JP2019018116A - Microparticulate material capture device - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a microparticulate matter trapping device that has a simple configuration, consumes less energy, and can effectively and reliably adsorb and remove microparticulate matter from an air flow that flows into a room. A negative charge is supplied to three insulated conductor layers 1 to 3 and two outer insulated conductor layers 1 and 3 of the three insulated conductor layers 1 to 3, and the three layers of insulation are provided. It comprises two voltage generators 4, 5 supplying a positive charge to a central insulated conductor layer 2 of the conductor layers 1-3, said three insulated conductor layers 1-3 being arranged in parallel and spaced accordingly. and insulated conductors in adjacent layers are offset from each other. [Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a microparticulate matter trapping device, and more particularly, for example, a microparticulate matter that traps microparticulate matter in smoke that may cause health problems using static electricity. The present invention relates to a substance capturing device.

  Smoke is composed of a complex mixture of gas and fine particles produced when burning organic materials such as wood. The biggest health hazard from smoke comes from fine particles. These fine particles can enter the eyes and respiratory system, where they can cause health problems such as burning eye pain, runny nose, and diseases such as bronchitis. Fine particles can also exacerbate chronic heart failure and lung disease, and are said to lead to early death. Therefore, there is a need to improve the quality of life of people who are sensitive to air pollutants by eliminating airborne particulate matter in their homes.

  Conventionally, as a method for purifying such fine particles, a method using a fine particle conveying device that stirs, conveys, and purifies particles in a conveying tube in which air is activated using dielectric barrier discharge has been proposed (Patent Document). 1: Japanese Patent No. 5688651).

  In addition, as a method for removing fine particles floating in the atmosphere or other gases with high efficiency without using filtration by a filter method, a clean gas is obtained by removing the fine particles from a fine particle-containing gas containing fine particles. The removal using the Coulomb force of static electricity is performed by causing the fine particles charged to one polarity to meet the removal liquid mist charged to the other polarity opposite to the one polarity. There is also a proposal of a method (Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2017-927).

Japanese Patent No. 5688651 JP 2017-927

  However, these conventional fine particle removal methods both require large-scale equipment and increase the installation cost and energy consumption, so that they cannot be easily used in ordinary homes. .

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems in the prior art, and has a simple configuration that consumes less energy, and can effectively and reliably adsorb and exclude fine particulate matter from the airflow flowing into the room. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fine particulate matter trapping device.

  As a result of pursuing a method for preventing minute particulate matter in smoke that may cause health problems from flowing into the room, the present inventors have used electrostatic attraction to The inventors have obtained the knowledge that it is possible to prevent fine particulate matter from entering the room, and have completed the present invention.

  That is, the invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-described problem supplies negative charges to the three insulated conductor layers and the two outer insulated conductor layers of the three insulated conductor layers, Two voltage generators for supplying a positive charge to the central insulated conductor layer of the three insulated conductor layers are provided, and the three insulated conductor layers are arranged in parallel at an appropriate interval and are adjacent layers. The insulated conductive wire is a microparticulate matter capturing device characterized in that the insulated conducting wires are offset from each other.

  In one embodiment, each voltage generator operates with a storage battery supplied with power from a solar panel as a power source. The voltage applied by the voltage generator is 4.5 kV or higher.

  The microparticulate matter trapping apparatus according to the present invention is as described above, is easy to manufacture with a very simple configuration, and can be continuously operated with low energy consumption over a long period of time, There is an effect that microparticulate matter can be continuously and reliably captured from the air flow flowing into the room.

It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the structure of the microparticulate matter trapping apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is an experimental equipment block diagram for demonstrating the experimental equipment performed in order to confirm the effectiveness of the microparticulate matter capture device concerning the present invention. It is a graph which shows the capture | acquisition rate of the fine particle in the smoke of the mosquito coil obtained as a result of the experiment conducted in order to confirm the effectiveness of the microparticulate matter capture device concerning the present invention.

  EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The form for implementing this invention is demonstrated referring an accompanying drawing. As shown in FIG. 1, the particulate matter trapping device according to the present invention includes three layers of insulated conductor layers 1 to 3 and two outer insulated conductor layers 1 of the three layers of insulated conductor layers 1 to 3. 3 includes a voltage generator 4 for supplying a negative charge to 3, and a voltage generator 5 for supplying a positive charge to the central insulated conductor layer 2.

