JP2025008038A - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a machine tool which can facilitate supply and discharge of a workpiece and changeover conducted when the workpiece is changed.SOLUTION: A machine tool 1 includes: a first spindle unit 10 configured to hold a workpiece W; a movable turret device 30 including a turret 31 to which a tool for processing the workpiece W may be attached; and a workpiece receiver 40 attached to the turret 31. The machine tool 1 causes the turret 31 to rotate to position the workpiece receiver 40. One end of the workpiece W protruding from the first spindle unit 10 is supported by the workpiece receiver 40 and the other end of the workpiece W is supported by the first spindle unit 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

The present invention relates to a machine tool.

Some machine tools are equipped with a turret for selecting the tool to be used for machining, as described in Patent Document 1, for example.

JP 2014-87853 A

In machine tools with turrets, a tool selected by the turret is used to machine a workpiece held by the spindle. In the above-mentioned machining, when feeding or discharging a workpiece, the operator must manually push the workpiece into the stopper position inside the spindle, or manually discharge the workpiece that has fallen into the back spindle after machining, which takes time and places a burden on the operator.

In addition, a stopper is installed inside the spindle to position the workpiece in the longitudinal direction. If the workpiece length or diameter changes, the stopper position must be changed or replaced manually. This meant that changeovers such as replacing the stoppers took time.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above situation, and aims to provide a machine tool that can easily supply and discharge workpieces, as well as change over when changing workpieces.

To achieve the above object, the machine tool according to the present invention comprises a first spindle unit that holds a workpiece, a movable turret device having a turret on which a tool for machining the workpiece can be attached, and a workpiece receiver attached to the turret, the turret is rotated to position the workpiece receiver, one end of the workpiece protruding from the first spindle unit is supported by the workpiece receiver, and the other end of the workpiece is supported by the first spindle unit.

The present invention makes it easy to supply and discharge workpieces, as well as to change setups when changing workpieces.

1 is a schematic plan view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a view taken along the arrow A1 in FIG. 1 and is a schematic front view of the machine tool according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A2-A2 in FIG. 1, showing a cross-sectional view of a first spindle unit of a machine tool according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A3-A3 in FIG. 1, showing a cross-sectional view of a second spindle unit of a machine tool according to one embodiment of the present invention. 1, showing a turret device of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1, (a) is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1, which is a cross-sectional view showing a workpiece receiving unit of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. (b), (c), and (d) are views taken along the arrows A5, A6, and A7 in (a). 5A and 5B are diagrams showing a procedure for manually supplying a workpiece in a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. 7A is a view taken along the line A8 in FIG. 7B, and FIG. 7B is a view taken along the line A9 in FIG. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a state in which machining on the spindle side has been performed in the machine tool according to the embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a diagram showing a procedure for manually discharging a workpiece in a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10A is a view taken along the line A10 in FIG. 10. FIG. 6A to 6C are diagrams illustrating a procedure for removing the pusher in the spindle. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a pusher-preventing nut of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1C and 1D are diagrams showing a nut removal tool for the pusher-preventing nut. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a pusher in a spindle of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a pusher removal tool for the pusher in the spindle, and FIG. 1C is a diagram showing a manner in which a pusher tip portion is removed from a pusher body portion of the pusher in the spindle. 5A to 5D are diagrams showing a procedure for transferring a workpiece from a spindle to a back spindle in a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a procedure for discharging a workpiece after completion of machining on the back spindle side in a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, and 1C is a view taken along the arrow A12 in 1B.

Below, a workpiece receiving device and a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the first spindle unit and the second spindle unit are arranged opposite each other, and the "front" of the first spindle unit means the direction toward the second spindle unit, and the "front" of the second spindle unit means the direction toward the first spindle unit.

First Embodiment
The machine tool 1 shown in Figures 1 to 4 comprises a bed S, which is a platform that supports each component of the machine tool 1, a first spindle unit 10, a second spindle unit 20, a turret device 30, a workpiece receiver 40, and a control unit 300.

The first spindle unit 10 shown in Figures 1 to 3 holds a workpiece W and rotates the held workpiece W around a rotation axis. The first spindle unit 10 includes a first spindle 11 that grips the workpiece W, a first spindle stock 12 that rotatably supports the first spindle 11, and a first spindle rotation drive mechanism (not shown) that rotates the first spindle 11. The first spindle stock 12 is fixed to the upper surface of the bed S.

