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JP2019161690A - Power supply device of power-assisted light vehicle - Google Patents

Power supply device of power-assisted light vehicle Download PDF

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JP2019161690A
JP2019161690A JP2018040613A JP2018040613A JP2019161690A JP 2019161690 A JP2019161690 A JP 2019161690A JP 2018040613 A JP2018040613 A JP 2018040613A JP 2018040613 A JP2018040613 A JP 2018040613A JP 2019161690 A JP2019161690 A JP 2019161690A
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power supply
wheel
power
relay coil
ferrite core
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JP7126677B2 (en
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正太郎 鈴木
Seitaro Suzuki
正太郎 鈴木
裕良 金子
Hiroyoshi Kaneko
裕良 金子
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BERUNIKUSU KK
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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Abstract

【課題】車輪にアルミなどの導電性リムを用いた電動アシスト軽車両において、駐輪時に伝送の損失が少なく、効率よく給電することを可能にした給電装置を提供する。
【解決手段】電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置９は、駐輪装置１６に設けた電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置の給電コイル１７と、電動アシスト軽車両の車輪１４に設けた中継コイル１１を磁気結合して電力を伝送する。給電装置は、車輪の両側に隙間をもって対峙して配置されたフェライトコア２２と、このフェライトコアに巻回した給電コイルと、フェライトコアの給電コイルを巻回しないで露出した磁界発生のための磁極部２２ａとを有する。この磁極部と、車輪の導電性のリム１８と、の間を３ｍｍ以上、好ましくは、８ｍｍ以上離して形成する。
【選択図】図２An electric power assisted light vehicle using a conductive rim such as aluminum on a wheel provides a power supply device that can efficiently supply power with little transmission loss when parked.
A power supply device for an electrically assisted light vehicle is magnetically coupled to a power supply coil of a power supply device for an electrically assisted light vehicle provided in a bicycle parking device and a relay coil provided to a wheel of an electrically assisted light vehicle. To transmit power. The power feeding device includes a ferrite core 22 arranged on both sides of a wheel with a gap therebetween, a power feeding coil wound around the ferrite core, and a magnetic pole for generating a magnetic field exposed without winding the power feeding coil of the ferrite core. Part 22a. The magnetic pole part and the conductive rim 18 of the wheel are formed at a distance of 3 mm or more, preferably 8 mm or more.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

本発明は、電動モーターで駆動力の一部をアシストする自転車や車椅子等の軽車両において、その軽車両の駐輪中に、搭載したバッテリーに効率よく充電することを可能にした電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a light vehicle such as a bicycle or a wheelchair that assists a part of driving force with an electric motor, and can efficiently charge a mounted battery while the light vehicle is parked. The present invention relates to a power supply apparatus.

駐輪中に、搭載したバッテリーに充電することを可能にした電動自転車が知られている（特許文献１）。
図１５に示すように、この電動自転車１０には、車輪１４のリム１８に互いに周方向に隣接して複数個の中継コイル１１を配置し、また、フレーム１９には、前記中継コイル１１の両側に対峙して受電コイル１２が取り付けられている。この受電コイル１２は、ケーブル１５によりバッテリー１３に接続されている。
前記電動自転車１０の駐輪装置１６の路面には、前記前輪１４の両側に位置して給電コイル１７が埋設されている。 2. Description of the Related Art An electric bicycle that can charge an installed battery while parking is known (Patent Document 1).
As shown in FIG. 15, in this electric bicycle 10, a plurality of relay coils 11 are disposed adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction on the rim 18 of the wheel 14, and both sides of the relay coil 11 are disposed on a frame 19. A power receiving coil 12 is attached to face the above. The power receiving coil 12 is connected to the battery 13 by a cable 15.
On the road surface of the bicycle parking device 16 of the electric bicycle 10, power supply coils 17 are embedded on both sides of the front wheel 14.

このような構成において、２つの給電コイル１７にそれぞれ１８０度異なる位相で電流を流すことにより、これら２つの給電コイル１７の間に図中矢印のように磁界２１が生成される。この磁界２１のほとんどは、路面の近傍に配置されている中継コイル１１に伝達される。路面からの距離と磁束密度の関係は、路面からの距離が近いほど大きくなる、とするものである。   In such a configuration, a current 21 is generated between the two power supply coils 17 as indicated by arrows in the figure by passing currents through the two power supply coils 17 at a phase different by 180 degrees. Most of the magnetic field 21 is transmitted to the relay coil 11 disposed in the vicinity of the road surface. The relationship between the distance from the road surface and the magnetic flux density is assumed to increase as the distance from the road surface decreases.

特開２０１７−９３１１３号公報JP 2017-93113 A

特許文献１に示す電動自転車１０の給電装置は、リム１８が金属製など導電率の高い材料からなる場合には、給電効率が極めて低いという問題を有することが判明した。
多くの自転車の車輪には、アルミリムが用いられており、特許文献１に示すような給電装置をアルミリムの自転車に採用しようとすると、路面に近い磁界２１がアルミリムを通過し、中継コイルとの結合係数が極端に低下する。
この事実を実証するため、図１３に示すような給電装置を用いて非接触給電のコイル同士の結合率が低下することを以下の実験により検証した。 It has been found that the power supply device of the electric bicycle 10 shown in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the power supply efficiency is extremely low when the rim 18 is made of a material having high conductivity such as metal.
An aluminum rim is used for many bicycle wheels, and when a power feeding device as shown in Patent Document 1 is to be adopted for an aluminum rim bicycle, a magnetic field 21 close to the road surface passes through the aluminum rim and is coupled to a relay coil. The coefficient decreases extremely.
In order to verify this fact, it was verified by the following experiment that the coupling rate between the coils of the non-contact power feeding decreases using the power feeding device as shown in FIG.

