JP2024077761A - Emissions estimation system, emission estimation method, and emission estimation program, as well as capital amount calculation system, capital amount calculation method, and capital amount calculation program - Google Patents

Abstract

An emission estimation system, method, and program, as well as a capital amount calculation system, method, and program, are provided for estimating greenhouse gas emissions for each product in a production entity that produces a plurality of products.
[Solution] The system 10 comprises a resource usage ratio calculation unit that calculates, for at least one product, a product-specific resource usage ratio, which is the ratio of theoretical resource usage for each product to a theoretical resource total, which is the sum of the theoretical resource usage of multiple products; a product-specific usage actual calculation unit that calculates, for at least one product, an actual total, which is the sum of resources actually used by the production entity in the production of multiple products, and the product-specific resource usage ratio; and an emission calculation unit that calculates greenhouse substance emissions arising from the production of the at least one product, based on the product-specific resource usage actual amount and an emission coefficient related to the greenhouse substance emissions for each resource.
[Selected Figure] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an emission amount estimation system, an emission amount estimation method, and an emission amount estimation program, as well as a capital amount calculation system, a capital amount calculation method, and a capital amount calculation program.

Patent Document 1 describes a carbon dioxide emission calculation device comprising: "a utility management means for recording and managing externally received power, received hot and cold energy amounts, private power generation equipment operation records, and hot and cold energy equipment operation records; a materials management means for recording and managing material and raw material usage records; a facility management means for recording and managing energy usage records of facility equipment during a production period; a manufacturing execution management means for managing product production records; an emission calculation means for calculating carbon dioxide emission amounts from each of the records recorded and managed in the utility management means, the materials management means, the facility management means, and the manufacturing execution management means; and an emission allocation means for allocating the carbon dioxide emission amounts calculated by the emission calculation means to one unit amount of product, and managing the carbon dioxide emission data allocated to a production lot as lot-specific data, the carbon dioxide emission calculation device comprising: an emission emission unit calculation means for calculating an emission emission unit used in the emission calculation means, which obtains data on the flow rate of a utility flowing into and out of a utility equipment having a retention section from the utility management means, and calculates a carbon dioxide emission unit taking into account cases in which a time lag occurs between the production and use of the utility due to retention" (claim 1). Patent Document 2 describes a carbon dioxide emission management device for each base that manages carbon dioxide emissions emitted from equipment within the base, the carbon dioxide emission management device comprising: an equipment carbon dioxide emission conversion unit that converts an input amount of power used by each equipment into carbon dioxide emission for each equipment based on a carbon dioxide amount conversion value; an equipment group carbon dioxide emission calculation unit that adds up and calculates the carbon dioxide emissions converted by the equipment carbon dioxide emission conversion unit as an equipment group carbon dioxide emission for each predetermined equipment group; an equipment group determination unit that calculates, for each equipment group, the difference between the equipment group carbon dioxide emission for each equipment group calculated by the equipment group carbon dioxide emission calculation unit and a predetermined management value of carbon dioxide emission for each equipment group and judges whether the carbon dioxide emission for each equipment group is acceptable based on the calculated difference; and a base determination unit that adds up the differences for each equipment group calculated by the equipment group determination unit and judges whether the carbon dioxide emission for the base is acceptable based on the added value (claim 1). Patent Document 3 describes a carbon dioxide emission rights trading system for buying and selling carbon dioxide emission rights as an environmental added value associated with electricity related to new energy generated in a small-scale facility, the carbon dioxide emission rights trading system comprising: small-scale facility management means for managing an amount of generated electricity, which is the generated electricity, an amount of consumed electricity in the small-scale facility, and an amount of sold electricity, and a carbon dioxide emission rights management means for managing the amount of generated electricity, the amount of consumed electricity, and the amount of sold electricity, and for overseeing the buying and selling of the carbon dioxide emission rights, the carbon dioxide emission rights management means receiving the amount of generated electricity, the amount of consumed electricity, and the amount of sold electricity from the small-scale facility management means, calculating a selling price of the carbon dioxide emission rights from the amount of generated electricity, the amount of consumed electricity, and the amount of sold electricity, and selling the carbon dioxide emission rights to a consumer (claim 1). Patent Document 4 describes a method for measuring a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, comprising: feeding fossil fuel together with biomass fuel into a combustion furnace of a power-generating boiler to measure the cumulative amount of electricity generated over a predetermined period of time; converting the amount of reduction in fossil fuel consumption corresponding to the cumulative amount of electricity generated into the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) generated by the reduced amount of fossil fuel, thereby determining the amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction (Claim 1).
[Prior Art Literature]
[Patent Documents]
[Patent Document 1] JP 2012-108691 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2009-199495 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2010-086027 A [Patent Document 4] JP 2002-181304 A

In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an emission estimation system that estimates greenhouse effect substance emissions for each product in a production entity that produces multiple products. The emission estimation system may include a resource usage ratio calculation unit that calculates, for at least one product, a product-specific resource usage ratio that is the ratio of the theoretical resource usage for each product to a theoretical resource total that is the total of the theoretical resource usage for the multiple products. The emission estimation system may include a product-specific usage actual calculation unit that calculates, for at least one product, a product-specific resource usage actual amount based on a product-specific resource usage ratio and an actual total that is the total of the resources actually used in the production of the multiple products by the production entity. The emission estimation system may include an emission calculation unit that calculates greenhouse effect substance emissions caused by the production of at least one product based on the product-specific resource usage actual amount and an emission coefficient related to the greenhouse effect substance emissions for each resource.

The above-mentioned emission estimation system may further include a theoretical total calculation unit that totals the theoretical resource usage of multiple products to calculate a theoretical total resource usage.

In any of the above emission estimation systems, the emission estimation system may further include a theoretical usage calculation unit that calculates the theoretical resource usage of the product from a bill of materials indicating the resources used in the production of the product and the actual production volume of the product.

In any of the above emission estimation systems, the resources related to resource usage may include materials and energy sources required to produce the product.

In any of the above emission estimation systems, the emission calculation unit may further calculate the amount of greenhouse gas emissions that occur as a result of the production entity's production of multiple products, based on the total performance amount and the emission coefficient.

In any of the above emission amount estimation systems, the emission amount estimation system may further include an update unit that updates the emission coefficient every time a predetermined period or a predetermined event occurs. The emission amount calculation unit may calculate the greenhouse substance emission amount every time a predetermined period or a predetermined event occurs.

In any of the above emission estimation systems, the emission estimation system may further include an update unit that updates the bill of materials at predetermined intervals or whenever a predetermined event occurs. The emission calculation unit may calculate the greenhouse substance emission at predetermined intervals or whenever a predetermined event occurs.

In any of the above-mentioned emission estimation systems, the emission estimation system may further include an update unit that updates the actual production volume and/or the total actual production volume of the product at a predetermined period or each time a predetermined event occurs.

In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an emission amount estimation program executed by a computer. The emission amount estimation program may cause the computer to function as the emission amount estimation system described above.

In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an emission amount estimation method. The emission amount estimation method may be executed by the emission amount estimation system described above. The emission amount estimation method may include executing a resource usage ratio calculation step of calculating, for at least one product, a product-specific resource usage ratio, which is the ratio of the theoretical resource usage amount for each product to a theoretical resource total, which is the total of the theoretical resource usage amounts for multiple products; a product-specific usage actual calculation step of calculating, for at least one product, a product-specific resource usage actual amount based on a product-specific resource usage ratio and an actual total, which is the total of the resources actually used by the production entity in the production of multiple products; and an emission amount calculation step of calculating greenhouse effect substance emissions caused by the production of at least one product based on the product-specific resource usage actual amount and an emission coefficient related to the greenhouse effect substance emissions for each resource.

In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a capital amount calculation system is provided. The capital amount calculation system may include a reception unit that receives an order for a product and an order for an increase or decrease in greenhouse effect substance emissions that occurs with the production of the ordered product. The capital amount calculation system may include a required capital amount calculation unit that calculates the required capital amount for the product after greenhouse effect substance emission allocation based on the difficulty of obtaining the product, the order amount of the product, the increase or decrease amount, and the difficulty of achieving the increase or decrease amount.

In the above-mentioned capital amount calculation system, the required capital amount calculation unit may calculate an increased required capital amount based on the amount of reduction and the difficulty of achieving the amount of reduction in response to receiving an order for a reduction in greenhouse effect substance emissions.

In any of the above capital amount calculation systems, the required capital amount calculation unit may, in response to receiving an order for an increase in greenhouse gas emissions, calculate a discounted required capital amount based on the amount of increase and the difficulty of achieving the increase.

In any of the above capital amount calculation systems, the reception unit does not need to accept an order for a reduction in greenhouse substance emissions that exceeds the greenhouse substance emission reduction limit.

In any of the above capital amount calculation systems, the reception unit may receive orders from multiple purchasers. When the total of the increases and decreases in greenhouse substance emissions from the multiple purchasers exceeds the greenhouse substance emission reduction limit, the reception unit may accept orders by reducing the amount of reduction in greenhouse substance emissions from the multiple purchasers based on the ratio of the reduction limit to the total of the increases and decreases.

In any of the above capital amount calculation systems, the difficulty of realization may be set according to the amount of increase or decrease.

In any of the above capital amount calculation systems, the difficulty of realization may be set according to the greenhouse effect substance emission reduction quota and the amount of increase or decrease.

In any of the above capital amount calculation systems, the difficulty of realizing the portion of the ordered reduction that exceeds the greenhouse gas emission reduction limit may be set higher than the difficulty of realizing the portion that is within the reduction limit.

