JP2019048504A - Electric passenger vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drive unit including a wheel and a wheel motor for driving the wheel, and support the drive unit on the vehicle body side so as to be able to soften an impact transmitted from a road surface to the drive unit, and also support the support structure thereof. The challenge is to provide a simple electric passenger car. SOLUTION: A support mechanism for supporting a non-rotating portion 51 of a wheel motor 42 on the vehicle body side so as to be movable linearly in the vertical direction, and a drive unit 49 deformed when the drive unit 49 is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body 3. The drive unit 49 is provided with an elastic member 66 that exerts an elastic force. [Selection diagram] FIG. 5

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric passenger car.

  An electrically driven passenger car is known in the prior art, as shown in U.S. Pat.

  According to the electric passenger car of the above document, the wheel and the wheel motor are integrated, and power is directly transmitted from the wheel motor to the wheel, so the power of the engine is transferred to the wheel by a large transmission mechanism such as a transmission. There is less energy loss and lighter weight compared to transmission.

  On the other hand, since the impact from the road surface is directly transmitted to the wheel motor through the wheels in the electric passenger car of the above document, it is necessary to soften the impact.

  For this reason, a suspension ("the wheel suspension member 26" in the same document) having a plurality of support arms (in the same document "the upper arm 34" and "the lower arm 36") and buffer means (the same document "the shock absorber 38"); The non-rotating portion of the wheel motor is supported by a dedicated support frame ("sub-frame 14" in the same document) for supporting the suspension on the vehicle body side.

  According to this configuration, although it is possible to cushion the road surface by the suspension, the support structure of the drive unit becomes complicated, and it becomes difficult to reduce the manufacturing cost.

JP, 2010-269634, A

  The present invention comprises a drive unit including a wheel and a wheel motor for driving the wheel, supports the drive unit on the vehicle body side so that the shock transmitted from the road surface to the drive unit can be mitigated, and the support structure is also simple. The task is to provide a passenger car.

  In order to solve the above problems, an electric passenger car, comprising: a drive unit including a wheel and a wheel motor for driving the wheel; and a non-rotational portion of the wheel motor linearly movable in the vertical direction on the vehicle body side It is characterized by comprising a support mechanism to support and an elastic member which is deformed when the drive unit is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body to exert an elastic force on the drive unit.

  The supporting mechanism has a shaft portion formed in the vertical direction, and the supporting mechanism supports the non-rotating portion of the wheel motor on the vehicle body side so as to be displaceable in the axial direction of the shaft portion by the shaft portion. The elastic member may be disposed on the shaft side.

  The elastic member is a cylindrical elastic block that is encased in the shaft portion, and the elastic block is compressed and deformed when the drive unit is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body, and the elastic force is applied to the drive unit. It may be configured to cause

  The support mechanism may have a support member mounted on the vehicle body side, the drive unit may be supported by the support member so as to be linearly movable in the vertical direction, and the elastic member may be disposed on the support member side .

  The support member may be a support frame, and the elastic member may be accommodated in a frame of the support frame.

  An attachment mechanism for attaching the support member to the vehicle body side so as to be linearly movable in the vertical direction, and an elastic member which deforms when the support member is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body and exerts an elastic force on the support member May be further provided.

  At least the support member and the elastic member may be integrated to constitute a support unit, and one drive unit may be supported by a plurality of support units.

  A shock-absorbing material may be provided between the support member and the drive unit, or between the support member and the vehicle body side, for shock-absorbing each other.

  According to the above configuration, when the drive unit is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body by the impact from the road surface, the drive unit is displaced upward in a straight line, and the elastic member elastically absorbs the impact. Can be simplified to reduce the impact from the road surface.

It is a top view which shows the structure of the electric three-wheeled vehicle to which the electric vehicle of this invention is applied. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration of an electric three-wheeled vehicle to which the electric passenger car according to the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a configuration of an electric three-wheeled vehicle to which an electric passenger car according to the present invention is applied. It is a perspective view which shows the frame structure of this electric tricycle. It is a side view showing the support structure of a rear wheel. It is a rear view which shows the support structure of a rear wheel.

