JP2021119275A - Pressure difference suppressing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pressure difference suppressing device which has a simple structure but can easily open and close a door during both normal operation and flooding.
A pressure difference suppressing device (1) includes a first flap portion (3) that is openably and closably attached to an opening (2) provided so as to penetrate a partition wall (14) that partitions a first space (10) and a second space (20). A second flap portion 5 that is openably and closably attached to a flap opening 4 provided so as to penetrate the first flap portion is provided, and the first flap portion is an opening of the opening on the first space side of the partition wall. One end is rotatably supported on the peripheral edge, and when pressure is applied, the other end is opened so that the fluid can flow into the first space side. It is characterized in that it is configured to allow the inflow and outflow of the fluid at all times through the flap opening.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a pressure difference suppressing device capable of preventing a door from being opened due to a pressure difference between the inside and outside of a partition wall that separates spaces.

When a road is flooded by heavy rain or a typhoon and the vehicle is flooded, water pressure is applied due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle, and the door cannot be opened and the vehicle is often trapped. In addition, not only vehicles but also doors installed in buildings are flooded on the floor. For example, if one area of a door exceeds a depth of 30 cm, water pressure is easily applied due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside. There is a problem that the door cannot be opened. Furthermore, not only the pressure difference due to the water pressure that occurs at the time of flooding, but also the doors provided in highly airtight vehicles and buildings may be difficult to open and close due to the pressure difference due to the atmospheric pressure.
Therefore, as a measure for alleviating the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the door, the devices described in the following Patent Document 1 and the following Patent Document 2 can be mentioned.

In Patent Document 1, a headrace for introducing water into the vehicle body is formed in a part of the vehicle body, an on-off valve is attached to this headrace, and the on-off valve opens and closes when the water pressure sensor detects that a certain amount of water pressure is applied. A configuration in which the valve is opened and water is introduced into the vehicle is disclosed.
Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a structure in which an opening that normally communicates with the inside and outside of a vehicle is closed with a closing member, and the closing member is removed when the vehicle is flooded.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-20581 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-301384

However, the one described in Patent Document 1 has a configuration in which the on-off valve is automatically controlled based on the detection result of the water pressure sensor, which is costly and may cause the electric system to stop operating due to flooding. Further, a structure in which the closing member is removed when the vehicle is flooded, as described in Patent Document 2, becomes useless in an emergency unless the function of the closing member is known. Even if you know the function of the closing member, you may panic in an emergency and you may not be able to remove the closing member.
Further, the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 and the above-mentioned Patent Document 2 are assumed only when the vehicle is submerged, and no measures are taken for the atmospheric pressure difference in the normal state.

In order to solve such a problem, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pressure difference suppressing device which has a simple structure but can easily open and close the door during both normal operation and flooding.

In order to achieve the above object, the pressure difference suppressing device of the present invention includes a first flap portion that is openably and closably attached to an opening provided through a partition wall that partitions the first space and the second space. A second flap portion that is openably and closably attached to a flap opening provided so as to penetrate the first flap portion is provided, and the first flap portion is a peripheral edge of the opening on the first space side of the partition wall. One end is rotatably supported by the portion, and when pressure is applied, the other end is opened so that the fluid can flow into the first space side. It is characterized in that it is configured to allow the inflow and outflow of the fluid at all times through the flap opening.

Since the pressure difference suppressing device of the present invention has the above-described configuration, the door can be easily opened and closed during normal times and flooding, and the door cannot be opened due to the pressure difference, although it has a simple structure.

