JP2019018151A - Fresh water generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fresh water generating apparatus that does not require a large amount of heat energy as in the prior art, can generate fresh water efficiently with a simpler structure, and can reduce installation costs including maintenance costs.
SOLUTION: A storage liquid X such as seawater or contaminated water is vaporized in a first storage tank 2, and water vapor is circulated to a second storage tank 3 through a first conduction pipe 4. In the second storage tank 3, water vapor is adsorbed on the second adsorbing material 31 to condense and drops downward to produce fresh water Y. By eliminating a part of the air in the apparatus with the decompression means 6 provided in the first conducting pipe 4, the proportion of water vapor in the apparatus is increased, and the boiling point of the storage liquid X is lowered by the decompression. The vaporization phenomenon was promoted so that fresh water Y could be generated efficiently.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a fresh water generating apparatus that freshens seawater, sludge water, oil water, industrial waste water, or the like.

  Conventionally, as a method for desalinating seawater or the like, the method of heating and evaporating seawater to cool and recooling to fresh water is generally used and distilled under reduced pressure to improve thermal efficiency. A multistage flash system combined with a decompression chamber is employed (Patent Document 1). According to this method, the salt concentration of the produced fresh water is low and less than about 5 ppm, but a large amount of fresh water can be produced.

  In recent years, a method has been adopted in which fresh water is squeezed by concentrating and removing salt from seawater by applying pressure to fresh water and passing it through a kind of filtration membrane called a reverse osmosis membrane (so-called RO membrane). A large-scale plant exceeding 10,000 tons has been constructed. RO membranes need to be filtered by higher pressure as the salt concentration of the original seawater is higher and the salt concentration of the fresh water to be obtained is lower, for example, by pressure from a high-pressure pump such as a turbine pump or a plunger pump. Various membranes having a complicated structure called a hollow fiber membrane or a spiral membrane have been proposed so as to withstand this pressure (Patent Document 2).

JP-A-10-71320 Japanese Patent No. 4113568

  However, although the multi-stage flash method can generate a large amount of fresh water, the quality of seawater is not questioned, but the thermal efficiency is extremely poor and a large amount of energy is required. In addition, since the RO membrane is used while being pressurized with a pump, the amount of fresh water generated is about 5% in the case of seawater, and only about 10% is generated in sludge water or oil water. In addition, since the RO membrane is clogged, it has become necessary to perform regular maintenance to eliminate clogging by reverse pressurization or to appropriately replace the RO membrane itself. In these conventional systems, there is a problem that the cost for constructing and operating as a fresh water generation plant including the maintenance cost is high, and the cost is inevitably high from the viewpoint of the fresh water generation efficiency. I didn't.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a fresh water generating apparatus that does not require a large amount of heat energy as in the prior art, can generate fresh water efficiently with a simpler configuration, and can reduce installation costs including maintenance costs. That was the issue.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the fresh water generating apparatus according to the present invention contains a storage liquid such as seawater, sludge water, oil water, or industrial wastewater, and discharges the first water supply port for sucking in air, and water vapor evaporated from the storage liquid. A first storage tank provided with a first exhaust port, a first second air supply port for supplying water vapor discharged from the first exhaust port, and water droplets condensed and adsorbed and condensed. Has a second storage tank provided with one or a plurality of condensing substrates suspended so as to drop from the lower end side, a second exhaust port for discharging air, and one end of the first storage tank. A first conducting pipe that communicates with one exhaust port, the other end communicates with the second air supply port, an end communicates with the second exhaust port of the second storage tank, and the other end communicates with the first air supply port. Circulate in the order of the second conduction pipe communicated with the first storage tank, the first conduction pipe, the second storage tank, the second conduction pipe, and the first storage tank. While excluding the air in the first conduction pipe or the second conduction pipe so as to allow the air in the first storage tank, the first conduction pipe, the second storage tank and the second conduction pipe, The pressure reducing means reduces pressure so as to increase the proportion of water vapor vaporized from the storage liquid, and includes a decompression means for turning off the operation at any stage where the proportion of water vapor gradually increases.

  Further, in the fresh water generating apparatus, preferably, the first storage tank is suspended with one or a plurality of first water-absorbing base materials whose lower ends are immersed in the storage liquid, and the second storage tank is As the condensing base material, one or a plurality of second water-absorbing base materials that adsorb and condense the water vapor on the upper end side and drop the condensed water droplets from the lower end side are suspended. It is characterized by.

  In the fresh water generating apparatus, preferably, the first and second water-absorbing substrates are made of synthetic zeolite in which each pore diameter of the porous structure is formed to be the size of water molecules.

  In the fresh water generating apparatus, preferably, the first and second water-absorbing substrates are made of nanocarbon in which each pore diameter of the porous structure is formed to a size of water molecules.

  In the fresh water generating apparatus, preferably, the first and second water-absorbing base materials are made of a fabric excellent in water absorption.

  Further, in the fresh water generating apparatus, preferably, the plurality of condensing base materials or the second water absorbing base material of the second storage tank are suspended side by side so as to be zigzag with respect to the flow direction of the water vapor. It is characterized by that.

  In addition, the fresh water generator preferably includes a first heating means for heating the stored liquid on the lower side of the first storage tank.