  1 to 3 are a plan view, a side view and a front view showing the configuration of an electric three-wheeled vehicle to which the electric passenger car according to the present invention is applied. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a frame structure of the electric three-wheeled vehicle. The illustrated electric three-wheeled vehicle includes a single front wheel 1, a pair of left and right rear wheels 2, 2, and a vehicle body 3 supported by the three wheels 1, 2, 2.

  The vehicle body 3 includes a chassis frame 4 supported by three wheels 1 and 2, a front frame 6 formed upward from a front end of the chassis frame 4 and formed in an inverted U shape in a front view, and the chassis A rear frame 7 formed upward from the rear end of the frame 4 and formed in an inverted U-shape in a front view, and bridged between the upper portion of the front frame 6 and the upper portion of the rear frame 7 and parallel in the left-right direction A plurality of (four in the illustrated example) roof frames 8 extending in the front-rear direction are provided.

  On the left and right sides of the rear portion of the chassis frame 4, notched arrangement spaces 9 are respectively formed. Rear wheels 2 and 2 are disposed in the left and right installation spaces 9 and 9, respectively. The left and right width of the front frame 6 and the left and right width of the front end portion of the chassis frame 4 are set to be the same or substantially the same. The left and right width of the rear frame 7 and the left and right width of the rear end portion of the chassis frame 4 are set to be the same or substantially the same. These frames 4, 6, 7, 8 constitute at least a part of the frame portion (body frame) 3a of the vehicle body 3. An in-vehicle space 11 is formed between the front frame 6 and the rear frame 7.

  The interior space 11 has a floor surface 12 formed by a plate-like member laid on a chassis frame 4 and is covered by a front panel 13 attached to the front frame 6 at the front and a rear panel attached to the rear frame 7 at the rear Covered by a roof panel 14 (not shown), the upper part being supported by a roof frame 8.

  A transparent windshield 16 is installed at the center of the front panel 13 to secure a view from the inside space 11 forward. Further, below the front glass 16 in the front panel 13, front lights 17, 17 for illuminating the front are installed in a pair on the left and right. On the other hand, a viewing window is also provided on the rear panel, and rear lamps 18 are respectively installed at two locations on the left and right of the lower portion.

  Further, a driver's seat 19 and a rear seat 21 disposed behind the driver's seat 19 are provided in the in-vehicle space 12.

  The driver's seat 19 has a front frame 22 projecting upward from the front end of the chassis frame 4 and a rear frame 23 projecting forward from the chassis frame 4 directly behind the front frame 22, a front frame 22, and a rear A front and rear frame 24 which is provided between the frame 23 and extends diagonally forward, a support cylinder 26 fixed in the front end of the front and rear frame 24 and formed in the vertical direction, and supported by the rear frame 23 and the front and rear frame 24 A saddle 27 (seat portion), a pivot shaft 28 inserted into the support cylinder 26, and a handle 29 fixedly attached to the upper end portion of the pivot shaft 28 and bifurcated from the upper end portion Have.

  The pivot shaft 28 constitutes a part of a front fork 31 extending obliquely downward and forward from the handle 29 side. The front fork 31 has a function of a suspension, and rotatably supports the front wheel 1 at its lower end. Further, a rotary disk 32 integrally rotating with the front wheel 1 is disposed at a position adjacent to the front wheel 1 on the left and right, and constitutes a part of a disk brake that applies a braking force to the front wheel 1.

  According to the driver's seat 19 of this configuration, the driver who sits on the saddle 27 and places his foot on the floor 12 grips the left and right sides of the steering wheel 28, and the steering wheel 28 rotates around the pivot shaft 28. A steering operation is performed to turn the front fork 31 and change the direction of the front wheel 1.

  In addition, an operation panel 33 is installed on the upper surface side of the middle part of the front and rear frames 24. The operation panel 33 enables various operations such as start and stop. Further, a speedometer is also provided on the operation panel 33, so that the traveling speed of the electric three-wheeled vehicle can be visually confirmed.

  The rear seat 21 is a bench seat on which a passenger such as a passenger who is not a plurality of drivers can sit. The rear seat 21 includes a seat frame 34 formed in a box shape at the rear on the chassis frame 4, a seat portion 36 laid on the upper surface of the seat frame 34, and a backrest 37 disposed behind the seat portion 36. And side frames 38 disposed on the left and right sides of the seat portion 36 and the backrest 37, respectively.

