JP2019140915A - Training method and training device of artemia, artemia, and artemia breeding solution - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a training device for stably and mass-cultivating Artemia utilized as a biological feed. It also provides artemia, which is used as a biological feed. SOLUTION: A method for training Artemia, in which training water is continuously supplied to a training tank 20 containing a breeding liquid 1 for training Artemia. A training tank 20 containing the breeding liquid 1 for training Artemia, and a supply means for continuously supplying the training water 32 to the training tank 20 (the training water 32 in the training water tank 31 is supplied by the training water supply pump 33). Artemia training device 100 having. Artemia with a body length of 3.0 mm or more. [Selection diagram] Fig. 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an artemia training method and apparatus, and artemia and artemia breeding liquid.

  Various techniques have been developed for aquaculture. In particular, when the aquatic product is small, such as fry, a biological feed suitable for the size of the aquatic product is required. Artemia, which is a small crustacean, is used as one of such biological feeds (Non-patent Document 1, Patent Document 1).

JP 62-126922 A

Makoto Tanaka and Kazuo Endo, “Cultivation of Artemia salina using Bacillus rotifers”, Fisheries Proliferation Vol. 26, No. 4 (1979)

  When attempting to raise fry using Artemia as a biological feed, the size of the feed must be increased as the fish grows. However, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, as the length of the training period has passed and the length of Artemia has increased, the survival rate has remarkably decreased, and there has been a problem that it is difficult to stably obtain biological feed. .

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for cultivating large-size artemia stably and in large quantities, as well as a large-size artemia and artemia breeding solution.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor found that the following inventions meet the above-mentioned object, and reached the present invention. That is, the present invention relates to the following inventions.

(1) An artemia training method using a training tank containing a breeding solution containing a breeding solution for training artemia, the method comprising training while continuously supplying training water to the training tank.
(2) The artemia training method according to (1), including a step of aerating a gas containing 20% by volume or more of oxygen to the breeding solution of the training tank.
(3) The artemia training method according to (1) or (2), wherein an oxygen concentration of the breeding solution in the training tank is 6.5 mg / L or more.
(4) The artemia training method according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the salt concentration of the training water is 1 to 5% by mass.
(5) The artemia training method according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the supply of the training water is performed by a liquid feed pump.
(6) The artemia nurturing method according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein a water exchange rate of the breeding liquid in the culturing tank by the cultivating water to be supplied is 0.5 or more and 10 or less per day.
(7) The artemia training method according to any one of (1) to (6), including a step of adjusting a component of artemia cultivated by supplying microalgae as a feed to the artemia of the training tank.
(8) The artemia training method according to (7), wherein the microalgae are brown algae.
(9) The artemia training method according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein a filter for preventing discharge of the artemia is provided in a flow path of the overflow of the breeding liquid from the training tank.

(10) Artemia whose body length is 3.0 mm or more.
(11) The artemia according to (10), wherein the α-amino-n-butyric acid concentration is 0.020% by mass or more and / or the cystine concentration is 0.010% by mass or more.
(12) Artemia according to (10) or (11), fed with microalgae and cultivated.
(13) The artemia according to (12), wherein the microalgae are brown algae.

(14) An artemia breeding solution having an average body length of 3.0 mm or more and containing 1 or more artemia per mL.
(15) The artemia culture solution according to (14), comprising artemia having an α-amino-n-butyric acid concentration of 0.020% by mass or more and / or a cystine concentration of 0.010% by mass or more.
(16) The artemia culture solution according to (14) or (15), comprising artemia fed with microalgae and cultivated.
(17) The artemia culture solution according to (16), wherein the microalgae are brown algae.

(18) An artemia training apparatus comprising a training tank that contains a breeding solution for training artemia, and supply means for continuously supplying the training water to the training tank.
(19) The artemia training apparatus according to (18), further comprising a ventilation means for ventilating a gas containing 20% by volume or more of oxygen in the breeding liquid placed in the training tank.
(20) The artemia training apparatus according to (18) or (19), further comprising a filter for preventing discharge of the artemia provided in an overflow flow path generated from the training tank by the supply means.
(21) Oxygen concentration detection means for detecting the dissolved oxygen concentration of the breeding liquid placed in the cultivation tank;
Adjusting means for adjusting the amount of gas aerated by the aeration means so that the dissolved oxygen concentration becomes a predetermined concentration based on the dissolved oxygen concentration of the breeding liquid measured by the oxygen concentration detection means (18) to The training apparatus for artemia according to any one of (20).
(22) The artemia training apparatus according to (21), wherein the oxygen concentration detection means includes a DO sensor.
(23) The artemia training apparatus according to (21) or (22), wherein the adjusting means includes a computer-controlled electric valve.

