JP2018206749A - Fuel cell vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A good exhaust gas is discharged even when a fuel cell vehicle is not running. A fuel cell vehicle 10 is disposed under a floor 18 between a fuel cell module 100 and a front wheel shaft 13 and a rear wheel shaft 14 of the fuel cell vehicle, and includes exhaust gas containing water generated by the fuel cell module. A discharge port 130 for discharging the exhaust gas, and a guide part 140 capable of guiding the exhaust gas to the rear of the rear wheel shaft. To guide backwards. [Selection] Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel cell vehicle.

  There is known a fuel cell vehicle in which a fuel cell stack is disposed in front of the vehicle, for example, in a front room, and an exhaust port for exhaust gas from the fuel cell stack (fuel cell module) is disposed in the rear of the vehicle (for example, Patent Document 1). ).

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-209043

  However, when the exhaust gas discharge port is disposed behind the rear wheel axle of the vehicle, there is a problem that the liquid water discharged together with the exhaust gas scatters behind the traveling vehicle and the subsequent vehicle is splashed with liquid water. On the other hand, if the discharge port is arranged between the front wheel axle and the rear wheel axle, it can be blocked by the undercover of the vehicle to suppress the scattering of liquid water to the rear of the vehicle. The exhaust gas tends to stay in the lower part of the under cover. In this case, water vapor in the exhaust gas may be applied to the rear wheel and the rear wheel may get wet. Therefore, there has been a demand for a configuration that discharges exhaust gas even when the vehicle is not running.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can be realized as the following forms.

(1) According to one aspect of the present invention, a fuel cell vehicle is provided. The fuel cell vehicle includes a fuel cell module, a discharge port that is disposed under a floor between a front wheel shaft and a rear wheel shaft of the fuel cell vehicle, and discharges exhaust gas containing water generated by the fuel cell module, A guiding portion capable of guiding the exhaust gas rearward from the rear wheel shaft. When the fuel cell vehicle is not running, the exhaust unit guides the exhaust gas to the rear of the rear wheel shaft.
According to this aspect, when the fuel cell vehicle is not running, the exhaust part including water (steam) can be guided rearward from the rear wheel shaft by the guide unit, so that the steam is applied to the rear wheel or the rear wheel. Can be prevented from getting wet. Further, white mist generated by condensation of water vapor from the side surface of the fuel cell vehicle does not spread. Therefore, good exhaust gas can be discharged even when the fuel cell vehicle is not running.

(2) In the above aspect, the apparatus further includes a speedometer and a control unit that controls the guide unit according to the speed of the fuel cell vehicle, and the control unit is in a non-running state of the fuel cell vehicle. You may make the opening area of the said guidance | induction part small compared with driving | running | working.
According to this aspect, the control unit reduces the opening area of the guiding unit when the fuel cell vehicle is not traveling, compared to when the fuel cell vehicle is traveling, so that the guiding unit can The exhaust gas can be guided rearward from the rear wheel shaft.

(3) In the above aspect, the guide portion includes a nozzle that is provided at the discharge port and that can control an opening area of the outlet, and the control portion has an opening area of the outlet when the fuel cell vehicle is not running. May be smaller than the opening area of the outlet during travel of the fuel cell vehicle.
According to this aspect, since the control unit makes the opening area of the outlet of the discharge port smaller than the opening area of the outlet during traveling when the fuel cell vehicle is not traveling, the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port is reduced. Can be fast. As a result, the fuel cell vehicle can move the exhaust gas to the rear of the fuel cell vehicle even when it is not running.

(4) In the above embodiment, the guide portion includes a silencer provided between the fuel cell module and the discharge port, and an opening for discharging the exhaust gas from the fuel cell vehicle without passing through the discharge port. And a lid that opens and closes the opening, and the opening area of the discharge port is an area where the exhaust gas can be discharged at a flow rate equal to or higher than a predetermined flow rate even when the fuel cell vehicle is not running. The control unit may control to close the lid when the fuel cell vehicle is not traveling, and to open the lid while the fuel cell vehicle is traveling.
According to this aspect, the control unit can close the lid while the fuel cell vehicle is not running, thereby increasing the flow rate of the exhaust gas from the discharge port to discharge the exhaust gas and move it to the rear of the fuel cell vehicle. it can.

(5) In the above aspect, the guide unit further includes a fan, and the control unit drives the fan to discharge the exhaust gas behind the fuel cell vehicle at least when the fuel cell vehicle is not running. You may be guided to.
According to this aspect, the control unit can drive the fan to increase the flow rate of the exhaust gas to discharge the exhaust gas and guide it to the rear of the fuel cell vehicle while the fuel cell vehicle is not running.

(6) In the above aspect, the apparatus further includes a speedometer and a control unit that controls the guide unit according to the speed of the fuel cell vehicle, the guide unit including a fan, and the control unit includes: At least when the fuel cell vehicle is not running, the fan may be driven to guide the exhaust gas to the rear of the fuel cell vehicle.
According to this aspect, the control unit can drive the fan to increase the flow rate of the exhaust gas to discharge the exhaust gas and guide it to the rear of the fuel cell vehicle while the fuel cell vehicle is not running.

(7) In the above embodiment, a radiator for cooling the fuel cell module;
A radiator fan that cools the radiator by air, and the radiator fan may be used as a fan of the guide section.
According to this aspect, since the radiator fan is used as the fan of the induction unit, the exhaust gas is discharged by increasing the flow rate of the exhaust gas while the fuel cell vehicle is not running without providing a new component. It can be guided backwards.

(8) In the above aspect, the fuel cell module is disposed obliquely such that the front side of the fuel cell module is higher than the rear side, and the radiator fan is disposed in front of the fuel cell module. You may arrange | position to the height which can send air below a module.
According to this aspect, the fuel cell module is disposed obliquely so that the front side is higher than the rear side, and the radiator fan can send air below the fuel cell module in front of the fuel cell module. Since it is arranged at a height, the wind generated by the radiator fan can be guided to the discharge port through the vertically lower part of the fuel cell module.