  In addition, the fresh water generator is preferably characterized in that a cooling means for cooling the inside of the second storage tank is provided around the second storage tank.

  In addition, the fresh water generator preferably includes a second heating means for heating the air flowing from the second discharge port of the second storage tank to the first air supply port of the first storage tank in the second conduction pipe. It is characterized by becoming.

  Moreover, the fresh water generating apparatus is preferably characterized in that the second heating means is a heat pump.

  In addition, the fresh water generator is preferably configured such that one or more condensing base materials or second water-absorbing base materials of the second storage tank are suspended from above the second storage tank and the interior of the second storage tank. Forming a one-way flow path that can reciprocate in the horizontal direction a plurality of times in the second storage tank until the water vapor is fed from the second air supply port and discharged from the second exhaust port. It is characterized by being.

  Further, in the fresh water generating device, preferably, the first conduction pipe has an inner diameter that gradually increases from the first discharge port toward the second air supply port, and the second conduction pipe extends from the second exhaust port. The inner diameter decreases gradually toward the first air supply port.

  In addition, the fresh water generator preferably includes a plurality of the second storage tanks, and communicates in series with each other between the first storage tank and each second storage tank via the first conduction pipe, and the last storage tank. The second storage tank and the first storage tank are communicated with each other through a second conduction pipe.

  Further, in the fresh water generating device, preferably, each of the first conducting pipes has an inner diameter that gradually increases in the direction of water vapor flow, and the second conducting pipe has an inner diameter that gradually decreases in the direction of air flow. It is said.

  According to the fresh water generating apparatus according to the present invention, the water vapor obtained by vaporizing the storage liquid in the first storage tank is circulated to the second storage tank by the blowing means and dropped in the second storage tank. A relatively large amount of water vapor can be generated in the second storage tank by increasing the water vapor occupied in the fresh water generation device while providing the pressure reducing means to eliminate the air in the fresh water generation device. It can condense and generate fresh water more efficiently. In addition, since fresh water can be generated with the power required for the air blowing means and the temporary power required until the pressure reducing means is turned off, the operation cost can be greatly reduced compared to the prior art, and a simple configuration can be achieved. Therefore, the installation cost can be reduced. As a result, even in a developing country, a desert, an unexplored area, or the like, fresh water Y can be generated in a power-saving and efficient manner, for example, by providing a small solar panel or the like.

  Further, the air blown by the blowing means is dried by passing through the second storage tank, and is returned to the air supply side of the first storage tank from the second conduction pipe, that is, the refluxed air is Since it will be blown to the first storage tank as dry air having a higher temperature than before passing through the circulation cycle, it is possible to further promote the vaporization phenomenon with respect to the stored liquid in the first storage tank than the previous time. It is possible to promote storage of condensed fresh water in the second storage tank.

  Further, according to the fresh water generating device, by providing the first water-absorbing base material and the second water-absorbing base material, the lower end of the first water-absorbing base material is immersed in a storage liquid such as seawater stored in a storage tank. In the first water-absorbing material, only water from the storage liquid instantaneously permeates, and the water is vaporized by the air blowing means and is discharged into the second storage tank as water vapor. The water vapor is adsorbed inside the second water-absorbing base material of the second water-absorbing base material, and is condensed by releasing heat while penetrating the inside of the second water-absorbing material downward. And drops in the second storage tank, and fresh water can be stored in the second storage.

  Further, according to the fresh water generating apparatus, the first and second water-absorbing substrates are made of synthetic zeolite or nanocarbon in which each pore diameter of the porous structure is formed to the size of water molecules, or a fabric excellent in water absorption. By comprising, only the water | moisture content of storage liquids, such as seawater stored in the 1st storage tank, can be penetrate | infiltrated efficiently, and a fresh water production | generation can be accelerated | stimulated.

  Further, according to the fresh water generating device, the plurality of condensing base materials or the second water absorbing base material of the second storage tank are arranged in a zigzag shape with respect to the flow direction of the water vapor. Water vapor can be circulated through the longer path between the condensing base material or the second water-absorbing base material so as to be efficiently adsorbed, and the generation of fresh water can be further promoted.

  Further, according to the fresh water generating apparatus, the first heating means for heating the storage liquid is provided on the lower side of the first storage tank, so that vaporization of the storage liquid can be promoted, and a larger amount of water vapor can be generated. Fresh water can be efficiently generated by condensing in the second storage tank.

  Further, according to the fresh water generating device, the cooling means for cooling the inside of the second storage tank is provided on the lower side of the second storage tank, so that the condensation of water vapor in the second storage tank is promoted and more efficient. Fresh water can be generated.

  Further, according to the fresh water generating device, the second conducting pipe is provided with the second heating means for heating the air flowing from the second discharge port of the second storage tank to the first air supply port of the first storage tank. Can supply high-temperature air to the first storage tank, promote vaporization of the storage liquid in the first storage tank, and efficiently condense a larger amount of water vapor in the second storage tank. It can produce fresh water.

  In addition, according to the fresh water generating apparatus, the second heating means is a heat pump, and particularly when the cooling means is provided in the second storage tank, the thermal energy is taken out from the low-temperature air, and the second cost can be reduced. The air supplied into one storage tank can be heated.

