JP2019086291A - Reactant for condensate nuclear reactor and exothermic method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a reactant having a multilayer film structure, used in a condensate nuclear reactor, and capable of generating abundance of heat safely and inexpensively, and an exothermic method using the same.SOLUTION: A reactant for a condensate nuclear reactor comprises nickel, and palladium and platinum fixed to the nickel, and is used in a condensate nuclear reactor containing a hydrogen isotope, nickel, platinum and palladium as main components. There is also provided an exothermic method using the same.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a reactant used in a condensation collecting nuclear reactor, a method for producing the same, and a heat generation method using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a reactant used in a condensation-type nuclear reactor comprising hydrogen isotope, nickel, platinum and palladium as main components, a method for producing the same, and a heat generation method using the same.

  Cold Fusion, announced in March 1989 by Professor Martin Fleischmann of the University of Southampton, UK and Stanley Ponzu of the University of Utah, USA, is both an energy issue and a global warming issue. It is expected that the problem will be solved simultaneously, and research has been conducted for 27 years all over the world, but most of them are poorly reproducible and the output data is also unstable in the frequency of excessive heat generation, so far so detailed There were many. The information reported by many researchers is lacking in certainty, and there are many problems in detailed experimental conditions, experimental contents, analysis methods, result analysis, etc. At present, the name cold fusion is generally referred to as low temperature energy (LENR) or condensation-collected nuclear reaction (CMNS) because it does not correspond to the reaction mechanism.

  Here, even in the experiment conducted by the present inventor, it is difficult to clarify the control factor because the reaction is not certain, and it is difficult to trust the experimental result. Many CMNS researchers have designed, assembled, and experimented with various factors based on experience. However, in many cases, the desired phenomenon did not occur. Even if unusual phenomena occur infrequently, low reproducibility characteristics have been the subject of CMNS research. Naturally, in CMNS research, the results are unreliable if it does not have accuracy or accuracy more than other research themes. In addition, many reports that abnormal results were obtained in the past had problems with devices, measurement methods, and analysis. Reported cases such as a large amount of heat, a large amount of radiation, and an abnormal product have hitherto all been stably unreproducible.

  However, in recent years, the equipment used by CMNS researchers has spent enough money on precision, sensitive equipment. Reports from several years ago are considered to be reliable. In the case of a researcher who has been experimenting steadily, although heat generation, radiation, and products are not large values, their reproducibility is becoming high. Of course, even now, abnormal phenomena are considered to be able to produce a large amount of energy and products, confirming control factors that are not clearly apparent. The theme proposed in the present application is an application of this CMNS reaction.

  The present inventors have long sought to reproduce cold fusion phenomena. Especially in the early stage, the reaction was regarded as a normal fusion reaction, and the generation of neutrons in electrolysis was confirmed. After that, we focused on the analysis of products in which the isotope change occurred during the electrolytic test. Heat generation was a very rare and sudden phenomenon in the process. I did not keep track to that.

However, since the Fukushima nuclear accident at the time of the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011, I felt the limit of nuclear power generation, and then researched focusing on heat, no waste was produced, and the transmutation reaction was the future energy source I thought it was promising. Worldwide, there have been many reports of the heat generation reaction in the nickel hydrogen system. This system was taken as a calibration test when compared to the earlier Pd-D ₂ system.

  Also, excessive heat generation has been well reported in the electrolysis system. In the last few years, researchers from around the world have reported that excess heat is generated in nickel-based reactants. In addition, even in the initial electrolysis test and in the extremely clean system, excess heat was reported, but still it was not replaced by conventional energy, and the measured value was very small. Under these circumstances, prior arts of Patent Documents 1 to 4 have been developed as a remedy.

  Patent Document 1 relates to a technique for generating abnormal heat by heavy water electrolysis of a deuterium embrittled palladium cathode, and Patent Document 2 is an upper portion containing an electrolyte in which lithium is dissolved in a palladium surface layer. A technology is disclosed which recombines deuterium and oxygen generated by electrolysis in a sealed cell catalyzed by hydrogen and return it to heavy water to alloy lithium in a palladium surface layer. In addition, Patent Document 3 discloses a technique of passing an alternating current to a reactant in which an electrode layer made of platinum or palladium is formed on both sides of a proton conductor made of a mixed powder sintered body of metal oxide, No. 4 discloses that the high melting point metal and the hydrogen formed on the surface thereof are made of an active metal to generate energy by an electrolytic reaction in light water or heavy aqueous solution.

  However, in any of these prior arts, stability, calorific value and calorific temperature are unstable, and it is no different that they are small values, and it is to be replaced by fossil energy etc. which human being used so far It has never been put to practical use.

