JP2021113039A - Door hinge structure for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a door hinge structure for a vehicle with a simple structure, which can increase impact resistance in the event of a vehicle collision without sacrificing material yield, weight, and cost.SOLUTION: A body-side hinge element 20 is made of high-strength sheet metal with an increase plate thickness and is formed in a simple L-shape of two pieces including a body mounting part 21 to be attached to a body and a shaft support part 22 for supporting a hinge pin 30. A door-side hinge element 10 is also formed in an L-shape of two pieces including a door mounting part 11 to be mounted on a door side and a shaft support part 12 for supporting the hinge pin. It is desirable that the door-side hinge element 10 is also made of sheet metal. One or two door-side hinge elements 10 are arranged to face one or both surfaces of the shaft support part 22 of the body-side hinge element 20, and the hinge pin 30 penetrates therethrough to connect the two elements in a relative rotatable manner. One of body mounting bolts 35 of the body-side hinge element 20 is arranged directly below or near the hinge center of the hinge pin 30.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a compact door hinge structure for a vehicle, which has a compact and simple structure but enhances the impact strength at the time of a vehicle collision.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a general vehicle door hinge structure known in the prior art. In the figure, the door hinge structure 50 includes a female 51 which is a hinge element fixed to the pillar side of a vehicle body (not shown), a mail 52 which is a hinge element fixed to the door body D side, and both elements 51 and 52. As shown by the alternate long and short dash line, it is composed of a hinge pin 53 that is rotatably connected. In the illustrated example, a pair of bearing members fitted in through holes provided in both metal fittings 51 and 52 for the purpose of reducing sliding resistance when opening and closing the door and preventing generation of abnormal noise, through which the hinge pin 53 penetrates. A bush 54 is used. Normally, a pair of such door hinges 50 are coaxially arranged with respect to one door body D.

The door hinge 50 rotatably supports the door body D with respect to a pillar (or vehicle body) that serves as a fixing portion on the vehicle side, and as an important function, the door body withstands the impact load in the event of a vehicle collision. There is a demand for a function of firmly holding D on the pillar side, reliably and promptly transmitting the impact load applied to the vehicle body from the vehicle body to the door body D, and minimizing damage to the vehicle body. In general, door hinges for vehicles are designated as important safety parts, and due to the recent increase in safety awareness, higher strength against deformation and breakage is required. In the present specification, the forward direction of the vehicle means the front, the opposite means the rear, the left-right direction means the left-right direction with respect to the forward direction, and the up-down direction means the up-down direction of the vehicle. Normally, the door of the vehicle opens rearward for safety reasons, so FIG. 6 shows the state of the vehicle viewed from the front diagonally. Even if it is, it can be applied in the same manner.

When the stress analysis assuming the collision of the door hinge 50 by the conventional technique shown in FIG. 6 is performed, it can be seen that the strength on the female 51 side is relatively insufficient. Above all, a remarkable stress concentration appears in the vicinity of the flange portion 51a and the rear bolt mounting portion 51b in the figure, and it is confirmed by the experiment that the flange portion 51b buckles and the rear portion of the bolt mounting portion 51b is deformed. This requires a predetermined amount of "hinge center height", which is the distance from the bolt mounting portion 51b of the female 51 to the center of the hinge pin 53, as a structurally unavoidable element, and the impact from the female 51 is the first in the mail 52. The reaction applied to the hinge pin 53 when transmitted to the hinge pin 53 becomes the arm length corresponding to the height of the hinge center and acts from the rear of the female 51 like a lever, whereby the female 51 is set with the bolt mounting portion 51b as a fulcrum. The factor is that the force that deforms it so that it is turned up from the back of the figure is applied. Since such a situation at the time of a collision can be a fatal situation in terms of safety such as opening or dropping the door, it is required to strengthen the door hinge 50, particularly to strengthen the weak points of these deformed parts.