  Further, according to the fresh water generating device, the inside of the second storage tank is partitioned by the base material for condensation or the second water-absorbing base material, and the flow path is formed so that water vapor reciprocates a plurality of times in the second storage tank. Thus, the fresh water can be generated more efficiently with a simple configuration by effectively using the internal space of the second storage tank without increasing the size. Moreover, the water vapor can be smoothly circulated in the second storage tank 3 by forming the water vapor distribution path in one way.

  Further, according to the fresh water generating device, the temperature decreases as the pressure in the first conduit pipe gradually decreases due to the increase in the inner diameter of the first conduit pipe in the direction of the flow of water vapor or air. The water vapor circulated to the second storage tank can be condensed, and the inner diameter of the second conducting pipe is gradually reduced, so that the temperature increases as the pressure in the second conducting pipe gradually increases. The air that rises and has a higher temperature can be refluxed to the first storage tank, and the vaporization of the storage liquid X in the first storage tank can be promoted.

  Moreover, according to the fresh water production | generation apparatus, the opportunity to make water vapor condense and drop by providing multiple 2nd storage tanks can produce fresh water Y more reliably.

  Furthermore, according to the fresh water generator, the pressure in each first conduit pipe is reduced by providing a plurality of second storage tanks and increasing the inner diameter of each first conduit pipe in the direction of water vapor flow. As the temperature decreases, the condensation of water vapor in the second storage tank can be promoted more efficiently and with less power consumption.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of the fresh water production | generation apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows the structure of a 2nd storage tank. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the fresh water production | generation apparatus of another Example. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the fresh water production | generation apparatus of another Example. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the conduction pipe | tube of another Example. It is a top view which shows the internal structure of the conduction | electrical_connection pipe and 2nd storage tank of another Example. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the fresh water production | generation apparatus of another Example.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a fresh water generating apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The fresh water generating apparatus 1 includes, as a basic configuration, a first storage tank 2 in which a storage liquid X is stored, a second storage tank 3 that condenses water vapor evaporated from the storage liquid, and water vapor evaporated from the storage liquid X. The first conducting pipe 4 that circulates to the second storage tank 3 and the second conducting pipe 5 that circulates the air after steam condensation from the second storage tank 3 to the first storage tank 2, A first water absorbing base material 21 is suspended from the storage tank 2, and a second water absorbing base material 31 is suspended from the second storage tank 3.

  In addition, the first conducting pipe 4 is provided with a decompression means 6 for decompressing the fresh water generating device 1. Further, below the first storage tank 2, first heating means 24 for warming the storage liquid X is provided, and around the second storage tank 3, the internal space of the second storage tank 3 is cooled. A cooling means 32 that promotes condensation of water vapor is provided, and the second conduction pipe 5 is circulated in the fresh water generating apparatus 1 by blowing air with the second heating means 8 that warms the air supplied to the first storage tank 2. A blowing means 7 is provided.

  The first storage tank 2 can be opened and closed, and is a closed casing when closed, in which a storage liquid X is stored. The storage liquid X is seawater, sludge water, oil water, industrial wastewater or the like for the purpose of generating fresh water Y. In the storage liquid X, lower end portions of the plurality of first water-absorbing base materials 21 are immersed. In addition, if the said lower end part can be comprised so that immersion in the stock solution X can be carried out, it can also be suspended from the upper direction of the 1st storage tank 2, or can be mounted below. The first storage tank 2 is vaporized from the first air supply port 22 to which the air blown by the blowing means 7 is supplied and the stored liquid X of the first storage tank 2 through the first water-absorbing substrate 21. A first discharge port 23 for discharging the water vapor is formed. Although not shown, the first storage tank 2 is provided with an inlet for storing the storage liquid X and an outlet for taking out the residue, which can be opened and closed.

  The first water-absorbing substrate 21 is fired for a long time under strict temperature control using a specially constructed firing furnace that can be heated in 1 ° C increments in a high temperature range of 800 to 2000 ° C developed by the present applicant. By doing so, each pore size of the porous structure is made of synthetic zeolite formed to the same diameter as water molecules, and when immersed in the storage liquid X, only water molecules can be adsorbed instantaneously in this porous portion. When functioning and adsorbing water vapor, the water vapor can be condensed and extracted as distilled water. As a water-absorbing material exhibiting the same function, a nanocarbon material can be used, or a fabric woven into a water molecule diameter can be used.

  Further, below the first storage tank 2, a first heating means 24 that heats the storage liquid X and promotes vaporization is provided. Therefore, the storage liquid X can promote vaporization efficiently without lowering the heat conduction efficiency when the water level is lowered as much as possible. The first heating means 24 may cause the water heater to settle in the stored water X, or a sheet-like heater may be laid outside the bottom surface of the first storage tank 2 to store the stored liquid X. Any configuration may be used as long as it can be heated.

  The second storage tank 3 can be opened and closed, and is a sealed casing when closed, and a plurality of second water-absorbing base materials 31 are suspended from above as a base material for condensation. The second water-absorbing base material 31 is the same as the first water-absorbing base material 21, and the water vapor circulated from the first storage tank 2 through the first conducting pipe 4 to the second water-absorbing base material 31. It is configured to adsorb and reduce the heat sequentially while penetrating the inside downward, and then drop downward from the lower end of the second water-absorbing base material 31 so that fresh water Y is stored in the second storage tank 2. ing. Further, the second storage tank 3 is formed with a second air supply port 32 for supplying water vapor from the first storage tank 2 and a second exhaust port 33 for discharging air that has lost water vapor. Although not shown, a discharge port for discharging the fresh water Y stored in the second storage tank 3 is provided below the side surface of the second storage tank 3.