In any of the above capital amount calculation systems, the difficulty of achieving the portion of the ordered reduction that exceeds the possible reduction amount, which is the amount of reduction in greenhouse effect substance emissions that can be achieved by changing the manufacturing method of the product, may be set higher than the difficulty of achieving the portion within the possible reduction amount.

In a fifth aspect of the present invention, a capital amount calculation program executed by a computer is provided. The capital amount calculation program may cause the computer to function as the above-mentioned capital amount calculation system.

In a sixth aspect of the present invention, a capital amount calculation method is provided. The capital amount calculation method may be executed by the above-mentioned capital amount calculation system. The capital amount calculation method may include executing a receiving step of receiving an order for a product and an order for an increase or decrease in greenhouse effect substance emissions that occurs with the production of the ordered product, and a required capital amount calculation step of calculating the amount of resources required for the product after the greenhouse effect substance emissions are allocated based on the difficulty of obtaining the product, the order amount, the increase or decrease amount, and the difficulty of achieving the increase or decrease.

Note that the above summary of the invention does not list all of the features of the present invention. Also, subcombinations of these features may also be inventions.

1 shows a configuration of a system 10 according to the present embodiment. 3 shows a flow of a method for estimating an amount of emission according to the present embodiment. 2 illustrates an example of a parts list according to the embodiment. An example of a method for calculating the theoretical resource usage and total theoretical resources of a product is shown. An example of a method for calculating the product-specific resource usage rate of product A will be described. An example of a method for calculating the actual resource usage amount by product of product A will be described. An example of an emission coefficient according to this embodiment is shown below. An example of a method for calculating the greenhouse effect substance emissions of product A will be described. An example of a method for calculating the greenhouse effect substance emission amount of the production entity 20 will be described. 6 shows a flow of a discharge amount estimation method according to a modified example of the present embodiment. 4 shows a flow of a capital amount calculation method according to the present embodiment. 13 shows an example of capital amount calculation according to the present embodiment. 13 shows an example of an input screen for calculating a capital amount according to the present embodiment. 25 shows the configuration of an information processing system 2500 according to a modified example of the present embodiment. 2 shows the configuration of a blockchain network 2502 relating to a modified example of this embodiment. 13 shows an example of a data structure of transaction information according to a modified example of the present embodiment. 1 shows an example of a data structure of a block chain according to a modified example of this embodiment. 22 illustrates an example computer 2200 in which aspects of the present invention may be embodied, in whole or in part.

The present invention will be described below through embodiments of the invention, but the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims. Furthermore, not all of the combinations of features described in the embodiments are necessarily essential to the solution of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a system 10 according to this embodiment. The system 10 functions as an emission estimation system that estimates greenhouse gas emissions, such as CO ₂ , methane, and/or fluorocarbons, for each product in a production entity, such as a factory that produces a plurality of products. The system 10 also functions as a capital amount calculation system that calculates the amount of capital required when a transaction is made in which an increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions is allocated together with the purchase of a product. The system 10 may function as either or both of an emission estimation system and a capital amount calculation system. The system 10 includes a theoretical usage amount calculation unit 110, a theoretical total calculation unit 120, a resource usage ratio calculation unit 130, a product-specific usage actual calculation unit 140, an emission amount calculation unit 150, and an update unit 160.

The system 10 may be a computer such as a PC (personal computer), a tablet computer, a smartphone, a workstation, a server computer, or a general-purpose computer, or may be a computer system in which multiple computers are connected.

Alternatively, system 10 may be a dedicated computer designed for information processing of emission estimation and/or capital calculation, or may be dedicated hardware realized by a dedicated circuit. System 10 may be implemented by a single device (computer), or may be realized by multiple devices with different roles. Although not specifically described below, system 10 is provided with a memory/hard disk, etc., and information required for processing is appropriately stored, and information is transmitted between each processing module such as theoretical usage calculation unit 110 and theoretical total calculation unit 120.

First, a system 10 that functions as an emission estimation system will be described. A production entity 20 may be a production unit that has the function of producing a product, and may be one or more manufacturing devices, factories, manufacturers, etc., but may typically be a factory. Resources such as materials 30 and fuel are consumed in the process of producing a product 40, and greenhouse gases are emitted according to the resources consumed.

For example, a production entity 20 processes materials 30 to manufacture products 40. The production and transportation of materials 30 involves the emission of greenhouse substances, and the processing of materials 30 into products 40 also involves the emission of greenhouse substances due to the consumption of fuel, etc. System 10 estimates the amount of greenhouse substance emissions associated with the resource consumption during the production of such products 40.

The theoretical usage calculation unit 110 calculates the theoretical resource usage of a product from a bill of materials indicating the resources used in the production of the product and the actual production volume of the product. The theoretical usage calculation unit 110 may calculate the resource usage for all products or some of the products produced by the production entity 20. For example, for a production entity 20 that produces products A, B, and C, the theoretical usage calculation unit 110 may calculate the theoretical resource usage a for product A, the theoretical resource usage b for product B, and the theoretical resource usage C for product c.

The theoretical total calculation unit 120 totals the theoretical resource usage of multiple products to calculate the theoretical total resource. For example, the theoretical total calculation unit 120 may total the resource usage a to c for the production entity 20 to calculate the theoretical total resource.

The resource usage ratio calculation unit 130 calculates the product-specific resource usage ratio, which is the ratio of the theoretical resource usage amount for each product to the total theoretical resources. The resource usage ratio calculation unit 130 may calculate the product-specific resource usage ratio for at least one product (e.g., product A) or for all products (e.g., products A to C).

The product-specific usage record calculation unit 140 obtains a total record, which is the total of resources actually used by the production entity 20 in the production of multiple products. The product-specific usage record calculation unit 140 calculates the resource usage record amount by product based on the total record and the resource usage ratio by product. The product-specific usage record calculation unit 140 may calculate the resource usage record amount by product for at least one product (e.g., product A) or for all products (e.g., products A to C).

The emission calculation unit 150 calculates the amount of greenhouse substance emissions that occur in conjunction with the production of products based on the actual resource usage amount by product and the emission coefficient. The emission coefficient is related to the amount of greenhouse substance emissions for each resource. The emission calculation unit 150 calculates the amount of greenhouse substance emissions that occur in conjunction with the production of at least one product (e.g., product A) or each of all products (e.g., products A to C). The emission calculation unit 150 may calculate the amount of greenhouse substance emissions that occur in conjunction with the production of multiple products by the production entity 20 based on the actual total amount and the emission coefficient.

The update unit 160 may update the data used by the system 10 at a predetermined timing. For example, the update unit 160 may update at least one of the emission coefficient, the bill of materials, the actual production volume of the product, and the total actual production volume. The update unit 160 may update these at a predetermined period or each time a predetermined event occurs. This allows the emission calculation unit 150 to calculate accurate greenhouse substance emissions in real time at a predetermined period or each time a predetermined event occurs.

In this way, system 10, which functions as an emission estimation system, can calculate the amount of greenhouse substance emissions emitted in the production of a product. In particular, in the past, it was difficult to accurately record the amount of resources used for each product, and even if it were to be done, it would require a lot of manpower and calculation resources, and it was not necessarily easy to estimate greenhouse substance emissions on a product-by-product basis. However, system 10 uses the resource usage ratio by product, making it possible to estimate greenhouse substance emissions on a product-by-product basis using fewer calculation resources, etc.

Next, we will explain the system 10 that functions as a capital amount calculation system. The system 10 includes a reception unit 210 and a required capital amount calculation unit 220.

The reception unit 210 receives an order for a product and an order for an increase or decrease in greenhouse effect substance emissions that occur with the production of the ordered product. For example, the reception unit 210 receives an order for product A and an order for a reduction (e.g., 30%) in greenhouse effect substance emissions (e.g., 3,000 tons of _CO2 ) that occur with the production of product A. When the purchase of the product is realized, the purchaser can obtain a credit for greenhouse effect substance emissions and come closer to achieving carbon neutrality through the purchase of the product.

The required capital calculation unit 220 calculates the required capital amount for the product after the greenhouse effect substance emission amount is allocated based on the difficulty of obtaining the product, the order amount of the product, and the increase/decrease in greenhouse effect substance emissions and the difficulty of achieving the increase/decrease.

In this way, system 10, which functions as a capital amount calculation system, can calculate the amount of capital required to purchase a product, taking into account increases or decreases in greenhouse gas emissions.

Figure 2 shows the flow of the emission estimation method according to this embodiment. The system 10 estimates the greenhouse effect substance emission amount for each product by, for example, executing each process of S100 to S600.

First, in S100, the theoretical usage calculation unit 110 calculates the theoretical resource usage for each product. The theoretical usage calculation unit 110 may calculate the theoretical resource usage from a bill of materials indicating the resources used in the production of the product and the actual production volume of the product. The theoretical usage calculation unit 110 may calculate the theoretical resource usage for each resource by multiplying the resource usage per unit amount of the product indicated in the bill of materials by the actual production volume of the product.

Figure 3 shows an example of a bill of materials according to this embodiment. The bill of materials includes a list of resources used in the manufacture of each product. Resources may be materials (e.g., raw materials, catalysts, packaging materials, etc.), parts, energy sources (e.g., electricity, gas, etc.), media (e.g., solvents, cooling media, cleaning media, etc.), and any other necessary resources required when producing a product. Resources may include not only those used directly in the production of products, but also those used indirectly in production by being used for the maintenance of facilities and equipment of the production entity 20. The bill of materials shows the resources required to manufacture a given amount of product.