図１３において、コ字形のフェライトコア２２に給電コイル１７を巻回した給電装置を用い、この給電装置にインバータ電源２３から電力を供給し、車輪部分に設置した円形の中継コイル１１に送電し、この中継コイル１１から車軸に設けた回転型非接触受電コイル１２を介在してバッテリー１３に給電するものとする。
このような構成において、リム１８がアルミからなる場合、大半の磁界２１がアルミリムを通過し、中継コイル１１との結合係数ｋが０．０３３０と極端に低く、給電効率ηが１６．８％に低下することが判明した。 In FIG. 13, a power supply device in which a power supply coil 17 is wound around a U-shaped ferrite core 22 is used, power is supplied to the power supply device from an inverter power supply 23, and the power is transmitted to a circular relay coil 11 installed on a wheel portion. It is assumed that power is supplied to the battery 13 from the relay coil 11 via a rotary non-contact power receiving coil 12 provided on the axle.
In such a configuration, when the rim 18 is made of aluminum, most of the magnetic field 21 passes through the aluminum rim, the coupling coefficient k with the relay coil 11 is extremely low as 0.0330, and the feeding efficiency η is 16.8%. It turned out to be reduced.

本発明は、車輪にアルミなどの導電性リムを用いた電動アシスト軽車両において、駐輪時に伝送損失が少なく、効率よく給電することを可能にした給電装置を提供することを目的とするものである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device that can efficiently supply power in a power-assisted light vehicle using a conductive rim such as aluminum as a wheel with little transmission loss when parked. is there.

本発明は、
駐輪装置１６に設けた電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の給電コイル１７と、前記電動アシスト軽車両１０の車輪１４に設けた中継コイル１１を磁気結合して電力を伝送するようにした電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置９において、
前記給電装置９は、前記車輪１４の両側に隙間をもって対峙して配置されたフェライトコア２２と、このフェライトコア２２に巻回した前記給電コイル１７と、前記フェライトコア２２の前記給電コイル１７を巻回しないで露出した磁界発生のための磁極部２２ａとを有し、この磁極部２２ａと前記車輪１４の導電性のリム１８との間を３ｍｍ以上離して形成したことを特徴とする。 The present invention
Electricity is generated by magnetically coupling the power supply coil 17 of the power supply device 9 of the electric assist light vehicle 10 provided in the bicycle parking device 16 and the relay coil 11 provided on the wheel 14 of the electric assist light vehicle 10 to transmit electric power. In the power supply device 9 for the assist light vehicle,
The power supply device 9 includes a ferrite core 22 disposed on both sides of the wheel 14 with a gap therebetween, the power supply coil 17 wound around the ferrite core 22, and the power supply coil 17 of the ferrite core 22 wound. And a magnetic pole portion 22a for generating a magnetic field exposed without rotating, and the magnetic pole portion 22a and the conductive rim 18 of the wheel 14 are formed at a distance of 3 mm or more.

前記フェライトコア２２は、両側に隙間をもって車輪１４が入れるようにコの字形に形成し、この両側のフェライトコア２２の上部に、磁極部２２ａを形成したことを特徴とする。   The ferrite core 22 is formed in a U shape so that the wheel 14 can enter with a gap on both sides, and a magnetic pole portion 22a is formed on the upper portion of the ferrite core 22 on both sides.

他の例として、前記フェライトコア２２は、両側に隙間をもって車輪１４が入れるような２個の別部材からなり、それぞれのフェライトコア２２の上部に、磁極部２２ａを形成したことを特徴とする。   As another example, the ferrite core 22 is composed of two separate members that allow the wheel 14 to enter with a gap on both sides, and a magnetic pole portion 22 a is formed on the upper portion of each ferrite core 22.

前記中継コイル１１は、前記車輪１４と一体に回転するように、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に配置され、この中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサ２９を介在して２段目の中継コイル１１ｘを接続し、この２段目の中継コイル１１ｘに受電コイル１２を磁気結合してなることを特徴とする。   The relay coil 11 is disposed in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a so as to rotate integrally with the wheel 14, and a second stage relay coil 11x is interposed at the other end of the relay coil 11 with a capacitor 29 interposed therebetween. And the power receiving coil 12 is magnetically coupled to the second-stage relay coil 11x.

前記中継コイル１１は、前記車両１０のフレーム１９と一体に固定的に取り付けてもよく、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に配置され、この中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサを介在して出力してなることを特徴とする。   The relay coil 11 may be fixedly attached integrally with the frame 19 of the vehicle 10 and is disposed in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a. The relay coil 11 is output to the other end of the relay coil 11 via a capacitor. It is characterized by.

前記中継コイル１１は、前記車輪１４と一体に回転するように、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に所定の間隔で複数個を相互に並列に配置され、これらの中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサを介在して２段目の中継コイル１１ｘを接続し、この２段目の中継コイル１１ｘに受電コイル１２を磁気結合してなることを特徴とする。   A plurality of relay coils 11 are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a so as to rotate integrally with the wheel 14, and a capacitor is connected to the other end of these relay coils 11. The second-stage relay coil 11x is connected through the relay, and the power receiving coil 12 is magnetically coupled to the second-stage relay coil 11x.

前記磁極部２２ａと前記車輪１４の導電性のリム１８との間を少なくとも８ｍｍ離して形成したことを特徴とする。   The magnetic pole portion 22a and the conductive rim 18 of the wheel 14 are formed at least 8 mm apart.

前記フェライトコア２２に車輪１４を入れたときの両側に隙間は、１０〜３０ｍｍとしたことを特徴とする。   The gap on both sides when the wheel 14 is put in the ferrite core 22 is 10 to 30 mm.