  The accumulated research from cold fusion to condensation-type nuclear reaction, which has been performed for 27 years so far, has finally obtained data that can generate excess heat for inputs that the inventor itself can be confident of. It came to acquire technology that could light up the future of energy.

  That is, the inventor of the present invention provides a reactant that achieves excess heat generation exceeding input energy in a very clean system, a method for producing the same, and a heat generation method using the same.

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 5-27062 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-104080 JP-A-11-271484 JP, 2014-37996, A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a reactant for use in a condensation-type nuclear reactor capable of generating a large amount of heat safely and inexpensively, a method for producing the same, and a heat generation method using the same. It is.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is
It is composed of nickel and palladium and platinum fixed to the nickel,
To be used in condensation-type nuclear reactors, whose main constituents are hydrogen isotopes, nickel, platinum and palladium,
The present invention provides a condensation collection nuclear reactor reactant.

  In the condensation type nuclear reactor for a reactor according to the present invention, the palladium and platinum are preferably fixed by rubbing and adhering to nickel whose surface is polished with abrasive paper and washed with hot water. .

  Further, in the condensation collection nuclear reactor of the present invention, it is preferable that the palladium and platinum and the nickel be fixed by alloying, plating or a sintered body.

The condensation collection nuclear reactor according to the present invention is a group consisting of LaNi ₅ , YNi ₅ , MmNi ₅ , TiFe, Mg, NiAl and LiAl in place of at least one of nickel, platinum and palladium. It is preferable to include at least one metal selected from the group consisting of

  It is preferable that the condensation collection nuclear reactor reactant of the present invention further contains at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K and Ca.

  The present invention also relates to the method for producing a reactant for condensation collecting nuclear reactor of the present invention. In the manufacturing method, nickel is produced by providing palladium and platinum by fixing means. The fixing method is that the surface is polished with abrasive paper and palladium and platinum are rubbed and attached to nickel washed with hot water and fixed, or nickel and platinum and palladium, alloy, plating, sintered body It is preferable to fix by one selected from the inside.

Also in the manufacturing method, the reactant is selected from the group consisting of LaNi ₅ , YNi ₅ , MmNi ₅ , TiFe, Mg, NiAl and LiAl instead of at least one of the nickel, platinum and palladium. At least one metal may be used, and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K and Ca may be added.

Also, the present invention is
A step (1) of placing the above-mentioned reactant for condensation-gathering nuclear reactor of the present invention in a condensation-gathering nuclear reactor,
Evacuating the inside of the reactor (2);
A step (3) of raising the temperature in the reactor stepwise and discharging an impurity gas from the reactor;
Placing at least one gas of hydrogen and deuterium into the reactor (4);
Lowering the inside of the reactor to room temperature (5);
Causing the reactant to absorb the gas in the reactor and generate heat,
Heat generation method for a condensation collection reactor characterized by
Also provide.

  In the heat generation method described above, in the step (3), the temperature in the reaction furnace is preferably raised stepwise to 100 ° C., 200 ° C. and 200 ° C.

  In the step (4), preferably, the gas is introduced into the reactor at 100 to 700 Pa.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to solve all the above-mentioned problems by providing a reactant that can generate a large amount of heat safely, inexpensively, a method for producing the same, and a heat generation method using the same. It solves the global energy problem, and furthermore, there is a great merit that the present invention eliminates the need to use fossil fuel and helps to prevent global warming.

Reactor schematic cross section AA line cross section schematic diagram of FIG. 1 Schematic enlarged view of the nickel mesh crossing in FIG. 2 Reactor appearance (photograph) Reactor parts, reactor and gas injection pipe (Photo) Heater wound around reactor (Photo) Figure (photograph) in the state where the observation window was removed from the reactor appearance in Figure 4 Diagram (Photograph) showing the reactants provided in the reactor Reaction heat measurement system schematic (photograph) Schematic diagram of the reaction heat measurement system in Figure 9 Calibration test schematic Temporal change diagram of gas pressure in reactor, air-insulated box air outlet, air inlet and temperature difference when input power is 100 W Output change chart for 100 W input power Temperature change chart of each part of reactor

The present invention is a reactant for use in a condensation-type nuclear reactor comprising hydrogen isotope and nickel, platinum and palladium as main components, wherein the reactant is provided with platinum and palladium on nickel by fixing means. It is characterized by As the fixing means, palladium and platinum are rubbed and attached to nickel which has been polished with abrasive paper and washed with hot water and fixed, or nickel and platinum and palladium, alloy, plating And sintered bodies selected from one selected from sintered bodies, furthermore, instead of at least one of nickel, platinum and palladium, LaNi ₅ , YNi ₅ , MmNi ₅ , TiFe, Mg, NiAl and LiAl Or at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Ca, etc. in addition to the reactant. There is.