For example, in Figure 3, raw materials 1 to 4, electricity, gas, packaging materials, and cooling media are given as examples of resources. According to the parts list in Figure 3, to produce 1 ton of product A, 450 kg of raw material A, 112 kg of raw material 2, and 50 kg of raw material 3 are consumed (raw material 4 is not used in product A), 500 kWh of electricity, no gas, 5 kg of packaging materials, and 100 kg of cooling media are consumed.

According to the bill of materials, when producing 1 ton of product B, 10 kg of raw material 2, 500 kg of raw material 3, no raw materials 1 and 4, 350 kWh of electricity, ²⁰ m3 of gas, and 5 kg of packaging material are consumed. When producing 1 ton of product C, 50 kg of raw material 3, 625 kg of raw material 4, no raw materials 1 and 2, 200 kWh of electricity, ⁵ m3 of gas, and 10 kg of packaging material are consumed.

Note that the amounts of resources used by the entire production entity 20 (e.g., a factory) such as electricity, water, gas, etc., and resources used for maintaining facilities and equipment (hereinafter also referred to as shared resources) in the bill of materials may not be strictly specified for each product. In such cases, the amount of shared resources used may be the amount of the entire production entity 20 used equally distributed among each product, or the amount of the entire production entity 20 used pro rata based on the actual production volume of each product.

Figure 4 shows an example of a method for calculating the theoretical resource usage and total theoretical resources of a product. The theoretical usage calculation unit 110 can calculate the theoretical resource usage from the bill of materials and the actual production volume of the product. The theoretical usage calculation unit 110 may obtain the actual production volume of the product by obtaining it from a database or by having the operator input it. The actual production volume of the product may be the actual production volume of the product produced by the production entity 20 in a predetermined period (e.g., one day, one week, one month, one year, etc.).

For example, in the example of FIG. 4, the theoretical resource usage that is theoretically considered to have been consumed by product A is calculated by multiplying the actual production volume of product A (10 tons) by the resource usage of product A shown in the bill of materials (per 1 ton produced). For example, the theoretical usage calculation unit 110 can calculate that when producing 10 tons of product A, raw material 1: 4,500 kg (450 kg x 10), raw material 2: 1,120 kg (112 kg x 10), raw material 3: 500 kg (50 kg x 10), etc. are consumed.

For convenience of explanation, FIG. 4 only shows raw materials 1 to 3, but in reality, the theoretical usage calculation unit 110 may calculate the theoretical resource usage for all resources included in the bill of materials. The theoretical usage calculation unit 110 may omit the calculation of the theoretical resource usage for some resources (e.g., resources that are used only in very small amounts and/or resources with very small emission coefficients). For convenience of explanation, the following explanation also shows only some resources (e.g., raw materials 1 to 3), but the system 10 may also perform the same processing for all other resources not shown as it does for some resources (e.g., raw materials 1 to 3).

Similarly, the theoretical usage calculation unit 110 can calculate that when producing 20 tons of product B, raw material 1: 0 kg (0 kg x 20), raw material 2: 200 kg (10 kg x 20), raw material 3: 10,000 kg (500 kg x 20), etc. are consumed.

The theoretical usage calculation unit 110 calculates the theoretical resource usage for multiple products produced by the production entity 20. From the perspective of consistency with the actual total, which will be described later, it is preferable for the theoretical usage calculation unit 110 to calculate the theoretical resource usage for all products produced by the production entity 20, but calculations for some products may be omitted.

Next, in S200, the theoretical total calculation unit 120 calculates the theoretical resource total by totaling the theoretical resource usage of the multiple products calculated in S100. The theoretical total calculation unit 120 may calculate the theoretical resource total by totaling the theoretical resource usage of all products for each resource. For example, in the example of FIG. 4, the theoretical total calculation unit 120 may calculate the theoretical resource total (100,000 kg) for raw material 1 by totaling the theoretical resource usage of product A (4,500 kg), the theoretical resource usage of product B (0 kg), .... Note that in FIG. 4, the theoretical resource total is expressed in kg for the convenience of explanation, but in actual use, the unit and significant figures may be appropriately set and expressed. For example, raw material A may be expressed as 450 tons or 0.45 kilotons as the theoretical resource total in FIG. 4. The same applies to FIGS. 5, 6, 8, and 9 described below.

Similarly, the theoretical total calculation unit 120 may calculate the theoretical total resource amount (22,400 kg) for raw material 2 by totaling the theoretical resource amount (1,120 kg) of product A, the theoretical resource amount (200 kg) of product B, ... for raw material 2. The theoretical total calculation unit 120 may calculate the theoretical total resource amount (100,000 kg) for raw material 3 by totaling the theoretical resource amount (500 kg) of product A, the theoretical resource amount (1,000 kg) of product B, ... for raw material 3.

Next, in S300, the resource usage ratio calculation unit 130 calculates the product-specific resource usage ratio, which is the ratio of the theoretical resource usage amount for each product to the total theoretical resources. The resource usage ratio calculation unit 130 may calculate the product-specific resource usage ratio for each resource for all products or for some products (e.g., only products for which emission estimation is required).

Figure 5 shows an example of a method for calculating the product-specific resource usage ratio for product A. As shown in the figure, the resource usage ratio calculation unit 130 may calculate the product-specific resource usage ratio by dividing the theoretical total resource calculated in S200 as the denominator by the theoretical resource usage amount of the product calculated in S100 as the numerator.

As an example, the resource usage ratio calculation unit 130 calculates 0.01 (4500 kg/450,000 kg) as the product-specific resource usage ratio for raw material 1 of product A. The product-specific resource usage ratio for raw material 1 of product A is the theoretical ratio of raw material 1 consumed in the production of all products that would be used in the production of product A if each product were manufactured according to the bill of materials (i.e., according to theory).

Similarly, the resource usage ratio calculation unit 130 calculates the product-specific resource usage ratio for raw material 2 of product A to be 0.05 (1120 kg/22400 kg). The resource usage ratio calculation unit 130 calculates the product-specific resource usage ratio for raw material 3 of product A to be 0.005 (500 kg/100000 kg).

Next, in S400, the product-specific usage record calculation unit 140 calculates the resource usage record amount by product. First, the product-specific usage record calculation unit 140 obtains the total record. The product-specific usage record calculation unit 140 may obtain the total record from a database or by input by the operator.

The actual total is the total amount of resources actually used by the production entity 20 in the production of multiple products. In other words, the theoretical resource total calculated in S200 was the theoretical resource consumption amount of the production entity 20 derived from the bill of materials and the production results of each product, but the actual total may be the amount of resources actually used by the production entity 20. The actual total may be the actual amount of resources used by the production entity 20 in a predetermined period (e.g., one day, one week, one month, one year, etc.).

Here, the period related to the "total performance" may be the same as the length and/or timing of the period used in the compilation of the "product production volume performance." For example, if the total performance is the amount of resources used by the production entity 20 from November 1 to November 30, 2022, the "product production volume performance" may also be the production volume performance of the production entity 20 from November 1 to November 30, 2022.

Alternatively, the two may be aggregated at different times over the same or approximately the same period. For example, if the total performance is the amount of resources used by production entity 20 from October 1 to 31, 2022, the "performance of product production volume" may be the performance of production by production entity 20 from November 1 to 30, 2022, one month later. This is because there may be a certain time lag between the consumption of resources and the counting of production performance.

In the actual total, the set of products that are treated as having consumed resources may be completely identical to the set of products used when the theoretical resource total is calculated in S200. Alternatively, these sets of products do not have to be completely identical, and the actual total and the theoretical resource total may be defined as matching when a preset condition is met. For example, when the ratio of the actual total to the theoretical resource total exceeds a threshold, that is, when the majority (e.g., 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 98% or more, 99% or more, or 99.5% or more on a part number basis or production volume actual basis) match, it is sufficient. This is because the products from which the bill of materials and the actual total are obtained do not necessarily match completely, and even if there is a partial discrepancy to the extent that the impact on production volume and/or resource consumption is small, there is no significant impact on the emission estimate.

Next, the product-specific usage record calculation unit 140 calculates the product-specific resource usage record amount based on the acquired total result and the product-specific resource usage ratio calculated in S300. The product-specific usage record calculation unit 140 may calculate the product-specific resource usage record amount for each resource by multiplying the total result by the product-specific resource usage ratio.

Figure 6 shows an example of a method for calculating the actual resource usage amount by product for product A. As shown in the figure, the actual usage amount by product calculation unit 140 multiplies the total actual usage amount of raw material 1 across all products (30,000 kg) by the resource usage ratio by product for raw material 1 for product A (0.01) to calculate the actual resource usage amount by product for raw material 1 for product A (300 kg). This means that it is estimated that 300 kg of raw material 1 will be required to manufacture product A.

Similarly, the product-specific usage performance calculation unit 140 multiplies the total performance of raw material 2 across all products (25,000 kg) by the product-specific resource usage ratio (0.05) for raw material 2 of product A to calculate the product-specific resource usage amount (1,250 kg) for raw material 2 of product A. The product-specific usage performance calculation unit 140 multiplies the total performance of raw material 3 across all products (50,000 kg) by the product-specific resource usage ratio (0.005) for raw material 3 of product A to calculate the product-specific resource usage amount (250 kg) for raw material 3 of product A.

