JP2019010673A - Joining method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a bonding method capable of preventing metal shortage at a bonding portion. Both a first metal member and a second metal member are U-shaped metal members. The surface 12a of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the other side surface 21b of the vertical plate 21 of the second metal member 20 are abutted to form abutting portions J1 and J2. The first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 have an axial section L so as to cover the inner corner U formed by the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20. A letter-shaped auxiliary member 30 is arranged. Rotating tool along the abutting portion J1 with the stirring pin F2 inserted from the surface 30b side of the auxiliary member 30 and only the stirring pin F2 being in contact with the auxiliary member 30, the first metal member 10, and the second metal member 20. F is moved relatively to perform friction stir welding of the auxiliary member 30, the first metal member 10, and the second metal member 20. [Selection] Figure 7

Description

  The present invention relates to a joining method for joining metal members together by friction stirring.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a joining method in which a first metal member and a second metal member are joined by friction stirring. In the joining method, after the first metal member and the second metal member are butted together to form a butted portion, only the stirring pin of the rotary tool is brought into contact with the first metal member and the second metal member. On the other hand, friction stirring is performed.

JP 2013-039613 A

In the joining method disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the plastic fluidized metal is not pressed by the shoulder portion of the rotary tool, there is a problem that the plastic fluidized metal leaks to the outside and the joint becomes insufficient.
Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the joining method which can prevent the metal shortage of a junction part.

  A first invention for solving the above-described problem is a joining method in which a first metal member and a second metal member are joined by friction stirring using a main welding rotary tool provided with a stirring pin. At least the end portions of the one metal member and the second metal member are both protruded from the base end portion of one side surface of the vertical plate by the first horizontal plate and second from the front end portion of one side surface of the vertical plate. The horizontal plate is formed in a U-shaped cross section, and the other side surface of the vertical plate in the first metal member is flush with the surface of the first horizontal plate in the second metal member. A butting step of butting the surface of the first horizontal plate in the first metal member and the other side surface of the vertical plate in the second metal member to form a butting portion, and the first of the first metal member Horizontal plate and second horizontal plate of the second metal member An auxiliary member disposing step of disposing an auxiliary member on the first metal member and the second metal member so as to cover the configured inner corner; and the stirring pin is inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member; Only the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member are brought into contact with each other, the relative welding tool is moved along the abutting portion, and the auxiliary member, the first metal A main joining step of performing friction stir welding of the member and the second metal member, and a removing step of removing the auxiliary member formed with burrs from the first metal member and the second metal member. To do.

  A second invention for solving the above-described problem is a joining method in which the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by friction stirring using the main rotating tool having a stirring pin. At least the end portions of the one metal member and the second metal member are both protruded from the base end portion of one side surface of the vertical plate by the first horizontal plate and second from the front end portion of one side surface of the vertical plate. The horizontal plate is formed in a U-shaped cross section, and the other side surface of the vertical plate in the first metal member is flush with the surface of the first horizontal plate in the second metal member. A butting step of butting the surface of the first horizontal plate in the first metal member and the other side surface of the vertical plate in the second metal member to form a butting portion, and the first of the first metal member Horizontal plate and second horizontal plate of the second metal member An auxiliary member disposing step of disposing an auxiliary member on the first metal member or the second metal member so as to cover the configured inner corner, and the stirring pin is inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member, and the stirring pin Only the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member are brought into contact with each other, the relative welding tool is moved along the abutting portion, and the auxiliary member, the first metal A main joining step of performing friction stir welding of the member and the second metal member, and a removing step of removing the auxiliary member formed with burrs from the first metal member or the second metal member. To do.

According to the joining method in the first invention and the second invention, the first metal member and the second metal member are joined, and in addition to the first metal member and the second metal member, the auxiliary member also frictions simultaneously. By stirring and joining, metal shortage at the joint can be prevented.
Moreover, since the burr | flash generate | occur | produced by friction stir welding can be removed from a metal member with an auxiliary member, the process of removing a burr | flash becomes easy.

In the above case, it is desirable to include a temporary joining step in which only the stirring pin of the rotary tool for temporary joining is inserted into the inner corner and the friction stir welding is performed with a spot before the auxiliary member arranging step.
Further, prior to the auxiliary member placement step, only the stirring pin of the temporary welding rotary tool is inserted into the abutting portion of the second metal member on the base end side of the vertical plate, and the friction stir welding is performed by spot. It is desirable to include a bonding step.

  According to this invention, it is possible to reduce the load acting on the friction stirrer by performing spot tacking of the inner corner or the butting portion with only the stirring pin in contact with the metal member. Moreover, the process time can be shortened compared with the case where temporary joining is performed for the inner corner and the entire length of the butted portion as in the prior art.