  Further, as described above, the cooling means 34 for cooling the inside of the second storage tank 3 is provided around the outside of the second storage tank 3. The cooling means 34 is a well-known refrigeration apparatus such as a freezer, and can cool the inside of the second storage tank 3 to promote condensation of the water vapor and generate fresh water Y more efficiently. .

  Moreover, as shown in the top view of the 2nd storage tank 3 of FIG. 2, the several 2nd water absorption base material 31 is suspended by the zigzag shape with respect to the flow direction of water vapor | steam. Thereby, water vapor can be circulated along the long path between the plurality of second water-absorbing base materials 31, water vapor can be adsorbed to the second water-absorbing base material 31 more efficiently, and the generation of fresh water Y is promoted. Can do. In addition, in the present Example, although the said 2nd water absorption raw material 31 was used as a base material for condensation, you may use the base material which can adsorb | suck water vapor | steams, such as a bowl-shaped member efficiently.

  The first conducting pipe 4 communicates the first exhaust port 23 of the first storage tank 2 and the second air supply port 32 of the second storage tank 3, and stores the water vapor evaporated in the first storage tank 2 in the second storage. It is circulated to the tank 3. Further, as described above, the decompression means 6 is provided in the first conducting tube 4.

  The second conducting pipe 5 communicates the first exhaust port 33 of the second storage tank 3 and the first air supply port 23 of the first storage tank 2, and air that has lost water vapor in the second storage tank 3. Is distributed to the first storage tank 2. The second conducting pipe 5 is provided with the second heating means 6.

  The decompression means 6 is a known decompression device such as a compressor or a vacuum pump communicating with the vicinity of the second discharge port 33 of the second storage tank 3, and includes the first storage tank 2 and the second storage of the fresh water generator 1. Air (oxygen and nitrogen) in the tank 3, the first conducting pipe 4 and the second conducting pipe 5 is gradually discharged to the outside, and the inside of the fresh water generating apparatus 1 is decompressed. Thereby, the ratio of the water vapor | steam which occupies in the said fresh water production | generation apparatus 1 is increased gradually, and the production | generation of fresh water X can be accelerated | stimulated efficiently by condensing a comparatively large amount of water vapor | steam in the 2nd storage tank 3. Further, the decompression means 6 turns off the operation when the proportion of the water vapor increases so that the water vapor can be condensed efficiently in the second storage tank 3. Therefore, since the decompression means 6 is not operated after that in the state where the ratio of water vapor is increased, it is possible to contribute to power saving in the operation of the fresh water generator 1. Further, a more preferable ratio of water vapor is 100% when the water vapor evaporated in the first storage tank 2 flows into the second storage tank 3 through the first conduction pipe 4 and is discharged from the second storage tank 3. It is better to have a low rate when doing so. In addition, since the boiling point is lowered by the reduced pressure, there is also an action of promoting the vaporization of the storage liquid X stored in the first storage tank 2.

  The air blowing means 7 is a blower fan and is installed in the second conducting pipe 5 in the vicinity of the first storage tank 2, and the water vapor vaporized in the first storage tank 2 by the air blown by the air blowing means 7 is first. This is sent out to the conducting tube 4. In the present embodiment, the air blowing means 7 is provided in the second conduction pipe 5 so as to send out the water vapor to the first conduction pipe 4, but this is provided in the first conduction pipe 4 to supply the water vapor. You may comprise so that it may inhale to the one conduction pipe | tube 4. FIG.

  The second heating means 8 is a heat pump, which is installed between the second conducting pipes 5 as described above, heats the air cooled in the second storage tank 3 with power saving, and has a high temperature. Air can be circulated to the first storage tank 2. In addition, the said 2nd heating means 8 may be other heaters, if the air discharged | emitted from the 2nd storage tank 3 can be heated.

  Here, the temperature of the internal space of the first storage tank 2 for efficiently promoting the vaporization of the storage liquid X is set to about 45 ° C. to 60 ° C. by the heating of the first heating means 24 and the second heating means 8. It is preferable to do this. On the other hand, the temperature of the internal space of the second storage tank 3 that efficiently promotes the condensation of water vapor is preferably set to about 3 ° C. by the cooling of the cooling means 34.

  Moreover, the code | symbol 9 in FIG. 1 is the injection tank 9 for connecting with the 1st storage tank 2 and filling the storage liquid X, such as seawater. The injection tank 9 communicates with the lower part of the first storage tank 2 below the injection tank 9, and when the storage liquid X is poured, the storage liquid X in the first storage tank 2 is vaporized from below. One storage tank 2 is filled.

  Reference numeral 10 denotes an extraction tank 10 that communicates with the second storage tank 3 and extracts the generated fresh water Y. The take-out tank 10 communicates with the lower part of the second storage tank 3 below the fresh water Y as the fresh water Y is generated in the second storage tank 3, and the fresh water in the take-out tank 10. The water level of Y rises.