Next, in S500, the emission calculation unit 150 calculates the amount of greenhouse gas emissions emitted in association with the production of the product based on the actual resource usage amount by product calculated in S400 and the emission coefficient. The emission calculation unit 150 may obtain the emission coefficient from an external database such as a website, or the emission coefficient may be recorded in advance in the memory, storage, etc. of the system 10.

The emission coefficient is related to the amount of greenhouse effect substance emissions for each resource, and may be, for example, a coefficient that is multiplied by the amount of the resource to calculate the amount of greenhouse effect substance emissions caused by the consumption of the resource. As an example, the emission coefficient may be the CO2 emission coefficient used in MiLCA (a life cycle assessment tool provided by the Japan Sustainable Management Promotion Organization), or the emission coefficients of _CO2 , _CH4 , _N2O , HFC, PFC, _SF6 , _NF3 , etc. published by the Ministry of the Environment of Japan (https://ghg-santeikohyo.env.go.jp/calc).

The emission calculation unit 150 may multiply the actual resource usage amount by product by an emission coefficient for each resource in a product to calculate the greenhouse effect substance emission amount for each resource, and then add these up to calculate the greenhouse effect substance emission amount for the product. The emission calculation unit 150 may correct the emission coefficient or the actual resource usage amount by product as necessary.

For example, if the units of the emission coefficient and the actual resource usage amount by product do not match, the emission amount calculation unit 150 may correct the emission coefficient. As an example, if the emission coefficient for a certain resource is in kg-kg ( _CO2 ) (weight unit) and the actual resource usage amount by product is in ^m3 (volume unit), the emission calculation unit 150 may convert the actual resource usage amount by product into kg (weight unit) based on the resource density information, and then calculate the greenhouse substance emissions.

FIG. 7 shows an example of emission coefficients according to this embodiment. As shown in the figure, an emission coefficient is set for each resource (raw materials 1 to 4, electricity, gas, packaging materials, cooling medium, etc.). The emission coefficient may be on a weight basis (e.g., kg-kg (CO ₂ )). In FIG. 7, an emission coefficient is not set for raw material 4. This may mean that the emission coefficient for raw material 4 is 0 (i.e., no greenhouse gases are emitted) or that the emission coefficient is unknown/not calculated. Note that the emission coefficients in FIG. 7 are appropriately set for convenience of explanation and do not reflect the values actually used.

Figure 8 shows an example of a method for calculating the greenhouse substance emissions of product A. As shown in the figure, the emission calculation unit 150 multiplies the actual resource usage amount by product of raw material 1 of product A (300 kg) by the emission coefficient of raw material 1 (0.121) to calculate the greenhouse substance emissions (36 kg) resulting from the use of raw material 1 of product A.

Similarly, the emission calculation unit 150 multiplies the actual resource usage amount by product (1,250 kg) of raw material 2 of product A by the emission coefficient of raw material 2 (0.335) to calculate the greenhouse effect substance emission amount (419 kg) resulting from the use of raw material 2 of product A. The emission calculation unit 150 multiplies the actual resource usage amount by product (250 kg) of raw material 3 of product A by the emission coefficient of raw material 3 (0.210) to calculate the greenhouse effect substance emission amount (53 kg) resulting from the use of raw material 3 of product A.

Furthermore, the emission calculation unit 150 calculates the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the production of product A (3,000 kg) by adding up the emissions resulting from the production of product A for all resources (raw material 1, raw material 2, raw material 3, ...) (36 kg + 419 kg + 53 kg + ...).

Next, in S600, the emission calculation unit 150 calculates the amount of greenhouse substance emissions emitted through the production of all products produced by the production entity 20. For example, the emission calculation unit 150 may multiply the actual total by the emission coefficient for each resource to calculate the amount of greenhouse substance emissions for each resource, and then total these to calculate the amount of greenhouse substance emissions for the production entity 20. If it is not necessary to calculate the emissions for the production entity 20, the process of S600 may be omitted.

Figure 9 shows an example of a method for calculating the greenhouse substance emissions of the production entity 20. As shown in the figure, the emission calculation unit 150 multiplies the production entity 20's actual resource usage amount by product (30,000 kg) of raw material 1 by the emission coefficient of raw material 1 (0.121) to calculate the greenhouse substance emissions (3,630 kg) resulting from the production entity 20's use of raw material 1.

Similarly, the emission calculation unit 150 multiplies the actual resource usage amount by product of raw material 2 of the production entity 20 (25,000 kg) by the emission coefficient of raw material 2 (0.335) to calculate the emission amount of greenhouse effect substances (8,375 kg) resulting from the use of raw material 2 by the production entity 20. The emission calculation unit 150 multiplies the actual resource usage amount by product of raw material 3 of the production entity 20 (50,000 kg) by the emission coefficient of raw material 3 (0.210) to calculate the emission amount of greenhouse effect substances (10,500 kg) resulting from the use of raw material 3 by the production entity 20.

Furthermore, the emission calculation unit 150 calculates the total emission of greenhouse gases (20,000 kg) resulting from the production of all products by the production entity 20 by adding up the emissions resulting from the production of all resources (raw material 1, raw material 2, raw material 3, ...) by the production entity 20 (3,630 kg + 8,375 kg + 10,500 kg + ...).

The emission amount calculation unit 150 may calculate the amount of greenhouse effect substances emitted through the production of all products produced by the production entity 20 in other ways. For example, if the amount of greenhouse effect substances emitted by all products is calculated in S500, the emission amount calculation unit 150 may calculate the amount of greenhouse effect substances emitted by the production entity 20 by totaling the amount of greenhouse effect substances emitted by all products.

In this way, system 10 calculates the theoretical resource usage ratio for each product from the bill of materials and the actual production volume of each product, calculates the actual resource usage by product using the resource usage ratio for each product and the total actual amount, and uses this and the emission coefficient to estimate the greenhouse substance emissions of each product. Although a huge amount of memory capacity and/or calculation resources are required to precisely record and/or calculate the resources used by each product, according to this embodiment, the greenhouse substance emissions of each product can be calculated with little memory capacity/computational resources/computation time.

Figure 10 shows the flow of an emission amount estimation method according to a modified example of this embodiment. The system 10 repeatedly estimates the amount of greenhouse substance emissions by, for example, executing each process from S700 to S1100.

In S700, the system 10 may execute S100 to S600 described in the flow shown in FIG. 2 or a part of them. In this way, the system 10 calculates the greenhouse effect substance emissions for each product.

Next, in S800, the update unit 160 determines whether a predetermined period has elapsed and/or whether a predetermined event has occurred. For example, the predetermined period may be a period for calculating the amount of greenhouse substance emissions, and may be any period. As an example, the predetermined period may be one day, one week, ten days, one month, three months (quarter), half a year (semester), or one year.

The predetermined event may be an event for which it is necessary or desirable to recalculate greenhouse gas emissions, or may be any event. For example, the predetermined event may be a change in resources used to manufacture a product, an update to a bill of materials, a change in an emission factor, etc. Also, if natural energy is used at least in part as a power source, the predetermined event may be an event that affects the generation of natural energy, such as the weather becoming a predetermined state, or wind speed rising or falling above/below a predetermined value.

If the determination in S800 is Yes, the update unit 160 proceeds to S900, and if the determination is No, the update unit 160 may wait for a certain period of time (e.g., a "predetermined period" related to the determination in S800) and then perform the determination in S800 again.

In S900, the update unit 160 may update the emission coefficient as necessary. For example, when the emission coefficient is updated to the latest one in the database, the update unit 160 may update the emission coefficient to the latest one. In addition, for example, the update unit 160 may update the emission coefficient in response to a change in resources such as the power source of electricity or raw materials in the bill of materials.

As one example, if the power source for electricity in the bill of materials is changed from thermal power generation to natural energy, the emission coefficient will decrease significantly. In such a case, the update unit 160 may change the emission coefficient from thermal power generation to natural energy generation. As another example, if the raw materials in the bill of materials are changed from chemically synthesized to bio-derived alternative raw materials, the emission coefficient will decrease significantly. In such a case, the update unit 160 may change the emission coefficient from chemically synthesized to bio-derived.

In S1000, the update unit 160 may update the bill of materials as necessary. For example, if the bill of materials is changed in response to a change in the composition of raw materials in the product or process conditions, the update unit 160 may update the bill of materials.

In S1100, the update unit 160 may update the actual production volume and/or the total production volume of the product as necessary. For example, the update unit 160 may update the actual production volume and/or the total production volume of the product for each predetermined period. After S1100, the system 10 may start the process of S700 again.

According to this embodiment, the system 10 can periodically calculate the amount of greenhouse substance emissions for each product, or calculate the amount of greenhouse substance emissions for each product for each event that affects the amount of emissions. This allows the system 10 to more accurately calculate the amount of greenhouse substance emissions.

Figure 11 shows the flow of the capital amount calculation method according to this embodiment. The system 10 calculates the amount of capital required to purchase a product, including the increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, by executing, for example, each process of S10 to S50.

First, in S10, the system 10 calculates the amount of greenhouse effect substance emissions for each product. The system 10 may calculate the amount of greenhouse effect substance emissions using the method described in Figures 2 to 10, or may obtain an already calculated value from a memory or a database, etc. The system 10 may calculate the amount of greenhouse effect substance emissions per unit amount of product. For example, the system 10 may calculate the amount of greenhouse effect substance emissions for each product using the method described in Figures 2 to 10, and divide this by the actual production volume for each product to calculate the amount of greenhouse effect substance emissions per unit amount of product.

