JP2019135354A - Falling matter capture facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a facility for capturing a collapsed object, which can increase the accumulated height of the collapsed object without directly raising the guard fence itself. SOLUTION: This is a combination of a new or existing lower protection facility 10 erected on a slope and an upper guidance net 20 arranged on the upstream side of the lower protection facility 10 so as to face the slope, from the slope G. The lower protection facility 10 is raised via the upper guidance net 20 positioned in a separated state, and the lower protection facility is formed in the induction deposition space S continuously formed between the upper guidance net 20 and the slope G. The structure is such that the collapsed object 30 can be deposited beyond the fence height H2 of 10. [Selection diagram] FIG. 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a facility for capturing a fallen object that suppresses disasters such as fallen earth and sand and avalanches.

In recent years, natural disasters due to collapsed sediment caused by unexpected heavy rain have occurred frequently.
A rigid retaining wall structure is known as one of the countermeasures against landslides.
A concrete retaining wall is used as the rigid retaining wall structure (Patent Document 1). However, the concrete retaining wall has a problem that the construction cost is high and is not suitable for soft ground. A pile-type protective fence has been proposed as an alternative structure of the retaining wall (Patent Document 2).
Referring to FIG. 7, the pile-type protective fence 50 includes a plurality of support columns 51 built deep in the ground and a protection net 52 constructed between the ground portions of the support columns 51. It has a structure that can support the impact energy of the collapsing object 30 acting on a plurality of pillars 51 that are deeply embedded in the ground.

A pocket-type lock net is known as one of economical rockfall countermeasures (Patent Documents 3 and 4).
As the pocket type lock net, there are known a high energy absorption type pocket type lock net equipped with a plurality of buffer metal fittings and a simple type pocket type lock net not equipped with a buffer metal fitting.

JP-A-8-260476 JP 2010-37765 A JP 7-42117 A JP-A-2005-350886

Conventional facilities for catching fallen objects have the following problems.
<1> In the pile-type safety barrier 50, depositable height of collapse was 30 is up to fence height H ₁ of the guard fence.
Exceeds fence height H ₁ of the pile-type safety barrier 50 and will be collapsed was 30 rolls down, it extends the collapse damage to the downstream side of the road and rail and houses and the like.
<2> determines the fence height H ₁ of the guard fence based on the deposition amount of collapse was 30 to be pile type envisaged in safety barrier 50.
To increase the deposition height of collapse was 30 may be increased to fence height H ₁ of the pile-type safety barrier 50, but the higher the fence itself fences 50, Material of safety barrier 50 in proportion to the height Not only is the cost increased, but the side pressure F ₂ acting on the side surface is increased, so that the strength of the support column 51 must be increased and the depth of penetration of the support column 51 must be increased.
Thus, in order to increase the deposition height of the fallen object 30, not only the material cost increases, but also the length of the support column 51 becomes longer and the weight of the support column 51 increases. There is.
<3> Divided struts have been put into practical use in order to solve the problem of carrying in the long struts 51. However, using split struts increases not only material costs but also construction costs.
<4> The simple pocket-type rock net is designed to be used for falling rocks, so it has the economical characteristics of being very inexpensive, but it is not suitable for catching the fallen soil that has a larger impact force than falling rocks. .

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a falling object capturing facility that can secure the amount of falling objects without directly raising the protective fence itself. .

The present invention is a collapsing object capturing facility comprising a lower level protection facility erected on a slope, and a higher level guidance net disposed on the upstream side of the lower level protection facility so as to face the slope. The lower protection facility is raised via the upper guidance net positioned in the above state, and the fence height of the lower protection facility is exceeded in the guidance accumulation space formed continuously between the upper guidance net and the slope. It is possible to deposit collapsed objects.
In another embodiment of the present invention, an open entrance is formed in the upper part of the guided deposition space so that a fallen object can enter between the upper guide net and the slope, and the lower protection facility An outlet facing the side surface of the subordinate protection facility is formed at the bottom of the induction deposition space so that the fallen object can be captured on the side surface of the lower protection facility.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the lower level protection facility may be a new protection fence (protection facility) or may be applied to an existing protection facility. As the lower level protection facility, for example, a pile type protective fence, a retaining wall structure, or a form in which a protective fence is constructed on the retaining wall may be used.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the lower side of the upper guide net may be connected to the lower protection facility and positioned, or may be connected to the head of the auxiliary column standing on the slope.
When using the auxiliary strut, an extra length portion may be formed on the lower side of the upper guide net, and the extra length portion may be suspended from the head of the auxiliary prop.
In another form of the present invention, the upper side of the upper guide net may be positioned by being connected to the head of a suspension column erected on the slope.

