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JP2019070387A - Dual-fuel injection device, dual-fuel system, internal combustion engine, and method for operating such internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Dual-fuel injection device, dual-fuel system, internal combustion engine, and method for operating such internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2019070387A
JP2019070387A JP2018189962A JP2018189962A JP2019070387A JP 2019070387 A JP2019070387 A JP 2019070387A JP 2018189962 A JP2018189962 A JP 2018189962A JP 2018189962 A JP2018189962 A JP 2018189962A JP 2019070387 A JP2019070387 A JP 2019070387A
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Prior art keywords
fuel
needle
nozzle
dual
chamber
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JP7463053B2 (en
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ヨハン・ヴロカ
Wloka Johann
ルートヴィヒ・マイアー
Ludwig Maier
ホルガー・シャール
Holger Schaar
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Everllence SE
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
    • F02M43/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0607—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
    • F02D19/061—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow by controlling fuel injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0689—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0694—Injectors operating with a plurality of fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0209—Hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. methane or acetylene
    • F02M21/0212—Hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. methane or acetylene comprising at least 3 C-Atoms, e.g. liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], propane or butane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
    • F02M21/026—Lift valves, i.e. stem operated valves
    • F02M21/0263—Inwardly opening single or multi nozzle valves, e.g. needle valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0275—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection, e.g. injector combined with spark plug
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • F02M37/0064—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel for engines being fed with multiple fuels or fuels having special properties, e.g. bio-fuels; varying the fuel composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0001—Fuel-injection apparatus with specially arranged lubricating system, e.g. by fuel oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F02D19/0647—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
    • F02D19/0652—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils
    • F02D19/0655—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils at least one fuel being an alcohol, e.g. ethanol
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/16—Sealing of fuel injection apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】新たなタイプの二元燃料噴射装置を提供すること。【解決手段】内燃機関（１）の二元燃料噴射装置（６）であって、第１の燃料、特にディーゼルが導入されることが可能である、第１のノズル弁（７）と、第２の燃料、特にメタノールが導入されることが可能である、第２のノズル弁（９）とを有し、第２のノズル弁（９）のノズルニードルのニードルガイドが、第２の燃料がニードルガイドを経由して周囲に漏れ入るのを回避し、他方ではニードルガイド内で各ノズルニードルを潤滑化するために、シーリングおよび潤滑オイルの供給を受け得ることが可能であり、切換弁（１８）は、第２の燃料を各第２のノズル弁（９）の各ニードル燃料チャンバに供給し、各第２のノズル弁（９）のニードルガイドが、ニードル潤滑チャンバを画定し、ニードル潤滑チャンバが、第２の燃料がニードル潤滑チャンバの領域に進入しないように寸法設定された、二元燃料噴射装置（６）。【選択図】図１A new type of dual fuel injection apparatus is provided. A first fuel injection device (6) for an internal combustion engine (1), wherein a first fuel, in particular diesel, can be introduced, a first nozzle valve (7), A second nozzle valve (9) into which fuel, in particular methanol, can be introduced, the needle guide of the nozzle needle of the second nozzle valve (9), the second fuel In order to avoid leaking to the surroundings via the needle guide, and to lubricate each nozzle needle in the needle guide on the other hand, it is possible to be supplied with sealing and lubricating oil, and a switching valve (18 ) Supplies second fuel to each needle fuel chamber of each second nozzle valve (9), the needle guide of each second nozzle valve (9) defining a needle lubrication chamber, But second fuel is need Lubricating chamber is set dimensions so as not to enter the area, dual fuel injector (6). [Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、二元燃料噴射装置に関する。さらに、本発明は、二元燃料システム、内燃機関、およびかかる内燃機関を動作させるための方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a dual fuel injection system. Furthermore, the invention relates to a dual fuel system, an internal combustion engine and a method for operating such an internal combustion engine.

第１の動作モードにおいて第１の燃料を、および第２の動作モードにおいて第２の燃料を燃焼する二元燃料内燃機関が、慣例から広く知られている。第１の動作モードで燃焼される燃料は、優先的には例えばディーゼルなどの液体燃料である。第２の動作モードで燃焼される第２の燃料は、気体燃料、またはさらには例えばメタノールなどの液体燃料のいずれかであることが可能である。第２の動作モードで、第１の燃料は、優先的には第２の燃料を点火するために使用される。本明細書に示される本発明は、具体的には、いずれの場合も液体燃料を第１の燃料および第２の燃料として燃焼する二元燃料内燃機関に関する。   Binary fuel internal combustion engines which burn a first fuel in a first mode of operation and a second fuel in a second mode of operation are widely known from practice. The fuel burned in the first mode of operation is preferentially liquid fuel, such as, for example, diesel. The second fuel burned in the second mode of operation can be either a gaseous fuel or even a liquid fuel such as, for example, methanol. In the second mode of operation, the first fuel is preferentially used to ignite the second fuel. The invention presented herein specifically relates to a dual fuel internal combustion engine, in each case burning a liquid fuel as a first fuel and a second fuel.

二元燃料内燃機関は、内燃機関の各シリンダ用の二元燃料噴射装置を備える二元燃料システムを備える。慣例から知られている二元燃料噴射装置は、典型的には第１のノズル弁および複数の第２のノズル弁を備え、第１のノズル弁は、各シリンダの燃焼チャンバ内に第１の燃料を導入する役割を果たし、第２のノズル弁は、各シリンダの燃焼チャンバ内に第２の燃料を導入する役割を果たす。既に説明したように、第１の燃料は、とりわけディーゼルであり、第２の燃料は、とりわけメタノールであり、代替的にはエタノールまたはＬＰＧである。   A dual fuel internal combustion engine comprises a dual fuel system comprising dual fuel injectors for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine. A dual fuel injector known from practice typically comprises a first nozzle valve and a plurality of second nozzle valves, the first nozzle valve being a first in the combustion chamber of each cylinder. The second nozzle valve is responsible for introducing the second fuel into the combustion chamber of each cylinder. As already mentioned, the first fuel is especially diesel and the second fuel is especially methanol, alternatively ethanol or LPG.