請求項１記載の発明は、
駐輪装置１６に設けた電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の給電コイル１７と、前記電動アシスト軽車両１０の車輪１４に設けた中継コイル１１を磁気結合して電力を伝送するようにした電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置９において、
前記給電装置９は、前記車輪１４の両側に隙間をもって対峙して配置されたフェライトコア２２と、このフェライトコア２２に巻回した前記給電コイル１７と、前記フェライトコア２２の前記給電コイル１７を巻回しないで露出した磁界発生のための磁極部２２ａとを有し、この磁極部２２ａと前記車輪１４の導電性のリム１８との間を３ｍｍ以上離して形成したので、車輪１４に導電性のリム１８を有するものであっても、電力伝送の損失が少なく、かつ、結合効率の高い給電装置を提供することができる。 The invention described in claim 1
Electricity is generated by magnetically coupling the power supply coil 17 of the power supply device 9 of the electric assist light vehicle 10 provided in the bicycle parking device 16 and the relay coil 11 provided on the wheel 14 of the electric assist light vehicle 10 to transmit electric power. In the power supply device 9 for the assist light vehicle,
The power supply device 9 includes a ferrite core 22 disposed on both sides of the wheel 14 with a gap therebetween, the power supply coil 17 wound around the ferrite core 22, and the power supply coil 17 of the ferrite core 22 wound. A magnetic pole portion 22a for generating a magnetic field exposed without rotating, and the magnetic pole portion 22a and the conductive rim 18 of the wheel 14 are formed with a distance of 3 mm or more. Even with the rim 18, it is possible to provide a power feeding device with low power transmission loss and high coupling efficiency.

請求項２記載の発明は、
前記フェライトコア２２は、両側に隙間をもって車輪１４が入れるようにコの字形に形成し、この両側のフェライトコア２２の上部に、磁極部２２ａを形成したので、給電装置を簡単な構成とすることができる。 The invention according to claim 2
The ferrite core 22 is formed in a U shape so that the wheel 14 can be inserted with a gap on both sides, and the magnetic pole portion 22a is formed on the upper portion of the ferrite core 22 on both sides, so that the power feeding device has a simple configuration. Can do.

請求項３記載の発明は、
前記フェライトコア２２は、両側に隙間をもって車輪１４が入れるような２個の別部材からなり、それぞれのフェライトコア２２の上部に、磁極部２２ａを形成したので、車輪１４が入れる隙間Ｂを車輪の幅に応じて構成でき、しかも伝送の損失が少なく、かつ、効率の良い構成とすることができる。 The invention described in claim 3
The ferrite core 22 is composed of two separate members that allow the wheel 14 to enter with gaps on both sides. Since the magnetic pole portion 22a is formed on the upper portion of each ferrite core 22, the gap B into which the wheel 14 is inserted is formed in the wheel. It can be configured according to the width, and the transmission loss can be reduced and the configuration can be improved.

請求項４の発明によれば、
前記中継コイル１１は、前記車輪１４と一体に回転するように、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に配置され、この中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサ２９を介在して２段目の中継コイル１１ｘを接続し、この２段目の中継コイル１１ｘに受電コイル１２を磁気結合したので、磁界による伝送距離を広く設定することができる。 According to the invention of claim 4,
The relay coil 11 is disposed in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a so as to rotate integrally with the wheel 14, and a second stage relay coil 11x is interposed at the other end of the relay coil 11 with a capacitor 29 interposed therebetween. Since the power receiving coil 12 is magnetically coupled to the second-stage relay coil 11x, the transmission distance by the magnetic field can be set wide.

請求項５の発明によれば、
前記中継コイル１１は、前記車両１０のフレーム１９と一体に固定的に、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に配置され、この中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサを介在して出力したので、駐輪時に中継コイル１１が１個でも給電装置との位置合わせが必要なくなる。 According to the invention of claim 5,
Since the relay coil 11 is fixedly integrated with the frame 19 of the vehicle 10 and is disposed in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a, and output to the other end of the relay coil 11 via a capacitor. Sometimes even one relay coil 11 does not need to be aligned with the power feeding device.

請求項６の記載によれば、
前記中継コイル１１は、前記車輪１４と一体に回転するように、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に所定の間隔で複数個を相互に並列に配置され、これらの中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサを介在して２段目の中継コイル１１ｘを接続し、この２段目の中継コイル１１ｘに受電コイル１２を磁気結合したので、駐輪時に複数個のうちのいずれかの中継コイル１１が給電装置と磁気結合し、位置合わせが必要なくなる。また、車輪１４の回転バランスに偏りがなくなる。 According to the description of claim 6,
A plurality of relay coils 11 are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a so as to rotate integrally with the wheel 14, and a capacitor is connected to the other end of these relay coils 11. Is connected to the second-stage relay coil 11x, and the power-receiving coil 12 is magnetically coupled to the second-stage relay coil 11x. Is magnetically coupled, eliminating the need for alignment. In addition, there is no bias in the rotational balance of the wheels 14.

請求項７の記載によれば、
前記磁極部２２ａと前記車輪１４の導電性のリム１８との間を少なくとも８ｍｍ離して形成したので、導電性のリム１８による悪影響を排除し、伝送の損失が少なく、かつ、磁気結合効率の良い構成とすることができる。 According to the description of claim 7,
Since the magnetic pole portion 22a and the conductive rim 18 of the wheel 14 are formed at a distance of at least 8 mm, adverse effects due to the conductive rim 18 are eliminated, transmission loss is small, and magnetic coupling efficiency is good. It can be configured.

請求項８の記載によれば、
前記フェライトコア２２に車輪１４を入れたときの両側に隙間は、１０〜３０ｍｍとしたので、車輪１４の幅の異なる多くの車両に対応することができる。 According to the description of claim 8,
Since the gap on both sides when the wheel 14 is put into the ferrite core 22 is 10 to 30 mm, it can be applied to many vehicles having different widths of the wheel 14.