  According to the present invention, large-sized artemia can be stably and cultivated in large quantities.

It is a figure for demonstrating the measurement of the body length of Artemia. It is the schematic of the training apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic of the training apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic plan view of the training apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples and the like, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples and the like, and can be arbitrarily modified and implemented without departing from the gist of the present invention. In the present specification, “A to B” or “A to B” are used as expressions including numerical values or physical quantities before and after that. In the present specification, the expression “A and / or B” means “one or both of A and B”. That is, “A and / or B” includes “A only”, “B only”, and “both A and B”.

  The artemia training method of the present invention is an artemia training method using a training tank containing a breeding solution for training artemia, and includes a step of training while continuously supplying training water to the training tank. . The artemia training apparatus of the present invention includes a training tank that contains a breeding solution for training artemia, and a supply means that continuously supplies the training water to the training tank. The artemia training apparatus according to the present invention has a configuration suitable for the artemia training method of the present invention, and the respective configurations can be used in association with each other.

  With this configuration, fresh culture water is supplied to the breeding liquid in the cultivation tank, so that the cleanliness of the breeding liquid can be maintained. Also, dissolved oxygen is supplied by the continuously supplied cultivation water, and excreta generated during the growth process is discharged from the cultivation tank by overflow. This prevents the growth of Artemia and promotes stable growth. As a result, large-sized artemia can be trained with a high survival rate.

<Artemia>
In the present invention, artemia is a genus name of the arthropod crustacea subscapularis Sarsostraca subclass Coleoptera honnen shrimp family, Artemia franciscana, Artemia monica, Artemia persimilis, Artemia salina, Artemia sinica, Artemia tibetiana, Artemia Examples are urmiana and Artemia parthenogenetica. In the present invention, Artemia may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Artemia may use what is marketed in the state of a dormant egg, and may use what was artificially trained. It can also be used separated from the natural environment. Artemia is often hatched and trained in training water and used as a biological feed for aquatic products. By using the present invention, artemia hatched from dormant eggs of artemia can be efficiently and stably cultivated, thereby achieving an increase in body length, an improvement in survival rate, and the like.

<Heart of Artemia>
A method for measuring the length of Artemia is specifically described with reference to FIG. The body length of the artemia 10 is the body length of the artemia 10 that is the length L from the head tip 11 to the tail tip 12.

<Training tank>
The training of artemia of the present invention is performed in a training tank. In the present invention, the training tank is a tank in which a breeding solution is placed and artemia is trained. In the present invention, the breeding liquid contains artemia eggs and hatched artemia in the training water.

  In the present invention, the training water refers to an aqueous solution containing sodium chloride as a main component of salt. The training water is preferably close to the components of seawater for the purpose of training Artemia. Seawater can be used as it is or after being subjected to treatment such as sterilization, sterilization, and sterilization. In the present invention, this training water is used as a liquid component of the breeding liquid. An aqueous solution having an arbitrary salt concentration can be used as long as it is capable of cultivating artemia. For example, salt water having a salt concentration of 1 to 5% by mass, preferably 3 to 4% by mass, with seawater equivalent as a standard, can be used. Various salts such as sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, and potassium chloride that constitute seawater can be used as the salt of the training water in a range suitable for the training of artemia. For the training water, artificial seawater and concentrated seawater can be prepared to a concentration that allows Artemia breeding. In the present invention, the salinity value is a value measured with a salinometer as a salinity value.