However, due to processing restrictions and layout restrictions for door mounting, it is extremely difficult to further reduce the height of the hinge center or bring the bolt closer to the hinge center from the current situation. In the illustrated female 51, not only the U-shaped bending process but also the drawing process that rises between the pair of hinge pin support portions from the rear of the bolt mounting portion 51b is added to increase the rigidity. As one of the further countermeasures, it is conceivable to increase the thickness of both metal fittings, particularly the female 51, but this measure is not preferable because it leads to an increase in weight. As another countermeasure, a countermeasure using a high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet such as SPFH590, which is said to have excellent strength and ductility, has been implemented, but the sticky high-strength steel sheet has restrictions on press working. Due to this, it is not possible to further increase the plate thickness.

In the conventional technology, in addition to this, for the purpose of structurally increasing the strength of the female, a part called a reaction force receiving part extending rearward from the pillar mounting part of the female is provided, and this part is rotated to the rear surface of the pillar with a stud bolt. A technique of fixing to the pillar side is disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). According to this technology, the female is fixed to the pillar further behind the normal fixing position, which has the effect of preventing the female from being turned over in the direction in which it is peeled off, and is said to increase the hinge strength. ..

As another countermeasure to structurally increase the strength of the female, a technique is disclosed in which the female is brought into direct contact with the door body at an early stage to disperse the impact force when the door hinge structure is deformed due to a collision. As an example, there is a countermeasure in which a protruding member, which is a separate part bent in a U shape, is welded to the rear of the female toward the door body (see, for example, Patent Document 2). According to this, the tip of the protruding member protrudes to a distance close to the door body, and in the event of a collision, the impact force applied to the door hinge (female) is hinged when the protruding member first contacts the door body side due to the impact. It is supposed to be distributed at a position lower than the center height.

As one of the other approaches in the prior art, a technique is disclosed in which the structure of mail or female is fundamentally modified to make the entire hinge compact (see, for example, Patent Document 3). FIG. 7 shows a compactly formed sheet metal hinge assembly 30 disclosed in Patent Document 3. In the hinge assembly 30, the vehicle body side structure 60 (corresponding to the female 51 in FIG. 6) in which a pair of L-shaped elements are stacked back to back is similarly composed of a pair of L-shaped elements in a cross section on the door side structure. It is composed of a simple structure that is sandwiched from both sides by 40 (corresponding to mail 52), which makes the entire hinge structure smaller and lighter, and greatly improves the material yield.

As another approach, there is known a technique of forming both metal fittings by machining using a shaped steel (angle material) having excellent strength and rigidity, instead of making the door side metal fittings and the vehicle body side metal fittings from sheet metal. By using a material with excellent strength, both metal fittings can be made compact, and as a result, a hinge structure showing high rigidity can be obtained because the hinge center and the body side bolt can be structurally brought closer to each other. .. Some of the materials that have the same effect as shaped steel are machined from forged and cast materials, but these hinge structures that show high rigidity can be seen in the market mainly for European cars.

The reference numerals used in the above description with reference to FIG. 7 are all the same as those used in Patent Document 3, and are used in the description of the present invention described below. Is not always consistent with.

JP-A-2002-347441 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-118370 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-144924 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-218442

However, there is still room for improvement in the measures for strengthening various door hinges in the above-mentioned prior art. First, in the conventional hinge structure by sheet metal processing described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the basic structure of the door hinge mail and female is unchanged, and the hinge structure itself is made compact because the main purpose is to improve impact resistance. That is, there is a lack of improvement in terms of weight reduction and miniaturization. Rather, measures have been taken to go against compactification, such as extending the material or welding another member in order to increase rigidity, all of which have led to an increase in weight, a decrease in productivity, and an increase in cost.

Further, in the method for improving the structure by sheet metal processing described in Patent Document 3, although the material yield and the strength measures are improved, waste such as combining a pair of sheet metal hinge elements with the body side hinge element was observed. .. In addition, the method using shaped steel, forged products, and cast products leads to the effect of improving strength by increasing the rigidity, but it is possible to perform continuous press working such as progressive, and it accompanies material processing and machining compared to highly productive sheet metal products. There are many additional cost factors, and in particular, machining requires individual manufacturing processes one by one, which is extremely disadvantageous in terms of cost and can lead to an increase in weight.