Further, as a method for producing the reactant, the method for producing the reactant is characterized in that palladium and platinum are provided on nickel by a fixing means, and as the fixing means, the surface is polished with abrasive paper Manufacturing method by rubbing and adhering palladium and platinum to nickel washed with hot water and fixed to produce, or nickel, platinum and palladium selected from alloy, plating and sintered body Selected from the group consisting of LaNi ₅ , YNi ₅ , MmNi ₅ , TiFe, Mg, NiAl and LiAl in place of at least one of nickel, platinum and palladium. A method of producing as at least one metal, or a small amount selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Ca, Both have manufacturing method in which production by adding one of the metal.

  A heat generation method using a reactant used in a condensation-collecting nuclear reactor comprising hydrogen isotope and nickel, platinum, and palladium as main components, wherein the reactant is placed in the reactor, and the reactor After evacuating the inside and gradually raising the temperature to 100 ° C, 200 ° C and 300 ° C to discharge the impurity gas, at least one gas of hydrogen and deuterium is introduced into the reactor at 100 to 700 Pa. Then, the temperature is lowered to room temperature, and the gas in the reactor is absorbed by the reactor to generate heat. There is a method for heating the reactant used in a condensation collecting nuclear reactor.

  The function of the above-mentioned reactant in the condensed collection nuclear reactor will be described. The reactants are a nanosized micronized hydrogen active metal and hydrogen isotopes hydrogen and deuterium. The hydrogen and deuterium molecules of the reactant are dissociated into their respective atoms, and some atoms are incorporated into the metal. The metal is desirably a material having high properties of hydrogen and deuterium solubility and mobility even at high temperature. Although Pd and Ni are used as the reactant metal of the above-mentioned reactant, if the temperature of Pd exceeds 300 ° C., hydrogen and deuterium come out of the metal, so the temperature can not be raised. Very active. On the other hand, since the solubility of hydrogen and deuterium becomes higher as the temperature of Ni becomes higher, heat generation at high temperature becomes easy.

In addition, the above-mentioned nickel may be used as any one of plate, thin film, net, spray coating, electrodeposition film and plating film. In the method for producing a reactant having the above structure, at least one selected from the group consisting of LaNi ₅ , YNi ₅ , MmNi ₅ , TiFe, Mg, NiAl, LiAl in place of at least one of nickel, platinum and palladium. One alloy may be used.

  It is to be noted that the reactant to be used in the condensation collection nuclear reactor of the present invention is made to have a nano structure by making the hydrogen molecule and deuterium molecule of the reactant into hydrogen atom ion and deuterium atom state, in the catalyst nanometal. It is to introduce. With such a structure, the free electrons in the nanoparticle shield the repulsive potential of hydrogen nuclei and deuterium nuclei, and the tunneling probability between hydrogen nuclei and deuterium nuclei is increased to cause a nuclear reaction. This reaction causes a nuclear fusion reaction between hydrogen and deuterium, which ultimately results in the formation of helium. This is a reaction in which the mass difference between hydrogen, deuterium and helium is obtained as energy.

  This reaction is not a reaction going directly from hydrogen to helium, but is an intermediate carbon / nitrogen formation reaction, these atoms also function as a catalyst, and eventually helium is formed. It is presumed that the following reaction is progressing in the nanometal reactant. The reaction proceeds very slowly around room temperature, but is accelerated as the temperature rises.

At the time of filing of the present application, the condensation collection nuclear reaction is presumed to have the following reaction mechanism called CNO cycle. Here, the phenomenon in which Pd or Pt is charged during the reaction is considered. The reaction to be estimated is a slow fusion reaction.

The electron emission reaction of processes 2 and 5, ie beta plus decay, occurs 10 ¹² to 10 ¹⁵ times faster than the fusion reaction with other hydrogens. The four most time-consuming processes become rate-limiting. The CNO cycle via carbon and nitrogen produces about 25 MeV of energy per cycle. This reaction is a reaction occurring in a star with a mass larger than the sun. The time to complete one CNO cycle is about 3.8 × 10 ⁸ years, which is shorter than the time scale of proton-proton chain reaction (about 10 ⁹ years).

With one mole of hydrogen, 6.023 × 10 ²³ , 5 × 10 ⁹ reactions have occurred.
The tunnel effect is applied to this reaction. When the actual protons approach x = δ (ie, the distance between protons), a nuclear force interaction potential (attractive potential) that is five orders of magnitude larger than the repulsive electrostatic potential of the protons works. Then, protons cause a fusion reaction.

The probability density function in the region of internuclear distance x ≧ δ is as follows.