In the above case, it is desirable that the temporary welding rotary tool and the main welding rotary tool are the same rotary tool.
According to this invention, since it is not necessary to replace the rotating tool, work efficiency can be improved.

In the above case, it is preferable that a preliminary joining step of joining the inner corners with spots by welding is included before the auxiliary member arranging step. Moreover, MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding can be used for the said welding.
Moreover, it is desirable to include the temporary joining process of joining the said butt | matching part of the base end side of the said vertical plate in a said 2nd metal member with the spot by welding before the said auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process. Moreover, MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding can be used for the said welding.

  According to this invention, the load which acts on a friction stirrer can be reduced by performing spot spot attachment of an inner corner or a butting part. Moreover, the process time can be shortened compared with the case where temporary joining is performed on the entire length of the butt portion as in the prior art.

  According to the joining method according to the present invention, metal shortage at the joint can be prevented.

It is a perspective view which shows the state before the butt | matching process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state after the butt | matching process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st temporary joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd temporary joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st removal process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd removal process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the 1st temporary joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the 2nd temporary joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st removal process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention.

[First embodiment]
The joining method according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In the first embodiment, a first metal member and a second metal member, which are two metal members having a U-shaped cross section, are joined. In the joining method according to the first embodiment, a butting process, a temporary joining process, an auxiliary member arranging process, a main joining process, and a removing process are performed. In the following description, “front surface” means a surface opposite to the “back surface”.

The butting process is a process in which the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 having a U-shaped cross section shown in FIG.
The material of the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 is appropriately selected from metals capable of friction stirring such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy.

The first metal member 10 is a shape member having a U-shaped cross section. The first metal member 10 includes a vertical plate 11, a first horizontal plate 12 protruding toward one side from a base end portion 11 c of one side surface 11 a of the vertical plate 11, and a distal end portion of one side surface 11 a of the vertical plate 11. The second horizontal plate 13 protrudes from 11d toward one side. In the example of FIG. 1, the protruding direction of the first horizontal plate 12 and the protruding direction of the second horizontal plate 13 are the same direction, but the present invention is not limited to this.
The first horizontal plate 12 is bent at a right angle from the base end portion 11c of the vertical plate 11 (the right end portion of the vertical plate 11 in FIG. 1) to one side, and the distal end portion 11d of the vertical plate 11 (the vertical plate 11 in FIG. 1). The second horizontal plate 13 is bent at a right angle from the left side end) to the other side.
As shown in FIG. 2, a corner portion 14 bent at a right angle is formed at a connecting portion between the vertical plate 11 and the first horizontal plate 12 and the second horizontal plate 13. A curved surface curved in an arc shape is formed on the top of the outer side of the corner portion 14.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the second metal member 20 is a shape member having a U-shaped cross section, and is a member having the same shape as the first metal member 10. That is, the second metal member 20 includes a vertical plate 21 and a first horizontal plate 22 that protrudes from the base end portion 21c of one side surface 21a of the vertical plate 21 (the lower end portion of the vertical plate 21 in FIG. 1) toward the other side. And a second horizontal plate 23 projecting from the tip 21d (the upper end of the vertical plate 21 in FIG. 1) of one side surface 21a of the vertical plate 21 toward the other side.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a corner portion 24 bent at a right angle is formed at a connection portion between the vertical plate 21 and the first horizontal plate 22 and the second horizontal plate 23. A curved surface curved in an arc shape is formed on the top of the outer side of the corner portion 24.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the butting process, the first metal member 10 is disposed so as to open upward. The second metal member 20 is disposed so as to open in the lateral direction opposite to the first metal member 10. And while making the other side 11b of the vertical board 11 in the 1st metal member 10 and the surface 22a of the 1st horizontal board 22 in the 2nd metal member 20, the 1st horizontal board in the 1st metal member 10 The surface 12a of 12 and the other side surface 21b of the vertical plate 21 in the second metal member 20 are brought into surface contact with each other.

When the surface 12a of the first horizontal plate 12 in the first metal member 10 and the other side surface 21b of the vertical plate 21 in the second metal member 20 are brought into contact with each other, the corner on the tip 21d side of the second metal member 20 24 and the surface 12a of the first horizontal plate 12 form a butt portion J1.
In addition, a butt portion J <b> 2 is formed by the corner portion 14 on the base end portion 11 c side of the first metal member 10 and the corner portion 24 on the base end portion 21 c side of the second metal member 20. Further, an inner corner U is formed by the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20.