Based on the above, the present invention is made of sheet metal processing, which is excellent in processing and advantageous in terms of weight, but has a simple structure with fewer components, and the distance between the hinge center and the mounting bolt is shortened to increase rigidity. The purpose is to provide a compact vehicle door hinge that can be increased in size and reduced in weight.

In the present invention, the idea of the prior art is changed, and although it is made of sheet metal, the increase in plate thickness does not directly lead to the increase in weight. It solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art by reversing the idea that it can be converted, and specifically includes the following contents.

That is, one aspect of the present invention comprises a door-side hinge element attached to the door side of the vehicle, a body-side hinge element attached to the body side, and a hinge pin rotatably connecting both hinge elements. It is a door hinge structure that pivotally supports the door of the vehicle so that it can be opened and closed. The two pieces of the shaft support with holes are made of sheet metal elements bent in an L shape, and the hinge elements on the door side are the door mounting part with holes for mounting on the door side and the other. The door side hinge element is composed of an element in which two pieces are formed in an L shape with a shaft support in which a through hole through which the hinge pin penetrates is drilled in one piece, and the door side hinge element is a shaft support in which a through hole in the body side hinge element is perforated. One on either side, one on each side, or a pair of back-to-back hinges on either side of the body side hinge element It is rotatably connected by a hinge pin facing the shaft support, and at that time, the center of one of the mounting holes drilled in the body mounting part of the body side hinge element is from the hinge center of the hinge pin to the body mounting part. It relates to a door hinge structure characterized by being on or near the lowered vertical line.

The door-side hinge element can be a sheet metal element in which two pieces of the door mounting portion and the shaft support portion are bent in an L shape. Further, a press-fitting bolt can be press-fitted into one of the mounting holes drilled in the body mounting portion.

A hinge pin is press-fitted into the through hole of the shaft support of either the body side hinge element or the door side hinge element, and a bearing bush for sliding contact through which the hinge pin penetrates is inserted into the other shaft support. The bush is provided with a taper along the axial direction of the hinge pin, and the bearing portion of the hinge pin that is in sliding contact with the bush may be provided with a taper corresponding to the taper of the bush.

The outer peripheral portion of the corner bent in an L shape can be made into a flat bent portion up to an edge without a radius by a lightening process. In addition, in order to stop the door opening angle at a fixed position when the door is opened, the stopper receiving portion that contacts the stopper extending from the side surface of the shaft support of the body side hinge element at the door fully open position is attached to the shaft support end surface of the door side hinge element. It may be projected from.

By implementing the present invention, it is possible to provide a door hinge structure having a simple structure, compactness and high productivity, increasing the strength of the body-side hinge element, which is relatively insufficient in the prior art, and having excellent impact resistance. Can be done.

It is a perspective view which shows the whole outline of the door hinge structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a side view (a) and a front sectional view (b) of the door hinge structure shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the whole outline of the door hinge structure which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a front sectional view of the door hinge structure shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the whole outline of the door hinge structure which concerns on still another Embodiment of this invention. It is an exploded perspective view which shows the outline of the general door hinge structure by a prior art. It is a perspective view which shows the improvement example of the sheet metal door hinge structure by a prior art.

The door hinge structure for a vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an outline of the door hinge structure 1 according to the present embodiment. In the figure, the door hinge structure 1 according to the present embodiment has a door hinge element 10 composed of a pair of elements 10a and 10b formed in an L shape by sheet metal processing, and a body formed in an L shape by sheet metal processing. It is composed of a side hinge element 20 and a hinge pin 30 that rotatably connects both of them by caulking. Conventionally, one of the body-side and door-side hinge elements is often referred to as a mail and the other as a female depending on the respective forms. However, for convenience of explanation in the present specification, at least each hinge element according to the present invention is used. The hinge elements shall be referred to as "door side hinge element 10" and "body side hinge element 20".