  However, E is kinetic energy at the time of head-on collision of protons.

Consider the temperature dependence, but let's calculate in the case of the center temperature of the sun as an example. The central temperature of the sun is 15 million K.

From the above calculations, the value γ of the fusion probability due to the tunnel effect is obtained from the equations (15) and (16). Since U, M and δ have already been determined, they can be calculated using only the value of E. Here, kinetic energy is used, but the temperature of protons in the metal sample usually has a value of several tens to several hundreds of degrees Celsius. A shielding effect of free electrons acts on the electrostatic potential U between protons. Calculation of the tunnel reaction when nuclear potential shielding by free electrons in the metal occurs, the reaction probability increases by 10 orders of magnitude from ^10-30 to ^10-20 when the potential is 50% shielded. At 10% shielding, it will increase by three orders of magnitude.

  Theoretical calculations for nickel using electrons and hydrogen atoms in nanoparticles using wave functions and approximations show that the smaller the particle, the lower the potential. The hydrogen nuclear potential is lower than the bulk with 0.9 at 100 atoms and 0.7 at 10 atoms. Furthermore, in the nanoparticle, there is no lattice structure of atoms, and it can be considered almost as a surface. It is also possible to think of smaller nanostructures.

The number of hydrogen atoms per unit surface area of the reaction sample is as follows at a pressure of 1 kPa under typical experimental conditions.

The average number of metal atoms in the nanoparticles is the same. I think that this hydrogen atom exists. In addition, when the activation is sufficiently advanced, nanoparticles are formed almost entirely on the metal surface. As a first approximation, it is possible to assume that all the polar surface layers are nanoparticles. Since the thickness of this layer is about 100 atoms, the number of hydrogen atoms in it is 10 ¹⁹ / cm ² . Also, hydrogen is supplied in constant amounts. Then the probability that a reaction occurs is

The amount of heat generated by the fusion reaction is
The energy production of the reaction is 25.1 MeV. The calorific value is 4.02 × 10 ⁻¹² J. If this value is multiplied by the above-mentioned number of tunnel fusion reactions, 3 × 10 ³ / s / cm ² ,
It becomes.

In this case, the actual calorific value is 10 digits lower than that of 1 to 10 W / cm ² . If the electrostatic shielding effect is increased to 50%, the calculated value and the measured value almost agree.

From the above argument, when the calorific value by tunnel fusion per reactant area is applied,

  This calorific value corresponds approximately to the measured value.

Further, along with the reaction, an electron emission reaction occurs by the reaction of (2) and (5). 1010 electrons are emitted per second per mole atom. this is
In terms of coulombs, the amount of electricity is 1.6 × 10 ⁻⁹ coulombs. This is calculated to be 1.6 nanoamperes.

  Large-scale stars whose main energy source is the CNO cycle have a higher energy production rate per unit time than small-scale stars. Also, the CNO cycle is a very temperature sensitive reaction. The energy generation rate of the CNO cycle is proportional to the temperature to the 15th power. Thus, a 5% increase in temperature results in a 108% increase in energy release. Incidentally, assuming that the reaction rate at room temperature is 1, the reaction rate doubles with an increase of 15 ° C. This energy generation method uses this reaction. That is, it is a safe and efficient method in which energy generation can be easily controlled by changes in external temperature.

The tunnel effect occurring in the CNO cycle can be estimated by the following process.
1 Put hydrogen in the nanoparticles.
2 The concentration of hydrogen in nanoparticles increases, and the shielding of electrons in nanoparticles reduces the electric potential outside the water nucleus.
3 Extranuclear electrons become free electrons and exist in nanometals.
The Coulomb potential of 4 nuclei is shielded and the orbital radius of hydrogen atoms is reduced.
5 The internuclear distance between hydrogen atoms becomes smaller.
6 If the internuclear distance shrinks, the probability of fusion reaction between hydrogen nuclei by tunneling will increase.
When the nuclear potential is shielded by 50%, the tunnel fusion reaction probability increases by 10 orders of magnitude.
8 As tunnel nuclear reactions increase, observable heat is generated.
9 Produce products such as helium by nuclear reaction.
10 Additive elements that increase the shielding effect of free electrons are alkali and alkaline earth atoms (such as Li, Na, K, Ca, etc. having a hydrogen atom structure) which easily release electrons.