本発明による電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の実施例１を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows Example 1 of the electric power feeder 9 of the electrically assisted light vehicle 10 by this invention. 図１における本発明による電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view of the electric power feeder 9 of the electrically assisted light vehicle 10 by this invention in FIG. 図１における本発明による電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の等価回路図である。FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the power feeding device 9 of the electrically assisted light vehicle 10 according to the present invention in FIG. 1. 本発明による電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の実施例２を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows Example 2 of the electric power feeder 9 of the electrically assisted light vehicle 10 by this invention. 本発明による電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の実施例３を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows Example 3 of the electric power feeder 9 of the electrically assisted light vehicle 10 by this invention. 図５における本発明による電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view of the electric power feeder 9 of the electrically assisted light vehicle 10 by this invention in FIG. 図５における本発明による電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の等価回路図である。FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the power feeding device 9 of the electrically assisted light vehicle 10 according to the present invention in FIG. 5. 本発明による電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の実施例４を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows Example 4 of the electric power feeder 9 of the electrically assisted light vehicle 10 by this invention. 本発明による電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の実施例５を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows Example 5 of the electric power feeder 9 of the electrically assisted light vehicle 10 by this invention. 図９における本発明による電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の等価回路図である。FIG. 10 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the power feeding device 9 of the electrically assisted light vehicle 10 according to the present invention in FIG. 9. （ａ）（ｂ）（ｃ）は、それぞれ異なる隙間Ｂ毎のトランス損失比較図である。(A) (b) (c) is a transformer loss comparison diagram for each different gap B. FIG. （ａ）（ｂ）（ｃ）は、それぞれ異なる隙間Ｂ毎のトランス効率比較図である。(A) (b) (c) is a transformer efficiency comparison diagram for each different gap B. アルミリムの場合の結合効率の実験のための断面図である。It is sectional drawing for the experiment of the coupling efficiency in the case of an aluminum rim. アルミとフェライトコアとの磁界の通過を測定するための給電側と受電側のトランスの断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a transformer on a power supply side and a power reception side for measuring passage of a magnetic field between aluminum and a ferrite core. 従来の給電装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the conventional electric power feeder.

本発明は、
駐輪装置１６に設けた電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の給電コイル１７と、前記電動アシスト軽車両１０の車輪１４に設けた中継コイル１１を磁気結合して電力を伝送するようにした電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置９において、
前記給電装置９は、前記車輪１４の両側に隙間をもって対峙して配置されたフェライトコア２２と、このフェライトコア２２に巻回した前記給電コイル１７と、前記フェライトコア２２の前記給電コイル１７を巻回しないで露出した磁界発生のための磁極部２２ａとを有し、この磁極部２２ａと前記車輪１４の導電性のリム１８との間を３ｍｍ以上、好ましくは、８ｍｍ以上離して形成する。 The present invention
Electricity is generated by magnetically coupling the power supply coil 17 of the power supply device 9 of the electric assist light vehicle 10 provided in the bicycle parking device 16 and the relay coil 11 provided on the wheel 14 of the electric assist light vehicle 10 to transmit electric power. In the power supply device 9 for the assist light vehicle,
The power supply device 9 includes a ferrite core 22 disposed on both sides of the wheel 14 with a gap therebetween, the power supply coil 17 wound around the ferrite core 22, and the power supply coil 17 of the ferrite core 22 wound. A magnetic pole portion 22a for generating a magnetic field exposed without rotating is formed, and the magnetic pole portion 22a and the conductive rim 18 of the wheel 14 are formed at a distance of 3 mm or more, preferably 8 mm or more.

前記フェライトコア２２は、両側に隙間をもって車輪１４が入れるようにコの字形に形成し、この両側のフェライトコア２２の上部に、磁極部２２ａを形成してもよく、また、前記フェライトコア２２は、両側に隙間をもって車輪１４が入れるような２個の別部材からなり、それぞれのフェライトコア２２の上部に、磁極部２２ａを形成してもよい。   The ferrite core 22 may be formed in a U shape so that the wheel 14 can be inserted with a gap on both sides, and a magnetic pole portion 22a may be formed on the upper portion of the ferrite core 22 on both sides. The magnetic pole portion 22 a may be formed on the upper portion of each ferrite core 22, which is composed of two separate members that allow the wheel 14 to enter with a gap on both sides.

前記中継コイル１１は、前記車輪１４と一体に回転するように、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に配置され、この中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサ２９を介在して２段目の中継コイル１１ｘを接続し、この２段目の中継コイル１１ｘに受電コイル１２を磁気結合して構成する。
また、前記中継コイル１１は、前記車両１０のフレーム１９と一体に固定的に、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に配置され、この中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサを介在して出力してなるものとすることができる。 The relay coil 11 is disposed in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a so as to rotate integrally with the wheel 14, and a second stage relay coil 11x is interposed at the other end of the relay coil 11 with a capacitor 29 interposed therebetween. And the power receiving coil 12 is magnetically coupled to the second-stage relay coil 11x.
Further, the relay coil 11 is fixedly integrated with the frame 19 of the vehicle 10 and is disposed in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a, and is output to the other end of the relay coil 11 via a capacitor. Can be.

前記中継コイル１１は、前記車輪１４と一体に回転するように、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に所定の間隔で複数個を相互に並列に配置され、これらの中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサを介在して２段目の中継コイル１１ｘを接続し、この２段目の中継コイル１１ｘに受電コイル１２を磁気結合する。
前記フェライトコア２２に車輪１４を入れたときの両側に隙間は、１０〜３０ｍｍとすることが好ましい。 A plurality of relay coils 11 are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a so as to rotate integrally with the wheel 14, and a capacitor is connected to the other end of these relay coils 11. Is connected to the second-stage relay coil 11x, and the power receiving coil 12 is magnetically coupled to the second-stage relay coil 11x.
It is preferable that the gap between both sides when the wheel 14 is put into the ferrite core 22 is 10 to 30 mm.