各ノズル弁の領域において、特に各第２のノズル弁の領域において、各ノズル弁のノズルニードルが、ノズル弁のニードルガイド内で案内され、各ノズル弁のノズルニードルのニードルガイドは、少なくともいくつかのセクションでニードル燃料チャンバを画定する。各ノズル弁の各ニードル燃料チャンバは、供給ラインを経由して所定の燃料圧力を有する各燃料の供給を受け得る。これは、第１のノズル弁の領域およびさらに第２のノズル弁の領域の両方に該当する。   In the region of each nozzle valve, in particular in the region of each second nozzle valve, the nozzle needle of each nozzle valve is guided in the needle guide of the nozzle valve, the needle guide of the nozzle needle of each nozzle valve at least some Define a needle fuel chamber at the section of. Each needle fuel chamber of each nozzle valve may receive a supply of each fuel having a predetermined fuel pressure via a supply line. This applies both to the area of the first nozzle valve and also to the area of the second nozzle valve.

第１のノズル弁を経由して各シリンダの燃焼チャンバ内に導入され得るディーゼル燃料は、各ノズルニードルに対して潤滑化機能をもたらすことが可能であり、さらにこのディーゼル燃料は、無毒性である。対照的に、第２のノズル弁を経由して各シリンダの燃焼チャンバ内に導入され得るメタノールは、潤滑化機能をもたらすことができない一方でさらに有毒性であるため、一方では第２の燃料がニードルガイドを経由して周囲に漏れ入るのを回避し、他方ではニードルガイド内の各ノズルニードルを潤滑化させるために、第２のノズル弁の領域内の各第２のノズル弁のニードルガイドにシーリングおよび潤滑オイルを供給することが慣例的には普通である。   The diesel fuel, which can be introduced into the combustion chamber of each cylinder via the first nozzle valve, can provide a lubricating function to each nozzle needle, and the diesel fuel is also non-toxic . In contrast, methanol, which can be introduced into the combustion chamber of each cylinder via the second nozzle valve, can not provide a lubricating function while being more toxic, while the second fuel is To the needle guide of each second nozzle valve in the area of the second nozzle valve in order to avoid leaking around via the needle guide and on the other hand to lubricate each nozzle needle in the needle guide It is customary to supply sealing and lubricating oils.

慣例から知られている二元燃料噴射装置では、第２の燃料の燃料圧力が、各第２のノズル弁のニードル燃料チャンバ内において内燃機関の第２の動作モードで優先的に発生し、この燃料圧力は、数百バール、特に約６００バールの規模に相当し得る。この理由から、慣例から知られている二元燃料噴射装置では、第２の燃料の燃料圧力を超過する圧力をシーリングおよび潤滑オイルに与えることが必要であり、したがって、二元燃料噴射装置は、高圧下にあるシーリングおよび潤滑オイルの供給を受けなければならない。これは、複雑かつ不利である。   In a dual fuel injector known from practice, the fuel pressure of the second fuel is preferentially generated in the second operating mode of the internal combustion engine in the needle fuel chamber of each second nozzle valve, The fuel pressure may correspond to a scale of several hundred bar, in particular about 600 bar. For this reason, it is necessary in conventional dual fuel injectors to apply a pressure over the fuel pressure of the second fuel to the sealing and lubricating oil, so that the dual fuel injectors Must be supplied with sealing and lubricating oil under high pressure. This is complicated and disadvantageous.

特許文献１は、第１の燃料用の第１のノズル弁および第２の燃料用の複数の第２のノズル弁を有する先行技術による二元燃料噴射装置を開示している。   U.S. Pat. No. 5,959,015 discloses a prior art dual fuel injector having a first nozzle valve for a first fuel and a plurality of second nozzle valves for a second fuel.

独国特許発明第１０２０１４０１４４５２号German Patent Invention No. 102014014452

ここを出発点として、本発明は、新たなタイプの二元燃料噴射装置、二元燃料システム、内燃機関、およびかかる内燃機関を動作させるための方法を生み出す目的に基づく。   Starting from this, the invention is based on the object of creating a new type of dual fuel injection system, a dual fuel system, an internal combustion engine and a method for operating such an internal combustion engine.

この目的は、請求項１に記載の二元燃料噴射装置により達成される。本発明によれば、第２のノズル弁が、切換弁を割り当てられ、切換弁は、供給ラインを経由して各シリンダの噴射サイクルに応じて第２の燃料を各第２のノズル弁の各ニードル燃料チャンバに供給し、それにより第２の燃料の燃料圧力が、噴射サイクルに応じてニードル燃料チャンバ内に発生する。各第２のノズル弁のニードルガイドは、シーリングおよび潤滑オイルの供給を受け得るニードル潤滑チャンバを少なくともいくつかのセクションにおいて画定し、ニードル潤滑チャンバは、特に各ニードル燃料チャンバ内で第２の燃料の燃料圧力が噴射サイクルに応じて発生する場合に、第２の燃料がニードル潤滑チャンバの領域に進入しないように寸法設定された、各ニードル燃料チャンバからの距離を有する。   This object is achieved by the dual fuel injector according to claim 1. According to the invention, the second nozzle valve is assigned a diverter valve, which diverts the second fuel via the supply line according to the injection cycle of each cylinder. A fuel pressure is supplied to the needle fuel chamber so that a fuel pressure of the second fuel is generated in the needle fuel chamber in response to the injection cycle. The needle guide of each second nozzle valve defines in at least some sections a needle lubrication chamber that can receive sealing and lubricating oil supplies, the needle lubrication chamber being in particular for the second fuel in each needle fuel chamber There is a distance from each needle fuel chamber sized to prevent the second fuel from entering the region of the needle lubrication chamber when fuel pressure is generated in response to the injection cycle.

