JP2023110118A - Rotary compressor and refrigeration cycle equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rotary compressor which has reduced suction heating by separating a discharge space whose temperature is the highest inside a compressor from a suction passage, and to provide a refrigeration cycle device.SOLUTION: A rotary compressor and a refrigeration cycle device include: a drive shaft 101 having an eccentric shaft 101a; a piston 102 fitted in the eccentric shaft; a cylinder 103 for storing the piston rotating eccentrically; an upper end plate 104 and a lower end plate 105 for closing upper and lower opening surfaces of the cylinder; a vane for partitioning a space formed by the cylinder, the piston, and upper and lower end plates into a suction chamber and a compression chamber; a discharge hole 121 provided at one of the upper end plate and the lower end plate, and opening in the compression chamber; and a suction hole 107a provided at the other of the upper end plate and the lower end plate where the discharge hole is not provided, and to which suction piping is connected which introduces a suction gas from the outside of the compressor to the suction chamber. Thereby, heating of a suction gas refrigerant is suppressed, and volumetric efficiency can be improved.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to a rotary compressor and a refrigeration cycle device using the rotary compressor, such as an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a blower, and a water heater.

Patent Literature 1 discloses a high-pressure dome-shaped compressor that suppresses a decrease in volumetric efficiency. In this high-pressure dome-shaped compressor, a small-diameter portion is provided in a cylindrical portion that introduces the suction gas refrigerant into the compression chamber of the cylinder, and a gas retention portion is formed between the cylinder and the suction passage leading to the compression chamber. The heat insulating action of the portion reduces the heating of the suction gas refrigerant passing through the suction passage by the cylinder, thereby suppressing a decrease in volumetric efficiency.

Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-000993

The present disclosure provides a rotary compressor and a refrigeration cycle device that reduce heating of suction gas by separating the hottest discharge space inside the compressor from the suction passage.

A rotary compressor and a refrigeration cycle device according to the present disclosure include a drive shaft having an eccentric shaft, a piston fitted to the eccentric shaft, a cylinder housing the eccentrically rotating piston, and an upper end plate closing upper and lower opening surfaces of the cylinder. and a lower end plate, a vane that divides a space formed by the cylinder, the piston, and the upper and lower end plates into a suction chamber and a compression chamber, and a discharge hole provided in either the upper end plate or the lower end plate and opening to the compression chamber. and a suction hole provided in the other upper end plate or lower end plate where no discharge hole is provided and connected to a suction pipe for introducing suction gas from the outside of the compressor into the suction chamber.

The rotary compressor and the refrigeration cycle device according to the present disclosure are provided with a suction hole in a part opposite to the part provided with the discharge hole with the cylinder sandwiched therebetween. Aisles can be kept away. Therefore, heating of the suction gas flowing through the suction passage can be suppressed, and the volumetric efficiency can be improved.

Longitudinal sectional view of the rotary compressor in Embodiment 1 Cross-sectional view of the compression mechanism portion according to Embodiment 1 Longitudinal sectional view of a rotary compressor according to Embodiment 2

(Knowledge, etc. on which this disclosure is based)
At the time when the inventors came up with the present disclosure, the rotary compressor was designed to suppress the decrease in volumetric efficiency caused by the heating of the suction gas refrigerant. A gas retention portion is formed between the cylinder that introduces the refrigerant and the suction passage of the cylinder to reduce the heating of the sucked gas refrigerant by the cylinder. is thin), the diameter of the intake passage formed in the cylinder is small. Therefore, there is a problem that the gap between the heat-insulating gas retention portion formed between the suction passage and the heat-insulating gas retention portion becomes very narrow, and a sufficient effect of suppressing the heating of the gas refrigerant cannot be obtained.

The inventors discovered such a problem and came to constitute the subject matter of the present disclosure in order to solve the problem.

Therefore, the present disclosure provides a rotary compressor that can more strongly suppress the heating of the suction gas refrigerant and improve the volumetric efficiency.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, more detailed description than necessary may be omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of well-known matters or redundant descriptions of substantially the same configurations may be omitted. This is to avoid the following description from becoming more redundant than necessary and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

It should be noted that the accompanying drawings and the following description are provided to allow those skilled in the art to fully understand the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the claimed subject matter thereby.

(Embodiment 1)
Embodiment 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.

[1-1. composition]
1 and 2, a rotary compressor 100 includes a drive shaft 101, a piston 102, a cylinder 103, an upper end plate (hereinafter referred to as an upper bearing) 104 which also functions as an upper bearing, and a lower bearing. A lower end plate (hereinafter referred to as a lower bearing) 105, a vane 106, a discharge hole 121, and a suction hole 107a.