From the above, the inventor has narrowed down and analyzed complicated thermal factors into three simple factors in order to precisely confirm the abnormal heat generation of the hydrogen-metal system. As a result, it is confirmed that there is an abnormal heat generation reaction. The factors necessary for the thermal analysis are the amount of heat precisely determined by the input power, the amount of air blown, and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet. Based on this thermal analysis and the present results, it is presumed that the method required for abnormal heat generation is as follows.
1: Activation of the sample surface and atomization and addition of surface modifying metal 2: Removal of impurities in gas 3: Control of reaction temperature and gas pressure

  In particular, it is important to activate the metal surface, that is, to remove the oxide, nitride and carbide layers. Heating and discharge treatment in hydrogen gas were effective as this means. It is also important that the gas used be low in impurities and that the exhaust gas be thoroughly removed during surface treatment.

After the above-mentioned reactant is produced and activated and maintained at high temperature in hydrogen gas, hydrogen molecules are dissociated into hydrogen atoms on the metal surface, and the amount thereof increases. The presence of this atomic hydrogen can be presumed to be a condition necessary for excess heat generation. The excess heat generated is temperature dependent and at least on the order of kW. It is several 10 W / g, and it will be 1-10 W / cm < ² > also per area, assuming that a reactant is nickel.

  Thus, in a condensation-type nuclear reactor using the reactants of the present invention, the output thermal energy reaches twice that of several hundred watts of input electrical energy. It is found that the generated thermal energy follows an exponential function of temperature and can be used for control. At a temperature of 300 ° C., the generated energy is 1 kW. It has become clear that the output is expressed by the inverse function of the absolute temperature.

  It should be noted that although theoretical research has been conducted in the world for 27 years until today, which has been called condensed nuclear reaction since the age called cold fusion, the mechanism has not been accurately elucidated. On the other hand, the theory of condensation-type nuclear reaction of the present invention is based on actual experimental data, as has been described above, with regard to heat generation between hydrogen and nickel, on a large scale. The reliable acquisition of such experimental data allows the mechanism of the condensed nuclear reaction in the present application to be presumed with a high probability.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reactor. In FIG. 1, 1 is a reactant, 2 is a reactor, 3 is a thermocouple, 4 is a heater, 5 is connected to a data analysis device, 6 is connected to a vacuum evacuation device, 7 is a gas injection pipe, 8 is a viewing window is there.
In FIG. 1, a reactant 1 is provided in a reactor 2. In FIG. 1, although three pieces of the reaction body 1 are provided, it is needless to say that the number may be appropriately changed according to the purpose of use of the present invention or the target acquired energy amount. In addition, with regard to the installation of the reactants 1, instead of being vertical as shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of reactants 1 may be stacked side by side and should be installed in the most efficient form.
Further, the thermocouple 3 is measured at four points here, and in the present application, RTD4, RTD5, RTD6 and the thermocouple in the right are respectively referred to as RTD2 for convenience from the upper left. The measured values of these thermocouples 3 are shown in FIG. 14 and will be described later.
Further, the reactor 4 is disposed so as to be able to be heated while being controlled by the heater 4, and the measured values of the four thermocouples 3 are connected to the data analysis device 5. In addition, the gas in the reaction furnace 2 is connected to a vacuum exhaust device for discharging the gas by a vacuum device.
Further, a gas injection pipe 7 for injecting hydrogen gas and deuterium gas into the reaction furnace 2 and an observation window 8 for observing the inside of the reaction furnace are provided.
Although not described here, as a method of taking out energy when an exothermic reaction occurs in the present reaction furnace 2, existing technology such as heat exchangers and thermocouples for power generation can be used inside and outside the reaction furnace 2. By providing it, it is possible to take out the energy obtained in the condensation type nuclear reactor.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. In FIG. 2, 9 is a nickel mesh, and 2 is the same as FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1, showing that a nickel mesh 9 is provided as a reactant 1 in a reaction furnace 2 in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged view of the nickel mesh crossing portion of the reactant 1 of FIG. In FIG. 3, 9 is a nickel mesh, 10 is platinum, 11 is palladium, and 1 is the same as in FIG.
The reactant 1 is formed by fixing platinum and palladium to a nickel mesh 9 by fixing means. Here, platinum 10 and palladium 11 are rubbed on nickel mesh 9 and attached and fixed. The shape of the nickel may be one selected from the group consisting of a mesh, a rod, a thin wire, a plate, a thin film, a mesh, a sprayed film, an electrodeposition film, and plating.
In the method of the reactants with the structure, selection instead of at least one of nickel 9 and platinum 10 and palladium _{11, LaNi 5, YNi 5,} MmNi 5, TiFe, Mg, NiAl, from the group consisting of LiAl At least one of the alloys may be used.
Further, as the fixing means, nickel, platinum and palladium may be fixed by one selected from an alloy, a plating and a sintered body. Further, instead of at least one of nickel and platinum and _{palladium, LaNi 5, YNi 5, MmNi} 5, TiFe, Mg, NiAl, may be composed as at least one metal selected from the group consisting of LiAl.
First of all, although the surface of the nickel mesh 9 is schematically enlarged in the drawing, actually, the surface is not such a rough surface, and the polishing paper uses 500 # to 1000 # emery paper. It may be polished. At this time, the surface of the nickel is increased by the generation of nano-level cracks on the surface of the nickel by the abrasive paper.
In addition, the additive element that increases the shielding effect of free electrons to the metal of the reactant 1 is selected from the group consisting of alkali, alkaline earth atoms (having a hydrogen atom structure, Li, Na, K, Ca) in which electrons are easily separated. At least one metal may be added and added.