  Thus, by providing the injection tank 9 and the extraction tank 10 and storing the storage liquid X or fresh water Y in these, the first storage tank 2, the first conduction pipe 4, the second storage tank 3, and the second conduction pipe 5 Can be maintained in a sealed state, and the effect of the decompression means 6 can be further exhibited.

  The circulation cycle of the fresh water generating apparatus 1 configured as described above is as follows. First, only the water molecules of the storage liquid X stored in the first storage tank 2 are instantaneously adsorbed on the first water-absorbing base material 21 and are vaporized inside the first storage tank 2 to become water vapor. At this time, the vaporization phenomenon is further promoted by the heating of the first heating means 24, part of the air is eliminated by the decompression means 6, and the proportion of water vapor can be condensed in the second storage tank 3 efficiently. Has increased to a degree. The decompression means 6 is turned off at this stage. And by the ventilation of the said ventilation means 7, the said water vapor | steam is distribute | circulated from the 1st discharge port 22 to the 2nd storage tank 3 via the 1st conduction pipe 4. FIG.

  While the water vapor sent from the second air supply port 32 into the second storage tank 3 circulates between the second water absorbing base materials 31 arranged in a zigzag shape, the second water absorbing base material 31 In the second storage tank 3 that is adsorbed by the cooling means 34 and is cooled by the cooling means 34, the heat is released and condensed while penetrating the inside of the second water-absorbing material 31 downward. It falls as water droplets from the lower end. In this way, fresh water Y is stored in the second storage tank 3. The blown air that has lost its water vapor and is dried is discharged from the second discharge port 33, heated by the second heating means 8, and returned to the first storage tank 2 as dry air having a high temperature. Thus, since the air once refluxed has a higher temperature and dried than before passing through the reflux cycle, the vaporization phenomenon of the storage liquid X can be further promoted.

  Finally, the residue after the storage liquid X is vaporized in the first storage tank 2 is taken out from the discharge port (not shown) and discarded. On the other hand, the fresh water Y stored in the second storage tank 3 is extracted from the extraction tank 10 and used.

  According to such a fresh water generating apparatus 1, since fresh water Y can be efficiently generated from the stored liquid X at a lower cost than in the prior art, and since it has a simple configuration, its installation cost is low. Can also be reduced.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the fresh water generating apparatus 1 of the second embodiment configured more simply.

  As shown in the figure, the fresh water generating apparatus 1 includes the first storage tank 2, the second storage tank 3, the first conduction pipe 4, the second conduction pipe 5, the decompression means 6, and the air blowing means 7. The decompression means 6 occupies the water vapor evaporated from the stored liquid while excluding air in the fresh water generating device 1 of the first storage tank 2, the first conduction pipe 4, the second storage tank 3 and the second conduction pipe 5. The pressure is reduced to increase the ratio, and the operation is performed at a stage where the ratio of water vapor gradually increases, for example, at a stage where the ratio of water vapor is increased to such an extent that the second storage tank 3 can condense water vapor efficiently. Turn off. This relatively large amount of water vapor is circulated to the second storage tank 3 through the first conducting pipe 4 by the blowing of the blowing means 7. The second storage tank 3 is provided with the plurality of second water-absorbing base materials 31 or other condensing base materials suspended from above in a zigzag shape as shown in FIG. The water vapor is adsorbed on the second water-absorbing base material 21 or other base material for condensing, releases heat and condenses as it permeates the inside downward, and drops from the lower end thereof to the lower side. . Thus, the fresh water generator 1 can store the fresh water X in the second storage tank 3. Moreover, since the dry high temperature air is discharged | emitted from the 2nd storage tank 3, and it recirculate | refluxs to the 1st storage tank 2, the vaporization phenomenon of the stored liquid X can be promoted more.

  Since the fresh water generator 1 has a simpler configuration than the fresh water generator 1 of the above embodiment, the installation cost can be reduced, and further, the second storage tank 3 can condense water vapor so that water vapor can be condensed efficiently. Since the operation of the decompression means 6 is turned off at the stage when the ratio is increased, fresh water Y can be generated only by the power supply required for the blower means 7 except for temporary power until the decompression means 6 is turned off. , Its operational cost can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, the structure of the injection tank 9 and the extraction tank 10 of the said Example and its effect are the same as that of the vacuum production | generation apparatus 1 of said 1st Example.

  As another embodiment, the fresh water generating apparatus 1 of the third embodiment is not particularly shown, but the decompression means 6 is removed from the configuration shown in FIG. It is good also as a structure which provides the 1st water absorption base material 21 in this. As described above, since the first water-absorbing substrate 21 adsorbs only water molecules instantaneously and promotes the vaporization phenomenon, water vapor can be efficiently distributed to the second storage tank 3. According to the fresh water generating apparatus 1, the installation cost can be reduced with a simpler configuration, and the fresh water Y can be generated only by the power supplied to the blowing means 7, so that the operation cost can be further reduced.

  The fresh water generating apparatus 1 according to the second and third embodiments can generate fresh water Y with a simpler configuration. That is, the first heating means 24, the cooling means 24, and the second heating means 8 of the first embodiment are for promoting the vaporization phenomenon in the first storage tank 2 or the condensation in the second storage tank 3. . Therefore, it is possible to selectively determine whether or not these components are installed for the purpose of assisting the vaporization of the storage liquid X and the condensation of water vapor in the fresh water generator 1.