  This microparticulate matter trapping device forms an electric field using the insulated conductor layers 1 to 3 as electrodes. For example, the insulated conducting wire layers 1 to 3 have a circular cross-section insulated conducting wire in which an iron wire (diameter 2 mm, length 15 to 55 cm) is insulated through a transparent insulator vinyl sleeve (thickness 1 mm, bulk resistivity 1 × 10 9 Ωcm). It is formed by. The three insulated conductor layers 1 to 3 are arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals, and an electrostatic direct current (DC) voltage generator 4 that supplies a negative voltage thereto, and an electrostatic direct current (DC) that supplies a positive voltage. ) A voltage generator 5 is connected (see FIGS. 1A and 1B).

  The insulated conductor layers 1 to 3 are, for example, arranged in parallel with an interval of 5 mm between the respective layers and connected to each other, and are connected to the negative or positive voltage generators 4 and 5. The insulated conducting wire layers 1 to 3 charged negatively or positively are represented by an insulated conducting wire layer (−) and an insulated conducting wire layer (+), respectively, in FIG. The insulated conductive wire layers 1 to 3 are housed in a frame to form an electrostatic barrier forming window. In that case, the central insulated conductor layer 2 is a (+) layer and the insulated conductor layers 1 and 3 on both sides are (−) layers. These three layers are arranged in parallel and at an interval of about 5 mm, and adjacent layers. The insulated conductor layers inside are offset from each other vertically (see FIG. 1).

  The voltage generators 4 and 5 are coupled to each other to form an electric circuit that generates an electric field between the insulated conductor layers 1 and 3 that are (−) layers and the insulated conductor layer 2 that is (+) layers. (FIG. 1 (B)). Both voltage generators 4 and 5 can continue to operate using, for example, a 12 V storage battery 6 supplied with power from a 15 W solar panel as a power source. In this system, free electrons from the (+) layer of the insulated conductor layer 2 are pushed out to the (−) layer of the insulated conductor layers 1 and 3, and the electric charge on the opposite surface of the insulated conductor layer causes an electric field between them. Works as a dipole to form.

  Reference numeral 7 in FIG. 1 indicates a galvanometer (PC7000; Sanwa Electric Instruments Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) incorporated in the electric wire between the voltage generators 4 and 5.

  The fine particulate matter trapping device according to the present invention is assembled in a window frame or the like of a general household, and the fine particles in the smoke that is about to flow into the room are generated by the electric field generated by the insulated conductor layers 1 to 3. It is intended to capture.

  The effectiveness of the microparticulate matter trapping apparatus according to the present invention, that is, whether or not the fine particles in the smoke can be sufficiently trapped by the electric field generated by the insulated conductor layers 1 to 3 is confirmed. The test for was done. The test was performed by installing an apparatus (EWS12) according to the present invention contracted to a test size (20 × 20 cm) on one side of a wooden cubic box (side length, 25 cm) and a shaft on the other side. A test box 11 to which a flow fan 13 is attached is produced (FIG. 2A), and a test apparatus is produced in which the test box 11 is housed in a sealed larger transparent acrylic box (120 × 90 × 100 cm) 14. (FIG. 2B).

  In order to confirm the ability of the device according to the present invention to capture fine particles in smoke using this test device, Mosquito Coyle (Earth Pharmaceutical, Tokyo, Japan), compressed cherry blossoms for meat making Smoke was generated using wood sawdust (Shinfuji burner, Toyokawa, Japan) and cigarettes (Nippon Tobacco Inc., Tokyo, Japan). The range of emitted particles was 0.5-2.5 mm when burning.

  A burning mosquito coil or shaving lump and cigarette are put in an acrylic box 14, the axial fan 13 of the test box 11 is operated, and internal air is circulated at 3 m / second to generate smoke continuously. The wind speed was measured on the surface of the EWS 12 using a highly sensitive anemometer (Kurimo Master 6533; Kanomax, Tokyo, Japan). The particle density in the circulated air was measured with a monitor 15 installed in the test box 11 (dust monitor dust meter DC1100 Pro, Sato Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan; measurable dust range: 0.5-2. 5 mm).

When the particle density reaches a certain level (number of particles: 1.5 × 10 8 particles / m ³ ), the smoke source is removed, and then the insulated conductor layers 1 to 3 are connected to the same negative and positive voltage (0.5 to 4.. 5 kV) was charged for 120 seconds, and the voltage range for capturing all of the particles passing through EWS 12 was determined.