In the following explanation, a Cartesian coordinate system is defined in which the direction parallel to the rotation axis of the first main shaft 11 is the Z axis, the horizontal direction perpendicular to the Z axis is the X axis, and the vertical direction is the Y axis, and will be referenced as appropriate.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the first spindle unit 10 includes a built-in motor 101, a first spindle chuck 102, a collet chuck 103 for gripping the workpiece W, a draw tube 104, a rotary union 105, an air supply pipe 107, an air supply port 108, a coolant supply pipe 109, a coolant supply port 110, a pusher inside the first spindle 111, a pusher prevention nut 112, a pusher guide pipe 113, a coolant blow pipe 114, a hydraulic cylinder 115, and a connecting part 118.

The built-in motor 101 is housed in the first headstock 12 and rotates the first spindle 11.

The first spindle chuck 102 is fixed to the tip of the first spindle 11, and a leading-edge inclined surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the tip.

The collet chuck 103 is a member that is positioned to fit into the inner peripheral surface of the tip of the first spindle chuck 102 and can clamp or unclamp the workpiece W. The outer peripheral surface of the tip of the collet chuck 103 is formed into a truncated cone shape whose outer diameter increases toward the tip so as to be in contact with the inclined surface of the inner peripheral surface of the tip of the first spindle chuck 102. The inner peripheral surface of the collet chuck 103 is formed so that it can grasp the periphery of the workpiece W. The tip of the collet chuck 103 has three equally divided slots as viewed from the axial direction. The rear end of the collet chuck 103 is cylindrical and has a threaded portion 103a on the outside.

The draw tube 104 is a tubular member whose tip end is attached to the rear end of the connection part 118 by a screw. The inner diameter of the draw tube 104 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pusher guide pipe 113.

The connection part 118 is a hollow member that connects the draw tube 104 and the collet chuck 103. The tip of the connection part 118 is attached to the threaded portion 103a at the rear end of the collet chuck 103.

When the draw tube 104 is sent backward (-Z direction) by the hydraulic cylinder 115 connected to the rear end of the draw tube 104, the collet chuck 103 also moves backward (-Z direction). As a result, the collet chuck 103 fits into the first spindle chuck 102, and the three slots of the collet chuck 103 contract in diameter to grip and clamp the periphery of the workpiece W with its inner peripheral surface.
Furthermore, when the hydraulic cylinder 115 moves the draw tube 104 forward (in the +Z direction), the collet chuck 103 also moves forward (in the +Z direction), whereby the collet chuck 103 is disengaged, the three slots of the collet chuck 103 are enlarged, and the workpiece W is unclamped.

The rotary union 105 is attached to the rear end of the first spindle unit 10, and supplies air and coolant to the inside of the first spindle 11 of the rotating body. The rotary union 105 is connected to an air pressure source and a coolant pump by piping.
Air flows from an air pressure source into air supply pipe 107 and is supplied through rotary union 105 and air supply port 108 into closed space 106 in the spindle. Closed space 106 in the spindle is a closed space composed of rotary union 105, pusher guide pipe 113, first spindle pusher 111, coolant blow pipe 114, etc. Air pressure moves first spindle pusher 111 forward in the +Z direction. Coolant flows from a coolant pump into coolant supply pipe 109 and is supplied through rotary union 105 and coolant supply port 110 into coolant blow pipe 114.

The first spindle internal pusher 111 is a hollow member composed of a pusher body 111a having a shape in which cylinders of different outer diameters are combined in multiple stages, and a pusher tip 111b on the tip side having an outer diameter smaller than that of the pusher body 111a. The pusher tip 111b is formed so that the outer periphery of the tip is tapered, and is attached to the pusher body 111a. The outer periphery of the pusher body 111a slides against the inner periphery of the pusher guide pipe 113, and the inner periphery of the pusher body 111a and the pusher tip 111b slide against the outer periphery of the coolant blow pipe 114. When the air supply is stopped, the first spindle internal pusher 111 can be pushed back by hand or by the workpiece W from the outside.

Pusher fall-out prevention nut 112 is an externally threaded nut attached to the tip of pusher guide pipe 113. By attaching pusher fall-out prevention nut 112, the end face of pusher body 111a of first main shaft pusher 111 comes into contact with pusher fall-out prevention nut 112, preventing first main shaft pusher 111 from falling out forward.
The pusher guide pipe 113 is disposed inside the draw tube 104 and serves to guide the first spindle internal pusher 111 .

The pipe 114 for coolant blowing is a hollow pipe through which coolant for coolant blowing flows. The tip of the pipe 114 for coolant blowing has an outer diameter that passes through the first spindle internal pusher 111 and the workpiece W, which is a long pipe material. Coolant supplied from the coolant pump through the coolant supply piping 109 flows through the rotary union 105 and the coolant supply port 110 into the pipe 114 for coolant blowing and is supplied to the workpiece W. The coolant blow in the first spindle unit 10 is used to prevent chips from entering the first spindle unit 10. Since chips pass through the long pipe material workpiece and enter the first spindle stock 12 of the first spindle unit 10, coolant is supplied from the pipe 114 for coolant blowing in the workpiece W to prevent the chips from entering.
A stepped portion 114a having a large outer diameter is formed on the -Z side of the coolant blow pipe 114. The stepped portion 114a stops the first spindle internal pusher 111 from moving rearward.