In FIG. 1, the door-side hinge elements 10 are basically symmetrically arranged with a pair of hinge elements 10a and 10b sandwiching a body-side hinge element 20 described later, and one side bent in an L shape is a door mounting portion 11. The other side constitutes the shaft branch 12. The door mounting portion 11 is perforated with a mounting hole 13, and the shaft support portion 12 is penetrated with a through hole for mounting the hinge pin 30 which is hidden behind in the drawing. A stopper receiving portion 14 that comes into contact with a stopper, which will be described later, projects from the left end surface of each shaft support portion 12 in the drawing. If the pair of hinge elements 10a and 10b are symmetrical, there is a merit that the steps such as punching up to the bending process can be common to both, but it is not always necessary that the two are symmetrical. However, as is clear from the drawings, each of the hinge elements 10a and 10b has an extremely simple structure bent into an L shape, and it can be understood that the yield can be expected to be improved if the hinge elements are made of sheet metal.

The body-side hinge element 20 is also made of sheet metal such as SAPH310-440, which has a simple shape bent in an L shape. One side of the L-shape constitutes the body mounting portion 21, the other side constitutes the shaft support portion 22, and the body mounting portion 21 is perforated with a pair of mounting holes 23 (only one of them is perforated in the drawing). (It is visible.), The shaft support portion 22 has a through hole for attaching the hinge pin 30, which is hidden behind in the drawing. In the illustrated example, the mounting bolt 35 is press-fitted into the hole on the side of the pair of mounting holes 23 that is close to the hinge pin 30. Further, a stopper 24 with which the stopper receiving portion 14 protruding from the door-side hinge element 10 described above comes into contact with the shaft support portion 22 is pushed in and protrudes toward the back of the drawing.

At the time of assembling the door hinge structure 1, each hinge element 10a and 10b of the door side hinge element 10 having its own shaft support 12 facing each other is arranged on the shaft support 22 of the body side hinge element 20, and the through holes are aligned with each other. The hinge pin penetrates in the closed state. In the door hinge structure 1 configured as described above, a pair is usually arranged coaxially up and down in the axial direction of the hinge pin 30, and the door side hinge element 10 is fixed to the door side and the body side hinge element 20 is fixed to the body side. It supports the vehicle body so that the door can be opened and closed.

FIG. 2A is a side view of the door hinge structure 1 seen from the direction of the white arrow A shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a door hinge structure seen from the direction of the white arrow B also shown in FIG. It is a front sectional view at the time of cutting in the vicinity of the center (hereinafter referred to as "hinge center") of the hinge pin 30 of 1. The body-side hinge element in the prior art is drawn, for example, in the female 51 shown in FIG. 6 in order to raise both shaft branches having a U-shaped cross section from the mounting portion while maintaining strength. In order to escape from the bending surface, it was necessary to move the position of the bolt hole 51b closer to the hinge center away from the bending surface. As a result, the distance between the hinge center where the load is applied at the time of collision and the bolt mounting position that supports it on the body side deviates, which is one of the causes of insufficient strength. In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2A, the door-side hinge element 20 is bent into an L shape without drawing, so that the mounting bolt 35 is placed substantially directly below the hinge pin 30 as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in the figure. It becomes possible to arrange. As a result, the distance between the hinge center and the bolt mounting position is minimized, and mounting strength with high impact resistance can be obtained. Here, "almost directly below the hinge pin 30" can be generally rephrased as "on or near the perpendicular line drawn from the hinge center to the mounting portion 21". Here, the "neighborhood" is defined as a range in which the vertical wire drawn on the mounting portion 21 is deviated by approximately the thickness of the mounting portion 21.

Further, in the present embodiment, by adopting a press-fit bolt as the mounting bolt 35, the presence of the door-side hinge element 10 does not hinder the mounting of the bolt directly under the hinge center. When the mounting bolt 35 is fastened to the body side, it is tightened from the inside of the pillar, which is an element on the body side. The other mounting bolt 36, which is not a critical position for mounting, may be fastened with ordinary bolts, and flange bolts are used in the illustrated example.

