JP2024078681A - Tissue collection tools - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a tissue sampling tool capable of reliably sampling tissue and sampling the tissue with minimal damage.MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM: A tissue sampling tool comprises an outer blade unit and an inner blade unit. The outer blade unit includes a cylindrical body 21 and an outer blade, and the outer blade is formed in a circumferential direction of a tip of the cylindrical body 21 in a direction of entry into tissue. The inner blade unit includes a shaft 13 and an inner blade 12, and the inner blade 12 is attached to the shaft 13 in such a manner that a cutting edge of the inner blade 12 is located on the entry direction side and the cutting edge is inclined in the axial direction of the shaft 13, where the inner blade 12 can be rotated within the tissue using the shaft 13 as an axis of rotation.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a tissue harvesting tool.

When performing a biopsy, tissue is usually collected using a pipe-shaped biopsy needle. For example, as described in Non-Patent Document 1, after the biopsy needle is inserted into the living body, reduced pressure is applied from inside the pipe to suck the biological tissue around the tip of the biopsy needle into the pipe and collect the tissue.

TOP Co., Ltd. "TOP Suction Biopsy Needle (Puncture Set) Instruction Manual"

However, the biological tissue obtained by suction sampling is significantly damaged and is insufficient as a sample for examining tissue structure. In particular, when biopsying cetaceans such as dolphins and whales, the skin of cetaceans is thick and the fatty tissue just below the skin is soft and easily damaged. For this reason, there is a demand for tissue sampling tools that can reliably collect tissue and can collect biological tissue with minimal damage.

Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a tissue harvesting tool that can reliably harvest tissue and harvest the tissue with minimal damage.

In order to achieve the above object, the tissue sampling tool of the present invention comprises:
The blade includes an outer blade unit and an inner blade unit.
The outer blade unit includes a cylindrical body and an outer blade.
The outer blade is formed in a circumferential direction of a tip portion of the cylindrical body on a side in a direction of penetration into tissue,
The inner blade unit includes a shaft and an inner blade.
the inner blade is attached to the shaft with a cutting edge of the inner blade located on the entry direction side and with a direction of the cutting edge inclined with respect to an axial direction of the shaft,
The undercutter is rotatable within the tissue about the shaft.

According to the present invention, tissue can be collected reliably and with minimal damage to the tissue. This makes it useful for biopsies of humans and animals, and is particularly useful for biopsies of cetaceans, whose tissues are easily damaged.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an example of the tissue sampling tool of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the tissue sampling tool of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tissue sampling tool of FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial exploded view of the tissue harvesting tool of FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the movement of the inner blade of the tissue sampling tool of FIG. FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view showing another example of the outer blade of the tissue sampling tool of FIG. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an example of use of the tissue sampling tool of FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another example of the use of the tissue sampling tool of FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of tissue collected by the tissue collecting tool of FIG.

In the outer blade unit of the tissue sampling tool of the present invention, the tubular main body is a cylindrical main body, and the cylindrical main body is rotatable within the tissue,
In one embodiment, the rotation axis of the cylindrical body and the rotation axis of the shaft are coaxial.

In the above aspect, the outer blade unit further includes an outer blade support,
an end portion of the cylindrical body opposite to the inserting direction is connected to the outer blade support;
The outer blade support includes an outer blade engagement portion,
The inner blade unit further includes an inner blade support.
an end portion of the shaft opposite to the entry direction side is connected to the inner blade support;
The inner blade support includes an inner blade engagement portion,
The outer blade engaging portion and the inner blade engaging portion are detachably engageable with each other,
In one embodiment, the engagement of the outer blade engagement portion and the inner blade engagement portion allows the cylindrical body and shaft to rotate synchronously within the tissue.

In the above aspect, the gripping portion is further included,
The outer cutter support portion may include a connecting portion, and the connecting portion may be detachably connected to the grip portion.