The entire inside of the sealed container 108 is in a discharge pressure atmosphere communicating with the discharge pipe 109. The electric motor 110 is housed in the center and the compression mechanism 111 is housed in the lower part. Compression mechanism 111 is driven. The compression mechanism 111 has a cylinder 103, a piston 102, and a vane 106 sandwiched between an upper bearing 104 and a lower bearing 105. A space formed between the cylinder 103 and the piston 102 is partitioned by the vane 106 to form a suction chamber 112 and a suction chamber 112. A compression chamber 113 is formed to perform a compression operation.

An eccentric shaft 101a integrally formed with the drive shaft 101 is accommodated in the cylinder 103, and the piston 102 is rotatably mounted on the eccentric shaft 101a.

The upper bearing 104 is provided with a discharge hole 121 that communicates with the discharge space 117 via a check valve 122 .

The lower bearing 105 is provided with a suction passage 107 composed of a radial suction hole 107 a and an axial vertical hole 107 b and communicates with the suction chamber 112 .

A suction liner 114 is press-fitted into the suction hole 107a to separate the high-temperature, high-pressure discharge gas inside the sealed container 108 from the low-temperature, low-pressure suction gas inside the suction hole 107a.

An accumulator 115 is inserted into the suction liner 114 to prevent liquid compression of the compressor, and is connected to the rotary compressor 100 by brazing or welding together with an outer suction pipe 116 fixed to the closed container 108 . The sucked working fluid is gas-liquid separated.

That is, in this embodiment, the suction gas from the outside of the compressor is introduced into the suction chamber 112 through the suction pipe composed of the suction liner 114 in which the accumulator 115 is inserted and the suction outer pipe 116. Configure. The suction pipe may be composed of only the accumulator 115 and the suction outer pipe 116, and the accumulator 115 may be directly connected to the suction hole 107a.

Then, the X-axis and the Y-axis are defined as shown in FIG. is a fourth quadrant region D, the discharge space 117 is mainly located in the first quadrant region A and the fourth quadrant region D, and the intake passage 107 is mainly located in the second quadrant region B.

In addition, the rotary compressor 100 of the present embodiment uses, for example, a carbon dioxide refrigerant as a working fluid.

[1-2. motion]
The operation of the rotary compressor 100 configured as described above will be described below.

[1-2-1. compression operation]
The compression operation of the rotary compressor 100 will be described based on FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.

In FIG. 2, the discharge hole 121 of the upper bearing 104 and the suction passage 107 of the lower bearing 105 are indicated by two-dot chain lines. Discharge hole 121 is located on the right side of vane 106 and communicates with compression chamber 113 . The suction passage 107 is located on the left side of the vane 106 and communicates with the suction chamber 112 .

When the electric motor 110 is energized and the drive shaft 101 rotates, the eccentric shaft 101a rotates eccentrically in the cylinder 103, and the piston 102 rotates while contacting the vane 106, thereby repeating suction and compression of the working fluid. .

Low-temperature, low-pressure suction gas drawn into the suction chamber 112 through the accumulator 115 , the suction liner 114 , and the suction passage 107 is compressed by the compression mechanism 111 . The compressed high-temperature and high-pressure discharge gas is discharged from the discharge hole 121 through the check valve 122 into the discharge space 117, and then passes through a small hole provided in the muffler 118 (see FIG. 1) to the compression mechanism 111 and the electric motor. Motor lower space 119 between motor 110 and motor upper space 120 through respective gaps of electric motor 110 , and discharged from rotary compressor 100 through discharge pipe 109 .

[1-2-2. Refueling operation]
Oil is stored in the lower portion of the sealed container 108, and the compression mechanism section 111 is normally immersed in the oil. An oil passage (not shown) is provided axially inside the drive shaft 101, and oil sucked up from the lower end passes through an oil supply hole (not shown) provided in the eccentric shaft 101a. After reaching the inner peripheral portion of the piston 102 while lubricating the sliding portion, one lubricates the journal bearing sliding portions of the upper bearing 104 and the lower bearing 105 and is discharged outside the compression mechanism portion 111, and the other is It is supplied to the suction chamber 112 and the compression chamber 113 while lubricating the sliding portions between the upper and lower end surfaces of the piston 102 and the upper and lower bearings 104 and 105 .

Also, the oil supplied from the rear surface of the vane 106 is supplied to the suction chamber 112 and the compression chamber 113 after lubricating the sliding portion of the vane 106 . After the oil inside the suction chamber 112 and the compression chamber 113 is discharged from the discharge hole 121 together with the gas, most of it is separated from the discharge gas until it reaches the discharge pipe 109 along with the gas flow described above. The liquid droplets are formed and returned to the bottom of the sealed container 108 by gravity.