Next, in S20, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 calculates the feasibility corresponding to the increase or decrease in greenhouse substance emissions. The feasibility is an index showing the difficulty of achieving a reduction in a unit amount of greenhouse substance emissions, and may be the amount of capital required for the reduction. The feasibility may be the amount of surplus capital resulting from an increase in a unit amount of greenhouse substance emissions.

For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 calculates the unit cost of reducing greenhouse substance emissions as the above-mentioned difficulty of realization. For example, assume that by changing a specific raw material (e.g. raw material 1 in FIG. 3) to another alternative raw material 1, the emission coefficient can be reduced by 50%, and thus the greenhouse substance emissions originating from raw material 1 can also be reduced by 50%. In such a case, the additional capital amount, which is the amount of capital additionally required by changing raw material 1 to alternative raw material 1, is calculated.

The amount of capital in this embodiment may be technical and/or economic value, such as computational resources, money, personnel, materials, time, and various other costs. The amount of capital is typically money, but is not limited to this.

The required capital calculation unit 220 calculates the additional capital amount per unit amount (e.g., 1 ton) required to switch raw material 1 to alternative raw material 1 from the difference between the capital amount per unit amount (e.g., 1 ton) required to acquire alternative raw material 1 and the capital amount per unit amount (e.g., 1 ton) required to acquire raw material 1.

The required capital amount calculation unit 220 may calculate the amount of capital required to reduce greenhouse substance emissions by a unit amount (e.g., 1 ton). For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may calculate the unit required capital amount per unit amount of greenhouse substance emissions by dividing the additional capital amount by the amount of greenhouse substance reduction that occurs by switching raw material 1 to alternative raw material 1.

The difficulty of realization may be set according to the amount of increase or decrease in greenhouse substances. For example, if the reduction in greenhouse substances is still insufficient even after substituting resources with a relatively small unit capital requirement, it becomes necessary to further substitute resources with a large unit capital requirement. In other words, it is expected that the difficulty of realization (e.g., unit capital requirement) will increase as the amount of greenhouse substance reduction increases.

In such a case, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may calculate the unit required capital amount according to the reduction amount, so that the replacement is performed by substituting resources with a small unit required capital amount. Even when increasing greenhouse gas substances, the reduction effect of the required capital amount gradually decreases, so the difficulty of realization is set according to the increase amount.

The difficulty of realizing the reduction may be set according to the amount of reduction that can be achieved. Examples of the amount of reduction that can be achieved include the amount of greenhouse effect substance emissions that can be reduced by replacing at least some of the resources used in the manufacture of a product with resources that emit less greenhouse effect substances, or by replacing at least some of the steps in the manufacturing method of a product with methods that emit less greenhouse effect substances. The difficulty of realizing the amount that exceeds the possible reduction may be set higher than the difficulty of realizing the amount that is within the possible reduction. For example, the difficulty of realizing the amount that exceeds the amount of reduction in greenhouse effect substance emissions that can be achieved by replacing all replaceable resources may be set higher than the difficulty of realizing the amount that is less than that. This is because the amount of reduction that exceeds the possible reduction will need to be procured from the emissions trading market, or from reductions in other products, which would require additional capital.

The difficulty of realization may be set according to the greenhouse substance emission reduction limit and the amount of increase or decrease in greenhouse substances. In addition to the above example, it is expected that the difficulty of realization (e.g., unit required capital amount) will vary depending on the amount of reduction limit held by the product seller. For example, this is because a product purchaser may need to purchase a reduction limit separately in the market, etc., or may have an opportunity to sell the reduction limit. For example, the difficulty of realization of the reduction amount ordered in S30 described below that exceeds the greenhouse substance emission reduction limit may be set higher than the difficulty of realization of the reduction amount within the reduction limit.

Figure 12 shows an example of a capital amount calculation according to this embodiment. Figure 12 shows the change in emission coefficient, reduction in emissions, increase in capital amount, and capital amount per unit amount of emission when the resource shown in the bill of materials in Figure 3 is substituted with another resource.

In the example of Figure 12, if 60% of raw material 1 used in the production of product A is replaced with alternative raw material 1, the average emission coefficient will be 0.121 x 0.4 + 0.061 x 0.6 = 0.085. This reduces the emission coefficient of raw material 1 by 0.036. Therefore, since 270 kg of raw material 1 is used per ton of product A, 270 kg x 0.036 = 9.72 kg of greenhouse gases can be eliminated. On the other hand, replacing 60% of raw material 1 with alternative raw material 1 requires an additional capital amount of $97.2 per ton of product A. In other words, this shows that an additional capital amount of $97.2 / 9.72 kg = $10 is required to reduce greenhouse gases by 1 kg.

In the example of Figure 12, there is no substitute raw material 2 for raw material 2. If raw material 3 is substituted 100% with substitute raw material 3, the emission coefficient decreases from 0.21 to 0.05, which allows 8 kg of greenhouse gases to be eliminated per ton of product A. To substitute raw material 3 for substitute raw material 3, an additional capital amount of $120 per ton of product A is required. In other words, it is shown that an additional capital amount of $120/8 kg = $15 is required to reduce greenhouse gases by 1 kg. Furthermore, the total reduction in greenhouse gas emissions due to resource substitution is calculated to be 900 kg, and the total increase in capital amount is calculated to be $1,800. From these values, the capital increase per kg reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is calculated to be $2.

The above example shows a case where greenhouse gas emissions are reduced by substituting resources, but additional capital is required in return. Alternatively/in addition, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may also perform calculations for alternative resources that increase greenhouse gas emissions in exchange for a reduction in the amount of capital.

In S30, the reception unit 210 receives, from the terminal of the product purchaser, an order for the product and an order for the increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions that will occur with the production of the ordered product. For example, when receiving an order for a product, the reception unit 210 may also receive an order for credits for the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions that will occur with the manufacture of the product. As described above, reducing emissions requires additional capital by adopting alternative resources, and therefore requires a larger amount of capital than ordering the product alone.

In addition, when receiving an order for a product, the reception unit 210 may also receive an order for credits for increased greenhouse substance emissions that arise from the manufacture of the product. An order for increased emissions credits can essentially be considered as a sale of greenhouse substance emission credits. In other words, the reception unit 210 may accept the sale of greenhouse substance emissions (emissions credits) in conjunction with an order (purchase) of a product.

Next, in S40, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 calculates the required capital amount for the product after the ordered greenhouse effect substance emission amount allocation. The required capital amount calculation unit 220 calculates the required capital amount based on the reduction cost calculated in S20 and the order received in S30.

The required capital calculation unit 220 first calculates the amount of capital required for the product itself based on the difficulty of obtaining the product and the order quantity of the product. The difficulty of obtaining the product is the degree of difficulty in obtaining a unit amount of the product, and may be, for example, the amount of capital required per unit amount of the product. As an example, the required capital calculation unit 220 may calculate the amount of capital required for the product itself by multiplying the amount of capital required per unit amount of the product by the order quantity of the product.

Next, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 calculates the required capital amount for the greenhouse substance emission allocation portion based on the increase/decrease in greenhouse substance emissions ordered in S30 and the difficulty of achieving the increase/decrease amount calculated in S20. For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may calculate the required capital amount required for the reduction by multiplying the reduction amount ordered in S30 by the unit required capital amount per unit amount of greenhouse substance emissions calculated as the difficulty of achieving it in S20.

The required capital amount calculation unit 220 may add other expenses and/or profits to the feasibility calculated in S20. For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may calculate the required amount of capital required for the reduction by multiplying the reduction amount ordered in S30 by the unit required capital amount calculated in S20 plus profits.

The required capital amount calculation unit 220 may then calculate the required capital amount for the product after the greenhouse substance emission amount allocation by adding the required capital amount for the product itself and the required capital amount required for the reduction. In this way, in response to receiving an order for a reduction in greenhouse substance emissions, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 calculates an increased required capital amount based on the amount of reduction and the difficulty of achieving the amount of reduction.

In response to receiving an order for an increase in greenhouse substance emissions in S30, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may calculate a discounted required capital amount based on the amount of increase and the difficulty of realizing the increase. In other words, when an order for an increase in greenhouse substance emissions (i.e., essentially the sale of emission credits) has been received, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 calculates the required capital amount by subtracting the emission credits corresponding to the emission increase from the required capital amount for the product itself.

In S50, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 transmits the required capital amount calculated in S40 to the terminal of the purchaser of the product. For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may display the required capital amount on the terminal screen of the purchaser (e.g., a product purchase screen).

Fig. 13 shows an example of an input screen for calculating the amount of capital according to this embodiment. The reception unit 210 may receive an order for a product and a greenhouse effect substance ( _CO2 in the example shown in the figure) via an input screen such as that shown in Fig. 13. The solid lines in the figure indicate items that may be input by a purchaser via a terminal, and the solid lines indicate items that may be automatically displayed by the system 10 in response to a selection made by the purchaser.

The reception unit 210 may receive the specification of the product name, product number, etc. from the product name input field 1310 via the purchaser's terminal. For example, the product name input field 1310 may allow one product to be selected from a number of predetermined products. Similarly, the reception unit 210 may receive the specification of a grade from the grade input field 1312 via the purchaser's terminal. The grade input field 1312 may allow one grade to be selected from a number of predetermined grades. If no grade is set for the product, input into the grade input field 1312 may be omitted.

The reception unit 210 may receive a designation of the order quantity of the product from the order quantity input field 1314 via the purchaser's terminal. For example, the order quantity input field 1314 may be configured to allow a numerical value to be input directly. Alternatively, the order quantity may be designated by sliding the order quantity input bar 1316.