The second spindle unit 20 shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4 is positioned opposite the first spindle unit 10 in the Z-axis direction, receives the workpiece W from the first spindle unit 10, and rotates it about a rotation axis extending in the Z-axis direction. Like the first spindle unit 10 described above, the second spindle unit 20 includes a second spindle 21 that grips the workpiece W, a second spindle stock 22 that rotatably supports the second spindle 21, and a second spindle rotation drive mechanism (not shown) that rotates the second spindle 21. In addition, the second spindle unit 20 includes a second spindle movement mechanism 23 that moves the second spindle stock 22 in the Z-axis direction.

As shown in FIG. 4, the second spindle unit 20 includes a built-in motor 201, a second spindle chuck 202, a collet chuck 203, a draw tube 204, an air cylinder 207, a coolant supply pipe 209, a pusher in the second spindle 211, a pusher pipe 214, a hydraulic cylinder 215, a connecting part 218, and a connecting part 219.

The built-in motor 201 is housed in the second headstock 22 and rotates the second headstock 21.

The second spindle chuck 202 is fixed to the tip of the second spindle 21, and a leading-open inclined surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the tip.

The collet chuck 203 is a member that is positioned to fit into the inner peripheral surface of the tip of the second spindle chuck 202 and can clamp or unclamp the workpiece W. The outer peripheral surface of the tip of the collet chuck 203 is formed into a truncated cone shape whose outer diameter increases toward the tip so as to be in contact with the inclined surface of the inner peripheral surface of the tip of the second spindle chuck 202. The inner peripheral surface of the collet chuck 203 is formed so that it can grasp the periphery of the workpiece W. The tip of the collet chuck 203 has three equally divided slots as viewed from the axial direction. The rear end of the collet chuck 203 is cylindrical and has a threaded portion 203a on the outside.

The draw tube 204 is a tubular member whose tip end is attached to the rear end of the connection part 219 by a screw. The inner diameter of the draw tube 204 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pusher tip end 211b.

The connection part 218 and the connection part 219 are each hollow members that connect the collet chuck 203 and the draw tube 204. The tip of the connection part 218 is attached to the threaded portion 203a at the rear end of the collet chuck 203, and the rear end of the connection part 218 is attached to the tip of the connection part 219 by a screw.

When the draw tube 204 is sent backward (in the +Z direction) by the hydraulic cylinder 215 connected to the rear end of the draw tube 204, the collet chuck 203 also moves backward (in the +Z direction). As a result, the collet chuck 203 fits into the second spindle chuck 202, and the three slits of the collet chuck 203 contract in diameter to grip and clamp the periphery of the workpiece W with its inner peripheral surface.
Furthermore, when the hydraulic cylinder 215 moves the draw tube 204 forward (in the -Z direction), the collet chuck 203 also moves forward (in the -Z direction), which disengages the collet chuck 203, expands the diameter of the three slots in the collet chuck 203, and unclamps the workpiece W.

The second spindle internal pusher 211 is a hollow member composed of a pusher body 211a having a shape in which cylinders of different outer diameters are combined in multiple stages, and a pusher tip 211b on the tip side having an outer diameter larger than that of the pusher body 211a. The pusher tip 211b is attached to the pusher body 211a in a tapered, approximately conical shape. The outer peripheral surface of the pusher tip 211b slides against the inner peripheral surface of the draw tube 204, and the hollow part at the rear end of the pusher body 211a is connected to a pusher pipe 214. A hole for blowing coolant is opened in the center of the second spindle internal pusher 211, and it can be used as a second spindle coolant blower by supplying coolant from the pusher pipe 214 connected to the rear end of the second spindle internal pusher 211.

The pusher pipe 214 is connected to the rear end of the pusher body 211a of the second spindle internal pusher 211. A cylindrical pipe joint 217 is connected to the rear end of the pusher pipe 214. The coolant supply pipe 209 connected to the coolant pump is attached to the upper part of the pipe joint 217. The coolant supplied from the coolant pump flows through the coolant supply pipe 209 and the pipe joint 217 into the inside of the pusher pipe 214 and is supplied to the workpiece W. The coolant blow in the second spindle unit 20 is used to prevent chips from entering the second spindle unit 20. Chips pass through the long pipe workpiece and enter the second spindle stock 22 of the second spindle unit 20, so coolant is supplied from the coolant blow pipe 114 to prevent them from entering.