(9) In the above aspect, an under cover may be provided vertically below the radiator fan and the fuel cell module.
According to this aspect, since the under cover is provided vertically below the radiator fan and the fuel cell module, the wind generated by the radiator fan is guided between the fuel cell module and the under cover to the exhaust port. .

(10) In the above aspect, the guide portion includes a cylindrical member disposed rearward of the discharge port, and an inlet of the cylindrical member covers the discharge port from above vertically, and the cylindrical member The outlet may be provided behind the rear wheel shaft.
According to this aspect, when the fuel cell vehicle is not traveling, the exhaust gas is guided rearward from the rear wheel shaft through the cylindrical member. While the fuel cell vehicle is traveling, a part of the exhaust gas passing through the cylindrical member is moved rearward by the traveling wind without passing through the cylindrical member.

(11) In the above aspect, the area of the cross section of the cylindrical member may be larger than the opening area of the outlet of the discharge port.
According to this form, since the area of the cross section of the cylindrical member is larger than the opening area of the outlet of the discharge port, it is easy to capture exhaust gas.

(12) In the above-described embodiment, there is further provided an under cover that covers the under floor of the fuel cell vehicle behind the discharge port, and is a groove provided in the under cover, from the discharge port to the rear wheel shaft. May also have a groove leading to the rear.
According to this aspect, when the fuel cell vehicle is not traveling, the exhaust gas is guided rearward of the rear wheel shaft through the groove provided in the under cover. During traveling of the fuel cell vehicle, a part of the exhaust gas that passes through the grooves is moved rearward by the driving wind without passing through the grooves.

  The present invention can be realized in various forms. For example, the present invention can be realized in the form of a method for discharging exhaust gas in a fuel cell vehicle, in addition to a fuel cell vehicle.

It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the vehicle in 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the vehicle in 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the difference in the shape of the guidance | induction part during the driving | running | working of the vehicle non-traveling. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the structure which changes the shape of a guidance | induction part. It is a control flowchart in this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow of exhaust gas when the opening area of the exit of a guidance | induction part is narrow. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow of exhaust gas when the opening area of the exit of a guidance | induction part is not narrow. It is explanatory drawing which shows other embodiment which changes the opening area of the exit of a discharge port. It is explanatory drawing which shows other embodiment which changes the opening area of the exit of a discharge port. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the vehicle of 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the vehicle of 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the vehicle of 3rd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the vehicle of 3rd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow of the waste gas in the area | region X of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the vehicle of 4th Embodiment. It is an arrow view of the XVI-XVI cross section of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the vehicle of 5th Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the vehicle of 5th Embodiment. It is a control flowchart in a 5th embodiment.

  In this specification, the form for inventing is demonstrated based on the following four embodiment and other embodiment. In the first and second embodiments, the operating state of the induction unit that can guide exhaust gas to the rear of the rear wheel axle of the vehicle 10 while the fuel cell vehicle 10 (abbreviated as “vehicle 10”) is traveling and is not traveling. In this embodiment, the flow velocity of the exhaust gas with respect to the vehicle 10 is changed by changing. Here, the case where the vehicle 10 is not traveling includes not only the case where the speed of the vehicle 10 is 0 km / h but also a case where the speed is equal to or lower than a predetermined speed vth. The value of the speed vth is a predetermined value of, for example, 10 km / h or less, and is preferably a value of, for example, less than 7.2 km / h (2 m / s). 1st Embodiment is embodiment which raises the flow velocity of waste gas by narrowing the opening area of the exhaust port from which exhaust gas is discharged | emitted while the vehicle 10 is not driving | running | working. The second embodiment is an embodiment in which the flow rate of exhaust gas is increased by, for example, a fan while the vehicle 10 is not traveling. In the third and fourth embodiments, instead of changing the flow rate of the exhaust gas, an embodiment provided with a guide path (pipe or groove) for moving the exhaust gas to the rear of the vehicle 10 while the vehicle 10 is not traveling. It is. Hereinafter, each embodiment will be described in detail.

First embodiment:
1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams illustrating a schematic configuration of the vehicle 10 according to the first embodiment. The vehicle 10 includes a fuel cell module 100, an exhaust gas pipe 110, a silencer 120, a discharge port 130, an induction unit 140, an actuator 142, a drive motor 12, a front wheel shaft 13, a rear wheel shaft 14, a fuel A tank 15, a speedometer 16, undercovers 17 f and 17 r, an underfloor 18, and a control unit 20 are provided.

  The fuel cell module 100 is mounted in a front room 11 provided at the front portion of the vehicle 10. Here, “front” of the vehicle 10 is a traveling direction during normal traveling of the vehicle 10, and “rear” is a direction opposite to “front”. The “right” and “left” of the vehicle 10 are the right and left when facing the traveling direction during normal traveling of the vehicle 10, respectively. “Upper” and “lower” of the vehicle 10 are above and below the vertical direction of the vehicle 10, respectively. A drive motor 12 is connected to the output of the fuel cell module 100 via a DC-DC converter and an inverter (not shown). The drive motor 12 is connected to the front wheel shaft 13. In this example, the drive motor 12 is disposed below the fuel cell module 100, but may be configured to be disposed in the front room 11 behind the fuel cell module 100. A speedometer 16 is connected to the front wheel shaft 13. The drive motor 12 may be connected to the rear wheel shaft 14 or may be connected to both the front wheel shaft 13 and the rear wheel shaft 14. In these cases, the speedometer 16 may be connected to the rear wheel shaft 14. A fuel tank 15 for supplying fuel gas to the fuel cell module 100 is disposed substantially above the rear wheel shaft 14. The under covers 17f and 17r are members that cover the under floor 18 of the vehicle 10 and have a substantially flat plate shape. The under covers 17f and 17r have a function of preventing the entry of dust, dust, water, and the like while traveling and suppressing the resistance of air passing under the vehicle 10.