本発明による二元燃料噴射装置では、第２の燃料が各シリンダの噴射サイクルに応じて各第２のノズル弁のニードル燃料チャンバに供給され、したがってそれにより第２の燃料の燃料圧力が各第２のノズル弁のニードル燃料チャンバ内において永久的に発生するのではなく、各噴射サイクルに応じて発生するに過ぎないということにより、ちょうどニードル燃料チャンバとシーリングおよび潤滑オイルの供給を受けるニードル潤滑チャンバとの間の距離が所定の様式で寸法設定されるということと同様に、高圧下のシーリングおよび潤滑オイルをなくすことが可能となる。   In the dual fuel injector according to the present invention, the second fuel is supplied to the needle fuel chamber of each second nozzle valve in response to the injection cycle of each cylinder, whereby the fuel pressure of the second fuel is thus determined The needle lubrication chamber which receives just the needle fuel chamber and the supply of sealing and lubricating oil, by not being generated permanently in the needle fuel chamber of the two nozzle valves but only in response to each injection cycle It is possible to eliminate sealing and lubricating oils under high pressure, as well as the distance between them being sized in a predetermined manner.

また、対照的に、オイルのシーリング機能および潤滑化機能は、特にシーリングおよび潤滑オイルのオイル圧力が第２の動作モードにおいて第２の燃料の燃料圧力未満である場合でも、完全に確保され得る。各第２のノズル弁のニードル燃料チャンバとニードル潤滑チャンバとの間の距離は、特に各ニードル燃料チャンバ内でシーリングおよび潤滑オイルのオイル圧力よりも高い第２の燃料の燃料圧力が発生するように寸法設定されることにより、第２の燃料は、ニードル潤滑チャンバの領域に進入しない。その限りにおいて、シーリングおよび潤滑オイルのシーリングおよび潤滑化機能は、完全に実現され得る。   Also, in contrast, the sealing and lubricating function of the oil may be completely ensured, especially if the oil pressure of the sealing and lubricating oil is less than the fuel pressure of the second fuel in the second operating mode. The distance between the needle fuel chamber of each second nozzle valve and the needle lubrication chamber is such that a fuel pressure of the second fuel which is higher than the oil pressure of the sealing and lubricating oil is generated in particular in each needle fuel chamber By dimensioning, the second fuel does not enter the area of the needle lubrication chamber. To that extent, the sealing and lubricating function of the sealing and lubricating oil can be completely realized.

本発明の有利なさらなる展開によれば、二元燃料噴射装置は、複数の第２のノズル弁を備え、第２のノズル弁は、共通切換弁を割り当てられる。これは、二元燃料噴射装置の単純な設計の一実施形態にとって有利である。   According to an advantageous further development of the invention, the dual fuel injection device comprises a plurality of second nozzle valves, which are assigned a common switching valve. This is advantageous for one embodiment of a simple design of a dual fuel injector.

有利なさらなる展開によれば、切換弁は、二元燃料噴射装置の基体の外部に配置される。これにより、切換弁を簡単に交換することが可能となる。   According to an advantageous further development, the switching valve is arranged outside the base of the dual fuel injection device. This makes it possible to easily replace the switching valve.

二元燃料システムは、請求項７において定義され、内燃機関は、請求項９において定義される。内燃機関を動作させるための方法は、請求項１０に定義される。   A dual fuel system is defined in claim 7 and an internal combustion engine is defined in claim 9. A method for operating an internal combustion engine is defined in claim 10.

本発明の好ましいさらなる展開が、従属請求項および以下の説明から得られる。本発明の例示の実施形態が、非限定的な図面を用いてさらに詳細に説明される。   Preferred further developments of the invention result from the dependent claims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail using non-limiting drawings.

二元燃料システムのブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a dual fuel system. 閉状態にある第２のノズル弁の領域における二元燃料システムの二元燃料噴射装置からの抜粋図である。FIG. 7 is an excerpt from a dual fuel injector of a dual fuel system in the area of a second nozzle valve in a closed state. 第２のノズル弁が開状態にある図２からの抜粋図である。FIG. 3 is an excerpt from FIG. 2 with the second nozzle valve in an open state.

本明細書に示される本発明は、二元燃料噴射装置と、二元燃料システムと、かかる二元燃料噴射装置を有する内燃機関と、二元燃料内燃機関を動作させるための方法とに関する。   The invention presented herein relates to a dual fuel injector, a dual fuel system, an internal combustion engine having such dual fuel injector, and a method for operating a dual fuel internal combustion engine.

図１は、二元燃料内燃機関１、または内燃機関のシリンダ２の領域における二元燃料内燃機関１の二元燃料システムの非常に概略的な抜粋を示す。シリンダ２のシリンダヘッド３およびピストン４が示されるが、シリンダヘッド３およびピストン４は、各シリンダ２の燃焼チャンバ５をいくつかのセクションにおいて画定する。   FIG. 1 shows a very schematic excerpt of a dual fuel internal combustion engine 1 or a dual fuel system of a dual fuel internal combustion engine 1 in the region of a cylinder 2 of the internal combustion engine. While the cylinder head 3 and the piston 4 of the cylinder 2 are shown, the cylinder head 3 and the piston 4 define the combustion chamber 5 of each cylinder 2 in several sections.