<Continuous supply>
The training of artemia of the present invention is performed by continuously supplying the training water to the training tank. In the present invention, the supply means refers to a device that continuously supplies the cultivating water to the culturing tank, and examples thereof include a liquid feed pump. Using this continuously supplying apparatus, the process of cultivating the artemia culturing method of the present invention while continuously supplying the cultivating water to the culturing tank is performed.
The artemia according to the present invention is cultivated by continuously supplying cultivating water to the culturing tank. In order to continuously supply the training water, the extra culture fluid is discharged as an overflow from the training tank. In order to prevent artemia in the breeding liquid from being discharged due to this overflow, it is preferable to install a filter at the joint between the training tank and the discharge path.

<Filter>
In the present invention, the filter acts to remove artemia from the breeding solution, and the material is not limited as long as it has this ability. The filter installed in the flow path of the breeding liquid overflowing from the training tank prevents discharge of artemia due to overflow. Since Artemia has a body length of about 0.3 to 0.4 mm immediately after hatching, it is preferable to use a filter having a smaller opening. As a standard of the opening of the filter, it is preferably about 1/2 to 1/10 of the length of Artemia in the breeding solution. Since the filter is in contact with the training water, it is preferable to use a material having water resistance and salt resistance. The opening of the filter can be trained while changing to a larger opening as Artemia is trained and the body length increases. Filters that can be replaced when performance deteriorates are preferred.

<Supply amount>
In the present invention, the amount of the training water continuously supplied can be appropriately set in consideration of the size of the training tank, the amount of the breeding solution, the type and breeding density of the artemia to be trained, the training period, and the like. If the water exchange rate of the training tank by the supplied training water is 0.5 or more and 10 or less per day, Artemia is preferable because it can sufficiently obtain oxygen and grow. The water exchange rate of the present invention is calculated by “amount of cultivation water supplied for the cultivation increase (L / day) / filling amount of the breeding liquid for the cultivation increase (L)” per day.
The lower limit of the water exchange rate can be 0.7 or more, 1.0 or more, 1.2 or more, 1.5 or more. The upper limit of the water exchange rate can be 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less.

  The continuous supply of the training water in the present invention can be appropriately set so that the training period for increasing the size of Artemia is 3 days to 4 weeks. The supply of the training water may be a constant water supply rate as long as the supply amount can be managed, and may be continuously supplied or intermittently supplied.

<Oxygen supply>
In the present invention, the artemia is preferably trained by aeration. In the present invention, aeration means that a gas containing oxygen is blown into a culture solution in a cultivation tank. The artemia nurturing method of the present invention can include a step of ventilating a gas containing 20% by volume or more of oxygen in the culturing tank. In addition, any of the step of aeration and the step of training while continuously supplying the training water to the above-described training tank may be performed first, and in the case of performing both, it may be performed simultaneously when training Artemia. it can.

  Aeration can be performed by using a ventilation tube or tube at an arbitrary depth of the breeding liquid in the cultivation tank, but in order to increase the contact time between gas and liquid, the bottom or middle of the cultivation tank is used. Preferably in depth. Ventilation is performed at 0.5 L / min or more, 1 L / min or more, 2 L / min or more, 10 L / min or less, 8 L / min or less, or 6 L / min or less, so that Artemia can sufficiently obtain oxygen and grow. can do. By aeration, oxygen necessary for the growth of Artemia can be supplied into the breeding solution.

  In the present invention, the aeration means refers to a device for ventilating a gas containing oxygen to the training tank. For example, a cylinder filled with oxygen-containing gas and a pipe for supplying gas from the cylinder to the training tank can be given. Moreover, it connects with a cylinder with piping, an opening-and-closing valve is provided in the piping, and ventilation quantity can be adjusted with the opening-and-closing amount of the opening-and-closing valve. Moreover, gas can also be ventilated with a ventilation pump to a training tank. Since only oxygen dissolved in the breeding solution in contact with the air and the breeding solution surface is not sufficient, stable cultivation of large-sized artemia becomes possible by ventilating a gas containing oxygen.

  The aerated gas preferably has a high oxygen concentration, preferably a gas having an oxygen concentration of 20% by volume or more, 21% by volume or more, 25% by volume or more, 30% by volume or more, 40% by volume or more, Artemia can obtain sufficient oxygen and grow if it is 50% by volume or more, 60% by volume or more, 70% by volume or more, 80% by volume or more, 90% by volume or more, 95% by volume or more, and 98% by volume or more. Can do. Oxygen gas itself may be supplied. As Artemia grows and grows in size, the amount of oxygen required by each individual increases and deficiency of dissolved oxygen occurs, making it difficult to increase the size and improve the survival rate. Such oxygen deficiency can be suppressed by increasing the concentration of supplied oxygen.