  On the rear side of the fuel cell module 100 of the vehicle 10, an exhaust gas pipe 110, a silencer 120, a discharge port 130, and a guide part 140 are connected in order from the fuel cell module 100 side. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the actuator 142 is illustrated as being provided between the discharge port 130 and the guide portion 140. However, if the actuator 142 is provided at a position where the guide portion 140 can be driven. good. The exhaust gas pipe 110 is a pipe for discharging the exhaust gas from the fuel cell module 100. The exhaust gas contains generated water generated by the reaction in the fuel cell module 100 in addition to air. The generated water is discharged as water vapor or in the form of liquid water in which a part of the water vapor is condensed. In addition, when water vapor | steam touches air | atmosphere and it is cooled, it will dew and it will become white fog. White fog is a very fine water droplet. The silencer 120 reduces exhaust gas exhaust noise. The discharge port 130 is disposed under the floor 18 of the vehicle 10 and discharges exhaust gas to the atmosphere. In the present embodiment, the exhaust gas is guided rearward from the rear wheel shaft 14 of the vehicle 10 by the guide portion 140. In the present embodiment, the guide unit 140 has a nozzle that can change the opening area of the outlet 141 by the actuator 142. The outlet 141 of the guide part 140 faces the rear of the vehicle 10. That is, the exhaust gas is discharged toward the rear of the vehicle 10. Here, “the outlet 141 of the guiding portion 140 faces backward” means a direction in which the outlet 141 can be visually recognized when the guiding portion 140 is viewed from the rear of the vehicle 10. The direction of the outlet 141 may be within the range of common knowledge of those skilled in the art, and may be slightly in the left-right and up-down directions, not directly behind. For example, what is necessary is just to be in the range of π steradians centered on the direction directly behind the vehicle 10. However, if the outlet 141 is directed downward rather than just behind, the possibility of condensation on the rear under cover 17r or the like can be avoided. The control unit 20 sends an instruction to the actuator 142 according to the speed of the vehicle 10 obtained from the speedometer 16, and changes the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guide unit 140. How to change the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guide part 140 will be described later.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a difference in the shape of the guide section 140 when the vehicle 10 is not traveling and when traveling. When the vehicle 10 is traveling, the guide portion 140 has a cylindrical shape with the exit 141 having the same width as the upstream side, and when not traveling, the opening area of the outlet 141 is narrower than the upstream side. It becomes a frustum shape. When the flow rate is constant, the continuous expression “A · V = constant” holds between the opening area A of the outlet 141 and the flow velocity V. Therefore, when the flow rate of the exhaust gas is constant, the flow rate of the exhaust gas increases when the shape of the guide portion 140 changes from a cylindrical shape to a substantially frustum shape and the opening area of the outlet 141 becomes narrow. If the flow rate of the exhaust gas is increased, the exhaust gas can be easily flowed to the rear of the vehicle 10. As a result of an experiment conducted by changing the flow rate of the exhaust gas, it was found that if the flow rate of the exhaust gas in the rearward direction of the vehicle 10 is 2 m / s or more with respect to the vehicle 10, the exhaust gas can flow to the rear of the vehicle 10.

For example, when the flow rate of exhaust gas during traveling is 60 L / s (60 × 10 ⁻³ m ³ / s) and the opening area A of the outlet 141 of the guiding portion 140 is 120 cm ² (12 × 10 ⁻³ m ² ), The flow rate V of the exhaust gas is 5 m / s. This value is larger than 2 m / s at which exhaust gas can flow behind the vehicle 10. Therefore, the exhaust gas easily flows to the rear of the vehicle 10 and hardly diffuses from the side of the vehicle 10. Actually, during traveling, traveling wind based on the vehicle speed (10 m / s at 36 km / h) is added to this flow velocity. When the vehicle 10 is traveling, the exhaust gas flows to the rear of the vehicle 10 by traveling wind rather than the flow rate of the exhaust gas. Note that “exhaust gas flows behind the vehicle 10” is an expression when viewed from the vehicle 10. That is, since the vehicle 10 actually moves forward, it can be said that the exhaust gas relatively flows to the rear of the vehicle 10 when viewed from the vehicle 10.

While the vehicle 10 is not traveling, the amount of power generation is small because less power is required. Assume that the flow rate of the exhaust gas at this time is, for example, 1 L / s (1 × 10 ⁻³ m ³ / s). The flow rate V of the exhaust gas is about 0.083 m / s. This value is smaller than 2 m / s at which exhaust gas can flow behind the vehicle 10. Therefore, the exhaust gas hardly flows to the rear of the vehicle 10. In such a case, the exhaust gas may stay in the lower portion of the rear under cover 17r, and water vapor in the exhaust gas may condense and wet the tire. In addition, a part of the water vapor in the exhaust gas diffuses upward from the side surface of the vehicle 10 and is condensed to form white fog. That is, white mist appears to diffuse from the side surface of the vehicle 10. The water vapor diffuses upward because the molecular weight (18) of the water vapor is smaller than the average molecular weight (28.8) of air. As described above, when white mist is generated from the side surface of the vehicle 10, the driver or the like may feel uncomfortable although no failure or malfunction has occurred in the vehicle 10 itself. Therefore, it is desired that exhaust gas be discharged well both when the vehicle 10 is traveling and when it is not traveling.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 20 changes the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guide unit 140 from 120 cm ² (12 × 10 ⁻³ m ² ) to 5 cm ² (0.5 × 10 ⁻³ ) while the vehicle 10 is not traveling. narrow to m ² ). If it carries out like this, the control part 20 can raise the flow velocity V of waste gas to about 2 m / s. As a result, it is possible to satisfy a condition (flow velocity of 2 m / s or more) that allows white mist generated by water vapor in the exhaust gas to flow behind the vehicle 10.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for changing the shape of the guide unit 140. The guide unit 140 has a nozzle including an inner blade 143 and an outer blade 144. Each of the inner blade 143 and the outer blade 144 has a substantially trapezoidal shape on the outlet 141 side, and the inner blade 143 and the outer blade 144 are alternately overlapped and arranged along the cylindrical surface. In FIG. 4, for convenience, the inner blade 143 is hatched and the outer blade 144 is not hatched.