Next, in the front sectional view of FIG. 2B, in the door hinge structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the cross section of the body side hinge element 20 is U-shaped (see FIG. 6) or T-shaped (see FIG. 7). It shows a feature that is formed in an L shape including a mounting portion 21 and a shaft support portion 22. There are two main factors that made this possible, and one point is a shift in the idea of doubling the thickness of the body-side hinge element 20 from about 4 to 5 mm in the prior art to about 7 to 8 mm. Naturally, the weight will increase due to the increase in plate thickness, but the weight increase will be minimized by making the entire hinge structure compact by simplifying the structure and shortening the overall dimensions, including the above-mentioned change in the bolt mounting position. In some cases, it is possible to reduce the weight.

Another factor that made it possible to make a compact L-shape is that the L-shaped bent part is subjected to a meat-matching coining process by pressing to eliminate the radius of the L-shaped bent part and a flat surface up to the edge of the corner part. As a result, the wall thickness was maintained and the mounting area of the mounting portion 21 was maintained wide. With normal bending, a radius equivalent to the minimum plate thickness is formed. For example, if the plate thickness is 8 mm, the width w of the mounting portion 21 (FIG. 2) is required to secure the same mounting area of the mounting portion 21 with respect to the body side. It is necessary to allow an extra 8 mm (see (b)), which increases the material and weight. This mounting area is an important factor for smoothly transmitting the impact at the time of collision from the body to the hinge structure 1 and further from the hinge structure 1 to the body.

The meat gathering process itself is also known in the prior art as shown in, for example, Patent Document 4. As an outline, the surplus meat is collected in a portion where L-shaped bending is expected in the process of press working, and this surplus meat is placed in the corner portion of the bending during the bending process. If this process is added to progressive continuous press working, it will not lead to a substantial increase in processing costs. In the present embodiment, the technique is used to extend the mounting surface of the mounting portion 21 flatly to the edge of the tip of the L-shaped bent portion, thereby expanding the contact area with the facing body side. This makes it possible to obtain sufficient mounting strength even if the mounting portions are L-shaped instead of the inverted T-shape that secures the contact area by arranging the mounting portions on both sides of the shaft support as shown in Patent Document 3. ing. Conventionally, such a structure has been realized in cast / forged products accompanied by machining and molded products using shaped steel, but it is possible to achieve the same shape and strength by sheet metal processing, which is easy to process. As a result, even if the metal fittings are made of the same sheet metal, the drawing process as in the prior art is not required, a simple L-shaped bending structure without a flange portion is obtained, and the total length of the mounting portion 21 (FIG. 2A). Since both the reference numeral l) and the overall width (reference numeral w in FIG. 2B) can be shortened, the increase in weight due to the increase in plate thickness can be offset.

Another merit of having the L-shaped bent portion of the body side hinge element 20 be lightened is that the offset amount s from the mounting surface of the hinge pin 30 shown in FIG. 2 (b) to the mounting bolt 35 is set to the mounting portion. The point is that it can be approached to the very limit of 21 corners without radius. As a result, the distance between the two can be minimized even in the front view, which leads to shortening the arm length from the point of action of the collision applied to the hinge center, so that the impact resistance is expected to be further improved. be able to.

Regarding the corner portion of the L-shaped portion of the body-side hinge element 20, it is desirable to do this in terms of strength and size, but it is the same as the normal bending process with a rounded portion. Even if this is done, a certain advantage of the present invention over the prior art can be maintained as long as the mounting portion does not spread in an inverted T shape on both sides of the shaft support portion and extends only in one side in an L shape. can.

Further, the main point of the present embodiment is to increase the plate thickness of the body-side hinge element 20 made of sheet metal to realize an L-shape, and to obtain various merits as described above. Here, the door-side hinge elements 10 (10a, 10b) also show a pair of sheet metal L-shaped hinge elements 10a and 10b, which are preferable from the viewpoint of ease of processing and weight, but are related to the present embodiment. The door-side hinge element 10 does not necessarily have to be made of sheet metal, and may be a hinge element made of another material such as a shaped steel or a machined product for casting or forging.