The air cylinder 207 is a device that extends parallel to the pusher pipe 214 and can be expanded and contracted by air. The end of the movable part of the air cylinder 207 is connected to the rear end of the pusher pipe 214 via a flat connecting member 216 and a piping joint 217 fixed to the connecting member 216. Therefore, by operating the air cylinder 207, the second spindle pusher 211 can be advanced and retreated via the pusher pipe 214. Note that the stroke of the air cylinder 207 can be adjusted, for example, by providing a stopper, so that the stroke can be changed to any desired value depending on the length and shape of the workpiece W so that the pushed-out workpiece W is placed on the appropriate surface of the workpiece receiver 40.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, the turret device 30 includes a turret 31, a support 32, a turret Z-axis movement mechanism 33, a turret Xt-axis movement mechanism 34, a tool 35, a Z-axis slide 36, an Xt-axis slide base 37, and an Xt-axis slide 38.

A Z-axis slide 36 movable in the Z-axis direction is disposed on the bed S. An Xt-axis slide base 37 is disposed on the upper surface of the Z-axis slide 36 in parallel with the Xt axis in Fig. 5. An Xt-axis slide 38 movable in the Xt-axis direction is disposed on the Xt-axis slide base 37.
Here, the Xt axis in this specification is an axis that is perpendicular to the Z axis (horizontal direction) like the X axis (horizontal direction), but is parallel to the movement direction of the turret 31 and angled upward from the workpiece W side with respect to the X axis.

The turret 31 is configured to be able to hold multiple types of tools 35, such as bits and drills, arranged radially around the outer periphery.

The support section 32 is disposed on the Xt-axis slide 38, and supports the turret 31 so that it can rotate about a rotation axis 31c extending in the Z-axis direction. A turret rotation motor (not shown) that rotates the turret 31 is disposed on the support section 32. The turret rotation motor rotates the turret 31 to index one of the multiple types of tools 35 mounted on the outer periphery of the turret 31, or the workpiece receiver 40 that supports one end of the workpiece W. In the description of this specification, indexing the tool 35 or the workpiece receiver 40 means positioning the tool 35 at a position where the tool 35 processes the workpiece W, or the workpiece receiver 40 at a position where the workpiece W is placed, in the circumferential direction of the turret 31.

The turret Z-axis moving mechanism 33 moves the Z-axis slide 36 in the Z-axis direction.
The turret Xt-axis moving mechanism 34 moves the Xt-axis slide 38 in the Xt-axis direction in Fig. 5. As the turret device 30 moves in the Z-axis and Xt-axis directions, the indexed tool 35 cuts into and cuts the workpiece W. In this embodiment, since the Xt-axis direction is oblique to the horizontal direction, the height of the workpiece receiver 40 can be adjusted by moving the turret device 30 in the Xt-axis direction.
The turret Z-axis movement mechanism 33 and the turret Xt-axis movement mechanism 34 each include a motor, a ball screw, and a nut, and move the support part 32 by converting the rotational force of the motor into linear motion by the ball screw and the nut.

As shown in Figures 6(a) to (d), the workpiece receiver 40 has three integrally formed parts: a mounting part 41 that is attached to the turret 31, a placement part 42 on which the workpiece W is placed, and an intermediate part 43 between the mounting part 41 and the placement part 42. The workpiece receiver 40 is attached to the tool mounting surface of the turret 31 and is used to support the workpiece W or to position it in the longitudinal direction.

The mounting portion 42 of the workpiece receiver 40 has a thin portion 42a on the first spindle unit 10 side and a thick portion 42b on the second spindle unit 20 side in the area where the workpiece W is placed. The mounting portion 42 also has a workpiece pressing surface 44 formed on the mounting portion 42, a first workpiece support surface 45, a second workpiece support surface 46, and a tapered surface 47. Each surface will be described below based on the position where the workpiece receiver 40 is indexed.

The workpiece pressing surface 44 is a vertical surface between the upper surface of the thin portion 42 a and the upper surface of the thick portion 42 b , and positions the tip surface of one end of the workpiece W held by the first spindle unit 10 .
The first workpiece supporting surface 45 is a flat surface on the upper side of the thin-walled portion 42a, and is a surface on which one end of the workpiece W held by the first spindle unit 10 is placed.
The second workpiece support surface 46 is a flat surface on the upper side of the thick portion 42b, and is a surface on which one end of the workpiece W held by the first spindle unit 10 or the other end of the workpiece W held by the second spindle unit 20 is placed.
The tapered surface 47 is an inclined surface provided on the edge of the second work supporting surface 46 on the second spindle unit 20 side. When the second work supporting surface 46 faces the +Y direction, the tapered surface 47 slopes downward in the -Y direction from the second work supporting surface 46. The tapered surface 47 is provided so that the other end of the workpiece W held by the second spindle unit 20 can be easily placed on the second work supporting surface 46.