  While the vehicle 10 is traveling, the inner blade 143 and the outer blade 144 form a substantially cylindrical nozzle, as will be described below. The inner blades 143 are arranged along the cylindrical surface. Since the inner blade 143 has a substantially trapezoidal shape on the outlet 141 side, the gap between the trapezoidal legs of the two adjacent inner blades 143 is opened to form a gap Sp. However, the outer blade 144 also has a substantially trapezoidal shape on the outlet 141 side, and is arranged along the cylindrical surface so as to fill the gap Sp between the trapezoidal legs of the two inner blades 143. As a result, the inner blade 143 and the outer blade 144 form a substantially cylindrical nozzle.

  While the vehicle 10 is not traveling, the inner blade 143 and the outer blade 144 form a substantially frustum shape with a narrow outlet 141 side of the guide portion 140 as described below. The actuator 142 tilts the outlet side of the inner blade 143 inward so that the trapezoidal legs of the two adjacent inner blades 143 come into contact with each other. As a result, the inner blade 143 forms a substantially frustum shape with a narrow outlet 141 side. The actuator 142 may be similarly inclined with respect to the outer blade 144.

  In the present embodiment, as the configuration of the guide unit 140, an inner blade 143 and an outer blade 144 are provided, and the inner blade 143 is inclined. However, instead of including the inner blade 143 and the outer blade 144, the diaphragm of the camera is used. You may employ | adopt the structure which slides such a blade | wing.

  FIG. 5 is a control flowchart in the present embodiment. The process shown in FIG. 5 is repeatedly executed at regular intervals when the fuel cell module 100 is generating power. In step S <b> 100, the control unit 20 of the vehicle 10 acquires the speed v of the vehicle 10 from the speedometer 16.

  In step S110, the control unit 20 determines whether or not the speed v is equal to or lower than a predetermined speed vth. As described above, the speed vth is a predetermined value of, for example, 10 km / h or less, and is preferably a value of, for example, less than 7.2 km / h (2 m / s). When the speed v ≦ vth, the control unit 20 proceeds to step S120, and when the speed v> vth, the control unit 20 proceeds to step S130.

  In step S120, the control unit 20 instructs the actuator 142 to narrow the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guiding unit 140, and the actuator 142 narrows the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guiding unit 140. On the other hand, in step S130, the control unit 20 instructs the actuator 142 to increase the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guiding unit 140, and the actuator 142 increases the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guiding unit 140. . The control unit 20 proceeds to step S100 of the next cycle after a certain time has elapsed.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of exhaust gas when the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guiding section 140 is narrow. While the vehicle 10 is not traveling below the predetermined speed vth, the control unit 20 instructs the actuator 142 to narrow the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guide unit 140. As a result, the flow velocity V of the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet 141 of the guide unit 140 toward the rear of the vehicle 10 increases, and the exhaust gas flows to the rear of the vehicle 10. Accordingly, white mist generated by condensation of water vapor in the exhaust gas also flows behind the vehicle 10. That is, the control unit 20 causes the actuator 142 to narrow the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guide unit 140, thereby increasing the flow velocity V of the exhaust gas discharged toward the rear of the vehicle 10, and white mist generated by condensation of water vapor. Can flow behind the vehicle 10. As described above, when the speed v of the vehicle 10 is not traveling below the predetermined speed vth, the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guide section 140 is switched to a small area by the actuator 142, and therefore the exhaust gas flow velocity V The exhaust gas is flowed backward. Even if water vapor in the exhaust gas is condensed to form white mist, it is discharged rearward, so that it diffuses between the guiding portion 140 and the rear end of the vehicle 10 and is rarely seen together. Further, even if white mist is discharged and diffused from the rear end of the vehicle 10, there is no appearance of discomfort. Therefore, it is difficult for the driver or the like to feel uncomfortable or to suspect that some trouble has occurred.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of exhaust gas when the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guiding portion 140 is not narrow. When the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guiding portion 140 is not narrow, the exhaust gas flow velocity V is slow. However, when the vehicle 10 is traveling, exhaust gas is caused to flow behind the vehicle 10 due to traveling wind. In this case, even if water vapor in the exhaust gas is condensed to form white mist, it is discharged rearward, so that it diffuses from the guiding portion 140 to the rear end of the vehicle 10 and is rarely seen together. Further, even if white mist is discharged and diffused from the rear end of the vehicle 10, there is no appearance of discomfort. Therefore, it is difficult for the driver or the like to feel uncomfortable or to suspect that some trouble has occurred. In FIG. 7, the flow of exhaust gas when the vehicle 10 is not traveling and the opening area of the outlet 141 is not narrow is shown for reference. In this case, since the flow velocity V of the exhaust gas is slow and there is no traveling wind, the exhaust gas does not flow to the rear of the vehicle 10, and the exhaust gas diffuses from the floor 18 and the side surface of the vehicle 10.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the control unit 20 uses the actuator 142 to make the opening area of the outlet 141 of the guide unit 140 when the vehicle 10 is not traveling narrower than the opening area of the outlet 141 during traveling. The exhaust gas flow rate V can be increased and the exhaust gas can be caused to flow behind the vehicle 10. During traveling, the exhaust gas can be flowed behind the vehicle 10 when viewed from the vehicle 10 by the traveling wind. Therefore, good exhaust gas can be discharged both when the vehicle 10 is traveling and when the vehicle 10 is not traveling.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment for changing the opening area of the outlet of the discharge port. In this embodiment, an exhaust port 130 and a valve 145 are provided as an exhaust gas guiding unit. The valve body 135 is provided inside the discharge port 130. The valve 145 is rotatably fixed on the silencer 120 side, and is rotated by the actuator 142 to change the opening area at the outlet 131 of the outlet 130. That is, when the vehicle 10 is not traveling, the control unit 20 uses the actuator 142 to rotate the valve element 135 so that the opening area A1 of the outlet 131 is lower than the opening area A2 when the vehicle 10 is traveling. Let The opening area A1 of the outlet 131 is such that the flow velocity V of the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port 134 is about 2 m / s or more while the vehicle 10 is not traveling. Thereby, similarly to 1st Embodiment, the control part 20 can make the opening area A1 of the exit 131 of the discharge port 130 when the vehicle 10 is not driving | running smaller than the opening area A2 of the exit 131 during driving | running | working. As a result, the exhaust gas flow velocity V can be increased, and the exhaust gas can flow to the rear of the vehicle 10. During traveling, the vehicle can flow behind the vehicle 10 when viewed from the vehicle 10 by the traveling wind. Therefore, good exhaust gas can be discharged both when the vehicle 10 is traveling and when it is not traveling.