シリンダヘッド３は、各シリンダ２ごとに二元燃料噴射装置６を受け、図示する例示の実施形態では二元燃料噴射装置６は、第１のノズル弁７を備え、第１の燃料８が、この第１のノズル弁７を経由してシリンダ２の燃焼チャンバ５内に導入され得る。また、二元燃料噴射装置６は、複数の第２のノズル弁９を備え、第２の燃料１０が、これらの複数の第２のノズル弁９を経由してシリンダ２の燃焼チャンバ５内に導入され得る。   The cylinder head 3 receives the dual fuel injection device 6 for each cylinder 2. In the illustrated embodiment shown, the dual fuel injection device 6 comprises a first nozzle valve 7, the first fuel 8 being It can be introduced into the combustion chamber 5 of the cylinder 2 via this first nozzle valve 7. Further, the binary fuel injection device 6 includes a plurality of second nozzle valves 9, and the second fuel 10 is introduced into the combustion chamber 5 of the cylinder 2 via the plurality of second nozzle valves 9. It can be introduced.

第１の燃料８は、第１の液体燃料であり、特にディーゼルである。第２の燃料１０は、やはり液体燃料であり、特にメタノール、エタノール、またはＬＰＧ（液化石油ガス）である。   The first fuel 8 is a first liquid fuel, in particular diesel. The second fuel 10 is again a liquid fuel, in particular methanol, ethanol or LPG (liquefied petroleum gas).

各シリンダ２の二元燃料噴射装置６の第１のノズル弁７は、第１の燃料供給システム１１の補助により第１の燃料の供給を受けることが可能である。第１の燃料は、第１の燃料供給システム１１の第１の燃料タンク１２内に用意されており、第１の燃料タンク１２から出ると各第１の燃料ポンプ１３を介して各シリンダ２に、すなわち各シリンダ２の各二元燃料噴射装置６に供給され得る。各第１の燃料ポンプ１３は、いわゆるシリンダごとのプラグインポンプであることが可能であり、これは、例えば少なくとも１，５００バールまたは１，５００〜２，５００バールの間の規模である第１の燃料圧力を第１の燃料に与える。   The first nozzle valve 7 of the dual fuel injection device 6 of each cylinder 2 can receive the first fuel supply with the aid of the first fuel supply system 11. The first fuel is prepared in the first fuel tank 12 of the first fuel supply system 11, and when it comes out of the first fuel tank 12, each cylinder 2 is received via the first fuel pumps 13. That is, it can be supplied to each dual fuel injection device 6 of each cylinder 2. Each first fuel pump 13 may be a so-called plug-in-per-cylinder pump, which may for example be of the order of at least 1,500 bar or between 1,500 and 2,500 bar. Fuel pressure is applied to the first fuel.

各シリンダ２の二元燃料噴射装置６の第２のノズル弁９は、第２の燃料供給システム１４を経由して第２の燃料の供給を受けることが可能である。第２の燃料は、第２の燃料供給システム１４の第２の燃料タンク１５内に用意されている。第２の燃料供給システム１４の第２の燃料ポンプ１６が、第２の燃料タンク１５から出る第２の燃料を燃料貯蔵ユニット１７内に送達し、この燃料貯蔵ユニット１７内において特に約６００バールの規模である燃料は第２の燃料圧力で用意される。この貯蔵ユニット１７から出て、第２の燃料は、第２のノズル弁９に供給されることが可能であり、貯蔵ユニット１７と各二元燃料噴射装置６の第２のノズル弁９との間には切換弁１８が結合され、この切換弁１８は、第２の燃料圧力を有する第２の燃料を第２のノズル弁９に永久的に供給するわけではなく、第２のノズル弁９が各シリンダ２の燃焼チャンバ５内に第２の燃料１０を実際に噴射する時点における各シリンダの噴射サイクルに応じて供給するに過ぎない。   The second nozzle valve 9 of the dual fuel injection device 6 of each cylinder 2 can receive the supply of the second fuel via the second fuel supply system 14. The second fuel is provided in the second fuel tank 15 of the second fuel supply system 14. The second fuel pump 16 of the second fuel supply system 14 delivers the second fuel coming out of the second fuel tank 15 into the fuel storage unit 17 and in this fuel storage unit 17 in particular about 600 bar. A fuel that is of magnitude is provided at a second fuel pressure. Out of this storage unit 17, a second fuel can be supplied to the second nozzle valve 9, and between the storage unit 17 and the second nozzle valve 9 of each dual fuel injector 6. In the meantime, the switching valve 18 is coupled, and the switching valve 18 does not permanently supply the second fuel having the second fuel pressure to the second nozzle valve 9. Only supply according to the injection cycle of each cylinder at the time of actually injecting the second fuel 10 into the combustion chamber 5 of each cylinder 2.

さらに、図１は、シーリングおよび潤滑オイル用のリザーバ２０を有するシーリングおよび潤滑オイルシステム１９を示し、このシーリングおよび潤滑オイルは、特に各二元燃料噴射装置６のノズル弁の領域内でシーリング機能および潤滑化機能をもたらすために二元燃料噴射装置６に供給され得る。   Furthermore, FIG. 1 shows a sealing and lubricating oil system 19 with a reservoir 20 for sealing and lubricating oil, which sealing function and in particular in the region of the nozzle valve of each dual fuel injector 6 A dual fuel injector 6 may be provided to provide a lubrication function.