In response to input in the product name input field 1310, the grade input field 1312, the order quantity input field 1314, etc., the amount of greenhouse gas emissions associated with the input product may be displayed on the input screen. For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may display the amount of greenhouse gas emissions (e.g., CO ₂ ) per unit amount (e.g., 1 kg) of the specified product in an emission unit amount display field 1318 based on the items input in the product name input field 1310 and the grade input field 1312. The required capital amount calculation unit 220 may display the amount of emissions per unit amount of the product calculated in S10 for the selected product.

Furthermore, for example, the required capital amount calculation section 220 may display the amount of greenhouse effect substances (e.g., CO ₂ ) generated due to a specified order amount of a specified product in an emission amount display section 1320 based on the items input in the order amount input section 1314 and/or the order amount input bar 1316. The required capital amount calculation section 220 may multiply the emission amount per unit amount of the product by the order amount to calculate the amount generated, and display this in the emission amount display section 1320.

The reception unit 210 may receive a specification of the reduction rate of greenhouse substances from the reduction rate input field 1340 via the purchaser's terminal. For example, the reduction rate input field 1340 may be configured to allow a numerical value to be input directly. Alternatively, the reduction rate may be specified by sliding the reduction rate input bar 1342.

In response to input in the reduction rate input field 1340 or the reduction rate input bar 1342, etc., the reduction amount of greenhouse substances according to the input reduction rate may be displayed on the input screen. For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may multiply the emission amount (e.g., 3000 T) displayed in the emission amount display field 1320 by the input reduction rate (e.g., 30%) to calculate the reduction amount (e.g., 900 T), and display the calculated reduction amount in the reduction amount display field 1344.

Here, the reception unit 210 may not accept an order for a reduction in greenhouse substance emissions that exceeds the greenhouse substance emission reduction limit. The reduction limit may be a reduction limit (e.g., emission credits) of greenhouse substance emissions that the product seller already has. The reduction limit may be the sum of the reduction limit of greenhouse substance emissions that the product seller and purchaser already have.

For example, the reception unit 210 may obtain the numerical value of the holding reduction quota from a database or memory, and if it determines that the amount of emissions will exceed this amount as a result of the order, it may cancel the input to the reduction rate input field 1340 or the reduction rate input bar 1342. Alternatively, the reception unit 210 may set a reduction rate calculated backwards from the holding reduction quota in advance as the upper limit for input to the reduction rate input bar 1342.

Alternatively, the reception unit 210 may receive an order for a reduction in greenhouse substance emissions that exceeds the holding reduction limit. In this case, the reduction in greenhouse substance emissions that exceeds the holding reduction limit may be compensated for by changing the resources used to manufacture the product to alternative resources with a lower emission coefficient.

The required capital amount calculation unit 220 may display the unit price of the product itself. For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 displays the unit price of the product itself in the product unit price display field 1350.

The required capital amount calculation unit 220 may display the unit price per unit amount (e.g., 1 ton) of the product for reducing greenhouse substances. For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 displays the unit price of reducing greenhouse substances per order of 1 ton of one product in the product reduction unit price display field 1352. The required capital amount calculation unit 220 may display a predetermined unit price in the product reduction unit price display field 1352. In addition/alternatively, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may display the reduction unit price calculated in S20 or a unit price obtained by adding profits, etc. to the reduction unit price in the product reduction unit price display field 1352.

The required capital amount calculation unit 220 may display the unit price per unit amount (e.g., 1 ton) of greenhouse substance reduction. For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 displays the unit price per ton of greenhouse substance reduction in the emission reduction unit price display field 1354. In the example of FIG. 13, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may display the unit price obtained by dividing the unit price displayed in the product reduction unit price display field 1352 by the reduction amount displayed in the reduction amount display field 1344.

The required capital amount calculation unit 220 may calculate and display the required capital amount for the product after the greenhouse substance emission amount has been allocated. For example, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may add the reduced unit price displayed in the product reduced unit price display field 1352 to the unit price of the product itself displayed in the product unit price display field 1350, and display the result in the total unit price field 1356. The required capital amount calculation unit 220 may multiply the unit price displayed in the total unit price field 1356 by the order quantity displayed in the order quantity input field 1314, and display this as the total price in the total price field 1360.

In the above, an example of accepting an order from a single purchaser has been described. Alternatively, the accepting unit 210 may accept orders from a plurality of purchasers. Here, when the total of the increase or decrease in greenhouse substance emissions of the plurality of purchasers exceeds the greenhouse substance emission holding reduction limit, the required capital amount calculating unit 220 may accept orders by reducing the greenhouse substance emission reduction amount from the plurality of purchasers based on the ratio of the holding reduction limit to the total of the increase or decrease. For example, when two purchasers each order a reduction amount of 50 tons of CO ₂ (total of 100 tons), but the product manufacturer has a holding reduction limit of only 50 tons, the purchasers may be assigned a holding reduction limit of 25 tons of CO ₂ and then the orders may be accepted. This allows the holding reduction limit to be fairly distributed to the orders of the reduction amount from the plurality of purchasers.

Alternatively, the required capital amount calculation unit 220 may collect and total the budgets that can be paid for the reduction in greenhouse substance emissions from multiple purchasers to calculate a total budget, and calculate the unit price of the reduction amount by dividing the owned reduction limit by this total budget. The reception unit 210 may then receive an order for the reduction amount based on the calculated unit price.

Thus, according to this embodiment, system 10, which functions as a capital amount calculation system, can calculate the amount of capital required to purchase a product, taking into account increases or decreases in greenhouse substance emissions. This allows greenhouse substance emissions to be shared between product manufacturers and purchasers, and entities that can easily reduce greenhouse substance emissions will proactively implement reductions, resulting in further promotion of reductions in greenhouse substance emissions.

In the above example, the case of handling the emission of greenhouse gases has been described, but the system 10 and the like can also be applied to other environmental load substances. For example, the system 10 can also be applied to environmental load substances such as the emission of ozone-depleting substances, photochemical oxidants, air pollutants, eutrophication substances, biologically toxic substances, and human toxic substances.

In the above embodiment, it was explained that the increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions is also transferred from the product seller to the purchaser along with the sale of the product. Here, the transfer of the increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions may also be authenticated using blockchain.

Figure 14 shows the configuration of an information processing system 2500 according to a modified example of this embodiment. The information processing system 2500 is a system for supporting resource recycling. The information processing system 2500 stores and manages information on the increase/decrease in greenhouse effect substance emissions and their transfers, for example, shown in Figures 11 to 13, and determines whether or not to give certification that the transfer of the increase/decrease in greenhouse effect substance emissions associated with the order of a product (for example, the transfer of emission credits) has been performed correctly. The information processing system 2500 includes terminal devices 2510a, 2510b, and 2510c, and a blockchain network 2502. The terminal devices 2510a, 2510b, and 2510c, and the blockchain network 2502 can communicate with each other via the network N. In the example shown in Figure 14, the information processing system 2500 includes three terminal devices, but the number of terminal devices is set arbitrarily and may be two or less or four or more. The terminal devices 2510a, 2510b, and 2510c may each have a similar configuration or may have different configurations. In one embodiment, when the terminal devices 2510a, 2510b, and 2510c are referred to without distinction, they are collectively referred to as the terminal devices 2510.

The terminal device 2510 is an information processing device used by a user who uses the services provided by the information processing system 2500. The terminal device 2510 may be, for example, a personal computer, a smartphone, a tablet terminal, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), or a dedicated information processing device. At least one of the multiple terminal devices 2510 may be a communication terminal used by the production entity 20, a product seller, and/or a product purchaser.

The blockchain network 2502 is a platform for using blockchain technology. The blockchain network 2502 has a distributed system that is processed by multiple computers (hereinafter referred to as "node devices") that exist on the network. Communication between the node devices is typically performed by P2P (Peer to Peer). By adopting P2P, even if a malfunction occurs in some node devices, the entire system is unlikely to go down, and system continuity is maintained. In the blockchain, transaction information between participants is summarized in blocks as transactions. Each block is linked in a chain and stored and managed in each node device in chronological order. Approval of a new block is formed by a consensus formation process in the distributed network. Each block of the blockchain stores the hash value of the previous block. If each block is tampered with, the hash value also changes, so the hash value of the subsequent block also needs to be changed. Therefore, by adopting blockchain technology, it is possible to build a highly secure system that is difficult to tamper with.

The blockchain network 2502 includes node devices 2520a, 2520b, 2520c, and 2510d. In the example shown in FIG. 14, four node devices are shown as node devices included in the blockchain network 2502, but the number of node devices is set arbitrarily and may be three or less or five or more. The node devices 2520a, 2520b, 2520c, and 2520d each have the same configuration. In one embodiment, when the node devices 2520a, 2520b, 2520c, and 2520d are referred to without distinction from one another, they are collectively referred to as node devices 2520.

The node device 2520 may be, for example, one or more systems 10 and/or other computers. In this case, the node device 2520 communicates with some of the multiple communication terminals used by the system 10, product sellers, and/or product purchasers to perform distributed processing of management of the increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions (e.g., emission credits).

As a variant, the blockchain network 2502 may be replaced with other configurations that store and process data, such as a server device, cloud computing, or edge computing. Also, instead of using the blockchain network 2502 alone, a combination of any two or more of the blockchain network 2502, a server device, cloud computing, or edge computing may be used.

