JP2019014458A - Vehicle occupant restraint system - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to satisfy both the prevention of deterioration of wearing feeling when an adult is worn and the prevention of shoulder slippage at the time of a collision when a child is worn without adding expensive parts or performing manual operation separately.
A retractor of a pretensioner type is disposed behind a belt guide. The seat belt 40 from the retractor 30 via the belt guide 10 extends obliquely downward from the shoulder of the occupant (adult P1, child P2) to restrain the occupant. The belt guide 10 includes an inner side wall portion 14 that extends upward at an end on the occupant side, and a slope wall portion 15 that extends downward from the upper end of the inner side wall portion 14 and that is set to become lower toward the rear. Have. When the tension force of the pretension by the retractor 30 is applied, the seat belt 40 receives a component force toward the occupant side and rides on the slope wall portion 15 (while being guided by the slope wall portion 15) toward the occupant side. Moving.
[Selection] FIG.

Description

  The present invention relates to an occupant restraint device for a vehicle.

  In vehicles, it is common to equip each seat with a seat belt device to protect passengers in the event of a collision. A so-called three-point system is generally used for a seat belt device for a vehicle, and a seat belt that passes through a belt guide disposed in the vicinity of one of the left and right shoulders of an occupant is inclined from one shoulder of the occupant. It extends downward and restrains the occupant. In order to reduce seat belt slack in the event of a vehicle collision, the retractor that winds up the seat belt is generally a pretensioner type, and the tightening force by the seat belt exceeds a predetermined value. In order to prevent this, a load limiter is also commonly used.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a technique that suppresses chest deflection (deformation of ribs) due to a seat belt by displacing a seat belt anchor or a belt guide toward an occupant side during a frontal collision. In the thing of patent document 2, regarding the belt guide, using a spring that urges the belt guide toward the occupant side and a stopper mechanism that uses a piston and cylinder that normally restricts movement toward the occupant side, A device that releases the stopper mechanism and moves the belt guide to the occupant side during a frontal collision is disclosed (paragraph numbers 0034 and 0035). Patent Document 2 discloses, as another example, urging the belt guide toward the occupant using the explosive force of the inflator (paragraph number 0040).

  Patent Document 2 discloses a belt guide whose position in the vehicle width direction can be adjusted by a manual operation in accordance with the passenger's preference.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-88335 JP 2010-23750 A

  By the way, recently, there is a type that uses a booster seat that is placed and fixed on a seat cushion for a child of about 6 to 12 years old. The child seated in this booster seat has almost the same height as the shoulder of an adult seated directly on the seat cushion, so the seat belt device can be used for both adults and children. .

  As described above, when the seat belt is used for both an adult and a child seated on a booster seat, the child's shoulder width is smaller than the shoulder width of the adult, so the seat belt is easily detached from the child's shoulder. At the time of a forward collision, in particular, at the time of an oblique collision in which the child is about to be thrown out on the side opposite to the belt guide, the seat belt is easily detached from the child's shoulder.

  For this reason, it is also conceivable that the belt guide is installed in advance on the occupant side (side closer to the occupant's neck) than usual, assuming that the child wears a seat belt. However, in this case, when an adult wears a seat belt, the seat belt is located near the neck, and the feeling of wearing becomes extremely bad.

  From the above, as described in Patent Document 1, it is conceivable to move the belt guide to the occupant side during a frontal collision. However, it is not preferable to use a spring and a stopper mechanism composed of a piston / cylinder or an inflator for moving the belt guide because it uses expensive parts.

  Further, as described in Patent Document 2, it is conceivable to manually adjust the position of the belt guide in the vehicle width direction. However, it is troublesome to adjust the position of the belt guide by manual operation, and it is easy to forget to make this adjustment.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to prevent the deterioration of the wearing feeling when an adult is wearing, without adding expensive parts or manual operation separately, and It is an object of the present invention to provide an occupant restraint device for a vehicle that can prevent shoulder detachment of a seat belt at the time of a collision when it is worn.

