elevator's operation.

The present invention provides an elevator anti-sway device and elevator that can easily detect sway early and maintain safety.

This is a perspective view showing the main structure of an elevator (with machine room). This is a top view showing the main structure of the elevator (with machine room). This is a perspective view showing the main structure of an elevator (without machine room). This is a top view showing the main structure of the elevator (without the machine room). FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the swing of ropes in the governor system and the car system. 1 shows the main structure of an elevator equipped with a vibration prevention mechanism according to a first embodiment. 3 shows an example of a vibration prevention mechanism according to the first embodiment. 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams illustrating adjustment of the natural frequency of the anti-vibration mechanism according to the first embodiment. 1 shows the main structure of an elevator equipped with a vibration prevention mechanism according to a second embodiment.

The following describes examples of the present invention with reference to the drawings. The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. The examples are illustrative for explaining the present invention, and have been omitted or simplified as appropriate for clarity of explanation. The present invention can also be implemented in various other forms. Unless otherwise specified, each component may be singular or plural.

The position, size, shape, range, etc. of each component shown in the drawings may not represent the actual position, size, shape, range, etc. in order to facilitate understanding of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the position, size, shape, range, etc. disclosed in the drawings.

The elevator to which this embodiment is applied will be explained using Figures 1 to 4, both with and without a machine room.

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the main structure of an elevator (with machine room). It mainly comprises a car 6 in which passengers ride, a hoist 1 that hoists the car 6, a governor 2 with a speed-regulating function, a counterweight 3, a control panel 4 that controls operation, a car-side guide rail 5 for the car 6, a landing door 7 used by passengers when boarding, and a buffer 8. Also located is a machine room A in which the hoist 1, governor 2, and control panel 4 are installed.

Figure 2 is a top view showing the main structure of an elevator (with machine room). It shows the layout on a plane. Cage-side guide rails 5 are located at both ends of the car 6, and counterweight-side guide rails 9 are located at both ends of the counterweight pulley 10 and counterweight 11. An entrance/exit is located on one side of wall 17, and a door 18 is installed between the car 6 and wall 17. These are surrounded by wall 17, and a control panel 4 that controls operation is located on the outside of wall 17. The hoisting machine 1 is located approximately in the center.

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the main structure of an elevator (without a machine room). This is the main structure without the machine room A, as opposed to the one shown in Figure 1 with the machine room A. It has a return pulley 12 at the top, and is primarily equipped with a passenger car 6 for passengers, a door opening/closing device 13, an emergency stop device 14, a counterweight-side guide rail 9, a hoist 1, a governor 2, a control panel 4 for controlling operation, a landing door 7 for passengers boarding, and a landing operation panel 7a near the landing door 7. Also installed are a main rope 15, a hoist 1, a governor 2, a control panel 4, a shock absorber 8, etc.

Figure 4 is a top view showing the main structure of an elevator (without a machine room). This shows the main structure and layout in a plan view without a machine room A, as opposed to the one shown in Figure 2 with a machine room A. Counterweight-side guide rails 9 are located at both ends of the counterweight pulley 10 and counterweight 11. The hoist 1 is located on the left side of the drawing. Car-side guide rails 5 are located at both ends of the car 6, an entrance is located on one side of the wall 17, and a door 18 is installed between the car 6 and the wall 17. The control panel 4 is located between the car 6 and the wall 17, and the top pulley 19 and governor 2 are located on the other side of the control panel 4. The governor 2 is surrounded by the wall 17, and the control panel 4 that controls operation is located outside the wall 17. The hoist 1 is located approximately in the center. The under-car pulley 16 and under-car pulley base 16a are also located approximately in the center.

Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram explaining the swaying of the ropes in the governor system and car system. The car system is mainly composed of a hoist 1, a pulley 25, and a car 6, and the pulley 25 and car 6 are suspended by a main rope 15. Here, if the natural period of the main rope 15 matches the natural period of the building, there is a possibility that the main rope 15 will resonate as shown by the arrow in the illustration.

The governor system is mainly composed of a governor 2, a weight pulley 21, and a governor weight 22, which are suspended by a governor rope 20. The diameter of the main rope 15 may be thicker than that of the governor rope 20, or may be the same diameter. In this embodiment, in order to detect swaying of the main rope 15 early, the system attempts to detect swaying of the governor rope 20, which has a smaller diameter than the main rope 15. The elevator car 6 is suspended in a "bucket-style" manner by a counterweight 11 via the main rope 15, which is a wire rope, and moves up and down as the motor of the hoist 1 rotates. Even if the elevator's main rope 15 breaks and the car 6 suddenly drops, the governor rope 20 connected to the car 6 is pulled, activating the governor 2 and the emergency stop device (not shown), which stops the car 6 and prevents it from colliding with the floor.