  In this embodiment, the discharge port 130 may be substantially cylindrical, and the valve 145 may be disposed along the cylindrical surface inside the discharge port 130. In this case, when the vehicle 10 is not running, the valve 131 is tilted inward to narrow the outlet 131. On the other hand, while the vehicle 10 is traveling, the outlet 131 can be widened by spreading along the cylindrical surface inside the discharge port 130.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment for changing the opening area of the outlet of the discharge port. In this embodiment, the vehicle 10 includes a silencer 121 and a discharge port 130. The silencer 121 includes an opening 122, a lid 123 that opens and closes the opening 122, and an actuator 142 that opens and closes the lid 123, and has a function as a guiding unit. The opening area of the discharge port 130 is an opening area where exhaust gas can be discharged from the discharge port 130 at a flow rate of about 2 m / s or more while the vehicle 10 is not traveling.

  The control unit 20 closes the lid 123 using the actuator 142 while the vehicle 10 is not traveling, and discharges exhaust gas having a flow velocity V of about 2 m / s or more from the discharge port 130. On the other hand, while the vehicle 10 is traveling, the control unit 20 opens the lid 123 using the actuator 142 and discharges exhaust gas from the discharge port 130 and the opening 122. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the exhaust gas can be discharged well both when the vehicle 10 is traveling and when it is not traveling. According to this embodiment, with a simple configuration in which the silencer 121 is provided with a lid 123, it is possible to switch the way of exhaust gas emission when the vehicle 10 is traveling and when it is not traveling, both of which discharge exhaust gas well. Can do. In the present embodiment, the lid 123 to which the actuator 142 is connected at the end is employed, but a butterfly valve may be used instead of the lid 123. If it is a butterfly valve, the opening part 122 can be opened and closed easily by rotating around the axis.

Second embodiment:
10 and 11 are explanatory diagrams illustrating a schematic configuration of the vehicle 10 according to the second embodiment. The vehicle 10 of the second embodiment includes a fan 150 under the floor 18. In the present embodiment, the fans 150 are provided on the left and right of the discharge port 130, and form a flow of air that flows from the front to the rear of the vehicle 10. Based on the speed v of the vehicle 10, the control unit 20 drives and rotates the fan 150 while the speed of the vehicle 10 is not traveling below vth, and stops driving the fan 150 while traveling above vth. While the vehicle 10 is not traveling, the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port 130 diffuses in the left-right direction of the vehicle 10. When the exhaust gas reaches the air flow by the fan 150, the flow rate of the exhaust gas to the rear of the vehicle 10 increases due to the air flow, and is moved to the rear of the vehicle 10. On the other hand, during traveling of the vehicle 10, even if the control unit 20 does not drive the fan 150, the exhaust gas is moved to the rear of the vehicle 10 by the traveling wind. Therefore, the control unit 20 drives and rotates the fan 150 when the vehicle 10 is not traveling, and does not drive the fan 150 while the vehicle 10 is traveling, so that the vehicle 10 is similar to the first embodiment. Good exhaust gas can be discharged both during traveling and during non-traveling. Note that the control unit 20 may drive the fan 150 so that the driving amount of the fan decreases as the speed of the vehicle 10 increases according to the speed of the vehicle 10 even while the vehicle 10 is traveling.

  In the present embodiment, the fan 150 is disposed on the left and right of the discharge port 130, but the fan 150 may be disposed in front of the discharge port 130 or may be disposed behind the discharge port 130. When the fan 150 is disposed in front of the discharge port 130, the fan 150 is not easily deteriorated because water vapor in the exhaust gas is not applied to the fan 150. When the fan 150 is arranged behind the discharge port 130, exhaust air is sucked by the fan 150, so that the fan 150 has a higher blowing efficiency than the fan 150 arranged and blown in front of the discharge port 130. When the fans 150 are arranged on the left and right sides of the discharge port 130 as in the present embodiment, the fans 150 are not easily deteriorated because water vapor in the exhaust gas is not applied to the fans 150. Even if the exhaust gas is about to diffuse to the left and right of the vehicle 10, the diffusion of the exhaust gas in the left-right direction is inhibited by the fan 150, so that it is possible to reliably suppress the exhaust gas from diffusing from the bottom floor 18 and the side surface of the vehicle 10.

  If white mist is generated during power generation of the fuel cell module and diffuses near the door or window, the white mist in the vehicle may enter through the door or window when the door or window is open. Therefore, when the door or window is open, the rotational speed of the fan 150 may be increased as compared with the case where the door or window is not open.