In order to achieve the above object, the following solution is adopted in the present invention. That is, as described in claim 1,
A pretensioner type retractor is disposed behind a belt guide disposed in the vicinity of one of the left and right shoulders of the occupant, and a seat belt passing through the belt guide extends obliquely downward from the shoulder of the occupant. A vehicle occupant restraint device adapted to restrain the occupant
The belt guide has an inner side wall portion extending upward and opening upward at an end on the passenger side,
The belt guide has a slope wall portion that extends from the upper end of the inner side wall portion toward the rear and is set to become lower toward the rear.
It is like that.

  According to the above solution, the seat belt can be placed in a position that is not too close to the neck of an adult occupant during normal times, so that the feeling of wearing the seat belt can be improved. Further, since the seat belt is moved to the occupant side at the time of a frontal collision, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the seat belt comes off the shoulder when the occupant is a child. Further, the movement of the belt guide toward the occupant side is performed by effectively using the tension force due to the pretension and riding on the slope wall portion of the belt guide, so that the structure becomes very simple. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to adjust the position of the belt guide in the vehicle width direction by manual operation, the handling is easy, and the situation of forgetting to adjust the position does not occur. In addition to the above, since the tensile force due to the pretension can be expected as a predetermined constant value, it is preferable to reliably obtain an operation of moving the seat belt to the occupant side while riding on the slope wall portion.

A preferred mode based on the above solution is as described in claim 2 and the following claims. That is,
The belt guide has an outer side wall portion extending upward at an end opposite to the passenger side,
The slope wall portion extends rearward from the outer side wall portion,
(Corresponding to claim 2). In this case, it is preferable to make the slope wall portion sufficiently long in the front-rear direction and to ensure that the seat belt rides on the slope wall portion.

  The inclination angle in the front-rear direction of the upper surface of the slope wall is set to be 30 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal line (corresponding to claim 3). In this case, the inclination angle in the front-rear direction of the slope wall portion is moderated, which is preferable in order to ensure that the seat belt rides on the slope wall portion.

The belt guide is fixed to a member on the vehicle body side in a fixing part set at a position rearward of the inner side wall part,
The rear end of the slope wall portion is located behind the fixed portion,
(Corresponding to claim 4). In this case, it is preferable to make the slope wall portion sufficiently long in the front-rear direction and to ensure that the seat belt rides on the slope wall portion.

  In the belt guide, the upper surface of the front portion, which is positioned immediately below the seat belt in a normal state, is configured to be an inclined surface with a front lowering (corresponding to claim 5). In this case, it becomes possible to set the inclination angle in the front-rear direction of the slope wall portion small while sufficiently securing the height of the inner side wall portion in order to restrict the movement of the seat belt to the occupant side at normal times. This is preferable for allowing the seat belt to easily run on the slope wall when subjected to a tensile force due to pre-tensioning.

  The height position of the belt outlet of the retractor is set to a height between the upper end of the inner side wall portion and the rear end of the slope wall portion (corresponding to claim 6). In this case, it is preferable to allow the seat belt to easily ride on the slope wall portion when receiving a tensile force due to the pretension.

  The rear end position of the slope wall portion is set so as to be farther from the occupant than the occupant side end of the belt outlet of the retractor (corresponding to claim 7). In this case, it is preferable to allow the seat belt to easily ride on the slope wall portion when receiving a tensile force due to the pretension.

  In a normal state, a part of the seat belt in the width direction overlaps with the rear end portion of the slope wall portion (corresponding to claim 8). In this case, since a part of the seat belt in the width direction is in a state of being ridden on the rear end portion of the slope wall portion in advance, when the tensile force due to the pretension is received, the slope wall portion of the seat belt This is preferable for smoothly and reliably getting on the vehicle.

  The slope wall portion is inclined so as to be separated from the occupant toward the rear in plan view (corresponding to claim 9). In this case, it is preferable to allow the seat belt to easily ride on the slope wall portion when receiving a tensile force due to the pretension.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the feeling of wearing when an adult is worn without adding expensive parts or performing manual operation separately, and to prevent the shoulder of the seat belt from falling off at the time of collision when a child is worn. Both can be satisfied.