The network N is composed of a wireless network and a wired network. Examples of networks include the Internet, a LAN (Local Area Network), a WAN (Wide Area Network), a mobile phone network, a wireless LAN, 5G (5th Generation), 4G (4th Generation), LTE (Long Term Evolution), WiMax (registered trademark), infrared communication, Bluetooth (registered trademark), a wired LAN, a telephone line, a power line network, and a network conforming to IEEE 1394, etc.

Figure 15 shows the configuration of a blockchain network 2502 according to a modified example of this embodiment. In the example shown in Figure 15, each node device 2520 in the blockchain network 2502 has, as its main functional components, a transaction information acquisition unit 2600, an authentication unit 2608, a consensus formation processing unit 2610, and a memory unit 2612. These functions are realized, for example, by a control unit (processor) possessed by each node device 2520 reading and executing a computer program stored in a memory device.

Figure 16 shows an example of the data structure of transaction information stored in the storage unit 2612 in a modified example of this embodiment. Note that the data structure shown in Figure 16 is just an example, and the transaction information can have any data structure.

The transaction information according to this modification includes identification information as event information. The transaction information according to this modification may be recorded as a block including event information corresponding to a transfer event of an increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions.

In this modified example, the node device 2520 manages the transfer and assignment of increases and decreases in greenhouse substance emissions as "transaction information." In the example shown in the figure, the transfer date and time, transferee, transferor, and amount information are specified as transaction information. The transferee and transferor information is information that enables the increase or decrease in greenhouse substance emissions transferred this time to be associated when used in another transfer.

Here, the information on the transferee and transferor may specify the hash value of the public key of the trading partner. The hash value of the public key specified as the trading partner information may be the destination (address) of the increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions specified in the leak.

The transaction information may include one or more pieces of event information. As will be described in detail later, the transaction information is verified by a consensus process, and once approved, it is stored as a structure called a block in the blockchain. The structure of the transaction information is not limited to the example in FIG. 16, and may be any structure.

The transaction information acquisition unit 2600 acquires event information for one or more events that should be recorded in the blockchain. The transaction information acquisition unit 2600 compiles the acquired event information for one or more events into a set of transaction information.

The transaction information acquisition unit 2600 may collect event information for a number of events that can be recorded in a predetermined memory space per block into one set of transaction information. The transaction information acquisition unit 2600 may also collect, for each predetermined cycle, one or more pieces of event information acquired within that cycle into one set of transaction information. Alternatively, the transaction information acquisition unit 2600 may include event information for one event in the transaction information and allocate one block per event.

In the example of FIG. 16, transaction information T01 includes an event (identification information "emissions allowance generation 000") that occurs in response to the generation of an emissions reduction allowance of 100 kg (quantity information) by reduction generator "XXX", and an event (identification information "emissions allowance transfer 001") that occurs in response to the transfer of the emissions reduction allowance (100 kg of _CO2 ) from "XXX" to "YYY".

The transaction information T02 includes an event (identification information "emission allowance transfer 002") that occurs in response to "YYY" acquiring an emission reduction allowance (100 kg _{of CO2} ) from "XXX", and an event (identification information "emission allowance transfer 011") that occurs in response to the further transfer of the emission reduction allowance ( ₁₀₀ kg of CO2) from "YYY" to "XYZ".

The certification unit 2608 certifies the creation and transfer of such emission allowances. The certification unit 2608 certifies when it is confirmed that greenhouse gas emissions have actually been reduced (for example, alternative resources have been used correctly, etc.).

Figure 17 shows an example of the data structure of a blockchain stored in the storage unit 2612 in a modified example of this embodiment. Figure 17 shows the structure of the N+1th block among blocks arranged in chronological order.

The "header" of a block may store, for example, the digest, timestamp, target, and nonce of the Nth block.

The "digest of the Nth block" stores, for example, identification information that allows each node device 2520 and terminal device 2510 on the blockchain network to uniquely identify the Nth block. The digest of the Nth block can be, for example, the hash value of the block.

"Timestamp" stores information about the timestamp or block number that is added when a block is created.

The "target" and "nonce" are values used when performing consensus processing using algorithms such as PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) or Endorsement-Ordering-Validation. The "target" is a value related to the difficulty of the consensus processing. The "nonce" is an arbitrary value created by the consensus processing when creating a block.

The consensus formation process executed by the consensus formation processing unit 2610 will be described in detail. In the consensus formation process, the consensus formation processing unit 2610 discovers a nonce based on the digest (hash value) of the N+1th block, and when it discovers an appropriate nonce, it stores the discovered nonce and creates the N+1th block. The consensus formation processing unit 2610 of each blockchain node (node device 2520) performing the consensus formation process repeatedly calculates the digest of the block header while changing the nonce value with the aim of discovering this appropriate nonce.

Furthermore, if the blockchain is a private or consortium type, it may be configured so that consensus building processing is not performed.

In the example shown in this figure, multiple pieces of transaction information are stored in the "body" of the block. However, this is not limited to this, and one piece of transaction information may be stored in the "body". The transaction information stored in a block has the same timestamp data.

Note that the block structure is not limited to the example in Figure 17 and may be any structure.

According to this modified example, the system 10 can store the event information in the blockchain network 2502. This allows the system 10 to safely store the event information and prevent tampering. Furthermore, the system 10 can use the event information safely stored in the form of transaction information to certify the process in which greenhouse gas reduction quotas are generated, traded, etc.

Various embodiments of the present invention may be described with reference to flow charts and block diagrams, where the blocks may represent (1) stages of a process in which operations are performed or (2) sections of an apparatus responsible for performing the operations. Particular stages and sections may be implemented by dedicated circuitry, programmable circuitry provided with computer readable instructions stored on a computer readable medium, and/or a processor provided with computer readable instructions stored on a computer readable medium. Dedicated circuitry may include digital and/or analog hardware circuitry and may include integrated circuits (ICs) and/or discrete circuits. Programmable circuitry may include reconfigurable hardware circuitry including logical AND, logical OR, logical XOR, logical NAND, logical NOR, and other logical operations, memory elements such as flip-flops, registers, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic arrays (PLAs), and the like.

A computer-readable medium may include any tangible device capable of storing instructions that are executed by a suitable device, such that the computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon comprises an article of manufacture that includes instructions that can be executed to create means for performing the operations specified in the flowchart or block diagram. Examples of computer-readable media may include electronic storage media, magnetic storage media, optical storage media, electromagnetic storage media, semiconductor storage media, and the like. More specific examples of computer-readable media may include floppy disks, diskettes, hard disks, random access memories (RAMs), read-only memories (ROMs), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs or flash memories), electrically erasable programmable read-only memories (EEPROMs), static random access memories (SRAMs), compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROMs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), Blu-ray disks, memory sticks, integrated circuit cards, and the like.

The computer readable instructions may include either assembler instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Smalltalk®, JAVA®, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages.

The computer-readable instructions may be provided to a processor or programmable circuit of a programmable data processing device, such as a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other computer, either locally or over a wide area network (WAN) such as a local area network (LAN), the Internet, etc., to execute the computer-readable instructions to create means for performing the operations specified in the flowcharts or block diagrams. Examples of processors include computer processors, processing units, microprocessors, digital signal processors, controllers, microcontrollers, etc.

18 shows an example of a computer 2200 in which aspects of the present invention may be embodied in whole or in part. A program installed on the computer 2200 may cause the computer 2200 to function as or perform operations associated with an apparatus or one or more sections of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and/or to perform a process or steps of the process according to an embodiment of the present invention. Such a program may be executed by the CPU 2212 to cause the computer 2200 to perform certain operations associated with some or all of the blocks of the flowcharts and block diagrams described herein.

The computer 2200 according to this embodiment includes a CPU 2212, a RAM 2214, a graphics controller 2216, and a display device 2218, which are interconnected by a host controller 2210. The computer 2200 also includes input/output units such as a communication interface 2222, a hard disk drive 2224, a DVD-ROM drive 2226, and an IC card drive, which are connected to the host controller 2210 via an input/output controller 2220. The computer also includes legacy input/output units such as a ROM 2230 and a keyboard 2242, which are connected to the input/output controller 2220 via an input/output chip 2240.

The CPU 2212 operates according to the programs stored in the ROM 2230 and the RAM 2214, thereby controlling each unit. The graphics controller 2216 retrieves image data generated by the CPU 2212 into a frame buffer or the like provided in the RAM 2214 or into itself, and causes the image data to be displayed on the display device 2218.

The communication interface 2222 communicates with other electronic devices via a network. The hard disk drive 2224 stores programs and data used by the CPU 2212 in the computer 2200. The DVD-ROM drive 2226 reads programs or data from the DVD-ROM 2201 and provides the programs or data to the hard disk drive 2224 via the RAM 2214. The IC card drive reads programs and data from an IC card and/or writes programs and data to an IC card.

ROM 2230 stores therein a boot program, etc., executed by computer 2200 upon activation, and/or a program that depends on the hardware of computer 2200. I/O chip 2240 may also connect various I/O units to I/O controller 2220 via a parallel port, a serial port, a keyboard port, a mouse port, etc.

The programs are provided by a computer-readable medium such as a DVD-ROM 2201 or an IC card. The programs are read from the computer-readable medium and installed in the hard disk drive 2224, RAM 2214, or ROM 2230, which are also examples of computer-readable media, and executed by the CPU 2212. The information processing described in these programs is read by the computer 2200, and brings about cooperation between the programs and the various types of hardware resources described above. An apparatus or method may be constructed by realizing the manipulation or processing of information according to the use of the computer 2200.