The present invention has at least one of the following effects.
<1> Since the lower protection facility can be raised by a simple structure in which the lower protection facility and the upper guidance net are combined, collapsed objects can be accumulated beyond the fence height of the lower protection facility.
<2> The subordinate defensive facility can construct a capture facility regardless of whether it is a new defensive facility or an existing defensive facility.
<3> When the lower level protection facility is newly established, the fence height of the lower level protection facility can be halved. Therefore, the lower level protection facility can be economically constructed, and materials can be carried in and installed easily.
<4> When the lower level protection facility is newly established, it is possible to increase the amount of fallen objects captured by effectively utilizing the existing protection facility without raising the existing protection facility directly above.
<5> Since the guide net is disposed opposite to the slope in consideration of the fall height of the fallen object, a large impact force does not act on the guide net during the fall of the fallen object. Therefore, it is not necessary to manufacture the induction net with high strength or to make the construction length of the induction net longer than necessary.
<6> When the lower side of the upper guidance net cannot be positioned at the lower level protection facility or when positioning is difficult, the lower side of the upper guidance net can be positioned only by additionally installing an auxiliary column.

Perspective view of the collapsed facility capturing facility according to Example 1 with a part omitted Front view of a collapsed property capture facility with some omitted Sectional view of III-III in Fig. 2 Model diagram of the capture facility where some of the collapsed objects were captured Longitudinal sectional view of the facility for catching fallen objects according to Example 2 Longitudinal sectional view of the facility for catching fallen objects according to Example 3 Model diagram of conventional pile guard fence

  The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Example 1]
<1> Collapsed Material The collapsed material 30 in the present invention includes not only the collapsed sand and avalanche, but also includes the collapsed soil and avalanche mixed with rocks, and also includes the case of only falling rocks.

<2> Outline of Falling Object Capture Facility With reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the capture facility of the present invention is a lower level protection fence 10 that is a lower level protection facility erected on the valley side slope, and a lower level protection fence 10. The upper guidance net | network 20 arrange | positioned spaced apart from the slope G in the upper part is comprised.
On the upstream side of the lower guard fence 10, an upper guide net 20 is disposed in a state of being separated from the slope G, and the upper side and the lower side of the upper guide net 20 are respectively positioned.
Between the upper induction net 20 and the inclined surface G be formed is induced deposition space S having a continuous deposition of collapse was 30 beyond the fence height of H ₂ lower safety barrier 10 to the induction deposition space S Is possible.

<3> Lower Guard Fence The lower guard fence 10 may be in any form as long as it is a new or existing protective facility for the purpose of capturing the fallen object 30.
In this example, a case will be described in which the lower guard fence 10 is configured by a newly installed pile guard fence.

The lower level protection fence 10 of this example includes a plurality of columns 11 built in the ground and a protection net 15 attached between the columns 11.
Although the upper collar 14 is laid across between the heads of the adjacent columns 11, the upper collar 14 is not essential.

<3.1> Struts As the struts 11, known struts such as steel pipes, multiple steel pipes, concrete-filled steel pipes, concrete pillars, H steel, and the like can be applied. When the full length of the support | pillar 11 is elongate, it comprises in a division | segmentation type | formula and you may make it assemble a division | segmentation column body on the spot.

<3.2> Protective Net The protective net 15 has a substantially rectangular outer shape and includes a plurality of horizontal ropes 12 and a net 13.
The horizontal rope 12 is a metal or fiber rope material having excellent tensile strength, and is attached to each support 11 in a slidable or non-slidable form.
The net 13 is a metal or fiber net material suitable for capturing the fallen object 30, and a wire mesh is preferable from the viewpoint of strength and cost. The net 13 is attached to the horizontal rope 12 via a spiral coil or the like.

Compared <3.3> a fence height of H ₂ lower fences 10 by fence height present invention the lower fences combined with upper induction net 20, fence height H ₁ of the conventional protective fence alone _(Figure 7) Can be greatly reduced.
For example, when the fence height H ₁ in the case of capturing with safety barrier alone is 5m can halve the fence height of H ₂ lower fences 10 to about 2.5 m.