The front view which shows the state which restrained the adult with the seatbelt. The front view which shows the state which restrained the child seated on the booster seat with the seatbelt. The top view which shows the relationship between a belt guide, a retractor, and a seatbelt. The partial cross section front view when the relationship between a belt guide, a retractor, and a seatbelt is seen from the front. The perspective view of a belt guide. The top view of a belt guide. X7-X7 line equivalent sectional drawing of FIG. The front view of FIG. The right view of FIG. The figure which shows the positional relationship of the belt guide and seatbelt in normal time. The figure which shows the positional relationship of the belt guide and seatbelt at the time of receiving the tensile force by a pretension.

  In FIG. 1, a rear seat S includes a seat cushion 1, a seat back 2, and a headrest 3. In FIG. 1, a right end portion of the seat S is shown, and an adult P <b> 1 is seated on the seat cushion 1.

  A belt guide 10 is fixed to the upper right end portion of the seat back 2. A retractor 30 is fixedly disposed behind the belt guide 10. After the seat belt 40 pulled out from the belt outlet 30a (see FIG. 4) of the retractor 30 extends almost straight forward, it passes obliquely downward from the shoulder (right shoulder) of the adult P1 via the belt guide 10. It is arrange | positioned so that it may extend to, and the adult P1 is restrained. The front end of the seat belt 40 is fixed to the vehicle body near the lower right of the adult P1, and a tongue (not shown) provided in the middle of the seat belt 40 is detachable from the locking device near the left waist of the adult P1. Is engaged. Thus, the seat belt device is a three-point system.

  The retractor 30 is a pretensioner type, and at the time of a vehicle collision, that is, at the time of a forward collision or an oblique collision in which the vicinity of the left and right ends of the front part of the vehicle body collide, the seat belt 40 is retracted to the retractor 10 side with a predetermined tensile force. The adult P1 is reliably restrained by the seat belt 40. Further, the retractor 30 is of a load limiter type, and the seat belt 40 does not restrain the adult P1 with a tightening force of a predetermined value or more.

  In FIG. 2, a booster seat 5 is disposed on the seat cushion 1, and a child P <b> 2 (assuming a child of about 6 to 12 years old) is seated on the booster seat 5. The child P2 is also restrained by the seat belt 40.

  As is clear from comparison between FIGS. 1 and 2, the height of the shoulders of the adult P1 and the child P2 on the booster seat 5 are substantially the same. On the other hand, the shoulder width is greatly different between the adult P1 and the child P2. Therefore, the seatbelt 40 at the time of restraint is preferably positioned between the neck and the right shoulder in the adult P1 at the height position near the shoulder, and is positioned near the right shoulder in the child P2. become.

  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the position of the belt guide 40 in the vehicle width direction is a preferable position setting for the adult P1. However, in the child P2, since the seat belt 40 is located near the right shoulder, the seat belt 40 is detached from the right shoulder, and the restraint by the seat belt 40 is easily released. In particular, at the time of an oblique collision in which the left front portion of the vehicle collides, as shown by the arrow α in FIG. 2, the child P2 tends to be thrown not only forward but also in the direction toward the left side. It becomes easy to come off from the right shoulder of P2. Such a phenomenon also occurs when the belt guide 40 is disposed near the left shoulder of the child P2 (at the time of an oblique collision in which the end portion on the opposite side of the belt guide across the occupant collides with the occupant). The shoulder of the seat belt is likely to come off.

  In order to prevent the seat belt 40 from coming off the shoulder of the child P2, the belt guide 10 is moved closer to the passenger side than the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (moved to the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2). It is also possible to consider that it is a position. However, in this case, in the adult P1, the seat belt 40 is close to the neck in a normal state, and the feeling of wearing is poor.

  In the present invention, the tension of the pretension by the retractor 30 and the belt guide 10 are used to improve (not deteriorate) the wearing feeling at the normal time for the adult P1, while the child P2 at the time of the collision The belt 40 can be prevented from coming off the shoulder.