Next, in the present embodiment, the hinge pin 30 is also improved. In FIG. 2B, the hinge pins 30 are, in order from the left to the right in the figure, the hinge pin head, the press-fitting portion of the hinge element 10a on the first door side, the bearing sliding portion into which the bush 38 is fitted, and the second. A press-fitting portion and a caulking portion of the hinge element 10b on the door side of No. 2 are formed. Of these, at the press-fitting portions of the first and second door-side hinge elements 10a and 10b, knurling is provided on the outer periphery of the hinge pin 30. The hinge pin 30 penetrates the through hole of the body side metal fitting 20 between the two hinge elements 10a and 10b, and the bearing bush 38 formed in a tapered shape is fitted in the bearing sliding portion which is the penetrating portion. There is. This tapered configuration has the advantage that the preload that adjusts the sliding resistance between the hinge pin 30 and the bush 38 can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of caulking of the caulked portion. Unlike the bearing structure in which the hinge pin 53 is supported by two points of the pair of bushes 54 as in the prior art as shown in FIG. 6, the hinge pin 30 of the present embodiment is supported by one point of the bush 38. It is desirable that the amount of torque at the time of opening / closing the door can be adjusted as such a structure so that an appropriate door opening / closing resistance can be obtained. However, the door opening / closing resistance may be provided by another element, and a straight bush may be adopted.

The operation of the door hinge structure 1 according to the present embodiment configured as described above is such that the door can be opened and closed by attaching the door side hinge element 10 to the vehicle door and the body side hinge element 20 to the vehicle body. It will be supported. This basic structure and operation are the same as those of the door hinge structure according to the prior art (for example, the door hinge structure 50 shown in FIG. 6).

The advantage of the door hinge structure 1 according to the present embodiment over the door hinge structure according to the prior art is that the separation distance between the hinge center and the body side hinge element 20 mounting bolt 35 is compressed to form an L-shaped thick body. Combined with the adoption of the side hinge element 20, the impact resistance is improved, and the possibility that the safety of the occupants can be ensured even in the event of a disaster such as a collision accident is increased. In addition, the structure is simpler than the conventional sheet metal door hinge structure (particularly the door hinge structure with improved impact resistance), and it is excellent in processing. In some cases, it is possible to offset the weight increase due to the increase in plate thickness by compressing the size. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the weight and cost of machined products such as casting / forging and shaped steel.

Next, the vehicle door hinge structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows an overall outline of the vehicle door hinge structure 2 according to the present embodiment, and the same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 3, the hinge structure 2 includes a door-side hinge element 10 formed in an L-shaped cross section and a body-side hinge element 20 having a sheet metal processing in the same L-shaped cross section, both of which are rotatably supported. It is composed of a hinge pin 30 and a hinge pin 30. The inner body side hinge element 20 is basically the same as the body side hinge element 20 of FIG. 1, that is, the L-shaped bent portion overhangs the edge of the corner portion by the lightening process, thereby expanding the mounting area. It is configured to do. Further, the mounting bolt 35 is a press-fit type and is arranged directly below the hinge center to increase the rigidity. In FIG. 3, for convenience of explanation, the L-shaped bending direction is reversed from that in FIG. 2, but there is no technical difference.

On the other hand, the door-side hinge element 10 is different from the previous embodiment in which the pair of hinge elements 10a and 10b are formed here in that a single component is formed in an L shape. In the present embodiment, the door-side hinge element 10 is made of sheet metal, and the plate thickness is about twice as thick as that of the door-side hinge element (mail 52 in FIG. 6) according to the conventional technique to increase the strength and L-shape. By forming the bent portion of the body side hinge element 20 in the same manner as the body side hinge element 20, the mounting surface is extended to the edge to widen the contact area of the mounting portion 11. In the illustrated example, only one mounting hole 13 for the door-side hinge element 10 is provided, but if necessary, the mounting portion 11 may be extended in the vertical or horizontal direction of the drawing to add a mounting hole. good. Since this structure is completely cantilevered, the hinge pin 30 has a structure different from that of the previous embodiment, and the details thereof will be described with reference to FIG. 4 below.

