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JP2019184480A - Discharge detection structure and discharge detection system - Google Patents

Discharge detection structure and discharge detection system Download PDF

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JP2019184480A
JP2019184480A JP2018077464A JP2018077464A JP2019184480A JP 2019184480 A JP2019184480 A JP 2019184480A JP 2018077464 A JP2018077464 A JP 2018077464A JP 2018077464 A JP2018077464 A JP 2018077464A JP 2019184480 A JP2019184480 A JP 2019184480A
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discharge
pass filter
filter unit
discharge detection
noise
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JP7102057B2 (en
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淳史 宮本
Junji Miyamoto
淳史 宮本
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Nitto Kogyo Co Ltd
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Nitto Kogyo Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2018077464A priority Critical patent/JP7102057B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2019/015780 priority patent/WO2019198791A1/en
Priority to EP19785901.0A priority patent/EP3779479B1/en
Priority to US17/046,184 priority patent/US11209499B2/en
Priority to SG11202010082WA priority patent/SG11202010082WA/en
Publication of JP2019184480A publication Critical patent/JP2019184480A/en
Priority to JP2019196046A priority patent/JP2020025460A/en
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  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
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Abstract

To minimize the chances of detecting a discharge occurring outside a predetermined range.SOLUTION: A discharge detection structure 1 for detecting discharge from noise superimposed on voltage or current of a power line connected to a load is provided, the structure comprising a high-pass filter unit 11 used for detecting superimposed high-frequency-band noise caused by discharge, and a low-pass filter unit 19 capable of cutting off the high-frequency-band noise, the low-pass filter unit being arranged on at least either of a primary side and secondary side of the high-pass filter unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、放電検出構造及び放電検出システムに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a discharge detection structure and a discharge detection system.

一般的に分電盤は、分岐ブレーカを多数備えており、電線で又はコンセントを介して負荷が接続される。ところで、トラッキングや断線などにより放電事故が生じることがある。トラッキングや断線などで放電事故が発生したとき、負荷に接続される電路の電圧又は電流にノイズが重畳する。所定の周波数領域でノイズが発生するため、特許文献１に記載されているように、電路間の電圧から周波数解析を行って放電を検出することがなされている。   Generally, a distribution board is provided with a number of branch breakers, and a load is connected with an electric wire or through an outlet. By the way, a discharge accident may occur due to tracking or disconnection. When a discharge accident occurs due to tracking or disconnection, noise is superimposed on the voltage or current of the electric circuit connected to the load. Since noise is generated in a predetermined frequency region, as described in Patent Document 1, frequency analysis is performed from a voltage between electric circuits to detect discharge.

特開２００９−２７８７４４号公報JP 2009-278744 A

ところで、特許文献１に記載されているような周波数解析を行おうとすると、変換装置が必要となり、費用がかさむ。また、ノイズが他のブレーカから回り込むことにより、放電を検出する虞があった。   By the way, if it is going to perform the frequency analysis which is described in patent document 1, a converter will be needed and cost will increase. In addition, there is a risk that the discharge may be detected when noise circulates from another breaker.

本件の発明者は、この点について鋭意検討することにより、解決を試みた。本発明の課題は、所定の範囲外で発生した放電が検出され難いようにすることにある。   The inventor of the present case tried to solve the problem by diligently examining this point. An object of the present invention is to make it difficult for a discharge generated outside a predetermined range to be detected.

上記課題を解決するため、負荷に接続される電路の電圧又は電流に重畳するノイズから放電を検出する放電検出構造において、放電により重畳された高周波帯域のノイズの検出に用いられるハイパスフィルタ部と、高周波帯域のノイズをカット可能なローパスフィルタ部と、を備え、前記ハイパスフィルタ部の一次側若しくは二次側の少なくとも一方に前記ローパスフィルタ部が配置された放電検出構造とする。   In order to solve the above problem, in a discharge detection structure for detecting discharge from noise superimposed on voltage or current of an electric circuit connected to a load, a high-pass filter unit used for detection of high-frequency band noise superimposed by discharge, And a low-pass filter section capable of cutting high-frequency band noise, and a discharge detection structure in which the low-pass filter section is disposed on at least one of the primary side or the secondary side of the high-pass filter section.

また、ハイパスフィルタ部への通電を検出する検出部と、検出部による通電の検出の有無から放電事故の有無を判定する判定部を備えた構成とすることが好ましい。   In addition, it is preferable to include a detection unit that detects energization of the high-pass filter unit, and a determination unit that determines the presence or absence of a discharge accident based on whether or not the detection unit detects energization.