  The corner 24 on the tip 21d side of the second metal member 20 has a curved surface that is curved in an arc, so that the corner 24 on the tip 21d side of the second metal member 20 and the first horizontal plate 12 are formed. A substantially V-shaped gap S1 is formed between the first surface 12a and the first surface 12a. Further, since the corner 14 on the base end 11c side of the first metal member 10 and the corner 24 on the base end 21c side of the second metal member 20 are curved in opposite directions, these corners 14 A substantially V-shaped gap S <b> 2 is formed between the corner portion 24 and the corner portion 24.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the temporary joining step is a step of temporarily joining the butt portion J <b> 1 and the butt portion J <b> 2 using a rotary tool F (temporary joining rotary tool).
The rotary tool F is made of, for example, tool steel. The rotary tool F includes a connecting portion F1 and a stirring pin F2. The connecting part F1 is a part connected to the rotating shaft of the friction stirrer. The connecting part F1 has a cylindrical shape.

The stirring pin F2 extends from the connecting portion F1 and is coaxial with the connecting portion F1. The stirring pin F2 is tapered as it is separated from the connecting portion F1. A spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2. In the present embodiment, in order to rotate the rotary tool F to the right, the spiral groove is formed in a counterclockwise direction from the proximal end portion toward the distal end portion.
In addition, when rotating the rotation tool F counterclockwise, it is preferable to form the spiral groove clockwise as it goes from the proximal end to the distal end.

  By setting the spiral groove in this way, the metal plastically fluidized during friction stirring is guided to the tip side of the stirring pin F2 by the spiral groove. Thereby, the quantity of the metal which overflows outside the to-be-joined metal member (The 1st metal member 10, the 2nd metal member 20, the auxiliary member 30 and the auxiliary member 40 which are mentioned later) can be decreased. The spiral groove may be omitted.

In the first temporary joining step (temporary joining step) shown in FIG. 3, only the stirring pin F2 of the rotated rotary tool F is brought into contact with the butting portion J1 to perform spot tacking. In such a process, only the stirring pin F2 is pushed shallowly into the abutting portion J1 with a predetermined interval. Then, only the stirring pin F <b> 2 is brought into contact with the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20. Thereby, the plasticization area | region W0 is formed in the pushing trace of the stirring pin F2.
The rotary tool F is preferably attached to an arm robot (not shown) provided with a rotation drive means such as a spindle unit at the tip. Thereby, the rotation center axis | shaft of the rotation tool F can be inclined easily.

  In the second temporary joining step (temporary joining step) shown in FIG. 4, the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 in the state of FIG. Perform spot tacking. In the second temporary joining step, as in the first temporary joining step illustrated in FIG. 3, only the agitation pin F2 is pushed shallowly into the abutting portion J2 with a predetermined interval, whereby the plasticized region W0 is formed. The

The first auxiliary member arranging step (auxiliary member arranging step) is performed after the first temporary joining step (temporary joining step). The first auxiliary member arranging step shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is a step of arranging the auxiliary member 30 on the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 so as to cover the inner corner U.
First, the auxiliary member 30 is a metal plate member. The auxiliary member 30 is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a metal capable of friction stirring, but in the present embodiment, the auxiliary member 30 is made of the same material as the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20.

  The plate | board thickness of the auxiliary member 30 is suitably set so that the plasticization area | region W mentioned later may not run out of metal after the 1st main joining process (main joining process) mentioned later, and the clearance gap S1 of the butt | matching part J1 may be filled up with a metal. . In the present embodiment, the plate thickness of the auxiliary member 30 is set to be thinner than the plate thicknesses of the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20.

The auxiliary member 30 used in the present embodiment is a long metal member having an L-shaped axial cross section. Thereby, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the inner corner U (butting portion J <b> 1) configured by the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20 is covered. As described above, the auxiliary member 30 can be disposed on the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20. That is, the back surface 30 a of the auxiliary member 30 is in surface contact with the surface 12 a of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the surface 23 a of the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20. Thereby, the inner corner U is covered with the auxiliary member 30. In addition, in 1st embodiment, although the auxiliary member 30 is made into the plate shape whose axial cross section is L shape, another shape may be sufficient. For example, two rectangular and flat auxiliary members are prepared, one is in surface contact with the surface 12 a of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10, and the other is the second metal member 20. The inner corner U (butting portion J1) may be covered with the two auxiliary members 30 in surface contact with the surface 23a of the two horizontal plates 23.
In addition, the 1st metal member 10, the 2nd metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 30 are restrained to a mount (not shown) so that a movement is impossible with a jig | tool (not shown).

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the first main joining step (main joining step) is a step of performing friction stir welding on the butt joint J <b> 1 using the rotary tool F (rotary tool for main joining). Here, it is preferable that the main joining rotary tool is shared with the temporary joining rotary tool. That is, in the present embodiment, the same rotating tool F is used as the main welding rotary tool and the temporary bonding rotary tool. In the first main joining step, as shown in FIG. 8, the rotation tool F rotated rightward is inserted from the surface 30b of the auxiliary member 30, and the insertion depth of the stirring pin F2 is set so as to reach the butt portion J1. .