In addition, as a method for producing a reactant of the present application, the reactant 1 is a production method in which platinum and palladium are fixed to a nickel mesh 9 by fixing means. Here, platinum 10 and palladium 11 are rubbed on nickel mesh 9 and fixed by adhesion. More specifically, the surface of the nickel mesh 9 is polished by sequentially changing the surface of the emery paper 400 # to 2000 # to form fine grooves (width and depth of several μm to several 10 μm, and Pd rods are formed therein) The Pd is fixed by using a material or a plate material, and the thickness of Pd is set to several μm to several tens μm.
In addition, the shape of this nickel is produced using any one selected from the group consisting of mesh, rod, fine wire, plate, thin film, mesh, sprayed film, electrodeposited film, and plating. It may be a manufacturing method characterized by
In the method of the reactants, at least in place in at least one of nickel 9 and platinum 10 and palladium _{11, LaNi 5, YNi 5,} MmNi 5, TiFe, Mg, NiAl, is selected from the group consisting of LiAl It may be a manufacturing method characterized by producing using one alloy.
In addition, as a fixing means in the method for producing the reactant, a production method may be characterized in that nickel, platinum, and palladium are produced by being fixed with one selected from an alloy, a plating, and a sintered body. .
Further, instead of at least one of nickel and platinum and ^{palladium, LaNi 5, YNi 5, MmNi} 5, to TiFe, Mg, NiAl, characterized in that to produce the at least one metal selected from the group consisting of LiAl It may be a manufacturing method.
In addition, although the surface of the nickel mesh 9 is schematically enlarged in the drawing, in practice, the abrasive paper used 500 # -1000 # emery paper instead of such rough eyes. It may be a manufacturing method characterized by polishing and production.
In addition, the additive element that increases the shielding effect of free electrons to the metal of the reactant 1 is selected from the group consisting of alkali, alkaline earth atoms (having a hydrogen atom structure, Li, Na, K, Ca) in which electrons are easily separated. The production method may be characterized by producing by adding and adding at least one metal.
Thereafter, the nickel 9 net is provided with nano level fine particles of platinum 10 and palladium 11 by a method of rubbing platinum 10 and palladium 11 onto the nickel 9 net, thereby activating nickel 9, platinum 10, palladium. The 11 metals are attached to each other to obtain a reactant 1. At this time, there is also an advantage that the surface area can be increased because nano-level cracks are generated on the surface of nickel by the abrasive paper.
As described above, the nickel mesh 9, which is the material of the reactant, is washed with hot water, but if other detergents and the like are used at this time, there is a possibility of contamination, so care must be taken.

In addition, as a heat generation method using a reactant used in the condensation collection nuclear reactor of the present application, the reactant 1 obtained by the above-described method is put into a reactor 2, and the inside of the reactor 2 is evacuated. The temperature is raised to 200 ° C. and 300 ° C. to discharge the impurity gas, and at least one gas of hydrogen and deuterium is introduced into the reactor 2 at 100 to 700 Pa, and then cooled to room temperature, The hydrogen gas or deuterium gas remaining in the reactant 1 is further activated by absorbing the gas, and the heat generation of the reactant 1 is observed in the reactor 2 at this stage.
In addition, in order to make the reactant 1 absorb at least one gas of hydrogen and deuterium, a method in which only the hydrogen gas is absorbed in the reactant 1, a method in which only the deuterium is absorbed in the reactant 1, or There is a method of absorbing hydrogen into the reactant 1 after absorbing a certain amount of hydrogen first, evacuating the inside of the reactor 2 and then absorbing deuterium into the reactant 1. The most efficient and effective method is the latter method. This is because hydrogen embrittlement is caused to each of the metals when absorbed by the nickel, platinum and palladium constituting the reactant 1 by the hydrogen absorbed first, so that a crack is generated inside, and further, It is speculated that the absorption of deuterium causes the condensed nuclear reaction to further progress.