In the tissue sampling tool of the present invention, the outer blade formed at the tip of the cylindrical body may be tapered with respect to the rotation axis of the cylindrical body.

In the tissue sampling tool of the present invention, the inner blade unit may include a plurality of the inner blades.

As described above, the tissue sampling tool of the present invention can be used for tissue examination (biopsy) of humans and animals, but its use is not limited to biopsy and can be widely applied to the collection of tissues of animals and plants, etc., or can be applied to the collection of tissues other than animals and plants. In addition to examinations, the tissue sampling tool of the present invention can also be used for therapeutic purposes, such as removing tumor tissue.

[Embodiment 1]
The inner blade may be, for example, screw-shaped and attached by welding near the tip of the shaft. For example, a user holds the grip and pierces the outer blade at the tip of the cylindrical body of the tissue sampling tool into a living body, and then inserts (punctures) the outer blade while making a precession (a rolling motion) around the piercing point. When the outer blade reaches a desired depth, the user rotates the tissue sampling tool by 180 degrees or more and then removes it from the living body, and a tissue piece is collected in a substantially cylindrical shape inside the cylindrical body.

In the tissue sampling tool of the present invention, for example, the shaft and inner blade are built into the cylindrical body with approximately the same length as the cylindrical body, and a fan-shaped blade is welded to the part near the tip of the shaft in an inclined state (hereinafter referred to as "screw-shaped") as described above. Since two of these fan-shaped blades are welded at opposite vertices and at a certain angle to the shaft, when the tissue sampling tool is rotated and pushed into the living body, it can cut into the living tissue regardless of its hardness, and ultimately the tissue piece taken into the cylindrical body can be completely detached from the living body and sampled. The sampled living tissue is cut in a spiral shape by the screw-shaped inner blade. In other words, in the present invention, the cut surface by the outer blade of the cylindrical body and the cut surface by the rotation of the screw-shaped inner blade are included. Furthermore, the bottom surface of the tissue to be separated from the living body is also formed by the rotation of the screw-shaped inner blade.

In this way, by using the tissue sampling tool of the present invention, tissue can be reliably sampled from a living body without damaging the tissue hierarchy (structure, etc.), making it suitable for observing tissue structures within the body and preparing specimens. As mentioned above, in Non-Patent Document 1, the tissue hierarchy (structure, etc.) may be damaged because the tissue is separated from the living body by suction, and there is a high possibility of damage to the tissue hierarchy (structure, etc.) when the target tissue to be sampled is deep tissue with thick skin tissue such as cetaceans. In contrast, with the tissue sampling tool of the present invention, even if the target tissue to be sampled is soft tissue such as fat, which has thick skin tissue like cetaceans, it is possible to sample the tissue with reduced damage to the tissue hierarchy (structure, etc.).

The tissue harvesting tool of the present invention may be used not only for harvesting biological tissue, but also for the purpose of treating a living body. For example, it may be used as a technique for removing malignant tumors, in which case it may be used in conjunction with endoscopic techniques, and parts other than the blade components may be modified to suit this purpose. Furthermore, the target organisms are not limited to cetaceans, but may also be mammals, including humans, vertebrates, and plants, and it may be used not only for harvesting living organisms, but also for harvesting tissue after death.

The tissue sampling tool of the present invention is preferably minimally invasive. When tissue sampling is performed, particularly on a living body, it is preferable that the tool is minimally invasive so as to cause as little damage to the living body as possible. It is preferable that the wound during tissue sampling is not large and does not cause severe pain. For example, in the tissue sampling tool of the present invention, the cylindrical body is preferably made of an extremely thin stainless steel tube, which is as thin as possible and, if necessary, the tip is cut at an angle, so that the point of action on the skin and tissue is moved while cutting in order to reduce the resistance of the skin and tissue when piercing. In addition, it is preferable that the inner blade is a blade-shaped blade consisting of two fan-shaped blades attached to the shaft so as to form a shallow angle with the perpendicular plane of the shaft, and cuts like a ship's screw to reduce the resistance of the living body.