Figure 6 shows the main structure of an elevator equipped with an anti-sway mechanism according to Example 1. A weight bracket 26 is positioned below the car-side guide rail 5, and the governor rope 20 is swaying between the governor 2 above, the weight pulley 21, and the governor weight 22. A governor anti-sway bracket 24 is positioned approximately in the center of the governor rope 20 in the vertical direction. This governor anti-sway bracket 24 both suppresses and detects the sway of the governor rope 20.

Figure 7 shows an example of a sway prevention mechanism according to Example 1. It is an enlarged view of part B in Figure 6 from above. The governor rope 20 is covered with a sway prevention cover 28 at a predetermined distance. The sway prevention cover 28 is attached to the car-side guide rail 5. A sensor 27 is disposed on the side of the sway prevention cover 28. The sensor 27 may be disposed on either side of the sway prevention cover 28. When the natural period of the building and the natural period of the governor rope 20 coincide, the governor rope 20 resonates. The sensor 27 is installed as a detection means for detecting the sway of the governor rope 20, and can detect vibrations (acceleration, etc.) caused by the sway of the governor rope 20 in the planar direction. The sensor 27, installed on the sway prevention cover 28 of a long object (such as the governor rope 20) with a smaller diameter than the main rope 15, detects the sway of the long object (such as the governor rope 20) with a smaller diameter, and can stop the elevator if the sway of the main rope 15 exceeds a threshold before it becomes too large. If the main rope 15 and governor rope 20 were the same diameter, and the ropes resonated and swayed when they coincided with the building's natural period, the sensor 27 installed on the governor anti-sway cover 28 would detect the sway and stop the elevator.

Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the adjustment of the natural frequency of the anti-sway mechanism according to Example 1. To align the natural period of the governor with the natural period of the building or the natural period of the main rope 15, the natural period can be changed by applying tension to the governor weight 22 (by changing its weight, for example). For example, the period that matches the natural period of the building is calculated, and the height of the governor anti-sway bracket 24 of the governor rope 20 is adjusted. The bracket with the sensor is placed in the position most likely to sway (for example, the center in the vertical direction). It is also possible to change the natural period by changing the weight of the governor weight to vary the tension of the governor rope.

Here, the distance between the governor 2 and the weight pulley 21 is H0, the distance between the governor 2 and the node 30 is H1, the distance between the governor anti-vibration bracket 24 and the node 30 is H2, and the distance from the node 30 to the weight pulley 21 is H3. The node 30 can be formed from a reduced version of the anti-vibration bracket cover.

If the natural period of the main rope 15 coincides with the natural period of the building, the main rope may resonate. Here, if the natural period of a building is, say, 5 s, the building height is 100 m, and the governor rope length H0 is 80 m, then with a governor rope (φ6: 0.12 kg/m) and weight (400 kg), the period will be 4.6 s at 80 m and 5 s at 55 m. To achieve a 5 s period on the governor side, the rope length must be 55 m. For example, a cover that barely prevents the rope from swaying can be installed approximately 25 m (H3) from the weight pulley 21, and a node 30 can be created at a specified location, resulting in a rope length of 55 m. Therefore, a bracket with a sensor is installed 48 m from the weight pulley, where the governor rope 20 is likely to resonate and sway. It is placed approximately 23 m (H2), half the 55 m rope length. Regarding the natural periods, it is sufficient that they match to the extent that resonance occurs.

Governor anti-sway brackets are installed on intermediate floors and at intervals of 15m and 20m each, but in this embodiment, an anti-sway bracket with a sensor is installed near the middle. The sensor is connected to the hall-side control panel on each floor, and wiring is extended to the control panel along with the branch cable to receive power and signals.

Predictive calculations vary depending on the cage's position. Detecting the sway of the main rope is difficult. The resonant period is calculated based on the building's natural period, and the position of the sway prevention bracket is determined. Alternatively, a node can be created to adjust the rope length. It can detect swaying during strong winds, earthquakes, etc.

As described above, the sensor 27 installed on the anti-sway cover 28 of the governor rope 20 detects the swing of the governor rope, which has a small rope diameter, at the building's natural period. This allows for easy and early detection of swing before the main rope, which has a larger diameter and a larger period, swings, allowing the elevator to be stopped appropriately. Detecting the governor rope 20 getting caught and the swing of long objects such as the main rope 15 allows for easy and early stopping of the elevator.