  In the cultivation of the present invention, it is preferable to manage the oxygen concentration of the breeding liquid in the cultivation tank. Artemia is sufficient if the dissolved oxygen concentration is 6.5 mg / L or more, 7.0 mg / L or more, 7.5 mg / L or more, 8.0 mg / L or more, 10 mg / L or more, 12 mg / L or more Can get oxygen and grow. It is preferable to manage the oxygen concentration of the culture solution in the cultivation tank at a high concentration. By training at such a dissolved oxygen concentration, a large amount of large artemia can be stably cultivated in large quantities. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the rearing solution may be managed by the average value of the concentration measured twice or more per day on each day of the training period, but the more frequently the number of measurements, the more accurately adjust the dissolved oxygen concentration Can be trained in a stable breeding environment. The upper limit of the dissolved oxygen concentration may be arbitrarily set within the achievable range, but may be 30 mg / L or less, 27 mg / L or less, or 25 mg / L or less.

  In this invention, in order to manage dissolved oxygen concentration, it is preferable to have an oxygen concentration detection means which detects the dissolved oxygen concentration of the breeding liquid put into the said cultivation tank. In the present invention, the oxygen concentration detection means refers to a device capable of detecting the dissolved oxygen concentration in the liquid, and includes, for example, a dissolved oxygen sensor (hereinafter referred to as DO sensor).

  In the present invention, there is provided adjusting means for adjusting the aeration amount by the aeration means so that the dissolved oxygen concentration becomes a predetermined concentration based on the dissolved oxygen concentration of the breeding solution measured by the oxygen concentration detection means. preferable.

  In the present invention, the adjusting means refers to a device that adjusts the air flow rate based on the dissolved oxygen concentration. A manual valve may be used, but other computer-controlled electric valves may be used.

  In the training of artemia in the present invention, other various conditions may be appropriately set within a known range. For example, the temperature of the breeding solution is preferably set to about 10 to 30 ° C, more preferably 20 to 30 ° C, and further preferably 26 to 28 ° C. The pH of the breeding solution is preferably pH 7 to pH 9, and more preferably pH 8 to pH 8.5.

  The training period of artemia in the present invention may be changed according to the demand at the time of use of the artemia, and may be a period until the desired body length is reached. According to the present invention, Artemia can be enlarged and a high survival rate can be achieved. For example, it can be trained for 5 days or more with a body length of 2.5 mm or more. The training period can be 7 days or more, 8 days or more, 9 days or more, or 10 days or more. For example, when trained for 7 days, a body length of about 5 to 6 mm can be achieved. The upper limit of the training period is arbitrary as long as it does not die. On the other hand, since there is no need to train for longer than necessary, it may be within 30 days, within 25 days, within 20 days, within 18 days, within 16 days, or within 14 days.

(Artemia breeding solution)
By carrying out the present invention, it is possible to obtain an artemia breeding solution having an average body length of 3.0 mm or more and containing 1 or more artemia per mL. The lower limit of the number of individuals per 1 mL of Artemia breeding solution can be 2 or more, 3 or more, and the upper limit can be 1000 or less, 500 or less, or 100 or less. The average length is obtained by collecting 100 mL of the artemia breeding solution, counting the number of individuals contained in the artemia breeding solution, and dividing the total of the measured lengths of each individual's artemia by the number of individuals. be able to. In this specification, the artemia breeding liquid refers to a breeding liquid containing artemia cultivated in a cultivation tank as it is. The average body length can be 3.5 mm or more, 3.5 mm or more, 4.0 mm or more, 4.5 mm or more, 5.0 mm or more, 6.0 mm or more, 7.0 mm or more, 8.0 mm or more. On the other hand, the upper limit of the average body length may be arbitrary as long as it is achievable, but in reality it is preferably 20 mm or less. The upper limit of the average body length may be 19 mm or less, 18 mm or less, 17 mm or less, 16 mm or less, or 15 mm or less. The average body length may be obtained by sampling 50 samples at random, and taking the average value as the average body length of the artemia of the group.