FIG. 4 shows a front sectional view of the hinge structure 2 as viewed from the direction indicated by the white arrow B in FIG. In the figure, the hinge pin 30 is formed in the shape of a deformed stepped bolt, and is fastened and fixed so as to sandwich the body side hinge element 20 with a deformed nut 31 at a point where the door side hinge element 10 and the body side hinge element 20 are penetrated. ing. On the right side of the figure, the door-side hinge element 10 is slidably supported via the bush 38, and the bush sheet 39 is sandwiched and crimped. Although the bush 38 is tapered in the axial direction, the effect of this is the same as that described in the previous embodiment, and it is preferable but not always necessary to taper the bush 38. The hinge structure 2 assembled in this way can be attached and detached by operating the nut 31. The press-fitting bolt 35 is arranged substantially directly below the hinge pin 30 in the figure, and is similar to the previous embodiment in that the impact resistance is enhanced.

The hinge structure 2 according to the present embodiment has rigidity equivalent to that of casting / forging and machining of shaped steel while being made of sheet metal, and can realize a compact hinge structure at low cost without sacrificing weight. It has characteristics. Compared with the previous embodiment, the number of component elements can be reduced in that the number of door-side hinge elements 10 is one. In addition, also in this embodiment, the gist of the invention is to form the body side hinge element 20 compactly with a thick plate, and here, the door side hinge element 10 is also made of sheet metal, but this is not always essential and the shape steel. , A hinge element made of another material, such as a machined cast / forged material, may be used as in the previous embodiment.

In addition, unlike the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 2 (b), in FIG. 4, the bearing function is performed via the bush 38 on the side of the door-side hinge element 10, but this is the same as in FIG. A bush may be interposed toward the body-side hinge element 20 to perform the bearing function. On the contrary, in FIG. 1, it is possible to have the bearing function not on the body side hinge element 20 but on the door side hinge element 10, but the bearing portion is required for each of both hinge elements 10a and 10b. Not always preferable.

Next, the vehicle door hinge structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows an overall outline of the vehicle door hinge structure 3 according to the present embodiment. The vehicle door hinge structure 3 relates to a modification of the vehicle door hinge structure 2 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and the same components as those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 5, the vehicle door hinge structure 3 according to the present embodiment is the vehicle door hinge structure 2 described above, except that the door side hinge element 10 is composed of a pair of elements 10a and 10b formed in an L shape. Is similar to. The pair of elements 10a and 10b are integrally joined by embossing 16 or welding or other methods in a state where the shaft support portions 12 are back to back and the shaft cores of the hinge pin through holes are aligned. In this case, even if the pair of elements 10a and 10b are separable, a combination of a claw and a notch or a boss and a boss hole is used so that relative deviation does not occur when the pair of elements 10a and 10b are later assembled to the hinge pin 30. Including being in a state of being mechanically restrained. The mounting holes 13 provided in the door mounting portions 11 of the pair of door-side hinge elements 10a and 10b are arranged on both sides of the shaft support portions 22 of the body-side hinge elements 20 with the shaft support portions 22 in between. Compared to the vehicle door hinge structure 2 in which the door is supported on both sides of the body side hinge element 20 and is supported on only one side, the effect of preventing twisting deformation can be obtained, and the rigidity is further improved.

In the example shown in FIG. 5, the pair of elements 10a and 10b are formed by sheet metal bending, and the L-shaped bent portion like the element 10 shown in FIG. 3 is not fleshed out. This is because the load is distributed to the pair of elements 10a and 10b and the rigidity is improved, and the plate thickness can be made thinner than that of the door-side hinge element 10 shown in FIG. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 5, a bulging portion 17 by pushing is provided in the bent portion to increase the resistance to bending. However, also in the present embodiment, it is free to perform a lightening process on the bent portions of the pair of elements 10a and 10b.

FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the vehicle door hinge structure 2 according to the second embodiment, but the cross section of the vehicle door hinge structure 3 according to the present embodiment shows the door side hinge shown in FIG. The only difference is that the cross section of the element 10 is a double cross section of 10a and 10b, and the others are exactly the same. Therefore, the cross section of the vehicle door hinge structure 3 according to the present embodiment is omitted. 4 shall be substituted. The hinge through holes of the pair of elements 10a and 10b can be tapered by sizing in a state where they are aligned with each other. As a result, the bush 38 (see FIG. 4) can also be tapered to form a tapered bearing with adjustable preload, which is the same as the vehicle door hinge structure 2 described above.