図２および図３は、各シリンダ２の燃焼チャンバ５内に第２の燃料を噴射する役割を果たす、第２のノズル弁９の領域内の二元燃料噴射装置６からの抜粋を示す。図２では、図示される第２のノズル弁９は閉じられ、図３では、この第２のノズル弁９は開かれる。   2 and 3 show an excerpt from a dual fuel injector 6 in the area of the second nozzle valve 9 which serves to inject the second fuel into the combustion chamber 5 of each cylinder 2. In FIG. 2 the illustrated second nozzle valve 9 is closed and in FIG. 3 this second nozzle valve 9 is opened.

したがって、図２および図３に示す二元燃料噴射装置６の第２のノズル弁９は、ニードルガイド２２内で上下に可動に案内されるノズルニードル２１を備え、このニードルガイド２２は、二元燃料噴射装置６の基体２３により形成される。各第２のノズル弁９のニードルガイド２２は、少なくともいくつかのセクションにおいてニードル燃料チャンバ２４を画定し、このニードル燃料チャンバ２４は、各切換弁１８と、シリンダ２のまたは二元燃料噴射装置６の切換弁１８から各ニードル燃料チャンバ２４に至る第２の燃料用の供給ライン２５とを経由して噴射サイクルに応じて第２の燃料の供給を受け得る。   Therefore, the second nozzle valve 9 of the binary fuel injection system 6 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 includes a nozzle needle 21 which is guided to move up and down in the needle guide 22. This needle guide 22 is a binary valve. It is formed by the base 23 of the fuel injection device 6. The needle guide 22 of each second nozzle valve 9 defines a needle fuel chamber 24 in at least some sections, which comprises a respective switching valve 18 and cylinder 2 or dual fuel injector 6 The second fuel supply can be received according to the injection cycle via the second fuel supply line 25 from the switching valve 18 to the respective needle fuel chambers 24.

既に説明したように、二元燃料噴射装置６の第２のノズル弁９に割り当てられる切換弁１８は、各第２のニードル弁９の各ニードル燃料チャンバ２４に第２の燃料を供給せず、しかし各シリンダ２の噴射サイクルに応じて供給するに過ぎない。そのため、第２の燃料の燃料圧力は、各シリンダ２の噴射サイクルに応じてニードル燃料チャンバ２４内に発生し、すなわち具体的には図３による各第２のノズル弁９が開かれた時に、すなわちノズルニードル２１の輪郭部２６がニードルガイド２２の対応する弁座２７から離れて引き上げられた時に発生する。具体的には、対照的に図２によれば、各第２のノズル弁９が、ノズルニードル２１の輪郭部２６がニードルガイド２２の弁座２７に対接して載置されることに起因して閉じられた時に、切換弁１８は、閉じられ、それによりニードル燃料チャンバ２４は、供給ライン２５を経由して第２の燃料の供給を受けず、およびしたがって第２の燃料の燃料圧力は、ニードル燃料チャンバ２４内に発生しない。   As already explained, the switching valve 18 assigned to the second nozzle valve 9 of the binary fuel injection device 6 does not supply the second fuel to each needle fuel chamber 24 of each second needle valve 9, However, it only supplies according to the injection cycle of each cylinder 2. Therefore, the fuel pressure of the second fuel is generated in the needle fuel chamber 24 according to the injection cycle of each cylinder 2, ie specifically when each second nozzle valve 9 according to FIG. 3 is opened, That is, it occurs when the contour 26 of the nozzle needle 21 is pulled away from the corresponding valve seat 27 of the needle guide 22. Specifically, in contrast, according to FIG. 2, each second nozzle valve 9 is caused to be placed with the contour portion 26 of the nozzle needle 21 in contact with the valve seat 27 of the needle guide 22. When closed, the diverter valve 18 is closed so that the needle fuel chamber 24 does not receive the supply of the second fuel via the supply line 25 and therefore the fuel pressure of the second fuel is It does not occur in the needle fuel chamber 24.

図３では、第２のノズル弁９が開いた状態での第２の燃料の流れが、実線矢印で示され、これは、開いた切換弁１８から出ると供給ライン２５を経由してニードル燃料チャンバ２４へと供給され、ノズルニードル２１が弁座２７から離れて引き上げられた状態において、二元燃料噴射装置６の基体２３中のオリフィス２８を経由して各シリンダ２の燃焼チャンバ５内に導入され得る。これと比較して、図３は、各ニードル燃料チャンバ２４内で第２のノズル弁９がそれぞれ閉じられた状態では、第２の燃料が供給されないことを破線で示す。供給されない理由は、この場合には、切換弁１８が閉じられ、それによりニードル燃料チャンバ２４内の第２のノズル弁９が閉じられた状態において、第２の燃料の燃料圧力が発生しないからである。図３の状態では、シーリングおよび潤滑オイルは、ニードル燃料チャンバ２４の領域に流入することが可能である。   In FIG. 3, the flow of the second fuel with the second nozzle valve 9 open is indicated by the solid arrow, which, upon exiting the open switching valve 18, is needle fuel via the supply line 25. The gas is supplied to the chamber 24 and introduced into the combustion chamber 5 of each cylinder 2 via the orifice 28 in the base 23 of the dual fuel injection device 6 in a state where the nozzle needle 21 is pulled away from the valve seat 27 It can be done. In comparison, FIG. 3 shows in broken lines that the second fuel is not supplied when the second nozzle valve 9 is closed in each needle fuel chamber 24 respectively. The reason why the fuel pressure is not supplied is that, in this case, the fuel pressure of the second fuel is not generated in a state where the switching valve 18 is closed and thereby the second nozzle valve 9 in the needle fuel chamber 24 is closed. is there. In the state of FIG. 3, sealing and lubricating oil can flow into the area of the needle fuel chamber 24.