4 to 8 are diagrams (photographs) of the reaction furnace 2.
FIG. 4 is a diagram (photograph) showing the appearance of the reactor in one of the embodiments used in the present application. In FIG. 4, the reactor 2 main body in which the heater 4 is wound at the center is visible. Also, on the left side, a connector with a viewing window 8 is visible. Also, the connection 5 to the data analysis device and the connection 6 to the evacuation device and the gas injection pipe 7 can be seen on the right side of the reaction furnace 2.

FIG. 5 shows parts of the reaction furnace 2, which are the reaction furnace 2 and the gas injection pipe 7. It should be noted that here also the connection 6 to the evacuation device for evacuating and exhausting the gas is visible. FIG. 6 is a view showing the heater 4 wound around the reaction furnace 2. The invention of this application is to operate the reactor 2 by supplying energy to the reactant 1 by heating by the heater 4.
7 is a view (photograph) of the state in which the connecting tool storing the observation window 8 is removed from the reaction furnace external view of FIG. 4, and FIG. 8 is a view showing the reaction body provided in the reaction furnace. In one embodiment of the present application, platinum 10 and palladium 11 are rubbed on the nickel mesh 9 to form a reactant 1, which is a production method to be produced in the same manner.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view (photograph) of a heat of reaction measurement system. The heater 4 is wound around the reaction furnace 2 at the center, and the connection tool storing the observation window 8 in the reaction furnace 2 and the connection 5 to the data analysis device and the connection 6 to the vacuum evacuation device 6 and the gas injection pipe 7 are installed There is.
10 is a schematic view of FIG. 9 and a schematic view of a reaction heat measurement system. In FIG. 10, 12 is an air inlet, 13 is an air outlet, 14 is a blower, 15 is an adiabatic box, 16 is an inlet temperature measurement, 17 is an outlet temperature measurement, 18 is a calibration heater, 19 is a blower power supply, 20 is a computer, 21 Is a data integrator, 22 is a power meter, and 23 is a heater power supply. Further, 2 and 3 are the same as in FIG.

The reactor 2 and the calibration heater 18 are placed in a heat insulation box 15 made of acrylic. The acrylic insulation box 15 is 400 mm wide and 750 mm deep and 700 mm high, and has an air inlet 12 near the bottom of the side and an air outlet 13 of 50 mm on the top. A 15 V, 10 W DC fan blower 14 is mounted above the top air outlet 13. A thermocouple 3 was installed directly below the DC fan blower 14 at the center of the lower air inlet 12 and at the center of the upper air outlet 13. The blower 14 supplied a constant voltage of 15.5 V and a constant current of 0.42 A, ie, 6.51 W, from a constant voltage blower power supply 19. The air flow rate of the DC fan blower 14 was calibrated with a digital anemometer. The thermoelectric anemometer has a range of 0.2 to 20 m / s, a resolution of 0.1 m / s, and a measurement temperature range of 0 to 50 ° C.
Further, from the lower left of FIG. 10, a heater power supply 23, a power measuring instrument 22 as a power input analyzer, a data logger 21 as a data integrator, a computer 20 as a personal computer for data accumulation, and a fan power supply 19 are provided. The reactor pressure measuring device used a baratron. Data at six reactor temperatures, current, voltage, air inlet and outlet temperatures at two locations were collected in the data logger 21 and accumulated every five seconds in the computer 20 which is the personal computer for data accumulation.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a calibration test. In FIG. 11, 24 is a calibration heater input, 25 is a reactor input, 2 and 3 are the same as FIG. 1, 12, 13, and 15 to 17 are the same as FIG. The reactor 2 and the calibration heater 18 are installed in the same position in the heat insulation box 15. A certain amount of air is flowed in from the reactor lower air inlet 12. The temperature of the air inlet 12 here is measured as the inlet temperature measurement 16 by the thermocouple 3 of the platinum temperature measuring body. The upper air outlet 13 has a DC fan blower 14, and a platinum temperature sensor thermocouple 3 is also attached to the air outlet 13 and the fan lower air inlet 12. The reason why the thermocouple 3 is attached also to the lower part of the blower 14 of the DC fan is that the thermocouple 3 is not influenced by the heat generated from the fan.

The calculation of the heat measurement is as follows.
The power input Input power can be obtained by an equation. Here, ΔW is the occasional power, and Δt is the data accumulation time interval.

The heat output Output power is determined by the following equation.

Where V = wind speed (m / s), S = air outlet cross-sectional area (m ² ): 8.2 × 10 ^-3 , = = air density (kg / m ³ ): 1.293 kg / m ³ , Hc = Air heat capacity = 1.006 kJ / kg / deg, V; the wind speed by the wind speed measuring instrument, a formula obtained approximately experimentally by the formula (3).

  Where A is a constant, -3.7, B is a constant 4 and w is a constant 1.375, and Wb is a blower input (watt), and dT is the temperature difference between the air inlet and outlet; It is represented by -Tin).