  A spiral groove is carved on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2. In the present embodiment, in order to rotate the rotary tool F to the right, the spiral groove is formed in a counterclockwise direction from the proximal end portion toward the distal end portion. By setting the spiral groove in this way, the metal plastically fluidized during friction stirring is guided to the tip side of the stirring pin F2 by the spiral groove. Thereby, the quantity of the metal which overflows outside the 1st metal member 10, the 2nd metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 30 which are to-be-joined metal members can be decreased. The rotary tool F is attached to, for example, an arm robot having a rotation driving means such as a spindle unit at the tip. By attaching to the arm robot, the inclination angle of the rotation center axis of the rotary tool F can be easily changed. Thereby, friction stir welding is performed in a state where the rotary tool F is inclined toward the second metal member 20 so that the connecting portion F1 does not interfere with the surface 12a of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10. In the present embodiment, friction stir welding is performed with the axial direction of the stirring pin F2 inclined by approximately 45 ° with respect to the surface 12a of the first horizontal plate 12 and the surface 23a of the second horizontal plate 23, respectively.

In the first main joining step, the friction stir welding is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F2 is brought into contact with the auxiliary member 30, the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20, and the proximal end side of the stirring pin F2 is exposed.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the first main joining step, the stirring pin F2 is inserted at the start position Sp set at the portion where the first metal member 10, the second metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 30 come into contact with each other. The rotary tool F is moved in the direction of the arrow along J1. Note that the moving direction of the rotary tool F may be the opposite direction to FIG. Thereby, in the butt | matching part J1, the auxiliary member 30, the 1st metal member 10, and the 2nd metal member 20 are friction stir welded. A linear plasticized region W is formed in the movement locus of the rotary tool F.
After the first main joining step, the auxiliary member 30 is divided into the first metal member 10 side and the second metal member 20 side by the plasticizing region W as shown in FIG. Further, burrs V and V are formed at the ends of the divided auxiliary members 30 and 30.

  The first removal step (removal step) is a step of removing the auxiliary member 30 from the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20. In the first removal step, as shown in FIG. 9, the end portion of the auxiliary member 30 is turned up in the direction of the arrow, and is cut out so as to be bent at the plasticized region W. Although a cutting tool etc. may be used for a removal process, in this embodiment, it removes manually. Since the burrs V are formed on the auxiliary member 30, the burrs V are also removed together with the auxiliary member 30.

The second auxiliary member arranging step (auxiliary member arranging step) is performed after the second temporary joining step (temporary joining step). The second auxiliary member arranging step shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is a step of arranging the auxiliary member 40 on the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 so as to cover the abutting portion J2.
First, the auxiliary member 40 is a metal plate member. The auxiliary member 40 is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a metal capable of friction stirring, but in the present embodiment, the auxiliary member 40 is made of the same material as the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20.
The plate thickness of the auxiliary member 40 is appropriately set so that the plasticized region W, which will be described later, does not run out of metal, and the gap S2 of the butt portion J2 is filled with metal after the second main joining step (main bonding step) which will be described later. . In the present embodiment, the plate thickness of the auxiliary member 40 is set to be thinner than the plate thicknesses of the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20.

  Further, the auxiliary member 40 used in the present embodiment is a long flat metal member. And as shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 11, the 1st metal member 10 is covered so that the butt | matching part J2 comprised by the vertical plate 11 of the 1st metal member 10 and the 1st horizontal plate 22 of the 2nd metal member 20 may be covered. The auxiliary member 40 is disposed on the second metal member 20. Thereby, the back surface 40a of the auxiliary member 40 is in surface contact with the other side surface 11b of the vertical plate 11 of the first metal member 10 and the surface 22a of the first horizontal plate 22 of the second metal member 20, respectively. Therefore, the butting portion J2 is covered by the auxiliary member 40. In addition, in 1st embodiment, although the auxiliary member 40 is made into flat form, another shape may be sufficient. In addition, the 1st metal member 10, the 2nd metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 40 are restrained to a mount (not shown) so that a movement is impossible with a jig | tool (not shown).

  As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the second main joining step (main joining step) is a step of performing friction stir welding on the butt joint J <b> 2 using the rotary tool F (rotary tool for main joining). In the second main joining step, the main joining rotary tool is preferably shared with the temporary joining rotary tool. That is, in the present embodiment, the same rotating tool F is used as the main welding rotary tool and the temporary bonding rotary tool. In the second main joining step, as shown in FIG. 12, the rotating tool F rotated to the right is inserted from the surface 40b of the auxiliary member 40, and as shown in FIG. 13, the stirring pin F2 is reached so as to reach the abutting portion J2. Set the insertion depth.