The structure in which the pair of door-side hinge elements 10a and 10b are arranged on both sides of the shaft support 22 of the body-side hinge element 20 is the same as the vehicle door hinge structure 1 shown in FIG. 1, but is structurally for a vehicle. The door hinge structure 1 is supported by both sides with respect to the body side hinge element 20, whereas the door hinge structure 3 for a vehicle is supported by cantilever. Further, in the vehicle door hinge structure 1, the hinge pin 30 is an integral type that makes it impossible to separate the door side and body side hinge elements 10 and 20 by caulking, whereas in the vehicle door hinge structure 3, the deformed nut 31 (FIG. It is also different in that it can be separated by loosening (see 4).

The action / effect of the vehicle door hinge structure 3 according to the present embodiment is that the door side hinge elements 10a and 10b are the axes of the body side hinge element 20 with respect to the vehicle door hinge structure 2 according to the second embodiment. It is the same as the vehicle door hinge structure except that the twist prevention effect and the rigidity are improved because it straddles both sides of the branch 22.

The door hinge structure provided with the configuration according to the present invention can be widely used in the door hinge structure or in the industrial field of manufacturing and selling a vehicle having the door hinge structure.

1, 2. Door hinge structure, 10 (10a, 10b). Door side hinge element, 11. Door mounting part, 12. Shaft branch, 13. Mounting holes, 14. Stopper receiving part, 16. Embossing, 17. Bulge, 20. Body side hinge element, 21. Body mounting part, 22. Shaft branch, 23. Mounting holes, 24. Stopper, 30. Hinge pins, 35, 36. Mounting bolts, 38. Bush, 39. Bush sheet.

Claims (6)

It is composed of a door-side hinge element attached to the vehicle door side, a body-side hinge element attached to the body side, and a hinge pin that rotatably connects both hinge elements, and is a shaft support that can open and close the vehicle door. In the door hinge structure
The body side hinge element is bent in an L shape by two pieces, a body mounting portion in which a mounting hole for the body side is perforated in one piece and a shaft support portion in which a through hole through which the hinge pin penetrates is perforated in the other piece. Consists of sheet metal elements
The door-side hinge element is formed in an L-shape by two pieces, a door mounting portion having a hole for mounting on the door side in one piece and a shaft support portion having a through hole through which the hinge pin penetrates in the other piece. Consists of the elements
The door-side hinge elements are back-to-back coupled to one on either side of the body-side hinge element, one on each side, or one side. The pair is rotatably connected by the hinge pin with its own shaft support facing the shaft support of the body-side hinge element.
At that time, the door hinge is characterized in that one center of the mounting hole drilled in the body mounting portion of the body side hinge element is on or near the perpendicular line drawn from the hinge center of the hinge pin to the body mounting portion. Construction. The door hinge structure according to claim 1, wherein the door hinge element is a sheet metal element in which two pieces of the door mounting portion and the shaft support portion are bent in an L shape. The door hinge structure according to claim 1, wherein a press-fitting bolt is press-fitted into one of the mounting holes drilled in the body mounting portion. For bearings, the hinge pin is press-fitted into the through hole of one of the body-side hinge element and the door-side hinge element, and the hinge pin penetrates through the through hole of the other shaft support to make sliding contact. Claim 1 in which a bush is inserted, the bush is provided with a taper along the axial direction of the hinge pin, and the bearing portion of the hinge pin that is in sliding contact with the bush is provided with a taper corresponding to the taper of the bush. The door hinge structure according to any one of claims 3. The door hinge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer peripheral portion of the corner bent in an L shape is a bent portion having an edge without a radius due to a lightening process. In order to stop the door opening angle at a constant angle when the door is opened, the stopper receiving portion that comes into contact with the stopper extending from the side surface of the shaft support of the body-side hinge element at the door fully open position is the shaft support of the door-side hinge element. The door hinge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which protrudes from the end face.

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