  Hereinafter, the details of the belt guide 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9, but the belt guide 10 is an integral molded product made of a synthetic resin as a whole. The belt guide 10 includes a plate-like fixing portion 11 that is fixed to the upper end of the seat back 2 (the frame) by the fixing tool 20, and a lower guide portion 12 that is formed so as to be continuous with the front end portion of the fixing portion 11. The outer side wall part 13, the inner side wall part 14, and the slope wall part 15 are provided.

  The lower guide portion 12 has a smooth surface so that the seat belt 40 does not slide well (a slippery member can be applied and coated), and has a width sufficiently larger than the width of the seat belt 40. The height position of the lower guide portion 12 (the upper surface thereof) is set to be slightly lower than the height position of the belt outlet 30a of the retractor 30, as shown in FIG. And the lower guide part 12 is made into the inclined surface of front-lowering so that it may be located below as it goes ahead (refer especially FIG. 7).

  The outer side wall portion 13 extends upward from the end of the lower guide portion 12 on the outer side in the vehicle width direction (the side opposite to the side on which the adult P1 or child P2 as the occupant is located). The inner side wall portion 14 extends upward from the occupant-side end portion of the lower guide portion 12.

  The side wall portions 13 and 14 restrict the seat belt 40 from being detached from the belt guide 10 (the lower guide portion 12) in the vehicle width direction in a normal state. In the embodiment, the outer side wall portion 13 has a bent portion 13a that extends shortly upward at one end and then extends obliquely upward toward the occupant side.

  The inner side wall part 14 is inclined so as to approach the passenger side as it goes upward. More specifically, the inner surface 14a of the inner side wall portion 14 is inclined so as to approach the passenger side as it goes upward. Due to this inclination, a portion of the seat belt 40 on the lower guide portion 12 is easily moved toward the occupant side. However, in a normal state, the height of the inner side wall portion 14 is prevented so that the seat belt 40 does not get over the inner side wall portion 14 even if the seat belt 40 is subjected to a force toward the occupant side by a pulling operation or the like by the occupant. Is set. The upper side of the inner side wall portion 14 is opened in order to secure a moving space in which the seat belt 40 can move. That is, as will be described later, the seat belt 40 can ride on or get over the inner side wall portion 14.

  Here, the height of the inner side wall part 14 is set higher than the height of the outer side wall part 13. In addition, an extension line in a direction in which the bent portion 13 a of the outer side wall portion 13 is directed passes through a position lower than the upper end of the inner side wall portion 14.

  The slope wall portion 15 extends rearward from the upper end of the inner side wall portion 14. The rear end position of the slope wall portion 15 is substantially coincident with the rear end of the fixed portion 11 and is sufficiently long in the front-rear direction.

  The slope wall portion 15 is inclined so that the height of the upper surface gradually decreases toward the rear, and the inclination angle in the front-rear direction forms an angle of 30 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal line. (See FIGS. 7 and 9).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the slope wall portion 15 is inclined so as to go to the opposite side of the occupant (to approach the outer side wall portion 13) in the plan view.

  The rear end of the slope wall 15 is indicated by reference numeral 15a. The rear end 15 a is the lowest position in the slope wall portion 15. As shown in FIG. 4, the height position of the belt outlet 30 a of the retractor 30 is a height position between the rear end 15 a and the front end of the slope wall portion 15 (upper end of the inner side wall portion 14). It is set to become.

  The rear end 15a of the slope wall portion 15 is set so as to slightly overlap the belt outlet 30a of the retractor 30 in the vehicle width direction. That is, the rear end 15a is positioned beyond the passenger side end of the belt outlet 30a and further away from the passenger (direction approaching the outer side wall portion 13).

  The seat belt 40 pulled out from the belt pull-out port 30a is partially overlapped with the rear end portion of the slope wall portion 15 as shown by a solid line in FIG.

  In the above configuration, the seat belt 40 restraining the occupant is positioned on the lower guide portion 12 as shown in FIG. 10 in a normal state (a state where a tensile force due to pretension is not acting). And located on the bottom side of the inner side wall portion 14. As a result, for the adult P1 as an occupant, the seat belt 40 is separated from the neck as shown in FIG. 1 and the wearing feeling is deteriorated by wearing the seat belt 40. Not supposed to be.