When collecting the collected tissue, the tissue collection tool of the present invention is removed from the living body, and the outer blade unit (with the inner blade unit built in) is removed from the gripping part over a clean petri dish as appropriate. Next, the shaft and inner blade of the inner blade unit are removed from the cylindrical body of the outer blade unit, and the collected tissue is extracted, supported by the screw-shaped blade (inner blade).

The tissue sampling tool of the present invention can be disassembled and cleaned for hygienic reasons. In addition, it is preferable that all of the components constituting the tissue sampling tool of the present invention are made of medical grade stainless steel or the like, so that they can withstand autoclave sterilization.

[Embodiment 2]
An example of the tissue sampling tool of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figures 1 to 9. In Figures 1 to 9, the same parts are given the same reference numerals. In the following description, the direction of penetration into the tissue is used as a reference, and the end on the side of the penetration direction is referred to as the leading end, and the end on the opposite side is referred to as the trailing end.

1 shows an overall view of an example of the tissue sampling tool of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the tissue sampling tool 100 has an outer blade unit composed of an outer blade support 22 and a cylindrical body 21 attached to the tip of the gripping part 1. The outer blade is formed over the entire circumferential direction of the tip of the cylindrical body 21. The cylindrical body 21 is formed by grinding the outer periphery of the tip of a stainless steel pipe to form an outer blade 211. FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the tissue sampling tool 100, and FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the tissue sampling tool 100. As shown in the figure, a cylindrical recess is formed at the tip of the gripping part 1, and a female screw portion is formed on the side wall of the recess. A cylindrical connecting portion 23 is arranged at the rear end of the outer blade support 22 of the outer blade unit, and a male screw portion is formed on the side wall of the connecting portion 23, and the male screw portion can be screwed into the female screw portion, and the outer blade unit can be connected and fixed to the gripping part 1 in a freely detachable manner. The inner blade unit is composed of a shaft (shaft body) 13, an inner blade 12, an inner blade support 14, and an inner blade engagement part 15. Two inner blades 12 are attached to the tip of the shaft 13, and the cutting edge of the inner blade 12 faces the direction of penetration into the tissue, and the cutting edge direction of the inner blade 12 is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the shaft 13. A cylindrical inner blade support 14 is connected to the rear end of the shaft 13, and a pin-structured inner blade engagement part 15 is formed from the side wall of the inner blade support 14. In Figures 2 and 3, the cylindrical main body 21 and the shaft 13 are coaxial with each other in the circumferential direction. Although not shown in Figures 2 and 3, a concave outer blade engagement part into which the pin can be fitted is formed in the connecting part 23 at the rear end of the outer blade support 22. Figure 4 shows the connecting part 23 of the outer blade unit and the inner blade support 14 of the inner blade unit. As shown in the figure, a pin (inner blade engagement part) 15 is provided on the side wall of the inner blade support 14, and a recessed outer blade engagement part 24 into which the pin can fit is formed on the side wall of the outer blade joint part 23. When the inner blade engagement part 15 and the outer blade engagement part 24 are engaged in this way, by holding the grip part 1 by hand and rotating it, the cylindrical body 21 and the shaft 13 rotate coaxially and synchronously within the tissue, and as a result, the inner blade 12 also rotates.

The gripping portion 1 is for a user to grip the tissue sampling tool 100, and may have a thickness and length that allows easy holding and rotation, for example. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the gripping portion 1 may be pen-shaped. The gripping portion 1 may also be made of metal components so as to withstand autoclave sterilization, and among metals, stainless steel (e.g., SUS304, SUS316L, etc.) is preferred.