<Artemia feed>
In the present invention, any known artemia feed may be used as appropriate. In the present invention, the artemia is preferably cultivated by feeding microalgae as a feed to the artemia in the training tank. The artemia training method of the present invention can include a step of adjusting the components of artemia cultivated by supplying microalgae as feed to artemia in the training tank.

  As what is used as a feed for Artemia in the present invention, brown algae, red algae and green algae are preferable. These microalgae can be used by adjusting the size by appropriately pulverizing these microalgae so that Artemia can easily feed them, or the microalgae can be used as a feed as it is. In the present invention, the brown algae are brown algae and brown algae, and examples thereof include a kombu, a kombu belonging to seaweed, an agama belonging to hijiki. In the present invention, the red algae is a red alga Rhodophyceae 1 class, and examples thereof include Asakusanori, Proboscis, Ogonori and Igis. In the present invention, the green algae includes axle algae, honeyweeds, zygote algae, sandalwoods, platino alga and true green algae, and examples include Aonori, Aosa, Mir, Hoshimidro, Aoimidro and the like. In the present invention, brown alga is particularly preferable as the feed for Artemia.

  The artemia of the present invention can be artemia having a body length of 3.0 mm or more. According to the present invention, artemia can be stably trained even with a body length of 3.0 mm or more. The large-sized artemia obtained by the present invention can be an artemia having components different from those of conventional artemia. Such artemia can be used as a biological feed for aquatic products such as seafood. By using this Artemia as a feed, it can be made an effective feed for fish fry and the like.

  In particular, when Artemia has a body length of 3.0 mm or more, it is effective that the body length is 3.0 mm or more from the viewpoint of easy feeding of microalgae. The body length can be 3.5 mm or more, 4.0 mm or more, 4.5 mm or more, 5.0 mm or more, 6.0 mm or more, 7.0 mm or more, 8.0 mm or more. On the other hand, the upper limit of the body length may be arbitrary as long as it is achievable, but in reality it is preferably 20 mm or less. The upper limit of the body length may be 19 mm or less, 18 mm or less, 17 mm or less, 16 mm or less, or 15 mm or less. When the group size is obtained using a group containing a large number of individuals of Artemia, 10 samples are randomly sampled from the group, and the average value is used as the body length of the group.

  The artemia of the present invention can be artemia having an α-amino-n-butyric acid (ABA) concentration of 0.020% by mass or more and / or a cystine (Cys) concentration of 0.010% by mass or more. An existing method can be used for amino acid analysis. For example, a high-speed amino acid analyzer L-8900 (Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd.) is used for the measurement. For the preparation of the measurement sample and the measurement method, those described in the examples described later are applied. The mass% of these concentrations can be calculated based on the mass (g) of amino acid with respect to the mass per individual (100 g). Artemia having this ABA concentration or Cys concentration is a so-called nutrient-enriched feed when used as a biological feed for aquatic products. Therefore, effects such as growth promotion and yield improvement of fry that feed on these as biological feed can be obtained.

  The ABA concentration of the artemia of the present invention is 0.030% by mass or more, 0.040% by mass or more, 0.050% by mass or more, 0.060% by mass or more, 0.070% by mass or more, 0.080% by mass or more. 0.090% by mass or more and 0.100% by mass or more. The upper limit of the ABA concentration may be arbitrary as long as it can be achieved, but it may be difficult to adjust the feed of Artemia to be extremely high, for example, 0.30 mass% or less, 0.25 mass% or less, It is good also as 0.20 mass% or less.

  The Cys concentration of the artemia of the present invention can be 0.015 mass% or more, 0.020 mass% or more, 0.025 mass% or more, or 0.030 mass% or more. The upper limit of the Cys concentration may be arbitrary as long as it can be achieved in the same manner as the ABA concentration. For example, it may be 0.30% by mass or less, 0.25% by mass or less, or 0.20% by mass or less.

  Such ABA concentration and Cys concentration are in a range difficult to achieve with Artemia whose body length is less than 3.0 mm. The artemia training method of the present invention can adjust the components of artemia by feeding microalgae. Such ABA concentration and Cys concentration can be achieved by selecting and adjusting the microalgae to be fed. Specifically, feeding brown algae is particularly effective.