The control unit 300 shown in FIG. 1 controls the operation of each part of the machine tool 1. The control unit 300 is composed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory, etc. The control unit 300 executes machining processing according to a preset NC program.

Next, the procedure for manually supplying the workpiece W will be described. In this embodiment, the workpiece W is a long pipe material, and an example is given of a case in which the back side is not machined. In the following operations, the operations of each part of the machine tool 1 are performed under the control of the control unit 300.

First, rotate the turret device 30 to index the workpiece receiver 40. Then, move the turret device 30 in the Xt axis direction to place the workpiece receiver 40 at the manual workpiece supply position shown in FIG. 7(a). The manual workpiece supply position is a position where one end of the workpiece W is placed on the first workpiece support surface 45 with the other end of the workpiece W slightly entering the collet chuck 103.

Next, the collet chuck 103 is put into an unclamped state, and the operator manually slightly inserts the other end of the workpiece W into the collet chuck 103 and places one end on the first workpiece support surface 45 to position the workpiece W as shown in Fig. 7(a). At this time, the air supply from the rotary union 105 is stopped, so the first spindle pusher 111 is stopped, and it is possible to manually move the workpiece W back toward the first spindle pusher 111. Therefore, when the first spindle pusher 111 is in a position where it will come into contact with the workpiece W, the first spindle pusher 111 may be pushed into the first spindle unit 10 by the workpiece W or the like.
When the setting of the workpiece W is completed, the operator presses the operation start button on the operation panel of the machine to start operation.

Next, the distance from the end face of the collet chuck 103 to the tip of the workpiece W is adjusted. In the example of this embodiment, the distance is set to a predetermined protrusion amount L1 of the workpiece W shown in FIG.
When the workpiece receiver 40 is moved in the -Z direction from the state shown in Fig. 7(a), the workpiece pressing surface 44 comes into contact with the end face of the workpiece W, as shown in Figs. 8(a) and 8(b), and presses the workpiece W until it reaches a position of protrusion amount L1. The pressed workpiece W enters the inside of the first spindle 11. When the workpiece W comes into contact with the pusher 111 in the first spindle 11, the pusher 111 in the first spindle is pushed back by the workpiece W.

7(b) is left in the position, and air is supplied into the first spindle unit 10 through the rotary union 105. This causes the pusher 111 in the first spindle to advance toward the workpiece receiver 40. As the pusher 111 in the first spindle advances, it presses the workpiece W against the workpiece pressing surface 44 of the workpiece receiver 40, and positions the workpiece W in the longitudinal direction. Then, with the workpiece W pressed against it, the collet chuck 103 clamps the workpiece W.
After clamping, the air supply from the rotary union 105 is stopped, and the forward movement of the first main shaft pusher 111 is stopped.

Then, the turret device 30 is retracted from the workpiece W from the state shown in FIG. 7(b). After that, the turret 31 of the turret device 30 is rotated to identify the tool 35 to be used, and the workpiece W held by the first spindle unit 10 is machined. As a result, the machining location W1 of the workpiece W is machined, as shown in FIG. 9.

Next, the procedure for manually discharging the workpiece W will be described.
First, after the front side machining is completed, the turret device 30 is rotated to index the workpiece receiver 40. Thereafter, the turret device 30 is moved to a predetermined position where the workpiece W pushed out by the first in-spindle pusher 111 is placed on the second workpiece supporting surface 46.
Here, since the Xt axis of the turret device 30 is in an oblique direction, the height of the workpiece receiver 40 mounted on the turret 31 is adjusted to the height of the second workpiece supporting surface 46 by moving the turret device 30 forward and backward in the Xt axis direction. When the workpiece W is placed on the second workpiece supporting surface 46, the other end of the workpiece W is slightly inserted into the collet chuck 103.

Next, the collet chuck 103 is put into an unclamped state, and air is supplied from the rotary union 105. This causes the pusher 111 in the first spindle to move forward, pushing the workpiece W into the workpiece receiver 40 and placing it on the second workpiece support surface 46 of the workpiece receiver 40, as shown in Figures 10 and 11(a) and (b). The worker then manually pulls out the workpiece W from the first spindle unit 10 and removes it.

Next, the procedure for removing the pusher 111 in the first spindle and replacing the pusher tip 111b performed by an operator will be described. When the shape of the workpiece changes, the first spindle pusher 111 is pulled out as a changeover and the pusher tip 111b is replaced.