For example, when communication is performed between computer 2200 and an external device, CPU 2212 may execute a communication program loaded into RAM 2214 and instruct communication interface 2222 to perform communication processing based on the processing described in the communication program. Under the control of CPU 2212, communication interface 2222 reads transmission data stored in a transmission buffer processing area provided in RAM 2214, hard disk drive 2224, DVD-ROM 2201, or a recording medium such as an IC card, and transmits the read transmission data to the network, or writes reception data received from the network to a reception buffer processing area or the like provided on the recording medium.

The CPU 2212 may cause all or a necessary portion of a file or database stored on an external recording medium such as the hard disk drive 2224, the DVD-ROM drive 2226 (DVD-ROM 2201), an IC card, etc. to be read into the RAM 2214, and perform various types of processing on the data on the RAM 2214. The CPU 2212 then writes back the processed data to the external recording medium.

Various types of information, such as various types of programs, data, tables, and databases, may be stored in the recording medium and may undergo information processing. CPU 2212 may perform various types of processing on data read from RAM 2214, including various types of operations, information processing, conditional judgment, conditional branching, unconditional branching, information search/replacement, etc., as described throughout this disclosure and specified by the instruction sequence of the program, and write back the results to RAM 2214. CPU 2212 may also search for information in a file, database, etc. in the recording medium. For example, if multiple entries each having an attribute value of a first attribute associated with an attribute value of a second attribute are stored in the recording medium, CPU 2212 may search for an entry that matches a condition in which an attribute value of the first attribute is specified from among the multiple entries, read the attribute value of the second attribute stored in the entry, and thereby obtain the attribute value of the second attribute associated with the first attribute that satisfies a predetermined condition.

The above-described program or software module may be stored on a computer-readable medium on the computer 2200 or in the vicinity of the computer 2200. Also, a recording medium such as a hard disk or RAM provided in a server system connected to a dedicated communication network or the Internet can be used as a computer-readable medium, thereby providing the program to the computer 2200 via the network.

The present invention has been described above using an embodiment, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiment. It is clear to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made to the above embodiment. It is clear from the claims that forms with such modifications or improvements can also be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

The order of execution of each process, such as operations, procedures, steps, and stages, in the devices, systems, programs, and methods shown in the claims, specifications, and drawings is not specifically indicated as "before" or "prior to," and it should be noted that any order may be used unless the output of a previous process is used in a later process. Even if the operational flow in the claims, specifications, and drawings is explained using "first," "next," etc. for convenience, it does not mean that it is necessary to perform the process in this order. The expression "A and/or B" may mean "A, B, or A and C." The expression "A, B, and/or C" may mean "any one of A, B, and C, or any combination of two or more of these."

10 System 20 Production entity 30 Material 40 Product 110 Theoretical usage calculation section 120 Theoretical total calculation section 130 Resource usage ratio calculation section 140 Product-specific usage actual calculation section 150 Emission calculation section 160 Update section 210 Reception section 220 Required capital amount calculation section 1310 Product name input section 1312 Grade input section 1314 Order amount input section 1316 Order amount input bar 1318 Emission unit amount display section 1320 Emission amount display section 1340 Reduction rate input section 1342 Reduction rate input bar 1344 Reduction amount display section 1350 Product unit price display section 1352 Product reduction unit price display section 1354 Emission reduction unit price display section 1356 Total unit price section 1360 Total price section 2200 Computer 2201 DVD-ROM
2210 host controller 2212 CPU
2214 RAM
2216 Graphic controller 2218 Display device 2220 Input/output controller 2222 Communication interface 2224 Hard disk drive 2226 DVD-ROM drive 2230 ROM
2240 Input/output chip 2242 Keyboard 2500 Information processing system 2502 Blockchain network 2510a-c Terminal device 2520a-d Node device 2600 Transaction information acquisition unit 2608 Authentication unit 2610 Consensus formation processing unit 2612 Storage unit

Claims (21)

An emission estimation system for estimating greenhouse gas emissions for each product in a production entity that produces a plurality of products, comprising:
a resource usage rate calculation unit that calculates, for at least one product, a product-specific resource usage rate that is a rate of a theoretical resource usage amount for each product to a total theoretical resource that is a total of theoretical resource usage amounts for the multiple products;
a product-specific resource usage actual calculation unit that calculates a product-specific resource usage actual amount for the at least one product based on a total actual amount, which is a total amount of resources actually used by the production entity in the production of the multiple products, and the product-specific resource usage ratio;
an emission calculation unit that calculates the amount of greenhouse gas emissions caused by the production of the at least one product based on the actual resource usage amount by product and an emission coefficient related to the amount of greenhouse gas emissions by resource;
An emission estimation system comprising: a theoretical total calculation unit that totals theoretical resource usage of the plurality of products to calculate the theoretical total resource usage,
The emission estimation system according to claim 1 . a theoretical usage amount calculation unit that calculates the theoretical resource usage amount of the product based on a bill of materials indicating resources used in the production of the product and an actual production amount of the product,
The emission estimation system according to claim 1 . The resources related to the resource usage include materials and energy sources required to produce the product.
The emission estimation system according to claim 1 . The emission calculation unit is
Further calculating the amount of greenhouse gas emissions caused by the production of the plurality of products by the production entity based on the total performance and the emission coefficient;
The emission estimation system according to claim 1 . An update unit that updates the emission coefficient every time a predetermined period or a predetermined event occurs,
the emission amount calculation unit calculates the greenhouse effect substance emission amount for each of the predetermined periods or each time the predetermined event occurs;
The emission estimation system according to claim 1 . An update unit that updates the bill of materials at a predetermined time interval or whenever a predetermined event occurs,
the emission amount calculation unit calculates the greenhouse effect substance emission amount for each of the predetermined periods or each time the predetermined event occurs;
The emission estimation system according to claim 3 . An update unit that updates the actual production amount of the product and/or the total production amount every time a predetermined period or a predetermined event occurs.
The emission estimation system according to claim 1 . a receiving unit that receives an order for a product and an order for an increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions that occurs in association with the production of the ordered product;
a required capital amount calculation unit that calculates a required capital amount for the product after greenhouse gas emission allocation based on the difficulty of obtaining the product, the order amount of the product, the increase/decrease amount, and the difficulty of realization corresponding to the increase/decrease amount;
A capital amount calculation system comprising: the required capital amount calculation unit, in response to receiving an order for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, calculates an increased required capital amount based on the amount of reduction and the difficulty of realization corresponding to the amount of reduction;
The capital amount calculation system according to claim 9 . the required capital amount calculation unit, in response to receiving an order for an increase in greenhouse gas emissions, calculates a discounted required capital amount based on the amount of increase and the difficulty of realization corresponding to the amount of increase;
The capital amount calculation system according to claim 9 . The reception unit does not accept an order for a reduction in greenhouse gas emission amount that exceeds the greenhouse gas emission reduction limit.
The capital amount calculation system according to claim 9 . The reception unit is
Accepting orders from multiple buyers,
when the total of the increases and decreases in the greenhouse effect substance emissions of the plurality of purchasers exceeds the greenhouse effect substance emission reduction limit held, accepting orders by reducing the amount of reduction in the greenhouse effect substance emissions from the plurality of purchasers based on the ratio of the reduction limit held to the total of the increases and decreases;
The capital amount calculation system according to claim 9 . The difficulty of realization is set according to the amount of the increase or decrease.
The capital amount calculation system according to claim 9 . The difficulty of realization is set according to the greenhouse gas emission reduction limit and the amount of the increase or decrease.
The capital amount calculation system according to claim 9 . Of the ordered reduction amount, the difficulty of realizing the portion that exceeds the greenhouse gas emission reduction limit is set higher than the difficulty of realizing the portion that is within the limit.
The capital amount calculation system according to claim 10. Among the ordered reduction amounts, the difficulty of realizing a portion that exceeds a possible reduction amount, which is a reduction amount of the greenhouse effect substance emissions that can be realized by changing the manufacturing method of the product, is set higher than the difficulty of realizing a portion that is within the possible reduction amount.
The capital amount calculation system according to claim 10. The method is executed by a computer, causing the computer to:
The emission estimation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is operated as the emission estimation system.
program. The method is executed by a computer, causing the computer to:
A capital amount calculation system according to any one of claims 9 to 17,
program. The emission estimation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
a resource usage rate calculation step of calculating, for at least one product, a product-specific resource usage rate, which is a rate of a theoretical resource usage amount for each product to a total theoretical resource amount, which is a total of theoretical resource usage amounts for the plurality of products;
a product-specific resource usage actual calculation step of calculating a product-specific resource usage actual amount for the at least one product based on a total actual amount, which is a total amount of resources actually used by the production entity in the production of the plurality of products, and the product-specific resource usage ratio;
an emission calculation step of calculating an amount of greenhouse gas emissions caused by the production of the at least one product based on the actual resource usage amount by product and an emission coefficient related to the amount of greenhouse gas emissions by resource;
An emission estimation method to be performed. The capital amount calculation system according to any one of claims 9 to 17,
a receiving step of receiving an order for a product and an order for an increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions caused by the production of the ordered product;
A required capital amount calculation step of calculating a required resource amount of the product after the greenhouse effect material emission amount allocation based on the difficulty of obtaining the product, the order amount, the increase/decrease amount, and the difficulty of realizing the increase/decrease amount;
The method for calculating the amount of capital to be executed.

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