  The artemia breeding solution of the present invention contains artemia having an α-amino-n-butyric acid (ABA) concentration of 0.020% by mass or more and / or a cystine (Cys) concentration of 0.010% by mass or more. An existing method can be used for amino acid analysis. For example, a high-speed amino acid analyzer L-8900 (Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd.) is used for the measurement. For the preparation of the measurement sample and the measurement method, those described in the examples described later are applied. The mass% of these concentrations can be calculated based on the mass (g) of amino acid with respect to the mass per individual (100 g). The artemia breeding liquid containing artemia having this ABA concentration or Cys concentration becomes a so-called nutrient-enriched feed when used as a biological feed for aquatic products. Therefore, effects such as growth promotion and yield improvement of fry that feed on these as biological feed can be obtained. Here, for the measurement of the ABA concentration and the Cys concentration of the artemia breeding liquid, an individual having a body length of 3.0 mm or more is used after separating the artemia by filtration. The amount may be any amount that allows amino acid analysis, but can be determined by the measurement method described in the Examples using, for example, 2 g of Artemia having a body length of 3.0 mm or more.

  The ABA concentration of Artemia contained in the Artemia breeding solution of the present invention is 0.030% by mass or more, 0.040% by mass or more, 0.050% by mass or more, 0.060% by mass or more, 0.070% by mass or more, It can be 0.080 mass% or more, 0.090 mass% or more, or 0.100 mass% or more. The upper limit of the ABA concentration may be arbitrary as long as it can be achieved, but it may be difficult to adjust the feed of Artemia to be extremely high, for example, 0.30 mass% or less, 0.25 mass% or less, It is good also as 0.20 mass% or less.

  The Cys concentration of Artemia contained in the Artemia breeding solution of the present invention can be 0.015% by mass or more, 0.020% by mass or more, 0.025% by mass or more, and 0.030% by mass or more. The upper limit of the Cys concentration may be arbitrary as long as it can be achieved in the same manner as the ABA concentration. For example, it may be 0.30% by mass or less, 0.25% by mass or less, or 0.20% by mass or less.

  Artemia contained in the artemia breeding solution of the present invention can adjust the components of artemia by feeding microalgae. Such ABA concentration and Cys concentration can be achieved by selecting and adjusting the microalgae to be fed. Specifically, feeding brown algae is particularly effective.

  Artemia trained by the present invention can be used as a biological feed for aquatic products. In the present invention, the biological feed is a living plankton serving as a feed for aquatic products. When used as a biological feed, the artemia breeding solution may be fed directly into aquaculture tanks for aquatic products to be fed. Artemia in the breeding fluid can also be collected by centrifugation or filtration and used as a biological feed for aquatic products. The artemia of the present invention can be used by appropriately mixing with other feeds, adjusting materials and the like.

  The artemia of the present invention and the aquatic product to be specifically fed with the artemia breeding liquid are not particularly limited. , Octopus, squid and other biological feeds. In particular, the artemia of the present invention is useful as a biological feed at a time close to the larval stage of various aquatic products such as fry.

<First embodiment>
The schematic diagram of 1st embodiment which concerns on the training apparatus of this invention in FIG. 2 is shown. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an artemia training apparatus 100. The training apparatus 100 has a training tank 20 in which a breeding solution 1 for training artemia is placed. The training water 32 in the training water tank 31 is fed to the training tank 20 by the training water feed pump 33, and this configuration serves as a supply means for continuously supplying the training water 32 to the training tank 20. And the filter 41 is provided in the flow path OF of the overflow from the training tank 20 by supplying the training water 32. The filter 41 has an opening that prevents discharge of artemia in the breeding liquid 1. Furthermore, in the training apparatus 100, the ventilation pump 5 which is a ventilation means is provided, and can also ventilate air and the gas of predetermined | prescribed oxygen concentration.

<Second embodiment>
The schematic diagram of 2nd embodiment which concerns on the training apparatus of this invention in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is shown. The artemia training apparatus 101 according to the second embodiment is a training apparatus having a configuration according to the first embodiment. As for the training apparatus 101, FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view and FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view. Inside the training tank 21, an internal pipe 211 serving as an overflow channel is provided. The internal piping 211 has a height lower than the height of the tank of the training tank 21, and an upper portion thereof is an opening, and the overflow is discharged from this opening. By disposing the filter 42 at the opening of the internal pipe 211, discharge of the artemia of the breeding liquid 1 is prevented. As described above, if the overflow channel is provided inside the training tank (for example, near the center), the liquid in the training tank 21 surrounding the internal pipe 211 is relatively uniform in the circumferential direction of the internal pipe 211. It is easy to become more uniform training.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited to a following example.