First, as shown in FIG. 12A, the collet chuck 103, the first spindle chuck 102, and the connecting part 118, which are indicated by two-dot chain lines, are removed so as not to interfere with the nut removal tool 161 in the next step.
Next, air is supplied into the first spindle unit 10 from the rotary union 105 to advance the first spindle pusher 111. When the first spindle pusher 111 has reached the most advanced position, the supply of air is stopped to stop the first spindle pusher 111.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12B, the pusher fall-off prevention nut 112 is removed using a nut removal tool 161.
12(c) and 13(a) to 13(d), threaded portion 162a of pusher removal tool 162 is attached to the threaded portion on the outer diameter of first spindle internal pusher 111. More specifically, threaded portion 162a near the open end of pusher removal tool 162 in Fig. 14(b) is attached to threaded portion 111c provided on pusher tip portion 111b of first spindle internal pusher 111 shown in Fig. 14(a). Thereafter, pusher removal tool 162 is pulled to pull out first spindle internal pusher 111.

Next, as shown in FIG. 14(c), a wrench 163 is placed on the wrench hook 111d of the removed first main shaft pusher 111, and the wrench 163 is turned to remove the pusher tip 111b from the pusher body 111a. The removed pusher tip 111b is then replaced with another pusher tip 111b.

The procedure for installing the first inner shaft pusher 111 that has been replaced with the other pusher tip portion 111b is the reverse of the removal procedure described above.

Second Embodiment
In the second embodiment, a procedure from supplying to discharging the workpiece W will be described for the workpiece W having its back surface processed.

The procedure for manually supplying the workpiece W and the processing at the processing location W1 are the same as in the case where there is no back side processing as described in the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the workpiece W is transferred to the second spindle unit 20 .
15A, the second spindle chuck 202 is put into an unclamped state, and then the second spindle unit 20 is advanced. The second spindle unit 20 is stopped at a position where one end of the workpiece W enters the second spindle unit 20, and the second spindle chuck 202 clamps the workpiece W.

Next, as shown in FIG. 15(b), after the first spindle chuck 102 is put into an unclamped state, the second spindle unit 20 is retracted to pull out the workpiece W, and the second spindle unit 20 is stopped at a position where one end of the workpiece W is slightly inside the first spindle unit 10, and the collet chuck 103 clamps the workpiece W.

Next, as shown in FIG. 15(c), after the second spindle chuck 202 is put into an unclamped state, the second spindle unit 20 is advanced to a position where the workpiece W has a predetermined protrusion amount L2, and the workpiece W is clamped by the second spindle chuck 202.

Next, as shown in FIG. 15(d), the first spindle chuck 102 is put into an unclamped state, the second spindle unit 20 is retracted, and the workpiece W is transferred from the first spindle unit 10 to the second spindle unit 20.

Then, an arbitrary tool 35 of the turret device 30 is indexed, and the turret device 30 is moved to the processing position to process the workpiece W held by the second spindle unit 20. As a result, processing is performed on the processing location W2 of the workpiece W, as shown in FIG. 16(a). After that, the turret device 30 is retracted, and then, as shown in FIG. 16(a), the turret device 30 is rotated to index the workpiece receiver 40.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 16(b) and 16(c), an end portion of the workpiece W is placed on the second workpiece supporting surface 46.
First, the workpiece receiver 40 and the second spindle unit 20 are moved to and positioned at predetermined positions.
Thereafter, the second spindle chuck 202 is put into an unclamped state, and then the pusher 211 in the second spindle is advanced by the air cylinder 207 to push out the workpiece W. The end of the pushed-out workpiece W goes over the tapered surface 47 of the workpiece receiver 40 and rests on the second workpiece supporting surface 46, so that the workpiece W is supported by the workpiece receiver 40 and the second spindle unit 20.
Thereafter, the worker manually pulls out the workpiece W from the second spindle unit 20 and removes it.

(effect)
According to the embodiment described above, the following effects are achieved.
(1) In this embodiment, a workpiece receiver 40 is provided which is attached to the turret 31 of the turret device 30. The turret 31 is rotated to position the workpiece receiver 40. The workpiece receiver 40 supports one end of the workpiece W protruding from the first spindle unit 10, and the other end of the workpiece W is supported by the first spindle unit 10.
This reduces the burden on the worker since it is no longer necessary to carry the workpiece W, which is a long workpiece, inside the first spindle unit 10 in order to supply the workpiece W.
In addition, after the workpiece W is machined by the tool 35 of the turret device 30, the workpiece W can be supplied by indexing the workpiece receiver 40 of the turret device 30, thereby reducing time.
In addition, since the Xt axis of the turret 31 can be set in an oblique direction relative to the horizontal direction, the height of the workpiece receiver 40 can be easily adjusted by moving the turret 31 forward and backward in the X-axis direction.