  The left and right side frames 38, 38 also function as a fence that prevents one or more passengers seated in the seat 36 from falling out of the vehicle from the side.

  The left and right side portions of the seat frame 34 are respectively formed in a notched shape in plan view so as to avoid the arrangement space 9. Further, a housing space 39 is formed inside the seat frame 34, and the four sides are covered by a plurality of cover bodies not shown, and the housing space 39 can be accessed by opening / closing or removing the cover body or the seat portion 36. It is.

  The housing space 39 includes a main battery (not shown) and an auxiliary battery 41, a supply circuit 43 for supplying power from the main battery and the auxiliary battery 41 to the wheel motors 42, 42, and a control unit 44 for performing various controls. A main switch 46 or the like for turning on and off the power is accommodated.

  The wheel motors 42, 42 are a type of electric motor provided for each of the left and right rear wheels 2, 2. The wheel motor 42 may adopt either a direct drive system in which power is directly transmitted to the rear wheel 2 or a gear reduction system in which power is transmitted to the rear wheel 2 via a reduction gear. At least a part of which is attached to and integrated with the hub. In other words, the rear wheel 2 and the wheel motor 42 are integrated.

  The supply circuit 43 includes a DC / DC converter in the illustrated example, and lowers or raises the voltage from the main battery or the auxiliary battery 41 to an appropriate voltage corresponding to the wheel motor 42 to supply power to the wheel motor 42. Supply. Incidentally, the supply circuit 43 may be configured by combining other semiconductor elements, an inverter or a converter.

  The control unit 44 controls the power supply to the wheel motors 42, 42 via the supply circuit 43 in accordance with the operation from the driver's seat 19 and the external environment.

  In this electric three-wheeled vehicle, the driver switches the main switch 46 to ON, sits on the driver's seat 19, places one or more passengers on the rear seat 21, performs steering operation with the steering wheel 29, and accelerates or brakes The vehicle body 3 is made to travel by performing acceleration and deceleration by operation.

  Next, the support structure of the rear wheel 2 will be described based on FIGS. 1, 4, 6 and 7.

  6 and 7 are a side view and a rear view showing the support structure of the rear wheel. In each of the left and right arrangement spaces 9, 9, mounting brackets 47 which are formed in a rectangular plate shape extending horizontally back and forth and which constitutes a part of the chassis frame 4 (vehicle body 3) are provided close to the left and right A drive unit 49 integrally formed with the wheel 2 and the wheel motor 42 is elastically supported on the bracket 47 via a plurality of (in the illustrated example, a pair of front and rear) support units 48 and 48 so as to move up and down.

  The wheel motor 42 has a non-rotating portion 51 attached to the vehicle body 3 side, and a rotating portion 52 disposed outside the non-rotating portion 51 and rotationally operating with respect to the vehicle body 3.

  The non-rotating portion 51 integrally integrates a mounting frame 53 extending in the front-rear direction, and a support 54 that protrudes downward from a front and rear middle portion (specifically, an intermediate portion) of the mounting frame 53 and is formed in a rectangular shape. In a T-shape in side view. The mounting frame 53 is a channel-like member having a U-shaped cross-sectional view of which the upper side is opened.

  Most of the rotating portion 52 is accommodated in the wheel 2 and rotatably supported by the support 53. The rotating portion 52 is integrated with the inside of the hub of the wheel 2 and rotates integrally with the wheel 2. The rotating portion is disposed between the rotor 56 and the support 54 and rotates integrally with the rotor 56. And an axis 57.

  The rotation axis X of the rotor 56 and the rotation shaft 57 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the full length direction of the vehicle body 3 and in a horizontal direction. The left and right wheel motors 42, 42 are connected and fixed to each other by a connecting frame 58 in which the supports 54, 54 are formed in the shape of a round pipe extending in the left and right direction. It is set to.

  Further, a rotary disk 59 which is integrally rotated with the rotary shaft 57 is mounted on the rotary shaft 57, and the rotary disk 59 constitutes a part of a disk brake 61 which is a kind of braking mechanism. The disc brake 61 is mounted on the mounted frame 53 and braked by a braking device 62 which constitutes a part of the disc brake, and applies a brake to the rear wheel 2.