  Further, as another embodiment, the fresh water generating apparatus 1 of the fourth embodiment is not particularly shown, but the inner diameters (inner widths) of the first conducting tube 4 and the first conducting tube 5 of the first to third embodiments. ) Along the length direction, the fresh water Y can be generated in a more efficient and power-saving manner. In addition, the said 1st conduction | electrical_connection pipe 4 and the 2nd conduction | electrical_connection pipe 5 may be polygonal cylindrical shapes other than a cylindrical shape.

  Specifically, the first conducting pipe 4 is formed so that its inner diameter gradually increases gradually along the length direction from the first exhaust port 23 to the second air supply port 32. Thereby, as the pressure in the 1st conduction pipe 4 falls gradually, temperature falls and it can accelerate | stimulate condensation of the water vapor | steam distribute | circulated to the 2nd storage tank 3. FIG.

  On the contrary, the second conducting pipe 5 is formed so that its inner diameter gradually decreases gradually along the length direction from the second exhaust port 33 to the first air supply port 22. Thereby, as the pressure in the second conducting pipe 5 gradually increases, the temperature rises, and air having a higher temperature can be recirculated to the first storage tank 2. The vaporization of the liquid X can be promoted. By forming the inner diameters of the first conducting pipe 4 and the second conducting pipe 5 in this way, the temperature can be lowered and raised with power saving, and the vaporization of the stored water X and the condensation of water vapor can be promoted. .

  At this time, the second heating means 8 shown in the first to third embodiments may be selectively determined for the purpose of assisting the vaporization of the storage liquid X as described above. Further, the air blowing means 7 is preferably provided in both the first conducting pipe 4 and the second conducting pipe 5, and furthermore, a relatively large blower is provided on the second storage tank 3 side where both inner diameters are widened. By providing the fan, it is possible to increase the circulation speed of the water vapor and the air in the conducting pipe in which the inner diameters of both of them are narrowed to promote the circulation.

  Next, the fresh water generating apparatus 1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. Compared with the thing of the said 3rd Example, the fresh water production | generation apparatus 1 which concerns on a present Example has the structure of the some 2nd water absorption base material of the 1st conduction pipe 4, the 2nd conduction pipe 5, and the 2nd storage tank 3. As shown in FIG. Mainly different.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the fresh water generating apparatus 1 according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 5 illustrates the first storage tank 2, the second storage tank 3, the first conduction pipe 4, and the second conduction pipe 5. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the second storage tank 3 in plan view. In FIGS. 5 and 6, illustration of a configuration that is not described is omitted.

  As shown in FIG.4 and FIG.5, the said fresh water production | generation apparatus 1 has the 1st conduction | electrical_connection pipe 4 and the 2nd conduction | electrical_connection pipe 5 running in parallel from the same side surface of the 1st storage tank 2 to the upper surface of the 2nd storage tank 3, The 1st storage tank 2 and the 2nd storage tank 3 are connected. In addition, the air blowing means 7 disposed in the vicinity of the first storage tank 2 in the first conduction pipe 4 is configured such that water vaporized from the storage liquid X in the first storage tank 2 flows from the first exhaust pipe 23 to the first conduction pipe 4. And it blows so that it may distribute | circulate to the 2nd storage tank 3 through the 2nd air supply port 32. FIG. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the air blowing means 7 disposed in the vicinity of the first storage tank 2 in the second conducting pipe 5 has the air that has lost water vapor in the second storage tank 3, from the second exhaust port 33. The air is blown so as to return to the first storage tank 2 through the second conducting pipe 5 and the first air inlet 22. In addition, the said 1st conduction | electrical_connection pipe 4 and the 2nd conduction | electrical_connection pipe can also be formed so that the internal diameter (inner width) may increase or decrease like the said Example.

  FIG. 6 is a plan view of the internal structure of the second storage tank 3 showing the configuration of the second water-absorbing substrate 31 that condenses and drops the water vapor. In the present embodiment, the second water-absorbing substrate 31 is arranged in a zigzag shape, but in this embodiment, the second water-absorbing substrate 31 is partitioned by the second water-absorbing substrate 31 suspended inside the second storage tank 3 as shown in the figure. The water vapor is arranged so as to reciprocate a plurality of times in the horizontal direction along the one-way flow path. The water vapor sent from the second air supply port 32 in the vicinity of the center on the right side in the drawing makes a halfway reciprocation in the lower side in the drawing, then flows upward on the left side in the drawing, and further makes a halfway in the upper side in the drawing. That is, the water vapor reciprocates in the second storage tank 3 in total. Thereby, the opportunity which water vapor | steam adsorb | sucks to said 2nd water absorption base material 31 can be increased, and the fresh water Y can be produced | generated efficiently because the said adsorbed water vapor condenses and drops. Thereafter, the air that has lost the water vapor is refluxed from the second exhaust port 33 in the vicinity of the center on the right side in the figure to the first storage tank 2 through the second conduction pipe 5.

  Thus, if the 1st conduction pipe 4 and the 2nd conduction pipe 5 are arranged and the base material for condensation in the 2nd storage tank 3 or the 2nd water absorption base material 31 is constituted, the said fresh water generating apparatus 1 will be Even without increasing the size, the internal space of the second storage tank 3 can be used effectively, and the fresh water Y can be generated more efficiently with a simple configuration. Moreover, the water vapor can be smoothly circulated in the second storage tank 3 by forming the water vapor distribution path in one way.