また、外部に警報表示可能な警報表示部を備え、前記警報表示部は、判定部が放電事故があると判定したときに作動する構成とすることが好ましい。   Further, it is preferable that an alarm display unit capable of displaying an alarm is provided outside, and the alarm display unit is configured to operate when the determination unit determines that there is a discharge accident.

また、上記放電検出構造が、直列に複数配置され、放電検出構造間の放電事故の有無を判定可能な放電検出システムとすることが好ましい。   Further, it is preferable that a plurality of the discharge detection structures are arranged in series, and the discharge detection system can determine whether or not there is a discharge accident between the discharge detection structures.

本発明では、他の回路からのノイズの回り込みを防止しつつ、特定の周波数のみのノイズを検出することにより放電の発生を検出することが可能となる。   In the present invention, it is possible to detect the occurrence of discharge by detecting noise of only a specific frequency while preventing noise from coming from other circuits.

放電検出構造を備えた分岐ブレーカが組み込まれた分電盤を表したブロック図である。It is a block diagram showing the distribution board with which the branch breaker provided with the discharge detection structure was incorporated. 放電検出構造を備えた分岐ブレーカを表したブロック図である。It is a block diagram showing the branch breaker provided with the discharge detection structure. 放電検出構造を備えた放電検出装置とブレーカが接続された状態を表したブロック図である。It is a block diagram showing the state with which the discharge detection apparatus provided with the discharge detection structure and the breaker were connected. 放電検出構造を備えた分岐ブレーカを表したブロック図である。但し、ハイパスフィルタ部をアースに接続している。It is a block diagram showing the branch breaker provided with the discharge detection structure. However, the high pass filter is connected to the ground. 分電盤のリミッタスペースに放電検出構造を配置したことを表す図である。It is a figure showing having arrange | positioned the discharge detection structure in the limiter space of the distribution board. スマートメータと主幹ブレーカに放電検出構造を組み込んだ状態を表す図である。It is a figure showing the state which incorporated the discharge detection structure in the smart meter and the main breaker.

以下に発明を実施するための形態を示す。本実施形態の、負荷に接続される電路の電圧又は電流に重畳するノイズから放電を検出する放電検出構造１は、高周波帯域のノイズを通過させて放電の検出を行うハイパスフィルタ部１１と、放電検出に使用する高周波帯域のノイズをカットするローパスフィルタ部１９と、を備えている。また、このハイパスフィルタ部１１の一次側若しくは二次側の少なくとも一方に、前記ローパスフィルタ部１９が接続されている。このため、前記高周波帯域のみのノイズを前記ハイパスフィルタ部１１で検出することにより放電の発生を検出するとともに、前記ローパスフィルタ部１９により他の回路へのノイズの回り込み、及び、他の回路からのノイズの回り込みを防止することが可能となる。   The form for implementing this invention is shown below. The discharge detection structure 1 for detecting discharge from noise superimposed on the voltage or current of an electric circuit connected to a load according to the present embodiment includes a high-pass filter unit 11 that detects discharge by passing noise in a high frequency band, and discharge And a low-pass filter unit 19 that cuts noise in a high frequency band used for detection. Further, the low-pass filter unit 19 is connected to at least one of the primary side or the secondary side of the high-pass filter unit 11. For this reason, the occurrence of discharge is detected by detecting the noise only in the high frequency band by the high-pass filter unit 11, the noise is circulated to other circuits by the low-pass filter unit 19, and It becomes possible to prevent noise from wrapping around.