Even lower fence height of H ₂ lower fences 10, the load of the strut 11 is not increased with respect to lateral pressure and impact force of collapse was 30 deposited.
Therefore, if the full length of the support | pillar 11 can be shortened, not only can material cost and weight be reduced, but the carrying of the support | pillar 11 to a confined area becomes easy and economical construction can be implement | achieved.
In the case where the lower level protection fence 10 is a pile type protection fence, it is not necessary to use an expensive split type support post.

<4> Upper Guidance Net The upper guidance net 20 is a net-like object having a guidance function for the collapsed object 30 and a raising function for the lower guard fence 10, and is positioned in a state where the upper and lower sides of the guidance net 20 are separated from the slope G. Yes.
In this example, the guide net 20 is configured by combining a plurality of ropes 22 that are crossed in the vertical and horizontal directions and knitted in a lattice shape and a net 23 that is superposed on the ropes 22 and arranged.
The rope 22 is a metal or fiber rope material excellent in tensile strength, and its intersection is connected so as not to slide.
For the net 23, a metal or fiber net material having a suitable size for capturing the fallen object 30 is appropriately selected. As the net 23, for example, a wire net is preferable in terms of strength and cost.
Located above the lower guard fence 10 and separated from the slope G

<4.1> Positioning Means for Upper Side of Guidance Net In this example, an embodiment in which the upper side of the guidance net 20 is connected to the heads of a plurality of suspension columns 21 for positioning will be described.

The suspension column 21 is a simple column for supporting the upper side of the guide net 20 and is erected with respect to the slope G in a state where it can be tilted or cannot be tilted.
As the suspension column 21, for example, a known column such as H steel, a steel pipe, or a concrete-filled steel pipe can be applied.
Practically, H steel is used as the suspension column 21, and the lower part of the H steel standing on the slope G is fixed with a concrete anchor or the like.
A holding rope 27 is stretched between the head of each suspension column 21 and the anchor 26 on the mountain side slope.

<4.2> Other positioning means on the upper side of the guide net The means for separating the upper side of the guide net 20 from the inclined surface G is not limited to the suspension column 21, and the suspension column 21 is omitted as described below. It is also possible to position the upper side of the guide net 20.
When the installation site of the upper guide net 20 is recessed in a lot, the suspension support column 21 is omitted, and a horizontal hanging rope (not shown) is integrally attached along the upper side of the guide net 20, and both ends of this horizontal hanging rope are attached. The upper side of the guide net 20 may be separated from the inclined surface G by fixing the portion to the inclined surface G.

<4.3> Positioning means for the lower side of the guide net The lower side of the guide net 20 is detachably or non-detachably connected to the upper part of the lower guard fence 10 and positioned.

<4.4> Construction length of induction net The conventional pocket type lock net absorbs impact force using the strength and suspension weight of the lock net suspended on the slope, so the lock net itself has high strength. In order to increase the suspension weight, it was necessary to lengthen the suspension length of the lock net.

On the other hand, since the guide net 20 is disposed opposite to the slope G in consideration of the collapse height of the fallen object 30, a large impact force does not act on the guide net 20 during the collapse of the fallen object 30. . Therefore, it is not necessary to manufacture the induction net 20 with high strength.
Furthermore, since the induction net 20 does not have an impact absorbing function, it is not necessary to lengthen the installation length L of the induction net 20 shown in FIG. 3, and it is sufficient that the lower protection fence 10 has a length that can be raised. .

<4.5> Inclination angle of the induction net When the induction net 20 is raised directly above the vertically installed protective net 15, a large lateral pressure acts on the raised induction net 20.
Therefore, the guide net 20 is tilted toward the slope G side with respect to the protective net 15.
The tilt angle θ of the guide net 20 is appropriately selected, but the tilt angle θ of the guide net 20 is adjusted in advance so that the collapsed object 30 to be raised has a gentle slope with a small side pressure (FIG. 4).

<5> Induced Deposition Space A continuous induced deposition space S is formed between the slope G and the induction net 20.
The uppermost entrance of the induced deposition space S is open so that the fallen object 30 can be taken into the interior, and the exit at the bottom of the induced deposition space S faces the side of the lower guard fence 10.

[Capture action of fallen objects]
The trapping action of the fallen object 30 by the trapping facility will be described with reference to FIGS.