(A) is a perspective view schematically showing a pressure difference suppressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (b) is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a component member of the pressure difference suppressing device. (A) is a front view showing a state of being provided in the door device as an application example of the pressure difference suppressing device according to the same embodiment, and (b) is a partially enlarged view of the rear view thereof. It is a figure for demonstrating the pressure difference suppressing apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment, (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of a normal time, (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of flooding. It is a figure for demonstrating the modification of the pressure difference suppressing apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment, (a) is a schematic exploded plan view which shows the example which the mounting position of a fixing member is different, (b) is a pressure difference suppressing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the example applied to a vehicle.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The pressure difference suppressing device 1 in the present embodiment includes a first flap portion 3 that is openably and closably attached to an opening 2 provided so as to penetrate a partition wall 14 that partitions the first space 10 and the second space 20. It is provided with a second flap portion 5 that is openably and closably attached to a flap opening 4 provided so as to penetrate the first flap portion 3.
One end 3a of the first flap portion 3 is rotatably supported on the peripheral edge of the opening 2 on the first space 10 side of the partition wall 14, and when pressure is applied, the fluid body to the first space 10 side is pivotally supported. The other end 3b is open so as to allow inflow.
The second flap portion 5 is configured to allow the inflow and outflow of the fluid at all times through the flap opening 4.
The details will be described below.

First, an example in which the pressure difference suppressing device 1 is provided in the door device 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Therefore, in this embodiment, the partition wall 14 that partitions the first space 10 and the second space 20 is the door panel 14.
As shown in FIG. 3, the door device 100 is provided at the doorway 12 provided so as to penetrate the wall body 11 provided for partitioning the inside of the building and forming a room, and is configured to be openable and closable. The door device 100 includes a door frame 13, a door panel 14, and a handle 15. The door frame 13 is configured to surround four circumferences on both the upper and lower sides of the doorway 12 and both sides in the opening width direction, and has an upper frame 13a, a door tip side vertical frame 13b, and a hanging source side vertical frame 13c. The configuration of the door frame 13 is not particularly limited, but for example, it may be made of a wood-based material, a metal material, or the like, and a lower frame (slide) for partitioning the lower side of the doorway 8 may be provided. A rotary connecting member 16 for rotatably connecting the door panel 14 is fixed to the hanging source side vertical frame 13c, and the door panel 14 is attached to each of the upper end side portion and the lower end side portion of the hanging source side vertical frame 13c. The rotary connecting members 16 and 16 are fixed.

The door panel 14 has a substantially rectangular flat plate shape that is long in the vertical direction. The door height dimension of the door panel 14 is set according to the opening height of the doorway 12 that is opened and closed. The door panel 14 is made of a wood-based material, a metal material, or the like, and the material is not limited as long as it is provided with the opening 2 described later.
An opening 2 is provided so as to penetrate about 30 cm on the floor 17 of the door panel 14, and a pressure difference provided with a first flap portion 3 and a second flap portion 5 so as to close the opening 2. A suppression device 1 is provided. As shown in FIG. 1, the shape of the opening 2 provided in the door panel 14 is not limited to a square shape, and may be a circular shape, a triangular shape, or the like. In short, the opening 2 is covered by the pressure difference suppressing device 1. I just need to be blocked. The opening 2 penetrates the front and back surfaces of the door panel 14 to form a flow path 6 through which a fluid having a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the door panel 14 flows in and out (see FIGS. 3A and 3B). Further, as for the forming position of the opening 2, it is desirable that the position of the upper end of the opening 2 is 20 cm to 40 cm above the floor 17 as shown by the dimension d in FIG. 2 (a). When the formation position of the opening 2 is 20 cm or less, it is said that an adult with a general body shape can open the door panel 14 by himself even if a pressure difference occurs due to flooding on the floor, so that the pressure difference is suppressed. There is a tendency that the need for the device 1 is scarce. On the other hand, if the formation position of the opening 2 is 40 cm or more, even if the pressure difference suppressing device 1 is provided, the pressure difference suppressing effect tends to be weakened, and it is expected that it will be difficult to open the door panel 14 by itself. Will be done.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the pressure difference suppressing device 1 includes a first flap portion 3, a second flap portion 5, and a hinge portion 30. The first flap portion 3 of the example is formed of a substantially rectangular frame-shaped body, and is formed to be slightly larger than the opening 2 so as to close the opening 2 in accordance with the substantially rectangular opening 2. Specifically, the first flap portion 3 is formed to be about 5 mm to 20 mm larger than the opening 2 (see FIG. 2B). The first flap portion 3 is made of a wood-based material, a metal material, a resin material, or the like, and if the opening 2 can be closed, even if it is a paper material such as a corrugated cardboard material that has been waterproofed or antifouled. good. One end 3a of the first flap portion 3 (upper end portion in the figure) is openable and closable by a hinge portion 30 provided above the opening 2, whereby the other end 3b of the first flap portion 3 (in the figure). Is the lower end) is a free open end. The first flap portion 3 needs to be configured to be opened when it receives pressure from the fluid. Therefore, the first flap portion 3 may be a spring-type so-called spring hinge that normally springs in the second space 20 direction so as to close the peripheral edge portion of the opening 2 as a fixing member. In this case, the first flap portion 3 can be set in a state in which the opening 2 is closed in a normal state.