図１に示す例では、放電検出構造１は、分電盤７に組み込まれている。特に、負荷９５が接続された分岐ブレーカ９１ｂに組み込まれている。放電検出構造１が組み込まれたブレーカ９１は、ハイパスフィルタ部１１で高周波帯域のノイズを検出した場合に、開閉スイッチ９２を開くようにしている。図２に示すように、この放電検出構造１は、開閉スイッチ９２の二次側に配置されており、ハイパスフィルタ部１１の一次側にローパスフィルタ部１９が位置している。このため、ローパスフィルタ部１９の一次側の放電で発生した場合の高周波帯域のノイズはローパスフィルタ部１９を越えて、ハイパスフィルタ部１１に到達せず、このハイパスフィルタ部１１では検出されない。したがって、負荷９５が接続側で発生したノイズは検出可能とし、負荷９５の一次側のノイズは検出しないため、他の回路で生じた高周波帯域のノイズにより不必要に開閉スイッチ９２が開くことを抑制することができる。なお、図２に示すブレーカ９１には、ハイパスフィルタ部１１の回路への通電を検出する検出部１４と、検出部１４が通電を検出した場合に、トラッキングや断線などの放電事故の有無を判定する判定部１５を備えている。また、ブレーカ９１の外部には警報表示可能な警報表示部８２を備えている。この警報表示部８２は、判定部１５が放電事故があると判定したときに作動する。この警報表示部８２はＬＥＤのように光るものであっても良いし、ボタンが飛び出すような機械的な表示であっても良い。ボタンが飛び出す構造の場合、ブレーカ９１の開閉スイッチ９２がＯＦＦになっていたとしてもボタンを表示させておくことも可能である。   In the example shown in FIG. 1, the discharge detection structure 1 is incorporated in a distribution board 7. In particular, it is incorporated in a branch breaker 91b to which a load 95 is connected. The breaker 91 in which the discharge detection structure 1 is incorporated is configured to open the open / close switch 92 when the high-pass filter unit 11 detects high frequency band noise. As shown in FIG. 2, the discharge detection structure 1 is arranged on the secondary side of the open / close switch 92, and the low-pass filter unit 19 is located on the primary side of the high-pass filter unit 11. For this reason, the noise in the high frequency band generated by the discharge on the primary side of the low-pass filter unit 19 does not reach the high-pass filter unit 11 beyond the low-pass filter unit 19 and is not detected by the high-pass filter unit 11. Therefore, since noise generated on the connection side of the load 95 can be detected and noise on the primary side of the load 95 is not detected, it is possible to prevent the open / close switch 92 from being unnecessarily opened due to high frequency band noise generated in other circuits. can do. Note that the breaker 91 shown in FIG. 2 has a detection unit 14 that detects energization of the circuit of the high-pass filter unit 11 and, when the detection unit 14 detects energization, determines whether or not there is a discharge accident such as tracking or disconnection. The determination unit 15 is provided. In addition, an alarm display unit 82 capable of displaying an alarm is provided outside the breaker 91. This alarm display part 82 operates when the determination part 15 determines that there is a discharge accident. The alarm display unit 82 may be a light emitting device such as an LED, or may be a mechanical display such as a button popping out. In the case where the button pops out, the button can be displayed even if the open / close switch 92 of the breaker 91 is OFF.

開閉スイッチ９２を動作させる遮断部８１は、判定部１５で放電事故検出の判定をした後、判定部１５の信号によりブレーカ９１の機構部を動作させる。開閉スイッチ９２を開くタイミングは必要に応じて設定すれば良く、放電事故検出後、直ぐに開閉スイッチ９２を開くものであっても良いし、放電事故を検出してから所定時間経過後に開閉スイッチ９２を開くものであっても良い。なお、漏電ブレーカ９１の場合は漏電検出装置を動作させて遮断するものでも良い。   The shut-off unit 81 that operates the open / close switch 92 operates the mechanical unit of the breaker 91 based on a signal from the determination unit 15 after the determination unit 15 determines the discharge accident detection. The timing for opening the opening / closing switch 92 may be set as necessary. The opening / closing switch 92 may be opened immediately after the discharge accident is detected, or the opening / closing switch 92 may be opened after a predetermined time has elapsed since the discharge accident was detected. It may be open. In the case of the earth leakage breaker 91, the earth leakage detection device may be operated to shut off.

放電検出構造１はブレーカ９１内などに組み込んだものであっても、別体として形成するものでも良い（図３参照）。放電検出構造１を備えた放電事故検出装置８９を設ければ、この放電事故検出装置８９を配置する位置を選択して取り付けることにより、電路２に対して容易に放電検出構造１を組み付けることができる。また、放電検出構造１はローパスフィルタ部１９とハイパスフィルタ部１１を異なる装置に分けて組み込むものであっても良い。ローパスフィルタ１９の配置側は高周波帯域のノイズがカットされるため、電路の測定側を選択することができる。また、図４に示すことから理解されるように、各電路２に取り付けられるハイパスフィルタ部１１をアースに接続するように形成しても良い。ローパスフィルタ１９は各電路２に直列に形成するものであっても良いし、電路２間に渡すように形成するものであっても良い。   The discharge detection structure 1 may be incorporated in the breaker 91 or the like, or may be formed separately (see FIG. 3). If the discharge accident detection device 89 having the discharge detection structure 1 is provided, the discharge detection structure 1 can be easily assembled to the electric circuit 2 by selecting and attaching the position where the discharge accident detection device 89 is arranged. it can. Moreover, the discharge detection structure 1 may incorporate the low-pass filter unit 19 and the high-pass filter unit 11 separately in different devices. Since the high frequency band noise is cut off on the arrangement side of the low pass filter 19, the measurement side of the electric circuit can be selected. Moreover, as can be understood from FIG. 4, the high-pass filter portion 11 attached to each electric circuit 2 may be formed so as to be connected to the ground. The low pass filter 19 may be formed in series with each electric circuit 2, or may be formed so as to pass between the electric circuits 2.