本発明の実施例１を図面に基づき説明する。電動アシスト軽車両が電動自転車である場合を例にするが、車椅子その他の電動アシスト軽車両を含むものとする。
図１から図３において、駐輪装置１６の車止め２０に電動自転車１０の車輪１４を駐輪したとき、車輪１４が入り込む位置に、本発明の電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９が設置される。
この電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９は、タイヤ２５とリム１８からなる車輪１４が余裕をもって入り込めるように、両側に隙間Ｂを持ったコ字形のフェライトコア２２と、このフェライトコア２２の両側に分割して巻かれた給電コイル１７とからなり、このフェライトコア２２の両側上部には、それぞれ給電コイル１７を巻回していない磁界発生のための磁極部２２ａを形成し、これらの磁極部２２ａの間の磁界中に中継コイル１１を配置する。この中継コイル１１は、前記リム１８と車軸２７との間のホーク２４の両側に取り付けられる。
前記給電コイル１７には、コンデンサ２８を介してインバータ電源２３が接続される。
なお、前記フェライトコア２２は、コ字形に一体に連結しているものに限られず、両側のフェライトコア２２、２２が互いに独立して対峙しているものであってもよい。
また、中継コイル１１は、前記リム１８と車軸２７との間のホーク２４の片側だけに取り付けたものであってもよい。 A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The case where the electrically assisted light vehicle is an electric bicycle is taken as an example, but includes a wheelchair and other electrically assisted light vehicles.
1 to 3, when the wheel 14 of the electric bicycle 10 is parked on the car stop 20 of the parking device 16, the power feeding device 9 of the electric assist light vehicle 10 of the present invention is installed at a position where the wheel 14 enters. .
The power supply device 9 of the electric assist light vehicle 10 includes a U-shaped ferrite core 22 having a gap B on both sides so that the wheel 14 including the tire 25 and the rim 18 can enter with sufficient margin, and both sides of the ferrite core 22. A magnetic pole portion 22a for generating a magnetic field that is not wound around the power supply coil 17 is formed on both upper sides of the ferrite core 22, respectively. The relay coil 11 is arranged in the magnetic field between. The relay coil 11 is attached to both sides of the hawk 24 between the rim 18 and the axle 27.
An inverter power supply 23 is connected to the power supply coil 17 via a capacitor 28.
The ferrite core 22 is not limited to one integrally connected in a U-shape, and the ferrite cores 22 on both sides may be opposed to each other independently.
The relay coil 11 may be attached only to one side of the hawk 24 between the rim 18 and the axle 27.

以上のような構成による電力伝送の作用を説明する。
駐輪装置１６における給電装置９に、電動自転車１０の車輪１４を入れて、給電装置９にスイッチを入れると、インバータ電源２３からの高周波信号が給電コイル１７に加えられ、ＬＣ発振回路で発振してフェライトコア２２における磁極部２２ａ間に磁界２１が交互に発生する。この磁界２１が中継コイル１１を通過してこの中継コイル１１にて給電装置９からの電力を取得し、さらに２段目の中継コイル１１ｘと受電コイル１２の磁気結合により受電コイル１２に電力が伝送され、整流平滑回路３１で整流平滑化してバッテリー１３に充電する。
ここで、磁気結合時の損失を抑制し、効率的に電力を伝送するための機構を説明する。 The effect | action of the electric power transmission by the above structures is demonstrated.
When the wheel 14 of the electric bicycle 10 is inserted into the power supply device 9 in the bicycle parking device 16 and the power supply device 9 is switched on, a high-frequency signal from the inverter power supply 23 is applied to the power supply coil 17 and oscillates in the LC oscillation circuit. Thus, the magnetic field 21 is alternately generated between the magnetic pole portions 22 a of the ferrite core 22. The magnetic field 21 passes through the relay coil 11, acquires power from the power feeding device 9 by the relay coil 11, and further transmits power to the power receiving coil 12 by magnetic coupling between the second-stage relay coil 11 x and the power receiving coil 12. Then, the battery 13 is rectified and smoothed by the rectifying and smoothing circuit 31 to charge the battery 13.
Here, a mechanism for efficiently transmitting power while suppressing loss during magnetic coupling will be described.

前記フェライトコア２２の両側上部の磁極部２２ａは、この磁極部２２ａの下端部からリム１８までに距離Ａをおき、リム１８に磁界ができるだけ通過しないようにすることが望ましい。また、前記フェライトコア２２の幅は、駐輪した車輪１４との間に隙間Ｂを持つように設定する。この隙間Ｂは、種々の幅の車輪が入り込めるものであることか必要である。これらの距離Ａと隙間Ｂは、後述する方法で設定する。
前記中継コイル１１は、車軸２７に取り付けられた２段目の中継コイル１１ｘにコンデンサ２９を介して接続され、この２段目の中継コイル１１ｘは、車両１０のフレーム１９に取り付けられた受電コイル１２と磁気結合している。 It is desirable that the magnetic pole portions 22a on both sides of the ferrite core 22 have a distance A from the lower end portion of the magnetic pole portion 22a to the rim 18 so that the magnetic field does not pass through the rim 18 as much as possible. Further, the width of the ferrite core 22 is set so as to have a gap B with the parked wheel 14. This gap B needs to be able to accommodate wheels of various widths. These distance A and gap B are set by a method described later.
The relay coil 11 is connected to a second-stage relay coil 11x attached to the axle 27 via a capacitor 29. The second-stage relay coil 11x is connected to the power receiving coil 12 attached to the frame 19 of the vehicle 10. Are magnetically coupled.