図２および図３によれば、各第２のノズル弁９のニードルガイド２２は、シーリングおよび潤滑オイルの供給を受け得るニードル潤滑チャンバ２９を少なくともいくつかのセクションにおいて画定する。図２および図３に示す破線矢印によれば、各ニードル潤滑チャンバ２９は、一方では各ニードルガイド２２内の各シーリングニードル２１を潤滑させ、他方では第２の燃料がニードルガイド２２を経由して周囲に漏れ入り得るのを回避するために、シーリングおよび潤滑オイルシステム１９のオイルタンク２０から出るシーリングおよび潤滑オイルの供給を受け得る。   According to FIGS. 2 and 3, the needle guide 22 of each second nozzle valve 9 defines in at least some sections a needle lubrication chamber 29 which can receive a supply of sealing and lubricating oil. According to the dashed arrows shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each needle lubrication chamber 29 lubricates each sealing needle 21 in each needle guide 22 on the one hand and the second fuel via the needle guide 22 on the other hand A sealing and lubricating oil supply can be received from the oil tank 20 of the sealing and lubricating oil system 19 to avoid leakage into the environment.

ここで、二元燃料噴射装置６の各第２のノズル弁９のノズルニードル２１の軸方向すなわち移動方向に見た場合に、ニードル燃料チャンバ２４とニードル潤滑チャンバ２９との間の距離Ｘは、特にニードル燃料チャンバ２４内において第２の燃料の燃料圧力（図３を参照）が噴射サイクルに応じて発生する場合に、ニードル燃料チャンバ２４から出る第２の燃料が、ニードル潤滑チャンバ２９の方向へとニードルガイド２２を経由して移動することが可能となるが、ニードル潤滑チャンバ２９の領域には進入せず、それによりしたがってシーリングおよび潤滑オイルが、特にシーリングおよび潤滑オイルの圧力が第２の燃料の燃料圧力よりも低い場合でも、ニードル潤滑チャンバ２９から変位されることが不可能となるように、寸法設定される。   Here, the distance X between the needle fuel chamber 24 and the needle lubrication chamber 29 when viewed in the axial direction, ie, the moving direction, of the nozzle needle 21 of each second nozzle valve 9 of the binary fuel injection device 6 is The second fuel exiting the needle fuel chamber 24 is directed in the direction of the needle lubrication chamber 29, especially when the fuel pressure of the second fuel (see FIG. 3) is generated in response to the injection cycle in the needle fuel chamber 24. And through the needle guide 22 but does not enter the area of the needle lubrication chamber 29, whereby the sealing and lubricating oil, in particular the pressure of the sealing and lubricating oil, is the second fuel Are sized so that they can not be displaced from the needle lubrication .

したがって、本発明による二元燃料噴射装置６では、第２のノズル弁９は、各シリンダ２の噴射サイクルに応じて各ニードル燃料チャンバ２４に第２の燃料を供給可能にし、したがってそれによりニードル燃料チャンバ２４内における第２の燃料の燃料圧力が、永久的には発生せず各噴射サイクルに応じて発生するに過ぎないものとなるように、切換弁１８を割り当てられる。ニードル燃料チャンバ２４から所定の距離Ｘを有するニードル潤滑チャンバ２９は、第２の燃料の燃料圧力よりも低いオイル圧力を有するシーリングおよび潤滑オイルを永久的に供給される。典型的には、第２の燃料の燃料圧力は、約６００バールであり、シーリングおよび潤滑オイルのオイル圧力は、１００バール未満であり、例えば約１０バールである。ニードル燃料チャンバ２４とニードル潤滑チャンバ２９との間の所定の距離Ｘにより、第２の燃料は、特に噴射サイクルに応じて第２の燃料の燃料圧力がニードル燃料チャンバ２４内に発生する場合には、実際にニードル潤滑チャンバ２９の方向に移動し得るが、ニードル潤滑チャンバ２９の領域に進入せず、したがってニードル潤滑チャンバ２９からシーリングおよび潤滑オイルを変位させない。したがって、ニードル燃料チャンバ２４とニードル潤滑チャンバ２９との間の距離Ｘは、噴射サイクルに応じて、および優先的にはさらにシーリングおよび潤滑オイルのオイル圧力と第２の燃料の燃料圧力との間の圧力差に応じて寸法設定される。   Thus, in the dual fuel injector 6 according to the present invention, the second nozzle valve 9 enables each needle fuel chamber 24 to be supplied with a second fuel in response to the injection cycle of each cylinder 2 and thereby needle fuel The switching valve 18 is assigned such that the fuel pressure of the second fuel in the chamber 24 does not occur permanently and only in response to each injection cycle. A needle lubrication chamber 29 having a predetermined distance X from the needle fuel chamber 24 is permanently supplied with sealing and lubricating oil having an oil pressure lower than the fuel pressure of the second fuel. Typically, the fuel pressure of the second fuel is about 600 bar and the oil pressure of the sealing and lubricating oil is less than 100 bar, for example about 10 bar. Due to the predetermined distance X between the needle fuel chamber 24 and the needle lubrication chamber 29, the second fuel is generated, in particular if the fuel pressure of the second fuel is generated in the needle fuel chamber 24 depending on the injection cycle. It can actually move in the direction of the needle lubrication chamber 29, but does not enter the area of the needle lubrication chamber 29, and thus does not displace sealing and lubrication oil from the needle lubrication chamber 29. Thus, the distance X between the needle fuel chamber 24 and the needle lubrication chamber 29 depends on the injection cycle, and preferentially also between the oil pressure of the sealing and lubricating oil and the fuel pressure of the second fuel. It is dimensioned according to the pressure difference.