  Further, the fresh water generating apparatus 1 is similar to the first embodiment, in addition to the decompression means 6 or the second heating means 8 shown in FIG. 4, the first heating means 24 or the first heating means 24 of the first storage tank 2 not shown. It is possible to selectively determine whether or not the cooling means 24 of the two storage tanks 3 is installed for the purpose of assisting vaporization of the storage liquid X and condensation of water vapor. In particular, the decompression means 6 is useful from the viewpoint of efficiently obtaining fresh water Y with low power consumption because the operation is turned off at the stage where the proportion of the water vapor is increased by eliminating air. Moreover, the injection tank 9 and the extraction tank 10 shown in FIG. 4 are the same as the description of the said Example.

  In addition, the arrangement | positioning method of the 2nd water absorption base material 31 of a present Example is not restricted to this, The inside of the 2nd storage tank 3 can be reciprocated in multiple times as a distribution channel of water vapor | steam. May be. Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the second air supply port 32 and the second exhaust port 33 are provided on the upper surface of the second storage tank 3, but these are provided on the side surface of the second storage tank 3. , Water vapor may be poured into the flow path shown in FIG. 6 and air may be exhausted.

  Next, the fresh water generator 1 of the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the fresh water generating apparatus 1 according to the sixth embodiment. The fresh water generating apparatus 1 is mainly different from the first embodiment in the configuration in that a plurality of second storage tanks 3 are provided.

  In the present embodiment, the second storage tank 3 is composed of three tanks, a second storage tank 3a, a second storage tank 3b, and a second storage tank 3c, as shown. In each of these second storage tanks 3, as in the second storage tank 3 of the above-described embodiment, one or a plurality of condensing base materials or second water-absorbing base materials 31 are zigzag as in the above-described embodiments. In order to increase the proportion of the water vapor in the fresh water generating device 1, the pressure reducing means 6 that excludes air and the take-out tank for taking out the fresh water Y are suspended. 10 are provided.

  The water vapor that is vaporized in the first storage tank 2 and discharged from the first exhaust port 23 is supplied from the second air supply port 32 to the first second storage tank 3a through the first conduction pipe 4a. The water vapor remaining even after passing through the second storage tank 3a is discharged from the second exhaust port 33 of the second storage tank 3a and supplied to the second second storage tank 3b through the first conduction pipe 4b. The water vapor remaining even after passing through the second storage tank 3b is discharged from the second exhaust port 33 of the second storage tank 3b and supplied to the third second storage tank 3c through the first conduction pipe 4c. . As described above, the fresh water generating apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to increase the chance of water vapor condensing and dropping, and to generate fresh water Y more reliably. And the air which lost water vapor | steam is recirculated | refluxed to the 1st storage tank 2 through the 2nd conduction pipe 5 from the 2nd discharge port 33 of the 3rd 2nd storage tank 3c.

  Also in the fresh water generating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the first heating means 24, the cooling means 24, and the second heating means 8 assist the vaporization phenomenon in the first storage tank 2 or the condensation in each second storage tank 3. For the purpose of promoting, it is possible to selectively determine the presence or absence of installation. Moreover, in the 1st storage tank 2, vaporization may be promoted by the pressure reduction by the pressure reduction means 6 without providing the 1st water absorption base material 21, and the 1st heating means 24 may be provided supplementarily.

  Moreover, in the fresh water production | generation apparatus 1 of a present Example, since the 1st conduction | electrical_connection pipe 4b and the 2nd conduction | electrical_connection pipe 4c are formed in addition to the 1st conduction | electrical_connection pipe | tube 4a of each said Example, in the said 4th Example. The effect of increasing or decreasing the inner diameters (inner widths) of the first and second conducting tubes 4 and 5 shown can be further exhibited.

  Specifically, the first conducting pipe 4 is formed so that its inner diameter gradually increases gradually along the length direction from the first exhaust port 23 to the second air supply port 32. Thereby, as the pressure in the 1st conduction pipe 4a falls gradually, temperature falls and it can accelerate | stimulate condensation of the water vapor | steam distribute | circulated to the 2nd storage tank 3a.

  Further, the first conducting pipe 4b and the first conducting pipe 4c are also formed so that the inner diameter gradually increases gradually along the length direction from the second exhaust port 33 to the second air supply port 32. Thereby, as the pressure in the 1st conduction pipe 4b and the 1st conduction pipe 4c falls gradually, temperature falls, and condensation of the water vapor which distribute | circulated to the 2nd storage tank 3b and the 2nd storage tank 3c is carried out. Can be urged.

  Conversely, the second conducting pipe 5 is formed so that its inner diameter gradually decreases gradually along the length direction from the second exhaust port 33 to the first air supply port 22 of the second storage tank 3c. Yes. Thereby, as the pressure in the second conducting pipe 5 gradually increases, the temperature rises, and air having a higher temperature can be recirculated to the first storage tank 2. The vaporization of the liquid X can be promoted.

