JP2019065473A - Segment ring assembly method and segment ring - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a segment ring at low cost by effectively utilizing a formwork even if the tunnel length is relatively short. SOLUTION: A segment ring 10 for constructing a tunnel is formed in a ring shape by combining two pieces each of a B1 type segment 11, a B2 type segment 12 and a K type segment 13 having different shapes. When assembling the segment ring 10, two pieces of B1 type segment 11 were manufactured in the first mold, B2 type segment 12 was manufactured in the second mold, and two pieces of K type segment 13 were manufactured in the third mold. The K-shaped segment 13 was fitted and combined from the tunnel axial direction in the gap between the joint surface 18a forming the inclined surface of the B1 type segment 11 and the joint surface 19a forming the inclined surface of the B2 type segment 12. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a segment ring assembly method and segment ring for constructing, for example, a shield tunnel built in the ground.

  In general, the segment ring forming the shield tunnel is usually assembled of a plurality of segments divided into a few pieces and a few dozen pieces. In the shield tunnel, a plurality of segments of one ring are assembled in a substantially annular shape along the excavated cross section of the tunnel and installed as a lining body. For example, as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the segment ring 1 described in Patent Document 1 is incorporated with a plurality of standard A-shaped segments 2 having a substantially rectangular shape and finally near the top end. A K type segment 3 and B1 type segments 4 and B2 type segments 5 which are incorporated on both sides of the K type segment 3 and in which the K type segment 3 is fitted in the gap are provided.

  Usually, when constructing a shield tunnel, each segment constituting the annular segment ring has a difference in diameter, shape, etc. of the segment ring depending on the construction site. Each segment is different in arc length (referred to as arc length) in the curved circumferential direction and in the axial length of the tunnel. Moreover, the thickness of each segment differs depending on the condition of the ground and the size of the earth pressure. Since each segment cast in the formwork has different vertical and horizontal shapes, thickness and the like at each construction site, the formwork in which each segment is cast also has a disposable style in which it is manufactured and discarded at each construction site.

  Moreover, regardless of the tunnel length, the segment rings as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) have tunnel lengths of plural types of molds individually manufactured for each segment regardless of differences in segment shape. The segment of minutes was being set respectively. For example, in a long tunnel exceeding 500 m, even if segments of the same shape are individually mass-produced in individual formwork, segment rings are constructed efficiently. There are three types of segments: RC segments (reinforcing steel segments), synthetic segments, and steel segments. In particular, the formwork of RC segments is very expensive. Also, one mold is said to have a durability that can withstand, for example, the manufacture of 400 to 500 rings.

JP, 2011-183654, A

However, when the formwork of each segment of the segment ring is manufactured for each tunnel construction as described above, if the tunnel length is short, the formwork is damaged less and can be used even after the tunnel is completed. Even in these cases, since the formwork can not but be diverted to other tunnel segments, it has to be discarded, and it is expensive as well as wasting resources. Moreover, since the formwork must be manufactured by the number of segments forming one segment ring, this point is also expensive.
In particular, RC segment formwork is very expensive, and one formwork is said to be able to withstand the manufacture of 400 to 500 ring segments, but the tunnel extension length is less than this and the segment to be cast with formwork There is a drawback that the cost is higher if the number is smaller.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an assembly method and a segment of a segment ring which can construct a segment ring inexpensively by effectively using a mold even if the tunnel length is relatively short. Intended to provide a ring.

That is, the method of assembling a segment ring according to the present invention comprises the steps of: manufacturing a plurality of first segments in a first mold, and manufacturing a plurality of second segments in a second mold; And forming a ring by combining a plurality of first segments of different shapes and a plurality of second segments.
According to the present invention, since it is possible to reduce the types of molds to be manufactured and the types of segments to be assembled in the excavated cross section of the tunnel, it is possible to reduce the cost of manufacturing the molds and the disposal cost after the tunnel is completed. Moreover, by combining at least the first segment and the second segment respectively manufactured in plurality, a segment ring of the required diameter can be constructed, and the plurality of segment rings can be extended in the tunnel axial direction to construct a shield tunnel. Since the segment ring 10 can be constructed even if the type of formwork is reduced by increasing the number of production of the same segment, the manufacturing cost of the tunnel becomes low.