Figure 5 (A) shows the shaft 13 and inner blade 12 of the inner blade unit. In the figure, the straight arrow indicates the direction of penetration into the tissue, and the circular arrow indicates the direction of rotation of the shaft 13 (right rotation). The cutting edge of the two inner blades 12 is on the penetration direction side, and the cutting edge direction is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the shaft so that the tissue can be incised when the shaft is rotated right. The shape of the inner blade 12 is not particularly limited, but for example, a ship's screw shape is preferable. In addition, the number of inner blades 12 is not particularly limited, and may be one, two, three, four, or the like, as long as it is the number according to the tissue. Since the inner blade 12 cuts into the tissue by rotation, the angle of the inner blade with respect to the perpendicular plane of the shaft 13 is, for example, 10 to 50 degrees or 20 to 30 degrees. Figure 5 (B) shows the perpendicular plane of the shaft 13. As shown in the figure, the plane P perpendicular to the axial direction of the shaft 13 is the perpendicular plane. As shown in FIG. 5(C), the angle α of the inner blade 12 relative to the orthogonal plane P is the angle of the inner blade. If the inner blade 12 has a screw-like twisted shape, the angle of the inner blade relative to the orthogonal plane may change continuously within one inner blade, rather than being at a single angle. The thickness of the inner blade 12 is, for example, 50 to 200 micrometers or 80 to 100 micrometers.

The inner blade 12 can be obtained by processing a commercially available blade used for medical scalpels into a fan shape. The central angle of the fan-shaped inner blade 12 is, for example, 50 to 120 degrees or 60 to 90 degrees. The diameter of the rotation circle formed when the inner blade 12 rotates is, for example, 80 to 99% or 85 to 95% of the inner diameter of the cylindrical body 21. For example, two fan-shaped blades of the same shape can be prepared and welded to the shaft 13 with the center of the fan aligned at an opposite angle to form a screw-shaped inner blade 12. The welding position is, for example, within a range of 2 to 3 mm from the tip of the shaft 13. If it is within this range, it is possible to reduce the amount of biological tissue left uncut, and it is easy to weld the blade to the shaft 13.

Figure 6 shows an example of the outer blade 211 at the tip of the cylindrical body 21. The outer blade 211 shown in Figure 6 is tapered with respect to the rotation axis of the cylindrical body 21 and the shaft 13. By tapering the outer blade 211 in this way, the cut into the tissue becomes sharper, and pain can be reduced. In particular, in order to increase the inner diameter of the cylindrical body 21 to obtain a large tissue, it is necessary to reduce pain, and the tapered processing is useful. The angle of the tapered outer blade 211 with respect to the perpendicular plane of the rotation axis of the cylindrical body 21 is, for example, 40 to 80 degrees, preferably 50 to 70 degrees, and the angle is set according to the strength of the cylindrical body 21 and the outer blade 211 and the hardness and elasticity of the target tissue. In addition, the thickness of the cylindrical body 21 is a factor of low invasiveness, and is, for example, 80 to 500 micrometers, preferably 100 to 200 micrometers. For example, the outer blade 211 is formed by grinding the circumference of the tip surface of the cylindrical body 21 from the outside to the inside. However, in the present invention, the shape of the outer blade 211 is not limited to a tapered shape and can take a variety of shapes.

The length of the outer blade unit (cylindrical body 21) affects the depth to which it is inserted into the tissue, and can be set appropriately depending on, for example, the tissue sampling depth, the thickness of the skin to be sampled, the location of the biopsy lesion, etc. For example, when the tissue sampling tool of the present invention is used on aquatic animals such as cetaceans, which usually have a thick layer of subcutaneous fat, if one wishes to obtain the dermis under the epidermis and the fatty tissue underneath, the depth would be 20 to 50 mm in the case of dolphins, for example.