A spiral groove is carved on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2. Thereby, the quantity of the metal which overflows outside the 1st metal member 10, the 2nd metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 40 which are to-be-joined metal members can be reduced similarly to a 1st main joining process. In the second main joining step, the axial direction of the stirring pin F2 is made substantially perpendicular to the other side surface 11b of the vertical plate 11 and the surface 22a of the first horizontal plate 22 by an arm robot equipped with a spindle unit or the like. Friction stir welding is performed.
Also in the second main joining process, only the stirring pin F2 is brought into contact with the auxiliary member 40, the first metal member 10, and the second metal member 20, and the friction stir welding is performed with the base end side of the stirring pin F2 exposed. .

As shown in FIG. 12, in the second main joining step, the stirring pin F2 is inserted at the start position Sp set at the portion where the first metal member 10, the second metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 40 come into contact with each other. The rotary tool F is moved in the direction of the arrow along J2. In addition, the moving direction of the rotary tool F may be the reverse direction to FIG. Thereby, in the butt | matching part J2, the auxiliary member 40, the 1st metal member 10, and the 2nd metal member 20 are friction-stir-welded. A linear plasticized region W is formed in the movement locus of the rotary tool F.
After the second main joining step, the auxiliary member 40 is divided into the first metal member 10 side and the second metal member 20 side by the plasticizing region W as shown in FIG. Further, burrs V and V are formed at the ends of the divided auxiliary members 40 and 40.

  The second removal step (removal step) is a step of removing the auxiliary member 40 from the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20, as shown in FIG. In the second removal step, as shown in FIG. 14, the end portion of the auxiliary member 40 is turned up in the direction of the arrow, and is cut out so as to be bent at the plasticized region W as a boundary. Although a cutting tool etc. may be used for a removal process, in this embodiment, it removes manually. Since the burrs V are formed on the auxiliary member 30, the burrs V are also removed together with the auxiliary member 30.

  According to the joining method according to the first embodiment described above, the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 are joined, and as shown in FIGS. In addition to the metal member 20, the auxiliary member 30 and the auxiliary member 40 are also subjected to friction stir welding at the same time, thereby preventing a shortage of metal at the joint (plasticized region W).

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 12, friction stirring is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F <b> 2 of the rotary tool F is in contact with the auxiliary member 30 (or the auxiliary member 40), the first metal member 10, and the second metal member 20. By performing the joining, the load acting on the friction stirrer can be reduced.
Furthermore, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, in the main joining step and the temporary joining step, only the stirring pin F2 of the rotary tool F is brought into contact with the metal member and frictionally stirred, so that the amount of heat input can be reduced. The thermal distortion of the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 can be reduced.

Moreover, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, the auxiliary member 30 or the auxiliary member 40 is disposed in the butt portion J1 and the butt portion J2, and the auxiliary member 30 (or the auxiliary member 40), the first metal member 10, and the second metal. Since the members 20 are simultaneously friction stir welded, the gap S1 and the gap S2 (see FIGS. 6 and 11) can be filled with the plastic fluidized metal.
Further, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, the burrs V and V are formed on the auxiliary member 30 by the main joining step. However, as shown in FIGS. Can be removed. Thereby, the process of removing the burr | flash V can be performed easily.
Furthermore, since the joining method according to the first embodiment performs the temporary joining step, it is possible to prevent the opening of the butted portion J1 and the butted portion J2 when performing the main joining step.

In addition, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, spot tacking of the butt portion J1 and the butt portion J2 with only the stirring pin F2 of the rotary tool F in contact with the metal member. By performing this, the load acting on the friction stirrer can be reduced. Moreover, the process time can be shortened compared with the case where temporary joining is performed with respect to the entire lengths of the butt portion J1 and the butt portion J2 as in the prior art.
Moreover, in 1st embodiment, the rotation tool F (temporary joining rotation tool) which performs a temporary joining process, and the rotation tool F (main joining rotational tool) which performs a main joining process use the same rotation tool. . Thereby, since it is not necessary to replace | exchange a rotating tool at each process, work efficiency can be improved.

While the first embodiment of the present invention has been described above, design changes can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, you may use the rotary tool provided with the shoulder part and the stirring pin for the rotary tool for temporary joining or the rotary tool for main joining. Further, different rotary tools may be used in the temporary joining step and the main joining step.
In the first embodiment, the corner portion 14 of the first metal member 10 and the corner portion 24 of the second metal member 20 are rounded, and a gap S1 and a gap S2 are provided in the butt portion J1 and the butt portion J2, respectively. Although configured, it may be configured such that there is no such gap.