既に説明したように、二元燃料噴射装置６は、優先的には第１の中央の第１のノズル弁７と、複数の第２のノズル弁９とを備え、これらの第２のノズル弁９は、第１のノズル弁７の上方に位置決めされる。各シリンダ２の二元燃料噴射装置６の複数の第２のノズル弁９は、共通切換弁１８が割り当てられ、この共通切換弁１８は、二元燃料噴射装置６の基体２３の外部に配置され、したがって容易に交換することが可能である。   As already explained, the binary fuel injection device 6 preferentially comprises a first central first nozzle valve 7 and a plurality of second nozzle valves 9, these second nozzle valves 9 is positioned above the first nozzle valve 7. The plurality of second nozzle valves 9 of the dual fuel injection device 6 of each cylinder 2 are assigned a common switching valve 18, and the common switching valve 18 is disposed outside the base 23 of the dual fuel injection device 6. And therefore can be easily replaced.

１ 内燃機関
２ シリンダ
３ シリンダヘッド
４ ピストン
５ 燃焼チャンバ
６ 二元燃料噴射装置
７ ノズル弁
８ 第１の燃料
９ ノズル弁
１０ 第２の燃料
１１ 燃料供給システム
１２ リザーバ
１３ 燃料ポンプ
１４ 燃料供給システム
１５ リザーバ
１６ 燃料ポンプ
１７ リザーバ
１８ 切換弁
１９ シーリングおよび潤滑オイルシステム
２０ リザーバ
２１ ノズルニードル
２２ ニードルガイド
２３ 基体
２４ ニードル燃料チャンバ
２５ 供給ライン
２６ 輪郭部
２７ 弁座
２８ オリフィス
２９ ニードル潤滑チャンバ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 internal combustion engine 2 cylinder 3 cylinder head 4 piston 5 combustion chamber 6 binary fuel injection system 7 nozzle valve 8 1st fuel 9 nozzle valve 10 2nd fuel 11 fuel supply system 12 reservoir 13 fuel pump 14 fuel supply system 15 reservoir Reference Signs List 16 fuel pump 17 reservoir 18 switching valve 19 sealing and lubricating oil system 20 reservoir 21 nozzle needle 22 needle guide 23 base 24 needle fuel chamber 25 supply line 26 contour portion 27 valve seat 28 orifice 29 needle lubrication chamber

Claims (10)