A segment ring according to the present invention includes a first segment and a second segment having different shapes, and is formed in a ring shape by combining a plurality of each of the first segment and the second segment. I assume.
Since the first segment and the second segment cast in individual molds are combined into a ring shape to form a segment ring of the tunnel, the number of types of segments is small and the manufacturing cost of the tunnel is low. Become. Also, the number of forms used is small and the number of forms discarded after tunnel manufacture is small.

Preferably, one of the first segment and the second segment is a K-type segment.
For example, even in the case of a small diameter segment ring, a plurality of K-shaped segments can be manufactured and combined with other segments to construct a ring.

Also, a K-type segment may be sandwiched as a third segment between the first segment and the second segment, and a plurality of third segments may also be provided.
By providing a plurality of combinations in which a K-shaped segment is fitted between the first segment and the second segment to construct a segment ring, it is possible to construct segment rings and tunnels with fewer types of segments.

In addition, a third segment may be interposed between the first segment and the second segment, and a plurality of third segments may be provided.
Even when the tunnel is enlarged, a large segment ring can be constructed by manufacturing and assembling a plurality of first segment, second segment and third segment respectively.

  According to the segment ring assembling method of the present invention, it is possible to construct a tunnel segment ring by assembling a plurality of first segments and second segments respectively manufactured by the first form and the second form. Even if the tunnel length is short, each segment can be efficiently manufactured with the first form and the second form, which is low in cost, and cost can be reduced because a small number of forms can be efficiently consumed. .

  According to the segment ring according to the present invention, it is possible to construct a tunnel segment ring by assembling a plurality of first segments and a plurality of second segments, so that the number of types of segments can be reduced and the tunnel length is short. It is efficient and low cost because a plurality of segments can be manufactured with a few types of formwork.

FIG. 2 is a development of a segmenting ring according to a first embodiment of the invention; It is a perspective view of a B1 type segment. It is sectional drawing which shows the formwork of the segment shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a development of a segmenting ring according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a development of a segment ring according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a segment ring according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The conventional segment ring is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is an expanded view.

Hereinafter, a segment ring and a segment assembling method according to each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a development view showing a segment ring 10 according to a first embodiment.
The segment ring 10 according to the present embodiment is constructed by combining two pieces of a B1 type segment 11, a B2 type segment 12, and a K type segment 13, respectively. Two pieces of each of the B1 type segment 11, the B2 type segment 12, and the K type segment 13 are disposed in opposite directions. Each segment is, for example, an RC concrete segment incorporating a reinforcing bar, but may be a composite segment or a steel segment. Each segment is formed into a substantially square plate shape, for example, a substantially trapezoidal plate shape and curved in an arc shape.
The two-piece K-shaped segment 13 is substantially wedge-shaped, one of which is inserted between the previously assembled B1 segment 11 and B2 segment 12 from the tunnel axial direction (or may be radial) It is supposed to be fitted last.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the B1 type segment 11. The B1 type segment 11 is formed such that the pair of main girder surfaces 17 and the joint surface 18 face each other on the side surface in the thickness direction between the outer peripheral surface 15 and the inner peripheral surface 16. The B1 type segment 11 has corner portions at which both ends of one joint surface 18 are at right angles. The other coupling surface 18 is formed as a non-parallel inclined surface with respect to one of the coupling surfaces 18, which is indicated by reference numeral 18a. The B2 type segment 12 also has a similar shape, and has one joint surface 19 whose both ends are perpendicular and the other joint surface 19a which is a non-parallel inclined surface.