  Further, in the first temporary joining step of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotary tool F is used to temporarily join the inner corner U (butting portion J2). In this manner, the inner corner U (butting portion J2) may be temporarily joined by welding. At this time, the type of welding is not particularly limited, but for example, arc welding such as MIG welding (Metal Inert Gas welding) or TIG welding (Tungsten Inert Gas welding) or laser welding can be used. Then, spot tacking is performed at a predetermined interval while bringing the welding torch H close to the inner corner U. In this way, a welding mark W2 is formed in the spot spot-attached portion.

  Similarly to the first temporary joining step, as shown in FIG. 16, in the second temporary joining step, temporary joining may be performed on the butt portion J2 by welding. Also in this case, the type of welding is not particularly limited. Then, spot tacking is performed at a predetermined interval while bringing the welding torch H close to the butt portion J2.

  Thus, in the temporary joining step, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, when spot spotting of the inner corner U (butting portion J1) and the butting portion J2 is performed by welding, the tacking is performed by friction stirring. The load acting on the friction stirrer can be reduced as compared with the case where it is performed. Further, the process time can be shortened as compared with the conventional case where temporary joining is performed on the entire length of each of the inner corner U (butting portion J1) and the butting portion J2. The first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 may be metal members having at least end portions having a U-shaped cross section.

[Second Embodiment]
The joining method according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for members and the like similar to those of the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted. Also in the second embodiment, the first metal member and the second metal member, which are two metal members having a U-shaped cross section, are joined. In the joining method according to the second embodiment, a butting process, a temporary joining process, an auxiliary member arranging process, a main joining process, and a removing process are performed. Among these, since the butt process and the temporary joining process are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

After the temporary joining step, a first auxiliary member arranging step (auxiliary member arranging step) is performed. As shown in FIG. 17, the first auxiliary member arranging step is a step of arranging the auxiliary member 50 on the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 so as to cover the butt portion J1.
The auxiliary member 50 is a metal flat plate member. As in the first embodiment, the auxiliary member 50 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal that can be frictionally stirred. In this embodiment, the auxiliary member 50 is made of the same material as the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20.

The plate | board thickness of the auxiliary member 50 is suitably set so that the plasticization area | region W mentioned later may not run out of metal after the 1st main joining process mentioned later, and the clearance gap S1 of the butt | matching part J1 may be filled up with a metal. Also in the second embodiment, the plate thickness of the auxiliary member 50 is set to be thinner than the plate thicknesses of the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20.
The auxiliary member 50 is arranged such that the back surface 50a of the auxiliary member 50 is brought into surface contact with the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20 so as to cover the abutting portion J1, and the first horizontal plate of the first metal member 10 is covered. The end surface 50b of the auxiliary member 50 is abutted against the 12 surface 12a.
Moreover, the 1st metal member 10, the 2nd metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 50 are restrained so that a movement is impossible with a jig | tool (not shown). In the present embodiment, the auxiliary member 50 has a plate shape, but may have another shape.

  As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the first main joining step (main joining step) is a step of performing friction stir welding on the butt joint J <b> 1 using the rotary tool F (rotary tool for main joining). Here, also in this embodiment, it is preferable that the main joining rotary tool is shared with the temporary joining rotary tool. That is, in the present embodiment, the same rotating tool F is used as the main welding rotary tool and the temporary bonding rotary tool.

  A spiral groove is carved on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2. Thereby, like 1st embodiment, the quantity of the metal which overflows outside the to-be-joined metal member (The 1st metal member 10, the 2nd metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 50) can be decreased. Further, the rotation tool F can be easily changed in the inclination angle of the rotation center axis of the rotation tool F by being attached to an arm robot having a spindle unit or the like.

  In the friction stir welding of the butted portion J1, the start position Sp on the surface 50c of the auxiliary member 50 set to the portion where the surface 12a of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the end surface 50b of the auxiliary member 50 abut, The stirring pin F2 rotated to the right is inserted, and the rotary tool F is relatively moved along the abutting portion J1. That is, with the base end side of the stirring pin F2 exposed, only the stirring pin F2 is brought into contact with the first metal member 10, the second metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 50 to perform frictional stirring. Further, the traveling direction of the rotary tool F is set so that the auxiliary member 50 is positioned on the right side of the rotary tool F. In the case of FIG. 18, the rotary tool F is moved from the near side to the far side in the figure (indicated by an arrow). As a result, a linear plasticized region W is formed on the movement locus of the rotary tool F.

  As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, in the first main joining step, the rotary tool F is attached to the second metal member 20 so that the connecting portion F <b> 1 does not interfere with the surface 12 a of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10. Friction stir welding is performed in a tilted state. What is necessary is just to set suitably the insertion angle and insertion depth of the stirring pin F2 so that the 1st metal member 10 and the 2nd metal member 20 can be joined. In the present embodiment, the central axis of the rotary tool F is inclined by approximately 45 ° with respect to the surface 12a of the first horizontal plate 12.