Third embodiment:
12 and 13 are explanatory views showing a schematic configuration of the vehicle 10 of the third embodiment. The vehicle 10 according to the third embodiment includes a cylindrical member 160 as a guide portion. The cross-sectional area of the cylindrical member 160 is larger than the opening area of the outlet of the discharge port 130. The inlet of the cylindrical member 160 covers the outlet of the discharge port 130 from vertically above and reaches the rear portion of the vehicle 10. The outlet of the cylindrical member 160 is provided at the rear of the rear wheel shaft 14 of the vehicle 10. In the present embodiment, the cylindrical member 160 is provided above the rear under cover 17r of the vehicle 10. If the cylindrical member 160 is on the rear under cover 17r, it is difficult for dust and dust to enter the cylindrical member 160, and the cylindrical member 160 is not easily clogged. In the present embodiment, the cylindrical member 160 has a straight shape behind the vehicle 10. However, it does not have to be a straight shape. Since both ends of the fuel tank 15 have a dome shape, the tubular member 160 may be bent so as to pass between the dome-shaped portion and the rear under cover 17r. In this way, the position of the fuel tank 15 can be lowered and the center of gravity of the vehicle 10 can be lowered.

  FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of exhaust gas during non-traveling and traveling in the region X of FIG. In FIG. 14, the illustration of the rear under cover 17r (FIGS. 12 and 13) is omitted. While the vehicle 10 is not traveling, the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port 130 is small. Moreover, water vapor contained in the exhaust gas is lighter than air. Furthermore, the cylindrical member 160 covers the outlet of the discharge port 130 from above. Therefore, the exhaust gas containing water vapor passes through the tubular member 160 and is guided to the rear portion of the vehicle 10. Note that water vapor in the exhaust gas may be condensed on the way through the cylindrical member 160. The cylindrical member 160 can be discharged as liquid water. In order to easily discharge the liquid water, the cylindrical member 160 may be inclined so that the outlet side (the rear side of the vehicle 10) is lowered, for example, not horizontally. Moreover, you may make it incline so that an exit side (back side of the vehicle 10) may become high. In this case, white mist is discharged from the rear of the vehicle 10, and liquid water is discharged from between the front wheel shaft 13 and the rear wheel shaft 14 of the vehicle 10.

  On the other hand, while the vehicle 10 is traveling, the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port 130 is large, and part of the exhaust gas passes through the tubular member 160 and is guided to the rear of the rear wheel axle 14 of the vehicle 10. Is moved backward by the traveling wind. According to this configuration, even if the control unit 20 does not perform control to change the flow velocity V of the exhaust gas, it is possible to discharge the exhaust gas well both when the vehicle 10 is traveling and when it is not traveling.

  In the present embodiment, the area of the cross section of the cylindrical member 160 is larger than the opening area of the outlet of the discharge port 130. In this way, it is possible to easily capture the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port 130. However, the area of the cross section of the cylindrical member 160 may not be larger than the opening area of the outlet of the discharge port 130. If the tubular member 160 covers the outlet of the discharge port 130 from above, the amount of exhaust gas that diffuses from the bottom 18 and side surfaces of the vehicle 10 by guiding the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port 130 to the cylindrical member 160. Can be reduced. A part of the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port 130 may be guided to the tubular member 160, and it is not necessary to guide 100%.

-Fourth embodiment:
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the vehicle 10 according to the fourth embodiment. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XVI-XVI in FIG. The vehicle 10 of the fourth embodiment includes a groove 172 that is recessed vertically upward in the rear under cover 17r as a guide portion. The groove 172 covers the outlet of the discharge port 130 from vertically above and reaches the rear of the rear wheel shaft 14 of the vehicle 10. The size of the groove 172 is larger than the size of the discharge port 130.

  While the vehicle 10 is not traveling, the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port 130 is small. Moreover, water vapor contained in the exhaust gas is lighter than air. Further, the groove 172 covers the outlet of the outlet 130 from above. Therefore, the exhaust gas containing water vapor is guided along the groove 172 to the rear portion of the vehicle 10.

  On the other hand, while the vehicle 10 is traveling, the amount of exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port 130 is large, and part of the exhaust gas is guided to the rear part of the vehicle 10 along the groove 172, but the rest is rearward by the traveling wind. Moved. According to this configuration, even if the control unit 20 does not perform control for changing the flow rate of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas can be discharged well both when the vehicle 10 is traveling and when it is not traveling. Note that since the lower portion of the groove 172 is open, the groove 172 is not clogged with dust or dust.

  As described above, according to each of the above embodiments, the water vapor discharged from the discharge port 130 is provided with a guide portion that can guide the water vapor backward from the rear wheel shaft 14, and when the vehicle 10 is not traveling, the water vapor is supplied to the rear wheel shaft by the guide portion. 14, when the vehicle 10 is traveling, at least a part of the water vapor discharged from the discharge port 130 by the traveling wind is caused to flow backward. Therefore, both when the vehicle 10 is traveling and when it is not traveling Good exhaust gas can be discharged.

-Fifth embodiment:
FIGS. 17 and 18 are explanatory diagrams illustrating a schematic configuration of the vehicle 10 according to the fifth embodiment. The vehicle 10 of the fifth embodiment includes a radiator 21 and a radiator fan 22 and is different from the vehicle 10 of the second embodiment in that the radiator fan 22 is used as a fan for inducing white fog. A radiator 21 and a radiator fan 22 are disposed in front of the fuel cell module 100. The radiator 21 cools the coolant that cools the fuel cell module 100. The radiator fan 22 cools the radiator 21 with air. The radiator 21 is disposed in front of the radiator fan 22 and at a height at which air can be sent below the fuel cell module. For example, the lowermost end of the radiator fan 22 is disposed at a position that is lower than the vehicle front side of the fuel cell module 100. The fuel cell module 100 is disposed obliquely so that the front side of the fuel cell module 100 is higher than the rear side of the vehicle.

  Since the radiator 21 is disposed in front of the radiator fan 22, traveling wind directly strikes the radiator 21 while the vehicle 10 is traveling. In general, when air is sucked from the radiator 21 toward the radiator fan 22, air can easily pass through the radiator 21 rather than blowing air from the radiator fan 22 to the radiator 21. Furthermore, since the radiator 21 does not exist behind the radiator fan 22, the wind generated by the radiator fan 22 is easily guided to the discharge port 131.