  FIG. 3 shows the percentage of fine particles of mosquito coil smoke trapped by the EWS 12 charged at different voltages for an air flow of 3 m / sec (the maximum wind speed of the test apparatus). Note that an uncharged box is prepared as a negative control, and assuming that 100% of the particles pass through the EWS 12 in the uncharged box, the number of particles in the charged box according to the present invention is expressed as a percentage of that of the uncharged box. did. The experiment was repeated 5 times, and the data were calculated as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Significant differences between data were analyzed using the Tukey method and a p-value <0.05 was determined to be statistically significant.

  As is apparent from the graph of FIG. 3, the number of detected fine particles decreases as the applied voltage increases. In this electric field, the particles are affected by electrostatic traction and airflow forces, and the direction of particle motion is determined by the combined vector of these two forces. EWS12 was able to capture all of the fine smoke particles in the electric field generated when the applied voltage to the electrode exceeded 4.5 kV (see d), but it was generated by the electric field at lower voltages. Since the force was weaker than the force of the air flow, the particles passed through the EWS 12 (see a, b, c).

  The EWS 12 was created as having a large number of electric fields with no gaps, because it was thought that the success of trapping microparticulate matter depends on the formation of an electrostatic barrier with no space for the particles to pass through. . Of course, an important step in forming this electric field is to charge the insulated conducting wire layers 1-3. For this purpose, using a high voltage generated through the cockcroft circuit (Wegener 2002) of the two voltage generators 4 and 5, electrons are added to the insulating conductor layers 1 and 3, and electrons are pushed out of the insulating conductor layer 2, The electrode was charged.

  In the microparticulate matter trapping apparatus according to the present invention, in addition to its ability to trap particles, low power consumption is a practically important feature. Japan is constantly exposed to frequent catastrophic crises, such as those that occur after an earthquake, in which case the capture of fine particulate matter is stopped. In the case of this device, the voltage generators 4 and 5 are the only drive parts that require a power supply, and their power is only 5 W, which corresponds to the power of a small bulb. Therefore, the solar power generation method can be used as a method for supplying power to the voltage generators 4 and 5.

  In this apparatus, it is assumed that the pulling of the fine particles in the electric field is caused by the dielectrophoresis of the fine particles by the non-uniform electric field. Dielectrophoresis is a phenomenon in which force is applied to dielectric particles (particles of opposite polarity) in a non-uniform electric field. This force does not require the particles to be charged. This is because all particles exhibit dielectrophoretic activity in the presence of a non-uniform electric field. The particles were dielectrically polarized because the non-uniform electric field was generated by the circular cross-section electrode used in this test.

  According to this dielectrophoretic theory, the polarization of particles proportional to the surrounding electric field varies along the gradient of the electric field strength. This variable polarization allows the particles to move toward the electrode. In fact, the particles moved towards the nearest electrode, ie in the direction that the electric field strength generated by the electrode increased. In the present invention, the electrodes were reverse charged by equal voltages, so both electrodes produced the same field strength gradient. These reversely charged electrodes exerted the same traction force on the particles. The gradient of the electric field intensity increased with the voltage applied to the electrodes, and as a result, both electrodes generated sufficient force to trap the particles.

  As described above, the microparticulate trapping device according to the present invention improves the human environment using basic electrostatics, and its configuration is very simple, easy to manufacture and relatively It can be supplied at low cost, operates normally with low power consumption, and can capture fine particles contained in smoke efficiently by the principle of dielectrophoresis. The potential is enormous.

1-3 Insulated conductor layer 4, 5 Voltage generator 6 Storage battery 7 Current detector

Claims (3)

A negative charge is supplied to the three insulated conductor layers and two outer insulated conductor layers of the three insulated conductor layers, and a positive charge is applied to the central insulated conductor layer of the three insulated conductor layers. With two voltage generators to supply,
The three-layer insulated conductor layers are arranged in parallel at an appropriate interval, and the insulated conductor wires in adjacent layers are offset from each other.   The microparticulate matter trapping device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage generator operates using a storage battery supplied with power from a solar panel as a power source.   The microparticulate matter trapping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a voltage applied by the voltage generator is 4.5 kV or more.