  The K-type segment 13 fitted between the joint surfaces 18a and 19a of the B1 type segment 11 and B2 type segment 12 is a substantially wedge-shaped inclined surface in which the opposing joint surfaces 20a and 20b are inclined in opposite directions. It is formed. In the present embodiment, the inclination angles of the joint surfaces 20a and 20b on both sides of the K-type segment 13 are formed at different angles corresponding to the inclination angles of the joint surfaces 18a and 19a, respectively. May be

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the mold 22 of the B1 type segment 11 described above.
The mold 22 has a bottom plate 23 for closing the inner peripheral surface 16 of the B1 type segment 11 in an arc shape, and a side plate 24 for closing the main girder surfaces 17 and 17 and the joint surfaces 18 and 18a. The opening 25 a (not shown) is formed in the lid 25 of the outer peripheral surface 15 on which the skin plate is disposed. Although the opening 25 a is a concrete filling port, the opening 25 a may be formed at the central top of the outer peripheral surface 15. Instead of the lid 25, a skin plate may be installed.
The form 26 of the B2 type segment 12 and the form 27 of the K type segment 13 are manufactured in the same manner.

  As a method of manufacturing the B1 type segment 11, first, a reinforcing bar is disposed at a predetermined position in the mold 22, and joints such as male joints and female joints are respectively provided on the main girder surfaces 17 and 17 and the joint surfaces 18 and 18a. It attaches to the predetermined part of the side plate part 24 so that it may arrange | position. Then, the unhardened concrete is poured and filled from the opening 25 a of the form 22. The top surface of the filled concrete is formed by the lid 25 along the curved surface of the outer peripheral surface 15. Here, in the casting method according to the first embodiment, the air bubbles contained in the concrete escape from the opening 25a above the mold so as to be filled from above the mold 22, and the mold is finished with a metal iron It does not remain in 22.

At a suitable time when the filled concrete solidifies, it is demolded, and a product having a concrete forming surface based on the shape of the mold 22 is obtained. Then, by bonding the skin plate to the outer peripheral surface 15 by the fixing means, the B1 type segment 11 is manufactured. The B2 type segment 12 and the K type segment 13 are also manufactured by the same molds 26 and 27.
In addition, the number of times of casting of each segment manufactured by the molds 22, 26, 27 is doubled. That is, in order to construct the segment ring 10, two pieces of B1 type segment 11 are manufactured by the mold 22, and two pieces of B2 type segment 12 and K type segment 13 are manufactured by the other mold parts 26 and 27, respectively. In particular, when the tunnel length is relatively short, for example, within 200 m to 300 m, B1 type segment 11, B2 type segment 12, K type segment 13 efficiently without waste before each formwork 22, 26, 27 is damaged. Can be manufactured to construct the segment ring 10 and the tunnel.

  According to the method of manufacturing the segment ring 10 shown in FIG. 1, for example, the joint surface 18a of the B1 segment 11 and the B2 segment on both joint surfaces 20a and 20b of the K-type segment 13 installed at the lowermost end of the shield drilling machine The twelve joint surfaces 19a are connected to one another. Next, the perpendicular joint surfaces 18 and 19 of the other B1 segments 11 and B2 segments 12 are connected to the perpendicular joint surfaces 18 and 19 of the B1 segments 11 and B2 segments 12 respectively. Therefore, two pieces of B1 type segments B1 are arranged in reverse on the side of one joint surface 20a of the K-type segment 13, and two pieces of B2 segments B2 are arranged in opposite direction on the other joint surface 20b.

Finally, the remaining K-type segment 13 is reversely fitted and connected to the gap between the inclined joint surfaces 18a and 19a of the B1 type segment 11 and B2 type segment 12, respectively, to construct the segment ring 10. Moreover, the K-type segment 13 abuts on the joint surfaces 20 a and 20 b without rubbing the joint surfaces 18 a and 19 a of the B1 type segment 11 and the B2 type segment 12. Therefore, the seal material is not damaged since the seal material applied between the joint surfaces is not rubbed.
Then, a tunnel can be constructed by sequentially connecting the next segment ring 10 in the tunnel axis direction in the same manner.