<1> Guidance of fallen objects by the upper guidance net In FIG. 3, when the fallen objects 30 that slide down along the slope G reach the arrangement position of the upper guidance net 20, they enter from the entrance of the guidance deposition space S and lower protection. Slide down toward the fence 10.
When the collapsible object 30 passes below the guide net 20, the guide net 20 is positioned at a height that does not collide with the collapsible object 30, so that the guide net 20 does not receive a large impact force.
Even if the fallen object 30 jumps, the guide net 20 restricts the fallen object 30 from jumping out.
Since the guide net 20 is positioned along the sliding direction of the fallen object 30, the impact force of the fallen object 30 received by the guide net 20 is small.

<2> Capturing of Fallen Objects by Lower Guard Fences Referring to FIG. 4, when the fallen objects 30 reach the bottom of the induced deposition space S, they collide with the side surfaces of the lower guard fence 10 facing the induced deposition space S. Captured.
Similarly, the subsequent collapsed object 30 collides with the side surface of the lower guard fence 10, and the collapsed object 30 accumulates in the induced accumulation space S.
Strength as the lateral pressure F ₂ of collapse was 30 deposited with the impact force F ₁ of collapse was 30 in the lower protection barrier 10 acts, the lower guard fence 10 is capable of withstanding these impact force F ₁ and the lateral pressure F ₂ Because it is designed, it is not destroyed.

<3> Capturing Fallen Objects by Upper Guidance Net Referring to FIG. 4, the upper part of lower guard fence 10 is raised by guidance net 20 in the capture facility of the present invention.
Therefore, even if the fallen object 30 captured by the lower level protection fence 10 is full, the guide net 20 can continue to be captured while maintaining a gentle gradient while preventing the fallen object 30 from falling out.
Since the guide net 20 is disposed in consideration of the collapse height of the fallen object 30, the impact force F ₁ of the fallen object 30 does not directly act on the guide net 20.
Furthermore, without raising vertically is collapsed it was 30, because it is raised by the gentle slope to Nari mountains, lateral pressure F ₃ of collapse was 30 acting on the induction net 20 becomes small.

<4> About the gradient of the collapsed fallen object The fallen object 30 is deposited vertically along the side surface of the lower guard 10 at the beginning of the fall.
When pile height of collapse was 30 exceeds fence height of H ₂ lower fences 10, collapse product 30 is raised by the gentle gradient along the tilt angle θ of the induction net 20.

<5> Removal of fallen objects When removing the fallen objects 30 accumulated in the capture facility, after removing the lower side (hem) of the guide net 20 from the lower guard fence 10, a well-known heavy excavator such as a backhoe is used. Is used to remove the fallen objects 30 accumulated in the capture facility.
Since the lower guard fence 10 is low in height, the removal work of the fallen object 30 is easy and safe, and the fallen object 30 accumulated without disassembling the lower guard fence 10 can be removed.
Since the collapsed object 30 raised and accumulated above the lower guard fence 10 maintains a gentle gradient, even if the guide net 20 is opened, there is very little possibility that a large amount of the collapsed object 30 collapses suddenly.
Therefore, the fallen object 30 can be removed under a safe working environment.

[Example 2]
Other embodiments will be described below. In the description, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
A capture facility according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the present embodiment, a description will be given of a mode in which an auxiliary column 24 is additionally installed to position the downstream side of the upper guidance net 20.

<1> Auxiliary Support Column The auxiliary support column 24 is a simple support column for positioning the downstream side of the upper guide net 20 separately from the inclined surface G, and is erected on the inclined surface G near the lower protective fence 10.
If a holding rope (not shown) is stretched between the head of the auxiliary column 24 and the anchor provided on the side ground, the independence of the auxiliary column 24 can be enhanced.

<2> Upper Guidance Net In the first embodiment, the mode in which the lower side of the upper guidance net 20 is positioned on the lower guard fence 10 has been described. However, in this embodiment, the downstream side of the upper guidance net 20 is positioned on the auxiliary column 24. Is.
A surplus length portion 25 is formed on the downstream side of the upper guide net 20 suspended between both struts 21 and 24, and the surplus length portion 25 is suspended from the head of the auxiliary strut 24 in a curtain shape.
The net portion of the surplus length portion 25 may be suspended, or may be connected to the protective net 15.
The wire rope of the extra length portion 25 may be fixed to the ground or the like via a concrete anchor or the like.
In addition, since the net | network part of the extra length part 25 is for prevention of spilling of earth and sand, the full length is selected suitably.