  In the event of a vehicle collision, the pretensioner is activated, so that a large tensile force in the direction in which the seat belt 40 is pulled into the retractor 30 acts. This tensile force generates a component force toward the occupant side in the vicinity of the belt guide 10 with respect to the seat belt 40. Since this component force becomes a considerably large force, as shown in FIG. 11, the seat belt 40 rides on the slope wall portion 15 and is gradually moved to the occupant side so as to ride on the inner side wall portion 14 as well. Is done. The movement of the seat belt 40 on the occupant side prevents the seat belt 40 from coming off the shoulder particularly when the occupant is a child P2. The movement of the seat belt 40 on the occupant side accompanying the tensile force may be performed within a range that does not get over the inner side wall part 14, or may be a large one that gets over the inner side wall part 14.

  The seat belt 40 sequentially runs from the rear end side of the slope wall portion 15 toward a high position in front of the slope wall portion 15. At this time, since the inclination angle in the front-rear direction on the upper surface of the slope wall portion 15 is a gentle inclination so as to be 30 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal line, the seat belt 40 has the highest slope wall portion. It is possible to easily ride up to 15 front ends (upper end of the inner side wall portion 14).

  In a normal state, a part of the seat belt 40 in the width direction overlaps the rear end portion of the slope wall portion 15. As a result, the seat belt 40 moves toward the occupant side and climbs sequentially toward the front side of the slope wall portion 15 in an extremely smooth manner.

  Although the embodiments have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and appropriate modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. It can also be used for front seats (especially 2-theta vehicles). Of course, the object of the present invention is not limited to what is explicitly stated, but also implicitly includes providing what is substantially preferred or expressed as an advantage.

  The present invention is suitable as a seat belt for a vehicle.

P1: Adult (occupant)
P2: Child (crew)
S: Seat 1: Seat cushion 2: Seat back 5: Booster seat 10: Belt guide 11: Fixed portion 12: Lower guide portion 13: Outer side wall portion 14: Inner side wall portion 14a: Inner surface 15: Slope wall portion 15a: Slope wall Rear end 20: Fixing tool 30: Retractor 30a: Belt outlet 40: Seat belt

Claims (9)

A pretensioner type retractor is disposed behind a belt guide disposed in the vicinity of one of the left and right shoulders of the occupant, and a seat belt passing through the belt guide extends obliquely downward from the shoulder of the occupant. A vehicle occupant restraint device adapted to restrain the occupant
The belt guide has an inner side wall portion extending upward and opening upward at an end on the passenger side,
The belt guide has a slope wall portion that extends from the upper end of the inner side wall portion toward the rear and is set to become lower toward the rear.
An occupant restraint device for a vehicle. In claim 1,
The belt guide has an outer side wall portion extending upward at an end opposite to the passenger side,
The slope wall portion extends rearward from the outer side wall portion,
An occupant restraint device for a vehicle. In claim 1 or claim 2,
The vehicle occupant restraint apparatus, wherein an inclination angle of the upper surface of the slope wall in the front-rear direction is set to be 30 degrees or less with respect to a horizontal line. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The belt guide is fixed to a member on the vehicle body side in a fixing part set at a position rearward of the inner side wall part,
The rear end of the slope wall portion is located behind the fixed portion,
An occupant restraint device for a vehicle. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
A vehicular occupant restraint device characterized in that a front upper surface of the belt guide, which is positioned immediately below the seat belt in a normal state, is a front-lowering inclined surface. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
The vehicle occupant restraint device, wherein a height position of a belt outlet of the retractor is set to a height between an upper end of the inner side wall portion and a rear end of the slope wall portion. In any one of Claim 1 thru | or Claim 6,
The vehicular occupant restraint device, wherein a rear end position of the slope wall portion is set in a direction away from the occupant rather than an occupant side end of the belt outlet of the retractor. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7,
The vehicle occupant restraint device, wherein a part of the seat belt in the width direction overlaps with a rear end portion of the slope wall portion in a normal state. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 8,
The vehicle occupant restraint device, wherein the slope wall portion is inclined so as to be separated from the occupant as it goes rearward in plan view.

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