内燃機関（１）のシリンダ（２）用の二元燃料噴射装置（６）であって、
少なくとも１つの第１のノズル弁（７）であって、第１の燃料が、前記少なくとも１つの第１のノズル弁（７）を経由して前記各シリンダ（２）の燃焼チャンバ（５）内に導入されることが可能である、少なくとも１つの第１のノズル弁（７）と、少なくとも１つの第２のノズル弁（９）であって、第２の燃料が、前記少なくとも１つの第２のノズル弁（９）を経由して前記各シリンダ（２）の前記燃焼チャンバ（５）内に導入されることが可能である、少なくとも１つの第２のノズル弁（９）とを有し、
１つのまたは各前記第２のノズル弁（９）の領域において、前記各第２のノズル弁（９）のノズルニードル（２１）が、前記第２のノズル弁（９）のニードルガイド（２２）内で案内され、前記ニードルガイド（２２）が、ニードル燃料チャンバ（２４）を少なくともいくつかのセクションにおいて画定し、前記ニードル燃料チャンバ（２４）は、供給ライン（２５）を経由して所定の燃料圧力を有する前記第２の燃料の供給を受けることが可能であり、
１つのまたは各前記第２のノズル弁（９）の前記領域において、前記各第２のノズル弁（９）の前記ニードルガイド（２２）は、一方では前記第２の燃料が前記ニードルガイド（２２）を経由して周囲に漏れ入るのを回避し、他方では前記ニードルガイド（２２）内で前記各ノズルニードル（２１）を潤滑化するために、シーリングおよび潤滑オイルの供給を受け得る、二元燃料噴射装置（６）において、
１つのまたは各前記第２のノズル弁（９）には、切換弁（１８）が割り当てられ、前記切換弁（１８）は、前記供給ライン（２５）を経由して前記各シリンダ（２）の噴射サイクルに応じて前記第２の燃料を前記各第２のノズル弁（９）の前記各ニードル燃料チャンバ（２４）に供給し、それにより前記第２の燃料の燃料圧力が、前記噴射サイクルに応じて前記ニードル燃料チャンバ（２４）内に発生し、
前記各第２のノズル弁（９）の前記ニードルガイド（２２）は、前記シーリングおよび潤滑オイルの供給を受け得るニードル潤滑チャンバ（２９）を少なくともいくつかのセクションにおいて画定し、前記ニードル潤滑チャンバ（２９）は、前記各ニードル燃料チャンバ（２４）内で前記噴射サイクルに応じた前記燃料圧力が発生する場合に、前記第２の燃料が前記ニードル潤滑チャンバ（２９）の領域に進入しないように寸法設定された、前記各ニードル燃料チャンバ（２４）からの距離（Ｘ）を有することを特徴とする、二元燃料噴射装置（６）。 A dual fuel injector (6) for a cylinder (2) of an internal combustion engine (1), comprising
At least one first nozzle valve (7), wherein a first fuel is passed through the at least one first nozzle valve (7) into the combustion chamber (5) of each cylinder (2) At least one first nozzle valve (7) and at least one second nozzle valve (9), which can be introduced into the at least one second fuel valve; And at least one second nozzle valve (9), which can be introduced into the combustion chamber (5) of each cylinder (2) via the nozzle valve (9) of
In the region of one or each of the second nozzle valves (9), the nozzle needle (21) of each of the second nozzle valves (9) is the needle guide (22) of the second nozzle valve (9) Guided therein, the needle guide (22) defines a needle fuel chamber (24) in at least some sections, and the needle fuel chamber (24) receives a predetermined fuel via a supply line (25) It is possible to receive the supply of the second fuel having a pressure,
In the region of one or each of the second nozzle valves (9), the needle guide (22) of each of the second nozzle valves (9) on the one hand carries the needle guide (22) A dual supply of sealing and lubricating oil to lubricate the nozzle needles (21) within the needle guide (22), avoiding leakage into the environment via the In the fuel injection device (6),
A switching valve (18) is assigned to one or each of the second nozzle valves (9), and the switching valve (18) is connected to the respective cylinder (2) via the supply line (25). The second fuel is supplied to the needle fuel chambers (24) of the second nozzle valves (9) according to the injection cycle, whereby the fuel pressure of the second fuel is supplied to the injection cycle. In response to the needle fuel chamber (24),
The needle guide (22) of each second nozzle valve (9) defines in at least some sections a needle lubrication chamber (29) which can receive the supply of sealing and lubricating oil, the needle lubrication chamber (29 29) is dimensioned such that the second fuel does not enter the area of the needle lubrication chamber (29) when the fuel pressure according to the injection cycle is generated in the respective needle fuel chamber (24) A dual fuel injector (6), characterized in that it has a set distance (X) from each said needle fuel chamber (24). 単一の中央の第１のノズル弁（７）を備えることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の二元燃料噴射装置（６）。   Dual fuel injector (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a single central first nozzle valve (7). 複数の第２のノズル弁（９）を備えることを特徴とする、請求項１または２に記載の二元燃料噴射装置（６）。   The dual fuel injector (6) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of second nozzle valves (9). 前記第２のノズル弁（９）は、前記第１のノズル弁（７）の周囲に配置されることを特徴とする、請求項３に記載の二元燃料噴射装置（６）。   The dual fuel injector (6) according to claim 3, characterized in that the second nozzle valve (9) is arranged around the first nozzle valve (7). 前記第２のノズル弁（９）には、共通切換弁（１８）が割り当てられていることを特徴とする、請求項３または４に記載の二元燃料噴射装置（６）。   A dual fuel injector (6) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a common switching valve (18) is assigned to the second nozzle valve (9). 前記切換弁（１８）は、前記二元燃料噴射装置（６）の基体（２３）の外部に配置されることを特徴とする、請求項１から５のいずれか一項に記載の二元燃料噴射装置（６）。   The dual fuel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching valve (18) is arranged outside the base (23) of the dual fuel injector (6). Injector (6). 内燃機関の二元燃料システムであって、
前記内燃機関の各シリンダ（２）用の、請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載の二元燃料噴射装置（６）をそれぞれが有し、
第１の燃料供給システム（１１）であって、前記第１の燃料が前記第１の燃料供給システム（１１）を経由して前記各二元燃料噴射装置（６）に供給され得る、第１の燃料供給システム（１１）を有し、
第２の燃料供給システム（１４）であって、前記第２の燃料が前記第２の燃料供給システム（１４）を経由して前記各二元燃料噴射装置（６）に供給され得る、第２の燃料供給システム（１４）を有し、
シーリングおよび潤滑オイルシステム（１９）であって、前記各二元燃料噴射装置（６）が前記シーリングおよび潤滑オイルシステム（１９）を経由して前記シーリングおよび潤滑オイルの供給を受け得る、シーリングおよび潤滑オイルシステム（１９）を有する、内燃機関の二元燃料システム。 A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine,
A dual fuel injector (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, for each cylinder (2) of the internal combustion engine,
A first fuel supply system (11), wherein the first fuel may be supplied to the respective dual fuel injectors (6) via the first fuel supply system (11); Have a fuel supply system (11) of
A second fuel supply system (14), wherein the second fuel may be supplied to the respective dual fuel injectors (6) via the second fuel supply system (14); Have a fuel supply system (14) of
A sealing and lubricating oil system (19), wherein each said dual fuel injector (6) can receive said sealing and lubricating oil supply via said sealing and lubricating oil system (19) Dual fuel system of an internal combustion engine, having an oil system (19). 前記第２の燃料供給システム（１４）は、所定の燃料圧力を前記第２の燃料に与え、
前記シーリングおよび潤滑オイルシステム（１９）は、前記第２の燃料の前記燃料圧力よりも低い所定のオイル圧力を前記シーリングおよび潤滑オイルに与えることを特徴とする、請求項７に記載の二元燃料システム。 The second fuel supply system (14) applies a predetermined fuel pressure to the second fuel;
The dual fuel according to claim 7, characterized in that the sealing and lubricating oil system (19) provides the sealing and lubricating oil with a predetermined oil pressure lower than the fuel pressure of the second fuel. system. 少なくとも１つのシリンダ（２）を有し、
請求項７または８に記載の二元燃料システムを有する、内燃機関。 With at least one cylinder (2),
An internal combustion engine having a dual fuel system according to claim 7 or 8. 請求項９に記載の内燃機関を動作させるための方法であって、１つまたは各前記第２のノズル弁（９）は、前記各シリンダ（２）の噴射サイクルに応じて前記第２の燃料の供給を受ける、方法。   Method for operating an internal combustion engine according to claim 9, wherein one or each second nozzle valve (9) is adapted to the second fuel according to the injection cycle of each cylinder (2) How to receive the supply of
JP2018189962A 2017-10-09 2018-10-05 DUAL FUEL SYSTEM, INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE HAVING SAME, AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SAME - Patent application Active JP7463053B2 (en)

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