前記給電装置９は、図３に示すような等価回路で表される。この図３において、商用電源が力率改善回路３０を介してインバータ電源２３に供給され、このフェライトコア２２で高周波数に変換され、コンデンサ２８と給電コイル１７で構成されたＬＣ発振回路で発振する。前記フェライトコア２２の発振周波数は、高い周波数にすることで給電装置９を小型化して伝送距離を増やすことが可能になるが、発振回路の構成が難しくなり、また、低い発信周波数のままで伝送距離を延ばすと、給電装置９全体が大型になる。そのため、５０ｋＨｚ〜２００ｋＨｚ程度、具体的には、８５ｋＨｚに設定している。
前記給電コイル１７に磁気結合された中継コイル１１と２段目の中継コイル１１ｘとコンデンサ２９からなる２段方式のＬＣ回路は、さらに、受電コイル１２とコンデンサ３２からなるＬＣ回路に磁気結合される。 The power feeding device 9 is represented by an equivalent circuit as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, commercial power is supplied to an inverter power supply 23 via a power factor correction circuit 30, converted to a high frequency by the ferrite core 22, and oscillated by an LC oscillation circuit composed of a capacitor 28 and a power feeding coil 17. . By setting the oscillation frequency of the ferrite core 22 to a high frequency, it is possible to reduce the size of the power feeding device 9 and increase the transmission distance. However, it becomes difficult to configure the oscillation circuit, and transmission is performed with a low transmission frequency. If the distance is extended, the entire power feeding device 9 becomes large. Therefore, it is set to about 50 kHz to 200 kHz, specifically 85 kHz.
The two-stage LC circuit including the relay coil 11, the second-stage relay coil 11 x magnetically coupled to the power supply coil 17, and the capacitor 29 is further magnetically coupled to the LC circuit including the power receiving coil 12 and the capacitor 32. .

前記磁極部２２ａの下端部からリム１８までの距離Ａは、磁気結合係数ｋと給電効率ηを考慮すると、８ｍｍ程度とすることが好ましく、また、前記フェライトコア２２と駐輪した車輪１４との隙間Ｂは、車輪１４の太さや駐輪時の電動自転車１０の出し入れの容易さなどによって異なるが、１０〜３０ｍｍとすることが好ましい。   The distance A from the lower end of the magnetic pole portion 22a to the rim 18 is preferably about 8 mm in consideration of the magnetic coupling coefficient k and the power feeding efficiency η, and the distance between the ferrite core 22 and the parked wheel 14 is preferably about 8 mm. The gap B varies depending on the thickness of the wheel 14 and ease of taking in and out of the electric bicycle 10 during parking, but is preferably 10 to 30 mm.

前記距離Ａと隙間Ｂを設定するための実験の結果を説明する。
図１４において、給電装置９に対応する給電側トランス３３と、リム１８と中継コイル１１を有する受電側に対応する受電側トランス３４を構成する。前記給電側トランス３３は、フェライトコア２２にボビン３５をもって給電コイル１７を巻回し、前記フェライトコア２２の一端面が露出するように絶縁層３６を介してアルミケース３７で保護する。同様に、前記受電側トランス３４は、フェライトコア３８にボビン３５をもって中継コイル１１を巻回し、前記フェライトコア３８の一端面が露出するように絶縁層４０を介して前記リム１８に見立てたアルミケース４１で保護する。この受電側トランス３４の絶縁層４０の厚さが前記距離Ａに対応する。 The result of the experiment for setting the distance A and the gap B will be described.
In FIG. 14, a power feeding side transformer 33 corresponding to the power feeding device 9 and a power receiving side transformer 34 corresponding to the power receiving side having the rim 18 and the relay coil 11 are configured. The power supply side transformer 33 is wound around the ferrite core 22 with the bobbin 35 around the power supply coil 17 and is protected by an aluminum case 37 through an insulating layer 36 so that one end surface of the ferrite core 22 is exposed. Similarly, the power-receiving-side transformer 34 is an aluminum case that is likened to the rim 18 through an insulating layer 40 so that one end face of the ferrite core 38 is exposed with a bobbin 35 around a ferrite core 38. Protect with 41. The thickness of the insulating layer 40 of the power receiving side transformer 34 corresponds to the distance A.

このような構成による実験結果は、図１１及び図１２に示すとおりである。
図１１（ａ）において、給電側トランス３３と受電側トランス３４の隙間Ｂ＝１０ｍｍの時は、隙間が小さいので、距離Ａが８ｍｍ、４ｍｍ、２ｍｍの違いがあってもそれほど損失に大きな差がない。隙間Ｂ＝１５ｍｍの図１１（ｂ）では、距離Ａが８ｍｍと４ｍｍの損失の違いはあまりないが、２ｍｍになると損失に大きな差があらわれる。隙間Ｂ＝２０ｍｍになると、図１１（ｃ）のように、距離Ａが８ｍｍでの損失は少ないが、４ｍｍ、２ｍｍになると大きな損失があらわれることを表している。 The experimental results with such a configuration are as shown in FIGS.
In FIG. 11A, when the gap B between the power supply side transformer 33 and the power receiving side transformer 34 is 10 mm, the gap is small, so even if the distance A is 8 mm, 4 mm, or 2 mm, there is a large difference in loss. Absent. In FIG. 11B where the gap B = 15 mm, there is not much difference in loss when the distance A is 8 mm and 4 mm, but when the distance A is 2 mm, there is a large difference in loss. When the gap B is 20 mm, the loss is small when the distance A is 8 mm as shown in FIG. 11C, but a large loss appears when the distance A is 4 mm and 2 mm.