As described above, according to the segment ring 10 according to the present embodiment and the method of manufacturing the same, when the shield tunnel has a relatively short length of, for example, 200 m to 300 m, the B1 type segment 11 and the B2 type segment 12 of small types By assembling the K-shaped segments 13 into two pieces, the segment ring 10 can be efficiently manufactured and a tunnel can be constructed.
Furthermore, even if each formwork 22, 26, 27 is disposable for each tunnel construction, the types of expensive formwork 22, 26, 27 are reduced compared to the prior art, and the formwork life of the formwork is exhausted. Each segment can be manufactured repeatedly several times, and the segment ring 10 and the tunnel can be constructed. Therefore, the required number of segments can be manufactured with a small number of types of formwork 22, 26, 27, and the number of formwork 22, 26, 27 discarded after completion of the tunnel can be reduced, so that the tunnel manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  As mentioned above, although the segment ring 10 by embodiment of this invention and its manufacturing method were demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, In the range which does not change the summary of this invention, Substitutions and the like are possible, all of which are included in the present invention. Hereinafter, other embodiments, modified examples, and the like of the present invention will be described, but the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar parts and members as the above-described embodiment, and the description will be omitted.

FIG. 4 is a development view showing a segment ring 10A according to a second embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the arrangement of the segment ring 10 according to the first embodiment is different from the arrangement of each segment. In the present embodiment, the directions of the tunnel axis direction of the two pieces of the B1 type segment 11, the B2 type segment 12, and the K type segment 13 are the same. Moreover, the B1 type segment 11 and the B2 type segment 12 are connected by bringing the joint surfaces 18 and 19 at right angles into contact with each other. The K-type segment 13 is fitted and connected to the gap between the joint surface 18a of the B1 segment 11 and the joint surface 19a of the B2 segment 12, respectively.
In other words, it can be said that the combined arrangement of the B2-type segment 12, the B1-type segment 11, and the K-type segment 13 is connected in two sets.

  Also in the segment ring 10A according to the second embodiment, two pieces of the B1 type segment 11, the B2 type segment 12, and the K type segment 13 are manufactured and constructed by each of the molds 22, 26, 27. Therefore, the number of types of expensive formwork 22, 26, 27 is reduced to double the number of times of placing of each segment, and the number of types of formwork 22, 26, 27 to be discarded is also small. You can build a tunnel at cost.

Next, FIG. 5 is a developed view showing a segment ring 10B according to a third embodiment.
In this embodiment, the segment ring 10B suitable for the case where the inner diameter of the tunnel is large and the method for manufacturing the same are presented.
In this embodiment, it can be said that the combination arrangement of the B2 type segment 12, the B1 type segment 11, and the K type segment 13 shown in the second embodiment has a configuration in which three sets are connected. Therefore, the segment ring 10B can be constructed by combining three pieces of the B2-type segment 12, the B1-type segment 11, and the K-type segment 13.

According to this embodiment, the B1 type segment 11, the B2 type segment 12, and the K type segment 13 can be manufactured three pieces by each of the molds 22, 26, 27 to construct a larger segment ring 10B. Therefore, although the segment ring 10B is large, the expensive molds 22, 26, 27 can be reduced to three types, and the segment ring 10B and the tunnel can be manufactured by combining three types of segments. Therefore, the tunnels can be manufactured at low cost with a small amount of molds 22, 26, 27 to be discarded.
When segment ring 10B is larger, B1 type segment 11, B2 type segment 12 and K type segment 13 are manufactured by 4 pieces or more in each formwork 22, 26 and 27, and a larger size segment is produced. Ring 10B and tunnel can be built.