  In the first main joining process, it is desirable to set joining conditions so that burrs are generated in the auxiliary member 50. The position where the burr is generated varies depending on the joining condition. The joining conditions include the rotational speed of the rotary tool F, the rotational direction, the moving speed (feeding speed), the traveling direction, the inclination angle (taper angle) of the stirring pin F2, the metal member to be joined (first metal member 10, second It is determined by each element such as the material of the metal member 20 and the auxiliary member 50), the thickness of the metal member to be joined, and the combination of these elements.

  For example, when the rotational speed of the rotating tool F is slow, the shearing side (advancing side: the rotating tool of the rotating tool is compared with the flow side (retreating side: the side where the moving speed of the rotating tool is subtracted from the tangential speed on the outer periphery of the rotating tool)). On the side where the moving speed of the rotary tool is added to the tangential speed on the outer periphery), the temperature of the plastic fluidized material is likely to rise, so that more burrs tend to occur on the shear side outside the plasticized region. On the other hand, for example, when the rotational speed of the rotary tool F is high, the temperature of the plastic fluidized material increases on the shear side, but the amount of burrs tends to be generated on the flow side outside the plasticized region because the rotational speed is high. is there.

  In this embodiment, since the rotational speed of the rotary tool F is set high, the friction stir welding of the butt J1 tends to generate a large amount of burrs V in the auxiliary member 50 on the flow side outside the plasticizing region W. Yes (see FIG. 19). In addition, the joining conditions of the rotary tool F and the arrangement position of the auxiliary member 50 are not limited to those described here, and may be set as appropriate.

  In this way, if the joining conditions are set so that the side where the burrs V are generated or the side where the burrs V are generated is the auxiliary member 50, the burrs V are collected on the auxiliary member 50 as shown in FIGS. can do. Therefore, the first removal step described later can be easily performed, which is preferable. Further, by setting the rotation speed of the rotary tool F faster, the moving speed (feed speed) of the rotary tool F can be increased. As a result, the joining cycle can be shortened.

After the first main joining step, a first removal step (removal step) is performed. The first removal step is a step of removing the auxiliary member 50 from the second metal member 20. As shown in FIG. 20, in the removal step of the present embodiment, the end of the auxiliary member 50 is turned up in the direction of the arrow, and is cut out so as to be bent at the plasticized region W as a boundary. Although a cutting tool etc. may be used for a removal process, in this embodiment, it removes manually. Since the burr V is formed on the auxiliary member 50, the burr V is removed together with the auxiliary member 50.
Also in this embodiment, although the 2nd auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process, the 2nd main joining process, and the 2nd removal process are performed, since the content of these processes is the same as that of 1st embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  According to the joining method of the present embodiment described above, the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 are joined, and in addition to the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20, the auxiliary member 50 is also used. By performing friction stir welding at the same time, metal shortage at the joint can be prevented.

Further, since the burrs V generated in the friction stir welding can be removed from the metal member together with the auxiliary member 50, the process of removing the burrs V becomes easy. Moreover, in this joining process, since friction stir welding is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the metal member to be joined, the load acting on the friction stirrer can be reduced.
Furthermore, since the rotary tool for temporary bonding and the rotary tool for main bonding are the same rotary tool F, it is not necessary to replace the rotary tool F between the temporary bonding process and the main bonding process, thereby improving work efficiency. Can do.
In addition, in the process similar to 1st embodiment, there can exist an effect similar to 1st embodiment.
In addition, modifications such as the temporary joining step described in the first embodiment can also be applied to this embodiment.

[Third embodiment]
The third embodiment also performs a butt process, a temporary joining process, an auxiliary member arranging process, a main joining process, and a removing process. The butting process and the temporary joining process are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the removing process is the same as that in the second embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. Moreover, since the 2nd auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process and the 2nd main joining process are the same as that of 1st embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted. Below, a 1st auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process and a 1st main joining process are demonstrated. Moreover, about the same member as 1st embodiment or 2nd embodiment, the same code | symbol as 1st embodiment or 2nd embodiment is used, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  First, as shown in FIG. 21, in the first auxiliary member arranging step (auxiliary member arranging step), the surface of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 so as to cover the inner corner U (butting portion J1). The back surface 50a of the auxiliary member 50 is brought into surface contact with 12a, and the end surface 50b of the auxiliary member 50 is butted against the butted portion J1.