(2) In this embodiment, there is provided a first spindle internal pusher 111 that is arranged inside the first spindle unit 10 so as to be able to advance or retreat, and that pushes the workpiece W forward of the first spindle unit 10. In addition, the turret device 30 is moved toward the first spindle unit 10, the workpiece W is pushed into the first spindle unit 10 by the workpiece pressing surface 44 of the workpiece receiver 40, the first spindle internal pusher 111 is advanced to press the workpiece W against the workpiece pressing surface 44 to position the workpiece W in the longitudinal direction relative to the first spindle unit 10, and the first spindle chuck 102 clamps the workpiece W.
This eliminates the need for a stopper for positioning the workpiece W in the first spindle unit 10, and eliminates the need for a positioning operation of a stopper for positioning the workpiece W in the longitudinal direction when the length of the workpiece W is changed.

(3) In this embodiment, the workpiece W, one end of which has been machined, is pushed by the pusher 111 in the first spindle, one end of the workpiece W is supported by the workpiece receiver 40, and the other end of the workpiece W is supported by the first spindle unit 10.
As a result, when discharging the workpiece W, the task of pulling out the long workpiece W hidden inside the first spindle unit 10 is eliminated, thereby reducing the burden on the worker.

(4) In this embodiment, the workpiece W, the other end of which has been machined, is pushed by the pusher 211 in the second spindle, one end of the workpiece W is supported by the second spindle unit 20, and the other end of the workpiece W is supported by the workpiece receiver 40.
As a result, when discharging the workpiece W, the task of pulling out the long workpiece W hidden inside the second spindle unit 20 is eliminated, thereby reducing the burden on the worker.
In addition, the workpiece receiver 40 is configured to have a first workpiece support surface 45 and a second workpiece support surface 46 of different heights, and a tapered surface 47 is provided on the edge portion on the second spindle unit 20 side, so that the workpiece W pushed out from the second spindle 21 can be easily placed on the second workpiece support surface 46.

(5) In this embodiment, the first spindle pusher 111 includes a pusher body 111a and a pusher tip 111b that is removably attached to the workpiece W side of the pusher body 111a and comes into contact with the workpiece W.
This allows pusher tip portion 111b to be easily attached and detached, thereby reducing the burden of replacing pusher tip portion 111b during setup changeover.

(Modification)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and drawings. Modifications (including the deletion of components) can be made as appropriate within the scope of the present invention. An example of a modification will be described below.

The axis configuration of the machine in the above embodiment is an example, and is not limited to the above axis configuration. For example, if back surface processing is not performed, the second spindle unit 20 may not be required. Also, the first spindle unit 10 may not be fixed, but may move in the Z-axis direction in the figure.

The pipe material for the workpiece W in the above embodiment is merely an example, and a solid workpiece W may also be used. Even in the case of a solid workpiece W, the supply and discharge procedures remain the same. However, in the case of a solid workpiece W, the coolant blow pipe 114 used in the above embodiment is not necessary, so it does not need to be installed.

The tip shapes of the first spindle pusher 111 and the second spindle pusher 211 in the above embodiment may be changed as appropriate to suit the workpiece W.

In the above embodiment, the step height between the first workpiece support surface 45 and the second workpiece support surface 46 of the workpiece receiver 40 may be freely changed according to the shape of the workpiece W. In addition, a tapered surface similar to the tapered surface 47 may be provided on the first workpiece support surface 45 side.

In the above embodiment, the direction of the Xt axis of the turret device 30 is an oblique direction that forms an angle with the horizontal direction, but it may be horizontal.

The forward position of the first spindle pusher 111 in the above embodiment may be forwarded to a position closer to the collet chuck 103 than in the embodiment. The same applies to the position of the second spindle pusher 211 relative to the collet chuck 203.

The dimensions of each part of the workpiece receiver 40 in the above embodiment are not limited to those shown in the embodiment. For example, the length of the workpiece receiver 40 in the Z-axis direction may be longer than in the embodiment.

In the above embodiment, when the workpiece W is discharged from the first spindle unit 10, it is supported by the second workpiece support surface 46, but it may also be supported by the first workpiece support surface 45.

The first workpiece support surface 45 and the second workpiece support surface 46 of the workpiece receiver 40 in the above embodiment may be provided in any part of the workpiece receiver 40, not limited to the locations in the embodiment.

In the above embodiment, the pusher body 111a of the first spindle pusher 111 is female-threaded and the pusher tip 111b is male-threaded. However, the pusher body 111a may be male-threaded and the pusher tip 111b may be female-threaded. The same applies to the second spindle pusher 211.