The first flap portion 3 includes a flap opening 4 provided so as to penetrate the central portion thereof. The flap opening 4 functions as an outflow / outflow port for receiving inflow / outflow of water / air in order to suppress / alleviate the pressure difference between the first space 10 and the second space 20 when inundation on the floor occurs. The shape may be a square shape, a circular shape, or a polygonal shape as shown in the figure.

The second flap portion 5 is provided so as to close the flap opening 4, and is configured to allow air inflow and outflow at all times. The second flap portion 5 in the example has a substantially rectangular shape, is smaller than the first flap portion 3, and is slightly larger than the flap opening 4 so as to close the flap opening 4 according to the shape and size of the flap opening 4. It is formed large. Specifically, the second flap portion 5 is formed to be about 5 mm to 20 mm larger than the flap opening 4 (see FIG. 2B). The second flap portion 5 is made of a wood-based material, a metal material, a resin material, or the like, and may be a paper material such as a corrugated cardboard material or a thin film-like material as long as the flap opening 4 can be closed. It may be. Further, in the second flap portion 5, one end 50 (see FIG. 2B and FIG. 3A, the upper end portion in the example) is fixed as in the case of the first flap portion 3, and the other end 51 is free open. It is considered to be the end. One end 50 of the second flap portion 5 is fixed to the first flap portion 3, and the fixing method is not particularly limited, and the second flap portion 5 may be adhered with an adhesive or with a hinge like the first flap portion 3. It may be fixed.

Next, the pressure difference suppressing device 1 will be further described with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b).
FIG. 3A shows a normal mounting state. As shown here, the first flap portion 3 closes the opening 2 of the door panel 14, and the second flap portion 5 is in an open state on the other end 51 side, so that air can always flow in and out. There is.
According to this, when air is forcibly exhausted to the outside by an indoor ventilation device or the like in a highly airtight room, the air flows in from the flap opening 4 even if the room becomes in a negative pressure state. , The door panel 14 can be easily opened.

FIG. 3B shows an emergency state in which water is flooded on the floor. As shown here, when the pressure difference suppressing device 1 starts flooding on the floor from the second space 20 side and reaches the amount of water exceeding the opening position of the opening 2, the second flap portion 5 and the first flap portion are affected by the water pressure. 3 is pressed, and the other ends 51 and 3b of the second flap portion 5 and the first flap portion 3 are opened. Therefore, since the inflow of water from the second space 20 side to the first space 10 side can be tolerated, the pressure difference between the first space 10 side and the second space 20 side disappears, and even if water inundation occurs on the floor, the door panel 14 can be opened. Can be opened. Further, since the pressure difference suppressing device 1 according to the present embodiment is not configured to be driven by an electrically connected sensor or to perform some operation on the user side, the concern about electrical failure and the operation procedure can be grasped. You don't have to. Further, the pressure difference suppressing device 1 according to the present embodiment does not have a unidirectional air bleeding function, and although it has a simple structure, it can circulate fluids such as air and water in both directions.

Since the pressure difference suppressing action does not work after the first flap portion 3 is completely flooded to the installation position, it is necessary to open the door panel 14 before the first flap portion 3 is completely flooded to the installation position. .. In that sense as well, the installation position of the first flap portion 3 can be used as a guideline for the dangerous water level, to which position of the pressure difference suppressing device 1 may be trapped. Further, in the above description, the case where the inundation starts from the second space 20 side has been described, but even when the inundation starts from the first space 10 side, the other end 51 of the second flap portion 5 is opened by the water pressure, and the other end 51 of the second flap portion 5 is opened through the flap opening 4. Water can flow into the second space 20 from the first space 10 side. Therefore, the pressure difference between the first space 10 side and the second space 20 side is eliminated, and the door panel 14 can be opened even if the floor is flooded from the first space 10 side. At this time, the door panel 14 can be opened regardless of whether it is opened inward or outward.