[1-3. effects, etc.]
As described above, in the present embodiment, rotary compressor 100 includes drive shaft 101, piston 102, cylinder 103, upper bearing 104, lower bearing 105, vane 106, discharge hole 121, suction and a hole 107a. The drive shaft 101 has an eccentric shaft 101a. The piston 102 is fitted on the eccentric shaft 101a. The cylinder 103 accommodates the eccentrically rotating piston 102 . An upper bearing 104 and a lower bearing 105 block the upper and lower opening surfaces of the cylinder 103 . Vane 106 divides a space formed by cylinder 103 , piston 102 , upper bearing 104 and lower bearing 105 into suction chamber 112 and compression chamber 113 . A discharge hole 121 is provided in the upper bearing 104 and opens into the compression chamber 113 . The suction hole 107a is provided not in the cylinder 103 but in the lower bearing 105 which is not provided with the discharge hole 121, and is connected to the suction liner 114 and the accumulator 115 for introducing the suction gas from the outside of the rotary compressor 100 into the suction chamber 112. be done.

In this way, the suction hole 107a is provided in the lower bearing 105 on the side opposite to the upper bearing 104 provided with the discharge hole 121 with the cylinder 103 interposed therebetween, so that the suction passage 107 receives the hottest discharge in the discharge space 117. By limiting the discharge space 117 to the first quadrant region A and the fourth quadrant region D, the intake passage 107 can be moved horizontally from the discharge space 117. can be moved further away. Therefore, heating of the suction gas flowing through the suction passage 107 can be suppressed, and the volumetric efficiency can be improved.

Moreover, since the rotary compressor 100 uses carbon dioxide as the working fluid as in the present embodiment, the following effects are also obtained.

That is, the carbon dioxide refrigerant has a large pressure difference between the suction chamber 112 and the compression chamber 113 as compared with other refrigerants such as HFC refrigerant, HC refrigerant, and HFO refrigerant. Leakage loss at the compressor has a large effect on the efficiency of the compressor. Therefore, in order to reduce leakage loss and improve efficiency, the height H of the cylinder 103 must be set extremely low, and the suction hole 107a having a sufficient flow passage cross-sectional area must be secured in the cylinder 103. difficult. In such a case, in the configuration of the rotary compressor 100 of the present disclosure, since the suction hole 107a is provided in the lower bearing 105 instead of the cylinder 103, even if the height H of the cylinder 103 is set extremely low, , the suction hole 107a having a sufficient flow passage cross-sectional area can be formed regardless of the height H of the cylinder 103, and the efficiency can be improved.

Further, in the rotary compressor 100 of the present embodiment, the ratio Vs/H of the confined volume Vs per cylinder 103 to the height H of the cylinder 103 is set to be in the range of 0.3 to 1.2. ing.

Thereby, the height H of the cylinder 103 can be set lower than the general height H of the cylinder 103 with respect to the confined volume Vs. Therefore, the leakage loss at the sealing portion between the piston 102 and the cylinder 103 can be effectively reduced.

It should be noted that Vs/H is more preferably in the range of 0.3 to 0.8.

As a result, it is possible to avoid an increase in heat loss caused by an increase in the surface areas of the suction chamber 112 and the compression chamber 113 due to an excessively large Vs/H. Therefore, compressor efficiency can be maximized.

Moreover, the rotary compressor 100 of the present embodiment is used in a refrigeration cycle apparatus.

As a result, it is possible to reduce received heat loss and achieve high volumetric efficiency, so that the rotary compressor 100 can maintain high efficiency even under operating conditions such as a high compression ratio where the discharge temperature is high. System efficiency can be improved over a wide operating range.

In particular, when the rotary compressor 100 of the present embodiment is used in a heat pump water heater, the effect of the configuration of the present disclosure can be fully utilized, and the system efficiency of the heat pump water heater can be improved.

That is, in the heat pump water heater, the temperature of the discharge gas is higher than that of other refrigeration cycle devices, and the temperature of the upper bearing 104 exposed to the high temperature discharge gas is also high. Volumetric efficiency is greatly affected by heat reception. However, if the intake passage 107 is arranged away from the upper bearing 104 as in the configuration of the present disclosure, the intake gas is less likely to be heated, and the volumetric efficiency can be effectively improved.

(Embodiment 2)
Embodiment 2 will be described below with reference to FIG.