Figure 7 shows an example of how to use the tissue sampling tool 100. As shown in the figure, the gripping part 1 of the tissue sampling tool 100 is held by hand, the tip of the cylindrical body 21 is brought into contact with the skin surface of the sample 200, and the gripping part 1 is rotated in the circumferential direction while being pushed into the tissue of the sample 200. In this way, the tissue is cut by the outer blade 211 and also cut by the rotation of the inner blade 12. When it reaches a predetermined depth, the tissue sampling tool 100 is pulled out of the sample 200, and the tissue can be sampled while the sampled tissue is held within the cylindrical body 21. After sampling, the outer blade unit such as the gripping part 1 and the cylindrical body 21 and the inner blade unit such as the shaft 13 and the inner blade 12 are disassembled, and the sampled tissue is taken out of the cylindrical body 21, for example, into a petri dish containing physiological saline.

Figure 8 shows another example of how to use the tissue harvesting tool 100. As shown in the figure, the gripping portion 1 of the tissue harvesting tool 100 is held in the hand, the tip of the cylindrical body 21 is brought into contact with the skin surface of the harvesting target 200, and the tissue harvesting tool 100 is rotated in the direction of the arrow in the figure so that the axial direction of the tissue harvesting tool 100 precesses (a pestle motion), and the tissue harvesting tool 100 is pushed into the tissue. Tissue can also be harvested in this way.

Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of an example of the morphology of tissue collected by the tissue collection tool 100. As shown in the figure, tissue 202 that is cut in a spiral shape while connected to the skin tissue 201 to be collected can be collected. The collected tissue is less damaged and can be usefully used for testing, etc. After use, the tissue collection tool is preferably disassembled, washed, and sterilized in preparation for the next use.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The configuration and conditions of the present invention can be modified in various ways that are understandable to those skilled in the art and fall within the scope of the present invention.

The tissue sampling tool of the present invention is useful for biopsies of animals, etc., and is particularly useful for biopsies of cetaceans, but its uses are not limited to biopsies and can be applied to a wide range of situations requiring tissue sampling.

1 Grip part 12 Inner blade 13 Shaft 13 Inner blade support part 15 Inner blade engagement part 21 Cylindrical body 22 Outer blade support part 23 Connection part 24 Outer blade engagement part 100 Tissue sampling tool 221 Outer blade 200 Sampling target 300 User's hand P Orthogonal plane with shaft α Angle of inner blade

Claims (6)

The blade includes an outer blade unit and an inner blade unit.
The outer blade unit includes a cylindrical body and an outer blade.
The outer blade is formed in a circumferential direction of a tip portion of the cylindrical body on a side in a direction of penetration into tissue,
The inner blade unit includes a shaft and an inner blade.
the inner blade is attached to the shaft with a cutting edge of the inner blade positioned on the side of the penetration direction and with a direction of the cutting edge inclined with respect to an axial direction of the shaft,
The inner blade is rotatable within the tissue about the shaft.
Tissue sampling tools. In the outer blade unit, the tubular main body is a cylindrical main body,
the cylindrical body is rotatable within the tissue;
The rotation axis of the cylindrical body and the rotation axis of the shaft are coaxial.
The tissue sampling tool according to claim 1. The outer blade unit further includes an outer blade support,
an end portion of the cylindrical body opposite to the inserting direction is connected to the outer blade support;
The outer blade support includes an outer blade engagement portion,
The inner blade unit further includes an inner blade support,
an end portion of the shaft opposite to the entry direction side is connected to the inner blade support;
The inner blade support includes an inner blade engagement portion,
The outer blade engaging portion and the inner blade engaging portion are detachably engageable with each other,
The engagement of the outer blade engagement portion and the inner blade engagement portion allows the cylindrical body and the shaft to rotate synchronously within the tissue.
The tissue sampling tool according to claim 2. Further, the grip portion is included.
The outer cutter support portion includes a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is detachably connectable to the grip portion.
The tissue sampling tool according to claim 3. The outer blade formed at the tip of the cylindrical body is tapered with respect to the rotation axis of the cylindrical body.
The tissue sampling tool according to claim 4. The inner blade unit includes a plurality of the inner blades.
The tissue sampling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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