図１２（ａ）において、給電側トランス３３と受電側トランス３４の隙間Ｂ＝１０ｍｍの時は、隙間が小さいので、距離Ａが８ｍｍ、４ｍｍ、２ｍｍの違いほど効率に大きな差がない。隙間Ｂ＝１５ｍｍの図１２（ｂ）では、距離Ａが８ｍｍと４ｍｍの効率の違いはあまりないが、２ｍｍになると効率が小さくなる。隙間Ｂ＝２０ｍｍになると、図１２（ｃ）のように、距離Ａが２ｍｍでの効率は小さいが、４ｍｍ、８ｍｍになると次第に効率が大きくなる。
以上の図１１及び図１２から、出力電力が３０Ｗでは、隙間Ｂ＝２０ｍｍとすると、距離Ａが８ｍｍのときに損失が小さく、かつ、効率が良いことがわかる。
したがって、隙間Ｂ＝２０ｍｍに設定したとき、距離Ａを少なくとも８ｍｍに設定すると、損失が小さく、かつ、効率が良いことがわかる。 In FIG. 12A, when the gap B between the power supply side transformer 33 and the power receiving side transformer 34 is 10 mm, the gap is small, so that there is no greater difference in efficiency as the distance A is 8 mm, 4 mm, and 2 mm. In FIG. 12B where the gap B = 15 mm, there is not much difference in efficiency between the distance A of 8 mm and 4 mm, but the efficiency decreases when the distance A is 2 mm. When the gap B = 20 mm, as shown in FIG. 12C, the efficiency when the distance A is 2 mm is small, but when the distance A is 4 mm or 8 mm, the efficiency gradually increases.
From FIGS. 11 and 12, it can be seen that when the output power is 30 W and the gap B is 20 mm, the loss is small and the efficiency is good when the distance A is 8 mm.
Therefore, it can be seen that when the gap B is set to 20 mm, the loss is small and the efficiency is good if the distance A is set to at least 8 mm.

図２に示す実施例では、フェライトコア２２の両側に給電コイル１７を分割して巻回した例を示したが、図４に示すように、フェライトコア２２の両側と底部にも給電コイル１７を巻回するようにしてもよい。
図１に示す実施例では、車輪１４に、扇形の中継コイル１１を１つだけ設けた例を示したので、給電装置９と中継コイル１１を磁気結合する位置に電動自転車１０を駐輪する必要がある。そのため、図５及び図６に示すように、車輪１４の全周囲に中心角１２０度の間隔で３個の中継コイル１１（１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃ）を設けるようにすると、駐輪時の給電装置９と中継コイル１１の位置合わせが必要なくなる。この時の等価回路は、図７のように示される。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the power supply coil 17 is divided and wound on both sides of the ferrite core 22. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the power supply coil 17 is also provided on both sides and the bottom of the ferrite core 22. You may make it wind.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an example is shown in which only one fan-shaped relay coil 11 is provided on the wheel 14, so it is necessary to park the electric bicycle 10 at a position where the power feeding device 9 and the relay coil 11 are magnetically coupled. There is. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when three relay coils 11 (11 a, 11 b, 11 c) are provided at intervals of a central angle of 120 degrees around the entire circumference of the wheel 14, a power feeding device during parking is provided. 9 and the relay coil 11 need not be aligned. The equivalent circuit at this time is shown in FIG.

図１の例では、中心角７２度程度の扇形の１個の中継コイル１１を設け、図５では、中心角１２０度の３個の中継コイル１１（１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃ）を設けたが、この例に限られるものではなく、車輪１４の全周囲であれば、２個でも、４個以上でもよく、また、図８に示すように全周囲に３６０度の１個の中継コイル１１を設けるようにしてもよい。   In the example of FIG. 1, one fan-shaped relay coil 11 having a central angle of about 72 degrees is provided, and in FIG. 5, three relay coils 11 (11a, 11b, 11c) having a central angle of 120 degrees are provided. The present invention is not limited to this example, and may be two, four or more as long as the entire circumference of the wheel 14 is provided, and one relay coil 11 of 360 degrees is provided around the circumference as shown in FIG. You may do it.

以上の実施例では、中継コイル１１は、車輪１４と一体に回転するようにホーク２４に取り付けた例を示したが、図９に示すように、車輪１４の片側又は両側に位置し、前記車輪１４とともに回転しないように車両１０のフレーム１９に一体に取り付け材４２を取り付け、この取り付け材４２に中継コイル１１を取り付けるようにしてもよい。このようにフレーム１９と一体の取り付け材４２に中継コイル１１を取り付けた場合には、中継コイル１１の取り付け位置は、電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９と磁気結合する１個所だけに取り付けても電動自転車１０の駐輪時に確実に磁気結合することができる。また、中継コイル１１は、２段の磁気結合ではなく、図１０に示すような等価回路になるような回路の接続をすればよい。   In the above embodiment, the relay coil 11 is attached to the fork 24 so as to rotate integrally with the wheel 14. However, as shown in FIG. 9, the relay coil 11 is located on one side or both sides of the wheel 14. The attachment member 42 may be integrally attached to the frame 19 of the vehicle 10 so as not to rotate with the attachment member 14, and the relay coil 11 may be attached to the attachment member 42. In this way, when the relay coil 11 is attached to the attachment member 42 that is integral with the frame 19, the attachment position of the relay coil 11 may be attached only to one place that is magnetically coupled to the power feeding device 9 of the electric assist light vehicle 10. Magnetic coupling can be ensured when the electric bicycle 10 is parked. In addition, the relay coil 11 may be connected to a circuit that is not a two-stage magnetic coupling but an equivalent circuit as shown in FIG.