  FIG. 19 is a control flowchart in the fifth embodiment. The process shown in FIG. 19 is repeatedly executed at regular intervals during the power generation of the fuel cell module 100. In step S <b> 200, the control unit 20 sets the rotational speed N of the radiator fan 22. The control unit 20 sets the rotational speed N of the radiator fan 22 based on at least one of the power generation amount of the fuel cell module 100, the temperature of the coolant that cools the fuel cell module 100, and the outside air temperature.

  In step S <b> 210, the control unit 20 of the vehicle 10 acquires the speed v of the vehicle 10 from the speedometer 16. In step S220, the control unit 20 determines whether or not the speed v is equal to or lower than a predetermined speed vth. These processes are the same as the processes of steps S100 and S110 described in FIG. When the speed v ≦ vth, it is assumed that the vehicle 10 is substantially stopped, and the control unit 20 proceeds to step S230. When the speed v> vth, the control unit 20 assumes that the vehicle 10 is substantially traveling. The unit 20 moves the process to step S250.

  In step S230, the control unit 20 determines whether or not the rotation speed N is equal to or higher than the minimum rotation speed Nmin. The minimum number of rotations Nmin is the number of rotations of the radiator fan 22 that can guide the white fog backward even when the vehicle 10 is stopped (when the speed is zero). That is, if the radiator fan 22 is rotated at a rotational speed of Nmin or more, white fog can be guided to the rear of the vehicle 10 even when the vehicle 10 is stopped. If the rotational speed N is less than the minimum rotational speed Nmin, the process proceeds to step S240. If the rotational speed N is equal to or greater than the minimum rotational speed Nmin, the process proceeds to step S250.

  In step S240, the control unit 20 drives the radiator fan 22 by increasing the rotational speed of the radiator fan 22 to Nmin or more. As a result, the air sucked by the radiator fan 22 then flows backward between the fuel cell module 100 and the front under cover 17f. This air is discharged to the lower part of the vehicle 10 in front of the discharge port 131, and flows from the front to the rear in the lower part of the vehicle 10. Therefore, white fog can be guided to the rear of the vehicle 10 even when the vehicle 10 is stopped. The minimum rotation speed Nmin is a rotation speed that can realize, for example, a wind speed of 2 m / s or more in the lower part of the vehicle 10 when the vehicle 10 is stopped. The controller 20 may change the rotation speed Nmin depending on the amount of water vapor discharged from the fuel cell module 100. The control unit 20 can calculate the amount of water vapor discharged from the fuel cell module 100 from the power generation amount of the fuel cell module 100. Further, if the height from the ground of the vehicle 10 to the outlet 131 of the discharge port 130 and the vehicle width of the vehicle 10 are different, the minimum rotation speed Nmin may be a different value.

  In step S240, the control unit 20 drives the rotational speed of the radiator fan 22 at the rotational speed N. Since the rotational speed N is equal to or higher than the rotational speed at which the white mist can be guided to the rear of the vehicle 10 even when the vehicle 10 is stopped, the white mist can be guided to the rear of the vehicle 10. Thereafter, when a certain time has elapsed, the control unit 20 returns the process to step S200.

  In step S250, the control unit 20 drives the rotational speed of the radiator fan 22 at the rotational speed N. Thereafter, when a certain time has elapsed, the control unit 20 returns the process to step S200. When the speed of the vehicle 10 is higher than Vth, that is, during traveling, traveling wind is applied. This air flow functions similarly to the air flow by the fan 150 of the second embodiment. Therefore, the rotation speed of the radiator fan 22 may remain at the rotation speed N.

  As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, good exhaust gas can be discharged both when the vehicle 10 is traveling and when it is not traveling. In the fifth embodiment, since the flow of air by the radiator fan 22 is used, no new components are required as compared with the second embodiment.

  In the fifth embodiment, the front under cover 17f is provided vertically below the front room 11, but the front under cover 17f can be omitted. In this case, air flows vertically below the fuel cell module 100, that is, between the fuel cell module 100 and the ground. When the front under cover 17f is not provided, the rotational speed of the radiator fan 22 when the vehicle 10 is stopped may be increased as compared with the case where the front under cover 17f is provided.

  In the fifth embodiment, since the fuel cell module 100 is disposed obliquely so that the front side of the fuel cell module 100 is higher than the rear side, the fuel cell module 100 and the front under cover 17f or the ground It is possible to obtain a wind guide effect that facilitates the flow of air between them. If air flows below the fuel cell module 100, the fuel cell module 100 may not be disposed obliquely.

  If white mist is generated during power generation of the fuel cell module and diffuses near the door or window, the white mist in the vehicle may enter through the door or window when the door or window is open. Therefore, when the door or window is open, the rotational speed of the radiator fan 22 may be increased as compared with the case where the door or window is not open.

  In the fifth embodiment, a partition 24 substantially parallel to the front-rear direction of the vehicle 10 is provided on the motor room 11 side of the front undercover 17f, and air flows along the partition 24 so that the air flow is You may make it not spread right and left. The partition 24 may be omitted. Further, air from the radiator fan 22 may be guided using the inside of the tire house 25 instead of the partition 24.

  In the fifth embodiment, the radiator fan 22 is disposed behind the radiator 21. However, the radiator fan 22 may be disposed in front of the radiator 21. Regardless of the position of the radiator fan 22 in front of or behind the radiator 21, the radiator fan 22 can send wind to the rear of the vehicle 10, and the white mist is sent to the rear of the vehicle 10 using the wind. Can be guided.

  Although the radiator 21 and the radiator fan 22 are not described in the first to fourth embodiments, the radiator 21 and the radiator fan 22 are provided in order to cool the fuel cell module 100 in these embodiments as well. Also good.