Next, FIG. 6 is a developed view showing a segment ring 10C according to a fourth embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the tunnel is effective when constructing the segment ring 10C having a relatively small diameter. That is, in this embodiment, the two combined arrangements of the B1 type segment 11 and the K type segment 13 have a configuration in which two sets are connected in opposite directions.
In this case, a combination structure in which the joint surface 18a of the inclined surface of the B1 type segment 11 and the joint surface 20a of one inclined surface of the K type segment 13 are joined and the other joint surfaces 20b of the K type segment 13 are mutually joined. It was adopted. Therefore, even if the inclination angles of the joint surfaces 20a and 20b on both sides of the K-type segment 13 are different from each other, they can be joined and connected to the B1 type segment 11.

  In this embodiment, a segment ring 10C with a relatively small diameter can be constructed by manufacturing and combining two pieces of the B1 type segment 11 and the K type segment 13 with two molds 22 and 27, respectively. Also in this case, only two types of molds 22 and 27 are manufactured and discarded, and a tunnel can be constructed with the segment ring 10C at low cost.

As a modification, two pieces of the B2 segment 12 may be manufactured by the mold 26 instead of the B1 segment 11. Even in this case, by coupling one joint surface 20a of the K-type segment 13, the other joint surface 20b and the joint surface 19a of the B2 type segment 12 can be connected to construct the segment ring 10C.
Also, B1 segment 11 or B2 segment 12 and K segment 13 are manufactured and combined with three or more pieces by at least two molds 22 or 26 and a mold 27. The segment ring 10 of not only a small diameter but an appropriate diameter can be constructed.

  In addition, although the A-type segment was not used in each embodiment mentioned above, you may manufacture an A-type segment with the formwork for an A-type segment. In this case, since the A-type segments are arc-shaped and substantially rectangular plate-like, between the B1 type segments 11 in the first embodiment and the B2 type segments 12 at right angle joint surfaces 18 and 19 in the first embodiment and the fourth embodiment, By combining the joint surfaces 18 and 19 of the B1 type segment 11 and the B2 type segment 12 at right angles in the second embodiment and the third embodiment, a larger segment ring can be constructed. Even in this case, it is preferable to reduce costs by reducing the number of pieces of the A-type segment in its mold.

  In each embodiment and modification which were mentioned above, although all segments which construct segment ring 10-10C were manufactured and combined two pieces or more, the present invention is not limited to such composition. For example, one or more types of segments may be combined in the segment rings 10 to 10C with other types of segments which are manufactured in one piece from their molds and manufactured in multiple pieces.

In the present invention, one type of segment in the B1 type segment 11, the B2 type segment 12, the K type segment 13, and the A type segment may be used as the first segment, and the form may be used as the first form. Similarly, one other type of segment may be a second segment, and the form may be a second form. Furthermore, it is also possible to include other types of segments in the third segment, the formwork thereof in the third formwork, and the like.
Further, the segment rings 10 to 10C shown in the respective embodiments and the modifications are not limited to annular rings, and needless to say may be rings of various shapes such as a substantially elliptical shape, a compound circle, and a rectangle.

10, 10A, 10B, 10C Segment ring 11 B1 type segment 12 B2 type segment 13 K type segment 18, 19, 18a, 19a, 20a, 20b Joint surface 22, 26, 27 Formwork

Claims (5)

Manufacturing a plurality of first segments in the first mold, and manufacturing a plurality of second segments in the second mold;
Forming at least a ring shape by combining a plurality of the first segments and the second segments of different shapes;
A method of assembling a segment ring, comprising:   A segment ring comprising a first segment and a second segment having different shapes, wherein the first segment and the second segment are combined to form a ring.   3. The segment ring of claim 2, wherein one of the first and second segments is a K-type segment.   The segment ring according to claim 2, wherein a K-type segment is sandwiched as a third segment between the first segment and the second segment, and a plurality of the third segments are also provided. The segment ring according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a third segment is sandwiched between the first segment and the second segment, and a plurality of the third segments are also manufactured.

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