FIGS. 12-14 is an experimental result in a condensation collection nuclear reactor using the reactant 1 of this invention, and the magnitude of the effect of this invention is shown.
FIG. 12 is a time-variation diagram of the gas pressure in the reactor, the air outlet and the air inlet of the adiabatic box, and the temperature difference thereof when the input power is 100 W. The top graph corresponds to gas pressure on the right axis. The two middle graphs show the temperature of the air inlet on the lower side, and the temperature of the air outlet on the upper side corresponds to the value of the left axis. The upper and lower temperature differences are shown in the graph below as a graph that clearly shows that excessive heat is generated.

  FIG. 13 is an output change diagram with respect to 100 W of input power. After the input power of 100 W was applied for 75,000 seconds by the heater 4 wound in the reactor 2, the change in output when the input power was turned off was observed. Then, the temperature of the reactant rises rapidly, and after 5,000 seconds, 100 W of the input power is removed and the output power reaches 200 W, and the excess heat is always generated up to 75,000 seconds. Continued and stopped excessive heat generation with input power cut off. The total output heat is 13,800,804 J while the input heat 7,581,452 J is. This Out / In ratio was 1.82, and a heat output near twice that of the input was observed.

FIG. 14 is a temperature change diagram of each part of the reaction furnace, and in the figure, RTD2, RTD4, RTD5 and RTD6 in the legend indicate the measurement locations of the four thermocouples 3 in FIG. The thermocouples in the upper right of RTD4, RTD5 and RTD6 from the upper left of the figure show the measured values obtained with the respective thermocouples 3 of RTD2.
In this way, the input was changed, and a calibration test and a heat generation test were conducted.
The fact that any data plunged after 75,000 seconds in the graphs in Figures 12 to 14 is because we can see that the data has been sufficiently collected in the time so far and changes after the input has been turned off The reason for this is to interrupt the input. It can be seen from the graphs of FIGS. 12-14 that despite the fact that the excess heat for the input power of the present invention is a very simple device, a large excess heat can be easily obtained.
The amounts of nickel, platinum and palladium used for the reactant 1 used in the above example are 60 g, 10 g and 10 g, respectively.

  Although the present invention is currently researching renewable energy all over the world for the purpose of preventing global warming, since the energy is scarce, it can be replaced by energy problems and energy problems. Because both global warming prevention can be solved at once, mass production on a global scale is possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reactant 2 Reactor 3 Thermocouple 4 Heater 5 Connect to data analysis device 6 Connect to vacuum evacuation device 7 Connect gas evacuation pipe 8 Watch window 9 Nickel mesh 10 Platinum 11 Palladium 12 Air inlet 13 Air outlet 14 Blower 15 Adiabatic box 16 Inlet Temperature measurement 17 Outlet temperature measurement 18 Calibration heater 19 Blower power supply 20 computer 21 data integrator,
22 power meter 23 heater power (reactor input)
24 Calibration heater input 25 Reactor input

Claims (8)

It is composed of nickel and palladium and platinum fixed to the nickel,
To be used in condensation-type nuclear reactors, whose main constituents are hydrogen isotopes, nickel, platinum and palladium,
Reactant for condensation collection nuclear reactor characterized by The palladium and platinum are fixed by rubbing and adhering to nickel washed with hot water by polishing the surface with abrasive paper.
The reactant for condensation collecting nuclear reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The palladium and platinum and the nickel are fixed by alloying, plating or sintered body,
The condensation collection nuclear reactor reactant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that Containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of LaNi ₅ , YNi ₅ , MmNi ₅ , TiFe, Mg, NiAl and LiAl instead of at least one of nickel, platinum and palladium;
The reactant for condensation collecting nuclear reactors according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that And at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K and Ca.
The reactant for condensation collecting nuclear reactors according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that A step (1) of placing the condensation collection reactor for a nuclear reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in a condensation collection reactor.
Evacuating the inside of the reactor (2);
A step (3) of raising the temperature in the reactor stepwise and discharging an impurity gas from the reactor;
Placing at least one gas of hydrogen and deuterium into the reactor (4);
Lowering the inside of the reactor to room temperature (5);
Causing the reactant to absorb the gas in the reactor and generate heat,
A method of generating heat of a condensation collection reactor characterized by In the step (3), the temperature in the reactor is raised stepwise to 100 ° C., 200 ° C. and 300 ° C.,
The heat generation method of the condensation type nuclear reactor reactant according to claim 6, characterized in that In the step (4), introducing the gas into the reactor at 100 to 700 Pa;
The heat generation method of the condensation collection nuclear reactor reactant according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that