  Next, the first main bonding step (main bonding step) will be described. As shown in FIG. 22, in the friction stir welding of the abutting portion J1, the start position Sp on the surface 50c of the auxiliary member 50 set to the portion where the surface 12a of the first metal member 10 and the end surface 50b of the auxiliary member 50 are in contact with each other. Then, the stirring pin F2 rotated to the right at high speed is inserted, and the rotary tool (main welding rotary tool) F is relatively moved along the abutting portion J1. That is, with the base end side of the stirring pin F2 exposed, only the stirring pin F2 is brought into contact with the first metal member 10, the second metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 50 to perform frictional stirring. Further, the traveling direction of the rotary tool F is set so that the auxiliary member 30 is positioned on the right side of the rotary tool F. In the case of FIG. 22, the rotary tool F is moved from the back side to the near side in the drawing (indicated by an arrow). As a result, a linear plasticized region W is formed on the movement locus of the rotary tool F. Further, the auxiliary member 50 side of the rotary tool F becomes the flow side, and burrs V are also mainly generated in the auxiliary member 50.

According to the joining method of the present embodiment described above, the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 are joined, and in addition to the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20, the auxiliary member 50 is also used. By performing friction stir welding at the same time, metal shortage at the joint can be prevented.
In addition, according to 3rd embodiment, there can exist an effect similar to 2nd embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st metal member 11 Vertical plate 11a One side surface 11b The other side surface 11c Base end part 11d Front end part 12 First horizontal plate 12a Surface 13 Second horizontal plate 20 Second metal member 21 Vertical plate 21a One side surface 21b The other side Side surface 21c Base end portion 21d Tip end portion 22 First horizontal plate 23 Second horizontal plate 30 Auxiliary member 30b Surface 40 Auxiliary member 50 Auxiliary member 50c Surface F Rotating tool (Rotating tool for temporary bonding, Rotating tool for main bonding)
F2 Stirring pin J1 Butt part J2 Butt part U Inner corner V Burr

Claims (10)

A joining method in which the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by friction stirring using a main welding rotary tool provided with a stirring pin,
At least the end portions of the first metal member and the second metal member are both protruded from the base end portion of one side surface of the vertical plate, and from the tip portion of one side surface of the vertical plate. The second horizontal plate is formed in a U-shaped cross section protruding,
The other side surface of the vertical plate in the first metal member and the surface of the first horizontal plate in the second metal member are flush with each other, and the surface of the first horizontal plate in the first metal member A butting step of butting the other side surface of the vertical plate in the second metal member to form a butting portion;
Auxiliary members are arranged on the first metal member and the second metal member so as to cover an inner corner formed by the first horizontal plate of the first metal member and the second horizontal plate of the second metal member. A member placement step;
The stirrer pin is inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member, and only the stirrer pin is in contact with the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member, and the main joining is performed along the abutting portion. A main joining step of relatively moving the rotary tool for performing friction stir welding of the auxiliary member, the first metal member and the second metal member;
A removing step of removing the auxiliary member formed with burrs from the first metal member and the second metal member. A joining method in which the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by friction stirring using a main welding rotary tool provided with a stirring pin,
At least the end portions of the first metal member and the second metal member are both protruded from the base end portion of one side surface of the vertical plate, and from the tip portion of one side surface of the vertical plate. The second horizontal plate is formed in a U-shaped cross section protruding,
The other side surface of the vertical plate in the first metal member and the surface of the first horizontal plate in the second metal member are flush with each other, and the surface of the first horizontal plate in the first metal member A butting step of butting the other side surface of the vertical plate in the second metal member to form a butting portion;
Auxiliary member is disposed on the first metal member or the second metal member so as to cover an inner corner formed by the first horizontal plate of the first metal member and the second horizontal plate of the second metal member. A member placement step;
The stirrer pin is inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member, and only the stirrer pin is in contact with the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member, and the main joining is performed along the abutting portion. A main joining step of relatively moving the rotary tool for performing friction stir welding of the auxiliary member, the first metal member and the second metal member;
A removing step of removing the auxiliary member on which the burr is formed from the first metal member or the second metal member.   3. The temporary joining step of performing friction stir welding with a spot by inserting only the stirring pin of the rotary tool for temporary joining into the inner corner before the auxiliary member arranging step. The joining method described in 1.   The joining method according to claim 3, wherein the temporary joining rotary tool and the main joining rotational tool are the same rotational tool.   The joining method according to claim 1, further comprising a temporary joining step of joining the inner corners with spots by welding before the auxiliary member arranging step.   The joining method according to claim 5, wherein the welding is MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding.   Prior to the auxiliary member arranging step, a temporary joining step is performed in which only the stirring pin of the rotary tool for temporary joining is inserted into the abutting portion on the base end side of the vertical plate in the second metal member and the friction stir welding is performed with a spot. The bonding method according to claim 1, wherein the bonding method includes:   The joining method according to claim 7, wherein the temporary joining rotary tool and the main joining rotational tool are the same rotational tool.   3. The provisional joining step of joining the butted portion on the base end side of the vertical plate in the second metal member with a spot by welding before the auxiliary member arranging step. The joining method described in 1.   The joining method according to claim 9, wherein the welding is MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding.

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