  The support unit 49 integrally includes a support frame 63 formed in a square shape in a side view, and a pair of upper and lower elastic block bodies (elastic members) 64 and 66 disposed in the frame of the support frame 63. The wheel motors 42, 42 are provided in pairs.

  First, the mounting structure of the support unit 49 to the mounting bracket 47 will be described. The support frame 63 is mounted on the mounting bracket 47 by bolts 67 and nuts 68. The bolt 67 has a shaft portion 67 a which vertically penetrates the lower portion of the support frame 63 and the mounting bracket 47.

  The elastic block body 64 disposed on the lower side in the frame of the support frame 63 is formed in a tubular shape so as to be able to be wrapped around the shaft portion 67 a of the bolt 67. The elastic block 64 encased in the shaft portion 67 a in this manner is elastically held between the lower inner surface (bottom surface) of the support frame 63 and the head portion of the bolt 67 or the nut 68.

  According to this structure, the support frame 63 is attached to the mounting bracket 47 (on the side of the vehicle body 3) movably in the axial direction (linearly in the vertical direction) of the shaft portion 67a of the bolt 67. In other words, the bolt 67 and the nut 68 constitute an attachment mechanism for attaching the support frame 63 to the vehicle body 3 side so as to be movable in the axial direction of the shaft portion 67a.

  Then, when an impact force for displacing the support frame 63 acts, the elastic block body 64 is elastically deformed in the compression side to exert an elastic force in the lower side, which is the side that cancels out the impact force. Absorb

  In addition, an elastically deformable shock absorbing material 69 is interposed between the lower surface of the support frame 63 (lower end surface) and the mounting bracket 47. The cushioning material 69 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is encased in the above-described shaft portion 67a, and the outer periphery is formed in a truncated cone shape whose diameter gradually decreases downward. Then, when an impact force that displaces the support frame 63 downward acts, the shock absorbing material 69 elastically deforms between the support frame 63 and the mounting bracket 47 to soften the impact.

  Subsequently, the support structure of the wheel motor 42 to the pair of front and rear support units 49, 49 will be described. With the support 54 positioned between the support frames 63, 63 of the front and rear support units 49, 49, With the left and right side portions of the frame 53 mounted on and supported by the upper surfaces of the left and right support frames 63, 63, respectively, they are attached to the upper surfaces of the left and right support frames 63, 63 by bolts 71 and nuts 72. The bolt 71 has a shaft portion 71 a vertically penetrating the bottom portion of the supported frame 53 and the upper portion of the support frame 63.

  The elastic block body 66 disposed on the upper side in the frame of the support frame 63 is formed in a tubular shape so as to be able to be sheathed on the shaft portion 71 a of the bolt 71. Thus, the elastic block 66 encased in the shaft portion 71 a is elastically held between the upper inner surface (ceiling surface) of the support frame 63 and the head portion of the bolt 71 or the nut 72.

  According to this structure, the drive unit 49 (wheel motor 42) is in the axial direction (linearly in the vertical direction) of the shaft portion 71a of the bolt 71 by the support units 49 and 49 (a pair of front and rear in the illustrated example). It is movably attached to the support frame 63 (car body 3 side). In other words, a pair of front and rear support units 49, 49 constitute a support mechanism for supporting the drive unit 49 (wheel motor 42) in the axial direction of the front and rear shaft portions 71a parallel to each other on the vehicle body 3 side. ing.

  Then, when an impact force for displacing the drive unit 49 (wheel motor 42) acts, the elastic block 66 elastically deforms to the compression side to lower the elastic force to the side that cancels the impact force. Act to absorb this shock.

  Further, between the upper outer surface (upper end surface) of the support frame 63 and the lower surface of the mounting frame 53, an elastically deformable shock absorbing material 73 is interposed. The cushioning material 73 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is encased in the above-described shaft portion 71a, and the outer periphery is formed in a truncated cone shape whose diameter gradually decreases upward. Then, when an impact force for displacing the drive unit 49 (wheel motor 42) acts, the shock absorbing material 73 elastically deforms between the support frame 63 and the mounting frame 53 to soften the impact. .

  Incidentally, the upper and lower shaft portions 67a and 71a at least a part of which is located in the frame of each support frame 63 have the same axis Y. For this reason, the support frame 63 and the drive unit 49 move in a direction (specifically, a parallel direction) along the axis Y.