  In each of the above embodiments, the under cover is divided into the front under cover 17f and the rear under cover 17r. However, the front under cover 17f and the rear under cover 17r are formed as an integral member, and the opening through which the discharge port 130 and the like are passed. The structure which provides may be sufficient.

  The configuration described in each of the above embodiments may be implemented alone, or a configuration combining a plurality of configurations described in each of the embodiments may be implemented. For example, the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the first embodiment and the third embodiment, the first embodiment and the fourth embodiment, the first embodiment and the fifth embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment. Embodiments, second embodiment and fourth embodiment, first embodiment, second embodiment and third embodiment, first embodiment, second embodiment and fourth embodiment can be combined. Moreover, it is also possible to combine the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment by disposing the cylindrical member 160 in at least a part of the groove 172. In addition, the said combination is illustrated and enumerated, and is not limited to these combinations.

  In the first embodiment, the flow rate of the exhaust gas is changed by changing the area of the outlet 141 of the guide unit 140, but the direction of the exhaust gas discharged from the guide unit 140 may be changed. For example, the outlet 141 of the guide section 140 may be directed right behind the vehicle 10 during non-traveling, and may be directed downward than during non-traveling.

  In addition, the numerical value of the flow velocity is an example. That is, the non-traveling flow velocity realized by the guiding unit 140 varies depending on the overall length, vehicle width, minimum ground clearance, and the like of the vehicle 10. A desirable value for the form of the vehicle 10 may be obtained by experiment, for example.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and can be realized with various configurations without departing from the spirit thereof. For example, the embodiments corresponding to the technical features in the respective embodiments described in the summary section of the invention, the technical features in the other embodiments are to solve part or all of the above-described problems, or In order to achieve part or all of the above-described effects, replacement or combination can be appropriately performed. Further, if the technical feature is not described as essential in the present specification, it can be deleted as appropriate.

10. Fuel cell vehicle (vehicle)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Front room 12 ... Drive motor 13 ... Front wheel shaft 14 ... Rear wheel shaft 15 ... Fuel tank 16 ... Speedometer 17f ... Under cover (front under cover)
17r ... under cover (rear under cover)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 ... Under floor 20 ... Control part 21 ... Radiator 22 ... Radiator fan 24 ... Partition 25 ... Tire house 100 ... Fuel cell module 110 ... Exhaust pipe 120 ... Silencer 121 ... Silencer 122 ... Opening part 123 ... Cover 130 ... Exhaust port 131 ... exit 134 ... discharge port 135 ... valve element 140 ... guide portion 141 ... exit 142 ... actuator 143 ... inner blade 144 ... outer blade 145 ... valve 150 ... fan 160 ... cylindrical member 172 ... groove

Claims (12)

A fuel cell vehicle,
A fuel cell module;
An exhaust port that is disposed under the floor between the front wheel shaft and the rear wheel shaft of the fuel cell vehicle and discharges exhaust gas containing water generated by the fuel cell module;
A guiding portion capable of guiding the exhaust gas rearward from the rear wheel shaft;
With
When the fuel cell vehicle is not running, the exhaust unit guides the exhaust gas to the rear of the rear wheel shaft;
Fuel cell vehicle. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising:
Speedometer,
A control unit for controlling the guide unit according to the speed of the fuel cell vehicle;
With
The control unit is a fuel cell vehicle in which the opening area of the guide unit is smaller when the fuel cell vehicle is not traveling than when the fuel cell vehicle is traveling. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 2,
The guide part is provided at the discharge port, and has a nozzle capable of controlling the opening area of the outlet,
The fuel cell vehicle, wherein the control unit makes an opening area of the outlet when the fuel cell vehicle is not traveling smaller than an opening area of the outlet when the fuel cell vehicle is traveling. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 2,
The guiding portion is
A silencer provided between the fuel cell module and the outlet;
An opening for discharging the exhaust gas from the fuel cell vehicle without passing through the discharge port;
A lid that opens and closes the opening;
The opening area of the exhaust port is an area where the exhaust gas can be discharged at a flow rate equal to or higher than a predetermined flow rate even when the fuel cell vehicle is not running.
The controller is
During non-running of the fuel cell vehicle, control to close the lid,
A fuel cell vehicle that controls to open the lid while the fuel cell vehicle is traveling. A fuel cell vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
The guide portion further includes a fan,
The control unit drives the fan to guide the exhaust gas to the rear of the fuel cell vehicle at least when the fuel cell vehicle is not running. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising:
Speedometer,
A control unit for controlling the guide unit according to the speed of the fuel cell vehicle;
With
The guide portion has a fan,
The control unit drives the fan to guide the exhaust gas to the rear of the fuel cell vehicle at least when the fuel cell vehicle is not running. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 5 or 6,
A radiator for cooling the fuel cell module;
A radiator fan for air-cooling the radiator;
With
A fuel cell vehicle using the radiator fan as a fan of the guide section. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 7,
The fuel cell module is disposed obliquely so that the vehicle front side of the fuel cell module is higher than the vehicle rear side,
The said radiator fan is a fuel cell vehicle arrange | positioned in the height which can send air below the said fuel cell module ahead of the said fuel cell module. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 7 or 8, wherein
A fuel cell vehicle comprising an under cover vertically below the radiator fan and the fuel cell module. A fuel cell vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The guide portion has a cylindrical member disposed behind the discharge port,
The inlet of the cylindrical member covers the outlet from vertically above,
The fuel cell vehicle, wherein an outlet of the cylindrical member is provided behind the rear wheel shaft. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 10,
The fuel cell vehicle, wherein an area of a cross section of the cylindrical member is larger than an opening area of an outlet of the discharge port. The fuel cell vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising:
An under cover that covers the bottom of the fuel cell vehicle behind the discharge port;
The said guidance part is a fuel cell vehicle which is a groove | channel provided in the said under cover, Comprising: It has a groove | channel which extends behind the said rear-wheel axle from the said discharge port.

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