[2-1. composition]
The rotary compressor 200 according to the second embodiment is composed of two cylinders, an upper cylinder 2031 and a lower cylinder 2032, and a partition plate 223 is provided between them. It is different from the rotary compressor 100 that is used.

An upper cylinder 2031, an upper piston 2021, and an upper vane (not shown) are sandwiched between an upper bearing 204 and a partition plate 223. A space formed between the upper and lower cylinders 2031 and 2032 and the upper and lower pistons 2021 and 2022 is partitioned by upper and lower vanes to form an upper suction chamber 2121 (not shown), a lower suction chamber 2122 and an upper compression chamber 2131, A lower compression chamber 2132 (not shown) is formed so that each compression element performs a compression operation.

The partition plate 223 is provided with a suction passage 207 composed of a radial suction hole 207 a , an upper vertical hole 207 b communicating with the upper suction chamber 2121 , and a lower vertical hole 207 c communicating with the lower suction chamber 2122 .

The enclosed volume of the rotary compressor 200 is equivalent to that of the rotary compressor 100 according to the first embodiment, but the heights Hu and Hl of the cylinders 2031 and 2032 are different from those of the two cylinders 2031 and 2032. is lower than the height H of the cylinder 103 of the rotary compressor 100 according to the first form.

[2-2. motion]
The operation of the rotary compressor 200 configured as described above will be described below.

[2-2-1. inhalation motion]
The suction gas separated into gas and liquid by the accumulator 215 is distributed vertically through the suction passage 207 and sucked into the upper and lower suction chambers 2121 and 2122 .

[2-2-2. compression operation]
The compression operation of each compression element of the two-cylinder rotary compressor 200 is the same as that of the one-cylinder rotary compressor 100 according to the first embodiment. However, the upper and lower compression chambers 2131 and 2132 perform compression in opposite phases.

The lower discharge gas compressed by the lower cylinder 2032 is discharged into a lower discharge space 2172 provided in the lower bearing 205 and then flows through a communication passage (not shown) to an upper discharge space 2171 provided in the upper bearing 204. , joins the upper discharge gas compressed by the upper cylinder 2031 . The subsequent flow of discharged gas is the same as in the rotary compressor 100 according to the first embodiment.

[2-3. effects, etc.]
As described above, in the present embodiment, rotary compressor 200 includes drive shaft 201, upper piston 2021, lower piston 2022, upper cylinder 2031, lower cylinder 2032, upper bearing 204, and lower bearing 205. , upper and lower vanes, an upper discharge hole 2211 , a lower discharge hole 2212 , a suction hole 207 a and a partition plate 223 . The upper and lower compression elements are configured axially. A partition plate 223 is provided between the upper and lower compression elements. The upper bearing 204 and the lower bearing 205 support the drive shaft 201 . The suction hole 207 a is provided in the partition plate 223 .

Thereby, the suction passage 207 can be kept away from the upper and lower discharge spaces 2171 and 2172 . Therefore, heating of the suction gas flowing through the suction passage 207 can be suppressed, and the volumetric efficiency can be improved.

Further, the rotary compressor 100 according to the first embodiment, that is, the accumulator 115 of the rotary compressor 100 configured with one cylinder 103 can be used as it is. Therefore, compared to a two-cylinder type rotary compressor using a general accumulator configured with two pipes, the number of parts and assembly man-hours can be reduced, and a low-cost accumulator 215 and rotary compressor 200 are realized. can do.

(Other embodiments)
As described above, Embodiments 1 and 2 have been described as examples of the technology disclosed in the present application. However, the technology in the present disclosure is not limited to this, and can also be applied to embodiments with modifications, replacements, additions, omissions, and the like. Also, it is possible to combine the constituent elements described in the first and second embodiments to form a new embodiment.

Therefore, other embodiments will be exemplified below.

In the first and second embodiments, the one-cylinder rotary compressor 100 and the two-cylinder rotary compressor 200 are described as examples of the rotary compressor. The rotary compressor should just compress gas. Therefore, the rotary compressor is not limited to the one-cylinder rotary compressor 100 or the two-cylinder rotary compressor 200 . However, if the one-cylinder rotary compressor 100 or the two-cylinder rotary compressor 200 is used, there is an advantage that the cost, efficiency, and reliability can be balanced and mass production is easy. Moreover, you may use a two-stage compressor as a rotary compressor. If a two-stage compressor is used as the rotary compressor, the difference between high and low pressures can be reduced even under operating conditions with a high pressure ratio, so high efficiency can be achieved with little leakage loss.