１０…電動自転車、１１…中継コイル、１２…受電コイル、１３…バッテリー、１４…車輪、１５…ケーブル、１６…駐輪装置、１７…給電コイル、１８…リム、１９…フレーム、２０…車止め、２１…磁界、２２…フェライトコア、２３…インバータ電源、２４…ホーク、２５…タイヤ、２６…台座、２７…車軸、２８…コンデンサ、２９…コンデンサ、３０…力率改善回路、３１…整流平滑回路、３２…コンデンサ、３３…給電側トランス、３４…受電側トランス、３５…ボビン、３６…絶縁層、３７…アルミケース、３８…フェライトコア、３９…ボビン、４０…絶縁層、４１…アルミケース、４２…取り付け材。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Electric bicycle, 11 ... Relay coil, 12 ... Power receiving coil, 13 ... Battery, 14 ... Wheel, 15 ... Cable, 16 ... Bicycle parking device, 17 ... Feeding coil, 18 ... Rim, 19 ... Frame, 20 ... Car stop, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Magnetic field, 22 ... Ferrite core, 23 ... Inverter power supply, 24 ... Hawk, 25 ... Tire, 26 ... Base, 27 ... Axle, 28 ... Condenser, 29 ... Capacitor, 30 ... Power factor improvement circuit, 31 ... Rectification smoothing circuit 32 ... Capacitor, 33 ... Power-supply-side transformer, 34 ... Power-receiving-side transformer, 35 ... Bobbin, 36 ... Insulating layer, 37 ... Aluminum case, 38 ... Ferrite core, 39 ... Bobbin, 40 ... Insulating layer, 41 ... Aluminum case, 42: Mounting material.

Claims (8)

駐輪装置１６に設けた電動アシスト軽車両１０の給電装置９の給電コイル１７と、前記電動アシスト軽車両１０の車輪１４に設けた中継コイル１１を磁気結合して電力を伝送するようにした電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置９において、
前記給電装置９は、前記車輪１４の両側に隙間をもって対峙して配置されたフェライトコア２２と、このフェライトコア２２に巻回した前記給電コイル１７と、前記フェライトコア２２の前記給電コイル１７を巻回しないで露出した磁界発生のための磁極部２２ａとを有し、この磁極部２２ａと前記車輪１４の導電性のリム１８との間を３ｍｍ以上離して形成したことを特徴とする電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置。 Electricity is generated by magnetically coupling the power supply coil 17 of the power supply device 9 of the electric assist light vehicle 10 provided in the bicycle parking device 16 and the relay coil 11 provided on the wheel 14 of the electric assist light vehicle 10 to transmit electric power. In the power supply device 9 for the assist light vehicle,
The power supply device 9 includes a ferrite core 22 disposed on both sides of the wheel 14 with a gap therebetween, the power supply coil 17 wound around the ferrite core 22, and the power supply coil 17 of the ferrite core 22 wound. And a magnetic pole portion 22a for generating a magnetic field that is exposed without rotating, and the magnetic pole portion 22a and the conductive rim 18 of the wheel 14 are formed at a distance of 3 mm or more. Vehicle power supply device. 前記フェライトコア２２は、両側に隙間をもって車輪１４が入れるようにコの字形に形成し、この両側のフェライトコア２２の上部に、磁極部２２ａを形成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置。   2. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the ferrite core 22 is formed in a U shape so that the wheel 14 can enter with a gap on both sides, and a magnetic pole portion 22 a is formed on the upper portion of the ferrite core 22 on both sides. Power supply device for assist light vehicles. 前記フェライトコア２２は、両側に隙間をもって車輪１４が入れるような２個の別部材からなり、それぞれのフェライトコア２２の上部に、磁極部２２ａを形成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置。   The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the ferrite core (22) is made of two separate members that allow the wheel (14) to enter with a gap on both sides, and a magnetic pole part (22a) is formed on the upper part of each ferrite core (22). Power supply device for assist light vehicles. 前記中継コイル１１は、前記車輪１４と一体に回転するように、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に配置され、この中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサ２９を介在して２段目の中継コイル１１ｘを接続し、この２段目の中継コイル１１ｘに受電コイル１２を磁気結合してなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置。   The relay coil 11 is disposed in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a so as to rotate integrally with the wheel 14, and a second stage relay coil 11x is interposed at the other end of the relay coil 11 with a capacitor 29 interposed therebetween. The power feeding device for an electrically assisted light vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the power receiving coil is magnetically coupled to the second stage relay coil. 前記中継コイル１１は、前記車両１０のフレーム１９と一体に固定的に、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に配置され、この中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサを介在して出力してなることを特徴とする１記載の電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置。   The relay coil 11 is fixed integrally with the frame 19 of the vehicle 10 and is disposed in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a. The relay coil 11 is output via a capacitor at the other end of the relay coil 11. 2. The power supply device for an electrically assisted light vehicle according to 1, 前記中継コイル１１は、前記車輪１４と一体に回転するように、前記磁極部２２ａの磁界中に所定の間隔で複数個を相互に並列に配置され、これらの中継コイル１１の他端に、コンデンサを介在して２段目の中継コイル１１ｘを接続し、この２段目の中継コイル１１ｘに受電コイル１２を磁気結合してなることを特徴とする１記載の電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置。   A plurality of relay coils 11 are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval in the magnetic field of the magnetic pole portion 22a so as to rotate integrally with the wheel 14, and a capacitor is connected to the other end of these relay coils 11. 2. A power feeding device for an electrically assisted light vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a second-stage relay coil 11x is connected to the second-stage relay coil 11x, and the power receiving coil 12 is magnetically coupled to the second-stage relay coil 11x. 前記磁極部２２ａと前記車輪１４の導電性のリム１８との間を少なくとも８ｍｍ離して形成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置。   The power supply device for an electrically assisted light vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic pole portion (22a) and the conductive rim (18) of the wheel (14) are formed at least 8 mm apart. 前記フェライトコア２２に車輪１４を入れたときの両側に隙間は、１０〜３０ｍｍとしたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の電動アシスト軽車両の給電装置。   The power supply device for an electrically assisted light vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a gap between both sides when the wheel is put into the ferrite core is set to 10 to 30 mm.
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