<3> Capturing action of collapsing object The capturing action of collapsing substance 30 in the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment described above.

<4> Effects of the present embodiment The present embodiment has the following effects in addition to the effects of the first embodiment.
In this embodiment, when the lower side of the upper guide net 20 cannot be positioned on the lower guard fence 10 or when positioning is difficult, the downstream side of the upper guide net 20 can be positioned only by additionally installing the auxiliary support post 24. it can.

[Example 3]
With reference to FIG. 6, another embodiment in which the lower level protection facility is an existing protective fence 40 will be described.
In the present embodiment, the capturing facility is configured by the existing guard fence 40 and the upper guide net 20 disposed above the existing guard fence 40.

<1> Existing Guard Fence The existing guard fence 40 is a protective fence for landslide, avalanche, or rock fall, and any form may be used as long as it is a protection facility for capturing the fallen objects 30.

The existing protective fence 40 illustrated in FIG. 6 will be described. The existing protective fence 40 includes a concrete retaining wall 41, a plurality of support columns 42 erected on the retaining wall 41, and a protection that is horizontally installed between the plurality of support columns 42. And a net 43.
The lower level protection facility may be not only the existing protective fence 40 but also the existing pile-type protective fence 50 shown in FIG. 7 or a retaining wall structure without the protective fence.

<2> Positioning means on the lower side of the upper guidance net The positioning means on the lower side (hem) of the upper guidance net 20 applies the second embodiment when it is difficult to connect to the upper part of the existing protective fence 40, for example. Then, the auxiliary strut 24 is additionally installed to position the downstream side of the upper guidance net 20.
If the lower side of the upper guide net 20 can be connected to the upper part of the existing protective fence 40, it may be directly connected and positioned.

<3> Effects of the present embodiment The present embodiment has the following effects in addition to the effects of the first and second embodiments.
In the present embodiment, the amount of falling objects captured by the existing protective fence 40 can be increased without raising the fence itself of the existing protective fence 40 directly above.
Furthermore, since the existing protection fence 40 is effectively utilized and only the guidance net 20 is added, it can be easily constructed in a short period of time.

G: Slope S: Guided deposition space 10: Lower guard fence (lower guard facility)
11 ··· Post 12 ··· Horizontal rope 13 ··· Net 14 ··· Upper arm 15 · · · Protection net 20 · · · Upper guide net 21 · · · Suspension post 22 · ... Rope 23 ... Net 24 ... Auxiliary support 25 ... Excess length 26 of upper guide net ... Anchor 27 ... Retention rope 30 ... Collapse object 40 .... Existing protective fence (lower level protection facility)
41... Retaining wall 42... Support 43... Protection net 50... Conventional pile-type protection fence 51.

Claims (10)

A facility for capturing a fallen object comprising a lower level protection facility erected on a slope and a higher level guide net disposed opposite to the slope on the upstream side of the lower level protection facility,
The lower protection facility is raised through the upper guidance net positioned away from the slope,
Between the upper guidance net and the slope, a continuous guidance deposition space capable of depositing fallen objects over the fence height of the lower protection facility is formed,
A facility for catching fallen objects.   An open entrance is formed in the upper part of the induction deposition space so that the fallen object can enter between the upper guide net and the slope, and the fallen object can be captured on the side of the lower protection facility. As described above, the facility for capturing a fallen object according to claim 1, wherein an outlet facing the side surface of the lower protection facility is formed at the bottom of the induction deposition space.   The facility for capturing a fallen object according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower-level protective facility is a newly-built protective fence.   The facility for capturing a fallen object according to claim 1, wherein the lower level protection facility is an existing protection fence.   The collapsed object capturing facility according to claim 1, wherein the lower protection facility is a retaining wall structure.   The collapsed object capturing facility according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the lower level protection facility is a pile-type protective fence.   The falling object capturing facility according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a lower side of the upper guidance net is connected and positioned to a lower protection facility.   The falling object capturing facility according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a lower side of the upper guide net is positioned and connected to a head of an auxiliary support column erected on a slope. .   The facility for capturing a fallen object according to claim 8, wherein a surplus length portion is formed on a lower side of the upper guidance net, and the surplus length portion is suspended from the head of the auxiliary column.   The falling object capturing facility according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an upper side of the upper guide net is positioned by being connected to a head of a suspension support column erected on a slope. .

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