In the above embodiment, in the first spindle unit 10, when the draw tube 104 pulls the collet chuck 103 backward, the collet chuck 103 chucks the workpiece W, and when the draw tube 104 pushes the collet chuck 103 forward, the collet chuck 103 releases the chuck of the workpiece W. Alternatively, when the draw tube 104 pushes the collet chuck 103 forward, the collet chuck 103 chucks the workpiece W, and when the draw tube 104 pulls the collet chuck 103 backward, the collet chuck 103 releases the chuck of the workpiece W. The same applies to the collet chuck 203 and the draw tube 204 in the second spindle unit 20.

1...machine tool, 10...first spindle unit, 11...first spindle, 12...first spindle stock, 20...second spindle unit, 21...second spindle, 22...second spindle stock, 23...second spindle movement mechanism, 30...turret device, 31...turret, 31c...rotating shaft, 32...support part, 33...turret Z-axis movement mechanism, 34...turret Xt-axis movement mechanism, 35...tool, 36...Z-axis slide, 37...Xt-axis slide base, 38...Xt-axis slide, 40...workpiece holder, 41...mounting part, 42...placement part, 42a...thin part , 42b... thick portion, 43... intermediate portion, 44... work pressing surface, 45... first work support surface, 46... second work support surface, 47... tapered surface, 101... built-in motor, 102... first spindle chuck, 103... collet chuck, 103a... threaded portion, 104... draw tube, 105... rotary union, 106... closed space in spindle, 107... air supply pipe, 108... air supply port, 109... coolant supply pipe, 110... coolant supply port, 111... first spindle internal pusher, 111a... pusher body, 111b... pusher tip, 111c... threaded portion, 111d... spanner hook portion, 112... pusher removal prevention nut, 112a... groove portion, 112b... threaded portion, 113... pusher guide pipe, 114... coolant blow pipe, 114a... stepped portion, 115... hydraulic cylinder, 118... connecting part, 161... nut removal tool, 161a... convex portion, 162... pusher removal tool, 162a... threaded portion, 163... spanner, 201... built-in Motor, 202...second spindle chuck, 203...collet chuck, 203a...threaded portion, 204...draw tube, 207...air cylinder, 209...piping for supplying coolant, 211...pusher in second spindle, 211a...pusher body, 211b...pusher tip, 214...pipe for pusher, 215...hydraulic cylinder, 216...connecting member, 217...piping joint, 218, 219...connecting parts, 300...control unit, S...bed, W...workpiece, W1...machined portion, W2...machined portion

Claims (5)

A first spindle unit that holds a workpiece;
A movable turret device including a turret on which a tool for machining the workpiece can be mounted;
A workpiece receiver attached to the turret;
The turret is rotated to position the workpiece receiver, and one end of the workpiece protruding from the first spindle unit is supported by the workpiece receiver, and the other end of the workpiece is supported by the first spindle unit.
Machine tools. a first spindle internal pusher that is arranged in the first spindle unit so as to be capable of advancing or retreating and that pushes the workpiece forward of the first spindle unit;
The workpiece receiver includes a workpiece pressing surface that positions a tip surface of the one end of the workpiece,
The first spindle unit includes a first spindle chuck that clamps or unclamps the workpiece,
moving the turret device toward the first spindle unit, pushing the workpiece into the first spindle unit with the workpiece pressing surface of the workpiece receiver, advancing a pusher in the first spindle to press the workpiece against the workpiece pressing surface to position the workpiece in the longitudinal direction relative to the first spindle unit, and clamping the workpiece with the first spindle chuck;
The machine tool according to claim 1. The workpiece having the one end machined is pushed by a pusher in the first spindle, the one end of the workpiece is supported by the workpiece receiver, and the other end of the workpiece is supported by the first spindle unit.
The machine tool according to claim 2. a second spindle unit disposed opposite to the first spindle unit, receiving the workpiece from the first spindle unit and machining the workpiece;
a second spindle internal pusher arranged in the second spindle unit so as to be capable of advancing or retreating and pushing the workpiece toward the first spindle unit;
a second spindle chuck provided in the second spindle unit for clamping or unclamping the workpiece;
The workpiece having the other end machined is pushed by a pusher in the second spindle, the one end of the workpiece is supported by the second spindle chuck, and the other end of the workpiece is supported by the workpiece receiver.
4. The machine tool according to claim 2 or 3. The first spindle internal pusher includes a pusher body portion and a pusher tip portion that is removably attached to the workpiece side of the pusher body portion and contacts the workpiece.
4. The machine tool according to claim 2 or 3.