To align the natural period, the natural period can be changed by applying tension to the governor weight 22 (by changing the weight, etc.). Calculate the period that matches the building's natural period, and adjust the height of the governor rope's anti-sway bracket (create a node and fix the rope length). Place the bracket with the sensor in the position most likely to sway (usually near the middle).

A sensor (acceleration sensor or microphone) is attached to this anti-sway cover, and when the governor rope hits it, it detects vibration by vibration, sound, or the number of hits. It is also possible to use the anti-sway bracket as a trigger to detect vibration from the car (load sensor, acceleration sensor). After detection, the rope length changes in an operating mode in which the car moves near the intermediate floor, and rope vibration can be reduced by moving into a non-resonance region.

With the above configuration, the governor anti-sway bracket prevents the governor rope from getting caught due to swinging, and by detecting the amount of governor rope swing due to the building's natural period, it is possible to detect swinging of the main rope, which resonates with the building's natural period, early on before it occurs, reducing the risk of long objects getting caught on equipment inside the tower. By estimating the swing of the main rope from the amount of governor rope swing, an elevator can be provided that reduces the risk of long objects getting caught on equipment inside the tower.

Figure 9 shows the main structure of an elevator equipped with a sway prevention mechanism according to Example 2. This shows the case where multiple governor sway prevention brackets 24 are installed.

The first governor anti-sway bracket 24 is installed in one location in the center of the governor rope 20, which is assumed to be the location most susceptible to vibration when vibration occurs. The second governor anti-sway bracket 24 is installed approximately in the vertical center between the first governor anti-sway bracket 24 and the governor 2. The third governor anti-sway bracket 24 is installed approximately in the vertical center between the first governor anti-sway bracket 24 and the weight pulley 21.
In this way, by installing multiple governor anti-sway brackets 24, the swing of the governor rope 20 can be detected more accurately.

1... Hoist, 2... Governor, 3... Counterweight, 4... Control panel, 5... Cage side guide rail,
6 ... car, 7 ... landing door, 8 ... buffer, 9 ... counterweight side guide rail,
10 ... counterweight pulley, 11 ... counterweight, 12 ... return wheel,
13 ... door opening/closing device, 14 ... emergency stop device, 15 ... main rope, 16 ... under-car pulley,
17...wall, 18...door, 19...top pulley, 20...governor rope,
21... Weight pulley, 22... Governor weight, 23... Governor bracket,
24... Governor anti-vibration bracket, 25... Pulley, 26... Weight bracket,
27: sensor; 28: vibration-preventing cover; 30: joint portion

Claims (10)

An elevator sway prevention device comprising a main rope for hoisting an elevator car, a governor having a speed-control function, and a governor rope for hoisting a governor weight of the governor,
The governor rope is configured so that its natural period coincides with the natural period of the building,
The elevator sway prevention device is characterized in that the governor rope is provided with a detection means for detecting rope sway, and the elevator is stopped before the main rope sways too much and interferes with the elevator's running. The elevator vibration prevention device according to claim 1,
An elevator sway prevention device characterized in that the natural period of the governor rope is adjusted by installing nodes at predetermined locations on the governor rope. The elevator vibration prevention device according to claim 1,
An elevator sway prevention device characterized in that the natural period of the governor rope side is adjusted by adjusting the weight of the governor weight. The elevator vibration prevention device according to claim 1,
An elevator sway prevention device characterized in that the detection means is installed at approximately the center of the governor rope in the vertical direction. The elevator vibration prevention device according to claim 1,
An elevator vibration prevention device characterized in that a plurality of the detection means are installed in the vertical direction of the governor rope. An elevator equipped with a main rope for lifting an elevator car, a governor having a speed-regulating function, and a governor rope for lifting a governor weight of the governor,
The governor rope is configured so that its natural period coincides with the natural period of the building,
The elevator is characterized in that the governor rope is provided with a detection means for detecting rope swing, and the elevator is stopped before the main rope swings too much and the elevator's running is hindered. 7. The elevator according to claim 6,
An elevator characterized in that the natural period of the governor rope is adjusted by installing nodes at predetermined locations on the governor rope. 7. The elevator according to claim 6,
An elevator characterized in that the natural period of the governor rope side is adjusted by adjusting the weight of the governor weight. 7. The elevator according to claim 6,
The elevator is characterized in that the detection means is installed at approximately the center in the vertical direction of the governor rope. 7. The elevator according to claim 6,
An elevator characterized in that a plurality of the detection means are installed in the vertical direction of the governor rope.