[Test equipment]
The training apparatus of the structure according to 2nd Embodiment shown in FIG. 3 was prepared, and the training test was done. The main training test equipment consists of the following.
[Training tank]
Training tank: Plastic container Maximum capacity 220L
Breeding liquid capacity in the cultivation tank: The overflowing flow path was provided in the cultivation tank so that the overflowing water was discharged so that the filling amount of the breeding liquid was 200 L.
Filter: A filter made of polyethylene and having a mesh size of 114 to 408 μm was used by being disposed in the overflow channel of the cultivation tank. The mesh opening was appropriately selected according to the training period of Artemia.
Dissolved oxygen concentration meter: The dissolved oxygen concentration in the training tank can be monitored by the dissolved oxygen concentration meter.
Thermometer: Monitoring was possible with a thermometer that measures the temperature of the cultivation tank.
Heater: A heater for controlling the temperature of the training tank was attached.
[Training water supply means]
-Seawater was filtered and stored in a training water tank for use as continuous training water. The training water was used while adjusting the flow rate to be fed to the training tank by a feed pump.
[Ventilation pump]
Breathable to air switches the air or oxygen gas (O _2), was used a vent venting pump.

[Example 1] The training conditions using the training apparatus described above are shown below. Training was carried out for 20 days.
-Breeding solution composition Artemia: Marinetech's brine shrimp egg (origin: North American Salt Lake) was used.
Training water: Seawater similar to the continuously supplied training water was used.
The artemia concentration at the start of the training was adjusted to 15 individuals / mL (3 million individuals / 200 L water tank) in the volume of the training tank.
-Feed for Artemia Basic feed: Marine omega A (manufactured by Marine Tech) was fed as a feed after hatching. In addition, from the 15th day after the start of the cultivation, fine seaweed crushed brown algae was fed as a feed.
-Feeding amount of training water The amount of training water supplied to the training tank was continuously supplied as 920 L / day with respect to the filling amount of the rearing liquid in the training tank of 200 L. The water exchange rate according to the supply amount of the training water is 920 (L / day) / 200 (L from the amount of the training water supplied to the increase in the cultivation (L / day) / the filling amount of the breeding liquid for the increase in the cultivation (L)). Therefore, it is 4.6 (day ^-1 ).
-Gas supply Cultivation was performed by supplying oxygen gas (O ₂ ) so that the daily oxygen gas supply amount / breeding solution volume was about 2 L / L. At this time, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the breeding solution sometimes fluctuated somewhat depending on the number of training days, but since the gas with a high oxygen concentration was supplied, it was possible to maintain about 10 mg / L or more.

[Training test results]
Seven days after the start of the training, 10 individuals were sampled and the average body length was 2.5 mm. The survival rate at this time was 70%. The density was approximately 7 individuals in 1 mL.
On the 20th day from the start of training, 10 individuals were sampled and the average body length was 6.0 mm. The survival rate at this time was 30%. The density was approximately 3 individuals in 1 mL.

The α-amino-n-butyric acid (ABA) concentration and cystine (Cys) concentration of Artemia on the 7th day from the start of the cultivation were measured. A sample homogenized with a food processor was collected in a pressure vessel, 10 times the amount of 20% hydrochloric acid was added, degassed under reduced pressure, and then hydrolyzed at 110 ° C. for 24 hours. After hydrolysis, the mixture is heated to 80 ° C. under a nitrogen stream to remove hydrochloric acid, and the sample is collected in a measuring flask while washing the container with lithium citrate buffer (pH 2.2). (Volume 2.2). The sample solution after constant volume was filtered through 0.45 μm and 0.2 μm filters, and the sample was analyzed, and the amino acid composition was analyzed with an automatic amino acid analyzer (Hitachi High-Speed Amino Acid Analyzer, L-8900).
The ABA concentration was 0.047 g / 100 g and the Cys concentration was 0.111 g / 100 g per individual weight of Artemia. In the case of Artemia according to Comparative Example 1 which will be described later, it was confirmed that ABA was 0.004 g / 100 g and Cys was 0.004 g / 100 g, so that it was greatly increased.