本実施形態の放電検出構造１に備えられたハイパスフィルタ部１１は、電路２間に渡すように抵抗１２とコンデンサ１３からなるハイパスフィルタ部１１の回路を配置している。また、抵抗１２間の電圧を検出することができる検出部１４を備えている。ハイパスフィルタ部１１に備えられたコンデンサ１３は、交流回路の周波数が高くなったときに電流が流れ、低くなると流れ難いという特性を備えている。このため、低周波帯域では電流が流れず、検出部１４では電流（抵抗１２間の電圧）を検出することができない。一方、高周波帯域では電流が流れ、検出部１４で電流（抵抗１２間の電圧）を検出することができる。したがって、検出部１４による電流通電の有無の検出により放電が発生したか否かを判定することができる。なお、放電によって発生するノイズは電線から空中に放射する高周波帯域の放電ノイズであり、検出部１４はこの高周波帯域の放電ノイズを検出する。周辺に配置した家電の動作などにより発生し得る家電ノイズはこの周波数帯域とは異なる帯域のものであり、ハイパスフィルタ部１１で検出されない。このため、本発明を用いれば、家電ノイズと切り分けて高周波帯域の放電ノイズを検出することができる。   In the high-pass filter unit 11 provided in the discharge detection structure 1 of the present embodiment, a circuit of the high-pass filter unit 11 including a resistor 12 and a capacitor 13 is disposed so as to pass between the electric paths 2. Moreover, the detection part 14 which can detect the voltage between the resistances 12 is provided. The capacitor 13 provided in the high-pass filter unit 11 has a characteristic that current flows when the frequency of the AC circuit is increased and is difficult to flow when the frequency is decreased. For this reason, no current flows in the low frequency band, and the detection unit 14 cannot detect the current (voltage between the resistors 12). On the other hand, current flows in the high frequency band, and the current (voltage between the resistors 12) can be detected by the detection unit 14. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether or not a discharge has occurred by detecting whether or not current is applied by the detection unit 14. The noise generated by the discharge is high-frequency band discharge noise radiated from the electric wire into the air, and the detection unit 14 detects this high-frequency band discharge noise. Home appliance noise that may occur due to the operation of home appliances arranged in the vicinity is in a band different from this frequency band, and is not detected by the high-pass filter unit 11. For this reason, if this invention is used, it can isolate from household appliance noise and can detect the discharge noise of a high frequency band.

図５に示すことから理解されるように、放電検出構造１の配置には、分電盤７のリミッタスペース９３を利用することもできる。その場合、リードバーの代わりに電線によって配線を行い、放電検出構造１の二次側以降の放電を検出するように構成することが好ましい。   As understood from FIG. 5, the limiter space 93 of the distribution board 7 can be used for the arrangement of the discharge detection structure 1. In that case, it is preferable to configure so as to detect the discharge after the secondary side of the discharge detection structure 1 by wiring with an electric wire instead of the lead bar.

図６に示すことから理解されるように、放電検出構造１が、直列に複数配置されたものとしても良い。この場合、放電検出構造１間の放電の有無を判定可能な放電検出システム９９とすることができる。なお、図６に示す例ではスマートメータ６１と主幹ブレーカ９１ａの双方に放電検出構造１が組み込まれており、スマートメータ６１と主幹ブレーカ９１ａの間の異常を特定できるものとしている。詳しくは、スマートメータ６１に形成される放電検出構造１のハイパスフィルタ部１１は、ローパスフィルタ部１９によりスマートメータ６１の一次側の高周波帯域のノイズをカットし、主幹ブレーカ９のローパスフィルタ１９により主幹ブレーカ９１ａの二次側の高周波帯域のノイズをカットするものであるため、スマートメータ６１と主幹ブレーカ９１ａの間の異常を特定できるものである。   As understood from FIG. 6, a plurality of discharge detection structures 1 may be arranged in series. In this case, the discharge detection system 99 can determine whether or not there is a discharge between the discharge detection structures 1. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the discharge detection structure 1 is incorporated in both the smart meter 61 and the main breaker 91a, and an abnormality between the smart meter 61 and the main breaker 91a can be specified. Specifically, the high-pass filter unit 11 of the discharge detection structure 1 formed in the smart meter 61 cuts high-frequency band noise on the primary side of the smart meter 61 by the low-pass filter unit 19, and the master by the low-pass filter 19 of the master breaker 9. Since the noise in the high frequency band on the secondary side of the breaker 91a is cut, an abnormality between the smart meter 61 and the main breaker 91a can be specified.