Also, as a rotary compressor, one cylinder may be provided with a plurality of vanes and compression chambers. By using this, it is possible to reduce torque fluctuations by performing compression operations similar to those of the two-cylinder type in the configuration of the rotary compressor 100 with approximately one cylinder, or to reduce the high and low pressure difference by adopting a two-stage compression configuration. Therefore, it is possible to realize a rotary compressor capable of low vibration or high pressure ratio operation with a small number of parts.

Moreover, in Embodiment 1, carbon dioxide was explained as an example of the working fluid. The working fluid may be any compressible fluid. Therefore, the working fluid is not limited to carbon dioxide. However, if this is used, the pressure difference between the suction chamber 112 and the compression chamber 113 is large compared to other refrigerants such as HFC refrigerants, HC refrigerants, and HFO refrigerants. The leakage loss at the seal portion with the cylinder 103 has a greater influence on the efficiency of the compressor. As a result, in order to reduce the leakage loss and improve the efficiency, the height H of the cylinder 103 must be set extremely low, and the cylinder 103 must have a suction hole 107a having a sufficient flow passage cross-sectional area. However, in the configuration of the present disclosure, since the intake passage 107 is provided in either the upper bearing 104 or the lower bearing 105, the height H of the cylinder 103 can be increased to solve the above-described problems. , is effective for high efficiency. Further, if a mixed refrigerant of carbon dioxide and other refrigerants such as HFC refrigerant, HC refrigerant, and HFO refrigerant is used as the working fluid, the temperature glide between the condenser inlet and outlet of the refrigeration cycle can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser, which is effective.

Note that the above-described embodiment is for illustrating the technology in the present disclosure, and various changes, replacements, additions, omissions, etc. can be made within the scope of the claims or equivalents thereof.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present disclosure is applicable to rotary compressors and refrigeration cycle devices in which suction gas flowing through the suction passage is heated. Specifically, the present disclosure is applicable to air conditioners, refrigerators, blowers, water heaters, and the like.

100 rotary compressor 101, 201 drive shaft 101a eccentric shaft 102 piston 103, 203 cylinder 104, 204 upper end plate (upper bearing)
105, 205 Lower end plate (lower bearing)
106 vane 107 suction passage 107a suction hole 107b vertical hole 108 airtight container 109 discharge pipe 110 electric motor 110a rotor 110b stator 111 compression mechanism 112 suction chamber 113 compression chamber 114 suction liner (suction pipe)
115 Accumulator (suction pipe)
116 suction outer pipe (suction pipe)
117 discharge space 118 muffler 119 motor lower space 120 electric motor upper space 121 discharge hole 122 check valve 200 rotary compressor 2021 upper piston 2022 lower piston 2031 upper cylinder 2032 lower cylinder 207 suction passage 207a suction hole 207b upper vertical hole 207c lower vertical hole 2121 upper Suction chamber 2122 Lower suction chamber 2131 Upper compression chamber 2132 Lower compression chamber 215 Accumulator 2171 Upper discharge space 2172 Lower discharge space 2211 Upper discharge hole 2212 Lower discharge hole 223 Partition plate

Claims (7)

a drive shaft having an eccentric shaft;
a piston fitted to the eccentric shaft;
a cylinder housing the piston that rotates eccentrically;
an upper end plate and a lower end plate that close the upper and lower opening surfaces of the cylinder;
a vane that divides a space formed by the cylinder, the piston, and the upper and lower end plates into a suction chamber and a compression chamber;
a discharge hole provided in either the upper end plate or the lower end plate and opening into the compression chamber;
a suction hole provided in the other upper end plate or the lower end plate where the discharge hole is not provided and connected to a suction pipe for introducing suction gas from the outside of the compressor into the suction chamber;
A rotary compressor with a It is a 1-cylinder type comprising one piston and one cylinder,
an upper bearing functioning as the upper end plate and provided with the discharge hole;
a lower bearing functioning as the lower end plate and provided with the suction hole;
The rotary compressor according to claim 1. A plurality of compression elements configured by the cylinder, the piston and the vane are provided in the axial direction,
A partition plate is provided between the plurality of compression elements,
The upper and lower bearings that support the drive shaft in the vertical direction and the partition plate are configured as the upper and lower end plates,
the discharge hole in each of the upper bearing and the lower bearing;
The partition plate is provided with the suction hole,
The rotary compressor according to claim 1. using carbon dioxide as the working fluid,
The rotary compressor according to any one of claims 1-3. A ratio Vs/H between the confined volume Vs per cylinder and the height H of the cylinder is in the range of 0.3 to 1.2.
The rotary compressor according to any one of claims 1-4. A refrigeration cycle apparatus comprising the rotary compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5. It is a heat pump water heater,
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 6.