  Thus, the structure which comprises the some 2nd storage tank 3, and changed the internal diameter of each conduction | electrical_connection pipe by further providing the 1st conduction | electrical_connection pipe 4b and the 2nd conduction | electrical_connection pipe 4c which reduce the temperature in a conduction | electrical_connection pipe | tube. The effect of the above can be further exhibited, the temperature can be lowered with further power saving, and the condensation of water vapor can be promoted. As in the fourth embodiment, the blower means 7 may be installed in an arbitrary number in the conducting pipe having a larger inner diameter.

  In each of the above embodiments, although not shown, an ultraviolet or infrared irradiator may be provided in the first conducting tube 4. The irradiator can sterilize the water vapor by irradiating the water vapor flowing through the first conducting tube 4 with ultraviolet rays or infrared rays.

  Moreover, since the fresh water generator 1 can adsorb only water molecules to the first water-absorbing substrate 21, it is also possible to generate fresh water Y from contaminated water contaminated with arsenic or cesium contaminated water. . In addition, the fresh water generating apparatus 1 can also generate fresh water Y from waste liquid from a plating factory or a paper factory.

  Since the fresh water generating apparatus 1 according to the present invention can generate fresh water Y with a simple configuration and power saving, the fresh water generating apparatus 1 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. By increasing the ratio and excluding the power required for the temporary decompression means 6, it can be operated only by the power supply required for the blower means 7, so even in developing countries, deserts or unexplored areas, for example, By installing a solar panel or the like, fresh water Y can be generated efficiently and efficiently.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fresh water production | generation apparatus 2 1st storage tank 21 1st water absorption base material 22 1st air supply port 23 1st exhaust port 24 1st heating means 3 2nd storage tank 21 2nd water absorption base material 22 2nd air supply port 23 1st Two exhaust ports 24 Cooling means 4 First conducting pipe 5 Second conducting pipe 6 Depressurizing means 7 Blower means 8 Second heating means X Stock solution Y Fresh water

Claims (14)

First storage comprising a first supply port for storing storage liquid such as seawater, sludge water, oil water, or industrial wastewater, and sucking air, and a first exhaust port for discharging water vapor evaporated from the storage liquid A tank,
A second air supply port for supplying water vapor discharged from the first exhaust port, and one or more suspended so that the water vapor is adsorbed and condensed, and the condensed water droplets drop from the lower end side. A second storage tank comprising a base material for condensation and a second exhaust port for discharging air;
One end communicated with the first exhaust port of the first storage tank, the other end communicated with the second air supply port, and one end communicated with the second exhaust port of the second storage tank, A second conducting pipe having the other end communicating with the first air supply port;
Air blower installed in one or both of the first conduction pipe and the second conduction pipe so as to circulate in the order of the first storage tank, the first conduction pipe, the second storage tank, the second conduction pipe, and the first storage tank. Means,
While excluding air in the first storage tank, the first conduction pipe, the second storage tank and the second conduction pipe, the pressure is reduced to increase the proportion of water vapor evaporated from the storage liquid, and the proportion of water vapor is The fresh water generating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure reducing unit that turns off the operation at any of the stages that are gradually increased. In the first storage tank, one or a plurality of first water-absorbing base materials having a lower end immersed in the storage liquid are suspended.
The second storage tank, as the condensation base material, adsorbs and condenses the water vapor on the upper end side, so that the condensed water droplets drop from the lower end side. The fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein the fresh water generator is suspended.   The fresh water generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first and second water-absorbing substrates are made of synthetic zeolite in which each pore diameter of the porous structure is formed to be the size of water molecules.   The fresh water generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first and second water-absorbing substrates are made of nanocarbon in which each pore diameter of the porous structure is formed to a size of a water molecule. The fresh water generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first and second water-absorbing substrates are made of a fabric excellent in water absorption.   The plurality of condensing base materials or second water-absorbing base materials in the second storage tank are arranged in a zigzag shape with respect to the flow direction of the water vapor. The fresh water production | generation apparatus in any one.   The fresh water generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a first heating unit configured to heat the storage liquid below the first storage tank.   The fresh water generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a cooling means for cooling the inside of the second storage tank around the second storage tank.   The second conducting pipe is provided with second heating means for heating air flowing from the second discharge port of the second storage tank to the first air supply port of the first storage tank. The fresh water generator according to any one of 8.   The fresh water generating apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second heating unit is a heat pump.   One or more condensing base materials or second water-absorbing base materials of the second storage tank are suspended from above the second storage tank to partition the inside of the second storage tank, and the water vapor is supplied to the second supply tank. A one-way flow path is formed which allows the inside of the second storage tank to reciprocate a plurality of times in the horizontal direction until it is fed from the mouth and discharged from the second exhaust port. The fresh water generating device according to any one of 10.   The inner diameter of the first conducting pipe gradually increases from the first exhaust port toward the second air supply port, and the inner diameter of the second conductive pipe increases from the second exhaust port toward the first air supply port. The fresh water generator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the fresh water generator is gradually decreased.   A plurality of the second storage tanks are provided in series with each other between the first storage tank and each of the second storage tanks via a first conduit, and the last second storage tank and the first storage tank are The fresh water generator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the fresh water generator is communicated via a second conducting pipe.   14. The fresh water generation according to claim 13, wherein each of the first conduction pipes has an inner diameter that gradually increases in the direction of water vapor flow, and the second conduction pipe has an inner diameter that gradually decreases in the direction of air flow. apparatus.

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