なお、放電検出構造１はハイパスフィルタ部１１の一次側にローパスフィルタ部１９を配置するものである必要は無く、ハイパスフィルタ部１１の二次側にローパスフィルタ部１９を配置するものとしても良い。ハイパスフィルタ部１１の二次側にローパスフィルタ部１９を配置した場合には、負荷側で発生した場合の高周波帯域のノイズはローパスフィルタ部１９を越えて、ハイパスフィルタに到達せず、ハイパスフィルタ部１１の一次側で生じる高周波帯域のノイズを検出することができるものである。   The discharge detection structure 1 does not have to be the low-pass filter unit 19 disposed on the primary side of the high-pass filter unit 11, and the low-pass filter unit 19 may be disposed on the secondary side of the high-pass filter unit 11. When the low-pass filter unit 19 is arranged on the secondary side of the high-pass filter unit 11, the noise in the high frequency band when generated on the load side exceeds the low-pass filter unit 19 and does not reach the high-pass filter. 11 is capable of detecting high frequency band noise generated on the primary side.

また、電路２に流れている電流にも、放電ノイズが重畳されるため、電流検出器９７を用いてノイズが加えられていることを検出するようにすれば、より正確に放電の発生を検出できる。   In addition, since discharge noise is also superimposed on the current flowing in the electric circuit 2, if the current detector 97 is used to detect that noise is added, the occurrence of discharge can be detected more accurately. it can.

以上、実施形態を例に挙げて本発明について説明してきたが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されることはなく、各種の態様とすることが可能である。   As described above, the present invention has been described by taking the embodiment as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various aspects can be adopted.

１ 放電検出構造
１１ ハイパスフィルタ部
１４ 検出部
１５ 判定部
１９ ローパスフィルタ部
８２ 警報表示部
９９ 放電検出システム DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Discharge detection structure 11 High pass filter part 14 Detection part 15 Determination part 19 Low pass filter part 82 Alarm display part 99 Discharge detection system

Claims (4)

負荷に接続される電路の電圧又は電流に重畳するノイズから放電を検出する放電検出構造において、
放電により重畳された高周波帯域のノイズの検出に用いられるハイパスフィルタ部と、
高周波帯域のノイズをカット可能なローパスフィルタ部と、
を備え、
前記ハイパスフィルタ部の一次側若しくは二次側の少なくとも一方に前記ローパスフィルタ部が配置された放電検出構造。 In the discharge detection structure for detecting discharge from noise superimposed on the voltage or current of the electric circuit connected to the load,
A high-pass filter unit used for detection of noise in a high frequency band superimposed by discharge;
A low-pass filter that can cut high-frequency noise;
With
A discharge detection structure in which the low-pass filter unit is disposed on at least one of a primary side or a secondary side of the high-pass filter unit. ハイパスフィルタ部への通電を検出する検出部と、
検出部による通電の検出の有無から放電事故の有無を判定する判定部を備えた請求項１記載の放電検出構造。 A detection unit for detecting energization to the high-pass filter unit;
The discharge detection structure of Claim 1 provided with the determination part which determines the presence or absence of a discharge accident from the presence or absence of the detection of electricity supply by a detection part. 外部に警報表示可能な警報表示部を備え、
前記警報表示部は、判定部が放電事故があると判定したときに作動する請求項２に記載の放電検出構造。 It has an alarm display unit that can display alarms externally.
The discharge detection structure according to claim 2, wherein the alarm display unit is activated when the determination unit determines that there is a discharge accident. 請求項１〜３の何れかに記載の放電検出構造が、直列に複数配置され、放電検出構造間の放電事故の有無を判定可能な放電検出システム。   A discharge detection system in which a plurality of the discharge detection structures according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are arranged in series, and the presence or absence of a discharge accident between the discharge detection structures can be determined.
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