Next, a modified example of the pressure difference suppressing device will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).
FIG. 4A shows an example in which a hinge portion 30 for fixing the first flap portion 3 is provided at a lateral end portion. 1 to 3 show an example in which the short side of the rectangular first flap portion 3 is the upper end portion and the hinge portion 30 serving as a fixing member is attached to the upper end portion, but the first is not limited to this. The short side of the flap portion 3 may be a side end portion, and the hinge portion 30 serving as a fixing member may be attached to the left end portion. At this time, the second flap portion 5 may fix the left end portion to the first flap portion 3 in the same manner as the first flap portion 3. That is, any portion may be fixed as long as the second flap portion 5 is fixed so as to cover the flap opening 4 and is configured to allow the inflow and outflow of the fluid at all times through the flap opening 4.

FIG. 4B shows an example in which the pressure difference suppressing device 1 is applied to the body of the vehicle 40.
When roads are flooded by sudden heavy rains or typhoons and vehicles are flooded, water pressure is also applied to the doors, and there are many accidents in which the doors cannot be opened and are trapped. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, if the pressure difference suppressing device 1 is provided near the dashboard of the vehicle 40 or near the feet when getting on the vehicle 40, the door is self-operated after the vehicle 40 is flooded. It is possible to secure a longer opening time than when the pressure difference suppressing device 1 is not installed. In addition, when the vehicle 40 begins to be flooded, it should escape to the outside of the vehicle at an early stage, but when the vehicle actually experiences flooding, there is a sense of security in the closed space inside the vehicle, so the timing of trying to escape to the outside of the vehicle is delayed. It has been pointed out. If the pressure difference suppressing device 1 is provided at a position as shown in FIG. 4 (b), water will infiltrate into the vehicle 40 at a relatively early stage when the inundation of the vehicle 40 begins, so the psychology of accelerating the escape timing. It also has the effect of making it easier to work.

As described above, the configuration of the pressure difference suppressing device 1 is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, when the pressure difference suppressing device 1 is provided indoors, it may be attached to a wall surface near the door device 100, or may be provided on the entrance door. Further, the mounting position of the pressure difference suppressing device 1 is not limited to the positions shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 4 (b), and may be configured to be an entrance / exit for dogs, cats, etc. in normal times. However, care must be taken not to be a breakthrough for theft or trespassing. Further, although the description here assumes air and water as the fluid, it also includes, for example, earth and sand flowing from the second space 20 side.
Further, a rubber packing or the like may be arranged on the peripheral edge of the first flap portion 3 to alleviate the contact with the door panel 14 (partition wall 14) when the first flap portion 3 is opened and closed.
Further, when applied to the vehicle 40, the vehicle having a pressure relief valve when the door is closed may be provided with the pressure difference suppressing device 1 in place of the valve.

1 Pressure difference suppression device 2 Opening 3 1st flap 30 Hinge 4 Flap opening 5 2nd flap 10 1st space 20 2nd space 14 Partition wall, door panel

Claims (4)

A first flap portion that can be opened and closed through an opening provided through a partition wall that separates the first space and the second space, and a first flap portion.
It is provided with a second flap portion that can be opened and closed in a flap opening provided so as to penetrate the first flap portion.
One end of the first flap portion is rotatably supported on the peripheral edge of the opening on the first space side of the partition wall, and when pressure is applied, the fluid flows into the first space side. The other end is open to allow
The second flap portion is a pressure difference suppressing device characterized in that it is configured to allow the inflow and outflow of a fluid at all times through the flap opening. In claim 1,
A pressure difference suppressing device characterized in that the other end of the first flap portion is opened when a pressure is received. In claim 1 or 2,
The pressure difference suppressing device is characterized in that the first flap portion is spring-loaded in the second spatial direction so as to close the peripheral edge portion of the opening. In any one of claims 1 to 3,
A pressure difference suppressing device characterized in that the partition wall is a hinged door or a vehicle body.

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