  According to the support structure as described above, since the impact from the road surface can be absorbed without providing a complicated mechanism such as a suspension, the configuration is simplified. In particular, when the drive unit 49 is displaced upward with respect to the support unit 49 due to an impact from the road surface while the vehicle body 3 is traveling on the uneven road surface, the support unit 49 is also attached accordingly Since the impact is absorbed stepwise by the upper and lower elastic block bodies 64 and 66 displaced upward with respect to the bracket 47, the effect is large.

  Further, since the elastic block members 64 and 66 are also simple in structure and inexpensive as compared with the compression spring and the like, it is possible to further reduce the cost.

  Furthermore, since the elastic block bodies 64 and 66 are accommodated in the frame of the support frame 63 and there is no need to prepare a separate space, the whole can be easily formed compact. In addition, the elastic block bodies 64 and 66 are compactly disposed on the shaft portions 67a and 71a, which also contributes to space saving.

  Moreover, the elastic block bodies 64 and 66 are formed in a cylindrical shape into which the shaft portions 67 a and 71 a are inserted, and serve as guides for guiding the axial movement of the shaft portions 67 a and 71 a of the drive unit 49 or the support frame 63. Also contribute to reducing the number of parts.

  On the other hand, when an impact occurs between the wheel motor 42 and the support frame 63 or between the support frame 63 and the mounting bracket 47 due to the drive unit 49 being displaced downward with respect to the support unit 49, This shock is mitigated by the upper and lower shock absorbers 69, 73.

  The electric passenger car according to the present invention is not limited to a three-wheeled vehicle, and may be applied to a four-wheeled vehicle having a pair of left and right front wheels 1 and a pair of left and right rear wheels 2 and 2. In this case, the wheel motor 42 and the plurality of support units 49 may be provided on the left and right front wheels 1 or on the left and right rear wheels 2, respectively.

  The invention may also be applied to passenger cars, such as large trucks with four or more wheels.

  Furthermore, the elastic members are not limited to the elastic block bodies 64 and 66 which are externally mounted to the shaft portions 67a and 71a, and shaft portions 67a such as coil springs, as long as they can absorb an impact from the road surface. The compression spring 71a may be a compression spring, a tension spring, a plate spring, or the like that can be mounted on the housing 71a.

2 Rear wheel (wheel)
3 body 42 wheel motor (electric motor)
49 drive unit 51 non-rotating portion 63 support frame (support member)
64 Elastic block body (elastic member)
66 Elastic block body (elastic member)
69 shock absorber 71 a shaft 73 shock absorber

Claims (8)

It is an electric passenger car,
A drive unit including a wheel and a wheel motor for driving the wheel;
A support mechanism for supporting the non-rotating portion of the wheel motor on the vehicle body side so as to be linearly movable in the vertical direction;
An electric passenger car comprising: an elastic member which is deformed when the drive unit is displaced upward with respect to a vehicle body to exert an elastic force on the drive unit. The support mechanism has a shaft portion formed in the vertical direction,
The support mechanism is configured to support the non-rotating portion of the wheel motor on the vehicle body side so as to be displaceable in the axial direction of the shaft portion by the shaft portion.
The electric passenger vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is disposed on the shaft portion side. The elastic member is a cylindrical elastic block body externally mounted on the shaft portion,
The electric passenger car according to claim 2, wherein the elastic block body is compressed and deformed when the drive unit is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body, to exert an elastic force on the drive unit. The support mechanism has a support member attached to the vehicle body side.
The drive unit is supported by a support member so as to be linearly movable in the vertical direction.
The electric passenger car according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the elastic member is disposed on the support member side. The support member is a support frame,
The electric passenger car according to claim 4, wherein the elastic member is accommodated in a frame of the support frame. An attachment mechanism for attaching the support member to the vehicle body side so as to be linearly movable in the vertical direction;
The electric passenger vehicle according to any one of claims 4 and 5, further comprising: an elastic member that deforms when the support member is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body and causes an elastic force to act on the support member. At least the support member and the elastic member are integrated to constitute a support unit,
The motorized passenger vehicle according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein one drive unit is supported by a plurality of support units. The motorized passenger vehicle according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein a shock absorbing material is provided between the support member and the drive unit, or between the support member and the vehicle body side, for shock absorbing each other.

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