[Comparative Example 1] Using the above-described training apparatus, training was performed in a state where the supply of the training water was stopped according to Example 1. Training was carried out for 10 days.

[Training test results]
Seven days after the start of the training, 10 individuals were sampled and the average body length was 2.5 mm. The survival rate at this time was 50%.
On the 10th day from the start of training, the survival rate was 0%.

  As described above, the artemia trained according to the embodiment of the present invention is superior in the length and survival rate especially when the artemia is enlarged, compared to the conventional training that does not supply the training water. It was. Further, the artemia according to the present invention was an artemia reflecting the effect of changing the feed, which was excellent as a feed for fry and the like.

  According to the cultivation method according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently and stably produce Artemia used for fry culture and the like. Moreover, the training apparatus which concerns on this invention is an apparatus suitable for implementation of this training method. Artemia cultivated by these can be made larger than conventional artemia, is excellent as a biological feed, and is industrially useful.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rearing liquid 10 Artemia 11 Head tip 12 Tail tip 100, 101 Training device 20, 21 Training tank 211 Internal piping 31 Training water tank 32 Training water 33 Training water feed pump 41, 42 Filter 5 Ventilation pump

Claims (23)

  An artemia training method using a training tank containing a breeding solution for training artemia, the method comprising training while continuously supplying training water to the training tank.   The artemia nurturing method according to claim 1, further comprising: aerating a gas containing 20% by volume or more of oxygen to the breeding solution of the culturing tank.   The method for fostering artemia according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an oxygen concentration of the breeding solution in the cultivation tank is 6.5 mg / L or more.   The salinity concentration of the said training water is 1-5 mass%, The training method of artemia in any one of Claims 1-3.   The artemia training method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the training water is supplied by a liquid feed pump.   The artemia training method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a water exchange rate of the breeding liquid in the training tank by the supplied training water is 0.5 to 10 per day.   The artemia training method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a step of adjusting a component of artemia cultivated by supplying microalgae as a feed to the artemia of the training tank.   The artemia training method according to claim 7, wherein the microalgae are brown algae.   The artemia training method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a filter for preventing discharge of the artemia in a flow path of the overflow of the breeding liquid from the training tank.   Artemia with a body length of 3.0 mm or more.   The artemia according to claim 10, wherein the α-amino-n-butyric acid concentration is 0.020% by mass or more and / or the cystine concentration is 0.010% by mass or more.   The artemia according to claim 10 or 11, fed with microalgae and cultivated.   The artemia according to claim 12, wherein the microalgae are brown algae.   An artemia breeding solution having an average body length of 3.0 mm or more and containing 1 or more artemia per mL.   The artemia culture solution according to claim 14, comprising artemia having an α-amino-n-butyric acid concentration of 0.020% by mass or more and / or a cystine concentration of 0.010% by mass or more.   The artemia breeding liquid according to claim 14 or 15, comprising artemia fed with microalgae and cultivated.   The artemia breeding solution according to claim 16, wherein the microalgae are brown algae.   An artemia training apparatus comprising: a training tank that contains a breeding solution for training artemia; and a supply means that continuously supplies the training water to the training tank.   The artemia training apparatus according to claim 18, further comprising a venting unit configured to ventilate a gas containing 20% by volume or more of oxygen in the breeding liquid placed in the training tank.   20. The artemia training apparatus according to claim 18 or 19, further comprising a filter for preventing discharge of the artemia provided in an overflow flow path generated from the training tank by the supply means. Oxygen concentration detection means for detecting the dissolved oxygen concentration of the breeding liquid placed in the training tank;
The adjustment means which adjusts the amount of gas ventilated by the aeration means so that the dissolved oxygen concentration becomes a predetermined concentration based on the dissolved oxygen concentration of the breeding liquid measured by the oxygen concentration detection means. The training apparatus for artemia according to any one of 20.   The artemia training apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the oxygen concentration detection means includes a DO sensor.   The artemia training apparatus according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the adjusting means includes a computer-controlled electric valve.